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Abe P, Lavalley A, Morassut I, Santinha AJ, Roig-Puiggros S, Javed A, Klingler E, Baumann N, Prados J, Platt RJ, Jabaudon D. Molecular programs guiding arealization of descending cortical pathways. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07895-y. [PMID: 39261725 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07895-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Layer 5 extratelencephalic (ET) neurons are present across neocortical areas and send axons to multiple subcortical targets1-6. Two cardinal subtypes exist7,8: (1) Slco2a1-expressing neurons (ETdist), which predominate in the motor cortex and project distally to the pons, medulla and spinal cord; and (2) Nprs1- or Hpgd-expressing neurons (ETprox), which predominate in the visual cortex and project more proximally to the pons and thalamus. An understanding of how area-specific ETdist and ETprox emerge during development is important because they are critical for fine motor skills and are susceptible to spinal cord injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis9-12. Here, using cross-areal mapping of axonal projections in the mouse neocortex, we identify the subtype-specific developmental dynamics of ET neurons. Whereas subsets of ETprox emerge by pruning of ETdist axons, others emerge de novo. We outline corresponding subtype-specific developmental transcriptional programs using single-nucleus sequencing. Leveraging these findings, we use postnatal in vivo knockdown of subtype-specific transcription factors to reprogram ET neuron connectivity towards more proximal targets. Together, these results show the functional transcriptional programs driving ET neuron diversity and uncover cell subtype-specific gene regulatory networks that can be manipulated to direct target specificity in motor corticofugal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Abe
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Adrien Lavalley
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Morassut
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antonio J Santinha
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sergi Roig-Puiggros
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Awais Javed
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Esther Klingler
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalia Baumann
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Prados
- Bioinformatic Support Platform, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Randall J Platt
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- Basel Research Center for Child Health, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- NCCR Molecular Systems Engineering, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Denis Jabaudon
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
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2
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Saritas Erdogan S, Yilmaz AE, Kumbasar A. PIN1 is a novel interaction partner and a negative upstream regulator of the transcription factor NFIB. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 39245791 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
NFIB is a transcription factor of the Nuclear Factor One (NFI) family that is essential for embryonic development. Post-translational control of NFIB or its upstream regulators have not been well characterized. Here, we show that PIN1 binds NFIB in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, via its WW domain. PIN1 interacts with the well-conserved N-terminal domains of all NFIs. Moreover, PIN1 attenuates the transcriptional activity of NFIB; this attenuation requires substrate binding by PIN1 but not its isomerase activity. Paradoxically, we found stabilization of NFIB by PIN1. We propose that PIN1 represses NFIB function not by regulating its abundance but by inducing a conformational change. These results identify NFIB as a novel PIN1 target and posit a role for PIN1 in post-translational regulation of NFIB and other NFIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmet Erdal Yilmaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
| | - Asli Kumbasar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
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3
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Nazim M, Lin CH, Feng AC, Xiao W, Yeom KH, Li M, Daly AE, Tan X, Vu H, Ernst J, Carey MF, Smale ST, Black DL. Alternative splicing of a chromatin modifier alters the transcriptional regulatory programs of stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:754-771.e6. [PMID: 38701759 PMCID: PMC11126784 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Development of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into neurons requires intricate regulation of transcription, splicing, and translation, but how these processes interconnect is not understood. We found that polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) controls splicing of DPF2, a subunit of BRG1/BRM-associated factor (BAF) chromatin remodeling complexes. Dpf2 exon 7 splicing is inhibited by PTBP1 to produce the DPF2-S isoform early in development. During neuronal differentiation, loss of PTBP1 allows exon 7 inclusion and DPF2-L expression. Different cellular phenotypes and gene expression programs were induced by these alternative DPF2 isoforms. We identified chromatin binding sites enriched for each DPF2 isoform, as well as sites bound by both. In ESC, DPF2-S preferential sites were bound by pluripotency factors. In neuronal progenitors, DPF2-S sites were bound by nuclear factor I (NFI), while DPF2-L sites were bound by CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF). DPF2-S sites exhibited enhancer modifications, while DPF2-L sites showed promoter modifications. Thus, alternative splicing redirects BAF complex targeting to impact chromatin organization during neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nazim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Lin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - An-Chieh Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wen Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kyu-Hyeon Yeom
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mulin Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Allison E Daly
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xianglong Tan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ha Vu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jason Ernst
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael F Carey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephen T Smale
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Douglas L Black
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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4
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Sojka C, Sloan SA. Gliomas: a reflection of temporal gliogenic principles. Commun Biol 2024; 7:156. [PMID: 38321118 PMCID: PMC10847444 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The hijacking of early developmental programs is a canonical feature of gliomas where neoplastic cells resemble neurodevelopmental lineages and possess mechanisms of stem cell resilience. Given these parallels, uncovering how and when in developmental time gliomagenesis intersects with normal trajectories can greatly inform our understanding of tumor biology. Here, we review how elapsing time impacts the developmental principles of astrocyte (AS) and oligodendrocyte (OL) lineages, and how these same temporal programs are replicated, distorted, or circumvented in pathological settings such as gliomas. Additionally, we discuss how normal gliogenic processes can inform our understanding of the temporal progression of gliomagenesis, including when in developmental time gliomas originate, thrive, and can be pushed towards upon therapeutic coercion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Sojka
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Steven A Sloan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Emory Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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5
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Frith TJR, Briscoe J, Boezio GLM. From signalling to form: the coordination of neural tube patterning. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 159:168-231. [PMID: 38729676 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of the vertebrate spinal cord involves the formation of the neural tube and the generation of multiple distinct cell types. The process starts during gastrulation, combining axial elongation with specification of neural cells and the formation of the neuroepithelium. Tissue movements produce the neural tube which is then exposed to signals that provide patterning information to neural progenitors. The intracellular response to these signals, via a gene regulatory network, governs the spatial and temporal differentiation of progenitors into specific cell types, facilitating the assembly of functional neuronal circuits. The interplay between the gene regulatory network, cell movement, and tissue mechanics generates the conserved neural tube pattern observed across species. In this review we offer an overview of the molecular and cellular processes governing the formation and patterning of the neural tube, highlighting how the remarkable complexity and precision of vertebrate nervous system arises. We argue that a multidisciplinary and multiscale understanding of the neural tube development, paired with the study of species-specific strategies, will be crucial to tackle the open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Briscoe
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
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6
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Keeley PW, Trod S, Gamboa BN, Coffey PJ, Reese BE. Nfia Is Critical for AII Amacrine Cell Production: Selective Bipolar Cell Dependencies and Diminished ERG. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8367-8384. [PMID: 37775301 PMCID: PMC10711738 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1099-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor one (NFI) transcription factor genes Nfia, Nfib, and Nfix are all enriched in late-stage retinal progenitor cells, and their loss has been shown to retain these progenitors at the expense of later-generated retinal cell types. Whether they play any role in the specification of those later-generated fates is unknown, but the expression of one of these, Nfia, in a specific amacrine cell type may intimate such a role. Here, Nfia conditional knockout (Nfia-CKO) mice (both sexes) were assessed, finding a massive and largely selective absence of AII amacrine cells. There was, however, a partial reduction in type 2 cone bipolar cells (CBCs), being richly interconnected to AII cells. Counts of dying cells showed a significant increase in Nfia-CKO retinas at postnatal day (P)7, after AII cell numbers were already reduced but in advance of the loss of type 2 CBCs detected by P10. Those results suggest a role for Nfia in the specification of the AII amacrine cell fate and a dependency of the type 2 CBCs on them. Delaying the conditional loss of Nfia to the first postnatal week did not alter AII cell number nor differentiation, further suggesting that its role in AII cells is solely associated with their production. The physiological consequences of their loss were assessed using the ERG, finding the oscillatory potentials to be profoundly diminished. A slight reduction in the b-wave was also detected, attributed to an altered distribution of the terminals of rod bipolar cells, implicating a role of the AII amacrine cells in constraining their stratification.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The transcription factor NFIA is shown to play a critical role in the specification of a single type of retinal amacrine cell, the AII cell. Using an Nfia-conditional knockout mouse to eliminate this population of retinal neurons, we demonstrate two selective bipolar cell dependencies on the AII cells; the terminals of rod bipolar cells become mis-stratified in the inner plexiform layer, and one type of cone bipolar cell undergoes enhanced cell death. The physiological consequence of this loss of the AII cells was also assessed, finding the cells to be a major contributor to the oscillatory potentials in the electroretinogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Keeley
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5060
| | - Stephanie Trod
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5060
| | - Bruno N Gamboa
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5060
| | - Pete J Coffey
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5060
| | - Benjamin E Reese
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5060
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5060
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7
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Popova G, Retallack H, Kim CN, Wang A, Shin D, DeRisi JL, Nowakowski T. Rubella virus tropism and single-cell responses in human primary tissue and microglia-containing organoids. eLife 2023; 12:RP87696. [PMID: 37470786 PMCID: PMC10370260 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubella virus is an important human pathogen that can cause neurological deficits in a developing fetus when contracted during pregnancy. Despite successful vaccination programs in the Americas and many developed countries, rubella remains endemic in many regions worldwide and outbreaks occur wherever population immunity is insufficient. Intense interest since rubella virus was first isolated in 1962 has advanced our understanding of clinical outcomes after infection disrupts key processes of fetal neurodevelopment. Yet it is still largely unknown which cell types in the developing brain are targeted. We show that in human brain slices, rubella virus predominantly infects microglia. This infection occurs in a heterogeneous population but not in a highly microglia-enriched monoculture in the absence of other cell types. By using an organoid-microglia model, we further demonstrate that rubella virus infection leads to a profound interferon response in non-microglial cells, including neurons and neural progenitor cells, and this response is attenuated by the presence of microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Popova
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Hanna Retallack
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Chang N Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Albert Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - David Shin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Tomasz Nowakowski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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8
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de Alwis R, Schoch S, Islam M, Möller C, Ljungberg B, Axelson H. Identification and validation of NFIA as a novel prognostic marker in renal cell carcinoma. J Pathol Clin Res 2023. [PMID: 36947439 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Prognostic tools are an essential component of the clinical management of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Although tumour stage and grade can provide important information, they fail to consider patient- and tumour-specific biology. In this study, we set out to find a novel molecular marker of RCC by using hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (HNF4A), a transcription factor implicated in RCC progression and malignancy, as a blueprint. Through transcriptomic analyses, we show that the nuclear factor I A (NFIA)-driven transcription network is active in primary RCC and that higher levels of NFIA confer a survival benefit. We validate our findings using immunohistochemical staining and analysis of a 363-patient tissue microarray (TMA), showing for the first time that NFIA can independently predict poor cancer-specific survival in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) patients (hazard ratio = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.24-0.85, p value = 0.014). Furthermore, we confirm the association of HNF4A with higher grades and stages in ccRCC in our TMA cohort. We present novel data that show HNF4A protein expression does not confer favourable prognosis in papillary RCC, confirming our survival analysis with publicly available HNF4A RNA expression data. Further work is required to elucidate the functional role of NFIA in RCC as well as the testing of these markers on patient material from diverse multi-centre cohorts, to establish their value for the prognostication of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger de Alwis
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sarah Schoch
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mazharul Islam
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christina Möller
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Börje Ljungberg
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Håkan Axelson
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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9
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Age- and cell cycle-related expression patterns of transcription factors and cell cycle regulators in Müller glia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19584. [PMID: 36379991 PMCID: PMC9666513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian Müller glia express transcription factors and cell cycle regulators essential for the function of retinal progenitors, indicating the latent neurogenic capacity; however, the role of these regulators remains unclear. To gain insights into the role of these regulators in Müller glia, we analyzed expression of transcription factors (Pax6, Vsx2 and Nfia) and cell cycle regulators (cyclin D1 and D3) in rodent Müller glia, focusing on their age- and cell cycle-related expression patterns. Expression of Pax6, Vsx2, Nfia and cyclin D3, but not cyclin D1, increased in Müller glia during development. Photoreceptor injury induced cell cycle-associated increase of Vsx2 and cyclin D1, but not Pax6, Nfia, and cyclin D3. In dissociated cultures, cell cycle-associated increase of Pax6 and Vsx2 was observed in Müller glia from P10 mice but not from P21 mice. Nfia levels were highly correlated with EdU incorporation suggesting their activation during S phase progression. Cyclin D1 and D3 were transiently upregulated in G1 phase but downregulated after S phase entry. Our findings revealed previously unknown links between cell cycle progression and regulator protein expression, which likely affect the cell fate decision of proliferating Müller glia.
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10
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Colijn MA, Hrynchak M, Hrazdil CT, Willaeys V, White RF, Stowe RM. A 1p31.3 deletion encompassing the nuclear factor 1A gene presenting as possible temporal lobe epilepsy in association with schizoaffective disorder. Neurocase 2022; 28:382-387. [PMID: 36209511 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2022.2132869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 1p32-p31 deletion syndrome, which is characterized by a variety of neurodevelopmental abnormalities, is thought to occur as a result of nuclear factor 1A (NFIA) haploinsufficiency. We present a case of a right-handed 40-year-old female with a 1p31.3 deletion, who exhibited numerous common features of this syndrome, in addition to treatment resistant schizoaffective disorder and possible temporal lobe epilepsy, making her presentation unique. While neither psychosis nor temporal lobe epilepsy has been described in this syndrome previously, these conditions likely occurred in our patient as a result of NFIA haploinsufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Colijn
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Monica Hrynchak
- Molecular Cytogenetic Laboratory, Royal Columbian Hospital, The University of British Columbia, New Westminster, BC, Canada
| | - Chantelle T Hrazdil
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Veerle Willaeys
- BC Psychosis Program, British Columbia Mental Health & Substance Use Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Randall F White
- BC Psychosis Program, British Columbia Mental Health & Substance Use Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert M Stowe
- BC Neuropsychiatry Program, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology (Medicine), and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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11
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Ciallella HL, Russo DP, Sharma S, Li Y, Sloter E, Sweet L, Huang H, Zhu H. Predicting Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Based On the Combination of Chemical Structures and Biological Data. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5984-5998. [PMID: 35451820 PMCID: PMC9191745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
For hazard identification, classification, and labeling purposes, animal testing guidelines are required by law to evaluate the developmental toxicity potential of new and existing chemical products. However, guideline developmental toxicity studies are costly, time-consuming, and require many laboratory animals. Computational modeling has emerged as a promising, animal-sparing, and cost-effective method for evaluating the developmental toxicity potential of chemicals, such as endocrine disruptors, without the use of animals. We aimed to develop a predictive and explainable computational model for developmental toxicants. To this end, a comprehensive dataset of 1244 chemicals with developmental toxicity classifications was curated from public repositories and literature sources. Data from 2140 toxicological high-throughput screening assays were extracted from PubChem and the ToxCast program for this dataset and combined with information about 834 chemical fragments to group assays based on their chemical-mechanistic relationships. This effort revealed two assay clusters containing 83 and 76 assays, respectively, with high positive predictive rates for developmental toxicants identified with animal testing guidelines (PPV = 72.4 and 77.3% during cross-validation). These two assay clusters can be used as developmental toxicity models and were applied to predict new chemicals for external validation. This study provides a new strategy for constructing alternative chemical developmental toxicity evaluations that can be replicated for other toxicity modeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Ciallella
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Daniel P. Russo
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, 08102, USA
| | - Swati Sharma
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Yafan Li
- The Lubrizol Corporation, Wickliffe, OH, 44092, USA
| | - Eddie Sloter
- The Lubrizol Corporation, Wickliffe, OH, 44092, USA
| | - Len Sweet
- The Lubrizol Corporation, Wickliffe, OH, 44092, USA
| | - Heng Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, 08102, USA
- Corresponding Author333 Hao Zhu, 201 South Broadway, Joint Health Sciences Center, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey 08103; Telephone: (856) 225-6781;
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12
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Uluca B, Lektemur Esen C, Saritas Erdogan S, Kumbasar A. NFI transcriptionally represses CDON and is required for SH-SY5Y cell survival. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194798. [PMID: 35151899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Factor One (NFI) family of transcription factors regulate proliferation and multiple aspects of differentiation, playing analogous roles in embryonic development and various types of cancer. While all NFI family members are expressed in the developing brain and are involved in progression of brain cancers, their role in neuroblastoma has not been studied. Here we show that NFIB is required for the survival and proliferation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, assessed by viability and colony formation assays. Cdon, an Ig superfamily member, is a SHH dependence receptor that acts as a tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma. In the absence of NFI, Cdon is upregulated in the developing mouse brain, however the mechanisms by which its transcription is regulated remains unknown. We report CDON as a downstream target of NFIs in SH-SY5Y cells. There are three putative NFI binding sites within the one kb CDON promoter, two of which are occupied by NFIs in SH-SY5Y cells and human neural stem cells. In dual-luciferase assays, Nfib directly represses CDON proximal promoter activity. Moreover, silencing NFIB leads to upregulation of CDON in SH-SY5Y cells, however, decreased cell proliferation in NFIB silenced cells could not be rescued by concomitantly silencing CDON, suggesting other molecular players are involved. For instance, p21, an NFI target in glioblastoma and breast cancer cells, is also upregulated upon NFIB knock-down. We propose that NFIB is indispensable for SH-SY5Y cells which may involve regulation of apoptosis inducer proteins CDON and p21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Uluca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Turkish-German University, Beykoz, Istanbul 34820, Turkey
| | - Cemre Lektemur Esen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Sinem Saritas Erdogan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Asli Kumbasar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
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13
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Ogura Y, Uehara T, Ujibe K, Yoshihashi H, Yamada M, Suzuki H, Takenouchi T, Kosaki K, Hirata H. The p.Thr395Met missense variant of NFIA found in a patient with intellectual disability is a defective variant. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1184-1192. [PMID: 35018717 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor one A (NFIA) is a transcription factor that regulates the development of the central nervous system. Haploinsufficiency of the NFIA gene causes NFIA-related disorder, which includes brain abnormalities and intellectual disability, with or without urinary tract defects. Intragenic deletions, nonsense variants, frameshift variants, and missense variants in one allele of the NFIA gene have been reported to cause various neurological and urogenital symptoms. Here we report a 10-year-old male patient with developmental delay, coarctation of the aorta, and distinctive facial features. Exome analysis identified a rare de novo heterozygous missense variant p.Thr395Met in NFIA. We employed zebrafish as a model organism in our NFIA analysis and found that nfia-/- zebrafish initially showed a loss of commissural axons in the brain, and eventually underwent growth retardation resulting in premature death. Impairment of the commissural neurons in nfia-/- zebrafish embryos could be restored by the expression of wild-type human NFIA protein, but not of mutant human protein harboring the p.Thr395Met substitution, indicating that this variant affects the function of NFIA protein. Taken together, we suggest that the p.Thr395Met allele in the NFIA gene is relevant to the pathogenesis of NFIA-related disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Ogura
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tomoko Uehara
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Aichi Developmental Disability Center Central Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kota Ujibe
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshihashi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamiko Yamada
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisato Suzuki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hirata
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, Japan
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14
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Zheng K, Huang H, Yang J, Qiu M. Origin, molecular specification and stemness of astrocytes. Dev Neurobiol 2022; 82:149-159. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zheng
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Hao Huang
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Junlin Yang
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
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15
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Iacobucci S, Padilla N, Gabrielli M, Navarro C, Lombardi M, Vicioso-Mantis M, Verderio C, de la Cruz X, Martínez-Balbás MA. The histone demethylase PHF8 regulates astrocyte differentiation and function. Development 2021; 148:268981. [PMID: 34081130 DOI: 10.1242/dev.194951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic factors have been shown to play a crucial role in X-linked intellectual disability (XLID). Here, we investigate the contribution of the XLID-associated histone demethylase PHF8 to astrocyte differentiation and function. Using genome-wide analyses and biochemical assays in mouse astrocytic cultures, we reveal a regulatory crosstalk between PHF8 and the Notch signaling pathway that balances the expression of the master astrocytic gene Nfia. Moreover, PHF8 regulates key synaptic genes in astrocytes by maintaining low levels of H4K20me3. Accordingly, astrocytic-PHF8 depletion has a striking effect on neuronal synapse formation and maturation in vitro. These data reveal that PHF8 is crucial in astrocyte development to maintain chromatin homeostasis and limit heterochromatin formation at synaptogenic genes. Our studies provide insights into the involvement of epigenetics in intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Iacobucci
- Department of Molecular Genomics, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Natalia Padilla
- Research Unit in Clinical and Translational Bioinformatics, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119; E-08035 Barcelona, Spain. Institut Català per la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08018, Spain
| | - Martina Gabrielli
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Navarro
- Department of Molecular Genomics, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Marta Lombardi
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Vicioso-Mantis
- Department of Molecular Genomics, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Claudia Verderio
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Xavier de la Cruz
- Research Unit in Clinical and Translational Bioinformatics, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119; E-08035 Barcelona, Spain. Institut Català per la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08018, Spain
| | - Marian A Martínez-Balbás
- Department of Molecular Genomics, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08028, Spain
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16
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Uehara T, Sanuki R, Ogura Y, Yokoyama A, Yoshida T, Futagawa H, Yoshihashi H, Yamada M, Suzuki H, Takenouchi T, Matsubara K, Hirata H, Kosaki K, Takano‐Shimizu T. Recurrent NFIA K125E substitution represents a loss-of-function allele: Sensitive in vitro and in vivo assays for nontruncating alleles. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2084-2093. [PMID: 33973697 PMCID: PMC8251549 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor I A (NFIA) is a transcription factor that belongs to the NFI family. Truncating variants or intragenic deletion of the NFIA gene are known to cause the human neurodevelopmental disorder known as NFIA‐related disorder, but no patient heterozygous for a missense mutation has been reported. Here, we document two unrelated patients with typical phenotypic features of the NFIA‐related disorder who shared a missense variant p.Lys125Glu (K125E) in the NFIA gene. Patient 1 was a 6‐year‐old female with global developmental delay, corpus callosum anomaly, macrocephaly, and dysmorphic facial features. Patient 2 was a 14‐month‐old male with corpus callosum anomaly and macrocephaly. By using Drosophila and zebrafish models, we functionally evaluated the effect of the K125E substitution. Ectopic expression of wild‐type human NFIA in Drosophila caused developmental defects such as eye malformation and premature death, while that of human NFIA K125E variant allele did not. nfia‐deficient zebrafish embryos showed defects of midline‐crossing axons in the midbrain/hindbrain boundary. This impairment of commissural neurons was rescued by expression of wild‐type human NFIA, but not by that of mutant variant harboring K125E substitution. In accordance with these in vivo functional analyses, we showed that the K125E mutation impaired the transcriptional regulation of HES1 promoter in cultured cells. Taken together, we concluded that the K125E variant in the NFIA gene is a loss‐of‐function mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Uehara
- Center for Medical GeneticsKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Rikako Sanuki
- Advanced Insect Research Promotion CenterKyoto Institute of TechnologyKyotoJapan
| | - Yurie Ogura
- Department of Chemistry and Biological ScienceCollege of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin UniversitySagamiharaKanagawaJapan
| | - Atsushi Yokoyama
- Department of PediatricsKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- Department of PediatricsKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Futagawa
- Department of GeneticsTokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical CenterTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshihashi
- Department of GeneticsTokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical CenterTokyoJapan
| | - Mamiko Yamada
- Center for Medical GeneticsKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hisato Suzuki
- Center for Medical GeneticsKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | | | - Kohei Matsubara
- Advanced Insect Research Promotion CenterKyoto Institute of TechnologyKyotoJapan
| | - Hiromi Hirata
- Department of Chemistry and Biological ScienceCollege of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin UniversitySagamiharaKanagawaJapan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical GeneticsKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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17
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Curry RN, Glasgow SM. The Role of Neurodevelopmental Pathways in Brain Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:659055. [PMID: 34012965 PMCID: PMC8127784 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions to developmental cell signaling pathways and transcriptional cascades have been implicated in tumor initiation, maintenance and progression. Resurgence of aberrant neurodevelopmental programs in the context of brain tumors highlights the numerous parallels that exist between developmental and oncologic mechanisms. A deeper understanding of how dysregulated developmental factors contribute to brain tumor oncogenesis and disease progression will help to identify potential therapeutic targets for these malignancies. In this review, we summarize the current literature concerning developmental signaling cascades and neurodevelopmentally-regulated transcriptional programs. We also examine their respective contributions towards tumor initiation, maintenance, and progression in both pediatric and adult brain tumors and highlight relevant differentiation therapies and putative candidates for prospective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N. Curry
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Houston, TX, United States
- Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stacey M. Glasgow
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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18
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Yuan H, Li M, Feng X, Zhu E, Wang B. miR-142a-5p promoted osteoblast differentiation via targeting nuclear factor IA. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:1810-1821. [PMID: 32700780 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
miR-142a-5p plays critical roles in multiple biological processes and diseases, such as inflammation and tumorigenesis. However, it remains to be explored if and how miR-142a-5p contributes to osteoblast differentiation. In this study, our results showed that miR-142a-5p was highly expressed in bone tissue of mice and increased during osteogenesis in preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. Supplementing miR-142a-5p activity using miR-142a-5p agomir promoted osteogenic differentiation in stromal cell line ST2 and preosteoblastic line MC3T3-E1. Conversely, miR-142a-5p antagomir, an inhibitor of endogenous miR-142a-5p, could reduce osteoblast differentiation in ST2 and MC3T3-E1 cells. Nuclear factor IA (NFIA), a site-specific transcriptional factor, was demonstrated to be directly targeted by miR-142a-5p. Overexpression of NFIA inhibited miR-142a-5p-mediated osteoblast differentiation in ST2 cells. Furthermore, mechanism explorations revealed that Wnt/β-catenin signaling transcriptionally regulated the expression of miR-142a-5p during osteogenic differentiation. β-catenin binds to the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor binding motif within the promoter of miR-142 and positively regulates its transcriptional activity. Our findings suggested that miR-142a-5p promoted osteoblast differentiation via targeting NFIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Yuan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengyue Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Feng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Endong Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baoli Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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19
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Brenner M, Messing A. Regulation of GFAP Expression. ASN Neuro 2021; 13:1759091420981206. [PMID: 33601918 PMCID: PMC7897836 DOI: 10.1177/1759091420981206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the GFAP gene has attracted considerable attention because its onset is a marker for astrocyte development, its upregulation is a marker for reactive gliosis, and its predominance in astrocytes provides a tool for their genetic manipulation. The literature on GFAP regulation is voluminous, as almost any perturbation of development or homeostasis in the CNS will lead to changes in its expression. In this review, we limit our discussion to mechanisms proposed to regulate GFAP synthesis through a direct interaction with its gene or mRNA. Strengths and weaknesses of the supportive experimental findings are described, and suggestions made for additional studies. This review covers 15 transcription factors, DNA and histone methylation, and microRNAs. The complexity involved in regulating the expression of this intermediate filament protein suggests that GFAP function may vary among both astrocyte subtypes and other GFAP-expressing cells, as well as during development and in response to perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Brenner
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Albee Messing
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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20
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Huang AYS, Woo J, Sardar D, Lozzi B, Bosquez Huerta NA, Lin CCJ, Felice D, Jain A, Paulucci-Holthauzen A, Deneen B. Region-Specific Transcriptional Control of Astrocyte Function Oversees Local Circuit Activities. Neuron 2020; 106:992-1008.e9. [PMID: 32320644 PMCID: PMC7879989 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes play essential roles in brain function by supporting synaptic connectivity and associated circuits. How these roles are regulated by transcription factors is unknown. Moreover, there is emerging evidence that astrocytes exhibit regional heterogeneity, and the mechanisms controlling this diversity remain nascent. Here, we show that conditional deletion of the transcription factor nuclear factor I-A (NFIA) in astrocytes in the adult brain results in region-specific alterations in morphology and physiology that are mediated by selective DNA binding. Disruptions in astrocyte function following loss of NFIA are most pronounced in the hippocampus, manifested by impaired interactions with neurons, coupled with diminution of learning and memory behaviors. These changes in hippocampal astrocytes did not affect basal neuronal properties but specifically inhibited synaptic plasticity, which is regulated by NFIA in astrocytes through calcium-dependent mechanisms. Together, our studies reveal region-specific transcriptional dependencies for astrocytes and identify astrocytic NFIA as a key transcriptional regulator of hippocampal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Yu-Szu Huang
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Junsung Woo
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Debosmita Sardar
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brittney Lozzi
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Navish A Bosquez Huerta
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chia-Ching John Lin
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniela Felice
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antrix Jain
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Deneen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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21
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Adam RC, Yang H, Ge Y, Infarinato NR, Gur-Cohen S, Miao Y, Wang P, Zhao Y, Lu CP, Kim JE, Ko JY, Paik SS, Gronostajski RM, Kim J, Krueger JG, Zheng D, Fuchs E. NFI transcription factors provide chromatin access to maintain stem cell identity while preventing unintended lineage fate choices. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:640-650. [PMID: 32393888 PMCID: PMC7367149 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis and regeneration rely on resident stem cells (SCs), whose behaviour is regulated through niche-dependent crosstalk. The mechanisms underlying SC identity are still unfolding. Here, using spatiotemporal gene ablation in murine hair follicles, we uncover a critical role for the transcription factors (TFs) nuclear factor IB (NFIB) and IX (NFIX) in maintaining SC identity. Without NFI TFs, SCs lose their hair-regenerating capability, and produce skin bearing striking resemblance to irreversible human alopecia, which also displays reduced NFIs. Through single-cell transcriptomics, ATAC-Seq and ChIP-Seq profiling, we expose a key role for NFIB and NFIX in governing super-enhancer maintenance of the key hair follicle SC-specific TF genes. When NFIB and NFIX are genetically removed, the stemness epigenetic landscape is lost. Super-enhancers driving SC identity are decommissioned, while unwanted lineages are de-repressed ectopically. Together, our findings expose NFIB and NFIX as crucial rheostats of tissue homeostasis, functioning to safeguard the SC epigenome from a breach in lineage confinement that otherwise triggers irreversible tissue degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene C Adam
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanseul Yang
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yejing Ge
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole R Infarinato
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shiri Gur-Cohen
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuxuan Miao
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine P Lu
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeong E Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Y Ko
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung S Paik
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Richard M Gronostajski
- Department of Biochemistry, Developmental Genomics Group, NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - James G Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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22
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de Majo M, Koontz M, Rowitch D, Ullian EM. An update on human astrocytes and their role in development and disease. Glia 2020; 68:685-704. [PMID: 31926040 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human astrocytes provide trophic as well as structural support to the surrounding brain cells. Furthermore, they have been implicated in many physiological processes important for central nervous system function. Traditionally astrocytes have been considered to be a homogeneous class of cells, however, it has increasingly become more evident that astrocytes can have very different characteristics in different regions of the brain, or even within the same region. In this review we will discuss the features of human astrocytes, their heterogeneity, and their generation during neurodevelopment and the extraordinary progress that has been made to model these fascinating cells in vitro, mainly from induced pluripotent stem cells. Astrocytes' role in disease will also be discussed with a particular focus on their role in neurodegenerative disorders. As outlined here, astrocytes are important for the homeostasis of the central nervous system and understanding their regional specificity is a priority to elucidate the complexity of the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina de Majo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mark Koontz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - David Rowitch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erik M Ullian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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23
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Zenker M, Bunt J, Schanze I, Schanze D, Piper M, Priolo M, Gerkes EH, Gronostajski RM, Richards LJ, Vogt J, Wessels MW, Hennekam RC. Variants in nuclear factor I genes influence growth and development. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 181:611-626. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital, Otto‐von‐Guericke‐University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Jens Bunt
- Queensland Brain InstituteThe University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Ina Schanze
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital, Otto‐von‐Guericke‐University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital, Otto‐von‐Guericke‐University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Michael Piper
- Queensland Brain InstituteThe University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Manuela Priolo
- Operative Unit of Medical GeneticsGreat Metropolitan Hospital Bianchi‐Melacrino‐Morelli Reggio Calabria Italy
| | - Erica H. Gerkes
- Department of Genetics, University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Richard M. Gronostajski
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life SciencesState University of New York Buffalo NY
| | - Linda J. Richards
- Queensland Brain InstituteThe University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Julie Vogt
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health PartnersWomen's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - Marja W. Wessels
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Raoul C. Hennekam
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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24
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Abstract
Gliomas are heterogeneous tumours derived from glial cells and remain the deadliest form of brain cancer. Although the glioma stem cell sits at the apex of the cellular hierarchy, how it produces the vast cellular constituency associated with frank glioma remains poorly defined. We explore glioma tumorigenesis through the lens of glial development, starting with the neurogenic-gliogenic switch and progressing through oligodendrocyte and astrocyte differentiation. Beginning with the factors that influence normal glial linage progression and diversity, a pattern emerges that has useful parallels in the development of glioma and may ultimately provide targetable pathways for much-needed new therapeutics.
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25
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Filatova A, Rey LK, Lechler MB, Schaper J, Hempel M, Posmyk R, Szczaluba K, Santen GWE, Wieczorek D, Nuber UA. Mutations in SMARCB1 and in other Coffin-Siris syndrome genes lead to various brain midline defects. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2966. [PMID: 31273213 PMCID: PMC6609698 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10849-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding components of BAF (BRG1/BRM-associated factor) chromatin remodeling complexes cause neurodevelopmental disorders and tumors. The mechanisms leading to the development of these two disease entities alone or in combination remain unclear. We generated mice with a heterozygous nervous system-specific partial loss-of-function mutation in a BAF core component gene, Smarcb1. These Smarcb1 mutant mice show various brain midline abnormalities that are also found in individuals with Coffin–Siris syndrome (CSS) caused by SMARCB1, SMARCE1, and ARID1B mutations and in SMARCB1-related intellectual disability (ID) with choroid plexus hyperplasia (CPH). Analyses of the Smarcb1 mutant animals indicate that one prominent midline abnormality, corpus callosum agenesis, is due to midline glia aberrations. Our results establish a novel role of Smarcb1 in the development of the brain midline and have important clinical implications for BAF complex-related ID/neurodevelopmental disorders. Why and how mutations in genes encoding BAF complex components lead to distinct disease entitites remains unresolved. In this study, authors establish the first Smarcb1 mutant mouse model with multiple brain abnormalities recapitulating human Coffin–Siris syndrome and show that one prominent midline abnormality, corpus callosum agenesis, is due to midline glia aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Filatova
- Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Linda K Rey
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Marion B Lechler
- Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Jörg Schaper
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Renata Posmyk
- Podlaskie Medical Centre "GENETICS" Bialystok and Department of Perinatology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-276, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szczaluba
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University Warsaw, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Gijs W E Santen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Ulrike A Nuber
- Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany.
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26
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Hickey SL, Berto S, Konopka G. Chromatin Decondensation by FOXP2 Promotes Human Neuron Maturation and Expression of Neurodevelopmental Disease Genes. Cell Rep 2019; 27:1699-1711.e9. [PMID: 31067457 PMCID: PMC6794152 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) is a transcription factor expressed in the human brain that peaks during fetal development, and disruption in its ability to regulate downstream target genes leads to vulnerability to neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the mechanisms by which FOXP2 exerts regulatory control over targets during neuronal maturation have not been fully elucidated. Here, we use genome-wide chromatin accessibility assays and transcriptome-wide expression analyses in differentiating human neurons to show that FOXP2 represses proliferation-promoting genes in a DNA-binding-dependent manner. In contrast, FOXP2 and its cofactors, NFIA and NFIB, activate neuronal maturation genes in a manner that does not require FOXP2 to interact with DNA directly. Moreover, comparisons with expression data from the developing human brain suggest that FOXP2 and NFIA- or NFIB-dependent chromatin alterations drive maturation of excitatory cortical neurons. Thus, FOXP2 and its NFI cofactors may be specifically important for the development of cortical circuits underlying neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Hickey
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Stefano Berto
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Genevieve Konopka
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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27
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NFIA is a gliogenic switch enabling rapid derivation of functional human astrocytes from pluripotent stem cells. Nat Biotechnol 2019; 37:267-275. [PMID: 30804533 PMCID: PMC6591152 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic basis of gliogenesis, which occurs late in human development, is poorly understood. Here we identify nuclear factor IA (NFIA) as a molecular switch for inducing human glial competency. Transient expression of NFIA is sufficient to trigger glial competency of human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells within 5 days and to convert these cells into astrocytes in the presence of glial-promoting factors, compared to 3–6 months using current protocols. NFIA-induced astrocytes promote synaptogenesis, exhibit neuroprotective properties, display calcium transients in response to appropriate stimuli, and engraft in the adult mouse brain. Differentiation involves rapid but reversible chromatin remodeling, GFAP promoter demethylation, and a striking lengthening of the G1 cell cycle phase. Genetic or pharmacological manipulation of G1 length partially mimics NFIA function. We use the approach to generate astrocytes with region-specific or reactive features. Our study defines key mechanisms of the gliogenic switch and enables the rapid production of human astrocytes for disease modeling and regenerative medicine.
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28
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Scavuzzo MA, Chmielowiec J, Yang D, Wamble K, Chaboub LS, Duraine L, Tepe B, Glasgow SM, Arenkiel BR, Brou C, Deneen B, Borowiak M. Pancreatic Cell Fate Determination Relies on Notch Ligand Trafficking by NFIA. Cell Rep 2018; 25:3811-3827.e7. [PMID: 30590051 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch is activated globally in pancreatic progenitors; however, for progenitors to differentiate into endocrine cells, they must escape Notch activation to express Neurogenin-3. Here, we find that the transcription factor nuclear factor I/A (NFIA) promotes endocrine development by regulating Notch ligand Dll1 trafficking. Pancreatic deletion of NFIA leads to cell fate defects, with increased duct and decreased endocrine formation, while ectopic expression promotes endocrine formation in mice and human pancreatic progenitors. NFIA-deficient mice exhibit dysregulation of trafficking-related genes including increased expression of Mib1, which acts to target Dll1 for endocytosis. We find that NFIA binds to the Mib1 promoter, with loss of NFIA leading to an increase in Dll1 internalization and enhanced Notch activation with rescue of the cell fate defects after Mib1 knockdown. This study reveals NFIA as a pro-endocrine factor in the pancreas, acting to repress Mib1, inhibit Dll1 endocytosis and thus promote escape from Notch activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A Scavuzzo
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jolanta Chmielowiec
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Diane Yang
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Katrina Wamble
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lesley S Chaboub
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lita Duraine
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Burak Tepe
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stacey M Glasgow
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin R Arenkiel
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christel Brou
- Department of Cell Biology and Infection, Institute Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Malgorzata Borowiak
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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29
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Schanze I, Bunt J, Lim JWC, Schanze D, Dean RJ, Alders M, Blanchet P, Attié-Bitach T, Berland S, Boogert S, Boppudi S, Bridges CJ, Cho MT, Dobyns WB, Donnai D, Douglas J, Earl DL, Edwards TJ, Faivre L, Fregeau B, Genevieve D, Gérard M, Gatinois V, Holder-Espinasse M, Huth SF, Izumi K, Kerr B, Lacaze E, Lakeman P, Mahida S, Mirzaa GM, Morgan SM, Nowak C, Peeters H, Petit F, Pilz DT, Puechberty J, Reinstein E, Rivière JB, Santani AB, Schneider A, Sherr EH, Smith-Hicks C, Wieland I, Zackai E, Zhao X, Gronostajski RM, Zenker M, Richards LJ. NFIB Haploinsufficiency Is Associated with Intellectual Disability and Macrocephaly. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:752-768. [PMID: 30388402 PMCID: PMC6218805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor I (NFI) family of transcription factors play an important role in normal development of multiple organs. Three NFI family members are highly expressed in the brain, and deletions or sequence variants in two of these, NFIA and NFIX, have been associated with intellectual disability (ID) and brain malformations. NFIB, however, has not previously been implicated in human disease. Here, we present a cohort of 18 individuals with mild ID and behavioral issues who are haploinsufficient for NFIB. Ten individuals harbored overlapping microdeletions of the chromosomal 9p23-p22.2 region, ranging in size from 225 kb to 4.3 Mb. Five additional subjects had point sequence variations creating a premature termination codon, and three subjects harbored single-nucleotide variations resulting in an inactive protein as determined using an in vitro reporter assay. All individuals presented with additional variable neurodevelopmental phenotypes, including muscular hypotonia, motor and speech delay, attention deficit disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and behavioral abnormalities. While structural brain anomalies, including dysgenesis of corpus callosum, were variable, individuals most frequently presented with macrocephaly. To determine whether macrocephaly could be a functional consequence of NFIB disruption, we analyzed a cortex-specific Nfib conditional knockout mouse model, which is postnatally viable. Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging and histology, we demonstrate that Nfib conditional knockout mice have enlargement of the cerebral cortex but preservation of overall brain structure and interhemispheric connectivity. Based on our findings, we propose that haploinsufficiency of NFIB causes ID with macrocephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Jens Bunt
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Jonathan W C Lim
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Ryan J Dean
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Marielle Alders
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia Blanchet
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Tania Attié-Bitach
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Congenital Malformations, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité and Imagine Institute, Paris 75015, France
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Steven Boogert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Sangamitra Boppudi
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Caitlin J Bridges
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | | | - William B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Washington and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences School of Biological Sciences, and University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Jessica Douglas
- Boston Children's Hospital - The Feingold Center, Waltham, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dawn L Earl
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Timothy J Edwards
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; The Faculty of Medicine Brisbane, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Laurence Faivre
- UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21079, France; Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est et FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon 21079, France
| | - Brieana Fregeau
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David Genevieve
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Marion Gérard
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Caen - Hôpital Clémenceau, Caen Cedex 14000, France
| | - Vincent Gatinois
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Muriel Holder-Espinasse
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille 59000, France; Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Samuel F Huth
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences School of Biological Sciences, and University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Elodie Lacaze
- Department of genetics, Le Havre Hospital, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Phillis Lakeman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Sonal Mahida
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ghayda M Mirzaa
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Washington and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Sian M Morgan
- All Wales Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Catherine Nowak
- Boston Children's Hospital - The Feingold Center, Waltham, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hilde Peeters
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Florence Petit
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Daniela T Pilz
- West of Scotland Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Jacques Puechberty
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Eyal Reinstein
- Medical Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba 4428164, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Jean-Baptiste Rivière
- UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21079, France; Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est et FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon 21079, France; Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Avni B Santani
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anouck Schneider
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Elliott H Sherr
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Ilse Wieland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard M Gronostajski
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
| | - Linda J Richards
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Faculty of Medicine Brisbane, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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30
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Brun M, Jain S, Monckton EA, Godbout R. Nuclear Factor I Represses the Notch Effector HEY1 in Glioblastoma. Neoplasia 2018; 20:1023-1037. [PMID: 30195713 PMCID: PMC6138789 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are highly aggressive brain tumors with a dismal prognosis. Nuclear factor I (NFI) is a family of transcription factors that controls glial cell differentiation in the developing central nervous system. NFIs have previously been shown to regulate the expression of astrocyte markers such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in both normal brain and GBM cells. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)–on-chip to identify additional NFI targets in GBM cells. Analysis of our ChIP data revealed ~400 putative NFI target genes including an effector of the Notch signaling pathway, HEY1, implicated in the maintenance of neural stem cells. All four NFIs (NFIA, NFIB, NFIC, and NFIX) bind to NFI recognition sites located within 1 kb upstream of the HEY1 transcription site. We further showed that NFI negatively regulates HEY1 expression, with knockdown of all four NFIs in GBM cells resulting in increased HEY1 RNA levels. HEY1 knockdown in GBM cells decreased cell proliferation, increased cell migration, and decreased neurosphere formation. Finally, we found a general correlation between elevated levels of HEY1 and expression of the brain neural stem/progenitor cell marker B-FABP in GBM cell lines. Knockdown of HEY1 resulted in an increase in the RNA levels of the GFAP astrocyte differentiation marker. Overall, our data indicate that HEY1 is negatively regulated by NFI family members and is associated with increased proliferation, decreased migration, and increased stem cell properties in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Brun
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1Z2
| | - Saket Jain
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1Z2
| | - Elizabeth A Monckton
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1Z2
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1Z2.
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31
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Familial craniofacial abnormality and polymicrogyria associated with a microdeletion affecting the NFIA gene. Clin Dysmorphol 2018; 26:148-153. [PMID: 28452798 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Abstract
In 1993, Jabs et al. were the first to describe a genetic origin of craniosynostosis. Since this discovery, the genetic causes of the most common syndromes have been described. In 2015, a total of 57 human genes were reported for which there had been evidence that mutations were causally related to craniosynostosis. Facilitated by rapid technological developments, many others have been identified since then. Reviewing the literature, we characterize the most common craniosynostosis syndromes followed by a description of the novel causes that were identified between January 2015 and December 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A C Goos
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene M J Mathijssen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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33
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Adnani L, Han S, Li S, Mattar P, Schuurmans C. Mechanisms of Cortical Differentiation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 336:223-320. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19p13 microduplications encompassing NFIX are responsible for intellectual disability, short stature and small head circumference. Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 26:85-93. [PMID: 29184170 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-017-0037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndromes caused by copy number variations are described as reciprocal when they result from deletions or duplications of the same chromosomal region. When comparing the phenotypes of these syndromes, various clinical features could be described as reversed, probably due to the opposite effect of these imbalances on the expression of genes located at this locus. The NFIX gene codes for a transcription factor implicated in neurogenesis and chondrocyte differentiation. Microdeletions and loss of function variants of NFIX are responsible for Sotos syndrome-2 (also described as Malan syndrome), a syndromic form of intellectual disability associated with overgrowth and macrocephaly. Here, we report a cohort of nine patients harboring microduplications encompassing NFIX. These patients exhibit variable intellectual disability, short stature and small head circumference, which can be described as a reversed Sotos syndrome-2 phenotype. Strikingly, such a reversed phenotype has already been described in patients harboring microduplications encompassing NSD1, the gene whose deletions and loss-of-function variants are responsible for classical Sotos syndrome. Even though the type/contre-type concept has been criticized, this model seems to give a plausible explanation for the pathogenicity of 19p13 microduplications, and the common phenotype observed in our cohort.
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Bunt J, Osinski JM, Lim JW, Vidovic D, Ye Y, Zalucki O, O'Connor TR, Harris L, Gronostajski RM, Richards LJ, Piper M. Combined allelic dosage of Nfia and Nfib regulates cortical development. Brain Neurosci Adv 2017; 1:2398212817739433. [PMID: 32166136 PMCID: PMC7058261 DOI: 10.1177/2398212817739433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nuclear factor I family members nuclear factor I A and nuclear factor I B play important roles during cerebral cortical development. Nuclear factor I A and nuclear factor I B regulate similar biological processes, as their expression patterns, regulation of target genes and individual knockout phenotypes overlap. We hypothesised that the combined allelic loss of Nfia and Nfib would culminate in more severe defects in the cerebral cortex than loss of a single member. Methods: We combined immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation, gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry on knockout mouse models to investigate whether nuclear factor I A and nuclear factor I B function similarly and whether increasing allelic loss of Nfia and Nfib caused a more severe phenotype. Results: We determined that the biological functions of nuclear factor I A and nuclear factor I B overlap during early cortical development. These proteins are co-expressed and can form heterodimers in vivo. Differentially regulated genes that are shared between Nfia and Nfib knockout mice are highly enriched for nuclear factor I binding sites in their promoters and are associated with neurodevelopment. We found that compound heterozygous deletion of both genes resulted in a cortical phenotype similar to that of single homozygous Nfia or Nfib knockout embryos. This was characterised by retention of the interhemispheric fissure, dysgenesis of the corpus callosum and a malformed dentate gyrus. Double homozygous knockout of Nfia and Nfib resulted in a more severe phenotype, with increased ventricular enlargement and decreased numbers of differentiated glia and neurons. Conclusion: In the developing cerebral cortex, nuclear factor I A and nuclear factor I B share similar biological functions and function additively, as the combined allelic loss of these genes directly correlates with the severity of the developmental brain phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bunt
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jason M Osinski
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan Wc Lim
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Diana Vidovic
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yunan Ye
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Oressia Zalucki
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Timothy R O'Connor
- School of Chemical and Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lachlan Harris
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard M Gronostajski
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Linda J Richards
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Piper
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Keeley PW, Reese BE. DNER and NFIA are expressed by developing and mature AII amacrine cells in the mouse retina. J Comp Neurol 2017; 526:467-479. [PMID: 29071714 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study has taken advantage of publicly available cell type specific mRNA expression databases in order to identify potential genes participating in the development of retinal AII amacrine cells. We profile two such genes, Delta/Notch-like EGF repeat containing (Dner) and nuclear factor I/A (Nfia), that are each heavily expressed in AII amacrine cells in the mature mouse retina, and which conjointly identify this retinal cell population in its entirety when using antibodies to DNER and NFIA. DNER is present on the plasma membrane, while NFIA is confined to the nucleus, consistent with known functions of each of these two proteins. DNER also identifies some other subsets of retinal ganglion and amacrine cell types, along with horizontal cells, while NFIA identifies a subset of bipolar cells as well as Muller glia and astrocytes. During early postnatal development, NFIA labels astrocytes on the day of birth, AII amacrine cells at postnatal (P) day 5, and Muller glia by P10, when horizontal cells also transiently exhibit NFIA immunofluorescence. DNER, by contrast, is present in ganglion and amacrine cells on P1, also labeling the horizontal cells by P10. Developing AII amacrine cells exhibit accumulating DNER labeling at the dendritic stalk, labeling that becomes progressively conspicuous by P10, as it is in maturity. This developmental time course is consistent with a prospective role for each gene in the differentiation of AII amacrine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Keeley
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Benjamin E Reese
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California.,Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California
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Transcriptional regulation of Nfix by NFIB drives astrocytic maturation within the developing spinal cord. Dev Biol 2017; 432:286-297. [PMID: 29106906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
During mouse spinal cord development, ventricular zone progenitor cells transition from producing neurons to producing glia at approximately embryonic day 11.5, a process known as the gliogenic switch. The transcription factors Nuclear Factor I (NFI) A and B initiate this developmental transition, but the contribution of a third NFI member, NFIX, remains unknown. Here, we reveal that ventricular zone progenitor cells within the spinal cord express NFIX after the onset of NFIA and NFIB expression, and after the gliogenic switch has occurred. Mice lacking NFIX exhibit normal neurogenesis within the spinal cord, and, while early astrocytic differentiation proceeds normally, aspects of terminal astrocytic differentiation are impaired. Finally, we report that, in the absence of Nfia or Nfib, there is a marked reduction in the spinal cord expression of NFIX, and that NFIB can transcriptionally activate Nfix expression in vitro. These data demonstrate that NFIX is part of the downstream transcriptional program through which NFIA and NFIB coordinate gliogenesis within the spinal cord. This hierarchical organisation of NFI protein expression and function during spinal cord gliogenesis reveals a previously unrecognised auto-regulatory mechanism within this gene family.
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38
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Abstract
Tooth is made of an enamel-covered crown and a cementum-covered root. Studies on crown dentin formation have been a major focus in tooth development for several decades. Interestingly, the population prevalence for genetic short root anomaly (SRA) with no apparent defects in crown is close to 1.3%. Furthermore, people with SRA itself are predisposed to root resorption during orthodontic treatment. The discovery of the unique role of Nfic (nuclear factor I C; a transcriptional factor) in controlling root but not crown dentin formation points to a new concept: tooth crown and root have different control mechanisms. Further genetic mechanism studies have identified more key molecules (including Osterix, β-catenin, and sonic hedgehog) that play a critical role in root formation. Extensive studies have also revealed the critical role of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath in tooth root formation. In addition, Wnt10a has recently been found to be linked to multirooted tooth furcation formation. These exciting findings not only fill the critical gaps in our understanding about tooth root formation but will aid future research regarding the identifying factors controlling tooth root size and the generation of a whole "bio-tooth" for therapeutic purposes. This review starts with human SRA and mainly focuses on recent progress on the roles of NFIC-dependent and NFIC-independent signaling pathways in tooth root formation. Finally, this review includes a list of the various Cre transgenic mouse lines used to achieve tooth root formation-related gene deletion or overexpression, as well as strengths and limitations of each line.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- 1 Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Q Feng
- 1 Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
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39
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The convergent roles of the nuclear factor I transcription factors in development and cancer. Cancer Lett 2017; 410:124-138. [PMID: 28962832 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor I (NFI) transcription factors play important roles during normal development and have been associated with developmental abnormalities in humans. All four family members, NFIA, NFIB, NFIC and NFIX, have a homologous DNA binding domain and function by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation via the transcriptional control of their target genes. More recently, NFI genes have also been implicated in cancer based on genomic analyses and studies of animal models in a variety of tumours across multiple organ systems. However, the association between their functions in development and in cancer is not well described. In this review, we summarise the evidence suggesting a converging role for the NFI genes in development and cancer. Our review includes all cancer types in which the NFI genes are implicated, focusing predominantly on studies demonstrating their oncogenic or tumour-suppressive potential. We conclude by presenting the challenges impeding our understanding of NFI function in cancer biology, and demonstrate how a developmental perspective may contribute towards overcoming such hurdles.
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40
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Revah-Politi A, Ganapathi M, Bier L, Cho MT, Goldstein DB, Hemati P, Iglesias A, Juusola J, Pappas J, Petrovski S, Wilson AL, Aggarwal VS, Anyane-Yeboa K. Loss-of-function variants in NFIA provide further support that NFIA is a critical gene in 1p32-p31 deletion syndrome: A four patient series. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:3158-3164. [PMID: 28941020 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The association between 1p32-p31 contiguous gene deletions and a distinct phenotype that includes anomalies of the corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly, developmental delay, seizures, and dysmorphic features has been long recognized and described. Recently, the observation of overlapping phenotypes in patients with chromosome translocations that disrupt NFIA (Nuclear factor I/A), a gene within this deleted region, and NFIA intragenic deletions has led to the hypothesis that NFIA is a critical gene within this region. The wide application and increasing accessibility of whole exome sequencing (WES) has helped identify new cases to support this hypothesis. Here, we describe four patients with loss-of-function variants in the NFIA gene identified through WES. The clinical presentation of these patients significantly overlaps with the phenotype described in previously reported cases of 1p32-p31 deletion syndrome, NFIA gene disruptions and intragenic NFIA deletions. Our cohort includes a mother and daughter as well as an unrelated individual who share the same nonsense variant (c.205C>T, p.Arg69Ter; NM_001145512.1). We also report a patient with a frameshift NFIA variant (c.159_160dupCC, p.Gln54ProfsTer49). We have compared published cases of 1p32-p31 microdeletion syndrome, translocations resulting in NFIA gene disruption, intragenic deletions, and loss-of-function mutations (including our four patients) to reveal that abnormalities of the corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly/hydrocephalus, macrocephaly, Chiari I malformation, dysmorphic features, developmental delay, hypotonia, and urinary tract defects are common findings. The consistent overlap in clinical presentation provides further evidence of the critical role of NFIA haploinsufficiency in the development of the 1p32-p31 microdeletion syndrome phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya Revah-Politi
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mythily Ganapathi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Louise Bier
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - David B Goldstein
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Parisa Hemati
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alejandro Iglesias
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), New York, New York
| | | | - John Pappas
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Slavé Petrovski
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Austin Health and Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ashley L Wilson
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of New York-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Vimla S Aggarwal
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kwame Anyane-Yeboa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), New York, New York
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41
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NFIA co-localizes with PPARγ and transcriptionally controls the brown fat gene program. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 19:1081-1092. [PMID: 28812581 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brown fat dissipates energy as heat and protects against obesity. Here, we identified nuclear factor I-A (NFIA) as a transcriptional regulator of brown fat by a genome-wide open chromatin analysis of murine brown and white fat followed by motif analysis of brown-fat-specific open chromatin regions. NFIA and the master transcriptional regulator of adipogenesis, PPARγ, co-localize at the brown-fat-specific enhancers. Moreover, the binding of NFIA precedes and facilitates the binding of PPARγ, leading to increased chromatin accessibility and active transcription. Introduction of NFIA into myoblasts results in brown adipocyte differentiation. Conversely, the brown fat of NFIA-knockout mice displays impaired expression of the brown-fat-specific genes and reciprocal elevation of muscle genes. Finally, expression of NFIA and the brown-fat-specific genes is positively correlated in human brown fat. These results indicate that NFIA activates the cell-type-specific enhancers and facilitates the binding of PPARγ to control the brown fat gene program.
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42
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Becker-Santos DD, Lonergan KM, Gronostajski RM, Lam WL. Nuclear Factor I/B: A Master Regulator of Cell Differentiation with Paradoxical Roles in Cancer. EBioMedicine 2017; 22:2-9. [PMID: 28596133 PMCID: PMC5552107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that nuclear factor I/B (NFIB), a transcription factor required for proper development and regulation of cellular differentiation in several tissues, also plays critical roles in cancer. Despite being a metastatic driver in small cell lung cancer and melanoma, it has become apparent that NFIB also exhibits tumour suppressive functions in many malignancies. The contradictory contributions of NFIB to both the inhibition and promotion of tumour development and progression, corroborates its diverse and context-dependent roles in many tissues and cell types. Considering the frequent involvement of NFIB in cancer, a better understanding of its multifaceted nature may ultimately benefit the development of novel strategies for the management of a broad spectrum of malignancies. Here we discuss recent findings which bring to light NFIB as a crucial and paradoxical player in cancer. NFIB, a versatile regulator of cell differentiation, is emerging as a crucial driver of cancer metastasis. Paradoxically, NFIB also exhibits tumour suppressive functions in several cancer types. A deeper understanding of the multifaceted and context-dependent nature of NFIB has the potential to improve the clinical management of a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana D Becker-Santos
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Kim M Lonergan
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Richard M Gronostajski
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Wan L Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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43
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Chen KS, Harris L, Lim JWC, Harvey TJ, Piper M, Gronostajski RM, Richards LJ, Bunt J. Differential neuronal and glial expression of nuclear factor I proteins in the cerebral cortex of adult mice. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:2465-2483. [PMID: 28295292 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor I (NFI) family of transcription factors plays an important role in the development of the cerebral cortex in humans and mice. Disruption of nuclear factor IA (NFIA), nuclear factor IB (NFIB), or nuclear factor IX (NFIX) results in abnormal development of the corpus callosum, lateral ventricles, and hippocampus. However, the expression or function of these genes has not been examined in detail in the adult brain, and the cell type-specific expression of NFIA, NFIB, and NFIX is currently unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of each NFI protein shows a distinct laminar pattern in the adult mouse neocortex and that their cell type-specific expression differs depending on the family member. NFIA expression was more frequently observed in astrocytes and oligodendroglia, whereas NFIB expression was predominantly localized to astrocytes and neurons. NFIX expression was most commonly observed in neurons. The NFI proteins were equally distributed within microglia, and the ependymal cells lining the ventricles of the brain expressed all three proteins. In the hippocampus, the NFI proteins were expressed during all stages of neural stem cell differentiation in the dentate gyrus, with higher expression intensity in neuroblast cells as compared to quiescent stem cells and mature granule neurons. These findings suggest that the NFI proteins may play distinct roles in cell lineage specification or maintenance, and establish the basis for further investigation of their function in the adult brain and their emerging role in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Siong Chen
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lachlan Harris
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan W C Lim
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tracey J Harvey
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Piper
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard M Gronostajski
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Linda J Richards
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jens Bunt
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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44
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Myeloid Cell-Specific Knockout of NFI-A Improves Sepsis Survival. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00066-17. [PMID: 28167668 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00066-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid progenitor-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) arise from myeloid progenitors and suppress both innate and adaptive immunity. MDSCs expand during the later phases of sepsis in mice, promote immunosuppression, and reduce survival. Here, we report that the myeloid differentiation-related transcription factor nuclear factor I-A (NFI-A) controls MDSC expansion during sepsis and impacts survival. Unlike MDSCs, myeloid cells with conditional deletion of the Nfia gene normally differentiated into effector cells during sepsis, cleared infecting bacteria, and did not express immunosuppressive mediators. In contrast, ectopic expression of NFI-A in myeloid progenitors from NFI-A myeloid cell-deficient mice impeded myeloid cell maturation and promoted immune repressor function. Importantly, surviving septic mice with conditionally deficient NFI-A myeloid cells were able to respond to challenge with bacterial endotoxin by mounting an acute inflammatory response. Together, these results support the concept of NFI-A as a master molecular transcriptome switch that controls myeloid cell differentiation and maturation and that malfunction of this switch during sepsis promotes MDSC expansion that adversely impacts sepsis outcome.
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45
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Gray LT, Yao Z, Nguyen TN, Kim TK, Zeng H, Tasic B. Layer-specific chromatin accessibility landscapes reveal regulatory networks in adult mouse visual cortex. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28112643 PMCID: PMC5325622 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cortex is a laminar structure, with each layer composed of a characteristic set of cell types with different morphological, electrophysiological, and connectional properties. Here, we define chromatin accessibility landscapes of major, layer-specific excitatory classes of neurons, and compare them to each other and to inhibitory cortical neurons using the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq). We identify a large number of layer-specific accessible sites, and significant association with genes that are expressed in specific cortical layers. Integration of these data with layer-specific transcriptomic profiles and transcription factor binding motifs enabled us to construct a regulatory network revealing potential key layer-specific regulators, including Cux1/2, Foxp2, Nfia, Pou3f2, and Rorb. This dataset is a valuable resource for identifying candidate layer-specific cis-regulatory elements in adult mouse cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas T Gray
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, United States
| | - Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Tae Kyung Kim
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, United States
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, United States
| | - Bosiljka Tasic
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, United States
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46
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Singh PNP, Yadav US, Azad K, Goswami P, Kinare V, Bandyopadhyay A. NFIA and GATA3, critical regulators of embryonic articular cartilage differentiation. Development 2017; 145:dev.156554. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.156554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
During appendicular skeletal development, the bi-potential cartilage anlagen gives rise to transient cartilage, which is eventually replaced by bone, and articular cartilage which caps the ends of individual skeletal elements. While the molecular mechanism that regulates transient cartilage differentiation is relatively better understood, the mechanism of articular cartilage differentiation has only begun to be unraveled. Further, the molecules that coordinate articular and transient cartilage differentiation processes are very poorly understood. Here, we have characterized the regulatory roles of two transcription factors, NFIA and GATA3 in articular cartilage differentiation, maintenance and the coordinated differentiation of articular and transient cartilage. Both NFIA and GATA3 block hypertrophic differentiation. Our results suggest that NFIA is not sufficient but necessary for articular cartilage differentiation. On the other hand, while ectopic activation of GATA3 promotes articular cartilage differentiation, inhibition of GATA3 activity promotes transient cartilage differentiation at the expense of articular cartilage. Finally, we propose a novel transcriptional circuitry involved in embryonic articular cartilage differentiation, maintenance and its cross-talk with transient cartilage differentiation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Narendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, U.P. 208016, India
- Current address: Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Upendra Singh Yadav
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, U.P. 208016, India
| | - Kimi Azad
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, U.P. 208016, India
- Current address: Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, HauzKhas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Pooja Goswami
- Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar – 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Veena Kinare
- Department of Lifesciences, Sophia College for Women, Bhulabhai Desai Road, Mumbai - 400026, India
| | - Amitabha Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, U.P. 208016, India
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47
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O’Connor L, Gilmour J, Bonifer C. The Role of the Ubiquitously Expressed Transcription Factor Sp1 in Tissue-specific Transcriptional Regulation and in Disease. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 89:513-525. [PMID: 28018142 PMCID: PMC5168829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sp1 belongs to the 26 member strong Sp/KLF family of transcription factors. It is a paradigm for a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor and is involved in regulating the expression of genes associated with a wide range of cellular processes in mammalian cells. Sp1 can interact with a range of proteins, including other transcription factors, members of the transcription initiation complex and epigenetic regulators, enabling tight regulation of its target genes. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms involved in Sp1-mediated transcriptional regulation, as well as how a ubiquitous transcription factor can be involved in establishing a tissue-specific pattern of gene expression and mechanisms by which its activity may be regulated. We also consider the role of Sp1 in human diseases, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh O’Connor
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Jane Gilmour
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
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Cell-type-specific expression of NFIX in the developing and adult cerebellum. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 222:2251-2270. [PMID: 27878595 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1340-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors from the nuclear factor one (NFI) family have been shown to play a central role in regulating neural progenitor cell differentiation within the embryonic and post-natal brain. NFIA and NFIB, for instance, promote the differentiation and functional maturation of granule neurons within the cerebellum. Mice lacking Nfix exhibit delays in the development of neuronal and glial lineages within the cerebellum, but the cell-type-specific expression of this transcription factor remains undefined. Here, we examined the expression of NFIX, together with various cell-type-specific markers, within the developing and adult cerebellum using both chromogenic immunohistochemistry and co-immunofluorescence labelling and confocal microscopy. In embryos, NFIX was expressed by progenitor cells within the rhombic lip and ventricular zone. After birth, progenitor cells within the external granule layer, as well as migrating and mature granule neurons, expressed NFIX. Within the adult cerebellum, NFIX displayed a broad expression profile, and was evident within granule cells, Bergmann glia, and interneurons, but not within Purkinje neurons. Furthermore, transcriptomic profiling of cerebellar granule neuron progenitor cells showed that multiple splice variants of Nfix are expressed within this germinal zone of the post-natal brain. Collectively, these data suggest that NFIX plays a role in regulating progenitor cell biology within the embryonic and post-natal cerebellum, as well as an ongoing role within multiple neuronal and glial populations within the adult cerebellum.
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Rivera-Pedroza CI, Barraza-García J, Paumard-Hernández B, Nevado J, Orbea-Gallardo C, Sánchez Del Pozo J, Heath KE. Chromosome 1p31.1p31.3 Deletion in a Patient with Craniosynostosis, Central Nervous System and Renal Malformation: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Mol Syndromol 2016; 8:30-35. [PMID: 28232780 DOI: 10.1159/000452609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial deletions in the short arm of chromosome 1 are infrequent. We report a female with a 1p31.1p31.3 deletion and cloverleaf skull, who presented with renal and central nervous system malformations, cleft palate, severe ocular anomalies, and cutis laxa, in addition to the previously described clinical data present in other cases with deletions encompassing this region, such as developmental delay, seizures, round face with a prominent nose, micro/retrognathia, half-opened mouth, short neck, hand/foot malformations, hernia, congenital heart malformations, and abnormal external genitalia. The deletion spanned ∼18.6 Mb and included a total of 68 OMIM protein coding genes. We have reviewed 17 cases previously described in the literature and in DECIPHER involving the chromosomal region 1p31.1p31.3. Only 3 of these affect the whole region, 9 are partial deletions of this region, and 5 are much smaller deletions. Taking into account the MORBID ID and the haploinsufficiency score of the genes, we go on to propose which genes may explain particular clinical features observed in the patient. IL23R may be responsible for the craniosynostosis, FOXD2 for the renal anomalies, LHX8 for closure defects of the palate, and ST6GALNAC3 for skin anomalies. In summary, we have identified a chromosome 1p31.1p31.3 deletion in a patient with an atypical presentation of craniosynostosis amongst other more typical features observed in individuals with similar deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos I Rivera-Pedroza
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Multidisciplinary Unit for Skeletal Dysplasias (UMDE), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jimena Barraza-García
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Multidisciplinary Unit for Skeletal Dysplasias (UMDE), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos III, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Paumard-Hernández
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Nevado
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos III, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Karen E Heath
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Multidisciplinary Unit for Skeletal Dysplasias (UMDE), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos III, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Zbtb20 promotes astrocytogenesis during neocortical development. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11102. [PMID: 27000654 PMCID: PMC4804180 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent neural precursor cells (NPCs) generate astrocytes at late stages of mammalian neocortical development. Many signalling pathways that regulate astrocytogenesis directly induce the expression of GFAP, a marker of terminally differentiated astrocytes. However, astrocyte specification occurs before GFAP expression and essential factors for the specification step have remained elusive. Here we show that Zbtb20 regulates astrocyte specification in the mouse neocortex. Zbtb20 is highly expressed in late-stage NPCs and their astrocytic progeny. Overexpression and knockdown of Zbtb20 promote and suppress astrocytogenesis, respectively, although Zbtb20 does not directly activate the Gfap promoter. Astrocyte induction by Zbtb20 is suppressed by knockdown of Sox9 or NFIA. Furthermore, in the astrocyte lineage, Zbtb20 directly represses the expression of Brn2, which encodes a protein necessary for upper-layer neuron specification. Zbtb20 is thus a key determinant of astrocytogenesis, in which it collaborates with Sox9 and NFIA, and acts in part through direct repression of Brn2 expression. Astrocytes in the brain are derived from neural precursor cells (NPCs). Here, Motoshi Nagao and colleagues show that the transcription repressor Zbtb20 regulates astrocyte specification in the mouse neocortex.
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