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Li Y, Gao S, Guo Z, Chen Z, Wei Y, Li Y, Ba Y, Liu Z, Bao H. Screening of potential drugs for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease using single-cell transcriptome sequencing and connectivity map data. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 725:150263. [PMID: 38905995 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of screening potential drugs for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) using a single-cell transcriptome sequencing dataset and Connectivity Map (CMap) database screening. METHODS A DKD single-nucleus transcriptome sequencing dataset was analyzed using Seurat 4.0 to obtain specific podocyte subclusters and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to DKD. These DEGs were subsequently subjected to a search against the CMap database to screen for drug candidates. Cell and animal experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the top 3 drug candidates. RESULTS Initially, we analyzed the DKD single-nucleus transcriptome sequencing dataset to obtain intrinsic renal cells such as podocytes, endothelial cells, mesangial cells, proximal tubular cells, collecting duct cells and immune cells. Podocytes were further divided into four subclusters, among which the proportion of POD_1 podcytes was significantly greater in DKD kidneys than in control kidneys (34.0 % vs. 3.4 %). The CMap database was searched using the identified DEGs in the POD_1 subcluster, and the drugs, including tozasertib, paroxetine, and xylazine, were obtained. Cell-based experiments showed that tozasertib, paroxetine and xylazine had no significant podocyte toxicity in the concentration range of 0.01-50 μM. Tozasertib, paroxetine, and xylazine all reversed the advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced decrease in podocyte marker levels, but the effect of paroxetine was more prominent. Animal experiments showed that paroxetine decreased urine ALB/Cr levels in DKD model mice by approximately 51.5 % (115.7 mg/g vs. 238.8 mg/g, P < 0.05). Histopathological assessment revealed that paroxetine attenuated basement membrane thickening, restored the number of foot processes of podocytes, and reduced foot process fusion. In addition, paroxetine also attenuated renal tubular-interstitial fibrosis. Mechanistically, paroxetine inhibited the expression of GRK2 and NLRP3, decreased the phosphorylation level of p65, restored NRF2 expression, and relieved inflammation and oxidative stress. CONCLUSION This strategy based on single-cell transcriptome sequencing and CMap data can facilitate the identification and aid the rapid development of clinical DKD drugs. Paroxetine, screened by this strategy, has excellent renoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Shaohui Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Zhaochen Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Zige Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Yihan Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Yutong Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Yani Ba
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Hao Bao
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Casey MJ, Chan PP, Li Q, Zu JF, Jette CA, Kohler M, Myers BR, Stewart RA. A simple and scalable zebrafish model of Sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114559. [PMID: 39078737 PMCID: PMC11404834 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children and is stratified into three major subgroups. The Sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup represents ∼30% of all MB cases and has significant survival disparity depending upon TP53 status. Here, we describe a zebrafish model of SHH MB using CRISPR to create mutant ptch1, the primary genetic driver of human SHH MB. In these animals, tumors rapidly arise in the cerebellum and resemble human SHH MB by histology and comparative onco-genomics. Similar to human patients, MB tumors with loss of both ptch1 and tp53 have aggressive tumor histology and significantly worse survival outcomes. The simplicity and scalability of the ptch1-crispant MB model makes it highly amenable to CRISPR-based genome-editing screens to identify genes required for SHH MB tumor formation in vivo, and here we identify the gene encoding Grk3 kinase as one such target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattie J Casey
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Priya P Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT 84113, USA
| | - Qing Li
- High-Throughput Genomics and Cancer Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ju-Fen Zu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Cicely A Jette
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Missia Kohler
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Benjamin R Myers
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Rodney A Stewart
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Cai XM, Sun XY, Li R, Wang PJ, Qiu JC, Ge YX, Yang L. The hippocampal salt-inducible kinase 2-CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 1 system mediates the antidepressant actions of paroxetine in mice. Behav Brain Res 2024; 465:114972. [PMID: 38552744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampal salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2)-CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 1 (CRTC1) system has been demonstrated to participate in not only the pathogenesis of depression but also the antidepressant mechanisms of several antidepressant medications including fluoxetine, paroxetine, and mirtazapine. Like fluoxetine, paroxetine is also a widely used selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Recent studies have indicated that paroxetine also modulates several pharmacological targets other than the 5-HT system. Here, we speculate that paroxetine regulates the hippocampal SIK2-CRTC1 system. Chronic stress models of depression, various behavioral tests, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, and genetic knockdown were used together in the present study. Our results show that the antidepressant actions of paroxetine in mice models of depression were accompanied by its preventing effects against chronic stress on hippocampal SIK2, CRTC1, and CRTC1-CREB binding. In contrast, genetic knockdown of hippocampal CRTC1 notably abrogated the antidepressant effects of paroxetine in mice. In summary, regulating hippocampal SIK2 and CRTC1 participates in the antidepressant mechanism of paroxetine, extending the knowledge of its pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ming Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Pei-Juan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Yu-Xin Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China.
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4
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Casey MJ, Chan PP, Li Q, Jette CA, Kohler M, Myers BR, Stewart RA. A Simple and Scalable Zebrafish Model of Sonic Hedgehog Medulloblastoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.03.577834. [PMID: 38370799 PMCID: PMC10871209 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.03.577834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children and is stratified into three major subgroups. The Sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup represents ~30% of all MB cases and has significant survival disparity depending upon TP53 status. Here, we describe the first zebrafish model of SHH MB using CRISPR to mutate ptch1, the primary genetic driver in human SHH MB. These tumors rapidly arise adjacent to the valvula cerebelli and resemble human SHH MB by histology and comparative genomics. In addition, ptch1-deficient MB tumors with loss of tp53 have aggressive tumor histology and significantly worse survival outcomes, comparable to human patients. The simplicity and scalability of the ptch1 MB model makes it highly amenable to CRISPR-based genome editing screens to identify genes required for SHH MB tumor formation in vivo, and here we identify the grk3 kinase as one such target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattie J. Casey
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Priya P. Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT 84113, USA
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Cicely A. Jette
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Missia Kohler
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Benjamin R. Myers
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Rodney A. Stewart
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Lead contact
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Brazee PL, Cartier A, Kuo A, Haring AM, Nguyen T, Hariri LP, Griffith JW, Hla T, Medoff BD, Knipe RS. Augmentation of Endothelial S1PR1 Attenuates Postviral Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:119-128. [PMID: 37934676 PMCID: PMC10848698 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0286oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections are frequent causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a disabling condition with a mortality of up to 46%. The pulmonary endothelium plays an important role in the development of ARDS as well as the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis; however, the therapeutic potential to modulate endothelium-dependent signaling to prevent deleterious consequences has not been well explored. Here, we used a clinically relevant influenza A virus infection model, endothelial cell-specific transgenic gain-of-function and loss-of-function mice as well as pharmacologic approaches and in vitro modeling, to define the mechanism by which S1PR1 expression is dampened during influenza virus infection and determine whether therapeutic augmentation of S1PR1 has the potential to reduce long-term postviral fibrotic complications. We found that the influenza virus-induced inflammatory milieu promoted internalization of S1PR1, which was pharmacologically inhibited with paroxetine, an inhibitor of GRK2. Moreover, genetic overexpression or administration of paroxetine days after influenza virus infection was sufficient to reduce postviral pulmonary fibrosis. Taken together, our data suggest that endothelial S1PR1 signaling provides critical protection against long-term fibrotic complications after pulmonary viral infection. These findings support the development of antifibrotic strategies that augment S1PR1 expression in virus-induced ARDS to improve long-term patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L. Brazee
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Andreane Cartier
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexis M. Haring
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Trong Nguyen
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Lida P. Hariri
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and
| | - Jason W. Griffith
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin D. Medoff
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Rachel S. Knipe
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
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Meng S, Yu Y, Yu S, Zhu S, Shi M, Xiang M, Ma H. Advances in Metabolic Remodeling and Intervention Strategies in Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:36-55. [PMID: 37843752 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The heart is the most energy-demanding organ throughout the whole body. Perturbations or failure in energy metabolism contributes to heart failure (HF), which represents the advanced stage of various heart diseases. The poor prognosis and huge economic burden associated with HF underscore the high unmet need to explore novel therapies targeting metabolic modulators beyond conventional approaches focused on neurohormonal and hemodynamic regulators. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in metabolic substrate reliance, metabolic pathways, metabolic by-products, and energy production collectively regulate the occurrence and progression of HF. In this review, we provide an overview of cardiac metabolic remodeling, encompassing the utilization of free fatty acids, glucose metabolism, ketone bodies, and branched-chain amino acids both in the physiological condition and heart failure. Most importantly, the latest advances in pharmacological interventions are discussed as a promising therapeutic approach to restore cardiac function, drawing insights from recent basic research, preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Shuo Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Shiyu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Mengjia Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Meixiang Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
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7
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Kiliaris G, El Agha E. InfluenZing Lung Fibrosis: Reinforcing Endothelial Surface Expression of S1PR1 to Attenuate Post-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Lung Remodeling. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:89-90. [PMID: 37967249 PMCID: PMC10848694 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0372ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kiliaris
- Institute for Lung Health Justus-Liebig University Giessen Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- Institute for Lung Health Justus-Liebig University Giessen Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
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8
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Yang X, Zhao Y, Wei Q, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhang W, Liu X, Kuai J, Wang F, Wei W. GRK2 inhibits Flt-1 + macrophage infiltration and its proangiogenic properties in rheumatoid arthritis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:241-255. [PMID: 38261818 PMCID: PMC10792976 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with a complex etiology. Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) infiltration are associated with RA severity. We have reported the deletion of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) reprograms macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype by recovering G-protein-coupled receptor signaling. However, as more GRK2-interacting proteins were discovered, the GRK2 interactome mechanisms in RA have been understudied. Thus, in the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model, we performed genetic GRK2 deletion using GRK2f/fLyz2-Cre+/- mice. Synovial inflammation and M1 polarization were improved in GRK2f/fLyz2-Cre+/- mice. Supporting experiments with RNA-seq and dual-luciferase reporter assays identified peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) as a new GRK2-interacting protein. We further confirmed that fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (Flt-1), which promoted macrophage migration to induce angiogenesis, was inhibited by GRK2-PPARγ signaling. Mechanistically, excess GRK2 membrane recruitment in CIA MDMs reduced the activation of PPARγ ligand-binding domain and enhanced Flt-1 transcription. Furthermore, the treatment of mice with GRK2 activity inhibitor resulted in significantly diminished CIA pathology, Flt-1+ macrophages induced-synovial inflammation, and angiogenesis. Altogether, we anticipate to facilitate the elucidation of previously unappreciated details of GRK2-specific intracellular signaling. Targeting GRK2 activity is a viable strategy to inhibit MDMs infiltration, affording a distinct way to control joint inflammation and angiogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xuemin Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Luping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wankang Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiajie Kuai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Fengling Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
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Zhao K, Nie H, Tang Z, Chen G, Huang J. Paroxetine protects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by blocking GRK2/Smad3 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:10524-10539. [PMID: 37815883 PMCID: PMC10599755 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2) is involved in TGF-β1-induced activation of lung fibroblasts, which could give rise to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Paroxetine (PRXT) serves as a selective GRK2 inhibitor which is widely used to treat anxiety and depression for several decades. However, whether PRXT could inhibit TGF-β1-induced activation of lung fibroblasts and combat bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of PRXT on pulmonary fibrosis in C57/BL6 caused by bleomycin as well as on the activation of murine primary lung fibroblasts stimulated with TGF-β1. The results demonstrated that PRXT markedly improved the pulmonary function and 21-day survival in bleomycin-induced mice. Meanwhile, PRXT significantly decreased collagen deposition, inflammation, and oxidative stress in lung tissues from bleomycin-induced mice. Furthermore, we found that PRXT could inhibit the protein and mRNA expression of GRK2 and Smad3 in lung tissues from bleomycin-induced mice. In vitro experiments also PRXT could inhibit cell activation and collagen synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner in TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblasts. In addition, we found that Smad3 overexpression by adenovirus transfection could offset anti-fibrotic and antioxidative effects from PRXT in TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblasts, which showed no effects on the protein expression of GRK2. In conclusion, PRXT mediates the inhibition of GRK2, which further blocks the transcription of Smad3 in TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblasts, providing an attractive therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaochang Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hanxiang Nie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jizhen Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
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Sun Y, Stenson K, Mohan ML, Gupta MK, Wanner N, Asosingh K, Erzurum S, Naga Prasad SV. Hypoxia Sensing of β-Adrenergic Receptor Is Regulated by Endosomal PI3Kγ. Circ Res 2023; 132:690-703. [PMID: 36779349 PMCID: PMC10023460 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired beta-adrenergic receptor (β1 and β2AR) function following hypoxia underlies ischemic heart failure/stroke. Activation of PI3Kγ (phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ) by beta-adrenergic receptor leads to feedback regulation of the receptor by hindering beta-adrenergic receptor dephosphorylation through inhibition of PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A). However, little is known about PI3Kγ feedback mechanism in regulating hypoxia-mediated β1 and β2AR dysfunction and cardiac remodeling. METHODS Human embryonic kidney 293 cells or mouse adult cardiomyocytes and C57BL/6 (WT) or PI3Kγ knockout (KO) mice were subjected to hypoxia. Cardiac plasma membranes and endosomes were isolated and evaluated for β1 and β2AR density and function, PI3Kγ activity and β1 and β2AR-associated PP2A activity. Metabolic labeling was performed to assess β1 and β2AR phosphorylation and epinephrine/norepinephrine levels measured post-hypoxia. RESULTS Hypoxia increased β1 and β2AR phosphorylation, reduced cAMP, and led to endosomal accumulation of phosphorylated β2ARs in human embryonic kidney 293 cells and WT cardiomyocytes. Acute hypoxia in WT mice resulted in cardiac remodeling and loss of adenylyl cyclase activity associated with increased β1 and β2AR phosphorylation. This was agonist-independent as plasma and cardiac epinephrine and norepinephrine levels were unaltered. Unexpectedly, PI3Kγ activity was selectively increased in the endosomes of human embryonic kidney 293 cells and WT hearts post-hypoxia. Endosomal β1- and β2AR-associated PP2A activity was inhibited upon hypoxia in human embryonic kidney 293 cells and WT hearts showing regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors by PI3Kγ. This was accompanied with phosphorylation of endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A whose phosphorylation by PI3Kγ inhibits PP2A. Increased β1 and β2AR-associated PP2A activity, decreased beta-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation, and normalized cardiac function was observed in PI3Kγ KO mice despite hypoxia. Compared to WT, PI3Kγ KO mice had preserved cardiac response to challenge with β1AR-selective agonist dobutamine post-hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Agonist-independent activation of PI3Kγ underlies hypoxia sensing as its ablation leads to reduction in β1- and β2AR phosphorylation and amelioration of cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Departments of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences (Y.S., K.S., M.L.M., M.K.G., S.V., N.P.), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Kate Stenson
- Departments of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences (Y.S., K.S., M.L.M., M.K.G., S.V., N.P.), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Maradumane L Mohan
- Departments of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences (Y.S., K.S., M.L.M., M.K.G., S.V., N.P.), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Manveen K Gupta
- Departments of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences (Y.S., K.S., M.L.M., M.K.G., S.V., N.P.), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Nick Wanner
- Inflammation and Immunity (N.W., K.A., S.E.), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Kewal Asosingh
- Inflammation and Immunity (N.W., K.A., S.E.), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Serpil Erzurum
- Inflammation and Immunity (N.W., K.A., S.E.), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Sathyamangla V Naga Prasad
- Departments of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences (Y.S., K.S., M.L.M., M.K.G., S.V., N.P.), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
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11
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Chen H, Ouyang L, Wang Y. Targeting GRK2 and GRK5 for treating chronic degenerative diseases: Advances and future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114668. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Ferrero KM, Koch WJ. GRK2 in cardiovascular disease and its potential as a therapeutic target. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 172:14-23. [PMID: 35878706 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the leading cause of death globally. Despite major advances in the field of pharmacological CVD treatments, particularly in the field of heart failure (HF) research, case numbers and overall mortality remain high and have trended upwards over the last few years. Thus, identifying novel molecular targets for developing HF therapeutics remains a key research focus. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are critical myocardial signal transducers which regulate cardiac contractility, growth, adaptation and metabolism. Additionally, GPCR dysregulation underlies multiple models of cardiac pathology, and most pharmacological therapeutics currently used in HF target these receptors. Currently-approved treatments have improved patient outcomes, but therapies to stop or reverse HF are lacking. A recent focus on GPCR intracellular-regulating proteins such as GPCR kinases (GRKs) has uncovered GRK2 as a promising target for combating HF. Current literature strongly establishes increased levels and activity of GRK2 in multiple models of CVD. Additionally, the GRK2 interactome includes numerous proteins which interact with differential domains of GRK2 to modulate both beneficial and deleterious signaling pathways in the heart, indicating that these domains can be targeted with a high level of specificity unique to various cardiac pathologies. These data support the premise that GRK2 should be at the forefront of a novel investigative drug search. This perspective reviews cardiac GPCRs, describes the structure and functions of GRK2 in cardiac function and maladaptive pathology, and summarizes the ongoing and future research for targeting this critical kinase across cellular, animal and human models of cardiac dysfunction and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Ferrero
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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13
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Thapaliya M, Amponnawarat A, Tesmer JJG, Ali H. GRK2 inhibitors, paroxetine and CCG258747, attenuate IgE-mediated anaphylaxis but activate mast cells via MRGPRX2 and MRGPRB2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1032497. [PMID: 36275707 PMCID: PMC9583242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase 2 (GRK2), which phosphorylates agonist-occupied GPCRs to promote their desensitization, has been investigated as an attractive therapeutic target for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Several GRK2-targeted inhibition strategies have been reported including the use of direct pharmacological inhibitors such as paroxetine (a widely prescribed antidepressant) and its analogs such as compound CCG258747. Cross-linking of high affinity IgE receptor (FcϵRI) on mast cells (MCs) and the resulting degranulation causes anaphylaxis and allergic asthma. Using gene silencing strategy, we recently showed that GRK2 contributes to FcεRI signaling and MC degranulation. The purpose of this study was to determine if the GRK2 inhibitors paroxetine and CCG258747 modulate FcεRI-mediated MC responses in vitro and in vivo. Utilizing rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells and primary mouse lung MCs (LMCs), we found that paroxetine and CCG258747 inhibit FcϵRI-mediated calcium mobilization and degranulation. Furthermore, intravenous administration of paroxetine and CCG258747 in mice resulted in substantial reduction of IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Unlike LMCs, human cutaneous MCs abundantly express a novel GPCR known as MRGPRX2 (mouse; MRGPRB2). We found that in contrast to their inhibitory effects on FcεRI-mediated MC responses, both paroxetine and CCG258747 induce calcium mobilization and degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells stably expressing MRGPRX2 but not in untransfected cells. Furthermore, paroxetine and CCG258747 induced degranulation in peritoneal MCs from Wild-type (WT) mice in vitro and caused increased cutaneous vascular permeability in vivo, but these responses were substantially reduced in Mrgprb2-/- mice. Additionally, upon intradermal injection, paroxetine also induced neutrophil recruitment in WT but not Mrgprb2-/- mice. These findings suggest that in addition to their potential therapeutic utility against cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, paroxetine-based GRK2-inhibitors may serve to modulate IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and to enhance cutaneous host defense by harnessing MC's immunomodulatory property through the activation of MRGPRX2/MRGPRB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Thapaliya
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Aetas Amponnawarat
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Family and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - John J. G. Tesmer
- Departments of Biological Sciences and of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Hydar Ali
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Hydar Ali,
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14
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Hung CT, Tsai YW, Wu YS, Yeh CF, Yang KC. The novel role of ER protein TXNDC5 in the pathogenesis of organ fibrosis: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:63. [PMID: 36050716 PMCID: PMC9438287 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00850-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis-related disorders account for an enormous burden of disease-associated morbidity and mortality worldwide. Fibrosis is defined by excessive extracellular matrix deposition at fibrotic foci in the organ tissue following injury, resulting in abnormal architecture, impaired function and ultimately, organ failure. To date, there lacks effective pharmacological therapy to target fibrosis per se, highlighting the urgent need to identify novel drug targets against organ fibrosis. Recently, we have discovered the critical role of a fibroblasts-enriched endoplasmic reticulum protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), thioredoxin domain containing 5 (TXNDC5), in cardiac, pulmonary, renal and liver fibrosis, showing TXNDC5 is required for the activation of fibrogenic transforming growth factor-β signaling cascades depending on its catalytic activity as a PDI. Moreover, deletion of TXNDC5 in fibroblasts ameliorates organ fibrosis and preserves organ function by inhibiting myofibroblasts activation, proliferation and extracellular matrix production. In this review, we detailed the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which TXNDC5 promotes fibrogenesis in various tissue types and summarized potential therapeutic strategies targeting TXNDC5 to treat organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ting Hung
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Sec. 1, Ren-Ai Rd, 1150R, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Tsai
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Sec. 1, Ren-Ai Rd, 1150R, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shuo Wu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Sec. 1, Ren-Ai Rd, 1150R, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Fan Yeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chien Yang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Sec. 1, Ren-Ai Rd, 1150R, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Center for Frontier Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Pilgrim T, Bernhard B, Fürholz M, Vollenbroich R, Babongo Bosombo F, Losdat S, Reusser N, Windecker S, Stortecky S, Siontis GCM, Hunziker L, Lanz J, Dobner S. Paroxetine-Mediated G-Protein Receptor Kinase 2 Inhibition in Patients With Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction: Final 1-Year Outcomes of the Randomized CARE-AMI Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026362. [PMID: 36000427 PMCID: PMC9496412 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pilgrim
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Benedikt Bernhard
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Monika Fürholz
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - René Vollenbroich
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | | | | | - Nicole Reusser
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Stefan Stortecky
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - George C M Siontis
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Lukas Hunziker
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Jonas Lanz
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Stephan Dobner
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Switzerland
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Brackley AD, Jeske NA. Paroxetine increases delta opioid responsiveness in sensory neurons. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0063-22.2022. [PMID: 35882549 PMCID: PMC9347309 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0063-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved delta opioid receptor (DOR)-selective agonists, despite having fewer side effects in rodents and non-human primates compared to traditional mu opioid receptor (MOR) therapeutics (Vanderah, 2010). Targeting peripheral receptors is an attractive strategy to reduce abuse potential. However, peripheral opioid receptors do not readily respond to agonists unless primed by inflammation, which would limit their efficacy in non-inflammatory pain patients (Stein et al., 1989). It was recently identified that G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) maintains DOR incompetence in non-inflamed nociceptors (Brackley et al., 2016; Brackley et al., 2017). Here, we report that paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and potent GRK2 inhibitor (Thal et al., 2012), reduces chronic GRK2 association with membrane DOR, thereby enhancing peripheral DOR-mediated analgesic competence in the absence of inflammation. Interestingly, paroxetine's effects on GRK2 in vivo are limited to peripheral tissues in the male rat. The effects of paroxetine on DOR competence are notably antagonized by GRK2 overexpression. This is the first study to suggest that paroxetine induces peripheral DOR analgesic competence through a GRK2-dependent mechanism, improving analgesic efficacy in non-inflamed tissue. Because paroxetine targets the protein that governs peripheral opioid receptor responsiveness, and does so in the absence of inflammation, we propose that paroxetine may be suitable as a co-therapy with peripherally-restrictive doses of opioids to improve analgesic efficacy in non-inflammatory pain conditions.Significance StatementOpioids that target MOR represent the gold-standard for analgesic healthcare, despite widespread abuse potential and the ongoing opioid-epidemic. Work herein uncovers the therapeutic potential of targeting peripheral DOR for analgesic utility with an FDA-approved GRK2 inhibitor paroxetine to boost efficacy and reduce side effect profiles. Analgesic pain management targeting DOR with increased efficacy through adjuvant paroxetine treatment could reduce over-reliance on MOR agonist opioids for pain relief and usher in new options for analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathaniel A Jeske
- Departments of Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX, USA
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX, USA
- Pharmacology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX, USA
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17
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Karuppagounder V, Pinamont W, Yoshioka N, Elbarbary R, Kamal F. Early Gβγ-GRK2 Inhibition Ameliorates Osteoarthritis Development by Simultaneous Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147933. [PMID: 35887281 PMCID: PMC9323311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is an important regulator of inflammation and pathological macrophage phenotype in a variety of diseases. We hypothesize that Gβγ-GRK2 signaling promotes the early inflammatory response and chondrocyte loss in osteoarthritis (OA). Using the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model in 12-week-old male C57BL/6 mice, we determined the role of Gβγ-GRK2 signaling in synovitis, macrophage activation, and OA development. We achieved Gβγ-GRK2 inhibition at the time of DMM by administering the Gβγ inhibitor “gallein” and the GRK2 inhibitor “paroxetine” daily, starting from 2 days before DMM surgery, for a duration of 1 or 12 weeks. Synovial and cartilage structural changes were evaluated by histomorphometry, and molecular events and macrophage activation were examined. We studied the direct role of Gβγ-GRK2 in synovitis and macrophage activation in vitro using SW982 and THP1 cells. Continuous Gβγ-GRK2 inhibition initiated at the time of DMM attenuated OA development and decreased chondrocyte loss more effectively than delayed treatment. GRK2 expression and the M1 macrophage phenotype were elevated in the inflamed synovium, while early gallein and paroxetine treatment for 1 and 12 weeks following DMM resulted in their reduction and an upregulated M2 macrophage phenotype. In vitro experiments showed that Gβγ-GRK2 inhibition attenuated synoviocyte inflammation and the M1 phenotype. We show that early Gβγ-GRK2 inhibition is of higher therapeutic efficacy in OA than delayed inhibition, as it prevents OA development by inhibiting the early inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengadeshprabhu Karuppagounder
- Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA; (V.K.); (W.P.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
| | - William Pinamont
- Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA; (V.K.); (W.P.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
| | - Natalie Yoshioka
- Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA; (V.K.); (W.P.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
| | - Reyad Elbarbary
- Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA; (V.K.); (W.P.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (F.K.); Tel.: +717-531-4808 (F.K.)
| | - Fadia Kamal
- Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA; (V.K.); (W.P.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (F.K.); Tel.: +717-531-4808 (F.K.)
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18
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Iborra-Egea O, Aimo A, Martini N, Galvez-Monton C, Burchielli S, Panichella G, Passino C, Emdin M, Bayes-Genis A. The Potential Anti-remodeling Effect of Paroxetine After Myocardial Infarction May Be Blunted by Beta-Blockers. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:887248. [PMID: 35898267 PMCID: PMC9309347 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.887248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Left ventricular (LV) remodeling consists in maladaptive changes in cardiac geometry and function following an insult such as ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Interventions able to prevent LV remodeling after a STEMI are expected to improve the outcome of this condition. Paroxetine has inhibitory effects on GRK2, also known as beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 (ADRBK1). This drug does not yield beneficial effects on LV remodeling in patients with STEMI and LV ejection fraction ≤ 45%. Methods We compared the molecular effects of paroxetine and drugs for neurohormonal antagonism (beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists), using a bioinformatic approach integrating transcriptomic data in a swine model of post-MI and available evidence from the literature and massive public databases. Results Among standard therapies for MI, beta-blockers are the only ones acting directly upon GKR2, but the mechanism of action overlaps with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers with respect to the AT2R-mediated anti-hypertensive response. Moreover, beta-blockers could have anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects through the regulation of myocyte-specific enhancer factors, endothelins and chemokines. Conclusion The additive benefit of paroxetine on the background of the standard therapy for STEMI, which includes beta-blockers, is expected to be limited. Nonetheless, paroxetine becomes particularly interesting when a beta-blocker is contraindicated (for example, in hypotensive individuals) or poorly tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Iborra-Egea
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Programme, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Alberto Aimo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Martini
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carolina Galvez-Monton
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Programme, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Silvia Burchielli
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Passino
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Programme, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Antoni Bayes-Genis,
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Zhu D, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Liu D, Gan L, Lau WB, Xie D, Meng Z, Yao P, Tsukuda J, Christopher TA, Lopez BL, Gao E, Koch WJ, Wang Y, Ma XL. Targeting Adiponectin Receptor 1 Phosphorylation Against Ischemic Heart Failure. Circ Res 2022; 131:e34-e50. [PMID: 35611695 PMCID: PMC9308652 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significantly reduced acute myocardial infarction (MI) mortality in recent years, ischemic heart failure continues to escalate. Therapeutic interventions effectively reversing pathological remodeling are an urgent unmet medical need. We recently demonstrated that AdipoR1 (APN [adiponectin] receptor 1) phosphorylation by GRK2 (G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2) contributes to maladaptive remodeling in the ischemic heart. The current study clarified the underlying mechanisms leading to AdipoR1 phosphorylative desensitization and investigated whether blocking AdipoR1 phosphorylation may restore its protective signaling, reversing post-MI remodeling. METHODS Specific sites and underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for AdipoR1 phosphorylative desensitization were investigated in vitro (neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes). The effects of AdipoR1 phosphorylation inhibition upon APN post-MI remodeling and heart failure progression were investigated in vivo. RESULTS Among 4 previously identified sites sensitive to GRK2 phosphorylation, alanine substitution of Ser205 (AdipoR1S205A), but not other 3 sites, rescued GRK2-suppressed AdipoR1 functions, restoring APN-induced cell salvage kinase activation and reducing oxidative cell death. The molecular investigation followed by functional determination demonstrated that AdipoR1 phosphorylation promoted clathrin-dependent (not caveolae) endocytosis and lysosomal-mediated (not proteasome) degradation, reducing AdipoR1 protein level and suppressing AdipoR1-mediated cytoprotective action. GRK2-induced AdipoR1 endocytosis and degradation were blocked by AdipoR1S205A overexpression. Moreover, AdipoR1S205E (pseudophosphorylation) phenocopied GRK2 effects, promoted AdipoR1 endocytosis and degradation, and inhibited AdipoR1 biological function. Most importantly, AdipoR1 function was preserved during heart failure development in AdipoR1-KO (AdipoR1 knockout) mice reexpressing hAdipoR1S205A. APN administration in the failing heart reversed post-MI remodeling and improved cardiac function. However, reexpressing hAdipoR1WT in AdipoR1-KO mice failed to restore APN cardioprotection. CONCLUSIONS Ser205 is responsible for AdipoR1 phosphorylative desensitization in the failing heart. Blockade of AdipoR1 phosphorylation followed by pharmacological APN administration is a novel therapy effective in reversing post-MI remodeling and mitigating heart failure progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Jianli Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Demin Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Wayne Bond Lau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Dina Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Zhijun Meng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Peng Yao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Jumpei Tsukuda
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | | | - Bernard L. Lopez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Erhe Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Walter J. Koch
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
- Corresponding Authors: Xinliang (Xin) Ma, M.D., Ph.D, Department of Medicine and, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building 300, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, Tel: 215-955-4994, Or Yajing Wang, MD,PhD, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building 325, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, Tel: 215-955-8895,
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
- Corresponding Authors: Xinliang (Xin) Ma, M.D., Ph.D, Department of Medicine and, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building 300, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, Tel: 215-955-4994, Or Yajing Wang, MD,PhD, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building 325, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, Tel: 215-955-8895,
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20
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Zhang Y, Yang X, Han C, Wang D, Ma Y, Wei W. Paeoniflorin‑6'O‑benzene sulfonate suppresses fibroblast‑like synoviocytes proliferation and migration in rheumatoid arthritis through regulating GRK2‑Gβγ interaction. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:523. [DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xuezhi Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Chenchen Han
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ma
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti‑inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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21
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Li N, Shan S, Li XQ, Chen TT, Qi M, Zhang SN, Wang ZY, Zhang LL, Wei W, Sun WY. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 as Novel Therapeutic Target in Fibrotic Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 12:822345. [PMID: 35111168 PMCID: PMC8801426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.822345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), an important subtype of GRKs, specifically phosphorylates agonist-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Besides, current research confirms that it participates in multiple regulation of diverse cells via a non-phosphorylated pathway, including interacting with various non-receptor substrates and binding partners. Fibrosis is a common pathophysiological phenomenon in the repair process of many tissues due to various pathogenic factors such as inflammation, injury, drugs, etc. The characteristics of fibrosis are the activation of fibroblasts leading to myofibroblast proliferation and differentiation, subsequent aggerate excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Then, a positive feedback loop is occurred between tissue stiffness caused by ECM and fibroblasts, ultimately resulting in distortion of organ architecture and function. At present, GRK2, which has been described as a multifunctional protein, regulates copious signaling pathways under pathophysiological conditions correlated with fibrotic diseases. Along with GRK2-mediated regulation, there are diverse effects on the growth and apoptosis of different cells, inflammatory response and deposition of ECM, which are essential in organ fibrosis progression. This review is to highlight the relationship between GRK2 and fibrotic diseases based on recent research. It is becoming more convincing that GRK2 could be considered as a potential therapeutic target in many fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shan Shan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiu-Qin Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Qi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wu-Yi Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
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22
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Travers JG, Tharp CA, Rubino M, McKinsey TA. Therapeutic targets for cardiac fibrosis: from old school to next-gen. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:148554. [PMID: 35229727 PMCID: PMC8884906 DOI: 10.1172/jci148554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide, with pathological fibrotic remodeling mediated by activated cardiac myofibroblasts representing a unifying theme across etiologies. Despite the profound contributions of myocardial fibrosis to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure, there currently exist limited clinical interventions that effectively target the cardiac fibroblast and its role in fibrotic tissue deposition. Exploration of novel strategies designed to mitigate or reverse myofibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis will likely yield powerful therapeutic approaches for the treatment of multiple diseases of the heart, including heart failure with preserved or reduced ejection fraction, acute coronary syndrome, and cardiovascular disease linked to type 2 diabetes. In this Review, we provide an overview of classical regulators of cardiac fibrosis and highlight emerging, next-generation epigenetic regulatory targets that have the potential to revolutionize treatment of the expanding cardiovascular disease patient population.
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Abd Alla J, Quitterer U. The RAF Kinase Inhibitor Protein (RKIP): Good as Tumour Suppressor, Bad for the Heart. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040654. [PMID: 35203304 PMCID: PMC8869954 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The RAF kinase inhibitor protein, RKIP, is a dual inhibitor of the RAF1 kinase and the G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2, GRK2. By inhibition of the RAF1-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, RKIP acts as a beneficial tumour suppressor. By inhibition of GRK2, RKIP counteracts GRK2-mediated desensitisation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signalling. GRK2 inhibition is considered to be cardioprotective under conditions of exaggerated GRK2 activity such as heart failure. However, cardioprotective GRK2 inhibition and pro-survival RAF1-MAPK pathway inhibition counteract each other, because inhibition of the pro-survival RAF1-MAPK cascade is detrimental for the heart. Therefore, the question arises, what is the net effect of these apparently divergent functions of RKIP in vivo? The available data show that, on one hand, GRK2 inhibition promotes cardioprotective signalling in isolated cardiomyocytes. On the other hand, inhibition of the pro-survival RAF1-MAPK pathway by RKIP deteriorates cardiomyocyte viability. In agreement with cardiotoxic effects, endogenous RKIP promotes cardiac fibrosis under conditions of cardiac stress, and transgenic RKIP induces heart dysfunction. Supported by next-generation sequencing (NGS) data of the RKIP-induced cardiac transcriptome, this review provides an overview of different RKIP functions and explains how beneficial GRK2 inhibition can go awry by RAF1-MAPK pathway inhibition. Based on RKIP studies, requirements for the development of a cardioprotective GRK2 inhibitor are deduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Abd Alla
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Ursula Quitterer
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-632-9801
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Tai Y, Huang B, Guo PP, Wang Z, Zhou ZW, Wang MM, Sun HF, Hu Y, Xu SL, Zhang LL, Wang QT, Wei W. TNF-α impairs EP4 signaling through the association of TRAF2-GRK2 in primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:401-416. [PMID: 33859345 PMCID: PMC8791952 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that chronic treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) decreased cAMP concentration in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. In this study we investigated how TNF-α impairs cAMP homeostasis, particularly clarifying the potential downstream molecules of TNF-α and prostaglandin receptor 4 (EP4) signaling that would interact with each other. Using a cAMP FRET biosensor PM-ICUE3, we demonstrated that TNF-α (20 ng/mL) blocked ONO-4819-triggered EP4 signaling, but not Butaprost-triggered EP2 signaling in normal rat FLSs. We showed that TNF-α (0.02-20 ng/mL) dose-dependently reduced EP4 membrane distribution in normal rat FLS. TNF-α significantly increased TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) expression and stimulated proliferation in human FLS (hFLS) via ecruiting TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) to cell membrane. More interestingly, we revealed that TRAF2 interacted with G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK2) in the cytoplasm of primary hFLS and helped to bring GRK2 to cell membrane in response of TNF-α stimulation, the complex of TRAF2 and GRK2 then separated on the membrane, and translocated GRK2 induced the desensitization and internalization of EP4, leading to reduced production of intracellular cAMP. Silencing of TRAF2 by siRNA substantially diminished TRAF2-GRK2 interaction, blocked the translocation of GRK2, and resulted in upregulated expression of membrane EP4 and intracellular cAMP. In CIA rats, administration of paroxetine to inhibit GRK2 effectively improved the symptoms and clinic parameters with significantly reduced joint synovium inflammation and bone destruction. These results elucidate a novel form of cross-talk between TNFR (a cytokine receptor) and EP4 (a typical G protein-coupled receptor) signaling pathways. The interaction between TRAF2 and GRK2 may become a potential new drug target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tai
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Bei Huang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China ,Department of Pharmacy, Maanshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maanshan, 243000 China
| | - Pai-pai Guo
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Zhen Wang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Zheng-wei Zhou
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Man-man Wang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Han-fei Sun
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Yong Hu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Sheng-lin Xu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Ling-ling Zhang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Qing-tong Wang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Wei Wei
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032 China
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25
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Xu H, Meng L, Long H, Shi Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Liu D. Paroxetine and Mortality in Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:794584. [PMID: 35155607 PMCID: PMC8825765 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.794584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionParoxetine is a GRK2 inhibitor that has been widely used to treat depression and anxiety over the last few decades. The inhibition of GRK2 has been studied extensively in vivo; however, evidence of its impact on heart failure remains scarce.MethodsTo assess the association between paroxetine use and mortality in patients with heart failure. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study from 2008 to 2019, with a follow-up time of 28 days for all groups. This is a single-center study using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database with 11,657 heart failure patients identified. We performed genetic matching to adjust for the covariates. Heart failure patients prescribed paroxetine for >24 h after hospital admission were categorized into the paroxetine group (77 patients), with remaining heart failure patients making up the matched control group (231 patients). The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality from the date of hospital admission. Secondary outcomes included length of intensive care unit stay, length of hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality. The Kaplan–Meier survival estimator, logistic regression, Cox regression, and restricted mean survival time were used to detect the association between paroxetine therapy and outcomes.ResultsPatients who received paroxetine during one hospital admission lived, on average, 0.7 lesser days (95% CI −2.53 to 1.1, p = 0.46) than patients who did not use it in a 28-day truncation time point. Multivariable logistic regression, including all matched covariates, demonstrated that the adjusted odds ratio of 28-day mortality of the paroxetine administration group was 1.1 (95% CI 0.37–2.9, p = 0.90). Multivariable Cox regression of 28-day mortality presented an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.00 (95% CI 0.42–2.62, p = 0.92). Paroxetine was associated with an increased survival time at a 3,000-day truncation time point (203 days, 95% CI −305.69 to 817.8, p = 0.37).ConclusionsIn patients with heart failure, treatment with paroxetine did not significantly reduce 28-day all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingbing Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Huanyu Long
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueping Shi
- Songjiang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (Preparatory Stage), Shanghai, China
| | - Yunqing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Departments of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Deping Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Deping Liu
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26
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de Lucia C, Grisanti LA, Borghetti G, Piedepalumbo M, Ibetti J, Lucchese AM, Barr EW, Roy R, Okyere AD, Murphy HC, Gao E, Rengo G, Houser SR, Tilley DG, Koch WJ. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) contributes to impaired cardiac function and immune cell recruitment in post-ischemic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:169-183. [PMID: 33560342 PMCID: PMC8752360 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of heart failure (HF) worldwide. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) is upregulated in failing human myocardium and promotes maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy in animal models. However, the role of GRK5 in ischemic heart disease is still unknown. In this study, we evaluated whether myocardial GRK5 plays a critical role post-MI in mice and included the examination of specific cardiac immune and inflammatory responses. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiomyocyte-specific GRK5 overexpressing transgenic mice (TgGRK5) and non-transgenic littermate control (NLC) mice as well as cardiomyocyte-specific GRK5 knockout mice (GRK5cKO) and wild type (WT) were subjected to MI and, functional as well as structural changes together with outcomes were studied. TgGRK5 post-MI mice showed decreased cardiac function, augmented left ventricular dimension and decreased survival rate compared to NLC post-MI mice. Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis as well as fetal gene expression were increased post-MI in TgGRK5 compared to NLC mice. In TgGRK5 mice, GRK5 elevation produced immuno-regulators that contributed to the elevated and long-lasting leukocyte recruitment into the injured heart and ultimately to chronic cardiac inflammation. We found an increased presence of pro-inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages as well as neutrophils, macrophages and T-lymphocytes at 4-days and 8-weeks respectively post-MI in TgGRK5 hearts. Conversely, GRK5cKO mice were protected from ischemic injury and showed reduced early immune cell recruitment (predominantly monocytes) to the heart, improved contractility and reduced mortality compared to WT post-MI mice. Interestingly, cardiomyocyte-specific GRK2 transgenic mice did not share the same phenotype of TgGRK5 mice and did not have increased cardiac leukocyte migration and cytokine or chemokine production post-MI. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that myocyte GRK5 has a crucial and GRK-selective role on the regulation of leucocyte infiltration into the heart, cardiac function and survival in a murine model of post-ischemic HF, supporting GRK5 inhibition as a therapeutic target for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio de Lucia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laurel A Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Giulia Borghetti
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michela Piedepalumbo
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Ibetti
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Maria Lucchese
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric W Barr
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rajika Roy
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ama Dedo Okyere
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Haley Christine Murphy
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, Federico II University, Via S. Pansini, 5, Naples, Italy
- Laboratory of neurovegetative system pathophysiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici ICS Maugeri, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico di Telese Terme, Benevento, Italy
| | - Steven R Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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27
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Sergienko NM, Donner DG, Delbridge LMD, McMullen JR, Weeks KL. Protein phosphatase 2A in the healthy and failing heart: New insights and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Signal 2021; 91:110213. [PMID: 34902541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatases have emerged as critical regulators of phosphoprotein homeostasis in settings of health and disease. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) encompasses a large subfamily of enzymes that remove phosphate groups from serine/threonine residues within phosphoproteins. The heterogeneity in PP2A structure, which arises from the grouping of different catalytic, scaffolding and regulatory subunit isoforms, creates distinct populations of catalytically active enzymes (i.e. holoenzymes) that localise to different parts of the cell. This structural complexity, combined with other regulatory mechanisms, such as interaction of PP2A heterotrimers with accessory proteins and post-translational modification of the catalytic and/or regulatory subunits, enables PP2A holoenzymes to target phosphoprotein substrates in a highly specific manner. In this review, we summarise the roles of PP2A in cardiac physiology and disease. PP2A modulates numerous processes that are vital for heart function including calcium handling, contractility, β-adrenergic signalling, metabolism and transcription. Dysregulation of PP2A has been observed in human cardiac disease settings, including heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Efforts are underway, particularly in the cancer field, to develop therapeutics targeting PP2A activity. The development of small molecule activators of PP2A (SMAPs) and other compounds that selectively target specific PP2A holoenzymes (e.g. PP2A/B56α and PP2A/B56ε) will improve understanding of the function of different PP2A species in the heart, and may lead to the development of therapeutics for normalising aberrant protein phosphorylation in settings of cardiac remodelling and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola M Sergienko
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia; Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Daniel G Donner
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Julie R McMullen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Physiology and Department of Medicine Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora VIC 3086, Australia; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Kate L Weeks
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
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28
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Rowe G, Tracy E, Beare JE, LeBlanc AJ. Cell therapy rescues aging-induced beta-1 adrenergic receptor and GRK2 dysfunction in the coronary microcirculation. GeroScience 2021; 44:329-348. [PMID: 34608562 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our past study showed that coronary arterioles isolated from adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF)-treated rats showed amelioration of the age-related decrease in vasodilation to beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) agonist and improved β-AR-dependent coronary flow and microvascular function in a model of advanced age. We hypothesized that intravenously (i.v.) injected SVF improves coronary microvascular function in aged rats by re-establishing the equilibrium of the negative regulators of the internal adrenergic signaling cascade, G-protein receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) and G-alpha inhibitory (Gαi) proteins, back to youthful levels. Female Fischer-344 rats aged young (3 months, n = 24), old (24 months, n = 26), and old animals that received 1 × 107 green fluorescent protein (GFP+) SVF cells (O + SVF, n = 11) 4 weeks prior to sacrifice were utilized. Overnight urine was collected prior to sacrifice for catecholamine measurements. Cardiac samples were used for western blotting while coronary arterioles were isolated for pressure myography studies, immunofluorescence staining, and RNA sequencing. Coronary microvascular levels of the β1 adrenergic receptor are decreased with advancing age, but this decreased expression was rescued by SVF treatment. Aging led to a decrease in phosphorylated GRK2 in cardiomyocytes vs. young control with restoration of phosphorylation status by SVF. In vessels, there was no change in genetic transcription (RNAseq) or protein expression (immunofluorescence); however, inhibition of GRK2 (paroxetine) led to improved vasodilation to norepinephrine in the old control (OC) and O + SVF, indicating greater GRK2 functional inhibition of β1-AR in aging. SVF works to improve adrenergic-mediated vasodilation by restoring the β1-AR population and mitigating signal cascade inhibitors to improve vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Rowe
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Evan Tracy
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Jason E Beare
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Amanda J LeBlanc
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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Pilgrim T, Vollenbroich R, Deckarm S, Gräni C, Dobner S, Stark AW, Erne SA, Babongo Bosombo F, Fischer K, Stortecky S, Reusser N, Fürholz M, Siontis GCM, Heg D, Hunziker L, Windecker S, Lanz J. Effect of Paroxetine-Mediated G-Protein Receptor Kinase 2 Inhibition vs Placebo in Patients With Anterior Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol 2021; 6:1171-1176. [PMID: 34259826 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2021.2247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Importance Left ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction results in progressive myocardial dysfunction and adversely affects prognosis. Objective To investigate the efficacy of paroxetine-mediated G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 inhibition to mitigate adverse left ventricular remodeling in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Design, Setting, and Participants This double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted at Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. Patients with acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 45% or less were randomly allocated to 2 study arms between October 26, 2017, and September 21, 2020. Interventions Patients in the experimental arm received 20 mg of paroxetine daily; patients in the control group received a placebo daily. Both treatments were provided for 12 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was the difference in patient-level improvement of LVEF between baseline and 12 weeks as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance tomography. Secondary end points were changes in left ventricular dimensions and late gadolinium enhancement between baseline and follow-up. Results Fifty patients (mean [SD] age, 62 [13] years; 41 men [82%]) with acute anterior myocardial infarction were randomly allocated to paroxetine or placebo, of whom 38 patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging both at baseline and 12 weeks. There was no difference in recovery of LVEF between the experimental group (mean [SD] change, 4.0% [7.0%]) and the control group (mean [SD] change, 6.3% [6.3%]; mean difference, -2.4% [95% CI, -6.8% to 2.1%]; P = .29) or changes in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (mean difference, 13.4 [95% CI, -12.3 to 39.0] mL; P = .30) and end-systolic volume (mean difference, 11.4 [95% CI, -3.6 to 26.4] mL; P = .13). Late gadolinium enhancement as a percentage of the total left ventricular mass decreased to a larger extent in the experimental group (mean [SD], -13.6% [12.9%]) compared with the control group (mean [SD], -4.5% [9.5%]; mean difference, -9.1% [95% CI, -16.6% to -1.6%]; P = .02). Conclusions and Relevance In this trial, treatment with paroxetine did not improve LVEF after myocardial infarction compared with placebo. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03274752.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pilgrim
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - René Vollenbroich
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Deckarm
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Gräni
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Dobner
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anselm W Stark
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophie A Erne
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Kady Fischer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Stortecky
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Reusser
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika Fürholz
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - George C M Siontis
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dik Heg
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Hunziker
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Lanz
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Cardiac Fibrosis and Fibroblasts. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071716. [PMID: 34359886 PMCID: PMC8306806 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is the excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), such as collagen. Myofibroblasts are major players in the production of collagen, and are differentiated primarily from resident fibroblasts. Collagen can compensate for the dead cells produced by injury. The appropriate production of collagen is beneficial for preserving the structural integrity of the heart, and protects the heart from cardiac rupture. However, excessive deposition of collagen causes cardiac dysfunction. Recent studies have demonstrated that myofibroblasts can change their phenotypes. In addition, myofibroblasts are found to have functions other than ECM production. Myofibroblasts have macrophage-like functions, in which they engulf dead cells and secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines. Research into fibroblasts has been delayed due to the lack of selective markers for the identification of fibroblasts. In recent years, it has become possible to genetically label fibroblasts and perform sequencing at single-cell levels. Based on new technologies, the origins of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, time-dependent changes in fibroblast states after injury, and fibroblast heterogeneity have been demonstrated. In this paper, recent advances in fibroblast and myofibroblast research are reviewed.
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Han C, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Cui D, Luo T, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Li H, Wang C, Xu D, Ma Y, Wei W. Targeted inhibition of GRK2 kinase domain by CP-25 to reverse fibroblast-like synoviocytes dysfunction and improve collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1835-1852. [PMID: 34386323 PMCID: PMC8343125 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease and is mainly characterized by abnormal proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). The up-regulated cellular membrane expression of G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) of FLS plays a critical role in RA progression, the increase of GRK2 translocation activity promotes dysfunctional prostaglandin E4 receptor (EP4) signaling and FLS abnormal proliferation. Recently, although our group found that paeoniflorin-6ʹ-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25), a novel compound, could reverse FLS dysfunction via GRK2, little is known as to how GRK2 translocation activity is suppressed. Our findings revealed that GRK2 expression up-regulated and EP4 expression down-regulated in synovial tissues of RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level increased in arthritis. CP-25 could down-regulate GRK2 expression, up-regulate EP4 expression, and improve synovitis of CIA rats. CP-25 and GRK2 inhibitors (paroxetine or GSK180736A) inhibited the abnormal proliferation of FLS in RA patients and CIA rats by down-regulating GRK2 translocation to EP4 receptor. The results of microscale thermophoresis (MST), cellular thermal shift assay, and inhibition of kinase activity assay indicated that CP-25 could directly target GRK2, increase the protein stability of GRK2 in cells, and inhibit GRK2 kinase activity. The docking of CP-25 and GRK2 suggested that the kinase domain of GRK2 might be an important active pocket for CP-25. G201, K220, K230, A321, and D335 in kinase domain of GRK2 might form hydrogen bonds with CP-25. Site-directed mutagenesis and co-immunoprecipitation assay further revealed that CP-25 down-regulated the interaction of GRK2 and EP4 via controlling the key amino acid residue of Ala321 of GRK2. Our data demonstrate that FLS proliferation is regulated by GRK2 translocation to EP4. Targeted inhibition of GRK2 kinase domain by CP-25 improves FLS function and represents an innovative drug for the treatment of RA by targeting GRK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Han
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuwen Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dongqian Cui
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tingting Luo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dexiang Xu
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 551 65161209.
| | - Yang Ma
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 551 65161209.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 551 65161209.
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Wang Z, Zhang M, Xu Y, Gu Y, Song Y, Jiang T. Identification of Independent and Communal Differentially Expressed Genes as Well as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Ischemic Heart Failure and Non-Ischemic Heart Failure. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:683-693. [PMID: 34163213 PMCID: PMC8214211 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s313621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing public health problem, and its two main etiological types are non-ischemic heart failure (NIHF) and ischemic heart failure (IHF). However, the independent and common mechanisms of NIHF and IHF have not been fully elucidated. Here, bioinformatic analysis was used to characterize the difference and independent pathways for IHF and NIHF, and more importantly, to unearth the common potential markers and therapeutic targets in IHF and NIHF. Methods Two data sets with accession numbers GSE26887 and GSE84796 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After identifying the independent and communal DEGs of NIHF and IHF, a functional annotation, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, co-expression and drug-gene interaction prediction analysis, and mRNA-miRNA regulatory network analysis were performed for DEGs. Results We found 1146 independent DEGs (DEGs2) of NIHF mainly enriched in transcription-related and 2595 independent DEGs (DEGs3) of IHF mainly enriched in immune-related. Moreover, 185 communal DEGs (DEGs1) were found between NIHF and IHF, including 93 upregulated genes and 92 downregulated genes. Pathway enrichment analysis results showed that GPCR pathways and biological processes are closely related to the occurrence of HF. In addition, three hub genes were identified from PPI network, including CCL5, C5 and TLR3. Conclusion The identification of DEGs and hub genes in this study contributes to a novel perception for potential functional mechanisms and biomarkers or therapeutic targets in NIHF and IHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoxiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyu Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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33
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Yang Y, Li X, Chen S, Xiao M, Liu Z, Li J, Cheng Y. Mechanism and therapeutic strategies of depression after myocardial infarction. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1401-1415. [PMID: 33594503 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05784-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Depression resulted as an important factor associated with the myocardial infarction (MI) prognosis. Patients with MI also have a higher risk for developing depression. Although the issue of depression after MI has become a matter of clinical concern, the molecular mechanism underlying depression after MI remains unclear, whereby several strategies suggested have not got ideal effects, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In this review, we summarized and discussed the occurrence mechanism of depression after MI, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) dysfunction, altered hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, gut microbiota imbalance, exosomal signal transduction, and inflammation. In addition, we offered a succinct overview of treatment, as well as some promising molecules especially from natural products for the treatment of depression after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuping Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Sixuan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingzhu Xiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
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34
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Abstract
Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajika Roy
- Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Guo S, Okyere AD, McEachern E, Strong JL, Carter RL, Patwa VC, Thomas TP, Landy M, Song J, Lucchese AM, Martin TG, Gao E, Rajan S, Kirk JA, Koch WJ, Cheung JY, Tilley DG. Epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent maintenance of cardiac contractility. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1276-1288. [PMID: 33892492 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is essential to the development of multiple tissues and organs and is a target of cancer therapeutics. Due to the embryonic lethality of global EGFR deletion and conflicting reports of cardiac-overexpressed EGFR mutants, its specific impact on the adult heart, normally or in response to chronic stress, has not been established. Using complimentary genetic strategies to modulate cardiomyocyte-specific EGFR expression, we aim to define its role in the regulation of cardiac function and remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS A floxed EGFR mouse model with α-myosin heavy chain-Cre-mediated cardiomyocyte-specific EGFR downregulation (CM-EGFR-KD mice) developed contractile dysfunction by 9 weeks of age, marked by impaired diastolic relaxation, as monitored via echocardiographic, hemodynamic and isolated cardiomyocyte contractility analyses. This contractile defect was maintained over time without overt cardiac remodeling until 10 months of age, after which the mice ultimately developed severe heart failure and reduced lifespan. Acute downregulation of EGFR in adult floxed EGFR mice with adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-encoded Cre with a cardiac troponin T promoter (AAV9-cTnT-Cre) recapitulated the CM-EGFR-KD phenotype, while AAV9-cTnT-EGFR treatment of adult CM-EGFR-KD mice rescued the phenotype. Notably, chronic administration of the β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) agonist isoproterenol effectively and reversibly compensated for the contractile dysfunction in the absence of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in CM-EGFR-KD mice. Mechanistically, EGFR downregulation reduced the expression of protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) regulatory subunit Ppp2r3a/PR72, which was associated with decreased phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLB) and Ca2+ clearance, and whose re-expression via AAV9-cTnT-PR72 rescued the CM-EGFR-KD phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Altogether our study highlights a previously unrecognized role for EGFR in maintaining contractile homeostasis under physiologic conditions in the adult heart via regulation of PR72 expression. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Our study highlights a previously unrecognized role for EGFR in maintaining contractile homeostasis under physiologic conditions in the adult heart via regulation of PR72, a PP2A regulatory subunit with an unknown impact on cardiac function. Further, we have shown that cardiomyocyte-expressed EGFR is required for the promotion of cardiac hypertrophy under conditions of chronic catecholamine stress. Altogether, our study provides new insight into the dynamic nature of cardiomyocyte-specific EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi Guo
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ama Dedo Okyere
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Erin McEachern
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joshua L Strong
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rhonda L Carter
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Viren C Patwa
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Toby P Thomas
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Melissa Landy
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jianliang Song
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ana Maria Lucchese
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Thomas G Martin
- Loyola University Chicago, Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sudarsan Rajan
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jonathan A Kirk
- Loyola University Chicago, Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joseph Y Cheung
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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Mills RJ, Humphrey SJ, Fortuna PRJ, Lor M, Foster SR, Quaife-Ryan GA, Johnston RL, Dumenil T, Bishop C, Rudraraju R, Rawle DJ, Le T, Zhao W, Lee L, Mackenzie-Kludas C, Mehdiabadi NR, Halliday C, Gilham D, Fu L, Nicholls SJ, Johansson J, Sweeney M, Wong NCW, Kulikowski E, Sokolowski KA, Tse BWC, Devilée L, Voges HK, Reynolds LT, Krumeich S, Mathieson E, Abu-Bonsrah D, Karavendzas K, Griffen B, Titmarsh D, Elliott DA, McMahon J, Suhrbier A, Subbarao K, Porrello ER, Smyth MJ, Engwerda CR, MacDonald KPA, Bald T, James DE, Hudson JE. BET inhibition blocks inflammation-induced cardiac dysfunction and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cell 2021; 184:2167-2182.e22. [PMID: 33811809 PMCID: PMC7962543 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac injury and dysfunction occur in COVID-19 patients and increase the risk of mortality. Causes are ill defined but could be through direct cardiac infection and/or inflammation-induced dysfunction. To identify mechanisms and cardio-protective drugs, we use a state-of-the-art pipeline combining human cardiac organoids with phosphoproteomics and single nuclei RNA sequencing. We identify an inflammatory "cytokine-storm", a cocktail of interferon gamma, interleukin 1β, and poly(I:C), induced diastolic dysfunction. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 is activated along with a viral response that is consistent in both human cardiac organoids (hCOs) and hearts of SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice. Bromodomain and extraterminal family inhibitors (BETi) recover dysfunction in hCOs and completely prevent cardiac dysfunction and death in a mouse cytokine-storm model. Additionally, BETi decreases transcription of genes in the viral response, decreases ACE2 expression, and reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection of cardiomyocytes. Together, BETi, including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) breakthrough designated drug, apabetalone, are promising candidates to prevent COVID-19 mediated cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Mills
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mary Lor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon R Foster
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca L Johnston
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Troy Dumenil
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Cameron Bishop
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Rajeev Rudraraju
- The WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel J Rawle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Thuy Le
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Wei Zhao
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Leo Lee
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Neda R Mehdiabadi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Dean Gilham
- Resverlogix Corp., Calgary T3E 6L1, AB, Canada
| | - Li Fu
- Resverlogix Corp., Calgary T3E 6L1, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Victorian Heart Hospital, Monash University, Clayton 3168, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Kamil A Sokolowski
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brian W C Tse
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lynn Devilée
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Holly K Voges
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Liam T Reynolds
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Sophie Krumeich
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Ellen Mathieson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Dad Abu-Bonsrah
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathy Karavendzas
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Brendan Griffen
- Dynomics Inc., San Mateo, CA 94401, USA; Dynomics Pty Ltd, Brisbane 4000, QLD, Australia
| | - Drew Titmarsh
- Dynomics Inc., San Mateo, CA 94401, USA; Dynomics Pty Ltd, Brisbane 4000, QLD, Australia
| | - David A Elliott
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - James McMahon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Andreas Suhrbier
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia; GVN Center of Excellence, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- The WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Enzo R Porrello
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia; Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Tobias Bald
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia; Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - James E Hudson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia.
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37
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Liu D, Tian X, Liu Y, Song H, Cheng X, Zhang X, Yan C, Han Y. CREG ameliorates the phenotypic switching of cardiac fibroblasts after myocardial infarction via modulation of CDC42. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:355. [PMID: 33824277 PMCID: PMC8024263 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Phenotype switching of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts plays important role in cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction (MI). Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes (CREG) protects against vascular and cardiac remodeling induced by angiotensin-II. However, the effects and mechanisms of CREG on phenotype switching of cardiac fibroblasts after MI are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of CREG on the phenotype switching of cardiac fibroblasts following MI and its mechanism. Our findings demonstrated that, compared with littermate control mice, cardiac function was deteriorated in CREG+/- mice on day 14 post-MI. Fibrosis size, αSMA, and collagen-1 expressions were increased in the border regions of CREG+/- mice on day 14 post-MI. Conversely, exogenous CREG protein significantly improved cardiac function, inhibited fibrosis, and reduced the expressions of αSMA and collagen-1 in the border regions of C57BL/6J mice on day 14. In vitro, CREG recombinant protein inhibited αSMA and collagen-1 expression and blocked the hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts, which was mediated through the inhibition of cell division control protein 42 (CDC42) expression. Our findings could help in establishing new strategies based on the clarification of the role of the key molecule CREG in phenotype switching of cardiac fibroblasts following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Tian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Haixu Song
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghui Yan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yaling Han
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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Arcones AC, Martínez-Cignoni MR, Vila-Bedmar R, Yáñez C, Lladó I, Proenza AM, Mayor F, Murga C. Cardiac GRK2 Protein Levels Show Sexual Dimorphism during Aging and Are Regulated by Ovarian Hormones. Cells 2021; 10:673. [PMID: 33803070 PMCID: PMC8002941 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk shows a clear sexual dimorphism with age, with a lower incidence in young women compared to age-matched men. However, this protection is lost after menopause. We demonstrate that sex-biased sensitivity to the development of CVD with age runs in parallel with changes in G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) protein levels in the murine heart and that mitochondrial fusion markers, related to mitochondrial functionality and cardiac health, inversely correlate with GRK2. Young female mice display lower amounts of cardiac GRK2 protein compared to age-matched males, whereas GRK2 is upregulated with age specifically in female hearts. Such an increase in GRK2 seems to be specific to the cardiac muscle since a different pattern is found in the skeletal muscles of aging females. Changes in the cardiac GRK2 protein do not seem to rely on transcriptional modulation since adrbk1 mRNA does not change with age and no differences are found between sexes. Global changes in proteasomal or autophagic machinery (known regulators of GRK2 dosage) do not seem to correlate with the observed GRK2 dynamics. Interestingly, cardiac GRK2 upregulation in aging females is recapitulated by ovariectomy and can be partially reversed by estrogen supplementation, while this does not occur in the skeletal muscle. Our data indicate an unforeseen role for ovarian hormones in the regulation of GRK2 protein levels in the cardiac muscle which correlates with the sex-dependent dynamics of CVD risk, and might have interesting therapeutic applications, particularly for post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba C. Arcones
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.A.); (R.V.-B.); (C.Y.); (F.M.J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa and CIBER Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), ISCIII, 28028 Madrid, Spain
| | - Melanie Raquel Martínez-Cignoni
- Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.R.M.-C.); (I.L.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Rocío Vila-Bedmar
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.A.); (R.V.-B.); (C.Y.); (F.M.J.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, URJC, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Yáñez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.A.); (R.V.-B.); (C.Y.); (F.M.J.)
| | - Isabel Lladó
- Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.R.M.-C.); (I.L.); (A.M.P.)
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. Proenza
- Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.R.M.-C.); (I.L.); (A.M.P.)
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Mayor
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.A.); (R.V.-B.); (C.Y.); (F.M.J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa and CIBER Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), ISCIII, 28028 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Murga
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.A.); (R.V.-B.); (C.Y.); (F.M.J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa and CIBER Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), ISCIII, 28028 Madrid, Spain
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Meyer EE, Clancy CE, Lewis TJ. Dynamics of adrenergic signaling in cardiac myocytes and implications for pharmacological treatment. J Theor Biol 2021; 519:110619. [PMID: 33740423 PMCID: PMC8650805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Dense innervation of the heart by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) allows cardiac output to respond appropriately to the needs of the body under varying conditions, but occasionally the abrupt onset of SNS activity can trigger cardiac arrhythmias. Sympathetic activity leads to the release of norepinephrine (NE) onto cardiomyocytes, activating β1-adrenergic receptors (β1-ARs) and leading to the production of the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP). Upon sudden activation of β1-ARs in experiments, intracellular cAMP can transiently rise to a high concentration before converging to a steady state level. Although changes to cellular cAMP concentration are important in modulating the overall cardiovascular response to sympathetic tone, the underlying mechanisms of the cAMP transients and the parameters that control their magnitude are unclear. We reduce a detailed computational model of the β1-adrenergic signaling cascade to a system of two differential equations by eliminating extraneous variables and applying quasi-steady state approximation. The structure of the reduced model reveals that the large cAMP transients associated with abrupt β1-AR activation are generated by the interplay of production/degradation of cAMP and desensitization/resensitization of β1-ARs. The reduced model is used to predict how the dynamics of intracellular cAMP depend on the concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), phosphodiesterases 3 and 4 (PDE3,4), G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), and β1-AR, in healthy conditions and a simple model of early stages of heart failure. The key findings of the study are as follows: 1) Applying a reduced model of the dynamics of cardiac sympathetic signaling we show that the concentrations of two variables, cAMP and non-desensitized β1-AR, capture the overall dynamics of sympathetic signaling; 2) The key factors influencing cAMP production are AC activity and PDE3,4 activity, while those that directly impact β1-AR phosphorylation are GRK2 and PKA1. Thus, disease states that affect sympathetic control of the heart can be thoroughly assessed by studying AC activity, PDE3,4, GRK2 and PKA activity, as these factors directly impact cAMP production/degradation and β1-AR (de) phosphorylation and are therefore predicted to comprise the most effective pharmaceutical targets in diseases affecting cardiac β1-adrenergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Meyer
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
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40
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Carlson EL, Karuppagounder V, Pinamont WJ, Yoshioka NK, Ahmad A, Schott EM, Le Bleu HK, Zuscik MJ, Elbarbary RA, Kamal F. Paroxetine-mediated GRK2 inhibition is a disease-modifying treatment for osteoarthritis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/580/eaau8491. [PMID: 33568523 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau8491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage degeneration, with no available disease-modifying therapy. OA is driven by pathological chondrocyte hypertrophy (CH), the cellular regulators of which are unknown. We have recently reported the therapeutic efficacy of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) inhibition in other diseases by recovering protective G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. However, the role of GPCR-GRK2 pathway in OA is unknown. Thus, in a surgical OA mouse model, we performed genetic GRK2 deletion in chondrocytes or pharmacological inhibition with the repurposed U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antidepressant paroxetine. Both GRK2 deletion and inhibition prevented CH, abated OA progression, and promoted cartilage regeneration. Supporting experiments with cultured human OA cartilage confirmed the ability of paroxetine to mitigate CH and cartilage degradation. Our findings present elevated GRK2 signaling in chondrocytes as a driver of CH in OA and identify paroxetine as a disease-modifying drug for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah L Carlson
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Vengadeshprabhu Karuppagounder
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - William J Pinamont
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Natalie K Yoshioka
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | | | | | - Michael J Zuscik
- Colorado Program for Skeletal Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Reyad A Elbarbary
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Fadia Kamal
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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41
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Xie Z, Yang X, Duan Y, Han J, Liao C. Small-Molecule Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Nononcologic Diseases. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1283-1345. [PMID: 33481605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Great successes have been achieved in developing small-molecule kinase inhibitors as anticancer therapeutic agents. However, kinase deregulation plays essential roles not only in cancer but also in almost all major disease areas. Accumulating evidence has revealed that kinases are promising drug targets for different diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, central nervous system disorders, viral infections, and malaria. Indeed, the first small-molecule kinase inhibitor for treatment of a nononcologic disease was approved in 2011 by the U.S. FDA. To date, 10 such inhibitors have been approved, and more are in clinical trials for applications other than cancer. This Perspective discusses a number of kinases and their small-molecule inhibitors for the treatment of diseases in nononcologic therapeutic fields. The opportunities and challenges in developing such inhibitors are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouling Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jihong Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chenzhong Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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42
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GRKs and Epac1 Interaction in Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010154. [PMID: 33466800 PMCID: PMC7830799 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) play a major role in the physiological regulation of cardiac function through signaling routes tightly controlled by G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs). Although the acute stimulation of β-ARs and the subsequent production of cyclic AMP (cAMP) have beneficial effects on cardiac function, chronic stimulation of β-ARs as observed under sympathetic overdrive promotes the development of pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF), a leading cause of mortality worldwide. This is accompanied by an alteration in cAMP compartmentalization and the activation of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1 (Epac1) signaling. Among downstream signals of β-ARs, compelling evidence indicates that GRK2, GRK5, and Epac1 represent attractive therapeutic targets for cardiac disease. Here, we summarize the pathophysiological roles of GRK2, GRK5, and Epac1 in the heart. We focus on their signalosome and describe how under pathological settings, these proteins can cross-talk and are part of scaffolded nodal signaling systems that contribute to a decreased cardiac function and HF development.
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43
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Henry SA, Crivello S, Nguyen TM, Cybulska M, Hoang NS, Nguyen M, Badial T, Emami N, Awada N, Woodward JF, So CH. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 modifies the ability of Caenorhabditis elegans to survive oxidative stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:187-197. [PMID: 33064264 PMCID: PMC7736396 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01168-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Survival and adaptation to oxidative stress is important for many organisms, and these occur through the activation of many different signaling pathways. In this report, we showed that Caenorhabditis (C.) elegans G protein-coupled receptor kinases modified the ability of the organism to resist oxidative stress. In acute oxidative stress studies using juglone, loss-of-function grk-2 mutants were more resistant to oxidative stress compared with loss-of-function grk-1 mutants and the wild-type N2 animals. This effect was Ce-AKT-1 dependent, suggesting that Ce-GRK2 adjusted C. elegans oxidative stress resistance through the IGF/insulin-like signaling (IIS) pathway. Treating C. elegans with a GRK2 inhibitor, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine, resulted in increased acute oxidative stress resistance compared with another selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine. In chronic oxidative stress studies with paraquat, both grk-1 and grk-2 mutants had longer lifespan compared with the wild-type N2 animals in stress. In summary, this research showed the importance of both GRKs, especially GRK2, in modifying oxidative stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A Henry
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Selina Crivello
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Tina M Nguyen
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Magdalena Cybulska
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Ngoc S Hoang
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Mary Nguyen
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | | | - Nazgol Emami
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Nasma Awada
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Johnathen F Woodward
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Christopher H So
- Roseman University of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, 11 Sunset Way, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA.
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Sun X, Zhou M, Wen G, Huang Y, Wu J, Peng L, Jiang W, Yuan H, Lu Y, Cai J. Paroxetine Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy Via Blocking GRK2 and ADRB1 Interaction in Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 10:e016364. [PMID: 33372534 PMCID: PMC7955481 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background ADRB1 (adrenergic receptor beta 1) responds to neuroendocrine stimulations, which have great implications in hypertension. GRK2 (G protein‐coupled receptor kinase 2) is an essential regulator for many G protein‐coupled receptors and subsequent cell signaling cascades, but its role as a regulator of ADRB1 and associated cardiac hypertrophy in hypertension remains to be elucidated. Methods and Results In this study, we found the expressions of GRK2 and ADRB1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were positively associated with blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients and with their expression in heart. In vitro evidence showed a direct interaction in ADRB1 and GRK2 and genetic depletion of GRK2 blocks epinephrine‐induced upregulation of hypertrophic and fibrotic genes in cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, we discovered a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine specifically blockades GRK2 and ADRB1 interaction. In vivo, paroxetine treatment ameliorates hypertension‐induced cardiac hypertrophy, dysfunction, and fibrosis in animal models. We found that paroxetine suppressed sympathetic overdrive and increased the adrenergic receptor sensitivity to catecholamines. Paroxetine treatment also blocks epinephrine‐induced upregulation of hypertrophic and fibrotic genes as well as ADRB1 internalization in cardiomyocytes. Coadministration of paroxetine further potentiates metoprolol‐induced reductions in blood pressure and heart rate, further attenuating cardiac hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Furthermore, in patients with hypertension accompanied with depression, we observed that cardiac remodeling was less severe in those with paroxetine treatment compared with those with other types of anti‐depressive agents. Conclusions Paroxetine promotes ADRB1 sensitivity and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy partially via blocking GRK2‐mediated ADRB1 activation and internalization in the context of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Sun
- Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Mengli Zhou
- Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Gaiyan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou China
| | - Yun Huang
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Liping Peng
- Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Hong Yuan
- The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Yao Lu
- The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China.,The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha China
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45
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Sweda R, Siontis GC, Nikolakopoulou A, Windecker S, Pilgrim T. Antidepressant treatment in patients following acute coronary syndromes: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:3610-3620. [PMID: 32935927 PMCID: PMC7754966 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of antidepressant therapy on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS AND RESULTS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and performed a Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that investigated antidepressant pharmacotherapy in patients following ACS. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were repeat hospitalizations and recurrent myocardial infarctions (MIs). Ten randomized controlled trials with a total of 1935 patients qualified for inclusion. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were investigated in six, bupropion in three, and mirtazapine in one trial. Placebo was used as control in eight trials. There was no difference in all-cause mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.97, 95% credible interval (CrI) 0.66-1.42] and recurrent MI (OR 0.64, 95% CrI 0.40-1.02) between patients receiving antidepressants compared with controls, whereas antidepressant therapy was associated with less repeat hospitalizations (OR 0.62, 95% CrI 0.40-0.94). In patients with ACS and concomitant depression, antidepressants reduced the odds of recurrent MI compared with usual care/placebo (OR 0.45, 95% CrI 0.25-0.81). Extended funnel plots suggest robustness of the observations. CONCLUSIONS Antidepressants in patients following ACS have no effect on mortality but reduce repeat hospitalizations; in patients with depression, there is a reduced risk of recurrent MI with antidepressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Sweda
- Department of CardiologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernCH‐3010Switzerland
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - George C.M. Siontis
- Department of CardiologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernCH‐3010Switzerland
| | - Adriani Nikolakopoulou
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials UnitBern University HospitalBernSwitzerland
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of CardiologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernCH‐3010Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pilgrim
- Department of CardiologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernCH‐3010Switzerland
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46
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Crudden C, Shibano T, Song D, Dragomir MP, Cismas S, Serly J, Nedelcu D, Fuentes-Mattei E, Tica A, Calin GA, Girnita A, Girnita L. Inhibition of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 Promotes Unbiased Downregulation of IGF1 Receptor and Restrains Malignant Cell Growth. Cancer Res 2020; 81:501-514. [PMID: 33158816 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability of a receptor to preferentially activate only a subset of available downstream signal cascades is termed biased signaling. Although comprehensively recognized for the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), this process is scarcely explored downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), including the cancer-relevant insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). Successful IGF1R targeting requires receptor downregulation, yet therapy-mediated removal from the cell surface activates cancer-protective β-arrestin-biased signaling (β-arr-BS). As these overlapping processes are initiated by the β-arr/IGF1R interaction and controlled by GPCR-kinases (GRK), we explored GRKs as potential anticancer therapeutic targets to disconnect IGF1R downregulation and β-arr-BS. Transgenic modulation demonstrated that GRK2 inhibition or GRK6 overexpression enhanced degradation of IGF1R, but both scenarios sustained IGF1-induced β-arr-BS. Pharmacologic inhibition of GRK2 by the clinically approved antidepressant, serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine (PX), recapitulated the effects of GRK2 silencing with dose- and time-dependent IGF1R downregulation without associated β-arr-BS. In vivo, PX treatment caused substantial downregulation of IGF1R, suppressing the growth of Ewing's sarcoma xenografts. Functional studies reveal that PX exploits the antagonism between β-arrestin isoforms; in low ligand conditions, PX favored β-arrestin1/Mdm2-mediated ubiquitination/degradation of IGF1R, a scenario usually exclusive to ligand abundancy, making PX more effective than antibody-mediated IGF1R downregulation. This study provides the rationale, molecular mechanism, and validation of a clinically feasible concept for "system bias" targeting of the IGF1R to uncouple downregulation from signaling. Demonstrating system bias as an effective anticancer approach, our study reveals a novel strategy for the rational design or repurposing of therapeutics to selectively cross-target the IGF1R or other RTK. SIGNIFICANCE: This work provides insight into the molecular and biological roles of biased signaling downstream RTK and provides a novel "system bias" strategy to increase the efficacy of anti-IGF1R-targeted therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitrin Crudden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Takashi Shibano
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dawei Song
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mihnea P Dragomir
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sonia Cismas
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julianna Serly
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniela Nedelcu
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Enrique Fuentes-Mattei
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrei Tica
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ada Girnita
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Dermatology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonard Girnita
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Rukavina Mikusic NL, Silva MG, Pineda AM, Gironacci MM. Angiotensin Receptors Heterodimerization and Trafficking: How Much Do They Influence Their Biological Function? Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1179. [PMID: 32848782 PMCID: PMC7417933 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are targets for around one third of currently approved and clinical prescribed drugs and represent the largest and most structurally diverse family of transmembrane signaling proteins, with almost 1000 members identified in the human genome. Upon agonist stimulation, GPCRs are internalized and trafficked inside the cell: they may be targeted to different organelles, recycled back to the plasma membrane or be degraded. Once inside the cell, the receptors may initiate other signaling pathways leading to different biological responses. GPCRs’ biological function may also be influenced by interaction with other receptors. Thus, the ultimate cellular response may depend not only on the activation of the receptor from the cell membrane, but also from receptor trafficking and/or the interaction with other receptors. This review is focused on angiotensin receptors and how their biological function is influenced by trafficking and interaction with others receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Rukavina Mikusic
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro G Silva
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angélica M Pineda
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela M Gironacci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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48
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DSCAM-AS1 mediates pro-hypertrophy role of GRK2 in cardiac hypertrophy aggravation via absorbing miR-188-5p. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:286-295. [PMID: 32377998 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sustained cardiac hypertrophy, as previously clarified, serves as a critical initiator of heart failure and therefore is acknowledged as an important factor for heart failure treatment. The broadly demonstrated function and participation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumors are well accepted. However, the underlying mechanism implicating lncRNAs in cardiac hypertrophy is mostly unexplored and deserves to be specifically studied. The devised work was aimed to disclose the function of lncRNA DS cell adhesion molecule antisense RNA 1 (DSCAM-AS1) in angiotensin II (AngII)-induced cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, we discovered the upregulation of DSCAM-AS1 in cardiomyocytes treated with AngII by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blot and qRT-PCR suggested that DSCAM-AS1 silencing attenuated the highly expressed hypertrophic biomarkers including β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) at mRNA and protein levels. The expanded cell surface in the presence of AngII treatment area was also shrunk by DSCAM-AS1 silencing. Mechanical analysis manifested that DSCAM-AS1 sponged microRNA-188-5p to boost the pro-hypertrophy gene G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) expression. Rescue experiments unveiled miR-188-5p and GRK2 managed to reverse the anti-hypertrophy impact of DSCAM-AS1 silencing. In summary, DSCAM-AS1 was identified as a positive modulator in cardiac hypertrophy through miR-188-5p decoying and GRK2 augmentation, giving rise to an enriched theoretical basis for finding a promising target in cardiac hypertrophy regulation.
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Fu X, Liu Q, Li C, Li Y, Wang L. Cardiac Fibrosis and Cardiac Fibroblast Lineage-Tracing: Recent Advances. Front Physiol 2020; 11:416. [PMID: 32435205 PMCID: PMC7218116 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological change associated with cardiac injuries and diseases. Even though the accumulation of collagens and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins may have some protective effects in certain situations, prolonged fibrosis usually negatively affects cardiac function and often leads to deleterious consequences. While the development of cardiac fibrosis involves several cell types, the major source of ECM proteins is cardiac fibroblast. The high plasticity of cardiac fibroblasts enables them to quickly change their behaviors in response to injury and transition between several differentiation states. However, the study of cardiac fibroblasts in vivo was very difficult due to the lack of specific research tools. The development of cardiac fibroblast lineage-tracing mouse lines has greatly promoted cardiac fibrosis research. In this article, we review the recent cardiac fibroblast lineage-tracing studies exploring the origin of cardiac fibroblasts and their complicated roles in cardiac fibrosis, and briefly discuss the translational potential of basic cardiac fibroblast researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fu
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Qianglin Liu
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Chaoyang Li
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Yuxia Li
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Leshan Wang
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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50
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Ciccarelli M, Sorriento D, Fiordelisi A, Gambardella J, Franco A, Del Giudice C, Sala M, Monti MG, Bertamino A, Campiglia P, Oliveti M, Poggio P, Trinchese G, Cavaliere G, Cipolletta E, Mollica MP, Bonaduce D, Trimarco B, Iaccarino G. Pharmacological inhibition of GRK2 improves cardiac metabolism and function in experimental heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:1571-1584. [PMID: 32352228 PMCID: PMC7373898 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The effects of GRK2 inhibition on myocardial metabolism in heart failure (HF) are unchartered. In this work, we evaluated the impact of pharmacological inhibition of GRK2 by a cyclic peptide, C7, on metabolic, biochemical, and functional phenotypes in experimental HF. Methods and results C7 was initially tested on adult mice ventricular myocyte from wild type and GRK2 myocardial deficient mice (GRK2‐cKO), to assess the selectivity on GRK2 inhibition. Then, chronic infusion of 2 mg/kg/day of C7 was performed in HF mice with cryogenic myocardial infarction. Cardiac function in vivo was assessed by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. Histological, biochemical, and metabolic studies were performed on heart samples at time points. C7 induces a significant increase of contractility in wild type but not in adult ventricle myocytes from GRK2‐cKO mice, thus confirming C7 selectivity for GRK2. In HF mice, 4 weeks of treatment with C7 improved metabolic features, including mitochondrial organization and function, and restored the biochemical and contractile responses. Conclusions GRK2 is a critical molecule in the physiological regulation of cardiac metabolism. Its alterations in the failing heart can be pharmacologically targeted, leading to the correction of metabolic and functional abnormalities observed in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Fiordelisi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Franco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Del Giudice
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Sala
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Gaia Monti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Oliveti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Trinchese
- Department of Biology, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gina Cavaliere
- Department of Biology, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Ersilia Cipolletta
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Bonaduce
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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