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Wang X, Zhang J, Su J, Huang T, Lian L, Nie Q, Zhang X, Li J, Wang Y. Genome-wide mapping of the binding sites of myocyte enhancer factor 2A in chicken primary myoblasts. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104097. [PMID: 39094502 PMCID: PMC11345569 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In contrast to the wide characterization of its regulation mechanism in mammalian skeletal muscle, its role in chickens is limited. Especially, its wide target genes remain to be identified. Therefore, we utilized Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) technology to reveal the genome-wide binding profile of MEF2A in chicken primary myoblasts thus gaining insights into its potential role in muscle development. Our results revealed that MEF2A binding sites were primarily distributed in intergenic and intronic regions. Within the promoter region, although only 8.87% of MEF2A binding sites were found, these binding sites were concentrated around the transcription start site (TSS). Following peak annotation, a total of 1903 genes were identified as potential targets of MEF2A. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis further revealed that MEF2A target genes may be involved in the regulation of embryonic development in multiple organ systems, including muscle development, gland development, and visual system development. Moreover, a comparison of the MEF2A target genes identified in chicken primary myoblasts with those in mouse C2C12 cells revealed 388 target genes are conserved across species, 1515 target genes are chicken specific. Among these conserved genes, ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 5 (ASB5), transmembrane protein 182 (TMEM182), myomesin 2 (MYOM2), leucyl and cystinyl aminopeptidase (LNPEP), actinin alpha 2 (ACTN2), sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1 (SORBS1), ankyrin 3 (ANK3), sarcoglycan delta (SGCD), and ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (ORAI1) exhibited consistent expression patterns with MEF2A during embryonic muscle development. Finally, TMEM182, as an important negative regulator of muscle development, has been validated to be regulated by MEF2A by dual-luciferase and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays. In summary, our study for the first time provides a wide landscape of MEF2A target genes in chicken primary myoblasts, which supports the active role of MEF2A in chicken muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Jiannan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Jiancheng Su
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Ling Lian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Joint Nutrition Center for Animal Feeding of Sichuan University-Shengliyuan Group
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; Joint Nutrition Center for Animal Feeding of Sichuan University-Shengliyuan Group
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; Joint Nutrition Center for Animal Feeding of Sichuan University-Shengliyuan Group.
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2
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Venkatasubramanian D, Senevirathne G, Capellini TD, Craft AM. Leveraging single cell multiomic analyses to identify factors that drive human chondrocyte cell fate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.12.598666. [PMID: 38915712 PMCID: PMC11195167 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.12.598666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Cartilage plays a crucial role in skeletal development and function, and abnormal development contributes to genetic and age-related skeletal disease. To better understand how human cartilage develops in vivo , we jointly profiled the transcriptome and open chromatin regions in individual nuclei recovered from distal femurs at 2 fetal timepoints. We used these multiomic data to identify transcription factors expressed in distinct chondrocyte subtypes, link accessible regulatory elements with gene expression, and predict transcription factor-based regulatory networks that are important for growth plate or epiphyseal chondrocyte differentiation. We developed a human pluripotent stem cell platform for interrogating the function of predicted transcription factors during chondrocyte differentiation and used it to test NFATC2 . We expect new regulatory networks we uncovered using multiomic data to be important for promoting cartilage health and treating disease, and our platform to be a useful tool for studying cartilage development in vitro . Statement of Significance The identity and integrity of the articular cartilage lining our joints are crucial to pain-free activities of daily living. Here we identified a gene regulatory landscape of human chondrogenesis at single cell resolution, which is expected to open new avenues of research aimed at mitigating cartilage diseases that affect hundreds of millions of individuals world-wide.
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Avarlaid A, Falkenberg K, Lehe K, Mudò G, Belluardo N, Di Liberto V, Frinchi M, Tuvikene J, Timmusk T. An upstream enhancer and MEF2 transcription factors fine-tune the regulation of the Bdnf gene in cortical and hippocampal neurons. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107411. [PMID: 38796067 PMCID: PMC11234010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The myocyte enhancer factor (MEF2) family of transcription factors, originally discovered for its pivotal role in muscle development and function, has emerged as an essential regulator in various aspects of brain development and neuronal plasticity. The MEF2 transcription factors are known to regulate numerous important genes in the nervous system, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a small secreted neurotrophin responsible for promoting the survival, growth, and differentiation of neurons. The expression of the Bdnf gene is spatiotemporally controlled by various transcription factors binding to both its proximal and distal regulatory regions. While previous studies have investigated the connection between MEF2 transcription factors and Bdnf, the endogenous function of MEF2 factors in the transcriptional regulation of Bdnf remains largely unknown. Here, we aimed to deepen the knowledge of MEF2 transcription factors and their role in the regulation of Bdnf comparatively in rat cortical and hippocampal neurons. As a result, we demonstrate that the MEF2 transcription factor-dependent enhancer located at -4.8 kb from the Bdnf gene regulates the endogenous expression of Bdnf in hippocampal neurons. In addition, we confirm neuronal activity-dependent activation of the -4.8 kb enhancer in vivo. Finally, we show that specific MEF2 family transcription factors have unique roles in the regulation of Bdnf, with the specific function varying based on the particular brain region and stimuli. Altogether, we present MEF2 family transcription factors as crucial regulators of Bdnf expression, fine-tuning Bdnf expression through both distal and proximal regulatory regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annela Avarlaid
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Kaisa Falkenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Karin Lehe
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natale Belluardo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Frinchi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jürgen Tuvikene
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia; Protobios LLC, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia; Protobios LLC, Tallinn, Estonia.
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D'Antona S, Porro D, Gallivanone F, Bertoli G. Characterization of cell cycle, inflammation, and oxidative stress signaling role in non-communicable diseases: Insights into genetic variants, microRNAs and pathways. Comput Biol Med 2024; 174:108346. [PMID: 38581999 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) significantly impact global health, contributing to over 70% of premature deaths, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). These diseases have complex and multifactorial origins, involving genetic, epigenetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. While Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) is widely recognized as a valuable tool for identifying variants associated with complex phenotypes; the multifactorial nature of NCDs necessitates a more comprehensive exploration, encompassing not only the genetic but also the epigenetic aspect. For this purpose, we employed a bioinformatics-multiomics approach to examine the genetic and epigenetic characteristics of NCDs (i.e. colorectal cancer, coronary atherosclerosis, squamous cell lung cancer, psoriasis, type 2 diabetes, and multiple sclerosis), aiming to identify novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Leveraging GWAS summary statistics, we pinpointed Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) independently associated with each NCD. Subsequently, we identified genes linked to cell cycle, inflammation and oxidative stress mechanisms, revealing shared genes across multiple diseases, suggesting common functional pathways. From an epigenetic perspective, we identified microRNAs (miRNAs) with regulatory functions targeting these genes of interest. Our findings underscore critical genetic pathways implicated in these diseases. In colorectal cancer, the dysregulation of the "Cytokine Signaling in Immune System" pathway, involving LAMA5 and SMAD7, regulated by Hsa-miR-21-5p, Hsa-miR-103a-3p, and Hsa-miR-195-5p, emerged as pivotal. In coronary atherosclerosis, the pathway associated with "binding of TCF/LEF:CTNNB1 to target gene promoters" displayed noteworthy implications, with the MYC factor controlled by Hsa-miR-16-5p as a potential regulatory factor. Squamous cell lung carcinoma analysis revealed significant pathways such as "PTK6 promotes HIF1A stabilization," regulated by Hsa-let-7b-5p. In psoriasis, the "Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway," involving HLA-C and Hsa-miR-148a-3p and Hsa-miR-148b-3p, was identified as crucial. Type 2 Diabetes implicated the "Regulation of TP53 Expression" pathway, controlled by Hsa-miR-106a-5p and Hsa-miR-106b-5p. In conclusion, our study elucidates the genetic framework and molecular mechanisms underlying NCDs, offering crucial insights into potential genetic/epigenetic biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. The specificity of pathways and related miRNAs in different pathologies highlights promising candidates for further clinical validation, with the potential to advance personalized treatments and alleviate the global burden of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore D'Antona
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Via F.lli Cervi 93, 20054, Milan, Italy
| | - Danilo Porro
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Via F.lli Cervi 93, 20054, Milan, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Gallivanone
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Via F.lli Cervi 93, 20054, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Bertoli
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Via F.lli Cervi 93, 20054, Milan, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy.
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Grunert M, Dorn C, Rickert-Sperling S. Cardiac Transcription Factors and Regulatory Networks. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:295-311. [PMID: 38884718 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac development is a fine-tuned process governed by complex transcriptional networks, in which transcription factors (TFs) interact with other regulatory layers. In this chapter, we introduce the core cardiac TFs including Gata, Hand, Nkx2, Mef2, Srf, and Tbx. These factors regulate each other's expression and can also act in a combinatorial manner on their downstream targets. Their disruption leads to various cardiac phenotypes in mice, and mutations in humans have been associated with congenital heart defects. In the second part of the chapter, we discuss different levels of regulation including cis-regulatory elements, chromatin structure, and microRNAs, which can interact with transcription factors, modulate their function, or are downstream targets. Finally, examples of disturbances of the cardiac regulatory network leading to congenital heart diseases in human are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Grunert
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Dorn
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Bileckyj C, Blotz B, Cripps RM. Drosophila as a Model to Understand Second Heart Field Development. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:494. [PMID: 38132661 PMCID: PMC10744189 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10120494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic model system Drosophila has contributed fundamentally to our understanding of mammalian heart specification, development, and congenital heart disease. The relatively simple Drosophila heart is a linear muscular tube that is specified and develops in the embryo and persists throughout the life of the animal. It functions at all stages to circulate hemolymph within the open circulatory system of the body. During Drosophila metamorphosis, the cardiac tube is remodeled, and a new layer of muscle fibers spreads over the ventral surface of the heart to form the ventral longitudinal muscles. The formation of these fibers depends critically upon genes known to be necessary for mammalian second heart field (SHF) formation. Here, we review the prior contributions of the Drosophila system to the understanding of heart development and disease, discuss the importance of the SHF to mammalian heart development and disease, and then discuss how the ventral longitudinal adult cardiac muscles can serve as a novel model for understanding SHF development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard M. Cripps
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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7
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Wang Z, Luo M, Liang Q, Zhao K, Hu Y, Wang W, Feng X, Hu B, Teng J, You T, Li R, Bao Z, Pan W, Yang T, Zhang C, Li T, Dong X, Yi X, Liu B, Zhao L, Li M, Chen K, Song W, Yang J, Li MJ. Landscape of enhancer disruption and functional screen in melanoma cells. Genome Biol 2023; 24:248. [PMID: 37904237 PMCID: PMC10614365 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high mutation rate throughout the entire melanoma genome presents a major challenge in stratifying true driver events from the background mutations. Numerous recurrent non-coding alterations, such as those in enhancers, can shape tumor evolution, thereby emphasizing the importance in systematically deciphering enhancer disruptions in melanoma. RESULTS Here, we leveraged 297 melanoma whole-genome sequencing samples to prioritize highly recurrent regions. By performing a genome-scale CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screen on highly recurrent region-associated enhancers in melanoma cells, we identified 66 significant hits which could have tumor-suppressive roles. These functional enhancers show unique mutational patterns independent of classical significantly mutated genes in melanoma. Target gene analysis for the essential enhancers reveal many known and hidden mechanisms underlying melanoma growth. Utilizing extensive functional validation experiments, we demonstrate that a super enhancer element could modulate melanoma cell proliferation by targeting MEF2A, and another distal enhancer is able to sustain PTEN tumor-suppressive potential via long-range interactions. CONCLUSIONS Our study establishes a catalogue of crucial enhancers and their target genes in melanoma growth and progression, and illuminates the identification of novel mechanisms of dysregulation for melanoma driver genes and new therapeutic targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Menghan Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Scientific Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuelin Hu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangling Feng
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bolang Hu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianjin Teng
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyi You
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Li
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhengkai Bao
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Pan
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tielong Yang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaobao Dong
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianfu Yi
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaoxin Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weihong Song
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Jilong Yang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Mulin Jun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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8
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Smith JR, Dowling JW, McFadden MI, Karp A, Schwerk J, Woodward JJ, Savan R, Forero A. MEF2A suppresses stress responses that trigger DDX41-dependent IFN production. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112805. [PMID: 37467105 PMCID: PMC10652867 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress in the form of disrupted transcription, loss of organelle integrity, or damage to nucleic acids can elicit inflammatory responses by activating signaling cascades canonically tasked with controlling pathogen infections. These stressors must be kept in check to prevent unscheduled activation of interferon, which contributes to autoinflammation. This study examines the role of the transcription factor myocyte enhancing factor 2A (MEF2A) in setting the threshold of transcriptional stress responses to prevent R-loop accumulation. Increases in R-loops lead to the induction of interferon and inflammatory responses in a DEAD-box helicase 41 (DDX41)-, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent manner. The loss of MEF2A results in the activation of ATM and RAD3-related (ATR) kinase, which is also necessary for the activation of STING. This study identifies the role of MEF2A in sustaining transcriptional homeostasis and highlights the role of ATR in positively regulating R-loop-associated inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian R Smith
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jack W Dowling
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Matthew I McFadden
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrew Karp
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Discovery PREP, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Johannes Schwerk
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Joshua J Woodward
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ram Savan
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Adriana Forero
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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9
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Sun J, Ruan Y, Xu J, Shi P, Xu H. Effect of Bovine MEF2A Gene Expression on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Myoblast Cells. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1498. [PMID: 37510401 PMCID: PMC10379155 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) is a member of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 family. MEF2A is widely distributed in various tissues and organs and participates in various physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MEF2A expression on the proliferation and apoptosis of bovine myoblasts. CCK8, ELISA, cell cycle, and apoptosis analyses were conducted to assess cell status. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of genes associated with bovine myoblast proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated using RT-qPCR. The results showed that the upregulation of MEF2A mRNA promoted the proliferation rate of myoblasts, shortened the cycle process, and increased the anti-apoptotic rate. Furthermore, the RT-qPCR results showed that the upregulation of MEF2A mRNA significantly increased the cell proliferation factors MyoD1 and IGF1, cell cycle factors CDK2 and CCNA2, and the apoptotic factors Bcl2 and BAD (p < 0.01). These results show that the MEF2A gene can positively regulate myoblast proliferation and anti-apoptosis, providing a basis for the analysis of the regulatory mechanism of the MEF2A gene on bovine growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiali Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Pengfei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Houqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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10
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Bai J, Lin Y, Zhang J, Chen Z, Wang Y, Li M, Li J. Profiling of Chromatin Accessibility in Pigs across Multiple Tissues and Developmental Stages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11076. [PMID: 37446255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of chromatin accessibility across tissues and developmental stages is essential for elucidating the transcriptional regulation of various phenotypes and biological processes. However, the chromatin accessibility profiles of multiple tissues in newborn pigs and across porcine liver development remain poorly investigated. Here, we used ATAC-seq and rRNA-depleted RNA-seq to profile open chromatin maps and transcriptional features of heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, and spleen in newborn pigs and porcine liver tissue in the suckling and adult stages, respectively. Specifically, by analyzing a union set of protein-coding genes (PCGs) and two types of transcripts (lncRNAs and TUCPs), we obtained a comprehensive annotation of consensus ATAC-seq peaks for each tissue and developmental stage. As expected, the PCGs with tissue-specific accessible promoters had active transcription and were relevant to tissue-specific functions. In addition, other non-coding tissue-specific peaks were involved in both physical activity and the morphogenesis of neonatal tissues. We also characterized stage-specific peaks and observed a close association between dynamic chromatin accessibility and hepatic function transition during liver postnatal development. Overall, this study expands our current understanding of epigenetic regulation in mammalian tissues and organ development, which can benefit both economic trait improvement and improve the biomedical usage of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Bai
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiaman Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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11
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Vishal K, Barajas Alonso E, DeAguero AA, Waters JA, Chechenova MB, Cripps RM. Phosphorylation of the Myogenic Factor Myocyte Enhancer Factor-2 Impacts Myogenesis In Vivo. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:241-253. [PMID: 37184381 PMCID: PMC10251773 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2198167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Activity of the myogenic regulatory protein myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) is modulated by post-translational modification. We investigated the in vivo phosphorylation of Drosophila MEF2, and identified serine 98 (S98) as a phosphorylated residue. Phospho-mimetic (S98E) and phospho-null (S98A) isoforms of MEF2 did not differ from wild-type in their activity in vitro, so we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate an S98A allele of the endogenous gene. In mutant larvae we observed phenotypes characteristic of reduced MEF2 function, including reduced body wall muscle size and reduced expression of myofibrillar protein genes; conversely,S98A homozygotes showed enhanced MEF2 function through muscle differentiation within the adult myoblasts associated with the wing imaginal disc. In adults, S98A homozygotes were viable with normal mobility, yet showed patterning defects in muscles that were enhanced when the S98A allele was combined with a Mef2 null allele. Overall our data indicate that blocking MEF2 S98 phosphorylation in myoblasts enhances its myogenic capability, whereas blocking S98 phosphorylation in differentiating muscles attenuates MEF2 function. Our studies are among the first to assess the functional significance of MEF2 phosphorylation sites in the intact animal, and suggest that the same modification can have profoundly different effects upon MEF2 function depending upon the developmental context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Vishal
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Ashley A. DeAguero
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Waters
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Maria B. Chechenova
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Richard M. Cripps
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
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12
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Yamamoto T, Maurya SK, Pruzinsky E, Batmanov K, Xiao Y, Sulon SM, Sakamoto T, Wang Y, Lai L, McDaid KS, Shewale SV, Leone TC, Koves TR, Muoio DM, Dierickx P, Lazar MA, Lewandowski ED, Kelly DP. RIP140 deficiency enhances cardiac fuel metabolism and protects mice from heart failure. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e162309. [PMID: 36927960 PMCID: PMC10145947 DOI: 10.1172/jci162309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
During the development of heart failure (HF), the capacity for cardiomyocyte (CM) fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and ATP production is progressively diminished, contributing to pathologic cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction. Receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140, encoded by Nrip1) has been shown to function as a transcriptional corepressor of oxidative metabolism. We found that mice with striated muscle deficiency of RIP140 (strNrip1-/-) exhibited increased expression of a broad array of genes involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism and contractile function in heart and skeletal muscle. strNrip1-/- mice were resistant to the development of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and CM-specific RIP140-deficient (csNrip1-/-) mice were protected against the development of HF caused by pressure overload combined with myocardial infarction. Genomic enhancers activated by RIP140 deficiency in CMs were enriched in binding motifs for transcriptional regulators of mitochondrial function (estrogen-related receptor) and cardiac contractile proteins (myocyte enhancer factor 2). Consistent with a role in the control of cardiac fatty acid oxidation, loss of RIP140 in heart resulted in augmented triacylglyceride turnover and fatty acid utilization. We conclude that RIP140 functions as a suppressor of a transcriptional regulatory network that controls cardiac fuel metabolism and contractile function, representing a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehisa Yamamoto
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Santosh K. Maurya
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth Pruzinsky
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah M. Sulon
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tomoya Sakamoto
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ling Lai
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kendra S. McDaid
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Swapnil V. Shewale
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teresa C. Leone
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy R. Koves
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Deborah M. Muoio
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pieterjan Dierickx
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - E. Douglas Lewandowski
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel P. Kelly
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Kannan S, Miyamoto M, Zhu R, Lynott M, Guo J, Chen EZ, Colas AR, Lin BL, Kwon C. Trajectory reconstruction identifies dysregulation of perinatal maturation programs in pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112330. [PMID: 37014753 PMCID: PMC10545814 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A limitation in the application of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) is the failure of these cells to achieve full functional maturity. The mechanisms by which directed differentiation differs from endogenous development, leading to consequent PSC-CM maturation arrest, remain unclear. Here, we generate a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) reference of mouse in vivo CM maturation with extensive sampling of previously difficult-to-isolate perinatal time periods. We subsequently generate isogenic embryonic stem cells to create an in vitro scRNA-seq reference of PSC-CM-directed differentiation. Through trajectory reconstruction, we identify an endogenous perinatal maturation program that is poorly recapitulated in vitro. By comparison with published human datasets, we identify a network of nine transcription factors (TFs) whose targets are consistently dysregulated in PSC-CMs across species. Notably, these TFs are only partially activated in common ex vivo approaches to engineer PSC-CM maturation. Our study can be leveraged toward improving the clinical viability of PSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Kannan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Miyamoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Renjun Zhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michaela Lynott
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jason Guo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elaine Zhelan Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexandre R Colas
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Brian Leei Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chulan Kwon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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14
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Moustafa A, Hashemi S, Brar G, Grigull J, Ng SHS, Williams D, Schmitt-Ulms G, McDermott JC. The MEF2A transcription factor interactome in cardiomyocytes. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:240. [PMID: 37019881 PMCID: PMC10076289 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulators encoded by the Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 (MEF2) gene family play a fundamental role in cardiac development, homeostasis and pathology. Previous studies indicate that MEF2A protein-protein interactions serve as a network hub in several cardiomyocyte cellular processes. Based on the idea that interactions with regulatory protein partners underly the diverse roles of MEF2A in cardiomyocyte gene expression, we undertook a systematic unbiased screen of the MEF2A protein interactome in primary cardiomyocytes using an affinity purification-based quantitative mass spectrometry approach. Bioinformatic processing of the MEF2A interactome revealed protein networks involved in the regulation of programmed cell death, inflammatory responses, actin dynamics and stress signaling in primary cardiomyocytes. Further biochemical and functional confirmation of specific protein-protein interactions documented a dynamic interaction between MEF2A and STAT3 proteins. Integration of transcriptome level data from MEF2A and STAT3-depleted cardiomyocytes reveals that the balance between MEF2A and STAT3 activity exerts a level of executive control over the inflammatory response and cardiomyocyte cell survival and experimentally ameliorates Phenylephrine induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Lastly, we identified several MEF2A/STAT3 co-regulated genes, including the MMP9 gene. Herein, we document the cardiomyocyte MEF2A interactome, which furthers our understanding of protein networks involved in the hierarchical control of normal and pathophysiological cardiomyocyte gene expression in the mammalian heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Moustafa
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Centre for Research in Biomolecular Interactions (CRBI), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sara Hashemi
- Analytical Sciences, Sanofi, Toronto, ON, M2R 3T4, Canada
- Seneca College, School of Health Sciences, King City, ON, L7B 1B3, Canada
| | - Gurnoor Brar
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Centre for Research in Biomolecular Interactions (CRBI), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jörg Grigull
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Siemon H S Ng
- Analytical Sciences, Sanofi, Toronto, ON, M2R 3T4, Canada
- Analytical Development, Notch Therapeutics, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Declan Williams
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Gerold Schmitt-Ulms
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - John C McDermott
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
- Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
- Centre for Research in Biomolecular Interactions (CRBI), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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15
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Cao Y, Zhang X, Akerberg BN, Yuan H, Sakamoto T, Xiao F, VanDusen NJ, Zhou P, Sweat ME, Wang Y, Prondzynski M, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang P, Kelly DP, Pu WT. In Vivo Dissection of Chamber-Selective Enhancers Reveals Estrogen-Related Receptor as a Regulator of Ventricular Cardiomyocyte Identity. Circulation 2023; 147:881-896. [PMID: 36705030 PMCID: PMC10010668 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.061955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac chamber-selective transcriptional programs underpin the structural and functional differences between atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes (aCMs and vCMs). The mechanisms responsible for these chamber-selective transcriptional programs remain largely undefined. METHODS We nominated candidate chamber-selective enhancers (CSEs) by determining the genome-wide occupancy of 7 key cardiac transcription factors (GATA4, MEF2A, MEF2C, NKX2-5, SRF, TBX5, TEAD1) and transcriptional coactivator P300 in atria and ventricles. Candidate enhancers were tested using an adeno-associated virus-mediated massively parallel reporter assay. Chromatin features of CSEs were evaluated by performing assay of transposase accessible chromatin sequencing and acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27-HiChIP on aCMs and vCMs. CSE sequence requirements were determined by systematic tiling mutagenesis of 29 CSEs at 5 bp resolution. Estrogen-related receptor (ERR) function in cardiomyocytes was evaluated by Cre-loxP-mediated inactivation of ERRα and ERRγ in cardiomyocytes. RESULTS We identified 134 066 and 97 506 regions reproducibly occupied by at least 1 transcription factor or P300, in atria or ventricles, respectively. Enhancer activities of 2639 regions bound by transcription factors or P300 were tested in aCMs and vCMs by adeno-associated virus-mediated massively parallel reporter assay. This identified 1092 active enhancers in aCMs or vCMs. Several overlapped loci associated with cardiovascular disease through genome-wide association studies, and 229 exhibited chamber-selective activity in aCMs or vCMs. Many CSEs exhibited differential chromatin accessibility between aCMs and vCMs, and CSEs were enriched for aCM- or vCM-selective acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27-anchored loops. Tiling mutagenesis of 29 CSEs identified the binding motif of ERRα/γ as important for ventricular enhancer activity. The requirement of ERRα/γ to activate ventricular CSEs and promote vCM identity was confirmed by loss of the vCM gene profile in ERRα/γ knockout vCMs. CONCLUSIONS We identified 229 CSEs that could be useful research tools or direct therapeutic gene expression. We showed that chamber-selective multi-transcription factor, P300 occupancy, open chromatin, and chromatin looping are predictive features of CSEs. We found that ERRα/γ are essential for maintenance of ventricular identity. Finally, our gene expression, epigenetic, 3-dimensional genome, and enhancer activity atlas provide key resources for future studies of chamber-selective gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangpo Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Brynn N Akerberg
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Haiyun Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.)
| | - Tomoya Sakamoto
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (T.S., D.P.K.)
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Nathan J VanDusen
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (N.J.V.)
| | - Pingzhu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Mason E Sweat
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Maksymilian Prondzynski
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Peizhe Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.)
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (T.S., D.P.K.)
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA (Y.C., X.Z., B.N.A., F.X., P.Z., M.E.S., Y.W., M.P., J.C., Y.Z., P.W., W.T.P.).,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (W.T.P.)
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16
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Bhattacharyya S, Kollipara RK, Orquera-Tornakian G, Goetsch S, Zhang M, Perry C, Li B, Shelton JM, Bhakta M, Duan J, Xie Y, Xiao G, Evers BM, Hon GC, Kittler R, Munshi NV. Global chromatin landscapes identify candidate noncoding modifiers of cardiac rhythm. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e153635. [PMID: 36454649 PMCID: PMC9888383 DOI: 10.1172/jci153635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive cis-regulatory landscapes are essential for accurate enhancer prediction and disease variant mapping. Although cis-regulatory element (CRE) resources exist for most tissues and organs, many rare - yet functionally important - cell types remain overlooked. Despite representing only a small fraction of the heart's cellular biomass, the cardiac conduction system (CCS) unfailingly coordinates every life-sustaining heartbeat. To globally profile the mouse CCS cis-regulatory landscape, we genetically tagged CCS component-specific nuclei for comprehensive assay for transposase-accessible chromatin-sequencing (ATAC-Seq) analysis. Thus, we established a global CCS-enriched CRE database, referred to as CCS-ATAC, as a key resource for studying CCS-wide and component-specific regulatory functions. Using transcription factor (TF) motifs to construct CCS component-specific gene regulatory networks (GRNs), we identified and independently confirmed several specific TF sub-networks. Highlighting the functional importance of CCS-ATAC, we also validated numerous CCS-enriched enhancer elements and suggested gene targets based on CCS single-cell RNA-Seq data. Furthermore, we leveraged CCS-ATAC to improve annotation of existing human variants related to cardiac rhythm and nominated a potential enhancer-target pair that was dysregulated by a specific SNP. Collectively, our results established a CCS-regulatory compendium, identified novel CCS enhancer elements, and illuminated potential functional associations between human genomic variants and CCS component-specific CREs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sean Goetsch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology
| | - Minzhe Zhang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences
| | - Cameron Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology
| | - Boxun Li
- Laboratory of Regulatory Genomics, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | | | - Minoti Bhakta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology
| | - Jialei Duan
- Laboratory of Regulatory Genomics, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Yang Xie
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences
- Department of Bioinformatics
| | - Guanghua Xiao
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences
- Department of Bioinformatics
| | - Bret M. Evers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology
| | - Gary C. Hon
- Laboratory of Regulatory Genomics, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Department of Bioinformatics
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and
| | - Ralf Kittler
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development
| | - Nikhil V. Munshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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17
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Zhang J, Ouyang Z, Xia L, Wang Q, Zheng F, Xu K, Xing Y, Wei K, Shi S, Li C, Yang J. Dynamic chromatin landscape encodes programs for perinatal transition of cardiomyocytes. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:11. [PMID: 36653336 PMCID: PMC9849264 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The perinatal period occurring immediately before and after birth is critical for cardiomyocytes because they must change rapidly to accommodate the switch from fetal to neonatal circulation after birth. This transition is a well-orchestrated process, and any perturbation leads to unhealthy cardiomyocytes and heart disease. Despite its importance, little is known about how this transition is regulated and controlled. Here, by mapping the genome-wide chromatin accessibility, transcription-centered long-range chromatin interactions and gene expression in cardiomyocytes undergoing perinatal transition, we discovered two key transcription factors, MEF2 and AP1, that are crucial for driving the phenotypic changes within the perinatal window. Thousands of dynamic regulatory elements were found in perinatal cardiomyocytes and we show these elements mediated the transcriptional reprogramming through an elegant chromatin high-order architecture. We recompiled transcriptional program of induced stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes according to our discovered network, and they showed adult cardiomyocyte-like electrophysiological expression. Our work provides a comprehensive regulatory resource of cardiomyocytes perinatal reprogramming, and aids the gap-filling of cardiac translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Zhaohui Ouyang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Limei Xia
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Qi Wang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Feng Zheng
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Kun Xu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yuexian Xing
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Ke Wei
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Shaolin Shi
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Chaojun Li
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and China International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, China
| | - Jingping Yang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
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18
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Tan B, Zeng J, Meng F, Wang S, Xiao L, Zhao X, Hong L, Zheng E, Wu Z, Li Z, Gu T. Comprehensive analysis of pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulated by m6A methylation in pig oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscles. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:804. [PMID: 36474138 PMCID: PMC9724443 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different types of skeletal myofibers exhibit distinct physiological and metabolic properties that are associated with meat quality traits in livestock. Alternative splicing (AS) of pre-mRNA can generate multiple transcripts from an individual gene by differential selection of splice sites. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant modification in mRNAs, but its regulation for AS in different muscles remains unknown. RESULTS: We characterized AS events and m6A methylation pattern in pig oxidative and glycolytic muscles. A tota1 of 1294 differential AS events were identified, and differentially spliced genes were significantly enriched in processes related to different phenotypes between oxidative and glycolytic muscles. We constructed the regulatory network between splicing factors and corresponding differential AS events and identified NOVA1 and KHDRBS2 as key splicing factors. AS event was enriched in m6A-modified genes, and the methylation level was positively correlated with the number of AS events in genes. The dynamic change in m6A enrichment was associated with 115 differentially skipping exon (SE-DAS) events within 92 genes involving in various processes, including muscle contraction and myofibril assembly. We obtained 23.4% SE-DAS events (27/115) regulated by METTL3-meditaed m6A and experimentally validated the aberrant splicing of ZNF280D, PHE4DIP, and NEB. The inhibition of m6A methyltransferase METTL3 could induce the conversion of oxidative fiber to glycolytic fiber in PSCs. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that m6A modification could contribute to significant difference in phenotypes between oxidative and glycolytic muscles by mediating the regulation of AS. These findings would provide novel insights into mechanisms underlying muscle fiber conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Tan
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiekang Zeng
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanming Meng
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 510640 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyao Xiao
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinming Zhao
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zicong Li
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Gu
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China ,grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
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19
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McChesney N, Barth JL, Rumschlag JA, Tan J, Harrington AJ, Noble KV, McClaskey CM, Elvis P, Vaena SG, Romeo MJ, Harris KC, Cowan CW, Lang H. Peripheral Auditory Nerve Impairment in a Mouse Model of Syndromic Autism. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8002-8018. [PMID: 36180228 PMCID: PMC9617620 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0253-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the peripheral auditory nerve (AN) contributes to dynamic changes throughout the central auditory system, resulting in abnormal auditory processing, including hypersensitivity. Altered sound sensitivity is frequently observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), suggesting that AN deficits and changes in auditory information processing may contribute to ASD-associated symptoms, including social communication deficits and hyperacusis. The MEF2C transcription factor is associated with risk for several neurodevelopmental disorders, and mutations or deletions of MEF2C produce a haploinsufficiency syndrome characterized by ASD, language, and cognitive deficits. A mouse model of this syndromic ASD (Mef2c-Het) recapitulates many of the MEF2C haploinsufficiency syndrome-linked behaviors, including communication deficits. We show here that Mef2c-Het mice of both sexes exhibit functional impairment of the peripheral AN and a modest reduction in hearing sensitivity. We find that MEF2C is expressed during development in multiple AN and cochlear cell types; and in Mef2c-Het mice, we observe multiple cellular and molecular alterations associated with the AN, including abnormal myelination, neuronal degeneration, neuronal mitochondria dysfunction, and increased macrophage activation and cochlear inflammation. These results reveal the importance of MEF2C function in inner ear development and function and the engagement of immune cells and other non-neuronal cells, which suggests that microglia/macrophages and other non-neuronal cells might contribute, directly or indirectly, to AN dysfunction and ASD-related phenotypes. Finally, our study establishes a comprehensive approach for characterizing AN function at the physiological, cellular, and molecular levels in mice, which can be applied to animal models with a wide range of human auditory processing impairments.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This is the first report of peripheral auditory nerve (AN) impairment in a mouse model of human MEF2C haploinsufficiency syndrome that has well-characterized ASD-related behaviors, including communication deficits, hyperactivity, repetitive behavior, and social deficits. We identify multiple underlying cellular, subcellular, and molecular abnormalities that may contribute to peripheral AN impairment. Our findings also highlight the important roles of immune cells (e.g., cochlear macrophages) and other non-neuronal elements (e.g., glial cells and cells in the stria vascularis) in auditory impairment in ASD. The methodological significance of the study is the establishment of a comprehensive approach for evaluating peripheral AN function and impact of peripheral AN deficits with minimal hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan McChesney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Jeremy L Barth
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Jeffrey A Rumschlag
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Junying Tan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Adam J Harrington
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Kenyaria V Noble
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Carolyn M McClaskey
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Phillip Elvis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Silvia G Vaena
- Hollings Cancer Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Martin J Romeo
- Hollings Cancer Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Kelly C Harris
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Christopher W Cowan
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Hainan Lang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
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20
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Bai Y, Wu J, Yang Z, Wang X, Zhang D, Ma J. Mitochondrial quality control in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury: new insights into mechanisms and implications. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 39:33-51. [PMID: 35951200 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The current effective method for the treatment of myocardial infarction is timely restoration of the blood supply to the ischemic area of the heart. Although reperfusion is essential for reestablishing oxygen and nutrient supplies, it often leads to additional myocardial damage, creating an important clinical dilemma. Reports from long-term studies have confirmed that mitochondrial damage is the critical mechanism in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondria are dynamic and possess a quality control system that targets mitochondrial quantity and quality by modifying mitochondrial fusion, fission, mitophagy, and biogenesis and protein homeostasis to maintain a healthy mitochondrial network. The system of mitochondrial quality control involves complex molecular machinery that is highly interconnected and associated with pathological changes such as oxidative stress, calcium overload, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Because of the critical role of the mitochondrial quality control systems, many reports have suggested that defects in this system are among the molecular mechanisms underlying myocardial reperfusion injury. In this review, we briefly summarize the important role of the mitochondrial quality control in cardiomyocyte function and focus on the current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and molecular pathways involved in mitochondrial quality control in cardiac I/R damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu'an Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongni Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Han Y, Du T, Guo S, Wang L, Dai G, Long T, Xu T, Zhuang X, Liu C, Li S, Zhang D, Liao X, Dong Y, Lui KO, Tan X, Lin S, Chen Y, Huang ZP. Loss of m6A Methyltransferase METTL5 Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy Through Epitranscriptomic Control of SUZ12 Expression. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:852775. [PMID: 35295259 PMCID: PMC8920042 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.852775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancement of protein synthesis from mRNA translation is one of the key steps supporting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy during cardiac remodeling. The methyltransferase-like5 (METTL5), which catalyzes m6A modification of 18S rRNA at position A1832, has been shown to regulate the efficiency of mRNA translation during the differentiation of ES cells and the growth of cancer cells. It remains unknown whether and how METTL5 regulates cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, we have generated a mouse model, METTL5-cKO, with cardiac-specific depletion of METTL5 in vivo. Loss function of METTL5 promotes pressure overload-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and adverse remodeling. The regulatory function of METTL5 in hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes was further confirmed with both gain- and loss-of-function approaches in primary cardiomyocytes. Mechanically, METTL5 can modulate the mRNA translation of SUZ12, a core component of PRC2 complex, and further regulate the transcriptomic shift during cardiac hypertrophy. Altogether, our study may uncover an important translational regulator of cardiac hypertrophy through m6A modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchuang Han
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tailai Du
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Dai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxin Long
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxue Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kathy O. Lui
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xu Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuibin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yili Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Yili Chen
| | - Zhan-Peng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhan-Peng Huang
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22
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Cornwell JD, McDermott JC. MEF2 in cardiac hypertrophy in response to hypertension. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2022; 33:204-212. [PMID: 35026393 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a globally prevalent pathological condition and an underlying risk factor for the development of cardiac hypertrophy leading to heart failure. Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (Mef2) has been identified as one of the primary effectors of morphological changes in the hypertensive heart, as part of a complex network of molecular signaling controlling cardiac gene expression. Experimental chronic pressure-overload models that mimic hypertension in the mammalian heart lead to the activation of various pathological mechanisms that result in structural changes leading to debilitating cardiac hypertrophy and ultimately heart failure. The purpose here is to survey the literature implicating Mef2 in hypertension induced cardiac hypertrophy, towards illuminating points of interest for understanding and potentially treating heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Cornwell
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - John C McDermott
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; Centre for Research in Biomolecular Interactions (CRBI), York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
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23
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Liu B, Ou WC, Fang L, Tian CW, Xiong Y. Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2A Plays a Central Role in the Regulatory Networks of Cellular Physiopathology. Aging Dis 2022; 14:331-349. [PMID: 37008050 PMCID: PMC10017154 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell regulatory networks are the determinants of cellular homeostasis. Any alteration to these networks results in the disturbance of cellular homeostasis and induces cells towards different fates. Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) is one of four members of the MEF2 family of transcription factors (MEF2A-D). MEF2A is highly expressed in all tissues and is involved in many cell regulatory networks including growth, differentiation, survival and death. It is also necessary for heart development, myogenesis, neuronal development and differentiation. In addition, many other important functions of MEF2A have been reported. Recent studies have shown that MEF2A can regulate different, and sometimes even mutually exclusive cellular events. How MEF2A regulates opposing cellular life processes is an interesting topic and worthy of further exploration. Here, we reviewed almost all MEF2A research papers published in English and summarized them into three main sections: 1) the association of genetic variants in MEF2A with cardiovascular disease, 2) the physiopathological functions of MEF2A, and 3) the regulation of MEF2A activity and its regulatory targets. In summary, multiple regulatory patterns for MEF2A activity and a variety of co-factors cause its transcriptional activity to switch to different target genes, thereby regulating opposing cell life processes. The association of MEF2A with numerous signaling molecules establishes a central role for MEF2A in the regulatory network of cellular physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benrong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Benrong Liu, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China. E-mail: ; or Yujuan Xiong, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China. .
| | - Wen-Chao Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chao-Wei Tian
- General Practice, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yujuan Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Benrong Liu, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China. E-mail: ; or Yujuan Xiong, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China. .
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24
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Lodrini AM, Goumans MJ. Cardiomyocytes Cellular Phenotypes After Myocardial Infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:750510. [PMID: 34820429 PMCID: PMC8606669 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.750510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing success of interventional coronary reperfusion strategies, mortality related to acute myocardial infarction (MI) is still substantial. MI is defined as sudden death of myocardial tissue caused by an ischemic episode. Ischaemia leads to adverse remodelling in the affected myocardium, inducing metabolic and ionic perturbations at a single cell level, ultimately leading to cell death. The adult mammalian heart has limited regenerative capacity to replace lost cells. Identifying and enhancing physiological cardioprotective processes may be a promising therapy for patients with MI. Studies report an increasing amount of evidence stating the intricacy of the pathophysiology of the infarcted heart. Besides apoptosis, other cellular phenotypes have emerged as key players in the ischemic myocardium, in particular senescence, inflammation, and dedifferentiation. Furthermore, some cardiomyocytes in the infarct border zone uncouple from the surviving myocardium and dedifferentiate, while other cells become senescent in response to injury and start to produce a pro-inflammatory secretome. Enhancing electric coupling between cardiomyocytes in the border zone, eliminating senescent cells with senolytic compounds, and upregulating cardioprotective cellular processes like autophagy, may increase the number of functional cardiomyocytes and therefore enhance cardiac contractility. This review describes the different cellular phenotypes and pathways implicated in injury, remodelling, and regeneration of the myocardium after MI. Moreover, we discuss implications of the complex pathophysiological attributes of the infarcted heart in designing new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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25
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Transcription factor MEF2D is required for the maintenance of MLL-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Adv 2021; 5:4727-4740. [PMID: 34597364 PMCID: PMC8759131 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021004469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MEF2D is highly expressed in MLL-rearranged AML and required for leukemia development in vitro and in vivo. MEF2D suppresses CEBPE-mediated myeloid differentiation in AML.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with MLL-rearrangement (MLL-r) comprises ∼10% of all AML cases and portends poor outcomes. Much remains uncovered on how MLL-r AML drives leukemia development while preventing cells from normal myeloid differentiation. Here, we identified that transcription factor MEF2D is a super-enhancer-associated, highly expressed gene in MLL-r AML. Knockout of MEF2D profoundly impaired leukemia growth, induced myeloid differentiation, and delayed oncogenic progression in vivo. Mechanistically, MEF2D loss led to robust activation of a CEBPE-centered myeloid differentiation program in AML cells. Chromatin profiling revealed that MEF2D binds to and suppresses the chromatin accessibility of CEBPE cis-regulatory regions. In human acute leukemia samples, MEF2D expression showed a strong negative correlation with the expression of CEBPE. Depletion of CEBPE partially rescued the cell growth defect and myeloid cell differentiation induced by the loss of MEF2D. Lastly, we show that MEF2D is positively regulated by HOXA9, and downregulation of MEF2D is an important mechanism for DOT1L inhibitor-induced antileukemia effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that MEF2D plays a critical role in human MLL-r AML and uncover the MEF2D-CEBPE axis as a crucial transcriptional mechanism regulating leukemia cell self-renewal and differentiation block.
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Lemay SE, Awada C, Shimauchi T, Wu WH, Bonnet S, Provencher S, Boucherat O. Fetal Gene Reactivation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: GOOD, BAD, or BOTH? Cells 2021; 10:1473. [PMID: 34208388 PMCID: PMC8231250 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a debilitating chronic disorder marked by the progressive obliteration of the pre-capillary arterioles. This imposes a pressure overload on the right ventricle (RV) pushing the latter to undergo structural and mechanical adaptations that inexorably culminate in RV failure and death. Thanks to the advances in molecular biology, it has been proposed that some aspects of the RV and pulmonary vascular remodeling processes are orchestrated by a subversion of developmental regulatory mechanisms with an upregulation of a suite of genes responsible for the embryo's early growth and normally repressed in adults. In this review, we present relevant background regarding the close relationship between overactivation of fetal genes and cardiopulmonary remodeling, exploring whether the reawakening of developmental factors plays a causative role or constitutes a protective mechanism in the setting of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Eve Lemay
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.-E.L.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (W.-H.W.); (S.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Charifa Awada
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.-E.L.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (W.-H.W.); (S.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Tsukasa Shimauchi
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.-E.L.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (W.-H.W.); (S.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Wen-Hui Wu
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.-E.L.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (W.-H.W.); (S.B.); (S.P.)
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.-E.L.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (W.-H.W.); (S.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.-E.L.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (W.-H.W.); (S.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Olivier Boucherat
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.-E.L.); (C.A.); (T.S.); (W.-H.W.); (S.B.); (S.P.)
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Quiles JM, Pepin ME, Sunny S, Shelar SB, Challa AK, Dalley B, Hoidal JR, Pogwizd SM, Wende AR, Rajasekaran NS. Identification of Nrf2-responsive microRNA networks as putative mediators of myocardial reductive stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11977. [PMID: 34099738 PMCID: PMC8184797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent advances in the treatment of acute coronary heart disease have reduced mortality rates, few therapeutic strategies exist to mitigate the progressive loss of cardiac function that manifests as heart failure. Nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nfe2l2, Nrf2) is a transcriptional regulator that is known to confer transient myocardial cytoprotection following acute ischemic insult; however, its sustained activation paradoxically causes a reductive environment characterized by excessive antioxidant activity. We previously identified a subset of 16 microRNAs (miRNA) significantly diminished in Nrf2-ablated (Nrf2-/-) mouse hearts, leading to the hypothesis that increasing levels of Nrf2 activation augments miRNA induction and post-transcriptional dysregulation. Here, we report the identification of distinct miRNA signatures (i.e. "reductomiRs") associated with Nrf2 overexpression in a cardiac-specific and constitutively active Nrf2 transgenic (caNrf2-Tg) mice expressing low (TgL) and high (TgH) levels. We also found several Nrf2 dose-responsive miRNAs harboring proximal antioxidant response elements (AREs), implicating these "reductomiRs" as putative meditators of Nrf2-dependent post-transcriptional regulation. Analysis of mRNA-sequencing identified a complex network of miRNAs and effector mRNAs encoding known pathological hallmarks of cardiac stress-response. Altogether, these data support Nrf2 as a putative regulator of cardiac miRNA expression and provide novel candidates for future mechanistic investigation to understand the relationship between myocardial reductive stress and cardiac pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Quiles
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mark E Pepin
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sini Sunny
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sandeep B Shelar
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anil K Challa
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Brian Dalley
- Huntsman Cancer Center-Genomic Core Facility, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John R Hoidal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Steven M Pogwizd
- Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Adam R Wende
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Namakkal S Rajasekaran
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, BMR2 Room 533, 901 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2180, USA.
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Pettinato AM, Yoo D, VanOudenhove J, Chen YS, Cohn R, Ladha FA, Yang X, Thakar K, Romano R, Legere N, Meredith E, Robson P, Regnier M, Cotney JL, Murry CE, Hinson JT. Sarcomere function activates a p53-dependent DNA damage response that promotes polyploidization and limits in vivo cell engraftment. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109088. [PMID: 33951429 PMCID: PMC8161465 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cardiac regeneration is limited by low cardiomyocyte replicative rates and progressive polyploidization by unclear mechanisms. To study this process, we engineer a human cardiomyocyte model to track replication and polyploidization using fluorescently tagged cyclin B1 and cardiac troponin T. Using time-lapse imaging, in vitro cardiomyocyte replication patterns recapitulate the progressive mononuclear polyploidization and replicative arrest observed in vivo. Single-cell transcriptomics and chromatin state analyses reveal that polyploidization is preceded by sarcomere assembly, enhanced oxidative metabolism, a DNA damage response, and p53 activation. CRISPR knockout screening reveals p53 as a driver of cell-cycle arrest and polyploidization. Inhibiting sarcomere function, or scavenging ROS, inhibits cell-cycle arrest and polyploidization. Finally, we show that cardiomyocyte engraftment in infarcted rat hearts is enhanced 4-fold by the increased proliferation of troponin-knockout cardiomyocytes. Thus, the sarcomere inhibits cell division through a DNA damage response that can be targeted to improve cardiomyocyte replacement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Pettinato
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Dasom Yoo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Rachel Cohn
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Feria A Ladha
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Xiulan Yang
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ketan Thakar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Robert Romano
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Nicolas Legere
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Emily Meredith
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Paul Robson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Michael Regnier
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Justin L Cotney
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Charles E Murry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - J Travis Hinson
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
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Chaudhary R, Agarwal V, Kaushik AS, Rehman M. Involvement of myocyte enhancer factor 2c in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06854. [PMID: 33981903 PMCID: PMC8082549 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), a family of transcription factor of MADS (minichromosome maintenance 1, agamous, deficiens and serum response factor)-box family needed in the growth and differentiation of a variety of human cells, such as neural, immune, endothelial, and muscles. As per existing literature, MEF2 transcription factors have also been associated with synaptic plasticity, the developmental mechanisms governing memory and learning, and several neurologic conditions, like autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Recent genomic findings have ascertained a link between MEF2 defects, particularly in the MEF2C isoform and the ASD. In this review, we summarized a concise overview of the general regulation, structure and functional roles of the MEF2C transcription factor. We further outlined the potential role of MEF2C as a risk factor for various neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ASD, MEF2C Haploinsufficiency Syndrome and Fragile X syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Arjun Singh Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mujeeba Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
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30
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Loss of Mef2D function enhances TLR induced IL-10 production in macrophages. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225925. [PMID: 32725155 PMCID: PMC7442974 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mef2 transcription factors comprise a family of four different isoforms that regulate a number of processes including neuronal and muscle development. While roles for Mef2C and Mef2D have been described in B-cell development their role in immunity has not been extensively studied. In innate immune cells such as macrophages, TLRs drive the production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. IL-10 is an important anti-inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and it establishes an autocrine feedback loop to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine production. We show here that macrophages from Mef2D knockout mice have elevated levels of IL-10 mRNA induction compared with wild-type cells following LPS stimulation. The secretion of IL-10 was also higher from Mef2D knockout macrophages and this correlated to a reduction in the secretion of TNF, IL-6 and IL-12p40. The use of an IL-10 neutralising antibody showed that this reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the Mef2D knockouts was IL-10 dependent. As the IL-10 promoter has previously been reported to contain a potential binding site for Mef2D, it is possible that the binding of other Mef2 isoforms in the absence of Mef2D may result in a higher activation of the IL-10 gene. Further studies with compound Mef2 isoforms would be required to address this. We also show that Mef2D is highly expressed in the thymus, but that loss of Mef2D does not affect thymic T-cell development or the production of IFNγ from CD8 T cells.
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31
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Transcriptional Regulation of Postnatal Cardiomyocyte Maturation and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063288. [PMID: 33807107 PMCID: PMC8004589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the postnatal period, mammalian cardiomyocytes undergo numerous maturational changes associated with increased cardiac function and output, including hypertrophic growth, cell cycle exit, sarcomeric protein isoform switching, and mitochondrial maturation. These changes come at the expense of loss of regenerative capacity of the heart, contributing to heart failure after cardiac injury in adults. While most studies focus on the transcriptional regulation of embryonic or adult cardiomyocytes, the transcriptional changes that occur during the postnatal period are relatively unknown. In this review, we focus on the transcriptional regulators responsible for these aspects of cardiomyocyte maturation during the postnatal period in mammals. By specifically highlighting this transitional period, we draw attention to critical processes in cardiomyocyte maturation with potential therapeutic implications in cardiovascular disease.
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32
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AKT2 regulates development and metabolic homeostasis via AMPK-depedent pathway in skeletal muscle. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2381-2398. [PMID: 32880392 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is responsible for the majority of glucose disposal in the body. Insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle accounts for 85-90% of the impairment of total glucose disposal in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the mechanism remains controversial. The present study aims to investigate whether AKT2 deficiency causes deficits in skeletal muscle development and metabolism, we analyzed the expression of molecules related to skeletal muscle development, glucose uptake and metabolism in mice of 3- and 8-months old. We found that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) A (MEF2A) expression were down-regulated in AKT2 knockout (KO) mice, which can be inverted by AMPK activation. We also observed reduced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abundance and reduced expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscle of AKT2 KO mice, which was prevented by AMPK activation. Moreover, AKT2 KO mice exhibited impaired AMPK signaling in response to insulin stimulation compared with WT mice. Our study establishes a new and important function of AKT2 in regulating skeletal muscle development and glucose metabolism via AMPK-dependent signaling.
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33
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Bass JJ, Kazi AA, Deane CS, Nakhuda A, Ashcroft SP, Brook MS, Wilkinson DJ, Phillips BE, Philp A, Tarum J, Kadi F, Andersen D, Garcia AM, Smith K, Gallagher IJ, Szewczyk NJ, Cleasby ME, Atherton PJ. The mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy in response to transient knockdown of the vitamin D receptor in vivo. J Physiol 2021; 599:963-979. [PMID: 33258480 PMCID: PMC7986223 DOI: 10.1113/jp280652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Reduced vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression prompts skeletal muscle atrophy. Atrophy occurs through catabolic processes, namely the induction of autophagy, while anabolism remains unchanged. In response to VDR-knockdown mitochondrial function and related gene-set expression is impaired. In vitro VDR knockdown induces myogenic dysregulation occurring through impaired differentiation. These results highlight the autonomous role the VDR has within skeletal muscle mass regulation. ABSTRACT Vitamin D deficiency is estimated to affect ∼40% of the world's population and has been associated with impaired muscle maintenance. Vitamin D exerts its actions through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), the expression of which was recently confirmed in skeletal muscle, and its down-regulation is linked to reduced muscle mass and functional decline. To identify potential mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy, we studied the impact of VDR knockdown (KD) on mature skeletal muscle in vivo, and myogenic regulation in vitro in C2C12 cells. Male Wistar rats underwent in vivo electrotransfer (IVE) to knock down the VDR in hind-limb tibialis anterior (TA) muscle for 10 days. Comprehensive metabolic and physiological analysis was undertaken to define the influence loss of the VDR on muscle fibre composition, protein synthesis, anabolic and catabolic signalling, mitochondrial phenotype and gene expression. Finally, in vitro lentiviral transfection was used to induce sustained VDR-KD in C2C12 cells to analyse myogenic regulation. Muscle VDR-KD elicited atrophy through a reduction in total protein content, resulting in lower myofibre area. Activation of autophagic processes was observed, with no effect upon muscle protein synthesis or anabolic signalling. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis identified systematic down-regulation of multiple mitochondrial respiration-related protein and genesets. Finally, in vitro VDR-knockdown impaired myogenesis (cell cycling, differentiation and myotube formation). Together, these data indicate a fundamental regulatory role of the VDR in the regulation of myogenesis and muscle mass, whereby it acts to maintain muscle mitochondrial function and limit autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Bass
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Abid A. Kazi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA
| | - Colleen S. Deane
- Department of Sport and Health SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
- Living Systems InstituteUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Asif Nakhuda
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Stephen P. Ashcroft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Matthew S. Brook
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Daniel J. Wilkinson
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Bethan E. Phillips
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Andrew Philp
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Mitochondrial Metabolism & Ageing Laboratory, Diabetes and Metabolism DivisionGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchNew South WalesAustralia
- St Vincent's Medical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSWSydneyAustralia
| | - Janelle Tarum
- School of Health SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Fawzi Kadi
- School of Health SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Ditte Andersen
- Molecular Physiology of Diabetes LaboratoryDepartment of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
| | - Amadeo Muñoz Garcia
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchThe University of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Department of Bioinformatics – BiGCaTNUTRIM School of Nutrition and Metabolism in Translational ResearchMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Ken Smith
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Iain J. Gallagher
- Physiology, Exercise and Nutrition Research GroupFaculty of Health Sciences and SportUniversity of StirlingStirlingUK
| | - Nathaniel J. Szewczyk
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Mark E. Cleasby
- Molecular Physiology of Diabetes LaboratoryDepartment of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Jiang SL, Fang DA, Xu DP. Transcriptome changes of Takifugu obscurus liver after acute exposure to phenanthrene. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:116-124. [PMID: 33459152 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00100.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenanthrene (Phe) is a model compound in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) research. Reportedly, Phe treatment induced oxidative stress and histological disorders to Takifugu obscurus liver. In this study, to further explore the molecular responses of T. obscurus liver to Phe exposure, transcriptome sequencing was applied to compare mRNA transcription profiles between Phe treatment and the control. Compared with the control, 1,581 and 1,428 genes were significantly upregulated and downregulated in Phe treatment, respectively. Further analysis revealed that Phe treatment mainly upregulated genes in Ras-MAPK and PI3K-akt signaling pathways, which represented insulin resistance and further activated the FOXO signaling pathway. The triacylglycerol biosynthesis was promoted but the gluconeogenesis process was inhibited in response to Phe treatment, demonstrating that Phe exposure disturbed the sugar and lipid metabolism. Moreover, Phe treatment upregulated the Apelin-APJ and ErbB signaling pathways, promoting angiogenesis in T. obscurus liver. Insulin resistance, promoted triacylglycerol biosynthesis, and angiogenesis might explain the molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenic toxicity of Phe. Overall, this study provides new insights to understand the environmental risk of Phe to fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Lun Jiang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Di-An Fang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Dong-Po Xu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
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35
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Qiao Q, Zhao CM, Yang CX, Gu JN, Guo YH, Zhang M, Li RG, Qiu XB, Xu YJ, Yang YQ. Detection and functional characterization of a novel MEF2A variation responsible for familial dilated cardiomyopathy. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 59:955-963. [PMID: 33554560 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) represents the most frequent form of cardiomyopathy, leading to heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias and death. Accumulating evidence convincingly demonstrates the crucial role of genetic defects in the pathogenesis of DCM, and over 100 culprit genes have been implicated with DCM. However, DCM is of substantial genetic heterogeneity, and the genetic determinants underpinning DCM remain largely elusive. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatical analyses were implemented in a consanguineous Chinese family with DCM. A total of 380 clinically annotated control individuals and 166 more DCM index cases then underwent Sanger sequencing analysis for the identified genetic variation. The functional characteristics of the variant were delineated by utilizing a dual-luciferase assay system. RESULTS A heterozygous variation in the MEF2A gene (encoding myocyte enhancer factor 2A, a transcription factor pivotal for embryonic cardiogenesis and postnatal cardiac adaptation), NM_001365204.1: c.718G>T; p. (Gly240*), was identified, and verified by Sanger sequencing to segregate with autosome-dominant DCM in the family with complete penetrance. The nonsense variation was neither detected in 760 control chromosomes nor found in 166 more DCM probands. Functional analyses revealed that the variant lost transactivation on the validated target genes MYH6 and FHL2, both causally linked to DCM. Furthermore, the variation nullified the synergistic activation between MEF2A and GATA4, another key transcription factor involved in DCM. CONCLUSIONS The findings firstly indicate that MEF2A loss-of-function variation predisposes to DCM in humans, providing novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of DCM and suggesting potential implications for genetic testing and prognostic evaluation of DCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cui-Mei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ning Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Han Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ruo-Gu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Biao Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Center Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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36
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Martens MD, Field JT, Seshadri N, Day C, Chapman D, Keijzer R, Doucette CA, Hatch GM, West AR, Ivanco TL, Gordon JW. Misoprostol attenuates neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation through Bnip3, perinuclear calcium signaling, and inhibition of glycolysis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 146:19-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Myocyte enhancer factor 2A delays vascular endothelial cell senescence by activating the PI3K/p-Akt/SIRT1 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3768-3784. [PMID: 31182679 PMCID: PMC6594820 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence of senile diseases such as cardiocerebrovascular diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Here, we studied the effects of MEF2A on the senescent phenotype of vascular endothelial cells (VEC) and downstream signaling pathway, and the association between plasma MEF2A levels and coronary artery disease (CAD). Results showed that MEF2A silencing promoted cell senescence and down-regulated PI3K/p-AKT/Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression. MEF2A overexpression delayed cell senescence and up-regulated PI3K/p-AKT/SIRT1. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment induced cellular senescence and down-regulated the expression of MEF2A and PI3K/p-AKT/SIRT1. MEF2A overexpression inhibited cellular senescence and the down-regulation of PI3K/p-AKT/SIRT1 induced by H2O2. Further study revealed that MEF2A directly up-regulated the expression of PIK3CA and PIK3CG through MEF2 binding sites in the promoter region. Pearson correlation and logistic regression analysis showed that the plasma level of MEF2A was negatively correlated with CAD, and with age in the controls. These results suggested that MEF2A can directly up-regulate PI3K gene expression, and one of the molecular mechanisms of delaying effect of MEF2A on VEC cell senescence was SIRT1-expression activation through the PI3K/p-Akt pathway. Moreover, the plasma MEF2A levels may be a potential biomarker for CAD risk prediction.
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38
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You G, Zu B, Wang B, Fu Q, Li F. Identification of miRNA-mRNA-TFs Regulatory Network and Crucial Pathways Involved in Tetralogy of Fallot. Front Genet 2020; 11:552. [PMID: 32595699 PMCID: PMC7303929 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. However, its pathogenesis remains unknown. To explore key regulatory connections and crucial pathways underlying the TOF, gene or microRNA expression profile datasets of human TOF were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and microRNAs (DEmiRs) between TOF and healthy groups were identified after data preprocessing, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Then, we further constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and subnetwork of modules. Ultimately, to investigate the regulatory network underlying TOF, a global triple network including miRNAs, mRNAs, and transcription factors (TFs) was constructed based on the integrated data. In the present study, a total of 529 DEmRNAs, including 115 downregulated and 414 upregulated DEmRNAs, and 7 significantly upregulated DemiRs, including miR-499, miR-23b, miR-222, miR-1275, miR-93, miR-155, and miR-187, were found between TOF and control groups. Furthermore, 22 hub genes ranked by top 5% genes with high connectivity and six TFs, including SRF, CNOT4, SIX6, SRRM3, NELFA, and ONECUT3, were identified and might play crucial roles in the molecular pathogenesis of TOF. Additionally, an miRNA-mRNA-TF co-regulatory network was established and indicated ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, energy metabolism associated pathways, neurodevelopmental disorder associated pathways, and ribosomes might be involved in the pathogenesis of TOF. The current research provides a comprehensive perspective of regulatory mechanism networks underlying TOF and also identifies potential molecule targets of genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bailing Zu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihua Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2A (MEF2A) Defines Oxytocin-Induced Morphological Effects and Regulates Mitochondrial Function in Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062200. [PMID: 32209973 PMCID: PMC7139413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) is a well-described modulator of socio-emotional traits, such as anxiety, stress, social behavior, and pair bonding. However, when dysregulated, it is associated with adverse psychiatric traits, such as various aspects of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we identify the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) as the common link between OT and cellular changes symptomatic for ASD, encompassing neuronal morphology, connectivity, and mitochondrial function. We provide evidence for MEF2A as the decisive factor defining the cellular response to OT: while OT induces neurite retraction in MEF2A expressing neurons, OT causes neurite outgrowth in absence of MEF2A. A CRISPR-Cas-mediated knockout of MEF2A and retransfection of an active version or permanently inactive mutant, respectively, validated our findings. We also identified the phosphatase calcineurin as the main upstream regulator of OT-induced MEF2A signaling. Further, MEF2A signaling dampens mitochondrial functioning in neurons, as MEF2A knockout cells show increased maximal cellular respiration, spare respiratory capacity, and total cellular ATP. In summary, we reveal a central role for OT-induced MEF2A activity as major regulator of cellular morphology as well as neuronal connectivity and mitochondrial functioning, with broad implications for a potential treatment of disorders based on morphological alterations or mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Wan X, Belanger K, Widen SG, Kuyumcu-Martinez MN, Garg NJ. Genes of the cGMP-PKG-Ca 2+ signaling pathway are alternatively spliced in cardiomyopathy: Role of RBFOX2. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165620. [PMID: 31778749 PMCID: PMC6954967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aberrations in the cGMP-PKG-Ca2+ pathway are implicated in cardiovascular complications of diverse etiologies, though involved molecular mechanisms are not understood. We performed RNA-Seq analysis to profile global changes in gene expression and exon splicing in Chagas disease (ChD) murine myocardium. Ingenuity-Pathway-Analysis of transcriptome dataset identified 26 differentially expressed genes associated with increased mobilization and cellular levels of Ca2+ in ChD hearts. Mixture-of-isoforms and Enrichr KEGG pathway analyses of the RNA-Seq datasets from ChD (this study) and diabetic (previous study) murine hearts identified alternative splicing (AS) in eleven genes (Arhgef10, Atp2b1, Atp2a3, Cacna1c, Itpr1, Mef2a, Mef2d, Pde2a, Plcb1, Plcb4, and Ppp1r12a) of the cGMP-PKG-Ca2+ pathway in diseased hearts. AS of these genes was validated by an exon exclusion-inclusion assay. Further, Arhgef10, Atp2b1, Mef2a, Mef2d, Plcb1, and Ppp1r12a genes consisted RBFOX2 (RNA-binding protein) binding-site clusters, determined by analyzing the RBFOX2 CLIP-Seq dataset. H9c2 rat heart cells transfected with Rbfox2 (vs. scrambled) siRNA confirmed that expression of Rbfox2 is essential for proper exon splicing of genes of the cGMP-PKG-Ca2+ pathway. We conclude that changes in gene expression may influence the Ca2+ mobilization pathway in ChD, and AS impacts the genes involved in cGMP/PKG/Ca2+ signaling pathway in ChD and diabetes. Our findings suggest that ChD patients with diabetes may be at increased risk of cardiomyopathy and heart failure and provide novel ways to restore cGMP-PKG regulated signaling networks via correcting splicing patterns of key factors using oligonucleotide-based therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiu Wan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555-1070, TX, United States of America
| | - KarryAnne Belanger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555, TX, United States of America
| | - Steven G Widen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555, TX, United States of America
| | - Muge N Kuyumcu-Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555, TX, United States of America.
| | - Nisha J Garg
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555-1070, TX, United States of America; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555, TX, United States of America.
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41
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Bargelloni L, Babbucci M, Ferraresso S, Papetti C, Vitulo N, Carraro R, Pauletto M, Santovito G, Lucassen M, Mark FC, Zane L, Patarnello T. Draft genome assembly and transcriptome data of the icefish Chionodraco myersi reveal the key role of mitochondria for a life without hemoglobin at subzero temperatures. Commun Biol 2019; 2:443. [PMID: 31815198 PMCID: PMC6884616 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0685-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Antarctic fish belonging to Notothenioidei represent an extraordinary example of radiation in the cold. In addition to the absence of hemoglobin, icefish show a number of other striking peculiarities including large-diameter blood vessels, high vascular densities, mitochondria-rich muscle cells, and unusual mitochondrial architecture. In order to investigate the bases of icefish adaptation to the extreme Southern Ocean conditions we sequenced the complete genome of the icefish Chionodraco myersi. Comparative analyses of the icefish genome with those of other teleost species, including two additional white-blooded and five red-blooded notothenioids, provided a new perspective on the evolutionary loss of globin genes. Muscle transcriptome comparative analyses against red-blooded notothenioids as well as temperate fish revealed the peculiar regulation of genes involved in mitochondrial function in icefish. Gene duplication and promoter sequence divergence were identified as genome-wide patterns that likely contributed to the broad transcriptional program underlying the unique features of icefish mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture, and Forestry, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Babbucci
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Serena Ferraresso
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Papetti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Carraro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Santovito
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Magnus Lucassen
- Section of Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz. Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, Bremerhaven, 27570 Germany
| | - Felix Christopher Mark
- Section of Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz. Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, Bremerhaven, 27570 Germany
| | - Lorenzo Zane
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture, and Forestry, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
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Xue C, Liu X, Wen B, Yang R, Gao S, Tao J, Zhou J. Zebrafish Vestigial Like Family Member 4b Is Required for Valvulogenesis Through Sequestration of Transcription Factor Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2c. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:277. [PMID: 31799250 PMCID: PMC6874126 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of cardiac transcription factors/cofactors, signaling pathways, and downstream structural genes integrate to form the regulatory hierarchies to ensure proper cardiogenesis in vertebrate. Major interaction proteins of the transcription cofactor vestigial like family member 4 (VGLL4) include myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) and TEA domain transcription factors (TEAD), both of which play important roles in embryonic cardiac development and in adulthood. In this study, we identified that the deficiency of zebrafish vgll4b paralog, a unique family member expressed in developing heart, led to an impaired valve development. Mechanistically, in vgll4b mutant embryos the disruption of Vgll4b-Mef2c complex, rather than that of Vgll4b-Tead complex, resulted in an aberrant expression of krüppel-like factor 2a (klf2a) in endocardium. Such misexpression of klf2a eventually evoked the valvulogenesis defects. Our findings suggest that zebrafish Vgll4b plays an important role in modulating the transcription activity of Mef2c on klf2a during valve development in a blood-flow-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xue
- CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wen
- CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruimeng Yang
- CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Gao
- CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Tao
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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43
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Akerberg BN, Gu F, VanDusen NJ, Zhang X, Dong R, Li K, Zhang B, Zhou B, Sethi I, Ma Q, Wasson L, Wen T, Liu J, Dong K, Conlon FL, Zhou J, Yuan GC, Zhou P, Pu WT. A reference map of murine cardiac transcription factor chromatin occupancy identifies dynamic and conserved enhancers. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4907. [PMID: 31659164 PMCID: PMC6817842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mapping the chromatin occupancy of transcription factors (TFs) is a key step in deciphering developmental transcriptional programs. Here we use biotinylated knockin alleles of seven key cardiac TFs (GATA4, NKX2-5, MEF2A, MEF2C, SRF, TBX5, TEAD1) to sensitively and reproducibly map their genome-wide occupancy in the fetal and adult mouse heart. These maps show that TF occupancy is dynamic between developmental stages and that multiple TFs often collaboratively occupy the same chromatin region through indirect cooperativity. Multi-TF regions exhibit features of functional regulatory elements, including evolutionary conservation, chromatin accessibility, and activity in transcriptional enhancer assays. H3K27ac, a feature of many enhancers, incompletely overlaps multi-TF regions, and multi-TF regions lacking H3K27ac retain conservation and enhancer activity. TEAD1 is a core component of the cardiac transcriptional network, co-occupying cardiac regulatory regions and controlling cardiomyocyte-specific gene functions. Our study provides a resource for deciphering the cardiac transcriptional regulatory network and gaining insights into the molecular mechanisms governing heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brynn N. Akerberg
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Fei Gu
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.481558.5Alibaba Cloud Intelligence Business Group, Alibaba Group, 311121 Hangzhou, China
| | - Nathan J. VanDusen
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Rui Dong
- 0000 0001 2106 9910grid.65499.37Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Kai Li
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cXin Hua Hospital, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- 0000 0004 0467 2285grid.419092.7Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Isha Sethi
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Qing Ma
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Lauren Wasson
- 0000000122483208grid.10698.36Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Tong Wen
- 0000 0004 1758 4073grid.412604.5Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- 0000 0004 1758 4073grid.412604.5Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- 0000 0001 2284 9329grid.410427.4Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1459 Laney Walker Boulevard, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Frank L. Conlon
- 0000000122483208grid.10698.36Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- 0000 0001 2284 9329grid.410427.4Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1459 Laney Walker Boulevard, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- 0000 0001 2106 9910grid.65499.37Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 USA ,000000041936754Xgrid.38142.3cDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Pingzhu Zhou
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - William T. Pu
- 0000 0004 0378 8438grid.2515.3Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,000000041936754Xgrid.38142.3cHarvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
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van Duijvenboden K, de Bakker DEM, Man JCK, Janssen R, Günthel M, Hill MC, Hooijkaas IB, van der Made I, van der Kraak PH, Vink A, Creemers EE, Martin JF, Barnett P, Bakkers J, Christoffels VM. Conserved NPPB+ Border Zone Switches From MEF2- to AP-1-Driven Gene Program. Circulation 2019; 140:864-879. [PMID: 31259610 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.038944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surviving cells in the postinfarction border zone are subjected to intense fluctuations of their microenvironment. Recently, border zone cardiomyocytes have been specifically implicated in cardiac regeneration. Here, we defined their unique transcriptional and regulatory properties, and comprehensively validated new molecular markers, including Nppb, encoding B-type natriuretic peptide, after infarction. METHODS Transgenic reporter mice were used to identify the Nppb-positive border zone after myocardial infarction. Transcriptome analysis of remote, border, and infarct zones and of purified cardiomyocyte nuclei was performed using RNA-sequencing. Top candidate genes displaying border zone spatial specificity were histologically validated in ischemic human hearts. Mice in which Nppb was deleted by genome editing were subjected to myocardial infarction. Chromatin accessibility landscapes of border zone and control cardiomyocyte nuclei were assessed by using assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing. RESULTS We identified the border zone as a spatially confined region transcriptionally distinct from the remote myocardium. The transcriptional response of the border zone was much stronger than that of the remote ventricular wall, involving acute downregulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, calcium handling, and sarcomere function, and the activation of a stress-response program. Analysis of infarcted human hearts revealed that the transcriptionally discrete border zone is conserved in humans, and led to the identification of novel conserved border zone markers including NPPB, ANKRD1, DES, UCHL1, JUN, and FOXP1. Homozygous Nppb mutant mice developed acute and lethal heart failure after myocardial infarction, indicating that B-type natriuretic peptide is required to preserve postinfarct heart function. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing revealed thousands of cardiomyocyte lineage-specific MEF2-occupied regulatory elements that lost accessibility in the border zone. Putative injury-responsive enhancers that gained accessibility were highly associated with AP-1 (activator protein 1) binding sites. Nuclear c-Jun, a component of AP-1, was observed specifically in border zone cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS Cardiomyocytes in a discrete zone bordering the infarct switch from a MEF2-driven homeostatic lineage-specific to an AP-1-driven injury-induced gene expression program. This program is conserved between mouse and human, and includes Nppb expression, which is required to prevent acute heart failure after infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel van Duijvenboden
- Departments of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (K.v.D., J.C.K.M., R.J., M.G., I.B.H., P.B., V.M.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis E M de Bakker
- Hubrecht Institute (D.E.M.d.B., J.B.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce C K Man
- Departments of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (K.v.D., J.C.K.M., R.J., M.G., I.B.H., P.B., V.M.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Janssen
- Departments of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (K.v.D., J.C.K.M., R.J., M.G., I.B.H., P.B., V.M.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Günthel
- Departments of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (K.v.D., J.C.K.M., R.J., M.G., I.B.H., P.B., V.M.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew C Hill
- Program in Developmental Biology (M.C.H., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ingeborg B Hooijkaas
- Departments of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (K.v.D., J.C.K.M., R.J., M.G., I.B.H., P.B., V.M.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg van der Made
- Experimental Cardiology (I.v.d.M., E.E.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra H van der Kraak
- Department of Pathology (P.H.v.d.K., A.V.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aryan Vink
- Department of Pathology (P.H.v.d.K., A.V.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther E Creemers
- Experimental Cardiology (I.v.d.M., E.E.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James F Martin
- Program in Developmental Biology (M.C.H., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Phil Barnett
- Departments of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (K.v.D., J.C.K.M., R.J., M.G., I.B.H., P.B., V.M.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Bakkers
- Hubrecht Institute (D.E.M.d.B., J.B.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Departments of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (K.v.D., J.C.K.M., R.J., M.G., I.B.H., P.B., V.M.C.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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45
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Jyoti S, Tandon S. Disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential coupled with alterations in cardiac biomarker expression as early cardiotoxic signatures in human ES cell-derived cardiac cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:1111-1124. [PMID: 31179749 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119855132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is one of the most significant reasons of attrition in drug development. The present study assessed the sensitivity of various endpoints for early monitoring of drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac cells, including precursors as well as mature cardiomyocytes, by correlating changes in cardiac biomarker expression. Directed differentiation was induced and cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) population were treated with cardiotoxic drugs, namely, doxorubicin (Dox) and paclitaxel (Pac), and with noncardiotoxic drug, namely penicillin G. To assess cardiac-specific toxicity, the changes in the expression of key markers of cardiac lineage, such as Nkx2.5, Tbx5, α-myosin heavy chain α-MHC, and cardiac troponin T, were studied using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry (FC). The half-maximal inhibition in the expression of these cardiac markers was analyzed from the dose-response curves. We also assessed the half-maximal inhibition (IC50) in cardiac cells using propidium iodide dye (IC50 PI) and by measuring disruption in the mitochondrial membrane potential (IC50 MMP). We observed that the most sensitive marker was α-MHC in the case of both Dox and Pac, and the order of sensitivity of the various prediction assays was MMP > protein expression by FC > gene expression by qRT-PCR > cell viability by PI staining. The results could enrich the screening of drug-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and propose disruption in MMP along with downregulation of α-MHC protein as a potential biomarker of predicting cardiotoxicity earlier during drug safety evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saras Jyoti
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Simran Tandon
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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46
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Yang LQ, Li J, Wang C, Wu QY, Chen XY, Lai SJ, Song TZ, Zhang M. Expression patterns of PPARγ2, PGC-1α, and MEF2C and their association with intramuscular fat content and skeletal muscle tenderness of crossbred Simmental bulls. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2017-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PPARγ2, PGC-1α, and MEF2C play an important role in skeletal muscle development and fat deposition. This study aimed to determine their mRNA expression levels in longissimus dorsi (Ld), semitendinosus (Se), and soleus (Sol) muscles of crossbred Simmental bulls and estimate their association with intramuscular fat (IMF) content and meat shear force (MSF). We measured the muscle fiber (MF) density and area, IMF content, and MSF of 6-, 12-, and 36-mo-old bulls. We found that the expression patterns differed with age: the PPARγ2 expression in the three muscles of 36-mo-old bulls was greater than that in the muscles of 6- and 12-mo-old bulls (P < 0.05). Furthermore, PGC-1α expression in Sol of 36-mo-old and MEF2C expression in Ld of 12-mo-old bulls were higher than those in the respective muscles of 6- and 12-mo-old bulls, and 6- and 36-mo-old bulls, respectively (P < 0.05). The MF area, IMF content, and MSF increased with age (P < 0.05). The PPARγ2 mRNA expression in Ld, Se, and Sol was positively correlated with MF area and IMF content (P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with MF density (P < 0.05). Thus, PPARγ2 might be a candidate marker, which is positively correlated with IMF content and MF area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Yang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Ying Wu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Yu Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song-Jia Lai
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-Zeng Song
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, Tibet 850009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, People’s Republic of China
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47
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Tóth AD, Schell R, Lévay M, Vettel C, Theis P, Haslinger C, Alban F, Werhahn S, Frischbier L, Krebs-Haupenthal J, Thomas D, Gröne HJ, Avkiran M, Katus HA, Wieland T, Backs J. Inflammation leads through PGE/EP 3 signaling to HDAC5/MEF2-dependent transcription in cardiac myocytes. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708536. [PMID: 29907596 PMCID: PMC6034133 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) regulates transcription in cardiac myocytes and adverse remodeling of adult hearts. Activators of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been reported to activate MEF2, but a comprehensive analysis of GPCR activators that regulate MEF2 has to our knowledge not been performed. Here, we tested several GPCR agonists regarding their ability to activate a MEF2 reporter in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. The inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) strongly activated MEF2. Using pharmacological and protein-based inhibitors, we demonstrated that PGE2 regulates MEF2 via the EP3 receptor, the βγ subunit of Gi/o protein and two concomitantly activated downstream pathways. The first consists of Tiam1, Rac1, and its effector p21-activated kinase 2, the second of protein kinase D. Both pathways converge on and inactivate histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) and thereby de-repress MEF2. In vivo, endotoxemia in MEF2-reporter mice induced upregulation of PGE2 and MEF2 activation. Our findings provide an unexpected new link between inflammation and cardiac remodeling by de-repression of MEF2 through HDAC5 inactivation, which has potential implications for new strategies to treat inflammatory cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- András D Tóth
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Richard Schell
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Magdolna Lévay
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Experimental Pharmacology, European Center of Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christiane Vettel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Experimental Pharmacology, European Center of Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp Theis
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Clemens Haslinger
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix Alban
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefanie Werhahn
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lina Frischbier
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jutta Krebs-Haupenthal
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Gröne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Metin Avkiran
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Experimental Pharmacology, European Center of Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
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48
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Clapham KR, Singh I, Capuano IS, Rajagopal S, Chun HJ. MEF2 and the Right Ventricle: From Development to Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:29. [PMID: 30984767 PMCID: PMC6448530 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive and ultimately life-limiting disease in which survival is closely linked to right ventricular function. The right ventricle remains relatively understudied, as it is known to have key developmental and structural differences from the left ventricle. Here, we will highlight what is known about the right ventricle in normal physiology and in the disease state of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Specifically, we will explore the role of the family of MEF2 (myocyte enhancer factor 2) transcription factors in right ventricular development, its response to increased afterload, and in the endothelial dysfunction that characterizes pulmonary arterial hypertension. Finally, we will turn to review potentially novel therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Clapham
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Isabella S Capuano
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Choate Rosemary Hall, Wallingford, CT, United States
| | - Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Hyung J Chun
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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49
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Xiong Y, Wang L, Jiang W, Pang L, Liu W, Li A, Zhong Y, Ou W, Liu B, Liu SM. MEF2A alters the proliferation, inflammation-related gene expression profiles and its silencing induces cellular senescence in human coronary endothelial cells. BMC Mol Biol 2019; 20:8. [PMID: 30885136 PMCID: PMC6423757 DOI: 10.1186/s12867-019-0125-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. Functional deletion or mutation in MEF2A predisposes individuals to cardiovascular disease mainly caused by vascular endothelial dysfunction. However, the effect of the inhibition of MEF2A expression on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) is unclear. In this study, expression of MEF2A was inhibited by specific small interference RNA (siRNA), and changes in mRNA profiles in response to MEF2A knockdown were analyzed using an Agilent human mRNA array. Results Silencing of MEF2A in HCAECs accelerated cell senescence and suppressed cell proliferation. Microarray analysis identified 962 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the MEF2A knockdown group and the negative control group. Annotation clustering analysis showed that the DEGs were preferentially enriched in gene ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways related to proliferation, development, survival, and inflammation. Furthermore, 61 of the 578 downregulated DEGs have at least one potential MEF2A binding site in the proximal promoter and were mostly enriched in the GO terms “reproduction” and “cardiovascular.” The protein–protein interaction network analyzed for the downregulated DEGs and the DEGs in the GO terms “cardiovascular” and “aging” revealed that PIK3CG, IL1B, IL8, and PRKCB were included in hot nodes, and the regulation of the longevity-associated gene PIK3CG by MEF2A has been verified at the protein level, suggesting that PIK3CG might play a key role in MEF2A knockdown induced HCAEC senescence. Conclusions MEF2A knockdown accelerates HCAEC senescence, and the underlying molecular mechanism may be involved in down-regulation of the genes related with cell proliferation, development, inflammation and survival, in which PIK3CG may play a key role. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12867-019-0125-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyi Jiang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Pang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiqun Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhong
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Ou
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Benrong Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shi-Ming Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Monroe TO, Hill MC, Morikawa Y, Leach JP, Heallen T, Cao S, Krijger PHL, de Laat W, Wehrens XHT, Rodney GG, Martin JF. YAP Partially Reprograms Chromatin Accessibility to Directly Induce Adult Cardiogenesis In Vivo. Dev Cell 2019; 48:765-779.e7. [PMID: 30773489 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Specialized adult somatic cells, such as cardiomyocytes (CMs), are highly differentiated with poor renewal capacity, an integral reason underlying organ failure in disease and aging. Among the least renewable cells in the human body, CMs renew approximately 1% annually. Consistent with poor CM turnover, heart failure is the leading cause of death. Here, we show that an active version of the Hippo pathway effector YAP, termed YAP5SA, partially reprograms adult mouse CMs to a more fetal and proliferative state. One week after induction, 19% of CMs that enter S-phase do so twice, CM number increases by 40%, and YAP5SA lineage CMs couple to pre-existing CMs. Genomic studies showed that YAP5SA increases chromatin accessibility and expression of fetal genes, partially reprogramming long-lived somatic cells in vivo to a primitive, fetal-like, and proliferative state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner O Monroe
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Matthew C Hill
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuka Morikawa
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John P Leach
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Todd Heallen
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shuyi Cao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peter H L Krijger
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, Utrecht, the Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter de Laat
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, Utrecht, the Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George G Rodney
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - James F Martin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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