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Leng X, Yang B, Liu Y, Xie Y, Tong J. Synthesis and Characterization of Three Novel Nitrogen-containing Macrolides. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2011. [DOI: 10.5560/znb.2011.66b0930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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102
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Tong J, Zhang ZL, Cantor C, Schor C. The effect of perceptual grouping on perisaccadic spatial distortion. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Morin SA, Bierman MJ, Tong J, Jin S. Mechanism and Kinetics of Spontaneous Nanotube Growth Driven by Screw Dislocations. Science 2010; 328:476-80. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1182977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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104
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Spanrad S, Tong J. Characterization of foreign object damage (FOD) and early fatigue crack growth in laser shock peened Ti-6AL-4V aerofoil specimens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2010.03.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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105
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Tong J, Patel SS, Bedell HE. Asymmetrical modulation of the temporal impulse response during smooth pursuit. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/6.6.866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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106
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Bedell H, Tong J. Perception of motion smear during visually induced illusory self motion. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/9.8.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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107
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Tong J, Zhang B, Zheng J, Smith EL, Chino YM. TimeCourse of surround suppression in V2 neurons of Macaque monkeys. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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108
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Lien CC, Tong J, Bedell HE, Cisarik PM, Patel SS. The relationship between motion sensitivity and fixation variability in eccentric gaze. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/6.6.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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109
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Bedell HE, Lien TC, Tong J, Cisarik PM, Patel SS. Motion sensitivity and fixation variability along individual meridians. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/5.8.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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110
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Tong J, Aydin M, Bedell HE. Direction-of-motion discrimination is facilitated by visible motion smear. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/5.8.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Wang JY, Tozzi G, Chen J, Contal F, Lupton C, Tong J. Bone-cement interfacial behaviour under mixed mode loading conditions. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2010; 3:392-8. [PMID: 20416553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial behaviour of the bone-cement interface has been studied under tensile, shear and mixed mode loading conditions. Bovine cancellous bone was used to bond with acrylic bone cement to form bone-cement interface samples, which were mechanically tested under selected tensile, shear and mixed mode loading conditions. The influence of the loading angle and the extent of the cement penetration on the interfacial behaviour were examined. The failure mechanisms with regard to loading mode were examined using micro-focus computed tomography. The measured tensile and shear responses were utilized in a cohesive zone constitutive model, from which the pre-yield linear and the post-yield exponential strain softening behaviour under mixed mode loading conditions was predicted. The implications of the work on the studies of cemented joint replacements are also discussed.
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Kish SJ, Fitzmaurice PS, Chang LJ, Furukawa Y, Tong J. Low striatal serotonin transporter protein in a human polydrug MDMA (ecstasy) user: a case study. J Psychopharmacol 2010; 24:281-4. [PMID: 18832433 DOI: 10.1177/0269881108097724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence that the widely used methamphetamine analog MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, ecstasy) might damage brain serotonin neurones in humans is derived from imaging investigations showing variably decreased binding of radioligands to the serotonin transporter (SERT), a marker of serotonin neurones. However, in humans, it is not known whether low SERT binding reflects actual loss of SERT protein itself. As this question can only be answered in post-mortem brain, we measured protein levels of SERT and that of the rate-limiting serotonin-synthesizing enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in autopsied brain of a high-dose MDMA user. As compared with control values, SERT protein levels were markedly (-48% to -58%) reduced in striatum (caudate, putamen) and occipital cortex and less affected (-25%) in frontal and temporal cortices, whereas TPH protein was severely decreased in caudate and putamen (-68% and -95%, respectively). The magnitude of the striatal SERT protein reduction was greater than the SERT binding decrease typically reported in imaging studies. Although acknowledging limitations of a case study, these findings extend imaging data based on SERT binding and suggest that high-dose MDMA exposure could cause loss of two key protein markers of brain serotonin neurones, a finding compatible with either physical damage to serotonin neurones or downregulation of components therein.
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Carr DB, Newton KM, Utzschneider KM, Tong J, Gerchman F, Kahn SE, Easterling TR, Heckbert SR. Preeclampsia and risk of developing subsequent diabetes. Hypertens Pregnancy 2010; 28:435-47. [PMID: 19843005 DOI: 10.3109/10641950802629675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine whether preeclampsia is associated with developing diabetes. METHODS Subsequent diabetes was ascertained using ICD-9 codes, pharmacy and glucose data in a retrospective cohort study of 2,032 women with preeclampsia and 29,431 without preeclampsia. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.2 years, 342 women developed diabetes. Preeclampsia was associated with a higher risk of diabetes adjusting for age, primigravidity, and gestational diabetes (hazard ratio, HR 1.82, 95%CI 1.26, 2.62) and in women without gestational diabetes (n = 30,109; HR 1.86, 95%CI 1.22, 2.84). CONCLUSION Women with preeclampsia have greater risk of developing diabetes, even in the absence of gestational diabetes.
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Huang J, Bathena SP, Tong J, Roth M, Hagenbuch B, Alnouti Y. Kinetic analysis of bile acid sulfation by stably expressed human sulfotransferase 2A1 (SULT2A1). Xenobiotica 2010; 40:184-94. [DOI: 10.3109/00498250903514607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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115
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Castañeda TR, Tong J, Datta R, Culler M, Tschöp MH. Ghrelin in the regulation of body weight and metabolism. Front Neuroendocrinol 2010; 31:44-60. [PMID: 19896496 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin, a peptide hormone predominantly produced by the stomach, was isolated as the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Ghrelin is a potent stimulator of growth hormone (GH) secretion and is the only circulatory hormone known to potently enhance feeding and weight gain and to regulate energy homeostasis following central and systemic administration. Therapeutic intervention with ghrelin in catabolic situations may induce a combination of enhanced food intake, increased gastric emptying and nutrient storage, coupled with an increase in GH thereby linking nutrient partitioning with growth and repair processes. These qualities have fostered the idea that ghrelin-based compounds may have therapeutic utility in treating malnutrition and wasting induced by various sub-acute and chronic disorders. Conversely, compounds that inhibit ghrelin action may be useful for the prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome components such as obesity, impaired lipid metabolism or insulin resistance. In recent years, the effects of ghrelin on glucose homeostasis, memory function and gastrointestinal motility have attracted considerable amount of attention and revealed novel therapeutic targets in treating a wide range of pathologic conditions. Furthermore, discovery of ghrelin O-acyltransferase has also opened new research opportunities that could lead to major understanding of ghrelin physiology. This review summarizes the current knowledge on ghrelin synthesis, secretion, mechanism of action and biological functions with an additional focus on potential for ghrelin-based pharmacotherapies.
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Sun J, Pan C, Tong J, Zhang J. Coupled model analysis of the structure and nano-mechanical properties of dragonfly wings. IET Nanobiotechnol 2010; 4:10-8. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2009.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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117
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Shen M, Tong J, Wang S, Fang Y. Interlaminate Deformation in Thermoplastic Composite Laminates: Experimental-Numerical Correlation. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20100620010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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118
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Cheng L, Liu L, Yu X, Wang D, Tong J. A linkage map of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) based on AFLP and microsatellite markers. Anim Genet 2009; 41:191-8. [PMID: 19917040 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01985.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is an important fish for aquaculture, but genomics of this species is still in its infancy. In this study, a linkage map of common carp based on Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellite (SSR) markers has been generated using gynogenetic haploids. Of 926 markers genotyped, 151 (149 AFLPs, two SSRs) were distorted and eliminated from the linkage analyses. A total of 699 AFLP and 20 microsatellite (SSR) markers were assigned to the map, which comprised 64 linkage groups and covered 5506.9 cM Kosambi, with an average interval distance of 7.66 cM Kosambi. The normality tests on interval map distances showed a non-normal marker distribution. Visual inspection of the map distance distribution histogram showed a cluster of interval map distances on the left side of the chart, which suggested the occurrence of AFLP marker clusters. On the other hand, the lack of an obvious cluster on the right side showed that there were a few big gaps which need more markers to bridge. The correlation analysis showed a highly significant relatedness between the length of linkage group and the number of markers, indicating that the AFLP markers in this map were randomly distributed among different linkage groups. This study is helpful for research into the common carp genome and for further studies of genetics and marker-assisted breeding in this species.
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Du M, Tong J, Zhao J, Underwood KR, Zhu M, Ford SP, Nathanielsz PW. Fetal programming of skeletal muscle development in ruminant animals. J Anim Sci 2009; 88:E51-60. [PMID: 19717774 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancing skeletal muscle growth is crucial for animal agriculture because skeletal muscle provides meat for human consumption. An increasing body of evidence shows that the level of maternal nutrition alters fetal skeletal muscle development, with long-term effects on offspring growth and performance. Fetal skeletal muscle development mainly involves myogenesis (i.e., muscle cell development), but also involves adipogenesis (i.e., adipocyte development) and fibrogenesis (i.e., fibroblast development). These tissues in fetal muscle are mainly derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Shifting the commitment of MSC from myogenesis to adipogenesis increases intramuscular fat (i.e., marbling), improving the quality grade of meats. Strong experimental evidence indicates that Wingless and Int (Wnt)/beta-catenin signaling regulates MSC differentiation. Upregulation of Wnt/beta-catenin promotes myogenesis, and downregulation enhances adipogenesis. A lack of nutrients in early to midgestation reduces the formation of secondary muscle fibers in ruminant animals. Nutrient deficiency during mid- to late gestation decreases the number of intramuscular adipocytes and muscle fiber sizes. Knowledge of this regulatory mechanism will allow the development of strategies to enhance muscle growth and marbling in offspring, especially in the setting of nutrient deficiency.
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Li J, Ng EKO, Ng YP, Wong CYP, Yu J, Jin H, Cheng VYY, Go MYY, Cheung PKF, Ebert MPA, Tong J, To KF, Chan FKL, Sung JJY, Ip NY, Leung WK. Identification of retinoic acid-regulated nuclear matrix-associated protein as a novel regulator of gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:691-8. [PMID: 19672268 PMCID: PMC2736823 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoic acid-regulated nuclear matrix-associated protein (RAMP) is a WD40 repeat-containing protein that is involved in various biological functions, but little is known about its role in human cancer. This study aims to delineate the oncogenic role of RAMP in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS RAMP expression was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Inhibition of RAMP expression was performed by siRNA-mediated knockdown. The functional effects of RAMP on cell kinetics were measured by cell viability assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry. Cell lines stably expressing RAMP were established to investigate the oncogenic effects of RAMP in vitro. RESULTS Ramp was readily expressed in all seven gastric cancer cell lines and was significantly increased in human gastric cancer tissues when compared with their adjacent non-cancerous tissues (P<0.001). In keeping with this, expression of RAMP protein was higher in gastric cancer tissues compared with their adjacent non-cancerous tissues, whereas moderate protein expression were noted in intestinal metaplasia. Knockdown of RAMP in gastric cancer cells significantly reduced cell proliferation (P<0.01) and soft agar colony formation (P<0.001), but induced apoptosis and G(2)/M arrest. In additional, knockdown RAMP induced cell apoptosis is dependent on functional accumulation of p53 and p21 and induction of cleaved caspases-9, caspases-3 and PARP. Strikingly, overexpression of RAMP promoted anchorage-independent cell growth in soft agar. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that RAMP plays an oncogenic role in gastric carcinogenesis. Inhibition of RAMP may be a promising approach for gastric cancer therapy.
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Favero AD, Bacigalupo A, Tedone E, Sanna MA, Moro F, Van Lint MT, Grazi G, Balistreri M, Frassoni F, Occhini D, Gualandi F, Lamparelli T, Tong J, Figari O, Piaggio G, Marmont AM. The Use of Glycopeptides as Empiric Antibiotic Therapy in Febrile Neutropenic Patients: A Comparison Between Teicoplanin (TEI) and Vancomycin (VAN). Leuk Lymphoma 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10428199209058684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Mercer S, Chavan S, Tong J, Connor D, de Mello W. The Early Detection and Management of Neuropathic Pain Following Combat Injury. J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2009; 155:94-8. [DOI: 10.1136/jramc-155-02-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
In the present study, nanoclay was introduced to PMMA bone cement to obtain a new formulation of bioactive PMMA cement (PMMA/HA/nanoclay). To evaluate the interfacial property of the new bioactive cement for use as a fixation agent, Brazilian disk specimens were used to study the interfacial strength of synthetic bone-cement interface. The results show that, for tensile loading, the addition of 17.5 wt% HA into PMMA cement produced a notable decrease in the fracture load, while a further addition of 0.5 wt% nanoclay slightly counteracted the decrease due to the addition of HA. The addition of 1.0 wt% nanoclay brought the fracture load back to the same level as that of pure PMMA cement, although with the further increase of nanoclay (1.5 wt% nanoclay and 2.0 wt% nanoclay), the fracture loads decreased again. The same trend in the calculated strain energy release rates was also observed. For shear loading, however, the same trend was not observed due to the premature fracture and collapsing of the foam. This finding may be useful in the development of novel bioactive bone cements to improve the fixation of joint arthroplasty.
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Carr DB, Newton KM, Utzschneider KM, Tong J, Gerchman F, Kahn SE, Easterling TR, Heckbert SR. Preeclampsia and Risk of Developing Subsequent Diabetes. Hypertens Pregnancy 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10641950802629675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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125
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Udayasankar J, Kodama K, Hull RL, Zraika S, Aston-Mourney K, Subramanian SL, Tong J, Faulenbach MV, Vidal J, Kahn SE. Amyloid formation results in recurrence of hyperglycaemia following transplantation of human IAPP transgenic mouse islets. Diabetologia 2009; 52:145-53. [PMID: 19002432 PMCID: PMC4950742 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Islet transplantation is a potential cure for diabetes; however, rates of graft failure remain high. The aim of the present study was to determine whether amyloid deposition is associated with reduced beta cell volume in islet grafts and the recurrence of hyperglycaemia following islet transplantation. METHODS We transplanted a streptozotocin-induced mouse model of diabetes with 100 islets from human IAPP (which encodes islet amyloid polypeptide) transgenic mice that have the propensity to form islet amyloid (n = 8-12) or from non-transgenic mice that do not develop amyloid (n = 6-10) in sets of studies that lasted 1 or 6 weeks. RESULTS Plasma glucose levels before and for 1 week after transplantation were similar in mice that received transgenic or non-transgenic islets, and at that time amyloid was detected in all transgenic grafts and, as expected, in none of the non-transgenic grafts. However, over the 6 weeks following transplantation, plasma glucose levels increased in transgenic but remained stable in non-transgenic islet graft recipients (p < 0.05). At 6 weeks, amyloid was present in 92% of the transgenic grafts and in none of the non-transgenic grafts. Beta cell volume was reduced by 30% (p < 0.05), beta cell apoptosis was twofold higher (p < 0.05), and beta cell replication was reduced by 50% (p < 0.001) in transgenic vs non-transgenic grafts. In summary, amyloid deposition in islet grafts occurs prior to the recurrence of hyperglycaemia and its accumulation over time is associated with beta cell loss. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Islet amyloid formation may explain, in part, the non-immune loss of beta cells and recurrence of hyperglycaemia following clinical islet transplantation.
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