3826
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Pardridge WM, Vinters HV, Yang J, Eisenberg J, Choi TB, Tourtellotte WW, Huebner V, Shively JE. Amyloid angiopathy of Alzheimer's disease: amino acid composition and partial sequence of a 4,200-dalton peptide isolated from cortical microvessels. J Neurochem 1987; 49:1394-401. [PMID: 3312495 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb01005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The cardinal lesions of Alzheimer's disease are neurofibrillary tangles, senile neuritic plaques, and vascular amyloid, the latter generally involving cortical arteries and small arterioles. All three lesions are composed of amyloid-like, beta-pleated sheet fibrils. Recently, a 4,200-dalton peptide has been isolated from extraparenchymal meningeal vessels, neuritic plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. The assumption of N-terminal homogeneity in vascular amyloid has been used as an argument for a neuronal (versus blood) origin of the peptide. However, intracortical microvessels from Alzheimer's disease have not been previously isolated. The present studies describe the isolation of a microvessel fraction from Alzheimer's disease and control fresh autopsy human brain. Alzheimer's disease isolated brain microvessels that were extensively laden with amyloid and control microvessels were solubilized in 90% formic acid and analyzed by urea sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The arteriole fraction from the Alzheimer's subject with extensive amyloid angiopathy contained a unique 4,200-dalton peptide, whereas the arterioles or capillaries isolated from two controls and two Alzheimer's disease subjects without angiopathy did not. This peptide was purified by HPLC and amino acid composition analysis showed the peptide is nearly identical to the 4,200-dalton peptide recently isolated from neuritic plaques or from neurofibrillary tangles. Sequence analysis revealed N-terminal heterogeneity. The N-terminal sequence was: Asp-Ala-Glu-Phe-Arg-His-Asp-Ser-Gly-Tyr, which is identical to the N-terminal sequence of the 4,200-dalton peptide isolated previously from extraparenchymal meningeal vessels and neuritic plaques.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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3827
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Yang J, Chen SP, Ke MY. [Calcium-channel blockers and the digestive system]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 1987; 26:610-2. [PMID: 3325247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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3828
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Yang J, Pittard J. Molecular analysis of the regulatory region of the Escherichia coli K-12 tyrB gene. J Bacteriol 1987; 169:4710-5. [PMID: 3308851 PMCID: PMC213844 DOI: 10.1128/jb.169.10.4710-4715.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tyrB gene from Escherichia coli K-12 was cloned and sequenced, and the transcriptional start point of tyrB was determined by primer extension. By using a fusion plasmid in which the lacZ structural gene is transcribed from the tyrB promoter, it was shown that the expression of tyrB is controlled at the transcriptional level by the TyrR protein, with tyrosine as corepressor. The fusion plasmid was used to isolate mutants in which the repression of tyrB had been abolished. The tyrB promoter-operator region of these mutants was sequenced, and the tyrB operator was identified. A comparison between the tyrB operator and those of the other genes belonging to the tyrR regulon is presented.
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3829
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Qiu JM, Li H, Huang FQ, Yang J, Yin YM, Liu XL, Wang XY. Effect of prostaglandin E2 on experimental atherosclerosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 1987; 100:703-8. [PMID: 3127142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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3830
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Proctor EM, Wong Q, Yang J, Keystone JS. The electrophoretic isoenzyme patterns of strains of Entamoeba histolytica isolated in two major cities in Canada. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1987; 37:296-301. [PMID: 2889385 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1987.37.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The isoenzyme patterns of 92 isolates of Entamoeba histolytica from British Columbia and 28 from Ontario were determined. Seropositivity for E. histolytica was assessed by indirect hemagglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the one center and by ELISA and amebic gel diffusion in the other. In both British Columbia and Ontario nonpathogenic zymodemes I and III were most common. A newly described isoenzyme pattern was identified in Ontario. Only 9 of 120 zymodeme patterns identified were found to be pathogenic strains of E. histolytica. Pathogenic isolates were strongly correlated with clinical symptoms and seropositivity.
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3831
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Yang J, Johansen J, Koehm S, Kleinhaus AL. In situ patch-clamp recording of calcium-activated potassium channels from an identified leech neuron. Brain Res 1987; 419:324-8. [PMID: 2445425 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(87)90601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The paired anterior lateral giant cells of the leech Haementeria have only two active voltage gated ionic currents. We took advantage of this simple complement of ionic currents to investigate the single channel properties of this cells' calcium-activated K+ current (I(K,Ca) in situ. Cell-attached patch recordings showed large, bursting events with a conductance of approximately 90-100 pS which had extrapolated reversal potential consistent with K+ events. The channel open time distribution was well described by a single exponential process while the channel closed times were bi-exponentially distributed. The results show that the single channel properties of I(K,Ca) in annelids closely resemble those of similar currents described in vertebrates.
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3832
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Abstract
The kinetics of binding and endocytosis of 125I-human holotransferrin by isolated human brain capillaries was examined using this system as a model of the human blood-brain barrier (BBB). Both binding and endocytosis of the peptide by human brain capillaries was temperature-dependent and the binding was saturated by holotransferrin, but not by insulin, somatostatin, or vasopressin. Scatchard analysis of the binding reaction revealed a dissociation constant of 448 +/- 110 ng/mL (5.6 +/- 1.4 nmol/L) and a maximal binding constant (Ro) of 8.0 +/- 1.5 ng/mg protein. Thus, the affinity and capacity of the BBB transferrin receptor is within the same order of magnitude as the affinity and capacity of the BBB receptors for insulin, insulinlike growth factor-I, or insulinlike growth factor-II. The human brain capillary transferrin receptor was also detected with a mouse monoclonal antibody to the receptor using the avidin/biotin/peroxidase technique. In conclusion, these studies characterize the human BBB transferrin receptor and support the hypothesis that this receptor acts as a transport system which mediates the transcytosis of transferrin-bound iron through the brain capillary endothelial cell in man.
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3833
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Yu Q, Yang J, Wang NH. Multicomponent ion-exchange chromatography for separating amino acid mixtures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-6989(87)90205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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3834
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Yang J, Jiang BL. [A late complication of couching--phacolytic glaucoma, report of 10 cases (11 eyes)]. YAN KE XUE BAO = EYE SCIENCE 1987; 3:88-92. [PMID: 3509871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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3835
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Pu QL, Li Y, Yang J, Yan SY. [Study on mass spectra of alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides L]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1987; 22:438-44. [PMID: 3450141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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3836
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Pardridge WM, Vinters HV, Miller BL, Tourtellotte WW, Eisenberg JB, Yang J. High molecular weight Alzheimer's disease amyloid peptide immunoreactivity in human serum and CSF is an immunoglobulin G. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1987; 145:241-8. [PMID: 3593340 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(87)91312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed to detect the 4200 Dalton amyloid (A4) peptide or it's precursor (A4P) in human serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A synthetic peptide containing the first 28 amino acids of the 43 amino acid A4 peptide was covalently coupled to bovine thyroglobulin and a polyclonal antiserum in rabbits was prepared. This antiserum was specific for vascular amyloid and neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease brain as detected by immunoperoxidase. The synthetic peptide, which has a tyrosine at residue 10, was iodinated with chloramine T and [125I]iodine and was purified to homogeneity by C4 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Extraction of human serum over a C18 Sep Pak cartridge indicated immunoreactive A4 peptide was not detectable in human serum. Conversely, high molecular weight A4 peptide immunoreactivity was detectable in human serum, at a concentration of 8.9 +/- 1.2 pmol-eq./ml, and in human CSF, at a concentration of 0.25 +/- 0.01 pmol-eq./ml, giving a CSF/serum ratio of 3.2%. The immunoreactivity in human serum was nearly completely removed by affinity deletion of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), but not by affinity removal of IgA or IgM. Serum immunoreactivity was decreased 90% in hypogammaglobulinemia, and was increased 83% in human cord serum. There was no statistical difference in serum A4 immunoreactivity in Alzheimer's serum or CSF. Serum immunoreactivity in Down's syndrome was increased 50%. These studies indicate the high molecular weight A4P immunoreactivity in human serum or CSF is an IgG. Whether the A4 precursor in Alzheimer's disease is, in fact, an IgG, or whether there is an antibody in human serum and CSF that cross reacts with the A4 precursor cannot be determined until the serum immunoreactivity is purified and structurally characterized.
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3837
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Chyau M, Yang J. [The clinical use of peroneal flap for skin defect in the lower extremity]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 39:339-44. [PMID: 3331966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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3838
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Balakrishnan A, Yang J, Beattie CW, Das Gupta TK, Nandi S. Estrogen receptor in dissociated and cultured human breast fibroadenoma epithelial cells. Cancer Lett 1987; 34:233-42. [PMID: 3828977 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3835(87)90172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen binding was measured by a whole cell receptor assay in epithelial cells isolated from 20 premenopausal patients with breast fibroadenomas. A high affinity specific binding for estrogens was detected in the epithelial cells isolated from all 20 fibroadenomas. A relationship between estrogen binding and the phase in the menstrual cycle of the patient has been observed. Cell culture experiments using serum-free medium have also shown that estrogen binding can be augmented by cortisol.
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3839
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Pardridge WM, Yang J, Eisenberg J, Tourtellotte WW. Isolation of intact capillaries and capillary plasma membranes from frozen human brain. J Neurosci Res 1987; 18:352-7. [PMID: 3694717 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.490180213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of methods for the isolation of brain capillaries and brain capillary plasma membranes makes possible biochemical studies of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is made up of brain capillaries. Studies aimed at assessing the role of the BBB in the pathogenesis of specific neurologic diseases, e.g., Alzheimer's disease or multiple sclerosis, will necessitate the isolation of capillaries from brain involved with specific pathology. Such tissue is most readily available from banks containing frozen human brain. The present studies show that intact capillaries and capillary plasma membranes can be isolated from frozen human brain, including as little as five g of multiple sclerosis plaque tissue. Capillaries from frozen human brain are enriched in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, factor VIII antigen, and a 46K protein which has recently been shown to be a BBB-specific protein. These studies provide the basis for future biochemical studies of human brain microvessels in neurologic disease.
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3840
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Onate YA, Franco CO, Yang J, Shui L, Newkome GR, Fronczek FR, Watkins SF. N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-ethylenebis(nicotinamide). Acta Crystallogr C 1986. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270186090170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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3841
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Yang J, Balakrishnan A, Hamamoto S, Beattie CW, Das Gupta TK, Wellings SR, Nandi S, Gupta TK. Different mitogenic and phenotypic responses of human breast epithelial cells grown in two versus three dimensions. Exp Cell Res 1986; 167:563-9. [PMID: 3533578 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(86)90196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human breast epithelial cells, derived from fibroadenomas, were cultured under conditions promoting growth in two-dimensions (2D) as monolayers using the collagen-coated dishes and in three-dimensions (3D) inside the collagen gel matrix. Both epidermal growth factor (EGF) and cortisol (F) were required for maximal stimulation in 3D growth, but only cortisol was required for 2D growth. The growth stimulation of exogenously added type IV collagen was no greater than that of type I as a substrate in both the 2D and 3D growth. Immunocytochemical staining, using a polyclonal actin antibody, showed homogeneous staining in all cells in 2D monolayers, whereas more restricted distribution was observed in 3D outgrowths in the collagen gel matrix. The same cells, when cultured in 2D vs 3D, elicit different responses and the original phenotypes may be better maintained in 3D.
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3842
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Olsen RW, Yang J, King RG, Dilber A, Stauber GB, Ransom RW. Barbiturate and benzodiazepine modulation of GABA receptor binding and function. Life Sci 1986; 39:1969-76. [PMID: 2431244 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(86)90320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acts primarily on receptors that increase chloride permeability in postsynaptic neurons. These receptors are defined by sensitivity to the agonist muscimol and the antagonist bicuculline, and are also subject to indirect allosteric inhibition by picrotoxin-like convulsants and enhancement by the clinically important drugs, the benzodiazepines and the barbiturates. All of these drugs modulate GABA-receptor regulated chloride channels at the cellular level assayed by electrophysiological or radioactive ion tracer techniques. Specific receptor sites for GABA, benzodiazepines, picrotoxin/convulsants, and barbiturates can be assayed in vitro by radioactive ligand binding. Mutual chloride-dependent allosteric interactions between the four receptor sites indicate that they are all coupled in the same membrane macromolecular complex. Indirect effects of barbiturates on the other three binding sites define a pharmacologically specific, stereospecific receptor. All of the activities can be solubilized in the mild detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]propane sulfonate (CHAPS) and co-purify as a single protein complex.
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3843
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Henkart PA, Yue CC, Yang J, Rosenberg SA. Cytolytic and biochemical properties of cytoplasmic granules of murine lymphokine-activated killer cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1986; 137:2611-7. [PMID: 3489769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The incubation of murine spleen cells in the lymphokine interleukin 2 (IL 2) gives rise to lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells capable of lysing fresh tumor cells in short-term lytic assays. During the course of cultures used to generate LAK cells, cytoplasmic granules were prepared and were analyzed for the presence of the cytolysin previously described in large granular lymphocytes (LGL) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Such cytolysin activity is initially undetectable, appears after 2 days of culture, and continues to increase until day 7. The LAK cytolysin has properties similar to those of previously described cytolysins with respect to nonspecific killing of various target cells, rapid kinetics, and absolute dependence on calcium. Antibodies raised against purified LGL tumor granules neutralized the activity of the LAK cytolysin. The precursors of both the LAK cells and the cells bearing the cytolysin are eliminated by treatment with anti-asialo-GM1 and complement, strongly suggesting that the actual LAK effector cells and the cytolysin-bearing cells are identical. Biochemical analysis of the LAK granules indicate that they contain the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase. The protein content of granules isolated from various days of culture with r-IL 2 undergoes a dramatic change, with major protein bands around 30,000 daltons becoming prominent, as well as the cytolysin protein band at 70,000 daltons. These data suggest that the mechanism of cell lysis by LAK cells is similar to that of CTL and natural killer-mediated lysis, and each of these forms of lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis is based on a granule exocytosis mechanism.
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3844
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Henkart PA, Yue CC, Yang J, Rosenberg SA. Cytolytic and biochemical properties of cytoplasmic granules of murine lymphokine-activated killer cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1986. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.137.8.2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The incubation of murine spleen cells in the lymphokine interleukin 2 (IL 2) gives rise to lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells capable of lysing fresh tumor cells in short-term lytic assays. During the course of cultures used to generate LAK cells, cytoplasmic granules were prepared and were analyzed for the presence of the cytolysin previously described in large granular lymphocytes (LGL) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Such cytolysin activity is initially undetectable, appears after 2 days of culture, and continues to increase until day 7. The LAK cytolysin has properties similar to those of previously described cytolysins with respect to nonspecific killing of various target cells, rapid kinetics, and absolute dependence on calcium. Antibodies raised against purified LGL tumor granules neutralized the activity of the LAK cytolysin. The precursors of both the LAK cells and the cells bearing the cytolysin are eliminated by treatment with anti-asialo-GM1 and complement, strongly suggesting that the actual LAK effector cells and the cytolysin-bearing cells are identical. Biochemical analysis of the LAK granules indicate that they contain the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase. The protein content of granules isolated from various days of culture with r-IL 2 undergoes a dramatic change, with major protein bands around 30,000 daltons becoming prominent, as well as the cytolysin protein band at 70,000 daltons. These data suggest that the mechanism of cell lysis by LAK cells is similar to that of CTL and natural killer-mediated lysis, and each of these forms of lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis is based on a granule exocytosis mechanism.
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3845
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Yang J, Jones O, Shin T. Critical flow of initially subcooled flashing liquids: Limitations in the homogeneous equilibrium model. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0029-5493(86)90047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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3846
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Krajden S, Lossick JG, Wilk E, Yang J, Keystone JS, Elliott K. Persistent Trichomonas vaginalis infection due to a metronidazole-resistant strain. CMAJ 1986; 134:1373-4. [PMID: 3486706 PMCID: PMC1491253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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3847
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Mulé JJ, Yang J, Shu S, Rosenberg SA. The anti-tumor efficacy of lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin 2 in vivo: direct correlation between reduction of established metastases and cytolytic activity of lymphokine-activated killer cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1986; 136:3899-909. [PMID: 2871106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that the incubation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes or murine splenocytes in recombinant interleukin 2 (RIL 2) resulted in the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells capable of lysing a broad spectrum of fresh tumors in short-term chromium-release assays. Moreover, injections of LAK cells plus RIL 2 were highly effective in eliminating established 3 day metastases in the lung and liver (1-3). We have examined several parameters to define whether or not the cytolytic activity of LAK cells as measured in vitro correlated directly with the in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of adoptively transferred LAK cells. LAK cells plus RIL 2 could mediate marked reductions of established pulmonary metastases in mice rendered T cell deficient by adult thymectomy and lethal, total body irradiation followed by reconstitution with T cell-depleted bone marrow and spleen cells. Thus there was no requirement for additional T lymphocytes of host origin for successful therapy with adoptively transferred LAK cells plus RIL 2. Fresh splenocytes depleted of T cells by anti-Thy-1.2 monoclonal antibody plus complement generated LAK cells that were as highly lytic to fresh tumor in vitro and were as effective in reducing established pulmonary metastases as those generated from untreated or complement-treated splenocytes. Thus the precursor to LAK cells with anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo did not express the Thy-1 antigenic marker. In contrast, treatment of LAK effector cells (those generated from a 3-day incubation of fresh, normal splenocytes in RIL 2) with anti-Thy-1.2 antibody plus complement reduced or abolished their in vitro cytolytic activity. However, when combined with the systemic administration of RIL 2, these T cell-depleted, non-lytic LAK cells remained as effective in reducing the number of established pulmonary metastases upon adoptive transfer as untreated or complement-treated lytic LAK cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Surface/analysis
- Cell Differentiation
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/radiation effects
- Female
- Immunity, Cellular/radiation effects
- Immunization, Passive
- Immunotherapy
- Interleukin-2/therapeutic use
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/transplantation
- Lung/cytology
- Lung/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Lymphokines/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
- Sarcoma, Experimental/immunology
- Sarcoma, Experimental/therapy
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/transplantation
- Thy-1 Antigens
- Thymectomy
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3848
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Mulé JJ, Yang J, Shu S, Rosenberg SA. The anti-tumor efficacy of lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin 2 in vivo: direct correlation between reduction of established metastases and cytolytic activity of lymphokine-activated killer cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1986. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.136.10.3899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that the incubation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes or murine splenocytes in recombinant interleukin 2 (RIL 2) resulted in the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells capable of lysing a broad spectrum of fresh tumors in short-term chromium-release assays. Moreover, injections of LAK cells plus RIL 2 were highly effective in eliminating established 3 day metastases in the lung and liver (1-3). We have examined several parameters to define whether or not the cytolytic activity of LAK cells as measured in vitro correlated directly with the in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of adoptively transferred LAK cells. LAK cells plus RIL 2 could mediate marked reductions of established pulmonary metastases in mice rendered T cell deficient by adult thymectomy and lethal, total body irradiation followed by reconstitution with T cell-depleted bone marrow and spleen cells. Thus there was no requirement for additional T lymphocytes of host origin for successful therapy with adoptively transferred LAK cells plus RIL 2. Fresh splenocytes depleted of T cells by anti-Thy-1.2 monoclonal antibody plus complement generated LAK cells that were as highly lytic to fresh tumor in vitro and were as effective in reducing established pulmonary metastases as those generated from untreated or complement-treated splenocytes. Thus the precursor to LAK cells with anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo did not express the Thy-1 antigenic marker. In contrast, treatment of LAK effector cells (those generated from a 3-day incubation of fresh, normal splenocytes in RIL 2) with anti-Thy-1.2 antibody plus complement reduced or abolished their in vitro cytolytic activity. However, when combined with the systemic administration of RIL 2, these T cell-depleted, non-lytic LAK cells remained as effective in reducing the number of established pulmonary metastases upon adoptive transfer as untreated or complement-treated lytic LAK cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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3849
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Pardridge WM, Yang J, Eisenberg J, Mietus LJ. Antibodies to blood-brain barrier bind selectively to brain capillary endothelial lateral membranes and to a 46K protein. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1986; 6:203-11. [PMID: 3514640 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.1986.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
To begin elucidating the biochemical basis of the polarized membrane features of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a series of immunochemical and immunoperoxidase studies were initiated with bovine brain microvessels that make up the BBB in vivo. A rabbit antiserum was prepared against isolated bovine brain BBB plasma membranes. The bovine microvessel plasma membranes were radioiodinated with chloramine-T, and the antiserum selectively immunoprecipitated a 46K protein. The antibodies directed against the 46K protein were quantitatively absorbed with bovine brain capillaries but not with rat kidney or liver powder. Only the capillaries of brain reacted with the rat kidney-absorbed antiserum in immunoperoxidase studies of ethanol-fixed, 8-micron sections of bovine brain cortex, whereas the capillaries in heart, liver, and kidney did not react. This antiserum also strongly illuminated the lateral membranes of isolated bovine brain capillary endothelial cells grown in primary tissue culture. These studies provide evidence for a polarized distribution of a surface antigen in bovine brain capillary endothelial cells that is not present in capillary endothelia of liver, heart, or kidney. The correlation of the immunoperoxidase and immunoprecipitation techniques suggests that a candidate for the asymmetrically distributed surface antigen in the BBB is the 46K protein. The relationship between the 46K protein and the composition of BBB tight junctions remains to be determined.
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3850
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Zhou BF, Yang J, Cao TX. [Comparison of diets of 9 populations in China and their relation to blood pressure]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1986; 14:13-5, 61-2. [PMID: 3743384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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