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Ayton S, Janelidze S, Kalinowski P, Palmqvist S, Belaidi AA, Stomrud E, Roberts A, Roberts B, Hansson O, Bush AI. CSF ferritin in the clinicopathological progression of Alzheimer's disease and associations with APOE and inflammation biomarkers. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2023; 94:211-219. [PMID: 36357168 PMCID: PMC9992756 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-330052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A putative role for iron in driving Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression is complicated by previously reported associations with neuroinflammation, apolipoprotein E and AD proteinopathy. To establish how iron interacts with clinicopathological features of AD and at what disease stage iron influences cognitive outcomes, we investigated the association of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of iron (ferritin), inflammation (acute phase response proteins) and apolipoproteins with pathological biomarkers (CSF Aβ42/t-tau, p-tau181), clinical staging and longitudinal cognitive deterioration in subjects from the BioFINDER cohort, with replication of key results in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. METHODS Ferritin, acute phase response proteins (n=9) and apolipoproteins (n=6) were measured in CSF samples from BioFINDER (n=1239; 4 years cognitive follow-up) participants stratified by cognitive status (cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment, AD) and for the presence of amyloid and tangle pathology using CSF Aβ42/t-tau (A+) and p-tau181 (T+). The ferritin and apolipoprotein E associations were replicated in the ADNI (n=264) cohort. RESULTS In both cohorts, ferritin and apoE were elevated in A-T+ and A+T+ subjects (16%-40%), but not clinical diagnosis. Other apolipoproteins and acute phase response proteins increased with clinical diagnosis, not pathology. CSF ferritin was positively associated with p-tau181, which was mediated by apolipoprotein E. An optimised threshold of ferritin predicted cognitive deterioration in mild cognitive impairment subjects in the BioFINDER cohort, especially those people classified as A-T- and A+T-. CONCLUSIONS CSF markers of iron and neuroinflammation have distinct associations with disease stages, while iron may be more intimately associated with apolipoprotein E and tau pathology.
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Cullen NC, Janelidze S, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Palmqvist S, Bittner T, Suridjan I, Jethwa A, Kollmorgen G, Brum WS, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Stomrud E, Hansson O. Test-retest variability of plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease and its effects on clinical prediction models. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:797-806. [PMID: 35699240 PMCID: PMC9747985 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effect of random error on the performance of blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) must be determined before clinical implementation. METHODS We measured test-retest variability of plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40, neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau)217 and simulated effects of this variability on biomarker performance when predicting either cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ status or conversion to AD dementia in 399 non-demented participants with cognitive symptoms. RESULTS Clinical performance was highest when combining all biomarkers. Among single-biomarkers, p-tau217 performed best. Test-retest variability ranged from 4.1% (Aβ42/Aβ40) to 25% (GFAP). This variability reduced the performance of the biomarkers (≈ΔAUC [area under the curve] -1% to -4%) with the least effects on models with p-tau217. The percent of individuals with unstable predicted outcomes was lowest for the multi-biomarker combination (14%). DISCUSSION Clinical prediction models combining plasma biomarkers-particularly p-tau217-exhibit high performance and are less effected by random error. Individuals with unstable predicted outcomes ("gray zone") should be recommended for further tests.
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Blennow K, Stomrud E, Zetterberg H, Borlinghaus N, Corradini V, Manuilova E, Müller-Hübner L, Quevenco FC, Rutz S, Hansson O. Second-generation Elecsys cerebrospinal fluid immunoassays aid diagnosis of early Alzheimer's disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:234-244. [PMID: 36282960 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Timely diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is critical for appropriate treatment/patient management. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker analysis is often used to aid diagnosis. We assessed analytical performance of second-generation (Gen II) Elecsys® CSF immunoassays (Roche Diagnostics International Ltd), and adjusted existing cut-offs, to evaluate their potential utility in clinical routine. METHODS Analytical performance was assessed using CSF samples measured with Elecsys CSF Gen II immunoassays on cobas e analyzers. Aβ42 Gen I/Gen II immunoassay method comparisons were performed (Passing-Bablok regression). Cut-off values were adjusted using estimated bias in biomarker levels between BioFINDER protocol aliquots/Gen I immunoassays and Gen II protocol aliquots/immunoassays. Distribution of Gen II immunoassay values was evaluated in AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and cognitively normal cohorts; percentage observations outside the measuring range were derived. RESULTS The Gen II immunoassays demonstrated good analytical performance, including repeatability, intermediate precision, lot-to-lot agreement (Pearson's r: ≥0.999), and platform agreement (Pearson's r: ≥0.995). Aβ42 Gen I/Gen II immunoassay measurements were strongly correlated (Pearson's r: 0.985-0.999). Aβ42 Gen II immunoassay cut-offs were adjusted to 1,030 and 800 ng/L, and pTau181/Aβ42 ratio cut-offs to 0.023 and 0.029, for Gen II and I protocols, respectively. No observations were below the lower limit of the measuring range; above the upper limit, there were none from the AD cohort, and 2.6 and 6.8% from the MCI and cognitively normal cohorts, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the Gen II immunoassays have potential utility in clinical routine to aid diagnosis of AD.
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Leuzy A, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Cullen NC, Stomrud E, Palmqvist S, La Joie R, Iaccarino L, Zetterberg H, Rabinovici G, Blennow K, Janelidze S, Hansson O. Robustness of CSF Aβ42/40 and Aβ42/P-tau181 measured using fully automated immunoassays to detect AD-related outcomes. Alzheimers Dement 2023. [PMID: 36681387 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the comparability of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cutoffs for Elecsys immunoassays for amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 or Aβ42/phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181 and the effects of measurement variability when predicting Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related outcomes (i.e., Aβ-positron emission tomography [PET] visual read and AD neuropathology). METHODS We studied 750 participants (BioFINDER study, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI], and University of California San Francisco [UCSF]). Youden's index was used to identify cutoffs and to calculate accuracy (Aβ-PET visual read as outcome). Using longitudinal variability in Aβ-negative controls, we identified a gray zone around cut-points where the risk of an inconsistent predicted outcome was >5%. RESULTS For Aβ42/Aβ40, cutoffs across cohorts were <0.059 (BioFINDER), <0.057 (ADNI), and <0.058 (UCSF). For Aβ42/p-tau181, cutoffs were <41.90 (BioFINDER), <39.20 (ADNI), and <46.02 (UCSF). Accuracy was ≈90% for both Aβ42/Aβ40 and Aβ42/p-tau181 using these cutoffs. Using Aβ-PET as an outcome, 8.7% of participants fell within a gray zone interval for Aβ42/Aβ40, compared to 4.5% for Aβ42/p-tau181. Similar findings were observed using a measure of overall AD neuropathologic change (7.7% vs. 3.3%). In a subset with CSF and plasma Aβ42/40, the number of individuals within the gray zone was ≈1.5 to 3 times greater when using plasma Aβ42/40. DISCUSSION CSF Aβ42/p-tau181 was more robust to the effects of measurement variability, suggesting that it may be the preferred Elecsys-based measure in clinical practice and trials.
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Hansson O, Kumar A, Janelidze S, Stomrud E, Insel PS, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Fauman E, Hedman ÅK, Nagle MW, Whelan CD, Baird D, Mälarstig A, Mattsson‐Carlgren N. The genetic regulation of protein expression in cerebrospinal fluid. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16359. [PMID: 36504281 PMCID: PMC9832827 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of the genetic regulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins may reveal pathways for treatment of neurological diseases. 398 proteins in CSF were measured in 1,591 participants from the BioFINDER study. Protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) were identified as associations between genetic variants and proteins, with 176 pQTLs for 145 CSF proteins (P < 1.25 × 10-10 , 117 cis-pQTLs and 59 trans-pQTLs). Ventricular volume (measured with brain magnetic resonance imaging) was a confounder for several pQTLs. pQTLs for CSF and plasma proteins were overall correlated, but CSF-specific pQTLs were also observed. Mendelian randomization analyses suggested causal roles for several proteins, for example, ApoE, CD33, and GRN in Alzheimer's disease, MMP-10 in preclinical Alzheimer's disease, SIGLEC9 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and CD38, GPNMB, and ADAM15 in Parkinson's disease. CSF levels of GRN, MMP-10, and GPNMB were altered in Alzheimer's disease, preclinical Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, respectively. These findings point to pathways to be explored for novel therapies. The novel finding that ventricular volume confounded pQTLs has implications for design of future studies of the genetic regulation of the CSF proteome.
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Glans I, Sonestedt E, Nägga K, Gustavsson AM, González-Padilla E, Borne Y, Stomrud E, Melander O, Nilsson PM, Palmqvist S, Hansson O. Association Between Dietary Habits in Midlife With Dementia Incidence Over a 20-Year Period. Neurology 2023; 100:e28-e37. [PMID: 36224029 PMCID: PMC9827131 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dementia cases are expected to triple during the next 30 years, highlighting the importance of finding modifiable risk factors for dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adherence to conventional dietary recommendations or to a modified Mediterranean diet are associated with a subsequent lower risk of developing all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), or with future accumulation of AD-related β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology. METHODS Baseline examination in the prospective Swedish population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study took place in 1991-1996 with a follow-up for incident dementia until 2014. Nondemented individuals born 1923-1950 and living in Malmö were invited to participate. Thirty thousand four hundred forty-six were recruited (41% of all eligible). Twenty-eight thousand twenty-five had dietary data and were included in this study. Dietary habits were assessed with a 7-day food diary, detailed food frequency questionnaire, and 1-hour interview. Main outcomes were incident all-cause dementia, AD, or VaD determined by memory clinic physicians. Secondary outcome was Aβ-accumulation measured using CSF Aβ42 (n = 738). Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine associations between diet and risk of developing dementia (adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, smoking, physical activity, and alcohol). RESULTS Sixty-one percent were women, and the mean (SD) age was 58.1 (7.6) years. One thousand nine hundred forty-three (6.9%) were diagnosed with dementia (median follow-up, 19.8 years). Individuals adhering to conventional dietary recommendations did not have lower risk of developing all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] comparing worst with best adherence, 0.93, 95% CI 0.81-1.08), AD (HR 1.03, 0.85-1.23), or VaD (HR 0.93, 0.69-1.26). Neither did adherence to the modified Mediterranean diet lower the risk of developing all-cause dementia (HR 0.93 0.75-1.15), AD (HR 0.90, 0.68-1.19), or VaD (HR 1.00, 0.65-1.55). The results were similar when excluding participants developing dementia within 5 years or those with diabetes. No significant associations were found between diet and abnormal Aβ accumulation, conventional recommendations (OR 1.28, 0.74-2.24) or modified Mediterranean diet (OR 0.85, 0.39-1.84). DISCUSSION In this 20-year follow-up study, neither adherence to conventional dietary recommendations nor to modified Mediterranean diet were significantly associated with subsequent reduced risk for developing all-cause dementia, AD dementia, VaD, or AD pathology.
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Lindh-Rengifo M, Jonasson SB, Ullén S, Palmqvist S, van Westen D, Stomrud E, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Nilsson MH, Hansson O. Effects of Brain Pathologies on Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:161-171. [PMID: 37742636 PMCID: PMC10657715 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired gait can precede dementia. The associations between gait parameters and brain pathologies are therefore of interest. OBJECTIVE To explore how different brain pathologies (i.e., vascular and Alzheimer's) are associated with specific gait parameters from various gait components in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), who have an increased risk of developing dementia. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 96 patients with MCI (mean 72, ±7.5 years; 52% women). Gait was evaluated by using an electronic walkway, GAITRite®. Four gait parameters (step velocity variability; step length; step time; stance time asymmetry) were used as dependent variables in multivariable linear regression analyses. Independent variables included Alzheimer's disease pathologies (amyloid-β and tau) by using PET imaging and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) by using MRI. Covariates included age, sex, comorbidities (and intracranial volume in analyses that includedWMH). RESULTS Increased tau-PET (Braak I-IV region of interest [ROI]) was associated with step velocity variability (standardized regression coefficient, β= 0.383, p < 0.001) and step length (β= 0.336, p < 0.001), which remained significant when using different Braak ROIs (I-II, III-IV, V-VI). The associations remained significant when adjusting for WMH (p < 0.001). When also controlling for gait speed, tau was no longer significantly (p = 0.168) associated with an increased step length. No significant associations between gait and Aβ-PET load or WMH were identified. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that one should pay specific attention to assess step velocity variability when targeting single task gait in patients with MCI. Future studies should address additional gait variability measures and dual tasking in larger cohorts.
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Cullen NC, Janelidze S, Stomrud E, Bateman RJ, Palmqvist S, Hansson O, Mattsson-Carlgren N. Plasma amyloid-β42/40 and apolipoprotein E for amyloid PET pre-screening in secondary prevention trials of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad015. [PMID: 36926368 PMCID: PMC10012324 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The extent to which newly developed blood-based biomarkers could reduce screening costs in secondary prevention trials of Alzheimer's disease is mostly unexplored. We collected plasma amyloid-β42/40, apolipoprotein E ε4 status and amyloid PET at baseline in 181 cognitively unimpaired participants [the age of 72.9 (5.3) years; 61.9% female; education of 11.9 (3.4) years] from the Swedish BioFINDER-1 study. We tested whether a model predicting amyloid PET status from plasma amyloid-β42/40, apolipoprotein E status and age (combined) reduced cost of recruiting amyloid PET + cognitively unimpaired participants into a theoretical trial. We found that the percentage of cognitively unimpaired participants with an amyloid PET + scan rose from 29% in an unscreened population to 64% [(49, 79); P < 0.0001] when using the biomarker model to screen for high risk for amyloid PET + status. In simulations, plasma screening also resulted in a 54% reduction of the total number of amyloid PET scans required and reduced total recruitment costs by 43% [(31, 56), P < 0.001] compared to no pre-screening when assuming a 16× PET-to-plasma cost ratio. Total savings remained significant when the PET-to-plasma cost ratio was assumed to be 8× or 4×. This suggests that a simple plasma biomarker model could lower recruitment costs in Alzheimer's trials requiring amyloid PET positivity for inclusion.
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Pascoal TA, Leuzy A, Therriault J, Chamoun M, Lussier F, Tissot C, Strandberg O, Palmqvist S, Stomrud E, Ferreira PCL, Ferrari‐Souza JP, Smith R, Benedet AL, Gauthier S, Hansson O, Rosa‐Neto P. Discriminative accuracy of the A/T/N scheme to identify cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12390. [PMID: 36733847 PMCID: PMC9886860 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The optimal combination of amyloid-β/tau/neurodegeneration (A/T/N) biomarker profiles for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia is unclear. Methods We examined the discriminative accuracy of A/T/N combinations assessed with neuroimaging biomarkers for the differentiation of AD from cognitively unimpaired (CU) elderly and non-AD neurodegenerative diseases in the TRIAD, BioFINDER-1 and BioFINDER-2 cohorts (total n = 832) using area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). Results For the diagnosis of AD dementia (vs. CU elderly), T biomarkers performed as well as the complete A/T/N system (AUC range: 0.90-0.99). A and T biomarkers in isolation performed as well as the complete A/T/N system in differentiating AD dementia from non-AD neurodegenerative diseases (AUC range; A biomarker: 0.84-1; T biomarker: 0.83-1). Discussion In diagnostic settings, the use of A or T neuroimaging biomarkers alone can reduce patient burden and medical costs compared with using their combination, without significantly compromising accuracy.
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Salvadó G, Larsson V, Cody KA, Cullen N, Jonaitis EM, Stomrud E, Kollmorgen G, Wild N, Palmqvist S, Janelidze S, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Johnson SC, Ossenkoppele R, Hansson O. Best combination of CSF biomarkers for predicting cognitive decline and clinical progression: A multi‐cohort study. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Rabe C, Bittner T, Mertes M, Riley K, Jethwa A, Schrurs I, Babitzki G, Stomrud E, Palmqvist S, Sperling RA, Aisen P, Rissman RA, Masters CL, Fontoura P, Ostrowitzki S, Hansson O, Doody RS. Blood‐based biomarker prescreening in the SKYLINE secondary prevention study with gantenerumab. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.062144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Schiffman C, Bittner T, Giacobino C, Hansson O, Stomrud E, Rowe C, Sperling RA, Delmar P, Fontoura P, Ostrowitzki S, Doody RS. Determining the amyloid PET and CSF inclusion criteria for the SKYLINE secondary prevention study with gantenerumab. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.062376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Wuestefeld A, Wutt H, Berron D, Baumeister H, Binette AP, Stomrud E, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Strandberg O, Smith R, Palmqvist S, van Westen D, Hansson O, Wisse LEM. Medial temporal lobe subregional atrophy patterns in early‐ and late‐onset amnestic Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Binette AP, Franzmeier N, Spotorno N, Ewers M, Brendel M, Biel D, Strandberg O, Janelidze S, Palmqvist S, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Smith R, Stomrud E, Ossenkoppele R, Hansson O. Amyloid‐associated increases in soluble tau is a key driver in accumulation of tau aggregates and cognitive decline in early Alzheimer. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.061624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Wuestefeld A, Wutt H, Baumeister H, Berron D, Binette AP, Stomrud E, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Strandberg O, Smith R, Palmqvist S, van Westen D, Hansson O, Wisse LEM. Medial temporal lobe subregional atrophy patterns in early‐ and late‐onset amnestic Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Leuzy A, Binette AP, Vogel JW, Klein G, Borroni E, Tonietto M, Strandberg O, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Palmqvist S, Pontecorvo MJ, Stomrud E, Ossenkoppele R, Hansson O. Comparison of group‐level and individualized ROIs for predicting change in longitudinal tau‐PET in preclinical and prodromal AD. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.063057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Berron D, Baumeister H, Diers K, Reuter M, Xie L, Olsson E, Andersson F, Wisse LEM, Strandberg O, Smith R, Stomrud E, Hansson O. Hippocampal subregional thinning related to tau pathology in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Groot C, Smith R, Stomrud E, Binette AP, Leuzy A, Wuestefeld A, Wisse LEM, Palmqvist S, Janelidze S, Strandberg O, Ossenkoppele R, Hansson O. A biomarker profile of elevated CSF p‐tau with normal tau PET is associated with increased tau accumulation rates on PET in early Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.063622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Groot C, Smith R, Stomrud E, Binette AP, Leuzy A, Wuestefeld A, Wisse LEM, Palmqvist S, Janelidze S, Strandberg O, Ossenkoppele R, Hansson O. A biomarker profile of elevated CSF p‐tau with normal tau PET is associated with increased tau accumulation rates on PET in early Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.065666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Leuzy A, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Cullen N, Stomrud E, Palmqvist S, La Joie R, Iaccarino L, Zetterberg H, Rabinovici GD, Blennow K, Janelidze S, Hansson O. Robustness of CSF Aβ42/40 and Aβ42/P‐tau181 to detect AD related outcomes using fully automated immunoassays. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.063107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Pereira JB, Janelidze S, Binette AP, Strandberg O, Palmqvist S, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Stomrud E, Hansson O. Microglial activation might protect against accumulation of Aβ and tau aggregates over time in non‐demented Aβ‐positive individuals. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Binette AP, Franzmeier N, Spotorno N, Ewers M, Brendel M, Biel D, Strandberg O, Janelidze S, Palmqvist S, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Smith R, Stomrud E, Ossenkoppele R, Hansson O. Amyloid‐associated increases in soluble tau is a key driver in accumulation of tau aggregates and cognitive decline in early Alzheimer. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.065080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Pereira JB, Janelidze S, Strandberg O, Whelan CD, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Palmqvist S, Stomrud E, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Hansson O. Microglial activation protects against accumulation of tau aggregates in nondemented individuals with underlying Alzheimer's disease pathology. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:1138-1144. [PMID: 37118533 PMCID: PMC10154192 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The role of microglia in tau accumulation is currently unclear but could provide an important insight into the mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD)1. Here, we measured the microglial marker soluble TREM2 and the disease-associated microglial activation stage 2 markers AXL, MERTK, GAS6, LPL, CST7, SPP1 and CSF1 in nondemented individuals from the Swedish BioFINDER-2 cohort who underwent longitudinal tau-positron emission tomography (PET), amyloid-PET and global cognitive assessment. To assess whether baseline microglial markers had an effect on AD-related changes, we studied three sub-groups of individuals: 121 with evidence of amyloid-PET pathology (A+), 64 with additional evidence of tau-PET pathology (A+T+) and 159 without amyloid- or tau-PET pathology (A-T-). Our results showed that increased levels of TREM2 were associated with slower amyloid accumulation in A+ individuals in addition to slower tau deposition and cognitive decline in A+T+ subjects. Similarly, higher levels of AXL, MERTK, GAS6, LPL, CST7 and CSF1 predicted slower tau accumulation and/or cognitive decline in the A+T+ group. These findings have important implications for future therapeutic strategies aiming to boost microglial protective functions in AD.
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Berron D, Baumeister H, Diers K, Reuter M, Xie L, Olsson E, Andersson F, Wisse LEM, Strandberg O, Smith R, Stomrud E, Hansson O. Hippocampal subregional thinning related to tau pathology in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Wuestefeld A, Berron D, Binette AP, van Westen D, Stomrud E, Mattsson‐Carlgren N, Strandberg O, Smith R, Palmqvist S, Glenn T, Hansson O, Wisse LEM. Age‐related tau‐PET uptake and its downstream effects extend beyond the medial temporal lobe in cognitively normal older adults. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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