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Ma E, Roy P. Model of four light neutrinos in the light of all present data. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1995; 52:R4780-R4783. [PMID: 10019767 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.52.r4780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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102
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Ma E, Pantaleone J. Possible revelation of a seesaw mass pattern in solar and atmospheric neutrino data. Int J Clin Exp Med 1995; 52:R3763-R3767. [PMID: 10019652 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.52.r3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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103
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Ma E, Morgan R, Godfrey EW. Agrin mRNA variants are differentially regulated in developing chick embryo spinal cord and sensory ganglia. JOURNAL OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1995; 26:585-97. [PMID: 7602321 DOI: 10.1002/neu.480260411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Agrin is a synapse-organizing protein synthesized and externalized by motor neurons in the spinal cord, which organizes the postsynaptic apparatus of the developing neuromuscular junction. Agrin mRNA in the nervous system consists of several alternatively spliced variants. Splicing of agrin gene transcripts at the major site of variability results in four variants: encoding 8 (B8) or 11 (B11) amino acid inserts, both (B19), or predominant variant (B0) without inserts. The insert-containing variants are neuron specific and encode agrin proteins with greater synapse-organizing activity than the B0 variant. Here, we report the localization and developmental regulation of agrin mRNA variants in chick embryo spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia. In situ hybridization using antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) probes specific for the B8 and B11 sequences shows that the neuron-specific variants are concentrated in ventrolateral cells of the chick embryo spinal cord, presumably motor neurons, beginning at embryonic day 4 (E4). By E14, the insert-containing mRNAs are found almost exclusively in presumptive motor neurons. These variants are also found in dorsal root ganglia and sympathetic ganglia, but not in non-neural tissues. Analysis by polymerase chain reaction showed that the B11 and B19 mRNA variants appeared in spinal cord at E4, whereas the B8 variant was first seen at E14. During development, B11 decreased and disappeared by E20, whereas B8 increased from E14 to E20. A similar time course was seen in dorsal root ganglia. The greatest acetylcholine receptor-aggregating activity in the spinal cord was seen from E6 to E10, coincident with the highest proportion of B11-containing transcripts and with the peak of synaptogenesis in limb muscles. These data provide the first evidence linking appearance of the neuron-specific agrin mRNA variants with expression of the functional protein. The B11 and B19 variants appeared in E2 (stage 15) neural tubes cultured for 2 days with or without notochord and trunk tissues, indicating that there is no peripheral signal required to induce these agrin mRNA variants in developing motor neurons.
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Ma E. Simple radiative neutrino mass matrix for solar and atmospheric oscillations. Int J Clin Exp Med 1995; 51:R3145-R3148. [PMID: 10018874 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.51.r3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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105
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Barger V, Ma E. Natural conservation of R parity in supersymmetry. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1995; 51:1332-1336. [PMID: 10018592 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.51.1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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106
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Kikuchi H, Ma E. Heavy tau neutrino as the late decaying particle in the cold dark matter scenario. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1995; 51:R296-R299. [PMID: 10018552 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.51.r296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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107
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Ma E. Left-right symmetry and supersymmetric unification. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1995; 51:236-239. [PMID: 10018290 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.51.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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108
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Pimentel D, Rodrigues G, Wang T, Abrams R, Goldberg K, Staecker H, Ma E, Brueckner L, Trovato L, Chow C, Govindarajulu U, Boerke S. Renewable Energy: Economic and Environmental Issues. Bioscience 1994. [DOI: 10.2307/1312281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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109
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Ma E, Morgan R, Godfrey EW. Distribution of agrin mRNAs in the chick embryo nervous system. J Neurosci 1994; 14:2943-52. [PMID: 8182450 PMCID: PMC6577446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Agrin is a synapse-organizing protein likely to mediate nerve-induced aggregation of acetylcholine receptors and other postsynaptic components at the neuromuscular junction. We used in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to define the localization of agrin mRNA and its alternatively spliced forms in the chick embryo nervous system. Agrin cRNA probes intensely labeled motor neurons, dorsal root ganglia, cerebellar Purkinje neurons, and retinal ganglion cells. Neuronal layers in optic tectum and ventricular regions were also labeled. Analysis by PCR showed that all parts of the nervous system at embryonic day 10 contained three major forms of agrin mRNA. Our results raise the possibility that agrin isoforms play a role in synapse formation or other aspects of neuronal development in the central nervous system.
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Ma E, Milewski N, Grossmann R, Ivell R, Kato Y, Ellendorff F. Proopiomelanocortin gene expression during pig pituitary and brain development. J Neuroendocrinol 1994; 6:201-9. [PMID: 8049719 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.1994.tb00573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA, which plays an important role in neural, endocrine, neuroendocrine and immune systems, was studied by in situ hybridization during the development of pituitary in the domestic pig. The POMC gene was activated as early as fetal day 30 (E30). The signal for POMC mRNA in the anterior lobe progressively increased from E30 to E80 and then remained at relatively constant level. In contrast, POMC transcripts in the intermediate lobe first appeared at E40 and steadily increased during development. POMC transcripts in the brain were first found at E40 and were scattered in the arcuate nucleus (AN) and nucleus medialis thalami (NMT). At E50 the extra-pituitary POMC mRNA was located not only in the AN and NMT but also in the fasciculus tegmenti and entorhinal cortex. In the posterior lobe, no signal was detected. The specific pattern of expression of the pig POMC gene in the pituitary and in specific regions of the central nervous system suggests important roles for POMC in fetal development. These results also suggest that POMC is excellent for studying the expression and regulation of pituitary hormone genes because of its tissue-specific regulation and developmental pattern.
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Ma E, Jiang Z, Shu H. [Simultaneous determination of serum copper and zinc levels in patients with cancer of the digestive tract by ion-exchange chromatography]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1994; 16:54-7. [PMID: 7954968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Serum copper and zinc were simultaneously determined by ion-exchange chromatography (IC) in 35 normal volunteers and 45 patients with benign diseases or different stage cancers of the digestive tract. No significant differences of serum Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn ratio were found among normal volunteers, patients with benign diseases and those with stage I or II cancers, while in the group of stage III and IV cancer patients, serum Cu (26.53 +/- 1.41 mumol/L) and Cu/Zn ratio (2.25 +/- 0.16) were very significantly elevated (P < 0.01) and that of serum Zn (11.78 +/- 0.46 mumol/L) was remarkably decreased (P < 0.05). Our results showed that serum Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn ratio were of no help in detecting early stage cancers and in differentiating them from benign diseases but were useful in predicting stages of cancers before operation for a better choice of therapy.
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Ma E. Possibility of mA. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1994; 49:1663-1665. [PMID: 10017148 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.49.1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Long J, Ma E, Liu F. [Cross transposition of expanded scalp flaps for the treatment of postburn cicatricial alopecia]. ZHONGHUA ZHENG XING SHAO SHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA ZHENG XING SHAO SHANG WAIKF [I.E. WAIKE] ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY AND BURNS 1994; 10:38-9. [PMID: 8087689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
When the area of alopecia is very large, the normal scalp is not sufficient to cover the defect resulting from excision of the alopecia. From August 1987 to December 1989, 8 cases with large defect of scalp are repaired by means of expanded cross scalp flaps with good result. Among 8 cases, 7 are male and 1 female, and the largest area of alopecia is 300 cm2 and the smallest 112 cm2, with a mean of 191 cm2. Two expanders are buried under the galea aponeurotica on both sides of alopecia, and the scalp is expanded. The central part of the expanded scalp is chosen to form the "major flap", the lateral part of the expanded scalp to form the "adjuvant flap". Two flaps are then crossed and the defect is repaired. The method of scalp expansion and "axial flap" is used in marginal alopecia. An expander is buried under the galea aponeurotica on each side of the alopecia. After the scalp is expanded, the central part of the expanded scalp is chosen to from "axial flap" with the pedicle consisting of superficial temporal artery or occipital artery and the lateral part of the expanded scalp to form the "adjuvant flap". Then two flaps are transposed and the defect is thus repaired.
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Acker A, Kikuchi H, Ma E, Sarkar U. CP violation and leptogenesis. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1993; 48:5006-5008. [PMID: 10016155 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.48.5006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Caiozzo VJ, Ma E, McCue SA, Smith E, Herrick RE, Baldwin KM. A new animal model for modulating myosin isoform expression by altered mechanical activity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1992; 73:1432-40. [PMID: 1447089 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1992.73.4.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a new rodent model that is capable of delineating the importance of mechanical loading on myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression of the plantar and dorsi flexor muscles of the ankle. The essential components of this system include 1) stimulating electrodes that are chronically implanted into a muscle, allowing for the control of the activation pattern of the target muscle(s); 2) a training apparatus that translates the moment of the ankle into a linear force; and 3) a computer-controlled Cambridge 310 ergometer. The isovelocity profile of the ergometer ensured that the medial gastrocnemius (MG) produced forces that were > 90% of maximal isometric force (Po), and the eccentric contractions of the tibialis anterior (TA) were typically 120% of Po. Both the concentric and eccentric training programs produced statistically significant increases in the muscle mass of the MG (approximately 15%) and TA (approximately 7%) as well as a decrease in myofibrillar adenosinetriphosphatase activity. Both the white and red regions of the MG and TA exhibited significant increases in the relative content of the type IIa MHC and concomitant decreases in type IIb MHC expression. Although the red regions of the MG and red TA contained approximately 10% type I MHC, the training programs did not affect this isoform. It appears that when a fast-twitch muscle is stimulated at a high frequency (100 Hz) and required to contract either concentrically or eccentrically under high loading conditions, the expression of the type IIa MHC isoform will be upregulated, whereas that of the type IIb MHC will be concomitantly downregulated.
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Li X, Ma E. Generation nonuniversality and precision electroweak measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1992; 46:R1905-R1908. [PMID: 10015154 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.46.r1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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121
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Ma E, Pantaleone J. Is there a four-quark state near the BB-bar threshold? PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1992; 46:463-465. [PMID: 10014780 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.46.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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122
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Ma E, Jiang Z. Ion-exchange chromatography (IC) in the determination of serum transition metals and its clinical application. CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL = CHUNG-KUO I HSUEH K'O HSUEH TSA CHIH 1992; 7:98-100. [PMID: 1450401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The reproducibility of ion-exchange chromatography (IC) (Dionex Bio-LC) in measuring the serum transition metals Cu and Zn was found to be fairly good (CV = +/- 2.1% and +/- 2.7% within runs, and +/- 2.5% and +/- 4.3% among runs for Cu and Zn, respectively). For clinical application, sera from 20 normal volunteers and 20 patients with cancers of the digestive tract (10 early and 10 late stage cases) were analyzed. The means of serum Cu (15.54 +/- 0.31 mumol/L) and serum Zn (14.84 +/- 0.31 mumol/L) in normal volunteers were very close to the values previously determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in our laboratory. In the group of late stage cancer patients, the means of serum Cu (24.18 +/- 0.63 mumol/L) and the Cu/Zn ratio (1.97 +/- 0.07) were significantly elevated (P < 0.01), while serum Zn (13.01 +/- 0.61 mumol/L) was remarkably decreased (P < 0.05). There were no significant changes of serum Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn ratio in early stage cancer patients. It is concluded that the IC method is rapid, accurate, sensitive, relatively simple and could be useful in diagnosing late stage cancers of the digestive tract.
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Ma E, Roy P. Negative, anomaly-free, oblique radiative corrections. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 68:2879-2882. [PMID: 10045518 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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124
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Duong TV, Ma E. Variant of the S3 x Z3 model for the 17-keV neutrino. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1992; 45:2570-2573. [PMID: 10014642 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.45.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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125
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