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Siminoski K, Lee KC, Abish S, Alos N, Bell L, Blydt-Hansen T, Couch R, Cummings EA, Ellsworth J, Feber J, Fernandez CV, Halton J, Huber AM, Israels S, Jurencak R, Lang B, Laverdière C, LeBlanc C, Lewis V, Midgley J, Miettunen PM, Oen K, Phan V, Pinsk M, Rauch F, Rodd C, Roth J, Saint-Cyr C, Scuccimarri R, Stephure D, Taback S, Wilson B, Ward LM. The development of bone mineral lateralization in the arms. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:999-1006. [PMID: 22744715 PMCID: PMC4105250 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bone mineral content (BMC) is known to be greater in the dominant arm after the age of 8 years. We studied a group of children and found that BMC sidedness gradually increased up to the age of 6 years and then remained stable into late adolescence. INTRODUCTION Bone mineral content (BMC) exhibits sidedness in the arms after the age of 8 years, but it is not known whether BMC is greater in the dominant arm from birth or whether lateralization develops in early childhood. To address this, we examined bone mineral status in relation to handedness and age. METHODS Subjects (N = 158) were children recently initiating glucocorticoids for underlying disease (leukemia 43 %, rheumatic conditions 39 %, nephrotic syndrome 18 %). Handedness was determined by questionnaire and BMC by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Median age was 7.2 years (range, 1.5 to 17.0 years), 49 % was male, and the spine BMD Z-score was -0.9 (SD, 1.3). By linear regression, BMC sidedness in the arms was significantly related to age (r = 0.294, p = 0.0005). Breakpoint analysis revealed two lines with a knot at 6.0 years (95 % CI, 4.5-7.5 years). The formula for the first line was: dominant:nondominant arm BMC ratio = 0.029 × age [in years] + 0.850 (r = 0.323, p = 0.017). The slope of the second line was not different from 0 (p = 0.332), while the slopes for the two lines were significantly different (p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS These results show that arm BMC sidedness in this patient group develops up to age 6 years and then remains stable into late adolescence. This temporal profile is consistent with mechanical stimulation of the skeleton in response to asymmetrical muscle use as handedness becomes manifest.
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Johnston DL, Lewis V, Yanofsky R, Gillmeister B, Ethier MC, Mitchell D, Cellot S, Dix D, Portwine C, Price V, Silva M, Zelcer S, Michon B, Bowes L, Stobart K, Brossard J, Beyene J, Sung L. Invasive fungal infections in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia. Mycoses 2013; 56:482-7. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lewis V, Dell L, Matthews L. Evaluating the feasibility of Goal Attainment Scaling as a rehabilitation outcome measure for veterans. J Rehabil Med 2013; 45:403-9. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Naughton JJ, Lewis V, Thomas D, Finlayson JB. Fume compositions found at various stages of activity at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jc080i021p02963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sjanta R, Jackson L, Fullam R, Lewis V, Silvester W. Final evaluation of the “Making Health Choices” advance care planning in aged care project. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000250.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ho J, Lewis V, Guilcher G, Stephure D, Pacaud D. Endocrine Complications Following Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.12.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lewis V, Norgate S, Collis G, Reynolds R. The consequences of visual impairment for children's symbolic and functional play. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1348/026151000165797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Villemagne VL, McLean CA, Reardon K, Boyd A, Lewis V, Klug G, Jones G, Baxendale D, Masters CL, Rowe CC, Collins SJ. 11C-PiB PET studies in typical sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 80:998-1001. [PMID: 19332421 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.171496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain amyloid imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) is of increasing importance in the premortem evaluation of dementias, particularly in relation to Alzheimer disease (AD). The purpose of this study was to explore the premortem diagnostic utility of (11)C-PiB PET in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). METHODS Two patients, 72 and 59 years old, underwent evaluation for rapidly progressive cognitive decline, dying after illness durations of 5 and 7 months, respectively. As part of their comprehensive assessment, (18)F-FDG PET and (11)C-PiB PET studies were performed approximately 2-4 weeks prior to death, and the brain regional distributions compared with those from cohorts of healthy controls (HC) and AD patients. RESULTS Routine investigations, including brain MRI scans, revealed changes typical of sporadic CJD, with the diagnosis confirmed at autopsy in both patients. The (18)F-FDG PET showed global hypometabolism in one patient and thalamic and frontal hypometabolism with unexpected hypermetabolism in the dentate nuclei of the cerebellum in the other. Neither patient displayed cerebral cortical (11)C-PiB PET retention above the levels observed in HC. CONCLUSIONS No grey-matter (11)C-PiB retention was observed in two pathologically confirmed cases of typical sporadic CJD. We speculate that low PrP plaque density and small plaque size, as well as a relatively low affinity of the radioligand, explain the absence of (11)C-PiB retention. More studies to validate this hypothesis are warranted.
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Homco J, Lewis V, Peipert J, Secura G, Allsworth J. Barriers to preconception contraceptive use in patients seeking abortion services. Contraception 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2008.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lewis V, Pinkerton J, Carr B, Olivier S, Pickar J. Smart trials: endometrial effects of the tissue selective estrogen complex (TSEC) comprised of bazedoxifene (BZA)/conjugated estrogens (CEs). Fertil Steril 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rowe DB, Lewis V, Needham M, Rodriguez M, Boyd A, McLean C, Roberts H, Masters CL, Collins SJ. Novel prion protein gene mutation presenting with subacute PSP-like syndrome. Neurology 2007; 68:868-70. [PMID: 17353478 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000256819.61531.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A 62-year-old Indonesian woman presenting with a progressive supranuclear palsy-like syndrome was confirmed post mortem as dying from a spongiform encephalopathy. Despite an illness duration of only 4 months, brain MRI, EEG, and CSF analysis for 14-3-3 proteins all failed to disclose changes typical of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neuropathologic examination revealed multicentric, prion protein-positive, amyloid plaques as typically seen in Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome. Prion protein gene analysis revealed a previously unreported A133V mutation.
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D’Amore J, Chiricolo G, Lee D, Zhou Q, Kiriaki S, Lewis V, Litroff A, Lukin M, Ward M, Sama A. 374. Ann Emerg Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.07.840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Song G, Graham M, Lewis V. Sperm Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Integrity in Infertile Men: A Comparison With Nuclear DNA Integrity. Fertil Steril 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lewis V, Hill AF, Klug GM, Boyd A, Masters CL, Collins SJ. Australian sporadic CJD analysis supports endogenous determinants of molecular-clinical profiles. Neurology 2005; 65:113-8. [PMID: 16009895 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000167188.65787.a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the protease-resistant prion protein (PrPres) types and associated clinical profiles in Australian patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) to allow comparison with those reported from other continents and concomitantly reaffirm absence of variant CJD (vCJD). METHODS Reassessment of available clinical and neuropathologic data on patients referred to the Australian National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Registry (ANCJDR) who died between January 1, 1992, and June 30, 2003, was conducted. Molecular classification of PrPres was determined by immunoblot analysis of available frozen brain tissue. Brain homogenate pH and codon 129 genotype on the prion protein gene (PRNP) were established. RESULTS PrPres patterns in 35 of 37 patients with sporadic CJD conformed to one of three common reported types. Of a range of clinical features assessed, illness duration was the only clinical feature significantly associated with PrPres type. Two patients displayed coexistence of more than one PrP type, with one displaying a novel pattern of three PrPres types in a single brain region. The absence of vCJD was reconfirmed, supported by the lack of the typical PrPres glycoform pattern. CONCLUSIONS Given Australia's geographic isolation and environmental uniqueness, the general congruity of these results with those reported from other continents suggests that endogenous factors predominantly determine sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) phenotypic subtypes or "strains." These results support a clinicopathologic classification system whereby both PrPres type and codon 129 genotype are utilized to most accurately depict phenotypic subtypes or strains of sporadic CJD.
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Pocchiari M, Puopolo M, Croes EA, Budka H, Gelpi E, Collins S, Lewis V, Sutcliffe T, Guilivi A, Delasnerie-Laupretre N, Brandel JP, Alperovitch A, Zerr I, Poser S, Kretzschmar HA, Ladogana A, Rietvald I, Mitrova E, Martinez-Martin P, de Pedro-Cuesta J, Glatzel M, Aguzzi A, Cooper S, Mackenzie J, van Duijn CM, Will RG. Predictors of survival in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 127:2348-59. [PMID: 15361416 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awh249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A collaborative study of human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies has been carried out from 1993 to 2000 and includes data from 10 national registries, the majority in Western Europe. In this study, we present analyses of predictors of survival in sporadic (n = 2304), iatrogenic (n = 106) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (n = 86) and in cases associated with mutations of the prion protein gene (n = 278), including Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (n = 24) and fatal familial insomnia (n = 41). Overall survival for each disease type was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the multivariate analyses by the Cox proportional hazards model. In sporadic disease, longer survival was correlated with younger age at onset of illness, female gender, codon 129 heterozygosity, presence of CSF 14-3-3 protein and type 2a prion protein type. The ability to predict survival based on patient covariates is important for diagnosis and counselling, and the characterization of the survival distributions, in the absence of therapy, will be an important starting point for the assessment of potential therapeutic agents in the future.
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Song G, Lewis V. Seminal plasma protects against DNA fragmentation induced by hydrogen peroxide in infertile men: Correlation with sperm DNA fragmentation. Fertil Steril 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lewis V, Collins S, Hill AF, Boyd A, McLean CA, Smith M, Masters CL. Novel prion protein insert mutation associated with prolonged neurodegenerative illness. Neurology 2003; 60:1620-4. [PMID: 12771252 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000065887.14609.0e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the prion protein gene (PRNP) are found in approximately 13 to 15% of persons classified as dying from a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy. Point and octapeptide repeat insert and deletion mutations are described in the open reading frame (ORF) of PRNP. The authors present a clinicopathologic study of a patient with a family history of a lengthy and progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with a novel large octapeptide repeat insert mutation. METHODS Neuropathologic examination, including immunohistochemistry for the prion protein, was undertaken. The ORF of PRNP was amplified by PCR, cloned, and sequenced. Homogenate of cerebral tissue underwent Western blot analysis for the prion protein before and after proteinase K treatment. RESULTS The proband died after a 16-year illness commencing at age 29 years. Confident premortem clinical diagnosis was not achieved despite a brain biopsy. Autopsy examination of the brain confirmed a spongiform encephalopathy. Prion protein immunohistochemistry revealed occasional granular deposits in the cerebellar granular layer. The proband was found to harbor a novel PRNP 168 base pair (bp) insert mutation. CONCLUSION The authors have identified a novel 168 bp octapeptide repeat insert mutation. Prion protein immunohistochemistry differs from previous cases harboring seven octapeptide repeat and other long insert mutations. Optimization of PRNP analysis, especially PCR conditions, is essential to avoid overlooking this type of mutation and delay the correct molecular genetic diagnosis.
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Lewis V, Boyd A, Masters CL, Collins SJ. Apparently sporadic CJD and covert health-care transmissions. Lancet Neurol 2002; 1:470-1. [PMID: 12849325 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(02)00233-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Collins S, Boyd A, Lee JS, Lewis V, Fletcher A, McLean CA, Law M, Kaldor J, Smith MJ, Masters CL. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Australia 1970-1999. Neurology 2002; 59:1365-71. [PMID: 12427885 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000031793.11602.8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain all persons who developed a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) within Australia during the 30-year period 1970 to 1999 through a comprehensive national surveillance program and subject the group to detailed epidemiologic analysis. METHODS Cases were ascertained through reviews of morbidity separation coding data from all university-affiliated tertiary referral hospitals, as well as the centralized data bases of state and territory health departments, regular national death certificate searches, and semiannual mailout questionnaires to all neurologists and pathologists throughout Australia. Prospective monitoring commenced in September 1993. RESULTS A total of 387 patients were confirmed as having TSE during this epoch. The majority of cases were sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) (90.7%), with 7.2% heredofamilial and 2.1% iatrogenic. Over this 30-year period, the national average annual sporadic CJD incidence rate per million progressively increased from 0.31 for the decade 1970 through 1979 to 0.77 for 1980 through 1989, reaching 1.03 for 1990 through 1999. Death certificates were found to have a false-positive rate of 11.5% and sensitivity of 83.0% for sporadic CJD. CONCLUSIONS Within Australia, there has been a gradual increase in the incidence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy over the three-decade period 1970 through 1999, peaking in 1999 at 1.4/million/year for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. This increase is believed secondary to improved case ascertainment. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was not identified during this period. Age- and sex-adjusted comparisons showed a decline in incidence rates in the elderly in both sexes, usually from age 74 years. Death certificates were a useful but imperfect method of case detection.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient tachypnea of the newborn results from delayed clearance of lung liquid and is a common cause of admission of full term infants to neonatal intensive care units. The condition is particularly common after elective Caesarean section. Conventional treatment involves appropriate oxygen administration and continuous positive airway pressure in some cases. Most infants receive antibiotic therapy. Hastening the clearance of lung liquid should shorten the duration of the symptoms and reduce complications. OBJECTIVES To determine whether furosemide reduces the duration of oxygen therapy and respiratory symptoms and shortens hospital stay in term infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, PubMed and EMBASE. The primary author and experts in the field were contacted. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials. Infants of less than 7 days of age, born after 37 or more weeks of gestation with the clinical picture of transient tachypnea of the newborn. Intravenous, oral or nebulized furosemide compared to placebo or no diuretic in the first 7 days. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers assessed trial quality in each potentially eligible manuscript and two reviewers extracted data. MAIN RESULTS Searching revealed only one randomised trial which was methodologically sound. This recruited 50 infants with transient tachypnea. Infants were randomised to receive oral furosemide 2 mg/kg followed by 1 mg/kg 12 hours later, or placebo. Weight loss in the first 24 hours was greater in the furosemide treated group but there was no evidence of a difference between the groups in duration of tachypnea or severity of symptoms or length of hospitalization. The study was methodologically satisfactory. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Oral furosemide cannot be recommended as treatment for transient tachypnea of the newborn and it should not be used unless additional data become available. The question remains as to whether intravenous furosemide given to the infant (or even to the mother before Caesarean section) might shorten the duration of the illness. As elective Caesarean section continues at a high level, these two interventions might be worthy of trials.
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Boyd A, Fletcher A, Lee JS, Lewis V, Masters CL, Collins SJ. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in Australia. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES INTELLIGENCE QUARTERLY REPORT 2001; 25:248-52. [PMID: 11806657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The Australian National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Registry (ANCJDR) commenced surveillance in September 1993 as part of the Commonwealth's response to 4 cases of pituitary hormone (gonadotrophin)-associated Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). With the passage of time, the Registry has become responsible for ascertaining all human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE; also known as prion diseases) within Australia since 1970. Included in the spectrum of diseases monitored are classical (sporadic, genetic, and health care acquired) CJD, and variant CJD (vCJD), first reported in 1996 in the United Kingdom. Variant CJD has not yet been diagnosed in Australia. Final classification of persons with suspected human prion disease is based upon all available clinical, investigational and pathological information. Ascertainment methods are diverse and include prompted, half-yearly personal communications from neurologists and neuropathologists, death certificate searches, and morbidity separation coding searches of major hospital, and State and Territory databases. More recently, referral for diagnostic CSF 14-3-3 protein testing (performed by the ANCJDR) has considerably increased prospective notifications of suspect cases. As at September 2001 there were 460 cases on the register; 237 definite cases, 168 probable and 55 incomplete cases awaiting final classification.
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Lewis V. You're welcome. Nurs Stand 2001; 15:20. [PMID: 12222151 DOI: 10.7748/ns.15.51.20.s36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dunbar G, Hill R, Lewis V. Children's attentional skills and road behavior. J Exp Psychol Appl 2001; 7:227-34. [PMID: 11676101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Switching attention and concentration, 2 skills expected to be used by skillful pedestrians, were studied. A sample of 160 children (aged 4 years 3 months-10 years) played a computer game involving attention switching. To examine concentration, a subset of the children was distracted with a cartoon video while they attempted a difficult task that required matching familiar figures. The same subset was also observed crossing roads. Older children switched faster and were less distracted. Children who were better at switching were more likely to show awareness of traffic when about to cross a road. Children who maintained concentration when challenged by a distracting event crossed the road in a less reckless manner. Parents and educators designing safety programs should take into account the development of these skills.
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