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Xia HC, Wang HH, Han D, Yang HK, Lv JL, Kong YY. Phenothiazine-based fluorescent probes for the detection of hydrazine in environment and living cells. Talanta 2024; 269:125448. [PMID: 38029607 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
As an important chemical raw material, hydrazine brings convenience to people's lives and provides opportunities for human development. However, the misuse or leakage of hydrazine has brought pollution to the environment, including water, soil and living organisms. At the same time, hydrazine poses a potential threat to human health as a carcinogen. Despite the enormous challenges, it is crucial to develop an effective method to detect hydrazine in environmental samples. In this work, we have synthesized a series of probes based on phenothiazine fluorophore by the introduction of different substituents and developed a novel probe for the detection of hydrazine. The probe is capable of detecting hydrazine in aqueous solutions with high sensitivity and selectivity, and can be easily fabricated into paper test strips for use in in situ samples. In addition, the probe is effective in detecting hydrazine in water, soil, cells, and zebrafish, providing an excellent tool for detecting hydrazine in the environment.
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He YC, Yu HL, Zhao KY, Wang Y, Geng CS, Wu S, Yang HK, Zhao FH. Three new Zn( ii) coordination polymers for highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe 3+. CrystEngComm 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce01382g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this work, three novel Zn(ii)-CPs with diverse structures and fascinating topologies can be highly selective and sensitive luminescent sensors for detection of Fe3+.
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Yang HK, Yu Y, Zhao ZH, Zhang HY, Zhang YM, Chen J, Wang L, He YC. Synthesis, structure, and electrochemical properties of a novel coordination polymer based on a nitrogen-rich ligand. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Xiang XL, Chen SH, Yang HK, He P, Fan GQ. [Effects of straw mulching and phosphorus application on forms and availability of soil phosphorus in hilly dryland of Sichuan, China]. YING YONG SHENG TAI XUE BAO = THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY 2022; 33:3337-3344. [PMID: 36601839 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202212.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a two-factor split-plot experiment to examine the alteration of soil inorganic phosphorus forms and phosphorus availability under straw mulching and phosphorus fertilizer rates. The main factor was straw mulching and non-mulching, while the sub-factor was phosphorus supply rates, including 0, 75, and 120 kg·hm-2. We analyzed the characteristics of phosphorus adsorption-desorption, the content of inorganic phosphorus components and their relationship with available phosphorus in hilly upland purple soil in Sichuan. Results showed that compared with the non-mulching, the maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity of straw mulching was notably decreased by 7.7% and 7.4% in the two experimental years from 2018 to 2020. The degree of phosphorus saturation and readily desorbable phosphorus of straw mulching were remarkably increased by 35.4% and 21.6% in 2019 and 18.6% and 35.2% in 2020, respectively. The maximum buffer capacity of phosphorus was not different between straw mulching and non-mulching. The maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity and maximum buffer capacity of phosphorus were significantly lower, and the degree of phosphorus saturation was notably higher in the phosphorus application treatment than that under no phosphorus treatment. The readily desorbable phosphorus increased with the increases of phosphorus rates. The contents of dicalcium phosphate (Ca2-P), octa-calcium phosphate (Ca8-P) and iron phosphorus (Fe-P) in straw mulching treatment were notably higher than those in non-mulching treatment, whereas the content of aluminum phosphorus (Al-P) significantly lower under the straw mulching. Meanwhile, the contents of occluded phosphate (O-P) and apatite (Ca10-P) tended to decrease in the straw mulching compared with that under the non-mulching. Phosphorus application increased the content of different inorganic phosphorus components. Compared with the non-mulching, soil available phosphorus content and the phosphorus activation coefficient of straw mulching remarkably increased by 23.2% and 21.3% in 2019, and 9.6% and 8.9% in 2020, respectively. Soil available phosphorus content and phosphorus activation coefficient increased with the increases of phosphorus rate. Results of regression analysis showed that the contribution of inorganic phosphorus components to the availability of available phosphorus in purple soil was Ca2-P > Fe-P > Al-P > Ca8-P > Ca10-P > O-P. Therefore, straw mulching combined with a reasonable phosphorus fertilizer rate could promote the decomposition and transformation of insoluble soil phosphorus to moderately active or easily absorbed phosphorus forms, reduce soil phosphorus adsorption, stimulate soil phosphorus desorption, and improve soil phosphorus availability. Based on the economic benefits, phosphate fertilizer application at the rate of 75 kg·hm-2 combined with straw mulching was recommended in Sichuan hilly dryland, which would be more beneficial in improving soil phosphorus availability.
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Liu HP, Wang YC, He YC, Liu J, Wang KX, Yan YD, Yang HK, Wang XC. Synthesis, structure and properties of a novel Cu(II)-MOF {[Cu2L(OH)]·DMF}n based on a semi-rigid polycarboxylic acid ligand. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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He YC, Wang Y, Zhao FH, Wang YC, Wang KX, Yang HK, Xu N. Syntheses, structures and properties of two Ni(II) coordination polymers based on an anionic ligand deprotonated 5-((3-carboxyphenoxy)methyl)benzene-1,3-dioic acid and different neutral ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Meszner Z, Molnar Z, Rampakakis E, Yang HK, Kuter BJ, Wolfson LJ. Economic burden of varicella in children 1-12 Years of age in Hungary, 2011-2015. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:495. [PMID: 28705150 PMCID: PMC5513371 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although live-attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccines have been proven to be safe and effective in preventing varicella and real-word evidence shows routine childhood immunization programs are effective in dramatically reducing varicella associated morbidity and mortality, varicella vaccine is not included in the National Immunization Program (NIP) in Hungary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and economic burden associated with varicella in Hungary. Methods This was a multicenter, retrospective, chart review study of patients aged 1–12 years with a primary varicella diagnosis between 2011 and 2015. Healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) associated with varicella, unit costs, and work loss were used to estimate direct and indirect costs. All costs are presented in 2015 HUF / Euros (€). Results 156 children with varicella were included (75 outpatients, 81 inpatients), with a mean age of 4.4 (SD: 2.0) and 3.7 (SD: 2.1) years, respectively. One or more complications were reported by 12.0% of outpatients and 92.6% of inpatients, the most common being dehydration, skin and soft tissue infections, pneumonia, keratoconjunctivitis, and cerebellitis. HCRU estimates included use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications (96.0% outpatients, 53.1% inpatients), prescription medications (9.3% outpatients, 70.4% inpatients), tests/procedures (4.0% outpatients, 97.5% inpatients), and consultation with allied health professionals (2.7% outpatients, 30.9% inpatients). The average duration of hospital stay (inpatients) was 3.6 (95% CI: 3.2, 4.1) days. The total combined direct and indirect cost per varicella case was 228,146.7 Hungarian Forint (HUF)/€ 736.0 for inpatients and 49,790.6 HUF/€ 106.6 for outpatients. The overall annual cost of varicella in Hungary for children aged <15 years in 2015 was estimated at 1,903,332,524.3 HUF/ € 6,139,980.4. Conclusion Varicella is associated with substantial clinical burden in Hungary, resulting in the utilization of a significant amount of healthcare resources. These results support the need for routine vaccination of all healthy children to reduce the varicella-associated disease burden.
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Kim YD, Yang HK, Hwang JM. Development of a simple computerized torsion test to quantify subjective ocular torsion. Eye (Lond) 2017. [PMID: 28622314 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeThe double Maddox-rod test (DMRT) and Lancaster red-green test (LRGT) are the most widely used tests worldwide to assess subjective ocular torsion. However, these tests require equipment and the quantified results of ocular torsion are only provided in rough values. Here we developed a novel computerized torsion test (CTT) for individual assessment of subjective ocular torsion and validated the reliability and accuracy of the test compared with those of the DMRT and LRGT.MethodsA total of 30 patients with cyclovertical strabismus and 30 controls were recruited. The CTT was designed using Microsoft Office PowerPoint. Subjects wore red-green filter spectacles and viewed gradually tilted red and cyan lines on an LCD monitor and pressed the keyboard to go through the slides, until both lines seemed parallel. All subjects underwent the CTT, DMRT, and LRGT. Intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots were analyzed to assess the acceptability of the CTT compared with that of the DMRT.ResultsBoth the DMRT and CTT showed no significant test-retest differences in the strabismus and control groups. The DMRT and CTT results demonstrated an acceptable agreement. The reliability of the CTT was better than that of the DMRT. The LRGT showed low sensitivity for the detection of ocular torsion compared with the DMRT (40.0%) and CTT (39.1%).ConclusionOur results suggest that the assessment of subjective ocular torsion using the CTT based on PowerPoint software is simple, reproducible, and accurate and can be applied in clinical practice.
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Yang Y, Kang B, Lee EY, Yang HK, Kim HS, Lim SY, Lee JH, Lee SS, Suh BK, Yoon KH. Effect of an obesity prevention program focused on motivating environments in childhood: a school-based prospective study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:1027-1034. [PMID: 28216643 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES There has been an increasing global recognition of the need for effective strategies to prevent and control childhood obesity. In this study, we aimed to identify the effectiveness of an obesity prevention program focused on motivating environments in school. SUBJECTS/METHODS In this school-based, prospective, quasi-experimental study, we enrolled three elementary (fourth graders) and two middle (seventh graders) schools located in Chungju, Korea. We assigned three of the schools to the intervention group and two schools to the control group. The intervention group received 1 year of environmental intervention. Diet- and exercise-related educational video content was provided by internet protocol television services during rest time, and various design materials were painted along the school staircase and hallway to encourage physical activities. Overweight and obese students were recommended to join the summer vacation obesity care program. RESULTS The final number of total participants was 768 (control 350 and intervention 418). After 1 year of follow-up, there was no significant difference in the overweight/obesity incidence rates and remission rates between the two groups. However, the intervention group showed a greater decrease in the body mass index (BMI) z-score (-0.11 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.16 to -0.06), P<0.001), increase in height (1.1 cm (95% CI 0.8 to 1.4), P<0.001), reduction of body fat, and increase in muscle mass compared with the control group. In addition, blood pressure (BP) was significantly reduced, and significant improvement in physical fitness followed. In subgroup analysis, students of normal weight, boys and younger participants showed the most beneficial results in weight-related outcomes. In addition, the BP reduction was more pronounced in the higher BMI group, boys and older children. CONCLUSIONS A simple environmental intervention could effectively influence children. By adding to previously studied strategies, we can develop a more effective obesity prevention program for children.
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Yang HK, Park MJ, Lee JH, Lee CT, Park JS, Hwang JM. Incidence of toxic optic neuropathy with low-dose ethambutol. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2017; 20:261-4. [PMID: 26792482 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of ethambutol (EMB) induced optic neuropathy prescribed at a relatively low dose of ≤ 15 mg/kg/day for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) or Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease. DESIGN Patients diagnosed with TB or MAC lung disease received multidrug regimens including EMB at a single institution from August 2003 to July 2009. Visual monitoring was performed at baseline and at regular follow-up. The incidence of EMB-induced visual disturbances was evaluated. RESULTS Of the 415 patients included in the study, three (0.7%) developed toxic optic neuropathy over the 6-year period. Of the 289 patients prescribed a dose of ≤ 15 mg/kg/day EMB, only one (0.3%) developed toxic optic neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of EMB-induced optic neuropathy among Koreans is estimated to be 0.7%, and can be reduced with lower doses of EMB.
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Yang H, Meng Y, Chen B, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhao W, Zhou Z. How Integrated Management Strategies Promote Protein Quality of Cotton Embryos: High Levels of Soil Available N, N Assimilation and Protein Accumulation Rate. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1118. [PMID: 27532007 PMCID: PMC4969568 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cottonseed is widely used as a source of ruminant feed and for industrial purposes. Therefore, there is a tremendous need to improve the nutritional value of cotton embryos. In this study, a conventional management (CM) and two integrated cotton management strategies (IMS1, IMS2) were performed at two soil fertility levels to study the relationships among soil N, N assimilation, embryonic protein accumulation and protein quality. The levels of proteins, essential amino acids, and semi-essential amino acids, especially those of glutamate, lysine, and methionine, were higher in IMS1 and IMS2 embryos than in CM embryos. These changes were significantly positively correlated with the soil-available N content, glutamine synthetase activity and peak value of protein accumulation rate and were negatively correlated with the free amino acid level. These results illustrated that integrated management strategies, especially the rates and timing of N application, raise the level of soil available N, which is beneficial for N assimilation in developing cotton embryos. The protein content was limited by the rate of protein accumulation rather than by the free amino acid content. The combination of target yield fertilization, a growth-driven N application schedule, a high plant density and the seedling raising with bio-organic fertilizer can substantially improve protein quality in cotton embryos, especially at a soil with low soil organic matter and total nitrogen.
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Park JM, Kim HI, Han SU, Yang HK, Kim YW, Lee HJ, An JY, Kim MC, Park S, Song KY, Oh SJ, Kong SH, Suh BJ, Yang DH, Ha TK, Hyung WJ, Ryu KW. Who may benefit from robotic gastrectomy?: A subgroup analysis of multicenter prospective comparative study data on robotic versus laparoscopic gastrectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016; 42:1944-1949. [PMID: 27514719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer has been proven to be a feasible and safe minimally invasive procedure. However, our previous multicenter prospective study indicated that robotic gastrectomy is not superior to laparoscopic gastrectomy. This study aimed to identify which subgroups of patients would benefit from robotic gastrectomy rather than from conventional laparoscopic gastrectomy. METHODS A prospective multicenter comparative study comparing laparoscopic and robotic gastrectomy was previously conducted. We divided the patients into subgroups according to obesity, type of gastrectomy performed, and extent of lymph node dissection. Surgical outcomes were compared between the robotic and laparoscopic groups in each subgroup. RESULTS A total of 434 patients were enrolled into the robotic (n = 223) and laparoscopic (n = 211) surgery groups. According to obesity and gastrectomy type, there was no difference in the estimated blood loss (EBL), number of retrieved lymph nodes, complication rate, open conversion rate, and the length of hospital stay between the robotic and laparoscopic groups. According to the extent of lymph node dissection, the robotic group showed a significantly lower EBL than did the laparoscopic group after D2 dissection (P = 0.021), while there was no difference in EBL in patients that did not undergo D2 dissection (P = 0.365). CONCLUSION Patients with gastric cancer undergoing D2 lymph node dissection can benefit from less blood loss when a robotic surgery system is used.
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Lee SH, Rhee M, Yang HK, Ha HS, Lee JH, Kwon HS, Park YM, Yim HW, Kang MI, Lee WC, Son HY, Yoon KH. Serum preadipocyte factor 1 concentrations and risk of developing diabetes: a nested case-control study. Diabet Med 2016. [PMID: 26220259 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether preadipocyte factor 1 could be a predictive marker for the development of diabetes in people without diabetes at baseline. METHODS We conducted a population-based, nested case-control study of individuals who progressed to diabetes (n = 43) or prediabetes (n = 345) and control participants matched on age, sex and fasting plasma glucose concentration, who maintained normal glucose tolerance (n = 389) during a 4-year follow-up using data from the Chungju Metabolic disease Cohort Study. Circulating levels of preadipocyte factor 1 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Baseline serum preadipocyte factor 1 levels showed a stepwise decrease across the glucose tolerance status groups at follow-up (normal glucose tolerance: 10.02 ± 3.02 ng/ml; prediabetes: 9.48 ± 3.35 ng/ml; diabetes: 8.66 ± 3.29 ng/ml; P for trend, 0.0151). Individuals whose fasting plasma glucose level had increased or whose homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function had decreased at follow-up showed significantly lower levels of preadipocyte factor 1 compared with their control group counterparts. After adjusting for age, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin levels, systolic blood pressure and triglycerides, the incidence of diabetes was nearly threefold higher in the lowest vs. the upper three quartiles of circulating preadipocyte factor 1 (relative risk 2.794; 95% CI 1.188-6.571; P = 0.0185). Notably, these findings were significant in women but not in men. CONCLUSIONS Levels of circulating preadipocyte factor 1 may be a useful biomarker for identifying women at high risk of developing diabetes.
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Yang HK, Tong YF, Wu S. A novel and efficient strategy involving a CuI catalyzed cascade reaction to synthesize acenaphtho[1,2-b]quinoline derivatives. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yang HK, Han K, Park YM, Kwon HS, Yoon KH, Lee SH. Different effect of alcohol consumption on hypertension according to metabolic health status. J Hum Hypertens 2015; 30:591-8. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2015.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Sim JA, Shin JS, Park SM, Chang YJ, Shin A, Noh DY, Han W, Yang HK, Lee HJ, Kim YW, Kim YT, Jeong SY, Yoon JH, Kim YJ, Heo DS, Kim TY, Oh DY, Wu HG, Kim HJ, Chie EK, Kang KW, Yun YH. Association between information provision and decisional conflict in cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1974-1980. [PMID: 26116430 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to identify demographic and clinical variables that correlate with perceived information provision among cancer patients and determine the association of information provision with decisional conflict (DC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled a total of 625 patients with cancer from two Korean hospitals in 2012. We used the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality-of-life questionnaire (QLQ-INFO26) to assess patients' perception of the information received from their doctors and the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) to assess DC. To identify predictive sociodemographic and clinical variables for adequate information provision, backward selective logistic regression analyses were conducted. In addition, adjusted multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify clinically meaningful differences of perceived level of information subscales associated with high DC. RESULTS More than half of patients with cancer showed insufficient satisfaction with medical information about disease (56%), treatment (73%), other services (83%), and global score (80%). In multiple logistic regression analyses, lower income and education, female, unmarried status, type of cancer with good prognosis, and early stage of treatment process were associated with patients' perception of inadequate information provision. In addition, Information about the medical tests with high DCS values clarity [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.97] and support (aOR, 0.53; 95% CI 0.33-0.85) showed negative significance. For inadequate information perception about treatments and other services, all 5 DCS scales (uncertainty, informed, values clarity, support, and effective decision) were negatively related. Global score of inadequate information provision also showed negative association with high DCS effective decision (aOR, 0.43; 95% CI 0.26-0.71) and DCS uncertainty (aOR, 0.46; 95% CI 0.27-0.77). CONCLUSION This study found that inadequate levels of perceived information correlated with several demographic and clinical characteristics. In addition, sufficient perceived information levels may be related to low levels of DC.
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Lee SH, Han K, Yang HK, Kim HS, Cho JH, Kwon HS, Park YM, Cha BY, Yoon KH. A novel criterion for identifying metabolically obese but normal weight individuals using the product of triglycerides and glucose. Nutr Diabetes 2015; 5:e149. [PMID: 25915739 PMCID: PMC4423196 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2014.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolically obese but normal weight (MONW) individuals constitute a subgroup of normal weight individuals that display impaired insulin sensitivity with a higher risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality. We aimed to propose a novel criterion for defining MONW by examining the usefulness and the cutoff value of the TyG index, a product of the levels of triglycerides and glucose, in identifying MONW individuals. In addition, the performance of this criterion in predicting the future incidence of diabetes was assessed. SUBJECTS/METHODS A total of 7541 non-diabetic, normal weight (body mass index ⩾18.5 and <25 kg m(-)(2)) subjects were selected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2009-2010. Another 3185 participants with follow-up studies were selected from a prospective community-based cohort study. The TyG index was calculated as ln(fasting triglycerides (mg dl(-1)) × fasting glucose (mg dl(-1))/2). RESULTS The levels of the TyG index paralleled the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components. The cutoff value of the TyG index that reflected MONW based on the receiver operating characteristics analysis was 8.82 for men and 8.73 for women, with the area under the curve values being 0.855 and 0.868, respectively. The sensitivity and the specificity were 84.2 and 77.6% in men and 69.1 and 89.4% in women, respectively. Individuals designated as MONW, who have a normal weight and TyG levels higher than cutoff, displayed a metabolically unhealthy phenotype and an approximately twofold higher risk of developing diabetes compared with metabolically healthy normal weight subjects. CONCLUSIONS We propose a simple diagnostic criterion of MONW, which might be used to discriminate subjects with a higher risk of metabolic diseases.
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Yang HK, Lee SH, Han K, Kang B, Lee SY, Yoon KH, Kwon HS, Park YM. Lower serum zinc levels are associated with unhealthy metabolic status in normal-weight adults: The 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2015; 41:282-290. [PMID: 25908414 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated whether serum zinc concentration is associated with glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and metabolic health status in Korean adults. METHODS Subjects with available serum zinc levels were recruited from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANESV) cohort. Those in the highest quartile on homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and with a body mass index (BMI) of 18.5-25kg/m(2) were classified as metabolically obese and normal weight (MONW). RESULTS A total of 1813 subjects with a mean age of 45.2±0.5 years and a mean BMI of 24.01±0.11kg/m(2) were enrolled. Those in the lower serum zinc quartiles exhibited higher levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance indices compared with those in the higher quartiles. However, these associations were positive only in normal-weight subjects. Those categorized as MONW exhibited significantly lower serum zinc levels than the metabolically healthy and normal weight (MHNW) subjects (131.6±3.0μg/dL vs 141.7±2.8μg/dL, respectively; P=0.0026), whereas serum zinc levels did not differ according to metabolic health in obese subjects. The odds ratio for being categorized as MONW was 4.12 (95% CI: 1.75, 9.72) among those in the lowest serum zinc quartile compared with those in the highest quartile even after adjusting for possible confounding factors. CONCLUSION Lower serum zinc levels were associated with unhealthy metabolic status in normal-weight adults. Further prospective studies are required to define the role of zinc in metabolic health.
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Yang HK, Lee DS, Kim JH, Hwang JM. Association of superior oblique muscle volumes with the presence or absence of the trochlear nerve on high-resolution MR imaging in congenital superior oblique palsy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:774-8. [PMID: 25556205 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Congenital superior oblique palsy is known to relate to trochlear nerve absence and a variable degree of superior oblique muscle hypoplasia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether superior oblique muscle volume predicts trochlear nerve absence in congenital superior oblique palsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of high-resolution MR imaging to evaluate the presence of the trochlear nerve and to measure superior oblique muscle areas and volumes with the image analysis tools of a PACS was performed in 128 consecutive patients with unilateral congenital superior oblique palsy and 34 age-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Of the 128 patients with congenital superior oblique palsy, 88 had an ipsilateral trochlear nerve absence (absent group) and 40 had both trochlear nerves (present group). In patients with congenital superior oblique palsy, the paretic side superior oblique muscle volume was significantly smaller compared with the normal side only in the absent group (P < .001). The left and right side superior oblique muscle volumes were not significantly different in controls (P = .750), and the paretic and normal side superior oblique muscle volumes were not significantly different in the present group (P = .536). The cutoff value of the paretic/normal side superior oblique muscle volume ratio for diagnosing trochlear nerve absence was ≤0.75 (sensitivity 98.9%, specificity 95.0%) in patients with congenital superior oblique palsy. CONCLUSIONS The ratio of paretic/normal side superior oblique muscle area and volume has an excellent predictability in diagnosing trochlear nerve absence in congenital superior oblique palsy.
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Yang HK, Huang MY. Burden of Varicella in Asia-Pacific Countries: A Systematic Review and Critical Analysis. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A803-A804. [PMID: 27203021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Jung CH, Park JY, Cho JH, Yoon KH, Yang HK, Lee YH, Cha BS, Lee BW. The optimal morning:evening ratio in total dose of twice-daily biphasic insulin analogue in poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes: a 24-week multi-centre prospective, randomized controlled, open-labelled clinical study. Diabet Med 2014; 31:68-75. [PMID: 24118113 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Biphasic insulin analogues are widely used in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus suboptimally controlled on oral anti-diabetic drugs. Several topics in this area remain controversial, including how to divide the daily dose of biphasic insulin analogue. We aimed to determine the optimal dosing ratio of twice-daily biphasic insulin analogue and to compare the glycaemic efficacy among groups of patients using different initial dosing ratios of biphasic insulin analogue. METHODS A total of 100 poorly controlled insulin-naive subjects with Type 2 diabetes [HbA1c ≥ 58 mmol/mol, (7.5%)] on oral anti-diabetic drugs were randomized into three groups according to initial morning:evening dosing ratio (group I, 50:50; group II, 55:45; group III, 60:40) of twice-daily biphasic insulin analogue (biphasic insulin aspart 70/30, biphasic insulin aspart 30). The primary outcome measure was the difference in pre-breakfast to pre-dinner dose ratio at the end of the study. RESULTS Twice-daily biphasic insulin analogue showed a significant improvement in glycaemic control [HbA1c from 70 mmol/mol (8.6%) to 60 mmol/mol (7.6%)] after 24 weeks regardless of the initial dose ratio given. Despite the similar efficacy and safety profiles among three groups, morning dose was significantly increased (from 50:50 to 55:45-60:40) in group I after 24 weeks. However, there was no significant change in splitting ratio in groups II and III (with higher morning dose) over the 24-week treatment period. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that initiating twice-daily biphasic insulin analogue on regimens with a higher dose before breakfast than before dinner (i.e. ratio approximately 55:45 to 60:40) might be more appropriate in Korean subjects with Type 2 diabetes.
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Yang L, Chen JH, Xu T, Nie MH, Yang HK. Hypocholesterolemic effect of rice protein is due to regulating hepatic cholesterol metabolism in adult rats. Gene 2013; 512:470-6. [PMID: 23107769 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is one of major risk factors for developing hypercholesterolemia. To elucidate the cholesterol-lowering mechanism exerted by rice protein (RP), the effects on hepatic cholesterol outputs and cholesterol metabolism related enzymes were investigated in adult rats, which were fed by casein (CAS) and RP without cholesterol in diets. After 2 weeks of feeding, the significant cholesterol-lowering effect was observed in adult rats fed by RP compared to CAS. The hepatic total- and VLDL-cholesterol secretions into circulation were significantly depressed in RP group, whereas biliary outputs of bile acids and cholesterol were effectively stimulated by RP-feeding, causing an increase in fecal sterol excretion compared to CAS. As a result, the apparent cholesterol absorption was significantly inhibited by RP. RP-feeding significantly increased the activity and gene expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, whereas acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-2 activity and gene expression were significantly decreased by RP as compared with CAS. Neither activity nor gene expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase of RP did differ from CAS in the liver. The present study demonstrates that rice protein can prevent hypercholesterolemia through modifying hepatic cholesterol metabolism under cholesterol-free dietary condition. The findings suggest that hypocholesterolemic action induced by rice protein is attributed in part to the inhibition of cholesterol absorption during the adult period.
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Yang L, Chen JH, Xu T, Zhou AS, Yang HK. Rice protein improves oxidative stress by regulating glutathione metabolism and attenuating oxidative damage to lipids and proteins in rats. Life Sci 2012; 91:389-394. [PMID: 22906634 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effects of rice protein (RP) on glutathione metabolism and oxidative damage. MAIN METHODS Seven-week-old male Wistar rats were fed diets containing casein and RP without cholesterol for 3weeks. Plasma and liver lipid levels, hepatic accumulation of total glutathione (T-GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO) were measured. In the liver, the total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), mRNA levels of glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) and glutamate cysteine ligase modulatory subunit (GCLM), and the activities of hepatic catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) were also measured. KEY FINDINGS T-AOC, GCLC and GCLM mRNA levels, antioxidative enzyme activities (T-SOD and CAT) and glutathione metabolism related enzyme activities (γ-GCS, GST, GR and GSHPx) were effectively stimulated by RP feeding compared to casein, and RP significantly reduced the hepatic accumulation of MDA and PCO in rats. These results indicate that lipid-lowering activity was induced by RP feeding. SIGNIFICANCE The present study demonstrates that RP improves oxidative stress primarily through enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative defense mechanisms, reflected by enhancing the antioxidative status and attenuating the oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. These results suggest that RP can prevent hyperlipidemia in part through modifying glutathione metabolism, and sulfur amino acids may be the main modulator of this antioxidative mechanism.
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Yang L, Chen JH, Zhang H, Qiu W, Liu QH, Peng X, Li YN, Yang HK. Alkali treatment affects in vitro digestibility and bile acid binding activity of rice protein due to varying its ratio of arginine to lysine. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kong SH, Suh YS, Han DS, Lee HJ, Kim HH, Yang HK. Stomach hanging technique using gauze during laparoscopic gastrectomy. Asian J Endosc Surg 2012; 5:38-41. [PMID: 22776342 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-5910.2011.00116.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lifting the stomach using laparoscopic instruments during laparoscopic gastrectomy is difficult and increases the risk of crushing the tumor. In this study, we present a stomach hanging technique using gauze pieces that reduces the risk to the tumor. MATERIALS AND SURGICAL TECHNIQUE After a partial omentectomy and the opening of the lesser sac, the antrum was wrapped with a 15-20-cm gauze piece. Next, a straight needle with 2-0 monofilament suture material pierced the abdominal cavity through the right subcostal area on the mid-clavicular line, and the gauze was then sutured twice in a figure of eight manner. The needle was removed percutaneously through the right middle quadrant of the abdomen. Another suture was applied to wrap the left side of the stomach. The stomach was easily lifted and positioned by pulling the four suture strings in different directions. After the suture materials were fastened to the abdominal wall using hemostat forceps, the surgical field was sufficiently exposed, facilitating lymph node dissection on the superior surface of the pancreas. This method freed the assistant from holding the stomach and enabled this individual to assist the operation in other ways. DISCUSSION This stomach lifting technique using gauze is a good option for exposing the surgical field, enables the assistant to perform other tasks, and reduces the risk of crushing the tumor during laparoscopic gastrectomy.
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