The lipopolysaccharides of Neisseria gonorrhoeae colony types 1 and 4

The lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae grown in type 1 (T1) and 4 (T4) colony forms have been isolated. LPS from T4 colony type cells on mild hydrolysis gave a lipid A and a core oligosaccharide composed of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose, D-glucose, D-galactose, L-glycero-D-manno-heptose and 3-deoxy-D-manno-octuosonic acid that appeared to be common to all the strains examined. LPS from T1 colony type cells on mild hydrolysis gave a lipid A and high molecular weight O polysacc,arides which showed considerable differences in glycose composition for each strain examined. In those strains examined, T4 cells appear to produce a common "R" type LPS whereas T1 cells produce an "S" type LPS with structurally different O polysaccharide structures which probably account for serologically differentiated strains of N. gonorrhoeae.

[Investigation on fats of Virola surinamenis; I. Glyceride and acid composition, and chemical nature of various unsaponificable components]

The A.A. report a work done on the influence of hypophysectomy on fluoride metabolism by the bones of rats. The results obtained indicate that hypophysectomy enhances F concentration in bones and teeth. The F retained is function of the growth of the animals and depends on the type of mineralization of the colagen matrix. All these effects seem related to the thyroid hypofunction subsequent to the pituitary removal.

Studies of the polysaccharide fraction from the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas alcaligenes

Studies of the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain BR 1/2 were extended to the polysaccharide moiety. The crude polysaccharide, obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide, was fractionated by gel filtration. The major fraction was the phosphorylated polysaccharide, for which the approximate proportions of residues were; glucose (2), rhamnose (0.7), heptose (2-3), galactosamine (1), alanine (1), 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid (1), phosphorus (5-6). The heptose was l-glycero-d-manno-heptose. The minor fractions from gel filtration contained free 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid, P(i) and PP(i). The purified polysaccharide was studied by periodate oxidation, methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis, and dephosphorylation. All the rhamnose and part of the glucose and heptose occur as non-reducing terminal residues. Other glucose residues are 3-substituted, and most heptose residues are esterified with condensed phosphate residues, possibly in the C-4 position. Free heptose and a heptosylglucose were isolated from a partial hydrolysate of the polysaccharide. The location of galactosamine in the polysaccharide was not established, but either the C-3 or C-4 position appears to be substituted and a linkage to alanine was indicated. In its composition, the polysaccharide from Ps. alcaligenes resembles core polysaccharides from other pseudomonads: no possible side-chain polysaccharide was detected.