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Suyama K, Mizota S, Minagawa T, Hayashi K, Miyazaki H, Nagata I. A ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm associated with internal carotid artery agenesis and a middle cerebral artery anomaly. J Clin Neurosci 2009; 16:585-6. [PMID: 19200736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Agenesis of the internal carotid artery associated with an anomalous middle cerebral artery originating from the contralateral internal carotid artery is rare. We report a patient with agenesis of the internal carotid artery presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a rupture of an aneurysm in the anterior communicating artery.
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Pascual-Castroviejo I, Pascual-Pascual SI, Velázquez-Fragua R. [Abnormal origin of middle cerebral artery in the basilar artery]. Neurologia 2008; 23:536-537. [PMID: 19035000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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Herman TE, Siegel MJ, Vachharajani A, Masand P, Cross D. Cerebral arteriovenous fistula to pulmonary artery onyx embolization. J Perinatol 2007; 27:238-40. [PMID: 17377605 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Arslan EB, Oztürk A, Oğuz KK. Incidental bilateral accessory middle cerebral arteries on MR imaging and MR angiography. Diagn Interv Radiol 2007; 13:10-2. [PMID: 17354187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial vascular variations involving the middle cerebral artery are rarely seen. Herein, we report an 11-year-old girl with incidental bilateral accessory middle cerebral arteries, an extremely rare variation, which is the first case in the related literature demonstrated by cranial magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography.
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Daghigi MH, Tubbs RS, Shoja MM, Shakeri AB, Pourisa M, Salter EG, Oakes WJ. Bilateral accessory middle cerebral arteries associated with an aneurysm of the anterior circulation. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2006; 65:161-3. [PMID: 16773607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An accessory middle cerebral artery is one variation of the intracranial vasculature that may be a source of misinterpretation by clinicians dealing with cerebrovascular diseases. We report a case of an elderly female found to have bilateral accessory middle cerebral arteries, who presented with the rupture of an aneurysm of the anterior part of the circle of Willis. Accessory middle cerebral arteries are rare anatomical findings and the bilateral occurrence is exceedingly rare. We believe this to be the first report of bilateral accessory middle cerebral arteries associated with an aneurysm of the anterior cerebral-anterior communicating arteries. The anatomical and clinical relevance of this variation is described.
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Soncini E, Ronzoni E, Macovei D, Grignaffini A. Integrated monitoring of fetal growth restriction by computerized cardiotocography and Doppler flow velocimetry. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2006; 128:222-30. [PMID: 16431011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2005] [Revised: 12/16/2005] [Accepted: 01/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlations between Doppler flow velocimetry and computerized cardiotocography (cCTG) in fetal growth restriction. STUDY DESIGN Fifty growth-restricted foetuses with abdominal circumference below the 10th percentile and no major abnormalities were studied. A total of 186 cCTG tracings (at least two per patient) analysed using the HP2CTG system were compared with the corresponding umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI), the PI ratio of umbilical artery to middle cerebral artery, and the ductus venosus systolic/atrial ratio. RESULTS Worsening in umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry parameters was associated with a significant reduction of short- and long-term variability indices and accelerations. When end-diastolic umbilical artery flow was preserved, a reversed ratio between umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery PIs was not correlated with a worsening of cCTG parameters; in the presence of umbilical artery absent or reversed flow, ductus venosus Doppler velocimetry abnormalities were correlated with a significant reduction of variability. When end-diastolic umbilical artery flow was preserved, there was a progressive increase in variability indices and accelerations with advancing gestational age. In the more compromised fetuses this "maturation" process of cCTG patterns was not found. CONCLUSION There is a strict correlation between Doppler velocimetry abnormalities and cCTG parameter deterioration, in particular between ductus venosus and variability.
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Fernández-Bouzas A, Harmony T, Santiago-Rodríguez E, Ricardo-Garcell J, Fernández T, Avila-Acosta D. Schizencephaly with occlusion or absence of middle cerebral artery. Neuroradiology 2006; 48:171-5. [PMID: 16391916 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-005-0006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2004] [Accepted: 07/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In a study of 160 infants with prenatal and/or perinatal risk factors for brain damage, we observed three cases of schizencephaly. All cases were unilateral, and the clefts had open lips. In two cases, magnetic resonance angiography showed occlusion or absence of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) on the affected side. Two of the patients, including one with absent flow in the MCA of the affected side, had ipsilateral cerebellar atrophy.
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Kahilogullari G, Ugur HC. Accessory middle cerebral artery originating from callosomarginal artery. Clin Anat 2006; 19:694-5. [PMID: 16944515 DOI: 10.1002/ca.20371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Feng WF, Qi ST, Huang SP, Huang LJ. [Surgical treatment of anterior circulation aneurysm via pterion keyhole approach]. DI 1 JUN YI DA XUE XUE BAO = ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF THE FIRST MEDICAL COLLEGE OF PLA 2005; 25:1546-8, 1551. [PMID: 16361160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of pterion keyhole approach with minimal invasion for treatment of the anterior circulation aneurysm. METHOD Aneurysm clipping through the pterion keyhole approach was performed in patients with anterior circulation aneurysms, including 9 with posterior communication artery aneurysms, 3 with middle cerebral artery aneurysms and 6 with anterior communication artery aneurysms, who were in stages I to III according to Hunt-Hess scale. RESULT All the aneurysms were clipped successfully. One patient with a left posterior communication artery aneurysm developed transient sensory aphasia and motor aphasia after surgery due to intraoperative aneurysm rupture. No facial paralysis occurred due to damage of the facial nerve. CONCLUSION The pterion keyhole approach is a very useful surgical approach for treatment of anterior circulation aneurysms on the basis of cautious determination of indications and careful operation planning.
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Briganti F, Tortora F, Elefante A, Volpe A, Maiuri F. Persistent carotid-vertebral anastomosis associated with contralateral accessory middle cerebral artery. Surg Radiol Anat 2005; 27:450-4. [PMID: 16261250 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-005-0002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2004] [Accepted: 05/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An exceptional case is reported of a complex anomaly of the brain arteries including low left carotid bifurcation, persistent carotid-vertebral anastomosis on the left and accessory middle cerebral artery on the right; the whole posterior circulation was only filled through the anomalous anastomotic vessel which joined with the vertebral artery because of a contralateral hypoplasic vertebral artery and the absence of both posterior communicating arteries. This association has not been previously reported in the literature. The embryological processes leading to these arterial anomalies are discussed. Risks related to a severe carotid stenosis or occlusion and to surgical or endovascular procedures in patients harboring these arterial anomalies are emphasized.
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Liu HM, Lai DM, Tu YK, Wang YH. Aneurysms in Twig-Like Middle Cerebral Artery. Cerebrovasc Dis 2005; 20:1-5. [PMID: 15925875 DOI: 10.1159/000086119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Accepted: 02/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report a vascular abnormality of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) that has not been described in the literature before. METHODS Two patients (1 male and 1 female; age 44 and 67 years, respectively) were found to have a vascular abnormality in which the main trunk of the MCA had a twig-like form. Both patients presented with intracranial hemorrhage. RESULTS In these 2 patients, the abnormality was seen before the genu of the MCA. They had an intracranial hemorrhage due to an associated aneurysm inside the twigs. The twig appeared to be a network between the bifurcation of internal carotid artery and insular segment of MCA, and it was different from the collateral circulation due to acquired occlusion or moyamoya disease. CONCLUSION This new type of vascular lesion of the MCA is not benign. It appears to be associated with the occurrence of an aneurysm, an important clinical aspect.
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Parmar H, Sitoh YY, Hui F. Normal variants of the intracranial circulation demonstrated by MR angiography at 3T. Eur J Radiol 2005; 56:220-8. [PMID: 15950421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2005] [Revised: 05/09/2005] [Accepted: 05/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) at 3T offers increased signal to noise ratio with better background suppression, leading to exquisite depiction of the intracranial circulation. We present a pictorial review of the normal variations and anomalies of the intracranial circulation detected on MRA performed on a high field 3T clinical scanner using parallel imaging techniques. The salient imaging features of these anomalies and normal variations are discussed with relevance to clinical practice.
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Cekirge HS, Peynircioglu B, Saatci I. Endovascular treatment of an "anterior cerebral artery" aneurysm in a patient with "embryonic unfused middle cerebral artery" anomaly: a case report. Neuroradiology 2005; 47:690-4. [PMID: 15940529 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-005-1407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 03/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We report a unique case of an anterior cerebral artery aneurysm in a patient with embryonic unfused middle cerebral artery anomaly. The arterial twigs of the middle cerebral artery supply the entire middle cerebral artery territory including the lenticulostriate branches. There was a vessel incorporated into the aneurysm, which was referred to as an accessory middle cerebral artery and it gave rise to a lenticulostriate branch. The aneurysm was occluded with detachable coils using a remodeling technique. After successful occlusion of the aneurysm the so-called accessory middle cerebral artery including its lenticulostriate branch started to fill from the anomalous middle cerebral artery network and the patient did not experience any ischemic injury.
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Uchino M, Kitajima S, Sakata Y, Honda M, Shibata I. Ruptured aneurysm at a duplicated middle cerebral artery with accessory middle cerebral artery. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2004; 146:1373-4; discussion 1375. [PMID: 15340873 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-004-0353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although many cerebral vascular anomalies are widely recognized, others are less well known or unclassified. Accessory middle cerebral artery (MCA) and duplicated MCA are among uncommon anomalies. We present a very rare case of subarachnoid haemorrhage due to rupture of a saccular aneurysm arising from a duplicated middle cerebral artery which was associated with an accessory middle cerebral artery.
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Naito K, Oya F, Takei YI, Yamamoto K, Ikeda SI. [Cervical myelopathy in a patient with congenital cervico-cerebral vascular malformation]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2004; 44:623-5. [PMID: 15515707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a 50 year-old woman with cervical myelopathy. The patient, who had cutaneous angiomas in the right orbital area, became aware of left upper limb weakness when she woke up, followed by painful abnormal sensation in both axilla and arms. MRI revealed an intramedullar lesion mainly located in cervical cord at the level of C3-C4. Angiography showed that serpentine left vertebral artery entered the canalis vertebralis at C3 and fed the blood flow of bilateral middle cerebral arteries. In this case, the upper cervical spinal cord ischemia might be induced by hemodynamic insufficiency of the anterior spinal artery ascribed to congenital cervico-cerebral vascular malformation.
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Karazincir S, Ada E, Sarsilmaz A, Sarilmaz A, Yalçin O, Vidinli B, Sahin E. [Frequency of vascular variations and anomalies accompanying intracranial aneurysms]. TANISAL VE GIRISIMSEL RADYOLOJI : TIBBI GORUNTULEME VE GIRISIMSEL RADYOLOJI DERNEGI YAYIN ORGANI 2004; 10:103-9. [PMID: 15236123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigation of the sites of intracranial aneurysms and incidence of associated congenital variations or anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and ninety cerebral angiography examinations that were positive for aneurysm were evaluated retrospectively. Fourteen cases with vasospasm were excluded and the remaining 176 patients were assessed for the location of the aneurysm and co-incidental vascular variations and/or anomalies. There were two observers in the study, one of whom was an experienced vascular radiologist. RESULTS The most frequent locations of aneurysms were the supraclinoid internal carotid artery (32%, n=74), anterior communicating artery (30%, n=68), and middle cerebral artery bifurcation (23%, n=52). Twenty-eight patients (17%) had multiple aneurysms. Ninety-one (52%) patients had a vascular anomaly or variation. Hypoplasia or agenesis of A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery was found in 48 patients, an azygous anterior cerebral artery in 1, a frontoorbital artery in 1, a duplicated middle cerebral artery in 1, early bifurcation of the middle cerebral artery in 9, persistent fetal origin of the posterior cerebral artery in 26, fenestration of P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery in 1, agenesis of P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery in 1, fenestration of vertebral artery in 1, double trunk visualization of superior cerebellar artery in 2 patients. CONCLUSION Due to an increased hemodynamic stress, congenital anomalies of the intracranial arteries predispose to the formation of saccular aneurysms. Nomalies such as A1 hypoplasia or agenesis, azygous anterior cerebral artery, accessory middle cerebral artery and persistent trigeminal artery are detected more frequently in patients with cerebral aneurysms compared to the normal population. The location of aneurysms and the frequency of arterial variations and anomalies in this study correlated well with data found in previous studies.
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Fujimoto M, Nakahara I, Tanaka M, Iwamuro Y, Watanabe Y, Harada K. [Multiple intracranial aneurysms and vascular abnormalities associated with neurofibromatosis type 1: a case report]. NO SHINKEI GEKA. NEUROLOGICAL SURGERY 2004; 32:355-9. [PMID: 15227842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
We present an unusual case of multiple intracranial aneurysms, persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PPTA), and fenestration of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF 1). The patient was a 55-year-old woman in a state of semicoma. We observed widespread neurofibromas and café au lait spots on her trunk and limbs. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage and right frontal intracerebral hemorrhage (WFNS grade IV, Fisher's classification group 4). Cerebral angiography showed two intracranial aneurysms at the anterior communicating artery, an aneurysm at the cavernous portion of the right carotid artery, a PPTA, and MCA fenestration. The patient remained in an apallic state, even after successful clipping of the anterior communicating artery aneurysms.
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Hayashi T, Miyazaki H, Ichimura S, Ishiyama N. [A duplication of middle cerebral artery mimicking a cerebral aneurysm]. NO TO SHINKEI = BRAIN AND NERVE 2004; 56:174-5. [PMID: 15098364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Hajro T, Ramić I, Alajbegović A. [Trombosis of the middle cerebral artery as the cause of cerebrovascular insult (CVI) and recognition of the etiologic factors for CVI]. MEDICINSKI ARHIV 2004; 58:239-40. [PMID: 15526594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
In the paper is shown the case of the patient of the CVI life, age of 40 years. It was about the vascular lesion left of the temperoparienal MRA shew the amputation of amputation of the temporal branches art. cerebri medii from the left side. The patient 6 years before she suffered of CVI infract myocard after which she recovered well. After the performed neurologic and physiatric treatment it came to the strength of the rude motor strength with the normalization of the speech.
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Tanriover N, Kawashima M, Rhoton AL, Ulm AJ, Mericle RA. Microsurgical anatomy of the early branches of the middle cerebral artery: morphometric analysis and classification with angiographic correlation. J Neurosurg 2003; 98:1277-90. [PMID: 12816276 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2003.98.6.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The cortical arteries arising from the main trunk of the middle cerebral artery, proximal to its bifurcation or trifurcation, are called "early branches." The purpose of this study was to characterize these early branches. METHODS The early branches were characterized according to their sites and patterns of origin, diameters, and relative proximity to the internal carotid artery bifurcation, as well as the course and area of supply of their cortical branches based on an examination of 50 hemispheres. Special attention was directed to the perforating arteries that arose from the early branches and entered the anterior perforated substance. The anatomical findings were compared with data obtained from 109 angiograms. CONCLUSIONS Early branches directed to the temporal and frontal lobes were found in 90 and 32% of the hemispheres, respectively. The early branches that arose more proximally from the M1 segment were larger than those arising distally. Lenticulostriate arteries arose from 81% of the early frontal branches (EFBs) and from 48% of the early temporal branches (ETBs). An average of two cortical arteries arose from the EFBs and 1.3 from the ETBs, the most common of which supplied the temporopolar and orbitofrontal areas. Although the microsurgical anatomy of the early branches demonstrates abundant diversity, they can be classified into clearly defined patterns based on anatomical features. These patterns can prove helpful in evaluating angiographic data and in planning an operative procedure.
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Wu G, Agrawal A, Ghanchi FD. Transient third nerve palsy in a young patient with intracranial arteriovenous malformation. Eur J Ophthalmol 2003; 13:324-7. [PMID: 12747657 DOI: 10.1177/112067210301300315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a patient with transient third nerve palsy as the possible presenting sign of intracranial arteriovenous malformation. METHOD Case report. RESULT A 24-year-old female presented to ophthalmic casualty with sudden onset binocular diplopia and was diagnosed to have right sided partial third nerve palsy. Within 30 hours the third nerve palsy had recovered completely. A MRI scan and subsequent carotid angiogram revealed a large, high flow, trans-cortical Spetzler-Martin grade 4 arteriovenous malformation. The feeder vessel of the AVM originated from the right middle cerebral artery. Superficial venous drainage was via the superficial middle cerebral vein to the right transverse sinus. The deep venous drainage was via thalamostriate veins into markedly dilated internal cerebral vein and vein of Galen (Great cerebral vein). Venous reflux was noted around the midbrain from the vein of Galen. CONCLUSIONS Transient third nerve palsy may rarely occur secondary to intracranial arteriovenous malformation. Ophthalmologists should consider neuroimaging in the investigations for transient cases of III nerve palsy in young patients.
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Li H, Wong KS, Kay R. Relationship between the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project classification and vascular abnormalities in patients with predominantly intracranial atherosclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2003; 207:65-9. [PMID: 12614933 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(02)00397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP) classification is a stroke classification based on clinical features collected at bedside. Previous studies reported good correlation between vascular abnormalities and OCSP mainly in populations not at risk of intracranial atherosclerosis. There have been limited data on the relationship between intracranial atherosclerosis and the OCSP classification. METHODS Consecutive Chinese patients admitted to a regional hospital with acute ischemic stroke were studied in Hong Kong. Stroke subtype was classified as total or partial anterior circulation infarct (TACI or PACI), posterior circulation infarct (POCI), or lacunar infarct (LACI), according to the OCSP method. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) was performed whenever possible to evaluate the intracranial arteries as well as the carotid arteries. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the severity of stroke on admission. RESULTS Six hundred and ninety-nine consecutive patients were studied. On admission, 24 patients were classified as TACI (3.4%), 96 PACI (13.7%), 111 POCI (15.9%), and 468 LACI (67.0%). Of the 345 patients who had TCD evidence of intracranial or carotid artery abnormalities, 75% had intracranial involvement only, 5% extracranial involvement only and 20% had both intracranial and extracranial involvement. The frequencies of arterial abnormalities were found in 58% of TACIs, 48% of PACIs, 48% of POCIs and 50% of LACIs. There was no evidence that the frequencies of arterial abnormalities were different between the OCSP groups (P=0.8). Middle cerebral artery velocity was abnormal in 9 TACIs (38%), 32 PACIs (33%), 35 POCIs (32%) and 177 LACIs (38%) (P=0.6). Vertebrobasilar velocities were abnormal in 4 TACIs (17%), 20 PACIs (21%), 29 (26%) and 87 LACIs (19%) (P=0.3). The OCSP subtypes were associated with POCIs the severity of stroke. NIHSS score of > or =9 was found in 83% of TACIs, 18% of PACIs, 9% of POCIs, and 12% of LACIs (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS OCSP classification is not significantly related to the presence of vascular abnormalities among patients with predominantly intracranial atherosclerosis.
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Moore C, Heck D, Beauchamp N, Gailloud P. Detection on CT angiography of an accessory middle cerebral artery simulating a fusiform aneurysm on MR angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003; 180:544-5. [PMID: 12540474 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.180.2.1800544a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ogungbo B. Size, course, distribution and anomalies of the middle cerebral artery in adult Nigerians. EAST AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2003; 80:59. [PMID: 12755244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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