21901
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Xiao B, Shi YQ, Zhao YQ, You H, Wang ZY, Liu XL, Yin F, Qiao TD, Fan DM. Transduction of Fas gene or Bcl-2 antisense RNA sensitizes cultured drug resistant gastric cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:421-425. [PMID: 11819336 PMCID: PMC4767742 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To compare the expression level of Fas gene and Bcl-2 gene in gastric cancer cells SGC7901 and gastric cancer multidrug resistant cells (MDR) SGC7901/VCR, to transduce Fas cDNA and Bcl-2 antisense nucleic acid into SGC7901/VCR cells respectively, and to observe the expression of two genes in transfectants and non-transfectants as well as their drug sensitivity.
METHODS: Eukaryotic expression vector pBK-Fas cDNA and pDOR-anti Bcl-2 were constructed and transfected into SGC7901/VCR cells by lipofectamine,respectively. Northern blot and Western blot were used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein in SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901 cells and transfectants, and drug sensitivity of transfectants for VCR, CDDP and 5-FU was analyzed with MTT assay.
RESULTS: After gene transfection, 80 for Fas and 120 for antisense Bcl-2 drug-resistant clones were selected from 2 × 105 cells, transfection rate being 0.04% and 0.06%. Two clones of SGC7901 Fas/VCR cells and SGC7901 anti Bcl-2/VCR cells were randomly selected for further incubation. Hybridization results showed that the expression level of Fas mRNA and protein in SGC7901/VCR cells was much lower, but that of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein was higher than that in SGC7901 cells. The expression of Fas mRNA and protein in SGC7901 Fas/VCR cells was higher, and of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein was lower in SGC7901 anti Bcl-2/VCR cells than that in non-transfectants. MTT assay showed that transfectants were more sensitive to VCR, CDDP, 5-FU than non-transfectants.
CONCLUSION: Bcl-2 gene displayed high expression while Fas gene had low expression in drug resistant gastric cancer cells. Expression of Bcl-2 protein was effectively blocked in SGC7901 anti Bcl-2/VCR cells by gene transfection. In contrast, the expression of Fas mRNA and protein in SGC7901 Fas/VCR cells increased. Fas gene and Bcl-2 antisense nucleic acid transfection sensitized drug resistant gastric cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. These results suggest cell apoptosis plays an important role in the mechanism of MDR, and enhancing apoptosis might reverse MDR.
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21902
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Yao XX, Cui DL, Sun YF, Li XT. Clinical and experimental study of effect of Raondix Salviae Militiorrhiza and other blood-activating and stasis-eliminating Chinese herbs on hemodynamics of portal hypertension. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:439-442. [PMID: 11819341 PMCID: PMC4767747 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the effects of Radix Salviae Militiorrhiza (RSM), other blood-activating and stasis-eliminating Chinese herbs on hemodynamics of portal hypertension.
METHODS: Portal pressure of cirrhotic dogs after chronic common bile duct ligation was measured directly; portal blood flow in patients with liver cirrhosis were detected by ultrasound Doppler.
RESULTS: After administration of RSM and Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RAS) by intravenous infusion in cirrhosis dogs, the portal venous pressure (Ppv), wedge hepatic venous pressure (WHVP), hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG), were significantly decreased (P < 0.05-0.01), but the mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the heart rate (HR) remained unchanged. When nifedipine was used, Ppv, WHVP, MAP and HR were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the MVPG unchanged (P < 0.05). After administration of RSM, RSM + nifedipine and RSM + Hirudin + Nifedpin for 10-12 weeks, the diameter of portal vein (Dpv), spleen vein (Dsv), the portal venous flow (Qpv) and splenic venous flow (Qsv) in patients with hepatic cirrhosis were significantly lowered (P < 0.05-0.01), and the effect of RAS was weaker.
CONCLUSION: The efficacy of decreasing Ppv by Chinese herbs-RSM, RAS, etc. as compared with nifedipine, demonstrated that the Chinese herbs were slower in action than that of nifedipine, but more long-lasting and without side effects. Hence, long-term administration of Chinese herbs, would be more beneficial.
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21903
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Liu QZ, Tuo CW, Wang B, Wu BQ, Zhang YH. Liver metastasis models of human colorectal carcinoma established in nude mice by orthotopic transplantation and their biologic characteristic. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:409-411. [PMID: 11819332 PMCID: PMC4767738 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To establish a liver metastasis model of human colorectal carcinoma in nude mice. METHODS: Orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact colorectal tissues from patients into colorectal mucosa of nude mice. Tumorgenicity, invasion, metastasis and morphological characteristics of the transplanted tumors were studied by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: Liver metastasis models of human colon carcinoma (HCA-HMN-1) and human rectal carcinoma (HRA-HMN-2) were established after sceening from 34 colorectal carcinomas.They had been passaged in vivo for 18 and 21 generations respectively. There were lymphatic, hemotogenous and implanting metastasesis. CEA secretion was maintained after transplantation. The primary and liver metastatic tumors were similar to the original human carcinoma in histopathological and ultrastructural features, DNA content and chromosomal karyotype.
CONCLUSION: The liver metastasis models provide useful tools for the study of mechanism of metastasis and its treatment of human colorectal cancer.
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21904
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Xiao CZ, Dai YM, Yu HY, Wang JJ, Ni CR. Relationship between expression of CD44v6 and nm23-H1 and tumor invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:412-414. [PMID: 11819333 PMCID: PMC4767739 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To detect the expression of CD44v6 mRNA and nm23-H1 mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by in situ hybridization, and to evaluate the relationship between their expression and also relationship between their expressions and tumor invasion and metastasis.
METHODS: CD44v6 cDNA probe was synthesized with PCR technique and the nm23-H1 cRNA probe by in vitro transcription. The expression of CD44v6 mRNA and nm23-H1 mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization.
RESULTS: In group with high invasion and metastasis potential, the positive rates of CD44v6 mRNA and nm23-H1 mRNA were 80% (8/10) and 40% (4/10),in group with poor invasion and metastasis potential, they were 21.7% (5/23) and 91.3% (21/23). There was a positive correlation between the expression of CD44v6 mRNA and tumor invasion and metastasis potential in HCC (P < 0.01), and a reverse correlation between the expression of nm23-H1 mRNA and tumor invasion and metastasis potential (P < 0.01) and a reverse correlation in the expression between CD44v6 mRNA and nm23-H1 mRNA in HCC (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Detection of CD44v6 mRNA and nm23-H1 mRNA may be useful for tumor invasion and metastasis in HCC.
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21905
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Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether the arcuate nucleus (ARC) could modulate gastric motility, and if so, what are the mechanisms or pathways.
METHODS: Wistar rats, anaesthetized with urethan, parameters of stimulation and electrolytic lesion sites were determined according to the Paxinos and Watson “ATLAS of rat brain in steriotaxic coordinate”. Intragastric pressure ( IGP ) and gastric motility were measured by Reybould¡äs method.
RESULTS: Electrical stimulation of ARC could obviously decrease the IGP by 42.2% ± 5.4%, n = 15, P < 0.01, and the phasic gastric contractions disappeared. The analysis showed that the locus coeruleus (LC) and dorsal raphe (DR) nuclei may be involved in central, but without the invovement of β-endorphinergic neurons rich in the ARC, while in periphery, the peripheral neural pathways are both vagus and sympathetic nerves. The fibers in vagus may be non-cholinergic. Humoral factors may also be involved. At the receptor level, Tonic action of adrenergic nerve in the stomach is mainly inhibitory; β-receptors, which may be present on the stomach wall and mediate inhibition; and α-receptors, which come into play through vagus, mediate inhibition, but those present on the smooth muscle mediate sympathetic excitation. Microinjection of TRH into ARC could significantly increase the IGP by 183.02% (0.53 kPa ± 0.08 kPa vs 1.5 kPa ± 0.6 kPa, n = 10, P < 0.001), the rate and amplitude of phasic gastric contraction were also increased (3 cpm vs 6 cpm-8 cpm). The peripheral pathway of such excitatory effects were transmitted with cholinergic vagus nerve mediated by M-receptor.
CONCLUSION: ARC could modulate gastric motility biphasically, inhibitory and excitatory, depending on the nature of stimuli.
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21906
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Yi XR, Kong XP, Zhang YJ, Tong MH, Yang LP, Li RB. High expression of human augmenter of liver regeneration in E. coli. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:459-460. [PMID: 11819344 PMCID: PMC4767750 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21907
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Zhang XH, Sun GQ, Zhou XJ, Guo HF, Zhang TH. Basaloid squamous carcinoma of esophagus: a clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study of sixteen cases. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:397-403. [PMID: 11819330 PMCID: PMC4767736 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To further clarify the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic features, and prognostic aspect of basaloid squamous carcinoma (BSC), a rare esophageal carcinoma.
METHODS: We reviewed 763 documented cases of esophageal malignancies (1977-1996) from our hospital, and discovered 16 (2.1%) cases of BSC. The clinicopathological features of these cases were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry (S-P method), histochemical stains, and electron microscopy were used to further characterize the neoplasm.
RESULTS: The tumors were classified into stages I (n = 1), IIA (n = 6), IIB (n = 2), III (n = 5), and IV (n = 2) according to the criteria of the UICC TNM classification system of malignant tumors (1987). Most neoplasms were located in the mid third of the esophagus. Grossly, they had a similar appearance of conventional esophageal carcinoma, but showed a typical cytoarchitectural pattern of BSC histologically. The most important histologic feature of this tumor is carcinoma with a basaloid pattern, intimately associated with squamous cell carcinoma, dysplasia, or focal squamous differentiation. The basaloid cells were round to oval in shape with scant cytoplasm, arranged mainly in the form of solid, smooth-contoured lobules with peripheral palisading. A panel of immunostains were used for the basaloid component of the tumor with the following results: CK (Pan) 14/16 (+); EMA 16/16 (+); Vimentin 4/16 (+); S-100 protein 7/16 (+). CEA and smooth muscle actin were negative. Electron microscopy (EM) revealed that the basaloid cells were poorly differentiated, with a few desmosomes and fibrils, and numerous free and polyribosome. Of the 11 patients with adequate follow-up 8 died within 2 years, with an average survival time of 16.2 months. No stage II, III or IV cases survived beyond 5 years. The one-year survival rate was 60% and two-year 20%.
CONCLUSION: The BSC of esophagus is a distinct clinicopathological entity with poor prognosis. The cellular differentiation and biologic behavior of esophageal BSC were assumed to occupy a station intermediate between that of conventional squamous cell carcinoma and small undifferentiated cell carcinoma.
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21908
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21909
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Tang WX, Cheng PY, Luo YP, Wang RX. Interaction between cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and vincristine on human hepatoma cell line (7721). World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:418-420. [PMID: 11819335 PMCID: PMC4767741 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the killing effects of CDDP, 5-Fu and VCR on human hepaoma cell line (7721).
METHODS: The median-effect principle was used.
RESULTS: Killing effects of the individual drug were enhanced as the median concentration increased. Antagonism was produced when two drugs were used at a higher concentration (CI > 1), and synergism was achiened when CI < 1. Finally, the effect was influenced by both the ratios of drug concentration and the sequence of administration.
CONCLUSION: The drug administration order and drug concentrations are significant factors that need to be considered in clinical practice.
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21910
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Wang WL, Gu GY, Hu M. Expression and significance of HBV genes and their antigens in human primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:392-396. [PMID: 11819329 PMCID: PMC4767735 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the etiology and pathogenesis of human primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, the expression of HBV genes and HBV-antigens was detected in the cancerous tissue and its surrounding hepatic tissues.
METHODS: HBV-antigens were detected by immunohistochemical technique and HBV genes were examined with in situ hybridization.
RESULTS: In 20 cases of cholangiocarcinoma, the positive detection rate of HBxAg, pre-S1, pre-S2, HBsAg and HBcAg was 75%, 40%, 40%, 10% and 0%, respectively, and in the surrounding hepatic tissues of 19 cases the positive rates were 84.2%, 47.9%, 47.9%, 31.6% and 31.6%. Among 40 cases of cholangiocarcinoma, the positive rate of HBVDNA, x-gene, pre-s gene, s gene and s gene fell on 77.5%, 70.0%, 47.5%, 40% and 42.5%, respectively, and of the surrounding hepatic tissues in 33 cases, 87.9%, 84.8%, 63.6%, 69.7% and 66.7%.
CONCLUSION: The development of human primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma bears a close relationship with chronic persistent HBV infection. Particularly, the x gene of HBV and its protein (HBxAg) might play an important role in pathogenesis of hepatic carcinoma.
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21911
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Cao GW, Qi ZT, Pan X, Zhang XQ, Miao XH, Feng Y, Lu XH, Kuriyama S, Du P. Gene therapy for human colorectal carcinoma using human CEA promoter controled bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxin genes: PEA and DTA gene transfer. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:388-391. [PMID: 11819328 PMCID: PMC4767734 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To establish a tissue-specific gene therapy for colorectal carcinoma using bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxin genes.
METHODS: Pseudomonas exotoxin A domain II +III (PEA) was cloned from genomic DNA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PEA and diphtheria toxin A chain gene (DTA) were modified to express eukaryotically. After sequencing, the toxin genes under the control of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) promoter were cloned into retroviral vectors to construct CEAPEA and CEADTA respectively. In vitro cotransfection of the constructs with luciferase vectors and in vivo gene transfer in nude mice were subsequently carried out.
RESULTS: Both CEAPEA and CEADTA specifically inhibited the reporter gene expression in the CEA positive human colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells in vitro. Direct injection of CEAPEA and CEADTA constructs into the established human tumors in BALB/c nude mice led to significant and selective reductions in CRC tumor size as compared with that in control groups.
CONCLUSION: The toxin genes, working as therapeutic genes, are suitable for the tissue-specific gene therapy for colorectal carcinoma.
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21912
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Xia B, Crusius JBA, Meuwissen SGM, Pe?a AS. Inflammatory bowel disease: definition, epidemiology, etiologic aspects, and immunogenetic studies. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:446-458. [PMID: 11819343 PMCID: PMC4767749 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/1998] [Revised: 09/18/1998] [Accepted: 09/26/1998] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21913
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Li DG, Lu HM, Chen YW. Progress in studies of tetrandrine against hepatofibrosis. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:377-379. [PMID: 11819325 PMCID: PMC4767731 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i5.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/1998] [Revised: 09/24/1998] [Accepted: 10/08/1998] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21914
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21915
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Li ZL, Wu CT, Lu LR, Zhu XF, Xiong DX. Traditional Chinese medicine "Qing Yi Tang" alleviates oxygen free radical injury in acute necrotizing pancreatits. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:357-359. [PMID: 11819320 PMCID: PMC4761561 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To observe the changes in oxygen free radical (OFR) and the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine “Qing Yi Tang” in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).
METHODS: After induction of ANP by injection of sodium taurocholate into pancreatic duct, 16 dogs were randomly divided into control group and Chinese medicine group. Serum amylase, SOD and MDA were determined on postoperative day 1, 2, 4 and 7. The animals were sacrificed on day 7. SOD and MDA in organs were determined, and pathological changes in pancreas were observed.
RESULTS: As compared with control group, the serum level of amylase (734 U/L vs 2783 U/L) and MDA (7.8 nmol/mL vs 14.8 nmol/mL) in Chinese medicine group were decreased on day 7 (P < 0.05), while SOD increased significantly (281 nU/mL vs 55 nU/mL, P < 0.01), and similar changes occurred in MDA and SOD in organs, especially in the pancreas; the pathological changes in the pancreas were alleviated as well.
CONCLUSION: “Qing Yi Tang” is effective in clearing OFRs and alleviating pathological changes in ANP.
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21916
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Wang XZ, Lin GZ. Functional dyspepsia of ulcer-dysmotility type: clinical incidence and therapeutic strategy. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:367-368. [PMID: 11819323 PMCID: PMC4761564 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21917
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Geng YC, Wang XX, Ma Y, Hu Y, Zhang RL. Orientated thermotherapy of ferromagnetic thermoseed in hepatic tumors. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:326-328. [PMID: 11819311 PMCID: PMC4761552 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the thermotherapeutic effects of implanted ferromagnetic thermoseeds in high frequency electromagnetic field in hepatic tumors.
METHODS: The ferromagnetic thermoseeds made of nickel-copper alloy, which has a lower Curie temperature, were implanted into hepatic tumors of mice. The high frequency electromagnetic field was then applied in vitro to make the ferromagnetic thermoseeds produce the hyperthermia. Before and after thermotherapy, the tumor size, pathologic alteration and animal survival period were assessed.
RESULTS: The temperature at the central area of the tumor could be heated up to 50 °C. Most of tumors in mice disappeared with a large amount of tumor necrosis. The survival period of mice was prolonged.
CONCLUSION: This thermotherapy is beneficial to directional selection and temperature control for treatment of hepatic tumors.
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21918
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Yuan SL, Huang RM, Wang XJ, Song Y, Huang GQ. Reversing effect of Tanshinone on malignant phenotypes of human hepatocarcinoma cell line. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:317-319. [PMID: 11819308 PMCID: PMC4761549 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the reversing effect of Chinese drug tanshinone on malignant phenotype of cancer cells.
METHODS: Human hepatocarcinoma cell line (SMMC-7721) was treated in vitro with 0.5 mg/L tanshinone for 4 days, and variation in cell differentiation wasdetected.
RESULTS: The morphology of cancer cells was tended toward well differentiation and cell growth was markedly inhibited. BrdU uptake assay and immunohistochemical stain of PCNA showed that the BrdU labeling rate and PCNA positive rate were lower than the controls, but no difference was found statistically as compared with all transretinoic acid. Flow cytometric assay demonstrated that S phase cells decreased and G0/G1 phase cells increased. Expression of c-myc oncogene protein decreased but the c-fos oncogene protein markedly increased.
CONCLUSION: Tanshinone could reverse the inducing differentiation in human hepatocarcinoma cells (SMMC-7721). It may become a new prospective inducer of cell differentiation to treat cancers.
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21919
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Yan FH, Zeng MS, Zhou KR. Role and pitfalls of hepatic helical multi-phase CT scanning in differential diagnosis of small hemangioma and small hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:343-347. [PMID: 11819317 PMCID: PMC4761558 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To compare and analyze the contrast enhancement appearance of small hemangioma (SHHE) and small hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC) with helical multi-phase CT scanning so as to determine their roles and pitfalls in the differential diagnosis of SHHE and SHCC.
METHODS: The pre and postcontrast CT scanning of the liver in 73 cases (38 SHHE, 35 SHCC) were carried out. The first phase scan of the entire liver began at 30s after the injection of contrast medium, the second and third phases began at 70s, and 4 min respectively. The contrast enhancement patterns and characteristics of all lesions were observed and compared.
RESULTS: In SHHE, 64.29% (27/42) had typical manifestations in two-phase dynamic scanning, such as peripheral dramatic high-density enhancement of the lesions with progressive opacification from the periphery toward the center, 30.95% (13/42) were hyperdense in both phases and 4.76% (2/42) were hypodense in both phases. In the third phase scanning, 96.67% (28/30) of SHHE were hyperdense and isodense. In SHCC 59.52% (25/42) presented typical appearances, such as hyperdense in the first phase and hypodense in the second phase, 23.81% (10/42) were hyperdense in the first phase and isodense in the second phase with 4.76% (2/42) of hypodense in both phases. In the third phase scanning, 85.71% (24/28) of SHCC were hypodense.
CONCLUSION: According to the contrast enhancement patterns of SHHE and SHCC in the two-phase or multi-phase scanning by helical CT, diagnosis can be established in the majority of lesions, while some atypical cases needed MRI for further investigation.
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21920
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Ren MS, Hu WB, Zhang Z, Ju SW, Fan YX, Wang GQ, Yang RM. Copper-chelating therapeutic effect in Wilson disease with different clinical phenotypes and polymorphisms of ATP7B gene. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:340-342. [PMID: 11819316 PMCID: PMC4761557 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the copper-chelating therapeutic effect in Wilson disease (WD) with different clinical phenotypes and polymorphisms of ATP7B gene.
METHODS: One hundred and twenty-two WD patients with different clinicalphenotypes were given DMPS intravenously and Gandou copper-chelating tablet orally for one month. The therapeutic effect was judged by modified Goldstein mothod. Exon 18 of ATP7B gene extracted from the DNA of patients and 20 healthy volunteers was amplified with PCR mutation and polymorphism were screened with SSCP technique.
RESULTS: Four kinds of abnormal migration bands in PCR-SSCP were observed in 37 WD patients, mutation frequencies of three different disease phenotypes, and curative effect between mutation group and non-mutation group showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05), but the total effectiveness rates in patients with Wilson type or pseudosclerosis type were significantly higher than those of patients with hepatic type ( χ2 = 6.17, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Most WD patients are compound heterozygotes, the patients with different clinical phenotypes have different response to copper-chelating therapy. Specific mutation, at least in part, plays a role in influencing the disease phenotypes and therapeutic effect.
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21921
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Lai MD, Luo MJ, Yao JE, Chen PH. Anal cancer in Chinese: human papillomavirus infection and altered expression of p53. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:298-302. [PMID: 11819303 PMCID: PMC4761544 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To detect the presence of HPV DNA and study the alteration of p53 expression in anal cancers in Chinese.
METHODS: HPV DNA was amplified by PCR. The amplified HPV DNA was classified by DBH. HPV antigen and p53 expression were respectively detected by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: HPV DNA was amplified only in one case of squamous cell carcinoma of the 72 Chinese anal cancers and further classified as HPV type 16. Others were all HPV negative. HPV antigen and p53 expression were also detected in this case. Positive stainings with anti-p53 antibody were seen in 61.2% anal cancers. There were no statistically significant differences between anal squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas and between anal adenocarcinomas and rectal adenocarcinomas. p53 protein expression was observed in the basal cells of squamous epithelium of condyloma acuminatum and morphologically normal squamous epithelium in 2 cases invaded by anal adenocarcinoma.
CONCLUSION: HPV infection was not associated with these cases of anal cancer. p53 alteration was a common event. Positive p53 immunostaining can not be regarded as a marker for differentiating benign from malignant lesions.
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21922
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Wang LD, Zhou Q, Wei JP, Yang WC, Zhao X, Wang LX, Zou JX, Gao SS, Li YX, Yang CS. Apoptosis and its relationship with cell proliferation, p53, Waf1p21, bcl-2 and c-myc in esophageal carcinogenesis studied with a high-risk population in northern China. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:287-293. [PMID: 11819301 PMCID: PMC4761542 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine the extent of apoptosis and its possible relationship with the changes of p53, Waflp21, bcl-2, and c-myc at different stages of esophageal carcinogenesis.
METHODS: Two hundred and forty-one esophageal biopsy samples from symptom-free subjects and 38 surgically resected esophageal carcinoma tissues from a high-risk population for esophageal cancer in Henan, China were used in this study. Apoptotic cells and apoptotic bodies were identified by well-established morphological criteria. The extent of apoptosis and its possible relationship with the rate of cell proliferation (PCNA) and changes of p53, Waf1p21, bcl-2, and c-myc were analyzed in samples with esophageal precancerous and cancerous lesions.
RESULTS: The apoptotic cells, identified morphologically, were located in the same proliferative compartment of hyperproliferative cell population in the esophageal epithelia as the cells immunostaining-positive for p53, bcl-2, c-myc and PCNA.The apoptotic indices (total number of apoptotic cells and apoptotic bodies per mm2 of the tissue section) were low in the normal epithelia, and increased significantly as the lesions progressed from BCH to DYS and to SCC. The extent of apoptosis correlated well with the cell proliferation indices based on PCNA. The total number of positive cells for p53 stain was much higher than that of apoptotic cells. No difference in apoptotic indices was found between p53-positive and p53-negative samples. Waf1p21-positive cells resided in cell layers were higher in number than p53 and PCNA-positive cells. The number of immunostaining positive cells for Waflp21 increased slightly from normal to BCH, but decreased in DYS and SCC. Positive staining samples for bcl-2 and c-myc increased as the lesions progressed from BCH to DYS and to SCC. No apparent correlation between apoptosis and Waf1p21, bcl-2 or c-myc expression was observed.
CONCLUSION: The extent of apoptosis was low in normal esophageal epithelium and increased as the lesions progressed. The apoptotic cells were located in the same hyperproliferative cell compartment as cells immunostaining-positive for p53, bcl-2, c-myc and PCNA, but no apparent correlation between apoptosis and these parameters was observed, possibly due to the complexities of molecular changes in esophageal carcinogenesis.
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21923
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Zhao JC, Xiao LJ, Zhu H, Shu Y, Cheng NS. Changes of lipid metabolism in plasma, liver and bile during cholesterol gallstone formation in rabbit model. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:337-339. [PMID: 11819315 PMCID: PMC4761556 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To find out the relationship between the disturbances of lipid metabolism and the formation of cholesterol gallstones by studying the changes of lipid metabolism in plasma, liver tissue and the bile.
METHODS: Male and female white Japanese rabbits were divided randomly into a control group (Con) and four experimental groups of 10 rabbits each fed with a diet containing 1.2% cholesterol for one, two, three and four weeks (1 wk, 2 wk, 3 wk and 4 wk group). The measurement of plasma triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and its subfractions (HDL2-C, HDL3-C), very low and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C, LDL-C) was taken with standard enzymatic techniques. Apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations in plasma were measured by radial immunodiffusion assay for apoA1, apoB100, aopC¢ò and apoC II. Total cholesterol of liver was measured by the enzymatic procedure for each animal. Bile acids, mainly glycocholate (GCA) and glycodeoxycholate (GDCA) were detected by dual wavelength thin layer scanner.
RESULTS: In all the experimental groups fed with dietary cholesterol, cholesterol crystal was found in the gallbladder in 2/10 cases of the 1 wk group, 4/10 of the 2 wk group,6/10 of the 3 wk group and 7/10 of the 4 wk group respectively. The concentration of plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (pl), VLDL-C, LDL-C, apoB100, apoC II, apoC III gradually increased (P < 0.05)with the prolonged feeding time of dietary cholesterol. High density lipoprotein cholesterol and its subfractions (HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C) showed a tendency to decrease, but without statistical significance (P > 0.05). ApoA1 was reduced with increased feeding time of dietary cholesterol (P < 0.05). The hepatic and biliary cholesterol increased 1-1.5 times as compared with the control group (t = 5.221 and 3.445, P < 0.05). The GCA gradually decreased beginning from the control group to the 4 wk group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Owing to the high cholesterol diet, the increased concentrations of plasma TC, TG, VLDL-C, LDL-C, hepatic TC and TG, apoB100, apoC II and apoC III possibly enhanced the secretion of biliary cholesterol into bile; the decreased plasma apoA1 level might reduce the secretion of antinucleating factor into bile. All those factors mentioned above probably contribute to the formation of cholesterol gallstones.
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21925
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You H, Xiao B, Cui DX, Shi YQ, Fan DM. Two novel gastric cancer-associated genes identified by differential display. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:334-336. [PMID: 11819314 PMCID: PMC4761555 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To clone novel gastric cancer-associated genes and investigate their roles in gastric cancer occurrence.
METHODS: A method called differential display was used which allows the identification of differentially expressed genes by using PAGE to display PCR-amplified cDNA fragments between gastric cancer cells and normal gastric mucosa cells. These fragments were cloned into plasmid vector pUC18. Homology analysis was made after sequencing these fragments.
RESULTS: Two novel genes were identified compared with sequences from GenBank. One was registered with the AD number AF 051783. In situ hybridization showed that these two novel genes expressed specifically in gastric cancer tissues.
CONCLUSION: The two novel genes obtained by differential display were confirmed to be gastric cancer-associated genes using in situ hybridization.
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