Omphalocele and partial trisomy 1q syndrome

A male infant with partial trisomy 1q syndrome (46,XY,der(21),t(1;21)(q25;q22)pat) is described. Clinical findings include small for gestational age, hypoglycemia, ocular hypertelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma of the iris, low-set ears, beak nose, micrognathia, micropenis, cryptorchidism, presacral dimple, flexion contractures of the fingers, bifid thumb, Simian crease, and overriding toes. In addition, he had a large omphalocele not previously seen in trisomy 1q. Postmortem findings include underdeveloped cerebellum, a thymus with moderate depletion of thymocytes, a large PDA, ASD, small adrenal, and fatty change of the liver. The grandfather, father, and a male sibling have translocation t(1;21)(q25;q22). A family history of repeated spontaneous abortions is present.

Development of a laboratory EXAFS facility

The EXAFS technique is a powerful new structural tool, particularly useful for studies of disordered or otherwise complex materials for which x-ray diffraction techniques are difficult or unfeasible. At the present time, most EXAFS experiments are carried out at a synchrotron facility because of the larger fluxes available. We have developed an in-laboratory apparatus utilizing a focusing crystal technique which increases available fluxes two to three orders of magnitude over previous laboratory facilities, so that EXAFS measurements can be carried out quickly and accurately in the laboratory. We will discuss the principles of the focusing monochromator and we will also illustrate the experimental method with examples, including studies of chemical solutions, defect crystalline solids, and high-temperature superconductors.

White-light pseudocolor density encoder

A simple technique utilizing a white-light processing system for the pseudocolor encoding of photographic materials by density is presented. Pseudocolored output of many different color codes is obtained by selectively spatial filtering the dispersed colors of the various high-diffraction orders of a halftone input. Besides permitting a large variety of color codes, this white-light technique would also eliminate all coherent artifact noises that plague coherent systems. Experimental results are presented, and comparison with the coherent technique is provided.

Color blur of the rainbow hologram

The color blur of the rainbow hologram is calculated from first-order holographic theory. The result is applicable to most of the rainbow holographic processes, including the one-step recording technique. Horizontal color blur approaches zero if the rainbow hologram image is near the optical axis of the hologram aperture.

Double aneuploidy: partial trisomy 21 and XO/XXX in a family with 12/21 translocation

A female patient with mild mental retardation with spatial perceptual difficulties, microcephaly, depressed nasal root, receding chin, webbed neck, low hairline, shield chest, cubitus valgus, scoliosis and dermatoglyphic findings not characteristic of Down's syndrome is reported. In addition to X/XXX, she had a partial trisomy 21 of the short arm-centromere-proximal long arm segment due to maternal t(12;21) translocation. Two phenotypically normal siblings carried the balanced translocation.

A developmental assessment chart for non-institutionalized Down syndrome children

This prospective study was undertaken to present a test form utilizing the same test items as the Denver Developmental Screening Test in categories of personal-social, fine motor-adaptive, language, and gross motor attainment comparing the performance of an individual Down Syndrome child with that of similar children on whom the items were standardized. A developmental assessment chart was constructed based on 96 consecutive home-reared Down syndrome children (2 months to 8 years). This chart can be easily administered and the developmental status of a particular Down syndrome child evaluated.

A severe infantile micromelic chondrodysplasia which resembles Kniest disease

This paper describes 3 infants with a severe, generalized chondrodysplasia with short limbs, shortness of stature, relative micrognathia and neonatal respiratory distress in all cases, cleft palate in two and dislocation of lenses in one. They died at 7 and 10 weeks and at 17 months respectively. No autopsy was performed on any of the 3 patients. Roentgenological manifestations include short, broad tubular bones with metaphyseal widening, bowing of leg, thigh and forearm bones, neonatal accelerated carpal bone maturation, short, broad pelvis with wide, flared iliac wings, many gross vertebral abnormalities including most prominently coronal clefts of almost any vertebral body, and short ribs with flared anterior ends. Roentgenographically the condition has some similarities with Kniest disease, or more correctly, the Kniest chondrodysplasia. However, we think that the clinical and roentgenological manifestations are sufficiently unique to permit delineation of the condition of our 3 patients as a "new" entity different from the Kniest chondrodysplasia. Similar cases have been described by Rolland et al. from France and by Dinno et al. from the U.S.A. The later case and our 3 patients were sporadic cases, but the former had a probably affected sibling, suggesting that this disorder is an autosomal recessive trait.

Familial partial trisomy 6q syndromes resulting from inherited ins (5;6) (q33;q15q27)

Two cases are reported of familial partial trisomy 6q syndrome due to segregation of ins(5;6) (q33;q15q27) in three generations. The common clinical features include growth and mental retardation, feeding difficulty during infancy, microcephaly with downward slanting palpebral fissures, flattened nasal bridge with anteverted and flared nares, long philtrum, high arched palate, partially opened and protruding mouth with receding chin, deep transverse creases of the ears, three creases on the 4th fingers, clinodactyly of the 5th fingers with a single crease, and other dermatoglyphic findings. These characteristic features of two patients appear to make partial trisomy 6q a clinically recognizable syndrome.

An extra small metacentric chromosome identified as a deleted chromosome no. 17

In an 11-year-old girl with multiple congenital abnormalities and mental retardation, an extra, small, metacentric chromosome was identified by banding methods as a deleted chromosome No. 17. This represents the first reported case of partial trisomy 17.

Chronic nonspecific respiratory disease in Berlin, New Hampshire, 1967 to 1973. A further follow-up study

The 1967 sample of Berlin, New Hampshire was resurveyed in 1973 by means of a standard questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and by simple tests of pulmonary function. Measurements of the levels of air pollution showed a decrease in the number of suspended particulates and an increase in the concentration of sulfation. These values were close to the Federal Primary Standard. No differences in respiratory symptoms, prevalences of chronic, nonspecific respiratory disease, or pulmonary function were detected. Within the limitations of this study, we concluded that the Federal Primary Standards for sulfur dioxide and total suspended particulates are probably adequate to protect the public.

Triploidy syndrome. A report on two live-born (69, XXY) and one still-born (69, XXX) infants

Two live-born cases, 69,XXY and one stillbirth, 69,XXX are reported. Further evidence is presented to delineate the triploidy syndrome. Common external and internal features which characterize the triploidy syndrome are low-set ears, hypertelorism, colobomata, syndactyly, simian creases, microphallus, undescended testes, scrotal aplasia, anomalous heart and hypoplasia of kidneys and adrenals. The triploidy syndrome encompasses features found in trisomies 13, 18 and 21. We suggest that the abnormal development of the triploidy infants is the result of the mentioned trisomies and their subsequent effect on the remaining genome.

Presence of brightly fluorescent material in testes of XX males

The case of a phenotypic male with a predominantly 46,XX karyotype is presented. Examination of quinacrine mustard stained frozen sections of testicular tissue revealed that 29% of Sertoli cells contained a brightly fluorescent spot, presumably representing the Y chromosome. Interestingly, these cells were the only X chromatin negative cells observed in the testis. It is concluded that it is hazardous to regard any case as a pure `XX male' without extensive study of all available tissues, including fluorescence of testicular tissue.