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Hofstra LM, Sauvageot N, Albert J, Alexiev I, Garcia F, Struck D, Van de Vijver DAMC, Åsjö B, Beshkov D, Coughlan S, Descamps D, Griskevicius A, Hamouda O, Horban A, Van Kasteren M, Kolupajeva T, Kostrikis LG, Liitsola K, Linka M, Mor O, Nielsen C, Otelea D, Paraskevis D, Paredes R, Poljak M, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Sönnerborg A, Staneková D, Stanojevic M, Van Laethem K, Zazzi M, Zidovec Lepej S, Boucher CAB, Schmit JC, Wensing AMJ, Puchhammer-Stockl E, Sarcletti M, Schmied B, Geit M, Balluch G, Vandamme AM, Vercauteren J, Derdelinckx I, Sasse A, Bogaert M, Ceunen H, De Roo A, De Wit S, Echahidi F, Fransen K, Goffard JC, Goubau P, Goudeseune E, Yombi JC, Lacor P, Liesnard C, Moutschen M, Pierard D, Rens R, Schrooten Y, Vaira D, Vandekerckhove LPR, Van den Heuvel A, Van Der Gucht B, Van Ranst M, Van Wijngaerden E, Vandercam B, Vekemans M, Verhofstede C, Clumeck N, Van Laethem K, Beshkov D, Alexiev I, Lepej SZ, Begovac J, Kostrikis L, Demetriades I, Kousiappa I, Demetriou V, Hezka J, Linka M, Maly M, Machala L, Nielsen C, Jørgensen LB, Gerstoft J, Mathiesen L, Pedersen C, Nielsen H, Laursen A, Kvinesdal B, Liitsola K, Ristola M, Suni J, Sutinen J, Descamps D, Assoumou L, Castor G, Grude M, Flandre P, Storto A, Hamouda O, Kücherer C, Berg T, Braun P, Poggensee G, Däumer M, Eberle J, Heiken H, Kaiser R, Knechten H, Korn K, Müller H, Neifer S, Schmidt B, Walter H, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Harrer T, Paraskevis D, Hatzakis A, Zavitsanou A, Vassilakis A, Lazanas M, Chini M, Lioni A, Sakka V, Kourkounti S, Paparizos V, Antoniadou A, Papadopoulos A, Poulakou G, Katsarolis I, Protopapas K, Chryssos G, Drimis S, Gargalianos P, Xylomenos G, Lourida G, Psichogiou M, Daikos GL, Sipsas NV, Kontos A, Gamaletsou MN, Koratzanis G, Sambatakou H, Mariolis H, Skoutelis A, Papastamopoulos V, Georgiou O, Panagopoulos P, Maltezos E, Coughlan S, De Gascun C, Byrne C, Duffy M, Bergin C, Reidy D, Farrell G, Lambert J, O'Connor E, Rochford A, Low J, Coakely P, O'Dea S, Hall W, Mor O, Levi I, Chemtob D, Grossman Z, Zazzi M, de Luca A, Balotta C, Riva C, Mussini C, Caramma I, Capetti A, Colombo MC, Rossi C, Prati F, Tramuto F, Vitale F, Ciccozzi M, Angarano G, Rezza G, Kolupajeva T, Vasins O, Griskevicius A, Lipnickiene V, Schmit JC, Struck D, Sauvageot N, Hemmer R, Arendt V, Michaux C, Staub T, Sequin-Devaux C, Wensing AMJ, Boucher CAB, van de Vijver DAMC, van Kessel A, van Bentum PHM, Brinkman K, Connell BJ, van der Ende ME, Hoepelman IM, van Kasteren M, Kuipers M, Langebeek N, Richter C, Santegoets RMWJ, Schrijnders-Gudde L, Schuurman R, van de Ven BJM, Åsjö B, Kran AMB, Ormaasen V, Aavitsland P, Horban A, Stanczak JJ, Stanczak GP, Firlag-Burkacka E, Wiercinska-Drapalo A, Jablonowska E, Maolepsza E, Leszczyszyn-Pynka M, Szata W, Camacho R, Palma C, Borges F, Paixão T, Duque V, Araújo F, Otelea D, Paraschiv S, Tudor AM, Cernat R, Chiriac C, Dumitrescu F, Prisecariu LJ, Stanojevic M, Jevtovic D, Salemovic D, Stanekova D, Habekova M, Chabadová Z, Drobkova T, Bukovinova P, Shunnar A, Truska P, Poljak M, Lunar M, Babic D, Tomazic J, Vidmar L, Vovko T, Karner P, Garcia F, Paredes R, Monge S, Moreno S, Del Amo J, Asensi V, Sirvent JL, de Mendoza C, Delgado R, Gutiérrez F, Berenguer J, Garcia-Bujalance S, Stella N, de Los Santos I, Blanco JR, Dalmau D, Rivero M, Segura F, Elías MJP, Alvarez M, Chueca N, Rodríguez-Martín C, Vidal C, Palomares JC, Viciana I, Viciana P, Cordoba J, Aguilera A, Domingo P, Galindo MJ, Miralles C, Del Pozo MA, Ribera E, Iribarren JA, Ruiz L, de la Torre J, Vidal F, Clotet B, Albert J, Heidarian A, Aperia-Peipke K, Axelsson M, Mild M, Karlsson A, Sönnerborg A, Thalme A, Navér L, Bratt G, Karlsson A, Blaxhult A, Gisslén M, Svennerholm B, Bergbrant I, Björkman P, Säll C, Mellgren Å, Lindholm A, Kuylenstierna N, Montelius R, Azimi F, Johansson B, Carlsson M, Johansson E, Ljungberg B, Ekvall H, Strand A, Mäkitalo S, Öberg S, Holmblad P, Höfer M, Holmberg H, Josefson P, Ryding U. Transmission of HIV Drug Resistance and the Predicted Effect on Current First-line Regimens in Europe. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 62:655-663. [PMID: 26620652 PMCID: PMC4741360 DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmitted human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in Europe is stable at around 8%. The impact of baseline mutation patterns on susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs should be addressed using clinical guidelines. The impact on baseline susceptibility is largest for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Background. Numerous studies have shown that baseline drug resistance patterns may influence the outcome of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, guidelines recommend drug resistance testing to guide the choice of initial regimen. In addition to optimizing individual patient management, these baseline resistance data enable transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to be surveyed for public health purposes. The SPREAD program systematically collects data to gain insight into TDR occurring in Europe since 2001. Methods. Demographic, clinical, and virological data from 4140 antiretroviral-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected individuals from 26 countries who were newly diagnosed between 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. Evidence of TDR was defined using the WHO list for surveillance of drug resistance mutations. Prevalence of TDR was assessed over time by comparing the results to SPREAD data from 2002 to 2007. Baseline susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs was predicted using the Stanford HIVdb program version 7.0. Results. The overall prevalence of TDR did not change significantly over time and was 8.3% (95% confidence interval, 7.2%–9.5%) in 2008–2010. The most frequent indicators of TDR were nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations (4.5%), followed by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations (2.9%) and protease inhibitor mutations (2.0%). Baseline mutations were most predictive of reduced susceptibility to initial NNRTI-based regimens: 4.5% and 6.5% of patient isolates were predicted to have resistance to regimens containing efavirenz or rilpivirine, respectively, independent of current NRTI backbones. Conclusions. Although TDR was highest for NRTIs, the impact of baseline drug resistance patterns on susceptibility was largest for NNRTIs. The prevalence of TDR assessed by epidemiological surveys does not clearly indicate to what degree susceptibility to different drug classes is affected.
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Alves AFF, Alvarez M, Ribeiro SM, Duarte SB, Miranda JRA, Pina DR. Association between subjective evaluation and physical parameters for radiographic images optimization. Phys Med 2015; 32:123-32. [PMID: 26573131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology to optimize computed radiographic techniques to image the skull, chest, and pelvis of a standard patient. METHODS Optimization was performed by varying exposure levels with different tube voltages to generate images of an anthropomorphic phantom. Image quality was evaluated using visual grading analysis and measuring objective parameters such as the effective detective quantum efficiency and the contrast-to-noise ratio. Objective and subjective evaluations were compared to obtain an optimized technique for each anatomic region. RESULTS Gold standard techniques provided a significant reduction in X-ray doses compared to the techniques used in our radiology service, without compromising diagnostic accuracy. They were chosen as follows 102 kVp/1.6 mAs for skull; 81 kVp/4.5 mAs for pelvis and 90 kVp/3.2 mAs for chest. CONCLUSION There is a range of acceptable techniques that produce adequate images for diagnosis in computed radiography systems. This aspect allows the optimization process to be focused on the patient dose without compromising diagnostic capabilities. This process should be performed through association of quantitative and qualitative parameters, such as effective detective quantum efficiency, contrast-to-noise ratio, and visual grading analysis.
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López-Urueña E, Alvarez M, Gomes-Alves S, Anel-López L, Martínez-Rodríguez C, Manrique P, Borragan S, Anel L, de Paz P. Optimization of conditions for long-term prefreezing storage of brown bear sperm before cryopreservation. Theriogenology 2015; 84:1161-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Limon R, Ruiz R, Serrano M, Lopez A, Alvarez M, Marrufo C, Luis M, Valdiviezo N. 2725 Single institution experience with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in stage IB2 cervical cancer. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zamora MJ, Alvarez M, Olmedo J, Blanco MC, Pozio E. Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Iberian peninsula. Vet Parasitol 2015; 210:255-9. [PMID: 25913596 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nematode worms of the genus Trichinella are zoonotic parasites circulating in most continents, including Europe. In Spain, Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi are highly prevalent in wildlife but seldom in domestic pigs. In Portugal, only T. britovi was documented in wild carnivores. In the period 2006-2013 in Spain, 384 (0.0001%) pigs and 1399 (0.20%) wild boars (Sus scrofa) were positive for Trichinella spp. larvae, which were identified as T. spiralis or T. britovi. In 2014, Trichinella pseudospiralis larvae were isolated from a wild boar hunted in the Gerona province, Cataluña region, North-East of Spain, near the border to France. This is the first report of T. pseudospiralis in the Iberian peninsula, which suggests a broad distribution area of this zoonotic nematode in Europe. Since larvae of this Trichinella species do not encapsulate in the host muscles, they can be detected only by artificial digestion of muscle samples. T. pseudospiralis is the only Trichinella species infecting both mammals and birds. Birds can spread this pathogen over great distances including islands triggering new foci of infections in areas previously considered at low risk for this pathogen.
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Tomás I, Alvarez M, Limeres J, Tomás M, Medina J, Otero JL, Diz P. Effect of a Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on the Risk of Postextraction Bacteremia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015; 28:577-82. [PMID: 17464918 DOI: 10.1086/516663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective.
To investigate the prevalence, duration, and etiology of bacteremia following dental extractions performed after a single administration of Chlorhexidine mouthwash.
Design and Setting.
A randomized, controlled trial performed in a university hospital.
Methods.
A series of 106 patients with mental and behavioral disabilities who underwent dental extractions under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to a control group or Chlorhexidine group. The exclusion criteria applied were use of antibiotics in the previous 3 months, use of oral antiseptics, any type of congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, and disease that predisposes the patient to infections or bleeding. The Chlorhexidine group had 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash administered for 30 seconds before any dental manipulation. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 30 seconds, 15 minutes, and 1 hour after the dental extractions. Subculture and further identification of the isolated bacteria were performed by conventional microbiological techniques.
Results.
The prevalence of bacteremia after dental extraction in the control and Chlorhexidine groups were 96% and 79%, respectively, at 30 seconds (P = .008), 64% and 30% at 15 minutes (P <.001), and 20% and 2% at 1 hour (P = .005). The most frequently identified bacteria were Streptococcus species in both the control and Chlorhexidine groups (64% and 68%, respectively), particularly viridans group streptococci.
Conclusion.
We recommend the routine use of a 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash before dental extractions to reduce the risk of postextraction bacteremia.
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Navas H, Graffi Moltrasio L, Ares F, Strumia G, Dourado E, Alvarez M. Using mobile devices to improve the safety of medication administration processes. Stud Health Technol Inform 2015; 216:903. [PMID: 26262205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Within preventable medical errors, those related to medications are frequent in every stage of the prescribing cycle. Nursing is responsible for maintaining each patients safety and care quality. Moreover, nurses are the last people who can detect an error in medication before its administration. Medication administration is one of the riskiest tasks in nursing. The use of information and communication technologies is related to a decrease in these errors. Including mobile devices related to 2D code reading of patients and medication will decrease the possibility of error when preparing and administering medication by nurses. A cross-platform software (iOS and Android) was developed to ensure the five Rights of the medication administration process (patient, medication, dose, route and schedule). Deployment in November showed 39% use.
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Dottavio AM, Alvarez M, Advinculo S, Martines A, Canet ZE, Di Masso RJ. Análisis dimensional del crecimiento en cinco híbridos experimentales de pollos camperos con diferente genotipo materno. FAVE SECCIÓN CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS 2014. [DOI: 10.14409/favecv.v12i1/2.4545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Gomes-Alves S, Alvarez M, Nicolas M, Martínez-Rodríguez C, Borragán S, Chamorro CA, Anel L, de Paz P. Salvaging urospermic ejaculates from brown bear (Ursus arctos). Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 150:148-57. [PMID: 25278437 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to reverse the osmotic stress of sperm in urine contaminated bear ejaculates that were obtained by electroejaculation using pre-freezing washing or density gradient centrifugation isolation. In Experiment 1, ejaculates were divided into six aliquots, five were diluted in each washing extender: 200, 300, 400, 500 and 700 mOsm/kg (prepared from a Tes-Tris-Fructose base, adding water or fructose as corresponds), at a 1:2 ratio (raw semen: washing solution, v/v); and the other aliquot was handled without washing (Control group). Samples were centrifuged at 600 × g for 6 min prior to freezing. In Experiment 2, ejaculates were divided into two aliquots: one was diluted 1:1 with TCG (Tris-Citric acid-Glucose) and centrifuged at 600 × g for 6 min (Centrifugation Control; C-Control); the other was treated with PureSperm density gradient column. After treatments, samples were cryopreserved. Sperm motility, viability (SYBR-14/propidium iodide (PI)) and acrosomal status (peanut agglutinin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (PNA-FITC)/PI) were analyzed before and after freezing. Ejaculates with an initial osmolality of less than 120 mOsm/kg treated with pre-freezing washing, and the Control sample had greater pre-freezing sperm motility than the raw ejaculate, but sperm viability was not different among these groups. The samples washed with 700 mOsm/kg solutions had the least pre-freezing viability. In the post-thawing evaluation, pre-freezing washing treatments did not provide any improvement in comparison with the Control sample, and treatment with 700 mOsm/kg extender had deleterious effects in all urospermic samples. PureSperm density gradient centrifugation applied to urospermic raw semen was suitable for improving sperm motility and viability of pre-freezing samples and the selected spermatozoa had greater freezing capacity.
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Valyavin G, Shulyak D, Wade GA, Antonyuk K, Zharikov SV, Galazutdinov GA, Plachinda S, Bagnulo S, Machado LF, Alvarez M, Clark DM, Lopez JM, Hiriart D, Han I, Jeon YB, Zurita C, Mujica R, Burlakova T, Szeifert T, Burenkov A. Suppression of cooling by strong magnetic fields in white dwarf stars. Nature 2014; 515:88-91. [PMID: 25327247 DOI: 10.1038/nature13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Isolated cool white dwarf stars more often have strong magnetic fields than young, hotter white dwarfs, which has been a puzzle because magnetic fields are expected to decay with time but a cool surface suggests that the star is old. In addition, some white dwarfs with strong fields vary in brightness as they rotate, which has been variously attributed to surface brightness inhomogeneities similar to sunspots, chemical inhomogeneities and other magneto-optical effects. Here we describe optical observations of the brightness and magnetic field of the cool white dwarf WD 1953-011 taken over about eight years, and the results of an analysis of its surface temperature and magnetic field distribution. We find that the magnetic field suppresses atmospheric convection, leading to dark spots in the most magnetized areas. We also find that strong fields are sufficient to suppress convection over the entire surface in cool magnetic white dwarfs, which inhibits their cooling evolution relative to weakly magnetic and non-magnetic white dwarfs, making them appear younger than they truly are. This explains the long-standing mystery of why magnetic fields are more common amongst cool white dwarfs, and implies that the currently accepted ages of strongly magnetic white dwarfs are systematically too young.
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Hidalgo A, Alonsog S, Vizcaino S, Montaño L, Alvarez M, Maiilo MA, Muñoz JI, Sanchez-Chorro JL. Aging Impact Over the National Health Cost in Extremadura Public Health Expenditure of Extremadura in the Period 2011-21. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A520. [PMID: 27201624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Luaces P, Sánchez L, Viada C, Frias A, Alvarez M, Rodríguez PC. The statistical analysis of delayed effects in survival outcomes for immunotherapies. Estimation of time-delay and application of weighted log rank. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A547. [PMID: 27201775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Monge S, Díez M, Alvarez M, Guillot V, Iribarren JA, Palacios R, Delgado R, Jaén A, Blanco JR, Domingo P, Portilla J, Pérez Elías MJ, Garcia F. Use of cohort data to estimate national prevalence of transmitted drug resistance to antiretroviral drugs in Spain (2007-2012). Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 21:105.e1-5. [PMID: 25636937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (pTDR) to antiretroviral drugs in Spain (2007-2012) was estimated using the CoRIS cohort, adjusting its territorial distribution and transmission route to the reference population from the Spanish Information System on New human immunodeficiency virus diagnoses. A total of 2702 patients from ten autonomous communities and with naive FASTA sequence within 6 months of human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis were selected. Weighted pTDR, estimated using the inverse probability of selection in the sample by autonomous communities and transmission group, was 8.12% (95% CI 6.44-9.80), not significantly different from unweighted pTDR. We illustrate how proportional weighting can maximize representativeness of cohort-based data, and its value to monitor pTDR at country level.
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Alvarez M, Monge S, Chueca N, Guillot V, Viciana P, Anta L, Rodriguez C, Gomez-Sirvent JL, Navarro G, de los Santos I, Moreno S, García F. Transmitted drug resistance to rilpivirine in newly diagnosed antiretroviral naive adults. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 21:104.e1-5. [PMID: 25636936 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We characterized transmitted drug resistance to rilpivirine and the predicted efficacy of first-line rilpivirine-containing regimens in antiretroviral-naive Spanish patients. International Antiviral Society-USA mutations were detected in 138 of 2781 patients (4.9%), E138A (3.4%) being the most prevalent. Using the Stanford Algorithm, 121 patients (4.4%) showed low-level or intermediate resistance. No differences in the predicted efficacy of first-line non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens were observed. As rilpivirine becomes more widely used in clinical practice, the evolution of its transmitted drug resistance will need to be monitored. In addition, the exact role of E138A singletons on rilpivirine activity as part of first-line regimens merits further evaluation.
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López-Urueña E, Alvarez M, Gomes-Alves S, Manrique P, Anel-López L, Chamorro CA, Borragan S, de Paz P, Anel L. Alternative procedures for the cryopreservation of brown bear ejaculates depending on the flexibility of the "in cooling" period (5°C). Cryobiology 2014; 69:434-41. [PMID: 25315224 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The adaptability of cryopreservation protocols for brown bear spermatozoa collected under field conditions and frozen in a nearby laboratory (transported for a few hours) or shipped to a reference laboratory for sex sorting (transported for a few days) was evaluated. Forty-nine electroejaculates from 15 mature brown bears were extended to 100×10(6) sperm/mL in a TES-Tris-Fructose based extender and cryopreserved (-20°C/min to -100°C and stored at -196°C). After thawing, the quality of the seminal samples was assessed for total (TM), progressive (PM) motility and kinetic parameters - by CASA -, and viability (VIAB), viable and non-apoptotic status (YOPRO-), high membrane mitochondrial potential (MIT) and intact acrosomes (iACR) - by flow cytometry -. In Experiment 1, we assessed different storage times (0, 0.5, 1 - control -, 4-5, 7-8 and 11-12 h) at 5°C from final dilution to freezing. After thawing, non-equilibrated samples (0 h) showed lower values of iACR, TM and PM. No significant differences were found for the different periods of equilibration tested. In Experiment 2, we evaluated three long-term storage times (24, 48 and 72 h) at 5°C before freezing using storage for 1h as control. The post-thawing quality of brown bear spermatozoa declined markedly after 48-72 h of pre-freezing. In conclusion, our findings suggest the possibility of extending the pre-freezing cooling period up to 24h post-collection without freezing. This knowledge should enable the adaptation of the freezing protocols for when a special handling conditions are required such as the shipment of seminal samples to technological centers for the pre-freezing application of enhancer spermatic biotechnologies.
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Gomes-Alves S, Alvarez M, Nicolas M, Lopez -Urueña E, Martínez-Rodríguez C, Borragan S, de Paz P, Anel L. Use of commercial extenders and alternatives to prevent sperm agglutination for cryopreservation of brown bear semen. Theriogenology 2014; 82:469-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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López-Urueña E, Alvarez M, Gomes-Alves S, Martínez-Rodríguez C, Borragan S, Anel-López L, de Paz P, Anel L. Tolerance of brown bear spermatozoa to conditions of pre-freezing cooling rate and equilibration time. Theriogenology 2014; 81:1229-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Laffont MA, Sommet A, Alvarez M, Bruyand M, Bonnet J, Marchou B, Delobel P. A-10: Complications infectieuses des lymphomes liés au VIH pris en charge par une association rituximab-polychimiothérapie. Med Mal Infect 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(14)70093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Morin S, Bertozzi A, Rubie H, Gambart M, Alvarez M, Pasquet M. SFCE P-04 - Bactériémie à Staphylococcus aureus et cathéters centraux en oncologie pédiatrique. Arch Pediatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(14)71620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lombardi R, Rosa-Diez G, Ferreiro A, Greloni G, Yu L, Younes-Ibrahim M, Burdmann EA, Plata-Cornejo R, Granado RCD, e Silva ACA, Naseri AP, Balbi A, Teixeira AA, Stein A, Vieira AE, de Almeida Inda AJ, Pereira B, Cortez CC, Fraga CN, Chula DC, d'Avila DO, Romao EA, de Lima E, Klaus F, Santos FRL, Barcellos FC, Herdoiza G, Dos Santos GM, Lotaif LD, Peres LAB, Yu L, Miorin LA, de Andrade MC, Vannucchi MTI, Oliveira M, Younes-Ibrahim M, Huehara M, dos Santos OP, Neto OV, de Medeiros RN, Laranja S, Sobral TD, de Castro Santos T, Dutra W, Pacheco A, Boltansky A, Cortes DES, Briones E, Quintana E, Roessler E, Goecke H, Hurtado H, Flores JC, Penaloza JC, Espinoza M, Alvarez M, Nunez M, Quintero N, Downey P, Wainstein R, Ayca V, Garces EO, Calderon MC, Almonte AF, Dominguez CC, Jimenez R, Rodriguez S, Cruz CS, Acosta DJ, Ortiz F, Vivas NM, Correa-Rotter R, Cueto-Manzano A, de Freitas Patino O, Benitez DC, Gimenez E, Brizuela R, Bobadilla SCF, Hurtado A, Kalugina A, Huaman C, Postigo C, Loza C, Maldonado E, Solis G, Sakihara G, Hernandez J, Gonzalez JL, Rodriguez J, Fiestas M, Hinojosa R, Barreto R, Ferreiro A, Operti A, Maino A, Alvarez A, Gelabert B, Szpinak B, Burgos C, Verdaguer C, Rugnitz E, Tambucho D, Gronros E, Gonzalez F, Olaizola I, Panissa J, Fernandez-Cean J, Garcia M, Mautone M, Odriozola M, Forselledo M, Andrade M, Labella M, Dibello N, Canzani O, Marchese R, Llopart T, Matonte V, Maseda C, Oteiza DU, Rumbos LO, Moreno MD. Acute kidney injury in Latin America: a view on renal replacement therapy resources. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014; 29:1369-76. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Harwani N, Alvarez M, Chukwu E, Thohan V. Brachial Vein Right Heart Access: A Comparative Analysis of >1100 Cases. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Alvarez M, Urbina G, Perdomo L. Excretion Product of Shigella dysenteriae (SdyEP) Induced Cell Death in Early Larval Stage of Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Acridine Orange and Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) in vivo Staining. INT J MORPHOL 2014. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022014000100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sivasubramanian PS, Reimers LL, Greenlee H, Terry MB, Hershman D, Maurer M, Kalinsky K, Awad D, Xiao T, Sandoval R, Alvarez M, Quirarte A, Campbell J, Crew KD. Abstract P5-13-01: Uptake of breast cancer chemoprevention among high-risk women and those with ductal carcinoma in situ. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p5-13-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Chemoprevention with antiestrogens, such as tamoxifen, raloxifene, and aromatase inhibitors (AIs), reduces breast cancer incidence in high-risk women. However, uptake has been poor in the prevention setting. We examined demographic and clinical factors that influenced chemoprevention uptake in women with an elevated Gail risk score (≥1.67%), lobular/ductal carcinoma in situ (LCIS/DCIS), and/or BRCA mutation carriers.
Methods: We enrolled women prospectively without a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer, who were seen for an initial consultation by breast surgery or medical oncology at Columbia University Medical Center. Eligibility for chemoprevention included a 5-year Gail risk ≥1.67%, LCIS, known BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, or hormone receptor (HR)-positive DCIS. Demographic and risk factor data were collected from a self-administered baseline questionnaire and clinical data from medical chart review, including prior/current chemoprevention, type of antiestrogen, duration of use, and toxicities. Differences in distribution of risk factors between women who ever took chemoprevention and those who did not were examined using chi-square statistics or Fisher's exact test. We used log-binomial regression models to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using chemoprevention uptake as the dependent variable. A subset of high-risk women completed questionnaires assessing their attitudes towards chemoprevention and perceived risks/benefits.
Results: Among 412 women enrolled between March 2007 and April 2013, 316 (77%) were eligible for chemoprevention. Main reasons for ineligibility included 5-year Gail risk <1.67% (40%), age <35 (24%), HR-negative DCIS (17%), opting for bilateral mastectomies (11%), and medical contraindications (8%). Among those eligible for chemoprevention, median age 53 (26-88); White/Hispanic/Black/Asian/other (%): 55/29/8/7/1; risk category, 5-year Gail risk ≥1.67%/LCIS/DCIS/BRCA mutation (%): 36/22/40/2. Overall, 162 (51%) women started an antiestrogen (72% for DCIS and 37% among high-risk women), including 114 on tamoxifen, 40 on raloxifene, and 11 on an AI. Early discontinuation occurred in 27 (18%) women, but 7 switched to a different antiestrogen. In univariable analysis, postmenopausal status and medical oncology referral were associated with higher chemoprevention uptake. In multivariable analysis, only higher risk was a significant predictor of chemoprevention uptake. Among the subset of women who completed additional questionnaires on attitudes towards chemoprevention, they reported that the most important factors in chemoprevention decision-making included their healthcare provider (50%), results of chemoprevention studies (44%), and knowledge about others’ experience with chemoprevention (44%). The majority (69%) were concerned about side effects, specifically blood clots with tamoxifen and raloxifene and bone fractures with AIs.
Conclusions: In high-risk women seen at an academic breast center, chemoprevention uptake was relatively high compared to the published literature. Further research is needed to determine how the risks and benefits of chemoprevention are best communicated to women to enhance informed decision-making and increase uptake of chemoprevention strategies.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-13-01.
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Pulgar J, Poblete E, Alvarez M, Morales JP, Aranda B, Aldana M, Pulgar VM. Can upwelling signals be detected in intertidal fishes of different trophic levels? JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2013; 83:1407-1415. [PMID: 24117929 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
For intertidal fishes belonging to three species, the herbivore Scartichthys viridis (Blenniidae), the omnivore Girella laevifrons (Kyphosidae) and the carnivore Graus nigra (Kyphosidae), mass and body size relationships were higher in individuals from an upwelling zone compared with those from a non-upwelling zone. RNA:DNA were higher in the herbivores and omnivores from the upwelling zone. Higher biomass and RNA:DNA in the upwelling intertidal fishes may be a consequence of an increased exposure to higher nutrient availability, suggesting that increased physiological conditioning in vertebrates from upwelling areas can be detected and measured using intertidal fishes of different trophic levels.
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Zamudio S, Kovalenko O, Echalar L, Torricos T, Al-Khan A, Alvarez M, Illsley NP. Evidence for extraplacental sources of circulating angiogenic growth effectors in human pregnancy. Placenta 2013; 34:1170-6. [PMID: 24161217 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are associated with reduced blood flow, contributing to placental and fetal hypoxia. Placental hypoxia is thought to cause altered production of angiogenic growth effectors (AGEs), reflected in the circulation of mother and fetus. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF) and their soluble binding protein (sFlt-1) are, in turn, postulated as being causally involved in PE via induction of systemic endothelial cell dysfunction. To dissect the role of AGEs, accurate measurement is of great importance. However, the values of AGEs are highly variable, contributing to heterogeneity in their association (or lack thereof) with preeclampsia. To test the hypothesis that variability may be due to peripheral cell release of AGEs we obtained blood samples from normal healthy pregnant women (n = 90) and the cord blood of a subset of their neonates using standard serum separation and compared results obtained in parallel samples collected into reagents designed to inhibit peripheral cell activation (sodium citrate, theophylline, adenosine and dipyridamole-CTAD). AGEs were measured by ELISA. CTAD collection reduced maternal and fetal free VEGF by 83%, and 98%, respectively. Free PlGF was decreased by 29%, maternal sFlt-1 by >20% and fetal sFlt-1 by 59% in the CTAD-treated vs. serum sample (p < 0.0001). In summary blood collection techniques can profoundly alter measured concentrations of AGEs in mother and fetus. This process is highly variable, contributes to variation reported in the literature, and renders questionable the true impact of alteration in AGEs on pregnancy pathologies.
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