1
|
Krüger K, Grust A, Muallah D, Patenge A, Wikman H, Mesa MM, Knust ES, Sartori A, Smeets R, Kluwe L, Friedrich RE, Burg S. PIK3CA Hotspot Mutations in Saliva as a Diagnostic Marker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Anticancer Res 2024; 44:2369-2376. [PMID: 38821622 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study aimed at the analogous detection of PIK3CA mutations, common in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), in matched tumor and saliva samples. PATIENTS AND METHODS Tissue and saliva samples were obtained from 29 patients diagnosed with primary OSCC. Saliva samples were obtained preoperatively; tissue specimens were acquired during tumor resection. Tumor DNA was extracted from both tissue and saliva samples. All samples were controlled for DNA quantity and quality and genetic matching of sample pairs was confirmed using the iPlex Pro Exome QC Panel. Variant detection was performed using the MassARRAY® System, a mass-spectrometry based detection system. Mutational analysis in tissue tumor DNA was made using the multiplexed ClearSEEK™ PIK3CA v1.0 Panel covering 20 hotspot mutations in PIK3CA. In saliva samples, variants were analyzed using both the ClearSEEK™ and the UltraSEEK® Lung v1.1 Panel, with a higher limit of detection but covering less PIK3CA variants. RESULTS Overall, a PIK3CA variant was found in seven of the 29 tumor tissue samples (24%) by ClearSEEK™; UltraSEEK® additionally confirmed the variant in four of these seven positive samples. Of the three variants not detected by UltraSEEK®, two were not included in the panel and one was included but not detected. Of the seven variants found in tissue, five could also be detected in the matching saliva samples (71%), either by utilizing ClearSEEK™ or UltraSEEK® Conclusion: The detection of PIK3CA hotspot mutations in OSCC and their simultaneous occurrence in saliva underline the potential benefit of liquid biopsies for non-invasive cancer detection and follow-up care of OSCC patients.
Collapse
|
2
|
Neyazi S, Yamazawa E, Hack K, Tanaka S, Nagae G, Kresbach C, Umeda T, Eckhardt A, Tatsuno K, Pohl L, Hana T, Bockmayr M, Kim P, Dorostkar MM, Takami T, Obrecht D, Takai K, Suwala AK, Komori T, Godbole S, Wefers AK, Otani R, Neumann JE, Higuchi F, Schweizer L, Nakanishi Y, Monoranu CM, Takami H, Engertsberger L, Yamada K, Ruf V, Nomura M, Mohme T, Mukasa A, Herms J, Takayanagi S, Mynarek M, Matsuura R, Lamszus K, Ishii K, Kluwe L, Imai H, von Deimling A, Koike T, Benesch M, Kushihara Y, Snuderl M, Nambu S, Frank S, Omura T, Hagel C, Kugasawa K, Mautner VF, Ichimura K, Rutkowski S, Aburatani H, Saito N, Schüller U. Transcriptomic and epigenetic dissection of spinal ependymoma (SP-EPN) identifies clinically relevant subtypes enriched for tumors with and without NF2 mutation. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:22. [PMID: 38265489 PMCID: PMC10808175 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Ependymomas encompass multiple clinically relevant tumor types based on localization and molecular profiles. Tumors of the methylation class "spinal ependymoma" (SP-EPN) represent the most common intramedullary neoplasms in children and adults. However, their developmental origin is ill-defined, molecular data are scarce, and the potential heterogeneity within SP-EPN remains unexplored. The only known recurrent genetic events in SP-EPN are loss of chromosome 22q and NF2 mutations, but neither types and frequency of these alterations nor their clinical relevance have been described in a large, epigenetically defined series. Transcriptomic (n = 72), epigenetic (n = 225), genetic (n = 134), and clinical data (n = 112) were integrated for a detailed molecular overview on SP-EPN. Additionally, we mapped SP-EPN transcriptomes to developmental atlases of the developing and adult spinal cord to uncover potential developmental origins of these tumors. The integration of transcriptomic ependymoma data with single-cell atlases of the spinal cord revealed that SP-EPN display the highest similarities to mature adult ependymal cells. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of transcriptomic data together with integrated analysis of methylation profiles identified two molecular SP-EPN subtypes. Subtype A tumors primarily carried previously known germline or sporadic NF2 mutations together with 22q loss (bi-allelic NF2 loss), resulting in decreased NF2 expression. Furthermore, they more often presented as multilocular disease and demonstrated a significantly reduced progression-free survival as compared to SP-EP subtype B. In contrast, subtype B predominantly contained samples without NF2 mutation detected in sequencing together with 22q loss (monoallelic NF2 loss). These tumors showed regular NF2 expression but more extensive global copy number alterations. Based on integrated molecular profiling of a large multi-center cohort, we identified two distinct SP-EPN subtypes with important implications for genetic counseling, patient surveillance, and drug development priorities.
Collapse
|
3
|
Yan M, Wang W, Speth U, Kluwe L, Fuest S, Gosau M, Smeets R, Feng HC, Friedrich RE. Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cell Populations in the Teeth of Patients With Neurofibromatosis Type 1 - Therapeutic Potential for Bone Tissue Engineering. In Vivo 2023; 37:548-558. [PMID: 36881087 PMCID: PMC10026680 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Neurofibromas (NF) are the most common benign nerve sheath tumors in the tongue, gingiva, major salivary glands, and jaw bones. Nowadays, tissue engineering is a revolutionary technique for reconstructing tissues. To explore the feasibility of using stem cells derived from NF teeth to treat orofacial bone defects, the differences in cell biological properties between an NF teeth group and Normal teeth group. PATIENTS AND METHODS The intra-dental pulp tissues from each tooth were extracted. The cell survival rates, morphology, proliferation rates, cell activity, and differentiation abilities were contrastively analyzed between the NF teeth group and Normal teeth group. RESULTS Between the two groups, there were no differences in the primary generation (P0) cells (p>0.05), the cell yield, and the time required for the cells to grow out of the pulp tissue and attach to the culture plate. Furthermore, no differences were found at the first generation (passage) between the two groups in colony formation rate and cell survival rate. The proliferation capacity, cell growth curve, and surface marker expression of dental pulp cells was not altered in the third generation (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Dental pulp stem cells from NF teeth were successfully obtained and were not different from normal dental pulp stem cells. Although, clinical research using tissue-engineered bone to repair bone defects is still in its infancy, it will eventually enter the clinic and become a routine means of bone defect reconstruction treatment as related disciplines and technologies develop.
Collapse
|
4
|
Magallón-Lorenz M, Terribas E, Ortega-Bertran S, Creus-Bachiller E, Fernández M, Requena G, Rosas I, Mazuelas H, Uriarte-Arrazola I, Negro A, Lausová T, Castellanos E, Blanco I, DeVries G, Kawashima H, Legius E, Brems H, Mautner V, Kluwe L, Ratner N, Wallace M, Fernández-Rodriguez J, Lázaro C, Fletcher JA, Reuss D, Carrió M, Gel B, Serra E. Deep genomic analysis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cell lines challenges current malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor diagnosis. iScience 2023; 26:106096. [PMID: 36818284 PMCID: PMC9929861 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are soft-tissue sarcomas of the peripheral nervous system that develop either sporadically or in the context of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). MPNST diagnosis can be challenging and treatment outcomes are poor. We present here a resource consisting of the genomic characterization of 9 widely used human MPNST cell lines for their use in translational research. NF1-related cell lines recapitulated primary MPNST copy number profiles, exhibited NF1, CDKN2A, and SUZ12/EED tumor suppressor gene (TSG) inactivation, and presented no gain-of-function mutations. In contrast, sporadic cell lines collectively displayed different TSG inactivation patterns and presented kinase-activating mutations, fusion genes, altered mutational frequencies and COSMIC signatures, and different methylome-based classifications. Cell lines re-classified as melanomas and other sarcomas exhibited a different drug-treatment response. Deep genomic analysis, methylome-based classification, and cell-identity marker expression, challenged the identity of common MPNST cell lines, opening an opportunity to revise MPNST differential diagnosis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kluwe L, Scholze C, Schmidberg LM, Wichmann JL, Gemkov M, Keller MJ, Farschtschi SC. Medical Cannabis Alleviates Chronic Neuropathic Pain Effectively and Sustainably without Severe Adverse Effect: A Retrospective Study on 99 Cases. Med Cannabis Cannabinoids 2023; 6:89-96. [PMID: 37900896 PMCID: PMC10601926 DOI: 10.1159/000531667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Medical cannabis may provide a treatment option for chronic neuropathic pain. However, empirical disease-specific data are scarce. Methods This is a retrospective observational study including 99 patients with chronic neuropathic pain. These patients received medical cannabis by means of inhaling dried flowers with tetrahydrocannabinol content of <12-22% at a maximal daily dose of 0.15-1 g. Up to six follow-ups were carried out at intervals of 4-6 weeks. Pain severity, sleep disturbance, general improvement, side effects, and therapy tolerance at the follow-up consultations were assessed in interviews and compared with the baseline data using non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results Within 6 weeks on the therapy, median of the pain scores decreased significantly from 7.5 to 4.0 (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients with severe pain (score >6) decreased from 96% to 16% (p < 0.001). Sleep disturbance was significantly improved with the median of the scores decreased from 8.0 to 2.0 (p < 0.001). These improvements were sustained over a period of up to 6 months. There were no severe adverse events reported. Mild side effects reported were dryness in mucous tissue (5.4%), fatigue (4.8%), and increased appetite (2.7%). Therapy tolerance was reported in 91% of the interviews. Conclusion Medical cannabis is safe and highly effective for treating neuropathic pain and concomitant sleep disturbance.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ahmadi P, Yan M, Bauche A, Smeets R, Müller CE, Koch-Nolte F, Haag F, Fliegert R, Kluwe L, Wiesch JSZ, Hartjen P. Human dental pulp cells modulate CD8+ T cell proliferation and efficiently degrade extracellular ATP to adenosine in vitro. Cell Immunol 2022; 380:104589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
7
|
Neyazi S, Yamazawa E, Kresbach C, Nagae G, Eckhardt A, Umeda T, Pohl L, Tatsuno K, Saygi C, Hana T, Alawi M, Kim P, Dorostkar MM, Higuchi F, Suwala AK, Takami T, Wefers A, Nakanishi Y, Schweizer L, Takai K, Engertsberger L, Komori T, Mohme T, Takami H, Mynarek M, Nomura M, Lamszus K, Mukasa A, Kluwe L, Takayanagi S, von Deimling A, Ishii K, Benesch M, Imai H, Snuderl M, Frank S, Ichimura K, Hagel C, Mautner VF, Rutkowski S, Tanaka S, Aburatani H, Nobuhito S, Schüller U. EPEN-27. Epigenetic dissection of spinal ependymomas (SP-EPN) separates tumors with and without NF2 mutation. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9165023 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac079.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ependymomas encompass multiple, clinically relevant tumor types based on localization, genetic alterations, and epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles. Tumors belonging to the methylation class of spinal ependymoma (SP-EPN) represent the most common intramedullary neoplasms in children and adults. However, molecular data of SP-EPN are scarce, and clear treatment recommendations are lacking. The only known recurrent genetic events in SP-EPN are loss of chromosome 22q and NF2 mutations. Yet, it remains unclear whether SP-EPN with germline or sporadic NF2 mutations or with NF2 wild type status differ clinically or molecularly. To provide a comprehensive molecular profile of SP-EPN, we integrated epigenetic, genomic, transcriptomic, and histological analyses of up to 237 cases. Clustering of methylation data revealed two distinct molecular SP-EPN subtypes. The distribution of NF2 mutated cases differed significantly across these subtypes (p <0.0001): The vast majority of tumors harboring either a previously known NF2 germline mutation or a sporadic mutation were assigned to subtypes A, whereas subtype B tumors mainly contained NF2 wild type sequences. In addition, subtype A tumors showed a lower frequency of MGMT promoter methylation (p= 0.018) and contained almost all pediatric patients of the cohort. Whole-exome sequencing (30 cases) identified numerous mutations in NF2 wild type and mutated tumors. Mutated genes in NF2 wild type tumors were enriched for genes associated with cell cycle and cytoskeleton. RNA sequencing revealed two distinct transcriptional groups with upregulation of proliferative genes in one group and upregulation of cilial genes in the other group. The molecular subtypes displayed subtle, but significant differences in the appearance of histopathological characteristics, such as surfaces, inflammation, and hyalinized vessels. Investigation of clinical parameters is ongoing and will complete the picture of SP-EPN heterogeneity as an important basis for future clinical decision-making.
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo L, Zou Z, Smeets R, Kluwe L, Hartjen P, Gosau M, Henningsen A. Attachment and Osteogenic Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Non-Thermal Plasma and UV Light Treated Titanium, Zirconia and Modified PEEK Surfaces. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062225. [PMID: 35329678 PMCID: PMC8950369 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) light and non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment are chairside methods that can efficiently improve the biological aging of implant material surfaces caused by customary storage. However, the behaviors of stem cells on these treated surfaces of the implant are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UV light and NTP treated surfaces of titanium, zirconia and modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK, BioHPP) on the attachment and osteogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro. Machined disks were treated using UV light and argon or oxygen NTP for 12 min each. Untreated disks were set as controls. DPSCs were cultured from the wisdom teeth of adults that gave informed consent. After 24 h of incubation, the attachment and viability of cells on surfaces were assessed. Cells were further osteogenically induced, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected via a p-Nitrophenyl phosphate assay (day 14 and 21) and mineralization degree was measured using a Calcium Assay kit (day 21). UV light and NTP treated titanium, zirconia and BioHPP surfaces improved the early attachment and viability of DPSCs. ALP activity and mineralization degree of osteoinductive DPSCs were significantly increased on UV light and NTP treated surfaces of titanium, zirconia and also oxygen plasma treated Bio-HPP (p < 0.05). In conclusion, UV light and NTP treatments may improve the attachment of DPSCs on titanium, zirconia and BioHPP surfaces. Osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs can be enhanced on UV light and NTP treated surfaces of titanium and zirconia, as well as on oxygen plasma treated Bio-HPP.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yan M, Hartjen P, Gosau M, Vollkommer T, Grust ALC, Fuest S, Kluwe L, Burg S, Smeets R, Henningsen A. Effects of a Novel Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment of Titanium on the Proliferation and Adhesion Behavior of Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010420. [PMID: 35008846 PMCID: PMC8745755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold plasma treatment increases the hydrophilicity of the surfaces of implants and may enhance their integration with the surrounding tissues. The implaPrep prototype device from Relyon Plasma generates cold atmospheric plasma via dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). In this study, titanium surfaces were treated with the implaPrep device for 20 s and assessed as a cell culture surface for fibroblasts. One day after seeding, significantly more cells were counted on the surfaces treated with cold plasma than on the untreated control titanium surface. Additionally, the viability assay revealed significantly higher viability on the treated surfaces. Morphological observation of the cells showed certain differences between the treated and untreated titanium surfaces. While conventional plasma devices require compressed gas, such as oxygen or argon, the implaPrep device uses atmospheric air as the gas source. It is, therefore, compact in size and simple to handle, and may provide a safe and convenient tool for treating the surfaces of dental implants, which may further improve the implantation outcome.
Collapse
|
10
|
Al-Kershi S, Kresbach C, Pohl L, Dorostkar MM, Suwala AK, Wefers AK, Schweizer L, Engertsberger L, Mohme T, Mynarek M, Lamszus K, Kluwe L, von Deimling A, Benesch M, Hagel C, Mautner V, Rutkowski S, Schüller U. PATH-34. MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL HETEROGENEITY WITHIN SPINAL EPENDYMOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Ependymomas encompass multiple clinically relevant tumor types based on localization, genetic alterations, as well as epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles. Distinct global DNA methylation signatures serve as the most powerful diagnostic tool to distinguish these types. The methylation class of spinal ependymomas (SP-EPN) comprises mostly WHO°II tumors with slow progression and incomplete surgical resection rate. Molecular data of SP-EPN are scarce and clear treatment recommendations are lacking although these neoplasms represent the most common intramedullary tumors in children and adults. The only known recurrent genetic events in SP-EPN are the loss of chromosome 22q and mutations of the NF2 gene. However, data on the frequency of NF2 mutations range from 16 % to 71 % and originate from small series that lack epigenetic or transcriptomic characterization. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether SP-EPN with germline or sporadic NF2 mutation or with NF2 wild type status display clinical and other molecular differences. Finally, the underlying genomic and transcriptomic changes of SP-EPN without NF2 mutations are fully unclear. To provide a comprehensive molecular profile of SP-EPN, we integrated genomic and epigenetic analyses and clinical data of 170 cases. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering and t-SNE analyses of methylation data revealed three distinct molecular SP-EPN subtypes. Of the three subtypes, only subtype 1 and subtype 2 contained tumors with NF2 mutations, either as previously known germline mutations or as sporadic mutations without evidence for a syndromic disease (p< 0.0001). Besides the lack of NF2 mutations, subtype 3 tumors showed a higher frequency of MGMT promoter methylation (p= 0.0015) and occurred in significantly older patients compared to tumors of subtypes 1 and 2 (p= 0.0038). Further investigations such as whole-exome sequencing, copy number variation profiling, gene expression analysis, and histological evaluation are ongoing and will add to the picture of molecular and clinical heterogeneity within SP-EPN.
Collapse
|
11
|
Elazezy M, Prieske K, Kluwe L, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Peine S, Müller V, Woelber L, Schmalfeldt B, Pantel K, Joosse SA. BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation on circulating tumor DNA correlates with improved survival of patients with ovarian cancer. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:3615-3625. [PMID: 34601813 PMCID: PMC8637552 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation of the BRCA1 promoter is an epigenetic gene expression regulator and is frequently observed in ovarian cancer; however, conversion of methylation status is thought to drive disease recurrence. Therefore, longitudinal monitoring of methylation status by liquid biopsy in cell‐free DNA may be a predictive marker. In total, 135 plasma samples were collected from 69 ovarian cancer patients before and during systemic treatment. Our liquid biopsy assay could detect down to a single molecule of methylated DNA in a high background of normal DNA (0.03%) with perfect specificity in control samples. We found that 60% of the cancer patients exhibited BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation at one point, although 24% lost hypermethylation during treatment. Multivariate survival analyses indicate that relapses are independent events and that hypermethylation and methylation conversion are independently correlated to longer relapse‐free survival. We present a highly sensitive and specific methylation‐specific quantitative PCR‐based liquid biopsy assay. BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation is frequently found in ovarian cancer and is often reversed upon recurrence, indicating the selection of therapy‐resistant clones and unfavorable clinical outcome.
Collapse
|
12
|
Klatt JC, Sorowka T, Kluwe L, Smeets R, Gosau M, Hanken H. Does a preoperative cone beam CT reduce complication rates in the surgical removal of complex lower third molars? A retrospective study including 486 cases. Head Face Med 2021; 17:33. [PMID: 34389020 PMCID: PMC8364039 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKROUND This study was designed to analyse the value of preoperative Cone Beam CTs (CBCT) prior to the surgical removal of complex lower third molars. Furthermore, the aim was to assess injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) bundle and postoperative neurological disorders depending on the position of the lower third molar and the inferior alveolar nerve bundle. METHODS In this retrospective examination preoperative Cone Beam CTs and Orthopantomographs (OPT) of 324 patients were analysed concerning the location of the lower third molars in relation to the mandible and the inferior alveolar nerve bundle. Surgery protocols of all patients who underwent the surgical removal of at least one complex lower third molar were analysed concerning patient data, length of surgery, intraoperative haemorrhage, intraoperative exposure of the inferior alveolar nerve bundle, postoperative swelling and postoperative neurological disorders. The data was then compared to data from international studies. RESULTS In all 324 patients a permanent neurological damage was not found. Temporary neurological damage was recorded in 13 cases (2.6%). A caudal nerve position with no measurable distance to the root of the lower third molar was associated with the highest risk of a temporal neurological damage. A vestibular touching nerve route also correlated with postoperative sensitivity impairment. If a mesioangulation (Winter) or a Pell and Gregory Type IIIC appears in the OPT, risk of neurological damage is at its highest. CONCLUSIONS Three-dimensional radiographic imaging, in our patient group, does not significantly affect the risk for complications during the surgical removal of complex lower third molars. Therefore, it should only be utilized for risk assessment, especially in cases of symptom-free lower third molars. A preoperative orthopantomogram still can be accepted as standard for radiographic imaging. An intraoperative exposure of the IAN bundle does not necessarily predict simultaneous neurological damage. Exposure of the IAN bundle is no indication for a discontinuation of the surgery.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhao Y, Yan M, Mautner V, Smeets R, Gosau M, Kluwe L, Friedrich RE. Calcipotriol Enhances Efficacy of Imatinib and Nilotinib on Cells Derived from Plexiform Neurofibroma. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:3293-3298. [PMID: 34230124 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are benign tumors composed mainly of tumorous Schwann cells and non-tumorous fibroblasts. This study examined the possible enhancing effect of vitamin D on the efficacy of drugs used for the treatment of PNF in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paired Schwann cells and fibroblasts were cultured from 10 PNFs and treated with imatinib and nilotinib in the absence and presence of calcipotriol, an analogue of the active metabolite of vitamin D. IC50 values for cell proliferation were calculated. RESULTS Calcipotriol reduced the IC50 of the two drugs in both tumorous Schwann cells and non-tumorous fibroblasts by 40 to 45%. CONCLUSION Calcipotriol enhanced the efficacy of imatinib and nilotinib on PNF-derived cells in vitro, though rather non-specifically. Nevertheless, sustaining vitamin D at 100-200 nM, the physiological range, may be beneficial for reducing the dose of drugs without scarifying efficacy.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zheng Y, Jiang LI, Yan M, Gosau M, Smeets R, Kluwe L, Friedrich RE. Optimizing Conditions for Spheroid Formation of Dental Pulp Cells in Cell Culture. In Vivo 2021; 35:1965-1972. [PMID: 34182470 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Spheroid formation is a well-known feature of stem/progenitor cells. Dental pulp cells (DPCs) cultured in serum-free medium can also form spheroids. However, the success rate varies largely depending on various factors. This study aimed to explore these factors and optimize the conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary DPCs were obtained from 6 wisdom teeth. Possible influencing factors including donor teeth, concentrations of the KnockOut Serum Replacement (KSR), seeding density (regarding surface and volume), passage and freezing were tested. RESULTS DPCs from all 6 donor teeth formed spheroids in serum-free medium. Number, size, and total area of spheroids varied among different donor teeth. Optimal concentration of the KSR and seeding densities also varied from tooth to tooth. Generally, high KSR and high cell density lead to better spheroid formation. However, very high KSR and cell density can also lead to cell death and the fusion of spheroids to irregular aggregates. CONCLUSION An initial setting can be recommended as: Serum-free MEM plus 10-15% KSR and seeding densities of 1-2×105 cells/ml and 2×105 cells/cm2 These parameters provide a direction for optimizing the condition for obtaining spheroids from human DPCs.
Collapse
|
15
|
Well L, Döbel K, Kluwe L, Bannas P, Farschtschi S, Adam G, Mautner VF, Salamon J. Genotype-phenotype correlation in neurofibromatosis type-1: NF1 whole gene deletions lead to high tumor-burden and increased tumor-growth. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009517. [PMID: 33951044 PMCID: PMC8099117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1) patients suffer from cutaneous and subcutaneous neurofibromas (CNF) and large plexiform neurofibromas (PNF). Whole gene deletions of the NF1 gene can cause a more severe phenotype compared to smaller intragenic changes. Two distinct groups of NF1 whole gene deletions are type-1 deletions and atypical deletions. Our aim was to assess volumes and averaged annual growth-rates of CNF and PNF in patients with NF1 whole gene deletions and to compare these with NF1 patients without large deletions of the NF1 gene. We retrospectively evaluated 140 whole-body MR examinations of 38 patients with NF1 whole gene deletions (type-1 group: n = 27/atypical group n = 11) and an age- and sex matched collective of 38 NF1-patients. Age-dependent subgroups were created (0-18 vs >18 years). Sixty-four patients received follow-up MRI examinations (NF1whole gene deletion n = 32/control group n = 32). Whole-body tumor-volumes were semi-automatically assessed (MedX, V3.42). Tumor volumes and averaged annual growth-rates were compared. Median tumor-burden was significantly higher in the type-1 group (418ml; IQR 77 - 950ml, p = 0.012) but not in the atypical group (356ml;IQR 140-1190ml, p = 0.099) when compared to the controls (49ml; IQR 11-691ml). Averaged annual growth rates were significantly higher in both the type-1 group (14%/year; IQR 45-36%/year, p = 0.004) and atypical group (11%/year; IQR 5-23%/year, p = 0.014) compared to the controls (4%/year; IQR1-8%/year). Averaged annual growth rates were significantly higher in pediatric patients with type-1 deletions (21%/year) compared with adult patients (8%/year, p = 0.014) and also compared with pediatric patients without large deletions of the NF1 gene (3.3%/year, p = 0.0015). NF1 whole gene deletions cause a more severe phenotype of NF1 with higher tumor burden and higher growth-rates compared to NF1 patients without large deletions of the NF1 gene. In particular, pediatric patients with type-1 deletions display a pronounced tumor growth.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yan M, Nada OA, Smeets R, Gosau M, Friedrich RE, Kluwe L. Compare features of human dental pulp cells cultured from pulp tissues with and without cryopreservation. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020; 165:445-451. [PMID: 33325456 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2020.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Teeth extracted are usually disposed as bio-waste whereas they could serve as an autologous tissue for culturing multipotent dental pulp cells which have application potential in regenerative medicine. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of cryopreserving dental pulp tissue at teeth extraction for later culturing of cells. METHODS The pulp tissue from each of a total of 10 teeth was cut into small fragments which were then divided into two portions. One portion was directly used for culturing pulp cells using the explant method. The other portion was cryopreserved with 10% DMSO in liquid nitrogen for at least one month and then thawed for culturing pulp cells. RESULTS Vital cells were obtained from all the 10 pulp fragment suspensions which went through cryopreservation. The cell outgrowth from the explants of cryopreserved pulp fragments was two days later than that of corresponding fresh pulp tissue. Otherwise, no difference was observed in proliferation, expression of stem cell markers and differentiation into adipose cells and osteoblasts between the two groups of cells cultured from the fresh or the cryopreserved pulp fragments. CONCLUSIONS Cryopreserving fragmented dental pulp tissue provides a feasible option for saving pulp tissues as autologous cell sources for possible later application.
Collapse
|
17
|
Soave A, Kluwe L, Yu H, Rink M, Gild P, Vetterlein MW, Marks P, Sauter G, Fisch M, Meyer CP, Ludwig T, Dahlem R, Minner S, Pantel K, Steinbach B, Schwarzenbach H. Copy number variations in primary tumor, serum and lymph node metastasis of bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21562. [PMID: 33298978 PMCID: PMC7725833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75869-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze copy number variations (CNV) of multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in genomic DNA from primary tumor tissue, lymph node metastasis and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from serum of 72 urothelial carcinoma of bladder (UCB) patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC), using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). We hypothesized that primary tumor and lymph node metastasis show similar CNV profiles, and CNV are more present in lymph node metastasis compared to primary tumor tissue. Samples from 43 (59.7%) patients could be analyzed. In total, 35 (83%), 26 (68%) and 8 (42%) patients had CNV in primary tumor, serum and lymph node metastasis, respectively. MYC, CCND1, ERBB2 and CCNE1 displayed the most frequent amplifications. In particular, CNV in ERBB2 was associated with aggressive tumor characteristics. CNV in both ERBB2 and TOP2A were risk factors for disease recurrence. The current findings show that CNV are present in various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in genomic DNA from primary tumor, lymph node metastasis and cfDNA from serum. CNV were more present in genomic DNA from primary tumor tissue compared to cfDNA from serum and genomic DNA from lymph node metastasis. Patients with CNV in ERBB2 and TOP2A are at increased risk for disease recurrence following RC. Further studies are necessary to validate, whether these genes may represent promising candidates for targeted-therapy.
Collapse
|
18
|
Kluwe L, Mautner VF. Empirically downgrading 10 constitutional missense variants of the NF1 gene based on co-existing truncating variants. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:602-603. [PMID: 33231931 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
Li S, Cong C, Liu Y, Liu X, Kluwe L, Shan X, Liu H, Gao M, Zhao L, Gao X, Xu L. Tiao Geng decoction for treating menopausal syndrome exhibits anti-aging effects likely via suppressing ASK1/MKK7/JNK mediated apoptosis in ovariectomized rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113061. [PMID: 32525065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE TG-decoction (Tiao Geng decoction) is the extract of a Chinese herb mixture that has been used for treating menopausal symptoms for over 30 years. We have previously reported anti-aging and anti-oxidative effects of the TG-decoction on hypothalamic neurons in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study further investigates the effects of TG-decoction on the prevention of aging-related ultrastructural changes in menopausal hypothalamic neurons and the likely molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 four-month-old female SPF Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups. Five groups were ovariectomized (OVX) and one group served as a sham control. Three OVX groups received TG-decoction at three different doses. The remaining two OVX groups served as positive and negative controls by receiving estradiol valerate and saline solution. The sham group received saline. After one month, aging-related ultrastructural alterations in hypothalamic neurons were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. Nissl staining was used to assess the pathomorphological changes of the hypothalamic neurons. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL. Expression of Bcl-2 family genes was studied using qRT-PCR. Expression of the apoptosis-related proteins ASK1, MKK7, JNK, c-Jun, Bax, Casp3 and Bcl-2 was studied using western blotting. RESULTS Ovariectomy of female rats led to visible damage and aging-like alterations in the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum as well as large deposits of lipofuscin in hypothalamic tissue. TG-decoction treatment prevented this visible damage and lipofuscin deposition, increased the number of nerve cells and normally-shaped Nissl bodies, and reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Expression of Bcl-2 gene was increased, while Bax gene reduced. Expression of the proteins ASK1, MKK7, JNK, c-Jun, Bax and Casp3 was reduced, while that of Bcl-2 was increased. CONCLUSION TG-decoction reduces aging-related ultrastructural changes in hypothalamic neurons, likely by suppressing ASK1/MKK7/JNK-mediated apoptosis in neuronal mitochondria or nuclei.
Collapse
|
20
|
Kehrer-Sawatzki H, Kluwe L, Salamon J, Well L, Farschtschi S, Rosenbaum T, Mautner VF. Clinical characterization of children and adolescents with NF1 microdeletions. Childs Nerv Syst 2020; 36:2297-2310. [PMID: 32533297 PMCID: PMC7575500 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04717-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE An estimated 5-11% of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) harbour NF1 microdeletions encompassing the NF1 gene and its flanking regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical phenotype in children and adolescents with NF1 microdeletions. METHODS We retrospectively analysed 30 children and adolescents with NF1 microdeletions pertaining to externally visible neurofibromas. The internal tumour load was determined by volumetry of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 20 children and adolescents with NF1 microdeletions. Furthermore, the prevalence of global developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were evaluated. RESULTS Children and adolescents with NF1 microdeletions had significantly more often cutaneous, subcutaneous and externally visible plexiform neurofibromas than age-matched patients with intragenic NF1 mutations. Internal neurofibromas were detected in all 20 children and adolescents with NF1 microdeletions analysed by whole-body MRI. By contrast, only 17 (61%) of 28 age-matched NF1 patients without microdeletions had internal tumours. The total internal tumour load was significantly higher in NF1 microdeletion patients than in NF1 patients without microdeletions. Global developmental delay was observed in 28 (93%) of 30 children with NF1 microdeletions investigated. The mean full-scale intelligence quotient in our patient group was 77.7 which is significantly lower than that of patients with intragenic NF1 mutations. ADHD was diagnosed in 15 (88%) of 17 children and adolescents with NF1 microdeletion. Furthermore, 17 (71%) of the 24 patients investigated had T-scores ≥ 60 up to 75, indicative of mild to moderate autistic symptoms, which are consequently significantly more frequent in patients with NF1 microdeletions than in the general NF1 population. Also, the mean total T-score was significantly higher in patients with NF1 microdeletions than in the general NF1 population. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that already at a very young age, NF1 microdeletions patients frequently exhibit a severe disease manifestation which requires specialized long-term clinical care.
Collapse
|
21
|
Birkelbach MA, Smeets R, Fiedler I, Kluwe L, Wehner M, Trebst T, Hartjen P. In Vitro Feasibility Analysis of a New Sutureless Wound-Closure System Based on a Temperature-Regulated Laser and a Transparent Collagen Membrane for Laser Tissue Soldering (LTS). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197104. [PMID: 32993100 PMCID: PMC7582393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For the post-surgical treatment of oral wounds and mucosal defects beyond a certain size, the gold standard is still an autologous skin or mucosal graft in combination with complex suturing techniques. A variety of techniques and biomaterials has been developed for sutureless wound closure including different tissue glues or collagen patches. However, no wound covering that enables for sutureless fixation has yet been introduced. Thus, a new system was developed that allows for sutureless wound covering including a transparent collagen membrane, which can be attached to the mucosa using a specially modified 2λ laser beam with integrated temperature sensors and serum albumin as bio-adhesive. The sutureless wound closure system was tested for its applicability and its cytocompatibility by an established in vitro model in the present study. The feasibility of the laser system was tested ex vivo on a porcine palate. The in vitro cytocompatibility tests excluded the potential release of toxic substances from the laser-irradiated collagen membrane and the bio-adhesive. The results of the ex vivo feasibility study using a porcine palate revealed satisfactory mean tensile strength of 1.2–1.5 N for the bonding of the membrane to the tissue fixed with laser of 980 nm. The results suggest that our newly developed laser-assisted wound closure system is a feasible approach and could be a first step on the way towards a laser based sutureless clinical application in tissue repair and oral surgery.
Collapse
|
22
|
Yan M, Kluwe L, Friedrich RE, Li X, Ren G, Smeets R, Gosau M, Liu X. Inducing differentiation of human dental pulp cells toward acinar-lineage. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:5781-5788. [PMID: 33042457 PMCID: PMC7540163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To induce acinar-differentiation from human dental pulp cells for potential application in aiding treatment of dry-eye syndromes. METHOD Human dental pulp cells were co-cultured with human submandibular gland acinar cells using a transwell construction for 2 weeks. The two populations of cells were physically separated while chemical and biochemical components can be exchanged. Fibroblasts were included as a negative control. Expression of amylase, cytokeratin 8 and vimentin were examined by immune-staining. Amylase activity was measured using an AMS Assay Kit. RESULT Cobblestone-like islands, a feature of acinar cells, appeared in the dental pulp cells which were co-cultured with salivary gland cells for one week and increased in number and size after two weeks. Antibody detected amylase in 30 and 50% of the pulp cells 1 and 2 weeks in the co-culture, respectively. Cytokeratin 8 increased while vimentin decreased. All these changes indicate an acinar-like differentiation of the dental pulp cells. None of these changes were observed in fibroblasts which were also co-cultured with salivary gland cells, indicating that the acinar-like differentiation is specific for the dental pulp cells. Neither of the changes were observed in dental pulp cells when not co-cultured with the salivary gland cells, indicating that induction is specific and essential. CONCLUSIONS Human dental pulp cells have the potential to differentiate into acinar-like cells which may provide an autologous source for cellular therapy for dry-eye syndromes.
Collapse
|
23
|
Yan M, Nada OA, Kluwe L, Gosau M, Smeets R, Friedrich RE. Expansion of Human Dental Pulp Cells In Vitro Under Different Cryopreservation Conditions. In Vivo 2020; 34:2363-2370. [PMID: 32871761 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To optimize the expansion of human dental pulp cells in vitro by exploring several cryopreservation methodologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The intra-dental pulp tissues from healthy subjects were extracted and divided into three separate tissue segments, which were randomly divided into the three following groups; the fresh group, the 5% DMSO group, and the 10% DMSO group. In the fresh group, dental pulp cells were directly cultivated as primary cultures, whereas in the DMSO groups, the dental pulp cells were cultivated from cryopreserved pulp tissue segments one month later. RESULTS The cell yield and the time it took for the cells to grow out of the pulp tissue and attach to the culture plate varied among the three groups; the 5% DMSO group was inferior to the fresh group but superior to the 10% DMSO group (p<0.05). Moreover, no differences were found at the 1st passage amongst the three groups regarding the following aspects (p>0.05); colony formation rate and cell survival rate. Furthermore, no differences were noted at the 3rd passage regarding the following aspects (p>0.05); proliferation ability, cell growth curve and surface marker expression of dental pulp cells. CONCLUSION Five percent DMSO may be the most optimal condition for tissue storage to preserve stem cells in situ.
Collapse
|
24
|
Gugel I, Grimm F, Zipfel J, Teuber C, Ernemann U, Kluwe L, Tatagiba M, Mautner VF, Schuhmann MU. Age at Onset and Presenting Symptoms of Neurofibromatosis Type 2 as Prognostic Factors for Clinical Course of Vestibular Schwannomas. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092355. [PMID: 32825434 PMCID: PMC7563356 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The presenting symptoms of the tumor suppressor gene syndrome neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) are often non-specific and unrelated to the disease hallmark bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS). However, age at onset and presenting symptoms may have predictive values for the clinical course of VS. In this retrospective single-center study, we addressed this issue by reviewing 106 patients with 194 VS. Presenting symptoms attributable to VS commonly occur in 87% of adults and 31% of children. Age at onset significantly correlates with tumor volumes at presentation (p = 0.034). In addition, age at onset significantly correlates with pure-tone average (p = 0.0001), speech discrimination scores (p = 0.001), age at beginning of hearing loss (p = 0.0001), age at deafness (p = 0.0001), and age at first surgery (p = 0.0001). Patients presenting with VS related symptoms had significantly (p < 0.05) worse hearing values at presentation and after surgery. These patients also exhibited higher growth rates and tumor volumes compared to patients with non-VS related presenting symptoms, but this difference did not reach the significance level of p < 0.05. Due to the late appearance of these symptoms, the time of beginning hearing loss, surgery and deafness is significantly delayed (p < 0.05) compared to patients not presenting with VS. In summary, age at onset and type of presenting symptom provide excellent prognostic parameters for predicting VS- and hearing-related clinical course.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zou Z, Guo L, Ahmadi P, Hartjen P, Gosau M, Smeets R, Kluwe L. Two simple and inexpensive methods for preparing DNA suitable for digital PCR from a small number of cells in 96-well plates. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 35:e23513. [PMID: 32761657 PMCID: PMC7843281 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although DNA of high quality can be easily prepared from cultured cells with commercially available kits, many studies involve a large number of samples which increases the cost drastically. We optimized two simple and inexpensive methods for preparing DNA suitable for digital PCR from a small number of cells directly from wells of 96‐well plates. Methods Cells (number: 103‐104) were lysed with a Direct PCR® lysis buffer or a 10% Chelex100® solution. The lysates were further purified and concentrated by means of DNA precipitation with a blue‐colored glycogen as a carrier. PCR and digital PCR were used to evaluate the efficiency of the two methods. Results For 1000 cells from one primary culture and two tumor cell lines, DNA was reproducible and obtained with recovery rate (obtained/expected amount of DNA) in the range of 50%‐90% as measured by the fluorometer dyes instrument Qubit. Using 8 out of a total of 10 µL DNA solution for 1000 cells, both conventional PCR and digital PCR were successful. For digital PCR, more than 1600 positive droplets were obtained for DNA from 1000 cells using the Direct PCR® method, corresponding to a yield efficiency of approximately 80%. Further reducing the number of cells down to 100 would be possible with 160 positive droplets expected. Both reagents are inexpensive (0.08€/sample). Conclusions Two methods are efficient, especially the Direct PCR® reagent‐based method provides a simple and inexpensive method for preparing DNA suitable for digital PCR from small number of cells.
Collapse
|