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Binek A, Castans C, Jorge I, Bagwan N, Rodríguez JM, Fernández-Jiménez R, Galán-Arriola C, Oliver E, Gómez M, Clemente-Moragón A, Ibanez B, Camafeita E, Vázquez J. Oxidative Post-translational Protein Modifications upon Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:106. [PMID: 38247530 PMCID: PMC10812827 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
While reperfusion, or restoration of coronary blood flow in acute myocardial infarction, is a requisite for myocardial salvage, it can paradoxically induce a specific damage known as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Our understanding of the precise pathophysiological molecular alterations leading to I/R remains limited. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive and unbiased time-course analysis of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the post-reperfused myocardium of two different animal models (pig and mouse) and evaluated the effect of two different cardioprotective therapies (ischemic preconditioning and neutrophil depletion). In pigs, a first wave of irreversible oxidative damage was observed at the earliest reperfusion time (20 min), impacting proteins essential for cardiac contraction. A second wave, characterized by irreversible oxidation on different residues and reversible Cys oxidation, occurred at late stages (6-12 h), affecting mitochondrial, sarcomere, and inflammation-related proteins. Ischemic preconditioning mitigated the I/R damage caused by the late oxidative wave. In the mouse model, the two-phase pattern of oxidative damage was replicated, and neutrophil depletion mitigated the late wave of I/R-related damage by preventing both Cys reversible oxidation and irreversible oxidation. Altogether, these data identify protein PTMs occurring late after reperfusion as an actionable therapeutic target to reduce the impact of I/R injury.
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Grants
- PGC2018-097019-B-I00, PID2021-122348NB-I00, PID2022-140176OB-I00 Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
- Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria grant PRB3 PT17/0019/0003- ISCIII-SGEFI / ERDF, ProteoRed Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- IMMUNO-VAR, P2022/BMD-7333, and RENIM-CM, P2022/BMD-7403 Comunidad de Madrid
- HR17-00247, HR22-00533 and HR22-00253 "la Caixa" Banking Foundation
- ERC Consolidator Grant "MATRIX", 819775 European Commission
- grant PI22/01560 ISCIII-Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria and European Union
- FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN-Cardionext European Union's Seventh Framework Programme
- Formacion del Profesorado Universitario (FPU14/05292) Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports
- PID2021-133167OB-100, RYC2020-028884-I, CEX2020-001041-S MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Binek
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Castans
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Jorge
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Navratan Bagwan
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Rodríguez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Galán-Arriola
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Oliver
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Clemente-Moragón
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Camafeita
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Figueroa-Juárez E. Uncovering the origin of oxidative damage in ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the heart. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:560. [PMID: 37495726 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Figueroa-Juárez
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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3
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Gebert M, Sławski J, Kalinowski L, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. The Unfolded Protein Response: A Double-Edged Sword for Brain Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1648. [PMID: 37627643 PMCID: PMC10451475 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient brain function requires as much as 20% of the total oxygen intake to support normal neuronal cell function. This level of oxygen usage, however, leads to the generation of free radicals, and thus can lead to oxidative stress and potentially to age-related cognitive decay and even neurodegenerative diseases. The regulation of this system requires a complex monitoring network to maintain proper oxygen homeostasis. Furthermore, the high content of mitochondria in the brain has elevated glucose demands, and thus requires a normal redox balance. Maintaining this is mediated by adaptive stress response pathways that permit cells to survive oxidative stress and to minimize cellular damage. These stress pathways rely on the proper function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a cellular pathway responsible for normal ER function and cell survival. Interestingly, the UPR has two opposing signaling pathways, one that promotes cell survival and one that induces apoptosis. In this narrative review, we discuss the opposing roles of the UPR signaling pathways and how a better understanding of these stress pathways could potentially allow for the development of effective strategies to prevent age-related cognitive decay as well as treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gebert
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-134 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Sławski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14a Street, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-134 Gdansk, Poland
- BioTechMed Centre, Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - James F. Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14a Street, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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4
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Maslov LN, Naryzhnaya NV, Sirotina M, Mukhomedzyanov AV, Kurbatov BK, Boshchenko AA, Ma H, Zhang Y, Fu F, Pei J, Azev VN, Pereverzev VA. Do reactive oxygen species damage or protect the heart in ischemia and reperfusion? Analysis on experimental and clinical data. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:268-280. [PMID: 37503710 PMCID: PMC10387750 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ischemic and reperfusion (I/R) injury of the heart has been discussed for more than 40 years. It has been demonstrated that reperfusion triggers a multiple increase in free radical generation in the isolated heart. Antioxidants were found to have the ability to mitigate I/R injury of the heart. However, it is unclear whether their cardioprotective effect truly depends on the decrease of ROS levels in myocardial tissues. Since high doses and high concentrations of antioxidants were experimentally used, it is highly likely that the cardioprotective effect of antioxidants depends on their interaction not only with free radicals but also with other molecules. It has been demonstrated that the antioxidant N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine or NDPH oxidase knockout abolished the cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. Consequently, there is evidence that ROS protect the heart against the I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid N Maslov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Tomsk Region 634012, Russia
| | - Natalia V Naryzhnaya
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Tomsk Region 634012, Russia
| | - Maria Sirotina
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Tomsk Region 634012, Russia
| | - Alexandr V Mukhomedzyanov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Tomsk Region 634012, Russia
| | - Boris K Kurbatov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Tomsk Region 634012, Russia
| | - Alla A Boshchenko
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Tomsk Region 634012, Russia
| | - Huijie Ma
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jianming Pei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Viacheslav N Azev
- The Branch of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Oblast 142290, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Pereverzev
- Department of Normal Physiology, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk 220083, Belarus
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5
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Bartoszewska S, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. The Role of the Hypoxia-Related Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4870. [PMID: 36230792 PMCID: PMC9562011 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite our understanding of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways, the crosstalk between the UPR and the complex signaling networks that different cancers utilize for cell survival remains to be, in most cases, a difficult research barrier. A major problem is the constant variability of different cancer types and the different stages of cancer as well as the complexity of the tumor microenvironments (TME). This complexity often leads to apparently contradictory results. Furthermore, the majority of the studies that have been conducted have utilized two-dimensional in vitro cultures of cancer cells that were exposed to continuous hypoxia, and this approach may not mimic the dynamic and cyclic conditions that are found in solid tumors. Here, we discuss the role of intermittent hypoxia, one of inducers of the UPR in the cellular component of TME, and the way in which intermittent hypoxia induces high levels of reactive oxygen species, the activation of the UPR, and the way in which cancer cells modulate the UPR to aid in their survival. Although the past decade has resulted in defining the complex, novel non-coding RNA-based regulatory networks that modulate the means by which hypoxia influences the UPR, we are now just to beginning to understand some of the connections between hypoxia, the UPR, and the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - James F. Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14a Street, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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6
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Gallinat A, Mendieta G, Vilahur G, Padró T, Badimon L. DJ-1 administration exerts cardioprotection in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1002755. [PMID: 36210822 PMCID: PMC9539284 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1002755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, and particularly acute myocardial infarction (MI), are the most common causes of death worldwide. Infarct size is the major predictor of clinical outcomes in MI. The Parkinson’s disease associated protein, DJ-1 (also known as PARK7), is a multifunctional protein with chaperone, redox sensing and mitochondrial homeostasis activities. Previously, we provided the evidence for a central role of endogenous DJ-1 in the cardioprotection of post-conditioning. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that systemic administration of recombinant DJ-1 exerts cardioprotective effects in a mouse model of MI and also explored the associated transcriptional response. We report a significant treatment-induced reduction in infarct size, leukocyte infiltration, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Effects potentially mediated by G-protein-coupled receptor signaling and modulation of the immune response. Collectively, our results indicate a protective role for the exogenously administrated DJ-1 upon MI, and provide the first line of evidence for an extracellular activity of DJ-1 regulating cardiac injury in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Gallinat
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guiomar Mendieta
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Lina Badimon,
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7
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The Effect of Resveratrol on Sphingosine-1 and Oxidative/ Nitrosative Stress in an Experimental Heart Ischemia Reperfusion Model. REV ROMANA MED LAB 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/rrlm-2021-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenolic compound showing significant antioxidant effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and oxidative stress biomarkers in hearth ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).
Materials and Methods: The biochemical and histopathological effects of RSV on cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury were investigated through ELISA- and light microscope.
Results: We observed statistically significant differences between the treatment group and the control group in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) level, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (p<0.05). Histopathologically, we also observed decreased Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte (PMNL) infiltration, myocardial edema, miyositolysis in the treatment group compared to the I/R and sham groups.
Conclusion: Resveratrol may play an important role in cardiac I/R injury through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects which were biochemically and histopathologically confirmed in the present study.
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Bryson TD, Harding P. Prostaglandin E2 EP receptors in cardiovascular disease: An update. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 195:114858. [PMID: 34822808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an update for the role of prostaglandin E2 receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) in cardiovascular disease. Where possible we have reported citations from the last decade although this was not possible for all of the topics covered due to the paucity of publications. The authors have attempted to cover the subjects of ischemia-reperfusion injury, arrhythmias, hypertension, novel protein binding partners of the EP receptors and their pathophysiological significance, and cardiac regeneration. These latter two topics bring studies of the EP receptors into new and exciting areas of research that are just beginning to be explored. Where there is peer-reviewed literature, the authors have placed particular emphasis on clinical studies although these are limited in number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
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Femminò S, D’Ascenzo F, Ravera F, Comità S, Angelini F, Caccioppo A, Franchin L, Grosso A, Thairi C, Venturelli E, Cavallari C, Penna C, De Ferrari GM, Camussi G, Pagliaro P, Brizzi MF. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Reprograms Circulating Extracellular Vesicles from ACS Patients Impairing Their Cardio-Protective Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910270. [PMID: 34638611 PMCID: PMC8508604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapeutic tools in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. We have recently shown that EVs from patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) undergoing sham pre-conditioning, before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were cardio-protective, while EVs from patients experiencing remote ischemic pre-conditioning (RIPC) failed to induce protection against ischemia/reperfusion Injury (IRI). No data on EVs from ACS patients recovered after PCI are currently available. Therefore, we herein investigated the cardio-protective properties of EVs, collected after PCI from the same patients. EVs recovered from 30 patients randomly assigned (1:1) to RIPC (EV-RIPC) or sham procedures (EV-naive) (NCT02195726) were characterized by TEM, FACS and Western blot analysis and evaluated for their mRNA content. The impact of EVs on hypoxia/reoxygenation damage and IRI, as well as the cardio-protective signaling pathways, were investigated in vitro (HMEC-1 + H9c2 co-culture) and ex vivo (isolated rat heart). Both EV-naive and EV-RIPC failed to drive cardio-protection both in vitro and ex vivo. Consistently, EV treatment failed to activate the canonical cardio-protective pathways. Specifically, PCI reduced the EV-naive Dusp6 mRNA content, found to be crucial for their cardio-protective action, and upregulated some stress- and cell-cycle-related genes in EV-RIPC. We provide the first evidence that in ACS patients, PCI reprograms the EV cargo, impairing EV-naive cardio-protective properties without improving EV-RIPC functional capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saveria Femminò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.F.); (F.R.); (A.C.); (A.G.); (E.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Fabrizio D’Ascenzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Cardiology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.D.); (F.A.); (L.F.); (G.M.D.F.)
| | - Francesco Ravera
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.F.); (F.R.); (A.C.); (A.G.); (E.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Stefano Comità
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10143 Orbassano, Italy; (S.C.); (C.T.); (C.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Filippo Angelini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Cardiology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.D.); (F.A.); (L.F.); (G.M.D.F.)
| | - Andrea Caccioppo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.F.); (F.R.); (A.C.); (A.G.); (E.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Luca Franchin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Cardiology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.D.); (F.A.); (L.F.); (G.M.D.F.)
| | - Alberto Grosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.F.); (F.R.); (A.C.); (A.G.); (E.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Cecilia Thairi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10143 Orbassano, Italy; (S.C.); (C.T.); (C.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Emilio Venturelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.F.); (F.R.); (A.C.); (A.G.); (E.V.); (G.C.)
| | | | - Claudia Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10143 Orbassano, Italy; (S.C.); (C.T.); (C.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Gaetano Maria De Ferrari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Cardiology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.D.); (F.A.); (L.F.); (G.M.D.F.)
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.F.); (F.R.); (A.C.); (A.G.); (E.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10143 Orbassano, Italy; (S.C.); (C.T.); (C.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Maria Felice Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.F.); (F.R.); (A.C.); (A.G.); (E.V.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-6653
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10
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Fischesser DM, Bo B, Benton RP, Su H, Jahanpanah N, Haworth KJ. Controlling Reperfusion Injury With Controlled Reperfusion: Historical Perspectives and New Paradigms. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2021; 26:504-523. [PMID: 34534022 DOI: 10.1177/10742484211046674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac reperfusion injury is a well-established outcome following treatment of acute myocardial infarction and other types of ischemic heart conditions. Numerous cardioprotection protocols and therapies have been pursued with success in pre-clinical models. Unfortunately, there has been lack of successful large-scale clinical translation, perhaps in part due to the multiple pathways that reperfusion can contribute to cell death. The search continues for new cardioprotection protocols based on what has been learned from past results. One class of cardioprotection protocols that remain under active investigation is that of controlled reperfusion. This class consists of those approaches that modify, in a controlled manner, the content of the reperfusate or the mechanical properties of the reperfusate (e.g., pressure and flow). This review article first provides a basic overview of the primary pathways to cell death that have the potential to be addressed by various forms of controlled reperfusion, including no-reflow phenomenon, ion imbalances (particularly calcium overload), and oxidative stress. Descriptions of various controlled reperfusion approaches are described, along with summaries of both mechanistic and outcome-oriented studies at the pre-clinical and clinical phases. This review will constrain itself to approaches that modify endogenously-occurring blood components. These approaches include ischemic postconditioning, gentle reperfusion, controlled hypoxic reperfusion, controlled hyperoxic reperfusion, controlled acidotic reperfusion, and controlled ionic reperfusion. This review concludes with a discussion of the limitations of past approaches and how they point to potential directions of investigation for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetria M Fischesser
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bin Bo
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rachel P Benton
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Haili Su
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Newsha Jahanpanah
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kevin J Haworth
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Saemann L, Korkmaz-Icöz S, Hoorn F, Veres G, Kraft P, Georgevici AI, Brune M, Guo Y, Loganathan S, Wenzel F, Karck M, Szabó G. Reconditioning of circulatory death hearts by ex-vivo machine perfusion with a novel HTK-N preservation solution. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 40:1135-1144. [PMID: 34420849 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Warm ischemia followed by blood reperfusion is associated with reduced myocardial contractility. Circulatory death (CD) hearts are maintained by machine perfusion (MP) with blood. However, the impact of MP with histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate (HTK) or novel HTK-N solution on reconditioning of CD-heart contractility is unknown. METHODS In a porcine model, native hearts were directly harvested (control), or CD was induced before harvesting, followed by left ventricular (LV) contractile assessment. In MP-groups, CD-hearts were maintained for 4 h by MP with blood (CD-B), cold oxygenated HTK (CD-HTK) or HTK-N (CD-HTK-N) before contractile evaluation (all groups n = 8). We performed immunohistochemistry of LV myocardial samples. We profiled myocardial expression of 84 oxidative stress-related genes and correlated the findings with myocardial contractility via a machine learning algorithm. RESULTS HTK-N improved end-systolic pressure (ESP=172±10 vs 132±5 mmHg, p = 0.02) and maximal slope of pressure increment (dp/dtmax=2161±214 vs 1240±167 mmHg/s, p = 0.005) compared to CD, whereas CD-B failed to improve contractility. Dp/dtmax (2161±214 vs 1177±156, p = 0.08) and maximal rate of pressure decrement (dp/dtmin=-1501±228 vs -637±79, p = 0.005) were also superior in CD-HTK-N compared to CD-B. In CD-HTK-N, myocardial 4-hydroxynonenal (marker for oxidative stress; p<0.001), nitrotyrosine (marker for nitrosative stress; p = 0.004), poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase (marker for necrosis; p = 0.028) immunoreactivity and cell swelling (p = 0.008) were decreased compared to CD-B. Strong correlation of gene expression with ESP was identified for oxidative stress defense genes in CD-HTK-N. CONCLUSION During harvesting procedure, MP with HTK-N reconditions CD-heart systolic and diastolic function by reducing oxidative and nitrosative stress and preventing cardiomyocytes from cell swelling and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Saemann
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany; Faculty Medical ,and Life Sciences, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.
| | - Sevil Korkmaz-Icöz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabio Hoorn
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty Medical ,and Life Sciences, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Gábor Veres
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Patricia Kraft
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian-Iustin Georgevici
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Anaesthesiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maik Brune
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuxing Guo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sivakkanan Loganathan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Folker Wenzel
- Faculty Medical ,and Life Sciences, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
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SUPPORT-1 (Subjects Undergoing PCI and Perioperative Reperfusion Treatment): A Prospective, Randomized Trial of CMX-2043 in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 76:189-196. [PMID: 32769849 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The natural molecule α-lipoic acid has been shown to be partially cytoprotective through antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanisms. To obtain an initial assessment of the safety and potential efficacy of a synthetic derivative, CMX-2043, in preventing ischemic complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) we conducted the Subjects Undergoing PCI and Perioperative Reperfusion Treatment (SUPPORT-1) trial, the first patient experience with this agent. METHODS AND RESULTS SUPPORT-1 was a phase 2a, 6-center, international, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trial. A total of 142 patients were randomized to receive a single intravenous bolus dose of drug or placebo administered 15-60 minutes before PCI. Cardiac biomarker assessments included serial measurements of creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) at 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after PCI and a single measurement of troponin T (TnT) at 24 hours. Peak concentrations of CK-MB and TnT were significantly reduced in the 2.4 mg/kg group compared with placebo (P = 0.05 and 0.03, respectively). No subject administered 2.4 mg/kg of CMX-2043 had an increase of CK-MB to ≥3X upper limit of normal versus 16% for placebo (P = 0.02); 16% of the 2.4-mg/kg dose group developed an elevation of TnT to ≥3X upper limit of normal versus 39% in the placebo group (P = 0.05). No drug-related serious adverse events were observed in any group. CONCLUSION These data suggest that CMX-2043 may reduce PCI periprocedural myonecrosis and support further clinical evaluation of this novel agent for its potential cytoprotective effects.
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Liu Q, Sun J, Zhang L, Xu Y, Wu B, Cao J. The Agonist of Inward Rectifier Potassium Channel (I K1) Attenuates Rat Reperfusion Arrhythmias Linked to CaMKII Signaling. Int Heart J 2021; 62:1348-1357. [PMID: 34853227 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inward rectifier potassium channels (IK1, Kir) are known to play critical roles in arrhythmogenesis. Thus, how IK1 agonist affects reperfusion arrhythmias needs to be clarified, and its underlying mechanisms should be determined. Reperfusion arrhythmias were modeled by coronary ligation (ischemia, 15 minutes) and release (reperfusion, 15 minutes). Zacopride (1.5-50 μg/kg in vivo, or 0.1-10 μmol/Lex vivo) was applied in the settings of pretreatment (3 minutes before coronary ligation) and posttreatment (5 minutes after coronary ligation). Hypoxia (45 minutes) /reoxygenation (30 minutes) model was established in cultured H9c2 (2-1) cardiomyocytes. Zacopride or KN93 was applied before hypoxia (pretreatment). In the setting of pre- or posttreatment, zacopride at 15 μg/kg in vivo or 1 μmol/Lin vitro exhibited superlative protections on reperfusion arrhythmias or intracellular calcium overload. Western blot data from ex vivo hearts or H9c2 (2-1) cardiomyocytes showed that I/R (H/R) induced the inhibition of Kir2.1 (the dominant subunit of IK1 channel in ventricle), phosphorylation and oxidation of CaMKII, downregulation of SERCA2, phosphorylation of phospholamban (at Thr17), and activation of caspase-3. Zacopride treatment (1 μmol/L) was noted to strikingly restore the expression of Kir2.1 and SERCA2 and decrease the activity of CaMKII, phospholamban, and caspase-3. These effects were largely eliminated by co-application of IK1 blocker BaCl2. CaMKII inhibitor KN93 attenuated calcium overload and p-PLB (Thr17) in an IK1-independent manner. IK1-depedent inhibition of CaMKII activity is found to be a key cardiac salvage signaling under Ca2+ dyshomeostasis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress. IK1 might be a novel target for pharmacological conditioning of reperfusion arrhythmia, especially for the application after unpredictable ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Yanwu Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Bowei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University
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Immohr MB, Pinto A, Jenke A, Boeken U, Lichtenberg A, Akhyari P. Prävention von Ischämie‑/Reperfusionsschäden. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR HERZ THORAX UND GEFASSCHIRURGIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00398-020-00394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Coronary artery disease is a major underlying etiology for heart failure. The role of coronary microvascular disease, and endothelial dysfunction, in the pathophysiology of heart failure is poorly appreciated. Endothelial dysfunction, induced by oxidative stress, contributes to the development of heart failure. Alterations of endothelial function and nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO-cGMP) pathway are involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure with both reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Indeed, an altered endothelium dependent vasodilatation, causing repeated episodes of ischemia/reperfusion, can induce a chronic stunned myocardium with systolic dysfunction and an increased diastolic stiffness with diastolic dysfunction. Moreover, the altered NO-cGMP pathway directly affects myocardial homeostasis. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with worse prognosis and higher rate of cardiovascular events. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting the NO-cGMP pathway in patients with HF will be discussed in this review article. Although clinical data are still inconclusive, the NO-cGMP pathway represents a promising target for therapy.
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Abstract
Significance: Cytoglobin (Cygb) was discovered as a new addition to the globin superfamily and subsequently identified to have potent nitric oxide (NO) dioxygenase function. Cygb plays a critical role in the oxygen-dependent regulation of NO levels and vascular tone. Recent Advances: In recent years, the mechanism of the Cygb-mediated NO dioxygenation has been studied in isolated protein, smooth muscle cell, isolated blood vessel, and in vivo animal model systems. Studies in Cygb-/- mice have demonstrated that Cygb plays a critical role in regulating blood pressure and vascular tone. This review summarizes advances in the knowledge of NO dioxygenation/metabolism regulated by Cygb. Advances in measurement of NO diffusion dynamics across blood vessels and kinetic modeling of Cygb-mediated NO dioxygenation are summarized. The oxygen-dependent regulation of NO degradation by Cygb is also reviewed along with how Cygb paradoxically generates NO from nitrite under anaerobic conditions. The important role of Cygb in the regulation of vascular function and disease is reviewed. Critical Issues: Cygb is a more potent NO dioxygenase (NOD) than previously known globins with structural differences in heme coordination and environment, conferring it with a higher rate of reduction and more rapid process of NO dioxygenation with unique oxygen dependence. Various cellular reducing systems regenerate the catalytic oxyferrous Cygb species, supporting a high rate of NO dioxygenation. Future Directions: There remains a critical need to further characterize the factors and processes that modulate Cygb-mediated NOD function, and to develop pharmacological or other approaches to modulate Cygb function and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay L Zweier
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Govindasamy Ilangovan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Wang L, Zhang J. Exosomal lncRNA AK139128 Derived from Hypoxic Cardiomyocytes Promotes Apoptosis and Inhibits Cell Proliferation in Cardiac Fibroblasts. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3363-3376. [PMID: 32494135 PMCID: PMC7229807 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s240660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of congestive heart failure and mortality. Hypoxia is an important trigger in the cardiac remodeling of the myocardium in the development and progression of cardiac diseases. Objective Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia-induced exosomes on cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and its related mechanisms. Materials and Methods In this study, we successfully isolated and identified the exosomes from hypoxic cardiomyocytes (CMs). Exosomes derived from hypoxic CMs promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in CFs. RNA-Seq assay suggested that long noncoding RNA AK139128 (lncRNA AK139128) was found to overexpress in both hypoxic CMs and CMs-secreting exosomes. After coculturing with CFs, hypoxic exosomes increased the expression of AK139128 in recipient CFs. Moreover, exosomal AK139128 derived from hypoxic CMs stimulated CFs apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, the effect of exosomal AK139128 derived from hypoxic CMs could also exacerbate MI in the rat model. Conclusion Taken together, hypoxia upregulated the level of AK139128 in CMs and exosomes and exosomal AK139128 derived from hypoxic CMs modulated cellular activities of CFs in vitro and in vivo. This study provides a new understanding of the mechanism underlying hypoxia-related cardiac diseases and insight into developing new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Cardiovascular Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province 061001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province 061001, People's Republic of China
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Bartoszewska S, Collawn JF. Unfolded protein response (UPR) integrated signaling networks determine cell fate during hypoxia. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:18. [PMID: 32190062 PMCID: PMC7071609 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During hypoxic conditions, cells undergo critical adaptive responses that include the up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible proteins (HIFs) and the induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR). While their induced signaling pathways have many distinct targets, there are some important connections as well. Despite the extensive studies on both of these signaling pathways, the exact mechanisms involved that determine survival versus apoptosis remain largely unexplained and therefore beyond therapeutic control. Here we discuss the complex relationship between the HIF and UPR signaling pathways and the importance of understanding how these pathways differ between normal and cancer cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - James F. Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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Barzyc A, Łysik W, Słyk J, Kuszewski M, Zarębiński M, Wojciechowska M, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A. Reperfusion injury as a target for diminishing infarct size. Med Hypotheses 2020; 137:109558. [PMID: 31958650 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Therapies for preventing reperfusion injury (RI) have been widely studied. However, the attempts to transfer cardioprotective therapies for reducing RI from experiments into clinical practice have been so far unsuccessful. Pathophysiological mechanisms of RI are complicated and compose of many pathways e.g. hypercontracture-mediated sarcolemma rupture, mitochondrial permeability transition pore persistent opening, reactive oxygen species formation, inflammation and no-reflow phenomenon. Based on research, it cannot be determined which mechanism dominates, probably they cooperate with a domination of one or another in different clinical circumstances. Our hypothesis is, that only intervention that at the same time interferes with different (all?) pathways of RI may turn out to be effective in decreasing the final area of infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barzyc
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Łysik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Słyk
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Kuszewski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Zarębiński
- Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
| | - M Wojciechowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland.
| | - A Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Yang YY, Ren YR, Zheng PF, Qu FJ, Song LQ, You CX, Wang XF, Hao YJ. Functional identification of apple MdMYB2 gene in phosphate-starvation response. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 244:153089. [PMID: 31812904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) starvation severely affects the normal growth and development of plants. Here, a Pi-responsive gene, named MdMYB2 (MDP0000823458), was cloned and functionally identified in apple. Overexpression of MdMYB2 regulated the expression of Pi starvation-induced (PSI) genes and then promoted phosphate assimilation and utilization. The ectopic expression of MdMYB2 in Arabidopsis influenced plant growth and flowering, which was partially rescued by application of exogenous gibberellin (GA). These results indicated that MdMYB2 may be an essential regulator in phosphate utilization and GA-regulated plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China; Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yan-Tai, 2655599, Shandong, China
| | - Yi-Ran Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Feng-Jia Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Lai-Qing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China; Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yan-Tai, 2655599, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China.
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Zhao T, Qiu Z, Gao Y. MiR-137-3p exacerbates the ischemia-reperfusion injured cardiomyocyte apoptosis by targeting KLF15. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:1013-1024. [PMID: 31822940 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a kind of the tissue damage caused by an abrupt re-supplying tissue with blood after a period of ischemia or hypoxia. It contributes to a wide range of pathological processes including kidney injury, circulatory arrest, and especially cardiovascular disease. However, the underlying pathological mechanism is not fully elucidated. Previously, extensive studies demonstrated that miRNAs participate in the pathogenesis of I/R injury, such as I/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Here, we found that miR-137-3p, a mature form of miR-137, was up-regulated in I/R-injured cardiomyocytes of myocardial infarction patients. Deficiency of miR-137-3p partly alleviated the cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) treatment in H9c2 cells. Also, we provided evidences that miR-137-3p directly targeted the 3' UTR of KLF15 mRNA to down-regulate its expression, and loss function of KLF15 significantly abolished the deleterious effects of ectopic miR-137-3p on cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these observations highlight a molecular perturbation in the pathogenesis of I/R injury in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Peace hospital attached to Changzhi, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Peace hospital attached to Changzhi, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Peace hospital attached to Changzhi, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Xiangya Hospital of central south university, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 89 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Hype or hope: Vagus nerve stimulation against acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2019; 30:481-488. [PMID: 31740206 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death worldwide. Although timely and successful reperfusion could reduce myocardial ischemia injury, limit infarct size, and improve ventricular dysfunction and reduce acute mortality, restoring blood flow might also lead to unwanted myocardial ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that multiple approaches are capable of attenuating the myocardial I/R injury. However, there is still no effective therapy for preventing myocardial I/R injury for the clinical setting. It is known that myocardial I/R injury could induce cardiac autonomic imbalance with over-activated sympathetic tone and reduced vagal activity, in turn, contributing to pathogenesis of myocardial I/R injury. Cumulative evidence shows that the enhancement of vagal activity, so called vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), is able to reduce injury and promote recovery of injured myocardium. Therefore, VNS might be a potentially novel strategy choice for preventing/attenuating myocardial I/R injury. In this review, we describe the protective role of VNS in myocardial I/R injury and related potential mechanisms. Then, we discuss the challenge and the opportunity of VNS in the treatment of acute myocardial I/R injury.
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Hacker TA, Diarra G, Fahl BL, Back S, Kaufmann E, Fahl WE. Significant reduction of ischemia-reperfusion cell death in mouse myocardial infarcts using the immediate-acting PrC-210 ROS-scavenger. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2019; 7:e00500. [PMID: 31338199 PMCID: PMC6625532 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Managing myocardial infarction (MI) to reduce cardiac cell death relies primarily on timely reperfusion of the affected coronary site, but reperfusion itself induces cell death through a toxic, ROS-mediated process. In this study, we determined whether the PrC-210 aminothiol ROS-scavenger could prevent ROS-induced damage in post-MI hearts. In a series of both in vitro and in vivo experiments, we show that: (a) in vitro, PrC-210 was the most potent and effective ROS-scavenger when functionally compared to eight of the most commonly studied antioxidants in the MI literature, (b) in vitro PrC-210 ROS-scavenging efficacy was both immediate (seconds) and long-lasting (hours), which would make it effective in both (1) real-time (seconds), as post-MI or cardiac surgery hearts are reperfused with PrC-210-containing blood, and (2) long-term (hours), as hearts are bathed with systemic PrC-210 after MI or surgery, (c) systemic PrC-210 caused a significant 36% reduction of mouse cardiac muscle death following a 45-minute cardiac IR insult; in a striking coincidence, the PrC-210 36% reduction in cardiac muscle death equals the 36% of the MI-induced cardiac cell death estimated 6 years ago by Ovize and colleagues to result from "reperfusion injury," (d) hearts in PrC-210-treated mice performed better than controls after heart attacks when functionally analyzed using echocardiography, and (e) the PrC-210 ROS-scavenging mechanism of action was corroborated by its ability to prevent >85% of the direct, H2O2-induced killing of neonate cardiomyocytes in cell culture. PrC-210 does not cause the nausea, emesis, nor hypotension that preclude clinical use of the WR-1065/amifostine aminothiol. PrC-210 is a highly effective ROS-scavenger that significantly reduces IR injury-associated cardiac cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A. Hacker
- Cardiovascular Physiology Core Facility, Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Gaoussou Diarra
- Cardiovascular Physiology Core Facility, Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Bryan L. Fahl
- Wisconsin Institutes for Medical ResearchUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Susan Back
- Wisconsin Institutes for Medical ResearchUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Erin Kaufmann
- Wisconsin Institutes for Medical ResearchUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - William E. Fahl
- Wisconsin Institutes for Medical ResearchUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
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Therapeutic Potential of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma against Human Diseases Based on Activation of Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defense System: Bioactive Constituents and Mechanism of Action. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7309073. [PMID: 30050659 PMCID: PMC6040253 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7309073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor regulating the intracellular antioxidant response and is an emerging target for the prevention and therapy of oxidative stress-related diseases. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (SMRR) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is commonly used for the therapy of cardiac cerebral diseases. Cumulative evidences indicated that the extract of SMRR and its constituents, represented by lipophilic diterpenoid quinones and hydrophilic phenolic acids, were capable of activating Nrf2 and inhibiting oxidative stress. These bioactive constituents demonstrated a therapeutic potential against human diseases, exemplified by cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, nephropathy, and inflammation, based on the induction of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response and the inhibition of oxidative stress. In the present review, we introduced the SMRR and Nrf2 signaling pathway, summarized the constituents with an Nrf2-inducing effect isolated from SMRR, and discussed the molecular mechanism and pharmacological functions of the SMRR extract and its constituents.
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Haworth KJ, Goldstein BH, Mercado-Shekhar KP, Srivastava R, Arunkumar P, Su H, Privitera EM, Holland CK, Redington AN. Dissolved Oxygen Scavenging by Acoustic Droplet Vaporization using Intravascular Ultrasound. IEEE INTERNATIONAL ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM : [PROCEEDINGS]. IEEE INTERNATIONAL ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM 2018; 2017. [PMID: 29910847 DOI: 10.1109/ultsym.2017.8091704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Modification of dissolved gas content by acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) has been proposed for several therapeutic applications. Reducing dissolved oxygen (DO) during reperfusion of ischemic tissue during coronary interventions could inhibit reactive oxygen species production and rescue myocardium. The objective of this study was to determine whether intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) can trigger ADV and reduce DO. Perfluoropentane emulsions were created using high-speed shaking and microfluidic manufacturing. High-speed shaking resulted in a polydisperse droplet distribution ranging from less than 1 micron to greater than 16 microns in diameter. Microfluidic manufacturing produced a narrower size range of droplets with diameters between 8.0 microns and 9.6 microns. The DO content of the fluids was measured before and after ADV triggered by IVUS exposure. Duplex B-mode and passive cavitation imaging was performed to assess nucleation of ADV. An increase in echogenicity indicative of ADV was observed after exposure with a clinical IVUS system. In a flow phantom, a 20% decrease in DO was measured distal to the IVUS transducer when droplets, formed via high-speed shaking, were infused. In a static fluid system, the DO content was reduced by 11% when droplets manufactured with a microfluidic chip were exposed to IVUS. These results demonstrate that a reduction of DO by ADV is feasible using a clinical IVUS system. Future studies will assess the potential therapeutic efficacy of IVUS-nucleated ADV and methods to increase the magnitude of DO scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Haworth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Bryan H Goldstein
- Division of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | | | - Rohan Srivastava
- Medical Sciences Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | - P Arunkumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Haili Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | | | - Christy K Holland
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Andrew N Redington
- Division of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
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26
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Boslett J, Helal M, Chini E, Zweier JL. Genetic deletion of CD38 confers post-ischemic myocardial protection through preserved pyridine nucleotides. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 118:81-94. [PMID: 29476764 PMCID: PMC6699759 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Following the onset of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), CD38 activation occurs and is associated with depletion of NAD(P)(H) in the heart as well as myocardial injury and endothelial dysfunction. Studies with pharmacological inhibitors suggest that the NADP+-hydrolyzing ability of CD38 can deplete the NAD(P)(H) pools. However, there is a need for more specific studies on the importance of CD38 and its role in the process of endothelial dysfunction and myocardial injury in the post-ischemic heart. Therefore, experiments were performed in hearts of mice with global gene knockout of CD38. Isolated perfused CD38-/- and wild type (WT) mouse hearts were studied to determine the link between CD38 activation, the levels of NADP(H), endothelial dysfunction, and myocardial injury after I/R. Genetic deletion of CD38 preserves the myocardial and endothelial NADP(H) pools compared to WT. Whole heart BH4 levels in CD38-/- hearts were also preserved. Post-ischemic levels of cGMP were greatly depleted in WT hearts, but preserved to near baseline levels in CD38-/- hearts. The preservation of these metabolite pools in CD38-/- hearts was accompanied by near full recovery of NOS-dependent coronary flow, while in WT hearts, severe impairment of endothelial function and NOS uncoupling occurred with decreased NO and enhanced superoxide generation. CD38-/- hearts also exhibited marked protection against I/R with preserved glutathione levels, increased recovery of left ventricular contractile function, decreased myocyte enzyme release, and decreased infarct size. Thus, CD38 activation causes post-ischemic depletion of NADP(H) within the heart, with severe depletion from the endothelium, resulting in endothelial dysfunction and myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Boslett
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Moustafa Helal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Eduardo Chini
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jay L Zweier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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27
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Abstract
Superoxide radical represents one of the most biologically relevant reactive oxygen species involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. Superoxide measurement through the decay of an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal of a triarylmethyl (TAM) radical possesses the advantage of a high selectivity and relatively high rate constant of TAM reaction with the superoxide. Hereby we report a straightforward synthesis and characterization of a TAM-TAM biradical showing a high reactivity with superoxide (second-order rate constant, (6.7 ± 0.2) × 103 M-1 s-1) enabling the measurement of superoxide radical by following the increase of a sharp EPR signal associated with the formation of a TAM-quinone-methide monoradical product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Poncelet
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
| | - Benoit Driesschaert
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
| | - Andrey A. Bobko
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
| | - Valery V. Khramtsov
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
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28
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Kloner RA, Brown DA, Csete M, Dai W, Downey JM, Gottlieb RA, Hale SL, Shi J. New and revisited approaches to preserving the reperfused myocardium. Nat Rev Cardiol 2017; 14:679-693. [PMID: 28748958 PMCID: PMC5991096 DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Early coronary artery reperfusion improves outcomes for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), but morbidity and mortality after STEMI remain unacceptably high. The primary deficits seen in these patients include inadequate pump function, owing to rapid infarction of muscle in the first few hours of treatment, and adverse remodelling of the heart in the months that follow. Given that attempts to further reduce myocardial infarct size beyond early reperfusion in clinical trials have so far been disappointing, effective therapies are still needed to protect the reperfused myocardium. In this Review, we discuss several approaches to preserving the reperfused heart, such as therapies that target the mechanisms involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics, pyroptosis, and autophagy, as well as treatments that harness the cardioprotective properties of inhaled anaesthetic agents. We also discuss potential therapies focused on correcting the no-reflow phenomenon and its effect on healing and adverse left ventricular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Kloner
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - David A Brown
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA
- Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA
- Virginia Tech Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA
| | - Marie Csete
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90017, USA
| | - Wangde Dai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - James M Downey
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, 5851 USA Drive North, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Roberta A Gottlieb
- Department of Medicine, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Heart Institute of Cedars-Sinai, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Sharon L Hale
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
| | - Jianru Shi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
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29
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Tang Y, Zhou G, Yao L, Xue P, Yu D, Xu R, Shi W, Yao X, Yan Z, Duan JA. Protective effect of Ginkgo biloba leaves extract, EGb761, on myocardium injury in ischemia reperfusion rats via regulation of TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:86671-86680. [PMID: 29156826 PMCID: PMC5689716 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Beneficial actions of EGb 761 against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in lung, brain and renal ischemia have been described. However, the relationship between EGb 761 and signal molecules in myocardial ischemia reperfusion has not been well elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of EGb 761 preconditioning on anti-myocardial I/R injuries in vivo. Meanwhile, their potential anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation effect were assessed. Hemodynamic parameters were monitored as left ventricular systolic pressure, LV end-diastolic pressure and maximal rate of increase and decrease of left ventricular pressure (dP/dtmax). The oxidative stress indicators and inflammatory factors were also evaluated. Western blot method was used for analysis of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), p-TLR4, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), p-NF-κB p65, Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions. EGb 761 significantly improved cardiac function, decreased levels of creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase. EGb 761 also restrained the oxidative stress related to myocardial ischemia injury as evidenced by decreased malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-peroxidase, glutathione reductase activity. Meanwhile, the inflammatory cascade was inhibited as evidenced by decreased cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β. Our results still showed that EGb 761 pretreatment significantly decrease the level of cleaved Bax, and increase the level of Bcl-2 in rats subjected to I/R injury. Simultaneously, the expressions of myocardial TLR4 and NF-κB were significantly decreased. It can be concluded that EGb 761 pretreatment was protected against myocardium I/R injury by decreasing oxidative stress, repressing inflammatory cascade in vivo and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Tang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712083, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lijun Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Ping Xue
- Changzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Danhong Yu
- The Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Renjie Xu
- Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
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30
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MicroRNA-126a-5p enhances myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through suppressing Hspb8 expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:94172-94187. [PMID: 29212219 PMCID: PMC5706865 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we found several genes are involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (M-I/R) injury. In this report, we first developed a mouse model of M-I/R injury and demonstrated microRNA-126a-5p was associated with the M-I/R injury by using high-throughput microRNA expression analysis. We further investigated the expression and function of microRNA-126a-5p during mouse M-I/R injury. We observed high expression of microRNA-126a-5p in the M-I/R mice and increased levels of LDH and CK-MB (damage markers) in the serum. H2O2 and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment significantly increased the expression of microRNA-126a-5p in H9C2 cells in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Moreover, microRNA-126a-5p overexpression in H9C2 cells inhibited cell viability but increased LDH release and caspase 3 activity. Cardiac function analysis based on the measurements of hemodynamic parameters showed that microRNA-126a-5p expression ablation in M-I/R injured mice led to the reversal of the symptoms caused by M-I/R injury. Transesophageal echocardiography also revealed that the values of LVIDd and LVIDs were decreased while the values of LVFS% and LVEF% were increased in M-I/R injured mice after treatment with microRNA-126a-5p inhibitor, compared with the M-I/R injured mice treated with the control. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that Hspb8, a protective protein in myocardium, was the target of microRNA-126a-5p. Thus, these findings indicated that microRNA-126a-5p was up-regulated in mouse M-I/R model and promoted M-I/R injury in vivo through suppressing the expression of Hspb8, which may shed light on the development of potential therapeutic target for M-I/R injury.
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31
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He Y, Zhang B, Chen Y, Jin Q, Wu J, Yan F, Zheng H. Image-Guided Hydrogen Gas Delivery for Protection from Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Microbubbles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21190-21199. [PMID: 28557412 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte death induced by ischemia-reperfusion is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hydrogen (H2), as an antioxidant, has been shown to have great potential in preventive and therapeutic applications against lethal injury that occurs from ischemia-reperfusion. However, H2 is sparingly soluble in water, resulting in its poor bioavailability in blood and damaged tissues. Here, we have developed an ultrasound-visible H2 delivery system by loading H2 inside microbubbles (H2-MBs) to prevent myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Using this system, the concentration of H2 in unit volume can be greatly improved under normal temperature and pressure conditions. H2-MBs can be visually tracked with ultrasound imaging systems and can effectively release their therapeutic gas. In vivo systemic delivery of H2-MBs in myocardial ischemic rats at the start of reperfusion resulted in a significant reduction of infarct size and pathological remodeling. Further analysis showed that this approach markedly inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduced myocardial inflammation and oxidant damage in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion rats. These results indicate that H2-MBs are a promising visual delivery system for H2-based therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan He
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai Eastern Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University , Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yihan Chen
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Qiaofeng Jin
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont , Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Fei Yan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510500, China
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32
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Yang Y, Yang M, Ai F, Huang C. Cardioprotective Effect of Aloe vera Biomacromolecules Conjugated with Selenium Trace Element on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 177:345-352. [PMID: 27873288 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cardioprotection potential and underlying molecular mechanism afforded by a selenium (Se) polysaccharide (Se-AVP) from Aloe vera in the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model of rats in vivo. Myocardial I/R injury was induced by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 30 min followed by 2-h continuous reperfusion. Pretreatment with Se-AVP (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) attenuated myocardial damage, as evidenced by reduction of the infarct sizes, increase in serum and myocardial endogenous antioxidants (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH), and catalase (CAT)), and decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the rats suffering I/R injury. This cardioprotective activity afforded by Se-AVP is further supported by the decreased levels of cardiac marker enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as the rise of myocardial Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities in I/R rats. Additionally, cardiomyocytic apoptosis was measured by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and the result showed that the percent of TUNEL-positive cells in myocardium of Se-AVP-treated groups was lower than I/R rats. In conclusion, we clearly demonstrated that Se-AVP had a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury in rats by augmenting endogenous antioxidants and protecting rat hearts from oxidative stress-induced myocardial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Network Medical, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Network Medical, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Fen Ai
- Emergency Department, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Di Lisa F, Giorgio M, Ferdinandy P, Schulz R. New aspects of p66Shc in ischaemia reperfusion injury and other cardiovascular diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1690-1703. [PMID: 26990284 PMCID: PMC5446581 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as crucial factors in the onset and progression of a wide array of diseases, they are also involved in numerous signalling pathways related to cell metabolism, growth and survival. ROS are produced at various cellular sites, and it is generally agreed that mitochondria generate the largest amount, especially those in cardiomyocytes. However, the identification of the most relevant sites within mitochondria, the interaction among the various sources, and the events responsible for the increase in ROS formation under pathological conditions are still highly debated, and far from being clarified. Here, we review the information linking the adaptor protein p66Shc with cardiac injury induced by ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R), including the contribution of risk factors, such as metabolic syndrome and ageing. In response to several stimuli, p66Shc migrates into mitochondria where it catalyses electron transfer from cytochrome c to oxygen resulting in hydrogen peroxide formation. Deletion of p66Shc has been shown to reduce I/R injury as well as vascular abnormalities associated with diabetes and ageing. However, p66Shc-induced ROS formation is also involved in insulin signalling and might contribute to self-endogenous defenses against mild I/R injury. In addition to its role in physiological and pathological conditions, we discuss compounds and conditions that can modulate the expression and activity of p66Shc. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental OncologyInstitute of OncologyMilanItaly
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Pharmahungary GroupSzegedHungary
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institut für PhysiologieJustus‐Liebig Universität GiessenGiessenGermany
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34
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Datta T, Przyklenk K, Datta NS. Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide: A Novel Endocrine Cardioprotective "Conditioning Mimetic". J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2017; 22:529-537. [PMID: 28403647 DOI: 10.1177/1074248417702976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An as-yet limited body of evidence suggests that calcium-regulating endocrine hormones-in particular, parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)-may have unappreciated cardioprotective effects. The current review focuses on the concept that PTHrP may, via modulation of classic cardioprotective signaling pathways, provide a novel strategy to attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuka Datta
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- 2 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,3 Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,4 Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nabanita S Datta
- 2 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,5 Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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35
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Slezák J, Kura B, Frimmel K, Zálešák M, Ravingerová T, Viczenczová C, Okruhlicová Ľ, Tribulová N. Preventive and therapeutic application of molecular hydrogen in situations with excessive production of free radicals. Physiol Res 2017; 65 Suppl 1:S11-28. [PMID: 27643933 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive production of oxygen free radicals has been regarded as a causative common denominator of many pathological processes in the animal kingdom. Hydroxyl and nitrosyl radicals represent the major cause of the destruction of biomolecules either by a direct reaction or by triggering a chain reaction of free radicals. Scavenging of free radicals may act preventively or therapeutically. A number of substances that preferentially react with free radicals can serve as scavengers, thus increasing the internal capacity/activity of endogenous antioxidants and protecting cells and tissues against oxidative damage. Molecular hydrogen (H(2)) reacts with strong oxidants, such as hydroxyl and nitrosyl radicals, in the cells, that enables utilization of its potential for preventive and therapeutic applications. H(2) rapidly diffuses into tissues and cells without affecting metabolic redox reactions and signaling reactive species. H(2) reduces oxidative stress also by regulating gene expression, and functions as an anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic agent. There is a growing body of evidence based on the results of animal experiments and clinical observations that H(2) may represent an effective antioxidant for the prevention of oxidative stress-related diseases. Application of molecular hydrogen in situations with excessive production of free radicals, in particular, hydroxyl and nitrosyl radicals is relatively simple and effective, therefore, it deserves special attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Slezák
- Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Hou YM, Wang J, Zhang XZ. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide exhibits cardioprotection in an experimental model of ischemia-reperfusion damage. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2653-2658. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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David JA, Rifkin WJ, Rabbani PS, Ceradini DJ. The Nrf2/Keap1/ARE Pathway and Oxidative Stress as a Therapeutic Target in Type II Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:4826724. [PMID: 28913364 PMCID: PMC5585663 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4826724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in awareness and treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (TIIDM), this disease remains a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and prevalence continues to rise. Oxidative damage caused by free radicals has long been known to contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of TIIDM and its complications. Only recently, however, has the role of the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE master antioxidant pathway in diabetic dysfunction begun to be elucidated. There is accumulating evidence that this pathway is implicated in diabetic damage to the pancreas, heart, and skin, among other cell types and tissues. Animal studies and clinical trials have shown promising results suggesting that activation of this pathway can delay or reverse some of these impairments in TIIDM. In this review, we outline the role of oxidative damage and the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway in TIIDM, focusing on current and future efforts to utilize this relationship as a therapeutic target for prevention, prognosis, and treatment of TIID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. David
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - William J. Rifkin
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Piul S. Rabbani
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Daniel J. Ceradini
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
- *Daniel J. Ceradini:
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Griendling KK, Touyz RM, Zweier JL, Dikalov S, Chilian W, Chen YR, Harrison DG, Bhatnagar A. Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species, Reactive Nitrogen Species, and Redox-Dependent Signaling in the Cardiovascular System: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circ Res 2016; 119:e39-75. [PMID: 27418630 DOI: 10.1161/res.0000000000000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are biological molecules that play important roles in cardiovascular physiology and contribute to disease initiation, progression, and severity. Because of their ephemeral nature and rapid reactivity, these species are difficult to measure directly with high accuracy and precision. In this statement, we review current methods for measuring these species and the secondary products they generate and suggest approaches for measuring redox status, oxidative stress, and the production of individual reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. We discuss the strengths and limitations of different methods and the relative specificity and suitability of these methods for measuring the concentrations of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species in cells, tissues, and biological fluids. We provide specific guidelines, through expert opinion, for choosing reliable and reproducible assays for different experimental and clinical situations. These guidelines are intended to help investigators and clinical researchers avoid experimental error and ensure high-quality measurements of these important biological species.
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Intravenous delivery of adeno-associated virus 9-encoded IGF-1Ea propeptide improves post-infarct cardiac remodelling. NPJ Regen Med 2016; 1:16001. [PMID: 29302333 PMCID: PMC5744701 DOI: 10.1038/npjregenmed.2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor Ea propeptide (IGF-1Ea) is a powerful enhancer of cardiac muscle growth and regeneration, also blocking age-related atrophy and beneficial in multiple skeletal muscle diseases. The therapeutic potential of IGF-1Ea compared with mature IGF-1 derives from its local action in the area of synthesis. We have developed an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector for IGF-1Ea delivery to the heart to treat mice after myocardial infarction and examine the reparative effects of local IGF-1Ea production on left ventricular remodelling. A cardiotropic AAV9 vector carrying a cardiomyocyte-specific IGF-1Ea-luciferase bi-cistronic gene expression cassette (AAV9.IGF-1Ea) was administered intravenously to infarcted mice, 5 h after ischemia followed by reperfusion (I/R), as a model of myocardial infarction. Virally encoded IGF-1Ea in the heart improved global left ventricular function and remodelling, as measured by wall motion and thickness, 28 days after delivery, with higher viral titers yielding better improvement. The present study demonstrates that single intravenous AAV9-mediated IGF-1Ea Gene Therapy represents a tissue-targeted therapeutic approach to prevent the adverse remodelling after myocardial infarct.
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Velayutham M, Hemann CF, Cardounel AJ, Zweier JL. Sulfite Oxidase Activity of Cytochrome c: Role of Hydrogen Peroxide. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 5:96-104. [PMID: 26709389 PMCID: PMC4689149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, sulfite is generated endogenously by the metabolism of sulfur containing amino acids such as methionine and cysteine. Sulfite is also formed from exposure to sulfur dioxide, one of the major environmental pollutants. Sulfite is used as an antioxidant and preservative in dried fruits, vegetables, and beverages such as wine. Sulfite is also used as a stabilizer in many drugs. Sulfite toxicity has been associated with allergic reactions characterized by sulfite sensitivity, asthma, and anaphylactic shock. Sulfite is also toxic to neurons and cardiovascular cells. Recent studies suggest that the cytotoxicity of sulfite is mediated by free radicals; however, molecular mechanisms involved in sulfite toxicity are not fully understood. Cytochrome c (cyt c) is known to participate in mitochondrial respiration and has antioxidant and peroxidase activities. Studies were performed to understand the related mechanism of oxidation of sulfite and radical generation by ferric cytochrome c (Fe3+cyt c) in the absence and presence of H2O2. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping studies using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) were performed with sulfite, Fe3+cyt c, and H2O2. An EPR spectrum corresponding to the sulfite radical adducts of DMPO (DMPO-SO3-) was obtained. The amount of DMPO-SO3- formed from the oxidation of sulfite by the Fe3+cyt c increased with sulfite concentration. In addition, the amount of DMPO-SO3- formed by the peroxidase activity of Fe3+cyt c also increased with sulfite and H2O2 concentration. From these results, we propose a mechanism in which the Fe3+cyt c and its peroxidase activity oxidizes sulfite to sulfite radical. Our results suggest that Fe3+cyt c could have a novel role in the deleterious effects of sulfite in biological systems due to increased production of sulfite radical. It also shows that the increased production of sulfite radical may be responsible for neurotoxicity and some of the injuries which occur to humans born with molybdenum cofactor and sulfite oxidase deficiencies. Cytochrome c oxidizes sulfite to sulfite radical. In the presence of H2O2, sulfite radical generation from cyt c increases. The formation of sulfite radical is sulfite concentration dependent. This mechanism of sulfite radical formation may be important in sulfite toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Velayutham
- Center for Biomedical EPR Spectroscopy and Imaging, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210 ; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - Craig F Hemann
- Center for Biomedical EPR Spectroscopy and Imaging, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Arturo J Cardounel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - Jay L Zweier
- Center for Biomedical EPR Spectroscopy and Imaging, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Abstract
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is indispensable for cardiac surgery but leads to systemic inflammatory responses and leukocyte activation, possibly due to blood contact with the surface of the CPB unit, surgical, ischemic reperfusion injury, etc. Systemic inflammatory responses during CPB result in increased morbidity and mortality. Activation of leukocytes is an important part of this process and directly contributes to coagulopathy and hemorrhage. This inflammatory response may contribute to the development of postoperative complications, including myocardial dysfunction, respiratory failure, renal and neurologic dysfunction, altered liver function and ultimately, multiple organ failure. Various pharmacologic and mechanical strategies have been developed to minimize the systemic inflammatory response during CPB. For example, leukocyte removal filters were developed in the 1990s for incorporation into the CPB circuit. However, studies of this approach have yielded conflicting findings. The purpose of this was to review the studies of a novel leukocyte removal filter in patients undergoing CPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Fujii
- a Department of Artificial Organs , National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute , Osaka , Japan
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Morin D, Musman J, Pons S, Berdeaux A, Ghaleh B. Mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO): From physiology to cardioprotection. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 105:1-13. [PMID: 26688086 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) is a high affinity cholesterol binding protein which is primarily located in the outer mitochondrial membrane where it has been shown to interact with proteins implicated in mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation. TSPO is found in different species and is expressed at high levels in tissues that synthesize steroids but is also present in other peripheral tissues especially in the heart. TSPO has been involved in the import of cholesterol into mitochondria, a key step in steroidogenesis. This constitutes the main established function of the protein which was recently challenged by genetic studies. TSPO has also been associated directly or indirectly with a wide range of cellular functions such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, regulation of mitochondrial function or porphyrin transport. In the heart the role of TSPO remains undefined but a growing body of evidence suggests that TSPO plays a critical role in regulating physiological cardiac function and that TSPO ligands may represent interesting drugs to protect the heart under pathological conditions. This article briefly reviews current knowledge regarding TSPO and discusses its role in the cardiovascular system under physiological and pathologic conditions. More particularly, it provides evidence that TSPO can represent an alternative strategy to develop new pharmacological agents to protect the myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Morin
- INSERM U955, Équipe 3, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, Créteil, France.
| | - Julien Musman
- INSERM U955, Équipe 3, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, Créteil, France.
| | - Sandrine Pons
- INSERM U955, Équipe 3, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, Créteil, France.
| | - Alain Berdeaux
- INSERM U955, Équipe 3, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, Créteil, France.
| | - Bijan Ghaleh
- INSERM U955, Équipe 3, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, Créteil, France.
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Datta NS, Chukkapalli S, Vengalil N, Zhan E, Przyklenk K, Lasley R. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide protects cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-induced cell death: First evidence of a novel endocrine-cardiovascular interaction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:202-7. [PMID: 26518653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although there is a growing interest in the molecular cross-talk between the endocrine and cardiovascular systems, the cardiac effects of calcium-regulating hormones (i.e., parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)) have not been explored. In this study, we examined the effect of PTHrP on the viability of isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes subjected to oxidative stress. Myocytes from 19 to 22 week old male 129J/C57BL6 mice were exposed to oxidative insult in the form of H2O2 which led to more than 70% loss of cell viability. Herein we demonstrate, for the first time, that pretreatment with 100 nM PTHrP prior to 100 μM H2O2 incubation prevents H2O2 -induced cell death by more than 50%. Immunoblot analysis revealed H2O2 induction of MKP-1 protein expression while PTHrP decreased MKP-1 expression. Moreover, myocytes derived from MKP1 KO mice were resistant to oxidative injury. No added benefit of PTHrP treatment was noted in MKP-1 null cardiomyocytes. Using specific pharmacological inhibitors we demonstrated that P-p38, P-ERK and P-AKT mediated PTHrP's cardioprotective action. These data provide novel evidence that: i) down-regulation of MKP1 affords profound protection against oxidative stress; and ii) PTHrP is cardioprotective, possibly via down-regulation of MKP-1 and activation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita S Datta
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Sahiti Chukkapalli
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Nathan Vengalil
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Enbo Zhan
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Robert Lasley
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Kim KS, Lee D, Song CG, Kang PM. Reactive oxygen species-activated nanomaterials as theranostic agents. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:2709-23. [PMID: 26328770 PMCID: PMC4612518 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from the endogenous oxidative metabolism or from exogenous pro-oxidant exposure. Oxidative stress occurs when there is excessive production of ROS, outweighing the antioxidant defense mechanisms which may lead to disease states. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the most abundant and stable forms of ROS, implicated in inflammation, cellular dysfunction and apoptosis, which ultimately lead to tissue and organ damage. This review is an overview of the role of ROS in different diseases. We will also examine ROS-activated nanomaterials with emphasis on hydrogen peroxide, and their potential medical implications. Further development of the biocompatible, stimuli-activated agent responding to disease causing oxidative stress, may lead to a promising clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye S Kim
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dongwon Lee
- Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561–756, South Korea
| | - Chul Gyu Song
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561–756, South Korea
| | - Peter M Kang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Xie L, Talukder MAH, Sun J, Varadharaj S, Zweier JL. Liposomal tetrahydrobiopterin preserves eNOS coupling in the post-ischemic heart conferring in vivo cardioprotection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 86:14-22. [PMID: 26116866 PMCID: PMC4558339 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and reduced BH4 availability leads to endothelial NOS (eNOS) uncoupling and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Questions remain regarding the functional state of eNOS and role of BH4 availability in the process of in vivo myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Rats were subjected to 60min of in vivo left coronary artery occlusion and varying periods of reperfusion with or without pre-ischemic liposomal BH4 supplementation (1mg/kg, iv). Myocardial infarction was correlated with cardiac BH4 content, eNOS protein level, NOS enzyme activity, and ROS generation. In the vehicle group, 60-min ischemia drastically reduced myocardial BH4 content in the area at risk (AAR) compared to non-ischemic (NI) area and the level remained lower during early reperfusion followed by recovery after 24-h reperfusion. Total eNOS, activated eNOS protein level (eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation) and NOS activity were also significantly reduced during ischemia and/or early reperfusion, but recovered after 24-h reperfusion. With liposomal BH4 treatment, BH4 levels were identical in the AAR and NI area during ischemia and/or early reperfusion, and were significantly higher than with vehicle. BH4 pre-treatment preserved eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation and NOS activity in the AAR, and significantly reduced myocardial ROS generation and infarction compared to vehicle. These findings provide direct evidence that in vivo I/R induces eNOS dysfunction secondary to BH4 depletion, and that pre-ischemic liposomal BH4 administration preserves eNOS function conferring cardioprotection with reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xie
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - M A Hassan Talukder
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jian Sun
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Saradhadevi Varadharaj
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jay L Zweier
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Pohl J, Hendgen-Cotta UB, Rammos C, Luedike P, Mull E, Stoppe C, Jülicher K, Lue H, Merx MW, Kelm M, Bernhagen J, Rassaf T. Targeted intracellular accumulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the reperfused heart mediates cardioprotection. Thromb Haemost 2015; 115:200-12. [PMID: 26310191 DOI: 10.1160/th15-05-0436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
S-nitrosation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been shown to be cytoprotective in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Since the exact mechanism of action is unknown, we here characterise the cardioprotective effects of targeted intracellular accumulation of MIF in myocardial I/R injury. We used different in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro models of myocardial I/R and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury to determine MIF levels by immunoblots and ELISA in different phases of reperfusion and reoxygenation, respectively. We discovered a rapid decrease of cardiac MIF that was specific to the early phase of reperfusion. Posttranslational modification of MIF via S-nitrosation--proofed by a modified version of the Biotin Switch Assay--prevented this rapid decrease, leading to a targeted intracellular accumulation of MIF in the early phase of reperfusion. Intracellular MIF accumulation preserved the intracellular ability of MIF to reduce oxidative stress as shown by hydrogen peroxide and aconitase activity measurements. Infarct size measurements by TTC staining showed an overall enhanced cardioprotective effect of this protein by reduction of reperfusion injury. In summary, we have unravelled a novel mechanism of MIF-mediated cardioprotection. Targeted intracellular accumulation of MIF by S-nitrosation may offer a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of myocardial I/R-injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tienush Rassaf
- Prof. Dr. Tienush Rassaf, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45147 Essen, Germany, Tel.: +49 201 723 4801, Fax: +49 201 723 5401, E-mail:
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47
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cardiac function is energetically demanding, reliant on efficient well-coupled mitochondria to generate adenosine triphosphate and fulfill the cardiac demand. Predictably then, mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with cardiac pathologies, often related to metabolic disease, most commonly diabetes. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by decreased left ventricular function, arises independently of coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. Dysregulation of Ca(2+) handling, metabolic changes, and oxidative stress are observed in DCM, abnormalities reflected in alterations in mitochondrial energetics. Cardiac tissue from DCM patients also presents with altered mitochondrial morphology, suggesting a possible role of mitochondrial dynamics in its pathological progression. RECENT ADVANCES Abnormal mitochondrial morphology is associated with pathologies across diverse tissues, suggesting that this highly regulated process is essential for proper cell maintenance and physiological homeostasis. Highly structured cardiac myofibers were hypothesized to limit alterations in mitochondrial morphology; however, recent work has identified morphological changes in cardiac tissue, specifically in DCM. CRITICAL ISSUES Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported independently from observations of altered mitochondrial morphology in DCM. The temporal relationship and causative nature between functional and morphological changes of mitochondria in the establishment/progression of DCM is unclear. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Altered mitochondrial energetics and morphology are not only causal for but also consequential to reactive oxygen species production, hence exacerbating oxidative damage through reciprocal amplification, which is integral to the progression of DCM. Therefore, targeting mitochondria for DCM will require better mechanistic characterization of morphological distortion and bioenergetic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad A Galloway
- 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Yisang Yoon
- 2Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
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48
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Dulce RA, Mayo V, Rangel EB, Balkan W, Hare JM. Interaction between neuronal nitric oxide synthase signaling and temperature influences sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak: role of nitroso-redox balance. Circ Res 2015; 116:46-55. [PMID: 25326127 PMCID: PMC4282621 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.305172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Although nitric oxide (NO) signaling modulates cardiac function and excitation-contraction coupling, opposing results because of inconsistent experimental conditions, particularly with respect to temperature, confound the ability to elucidate NO signaling pathways. Here, we show that temperature significantly modulates NO effects. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that temperature profoundly affects nitroso-redox equilibrium, thereby affecting sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium (Ca(2+)) leak. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured SR Ca(2+) leak in cardiomyocytes from wild-type (WT), NO/redox imbalance (neuronal nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice-1 [NOS1(-/-)]), and hyper S-nitrosoglutathione reductase-deficient (GSNOR(-/-)) mice. In WT cardiomyocytes, SR Ca(2+) leak increased because temperature decreased from 37°C to 23°C, whereas in NOS1(-/-) cells, the leak suddenly increased when the temperature surpassed 30°C. GSNOR(-/-) cardiomyocytes exhibited low leak throughout the temperature range. Exogenously added NO had a biphasic effect on NOS1(-/-) cardiomyocytes; reducing leak at 37°C but increasing it at subphysiological temperatures. Oxypurinol and Tempol diminished the leak in NOS1(-/-) cardiomyocytes. Cooling from 37°C to 23°C increased reactive oxygen species generation in WT but decreased it in NOS1(-/-) cardiomyocytes. Oxypurinol further reduced reactive oxygen species generation. At 23°C in WT cells, leak was decreased by tetrahydrobiopterin, an essential NOS cofactor. Cooling significantly increased SR Ca(2+) content in NOS1(-/-) cells but had no effect in WT or GSNOR(-/-). CONCLUSIONS Ca(2+) leak and temperature are normally inversely proportional, whereas NOS1 deficiency reverses this effect, increasing leak and elevating reactive oxygen species production because temperature increases. Reduced denitrosylation (GSNOR deficiency) eliminates the temperature dependence of leak. Thus, temperature regulates the balance between NO and reactive oxygen species which in turn has a major effect on SR Ca(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul A Dulce
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL
| | - Vera Mayo
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL
| | - Erika B Rangel
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL
| | - Wayne Balkan
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL
| | - Joshua M Hare
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL.
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49
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Bliksøen M, Baysa A, Eide L, Bjørås M, Suganthan R, Vaage J, Stensløkken KO, Valen G. Mitochondrial DNA damage and repair during ischemia-reperfusion injury of the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 78:9-22. [PMID: 25446179 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the heart generates reactive oxygen species that oxidize macromolecules including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) works synergistically with MutY DNA glycosylase (MYH) to maintain mtDNA integrity. Our objective was to study the functional outcome of lacking the repair enzymes OGG1 and MYH after myocardial IR and we hypothesized that OGG1 and MYH are important enzymes to preserve mtDNA and heart function after IR. Ex vivo global ischemia for 30min followed by 10min of reperfusion induced mtDNA damage that was removed within 60min of reperfusion in wild-type mice. After 60min of reperfusion the ogg1(-/-) mice demonstrated increased mtDNA copy number and decreased mtDNA damage removal suggesting that OGG1 is responsible for removal of IR-induced mtDNA damage and copy number regulation. mtDNA damage was not detected in the ogg1(-/-)/myh(-/-), inferring that adenine opposite 8-oxoguanine is an abundant mtDNA lesion upon IR. The level and integrity of mtDNA were restored in all genotypes after 35min of regional ischemia and six week reperfusion with no change in cardiac function. No consistent upregulation of other mitochondrial base excision repair enzymes in any of our knockout models was found. Thus repair of mtDNA oxidative base lesions may not be important for maintenance of cardiac function during IR injury in vivo. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Mitochondria: From Basic Mitochondrial Biology to Cardiovascular Disease."
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bliksøen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - A Baysa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - L Eide
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - M Bjørås
- Department of Microbiology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway
| | - R Suganthan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway
| | - J Vaage
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Intensive Care, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - K O Stensløkken
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - G Valen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
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Lee MCI, Velayutham M, Komatsu T, Hille R, Zweier JL. Measurement and characterization of superoxide generation from xanthine dehydrogenase: a redox-regulated pathway of radical generation in ischemic tissues. Biochemistry 2014; 53:6615-23. [PMID: 25243829 PMCID: PMC4204892 DOI: 10.1021/bi500582r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The enzyme xanthine oxidoreductase
(XOR) is an important source
of oxygen free radicals and related postischemic injury. Xanthine
dehydrogenase (XDH), the major form of XOR in tissues, can be converted
to xanthine oxidase (XO) by oxidation of sulfhydryl residues or by
proteolysis. The conversion of XDH to XO has been assumed to be required
for radical generation and tissue injury. It is also possible that
XDH could generate significant quantities of superoxide, •O2–, for cellular signaling or injury;
however, this possibility and its potential ramifications have not
been previously considered. To unambiguously determine if XDH can
be a significant source of •O2–, experiments were performed to measure and characterize •O2– generation using XDH from chicken
liver that is locked in the dehydrogenase conformation. Electron paramagnetic
resonance spin trapping experiments with 5-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide demonstrated that XDH in the presence of xanthine
produces significant amounts of •O2–. NAD+ and NADH inhibited the generation
of •O2– from XDH in
a dose-dependent manner, with NAD+ exhibiting stronger
inhibition than NADH at low physiological concentrations. Decreased
amounts of NAD+ and NADH, which occur during and following
tissue ischemia, enhanced the generation of •O2– from XDH in the presence of xanthine.
It was observed that XDH-mediated oxygen radical generation markedly
depressed Ca2+-ATPase activity of isolated sarcoplasmic
reticulum vesicles from cardiac muscle, and this was modulated by
NAD+ and NADH. Thus, XDH can be an important redox-regulated
source of •O2– generation
in ischemic tissue, and conversion to XO is not required to activate
radical formation and subsequent tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaichi-Chang-Il Lee
- Center for Biomedical EPR Spectroscopy and Imaging, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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