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Di Fabio G, Zarrelli A, Romanucci V, Greca M, De Napoli L, Previtera L. New Silybin Scaffold for Chemical Diversification: Synthesis of Novel 23-Phosphodiester Silybin Conjugates. Synlett 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1317688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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77
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Zarrelli A, DellaGreca M, Parolisi A, Iesce MR, Cermola F, Temussi F, Isidori M, Lavorgna M, Passananti M, Previtera L. Chemical fate and genotoxic risk associated with hypochlorite treatment of nicotine. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 426:132-138. [PMID: 22521104 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine, the main alkaloid of tobacco, is a non- prescription drug to which all members of a tobacco-smoking society are exposed either through direct smoke inhalation or through second-hand passive 'smoking'. Nicotine is also commercially available in some pharmaceutical products and is used worldwide as a botanical insecticide in agriculture. Nicotine dynamics in indoor and outdoor environments as well as the human excretions and the manufacturing process are responsible for its entry in the environment through municipal and industrial wastewater discharges. The presence of nicotine in surface and ground waters points out that it survives a conventional treatment process and persists in potable-water supplies. Complete removal of nicotine is instead reported when additional chlorination steps are used. In this paper a simulation of STP chlorination of nicotine and a genotoxic evaluation of its main degradation products are reported. Under laboratory conditions removal of nicotine seems not to be due to mineralization but to transformation in oxidized and chlorinated products. The by-products have been isolated after fractionation by diverse chromatographic procedures and their structures determined using mass spectrometry and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. Preliminary genotoxic SOS Chromotests with Escherichia coli PQ37 evidence no toxicity of the products.
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Fabio GD, Malgieri G, Isernia C, D'Onofrio J, Gaglione M, Messere A, Zarrelli A, De Napoli L. A novel synthetic strategy for monosubstituted cyclodextrin derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3875-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc30550j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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79
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Comegna D, DellaGreca M, Rosaria Iesce M, Previtera L, Zarrelli A, Zuppolini S. Regiodivergent synthesis of trisubstituted furans through Tf2O-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts acylation: a tool for access to tetrahydrofuranlignan analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:1219-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06560b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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80
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Temussi F, Cermola F, DellaGreca M, Iesce MR, Passananti M, Previtera L, Zarrelli A. Determination of photostability and photodegradation products of indomethacin in aqueous media. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:678-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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81
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Zarrelli A, Sgambato A, Petito V, De Napoli L, Previtera L, Di Fabio G. New C-23 modified of silybin and 2,3-dehydrosilybin: synthesis and preliminary evaluation of antioxidant properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4389-92. [PMID: 21737270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Silybin is the major flavonolignan of silymarin and it displays a plethora of biological effects, generally ascribed to its antioxidant properties. Herein we shall describe an efficient synthetic strategy to obtain a variety of new and more water-soluble silybin and 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHS) derivatives in which the 23-hydroxyl group was converted to a sulfate, phosphodiester, or amine group, using a solution-phase approach. Furthermore a new and efficient method for the preparation of DHS from silybin was developed and optimised. The antioxidant properties of the new compounds were evaluated in a cellular model in vivo and they displayed an antioxidant activity comparable to or higher than silybin and DHS, being able to prevent H(2)O(2)-induced generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Most of the derivatives also displayed a better hydrophilicity while retaining the biological activities of silybin and they might broaden the in vivo applications of this class of natural compounds.
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Ferrazzano GF, Amato I, Ingenito A, Zarrelli A, Pinto G, Pollio A. Plant polyphenols and their anti-cariogenic properties: a review. Molecules 2011; 16:1486-507. [PMID: 21317840 PMCID: PMC6259836 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16021486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols constitute one of the most common groups of substances in plants. Polyphenolic compounds have been reported to have a wide range of biological activities, many of which are related to their conventional antioxidant action; however, increasing scientific knowledge has highlighted their potential activity in preventing oral disease, including the prevention of tooth decay. The aim of this review is to show the emerging findings on the anti-cariogenic properties of polyphenols, which have been obtained from several in vitro studies investigating the effects of these bioactive molecules against Streptococcus mutans, as well as in vivo studies. The analysis of the literature supports the anti-bacterial role of polyphenols on cariogenic streptococci, suggesting (1) a direct effect against S. mutans; (2) an interaction with microbial membrane proteins inhibiting the adherence of bacterial cells to the tooth surface; and (3) the inhibition of glucosyl transferase and amylase. However, more studies, particularly in vivo and in situ, are necessary to establish conclusive evidence for the effectiveness and the clinical applications of these compounds in the prevention of dental caries. It is essential to better determine the nature and distribution of these compounds in our diet and to identify which of the hundreds of existing polyphenols are likely to provide the greatest effects.
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DellaGreca M, Previtera L, Zarrelli A. A new aromatic component from Oxalis pes-caprae. Nat Prod Res 2010; 24:958-61. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410902809286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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84
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DellaGreca M, Zarrelli A, Fergola P, Cerasuolo M, Pollio A, Pinto G. Fatty Acids Released by Chlorella vulgaris and Their Role in Interference with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: Experiments and Modelling. J Chem Ecol 2010; 36:339-49. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-010-9753-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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85
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DellaGreca M, Cutillo F, Abrosca BD, Fiorentino A, Pacifico S, Zarrelli A. Antioxidant and Radical Scavenging Properties of Malva Sylvestris. Nat Prod Commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0900400702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extract of Malva sylvestris was measured by its ability to scavenge the DPPH and superoxide anion radicals and to induce the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex. Analysis of the extract, carried out by different chromatographic techniques, led to the isolation of eleven compounds: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid, methyl 2-hydroxydihydrocinnamate, scopoletin, N-trans-feruloyl tyramine, a sesquiterpene, (3 R,7 E)-3-hydroxy-5,7-megastigmadien-9-one, and (10 E,15 Z)-9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadeca-10,15-dienoic acid. The antioxidant activities of all these compounds are reported.
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DellaGreca M, Cutillo F, D'Abrosca B, Fiorentino A, Pacifico S, Zarrelli A. Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of Malva sylvestris. Nat Prod Commun 2009; 4:893-896. [PMID: 19731587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extract of Malva sylvestris was measured by its ability to scavenge the DPPH and superoxide anion radicals and to induce the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex. Analysis of the extract, carried out by different chromatographic techniques, led to the isolation of eleven compounds: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid, methyl 2-hydroxydihydrocinnamate, scopoletin, N-trans-feruloyl tyramine, a sesquiterpene, (3R,7E)-3-hydroxy-5,7-megastigmadien-9-one, and (10E,15Z)-9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadeca-10,15-dienoic acid. The antioxidant activities of all these compounds are reported.
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DellaGreca M, Previtera L, Purcaro R, Zarrelli A. Phytotoxic aromatic constituents of Oxalis pes-caprae. Chem Biodivers 2009; 6:459-65. [PMID: 19353540 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A cinnamic acid ester, two dihydrocinnamic acid esters, a noroxyneolignan, a dibenzyl ether derivative, along with common aromatic compounds and flavonoids were isolated from the extracts of fresh leaves and twigs of Oxalis pes-caprae. The structures of these aromatic compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, especially 2D-NMR techniques. Their effects on the germination and growth of Lactuca sativa L. as standard target species have been studied at concentrations ranging from 10(-4) to 10(-7) M. The activities of some compounds were higher than that of pendimethalin, a commercial pre-emergence herbicide.
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DellaGreca M, Purcaro R, Previtera L, Zarrelli A. Phenyl Cinnamate Derivatives fromOxalis pes-caprae. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:2408-14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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89
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Fiorentino A, D'Abrosca B, Dellagreca M, Izzo A, Natale A, Pascarella MT, Pacifico S, Zarrelli A, Monaco P. Chemical characterization of new oxylipins from Cestrum parqui, and their effects on seed germination and early seedling growth. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:1780-91. [PMID: 18816534 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Isolation, chemical characterization, and phytotoxicity of five new oxylipins, together with seven already known related compounds, from Cestrum parqui L' Hérl. is reported. All the structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data, especially 1D-(1H- and 13C-NMR, DEPT) and 2D-NMR (COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY). The configurations of the stereogenic C-atoms were determined by the Mosher's method. The compounds have been assayed for their phytotoxicity on Lactuca sativa at concentrations ranging between 10(-4) and 10(-8) M. The results of the phytotoxicity tests on the germination and growth of the test species, obtained by a cluster analysis, showed interesting relationship between the chemical structures of the compounds and their biological effects.
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90
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Canterino M, Marotta R, Temussi F, Zarrelli A. Photochemical behaviour of musk tibetene. A chemical and kinetic investigation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2008; 15:182-187. [PMID: 18504835 DOI: 10.1065/espr2007.12.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic musk compounds are widely used as additives in personal care and household products. The photochemical degradation of musk tibetene in aqueous solutions or in acetonitrile/water mixtures under different conditions was studied in order to assess its environmental fate. METHODS Musk tibetene dissolved (or suspended) in water and/or acetonitrile/water mixtures was irradiated at different times by UV-light and by solar light. The irradiation mixtures were analyzed by NMR and TLC. The photoproducts formed were identified by GC-MS and NMR data. RESULTS The experimental results indicated that musk tibetene was photodegradable in water or acetonitrile/water mixtures with half-life reaction times close to 20 minutes. The irradiation mixtures were separated by chromatographic techniques yielding three photoproducts (3,3,5,6,7-pentamethyl-4-nitro-3H-indole, 3,3,5,6,7-pentamethyl-4-nitro-1H-indoline and 3,3,5,6,7-pentamethyl-4-nitro-3H-indolinone) identified by means of spectroscopic analysis. DISCUSSION The numerical modelling of the photodegradation concentration-time profiles gave (8.13 +/- 0.15) x 10(-2) and (1.34 +/- 0.04) x 10(-2) mol/E for the overall primary quantum yield of direct photolysis for musk tibetene and the major intermediate (3,3,5,6,7-pentamethyl-4-nitro-3H-indolinone), respectively, in the wavelength range 305-366 nm. The half-life times of photodegradation of the both substances varied from 1-1.5 hours at 20 degrees N during the summer season to 6-10 hours for highest latitudes in winter. CONCLUSIONS Under solar light, musk tibetene was photolabile in acetonitrile and acetonitrile/water 1/1, while it was slowly degraded when suspended in water. In all media, musk tibetene was photodegraded into three photoproducts. By using a kinetic model, the overall primary quantum yields of direct photolysis of musk tibetene and its main photoproduct, in the wavelength range 305-366 nm, were estimated, indicating that the photodegradation rate for musk tibetene is faster than the photolysis rate of the major by-product. RECOMMENDATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES The results indicate that, in order to assess the environmental impact of musk tibetene on the aquatic ecosystem, great attention should be focused on the major photoproduct which is proved to be more persistent than the parent compound under light irradiation. The predicted half-life times of direct photolysis for both substances ranged from 1-1.5 hours at 20 degrees N during the summer season to about 6-10 hours for highest latitudes in winter, indicating that, from a photochemical point of view, the environmental persistence of these substances increases by increasing the latitudes and during the cold seasons, making more realistic an intake of these xenobiotic molecules into the food chain of aquatic living organisms. Tanabe reports in his Editorial (Tanabe 2005) that "It is necessary to have knowledge of the global picture of synthetic musk pathways. So, it is conceivable that now is the time to study the transport, persistency, distribution, bioaccumulation and toxic potential of this new environmental menace on a global scale, especially in developing countries". Therefore, the future environmental analysis and investigations on the eco-toxicity of nitro musk compounds should take into account not only the presence of the parent compounds but also their photochemical intermediates or end-by-products.
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91
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DellaGreca M, Iesce MR, Previtera L, Purcaro R, Rubino M, Zarrelli A. Lignans by photo-oxidation of propenyl phenols. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:28-32. [DOI: 10.1039/b707933h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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92
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Cioffi R, De Stefano L, Lamanna R, Montagnaro F, Santoro L, Senatore S, Zarrelli A. TG, FT-IR and NMR characterization of n-C16H34 contaminated alumina and silica after mechanochemical treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 70:1068-76. [PMID: 17892893 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2007] [Revised: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper deals with the application of mechanochemistry to model systems composed of alumina or silica artificially contaminated with n-C16H34. The mechanochemical treatment was carried out by means of a ring mill for times ranging from 10 to 40h. Thermogravimetry and infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies were used for the characterization of the mechanochemical products. The results have indicated that, in the case of alumina, almost all the contaminant n-C16H34 undergoes a complex oxidative reaction path whose end products are strongly held on the surface. These end products are most likely made of crosslinked, partially oxidized hydrocarbon chains bond to the solid surface via COO(-) groups. In the case of silica, the hydrocarbon undergoes a different, equally complex reaction path, but to a lower extent. In this case the end products are most probably carbonylic compounds and graphitic carbon. Then, for both solid matrices, the mechanochemical treatment promotes significant modification of the chemical nature of the polluting hydrocarbon with end products much more difficult to remove from the surface. As the systems studied are models of sites contaminated by aliphatic hydrocarbon, the results are worthy of consideration in relation to the mobility of the contaminants in the environment.
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DellaGreca M, Previtera L, Purcaro R, Zarrelli A. Cinnamic ester derivatives from Oxalis pes-caprae (Bermuda buttercup). JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2007; 70:1664-7. [PMID: 17922549 DOI: 10.1021/np0702786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Seven new cinnamic ester derivatives ( 1- 7) were isolated from a methanol extract of the fresh leaves and twigs of Oxalis pes-caprae (Bermuda buttercup). The structures of these new compounds were determined by spectroscopic data interpretation. The effects of compounds 1- 7 on the germination and growth of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) were studied.
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Fiorentino A, DellaGreca M, D'Abrosca B, Oriano P, Golino A, Izzo A, Zarrelli A, Monaco P. Lignans, neolignans and sesquilignans from Cestrum parqui l'Her. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2006.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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95
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DellaGreca M, Fiorentino A, Izzo A, Napoli F, Purcaro R, Zarrelli A. Phytotoxicity of secondary metabolites from Aptenia cordifolia. Chem Biodivers 2007; 4:118-28. [PMID: 17311224 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
From the fresh leaves or twigs of Aptenia cordifolia, a total of 29 compounds were isolated, including the new tetranoroxyneolignan 18, the new dilignan 19, and the beta-ionone derivative 27, previously only known as a synthetic compound, together with 26 known compounds. The structures of the new products were determined by (1)H-, (13)C-, and 2D-NMR, as well as HR-MS analyses. The phytotoxic effects of the isolates on the germination and growth of the dicotyledon Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce) were studied in the concentration range 10(-4) to 10(-7) M. Several constituents of A. cordifolia were found to be equally active as or superior to 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) used as positive control.
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Cutillo F, DellaGreca M, Gionti M, Previtera L, Zarrelli A. Phenols and lignans from Chenopodium album. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2006; 17:344-9. [PMID: 17019936 DOI: 10.1002/pca.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, methyl ferulate, sinapic acid, methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoate, 4-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-methoxyphenol, vanillyl alcohol, 4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenol, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid, 4-vinylphenol, 4-methylbenzaldehyde, N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]acetamide, pinoresinol, syringaresinol, lariciresinol, 5,5'-dimethoxy-lariciresinol, threo-guaiacylglycerol-3-beta-4-syringaresinol ether and two new sesquilignans, namely, threo-guaiacylglycerol-alpha-O-methyl-beta-O-4-syringaresinol ether and threo-syringylglycerol-alpha-O-methyl-beta-O-4-syringaresinol ether, were isolated and identified as components of Chenopodium album. Constitutions were established on the basis of spectroscopic data, including two-dimensional NMR analyses.
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Abstract
Two new dimeric phenanthrenoids have been isolated by the methanol extract of rhizomes of Juncus acutus. The structures have been determined on the basis of their spectroscopic properties and by chemical correlation. The compounds showed in vitro phytotoxicity against Selenastrum capricornutum, a microalga used in aquatic tests.
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98
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Abstract
The isolation and the structure determination of an unusual xyloside from the plant Chenopodium album is reported. The structure has been attributed by means of its spectral data.
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99
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Abstract
Five C13 norisoprenoids, one of them glucosilated, have been isolated from the leaves of Brassica fruticulosa (Brassicaceae). The structure (3S,4R,7E,9S)-3,4,9-trihydroxy-5,7-megastigmadiene, has been assigned to the new compound. All the structures have been determined by spectroscopic means and chemical correlations.
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100
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Brigante M, Dellagreca M, Previtera L, Temussi F, Zarrelli A. Synthesis of dimeric phenylethanoids isolated from olive oil mill wastewaters. Nat Prod Res 2006; 20:792-7. [PMID: 16753915 DOI: 10.1080/14786410500102332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two dimeric phenylethanoids isolated from olive oil mill wastewaters have been synthesized from cathecol, tyrosol and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid.
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