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Li J, Li Y, Zhou L, Li H, Wan T, Tang J, Zhou L, Xie H, Wang L. Microbiome analysis reveals the inducing effect of Pseudomonas on prostatic hyperplasia via activating NF-κB signalling. Virulence 2024; 15:2313410. [PMID: 38378443 PMCID: PMC10880505 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2313410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent disease among middle-aged and elderly males, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Dysbiosis of the microbiome is increasingly recognized as a significant factor in various human diseases. Prostate tissue also contains a unique microbiome, and its dysbiosis has been proposed to contribute to prostate diseases. Here, we obtained prostate tissues and preoperative catheterized urine from 24 BPH individuals, and 8 normal prostate samples as controls, which followed strict aseptic measures. Using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), we found the disparities in the microbiome composition between normal and BPH tissues, with Pseudomonas significantly enriched in BPH tissues, as confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Additionally, we showed that the prostate microbiome differed from the urine microbiome. In vitro experiments revealed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Pseudomonas activated NF-κB signalling, leading to inflammation, proliferation, and EMT processes, while inhibiting apoptosis in prostatic cells. Overall, our research determines the presence of microbiome dysbiosis in BPH, and suggests that Pseudomonas, as the dominant microflora, may promote the progression of BPH through LPS activation of NF-κB signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaren Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Youyou Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongming Li
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tengfei Wan
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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2
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Saleem A, Saleem Bhat S, A. Omonijo F, A Ganai N, M. Ibeagha-Awemu E, Mudasir Ahmad S. Immunotherapy in mastitis: state of knowledge, research gaps and way forward. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-23. [PMID: 38973225 PMCID: PMC11232650 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2363626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is an inflammatory condition that affects dairy cow's mammary glands. Traditional treatment approaches with antibiotics are increasingly leading to challenging scenarios such as antimicrobial resistance. In order to mitigate the unwanted side effects of antibiotics, alternative strategies such as those that harness the host immune system response, also known as immunotherapy, have been implemented. Immunotherapy approaches to treat bovine mastitis aims to enhance the cow's immune response against pathogens by promoting pathogen clearance, and facilitating tissue repair. Various studies have demonstrated the potential of immunotherapy for reducing the incidence, duration and severity of mastitis. Nevertheless, majority of reported therapies are lacking in specificity hampering their broad application to treat mastitis. Meanwhile, advancements in mastitis immunotherapy hold great promise for the dairy industry, with potential to provide effective and sustainable alternatives to traditional antibiotic-based approaches. This review synthesizes immunotherapy strategies, their current understanding and potential future perspectives. The future perspectives should focus on the development of precision immunotherapies tailored to address individual pathogens/group of pathogens, development of combination therapies to address antimicrobial resistance, and the integration of nano- and omics technologies. By addressing research gaps, the field of mastitis immunotherapy can make significant strides in the control, treatment and prevention of mastitis, ultimately benefiting both animal and human health/welfare, and environment health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Saleem
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Faith A. Omonijo
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | | | - Eveline M. Ibeagha-Awemu
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Canada
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3
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Jaishwal P, Jha K, Singh SP. Revisiting the dimensions of universal vaccine with special focus on COVID-19: Efficacy versus methods of designing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134012. [PMID: 39048013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Even though the use of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic showed unprecedented success in a short time, it also exposed a flaw in the current vaccine design strategy to offer broad protection against emerging variants of concern. However, developing broad-spectrum vaccines is still a challenge for immunologists. The development of universal vaccines against emerging pathogens and their variants appears to be a practical solution to mitigate the economic and physical effects of the pandemic on society. Very few reports are available to explain the basic concept of universal vaccine design and development. This review provides an overview of the innate and adaptive immune responses generated against vaccination and essential insight into immune mechanisms helpful in designing universal vaccines targeting influenza viruses and coronaviruses. In addition, the characteristics, safety, and factors affecting the efficacy of universal vaccines have been discussed. Furthermore, several advancements in methods worthy of designing universal vaccines are described, including chimeric immunogens, heterologous prime-boost vaccines, reverse vaccinology, structure-based antigen design, pan-reactive antibody vaccines, conserved neutralizing epitope-based vaccines, mosaic nanoparticle-based vaccines, etc. In addition to the several advantages, significant potential constraints, such as defocusing the immune response and subdominance, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Jaishwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, India
| | - Kisalay Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, India
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4
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Yi XM, Lei YL, Li M, Zhong L, Li S. The monkeypox virus-host interplays. CELL INSIGHT 2024; 3:100185. [PMID: 39144256 PMCID: PMC11321328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a DNA virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus within the Poxviridae family which can cause a zoonotic infection. The unexpected non-endemic outbreak of mpox in 2022 is considered as a new global threat. It is imperative to take proactive measures, including enhancing our understanding of MPXV's biology and pathogenesis, and developing novel antiviral strategies. The host immune responses play critical roles in defensing against MPXV infection while the virus has also evolved multiple strategies for immune escape. This review summarizes the biological features, antiviral immunity, immune evasion mechanisms, pathogenicity, and prevention strategies for MPXV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Yi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ya-Li Lei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Mi Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Li Zhong
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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5
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Mahmoudi F, Jalayeri MHT, Montaseri A, MohamedKhosroshahi L, Baradaran B. Microbial natural compounds and secondary metabolites as Immunomodulators: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134778. [PMID: 39153680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Immunomodulatory therapies are beneficial strategies for the improvement of immune system function. Today, due to the increasing prevalence of immune disorders, cancer, and new viral diseases, there is a greater need to introduce immunomodulatory compounds with more efficiency and fewer side effects. Microbial derivatives are fertile and attractive grounds for discovering lots of novel compounds with various medical properties. The discovery of many natural compounds derived from bacterial sources, such as secondary metabolites with promising immunomodulating activities, represents the importance of this topic in drug discovery and emphasizes the necessity for a coherent source of study in this area. Considering this need, in this review, we aim to focus on the current information about the immunomodulatory effects of bacterial secondary metabolites and natural immunomodulators derived from microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hadi Tajik Jalayeri
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Sayad Shirazi Hospital Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Montaseri
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Leila MohamedKhosroshahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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6
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Yang HW, Hu T, Ait-Ali T. Lawsonia intracellularis regulates nuclear factor-κB signalling pathway during infection. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310804. [PMID: 39325775 PMCID: PMC11426430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lawsonia intracellularis is the etiological agent of proliferative enteropathy (PE) in pigs, horses and wide range of mammals. Little is known about the role of innate immune response during L. intracellularis infection. In this study, we investigated the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-regulated immune response against infection of a clinical strain Dkp23 and a live-attenuated Enterisol vaccine strain in PK-15 cells. We found that expression of NF-κB target genes TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-8 were modulated during the course of infection. At 5 dpi, there was a significant increase in p65 NF-κB activation, including protein nuclear translocation and phosphorylation, synchronous with the induction of IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-8 expression in L. intracellularis infected cells, especially for Enterisol vaccine strain-infected cells. This result suggests that NF-κB signalling level is induced when L. intracellularis bacterial load peaks at 5 dpi. The induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression is consistent with the decreased viability of L. intracellularis-infected cells especially that of the vaccine strain. There were no significant changes in NF-κB signalling between vaccine and Dkp23 infection in PK-15 cells, except for moderate levels of differences in NF-κB target genes expression which might be a reflection of differences in intracellular bacterial load. Overall, the data presented here indicate a correlation between the induction of NF-κB signalling and the L. intracellularis bacterial load in PK-15 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan W Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana, Champaign, IL, United States of America
| | - Tuanjun Hu
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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7
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Jarvi N, Hofman K, Venkatesh A, Gorecki E, Balu-Iyer S. Immunogenicity risk assessment of empty capsids present in adeno-associated viral vectors using predictive innate immune responses. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00410-6. [PMID: 39326842 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Immunogenicity of gene therapy and the impacts on safety and efficacy are of increasing interest in the pharmaceutical industry. Unique structural aspects of gene therapy delivery vectors, such as adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors, are expected to activate the innate immune system. The risk of innate immune activation is critical to understand due to the potential impacts on safety and on subsequent adaptive immune responses. In this study, we investigated the responses of key innate immune players-dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and the complement system-to AAV8 capsids. Immunogenicity risk was also predicted in the presence empty AAV capsids for AAV gene therapy. Compared to genome-containing "full" AAV8 capsids, empty AAV8 capsids more strongly induced proinflammatory cytokine production and migration by human and mouse dendritic cells, but the "full" capsid increased expression of co-stimulatory markers. Furthermore, in an NK cell degranulation assay, we found mixtures of empty and full AAV8 capsids to activate expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and CD107a more strongly in multiple NK cell populations compared to either capsid type alone. Serum complement C3a was also induced more strongly in the presence of mixed empty and full AAV8 capsid formulations. Risk for innate immune activation suggests the importance to determine acceptable limits of empty capsids. Immunogenicity risk assessment of novel biological modalities will benefit from the aforementioned in vitro innate immune activation assays providing valuable mechanistic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Jarvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Kirk Hofman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Aditi Venkatesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Emily Gorecki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Sathy Balu-Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
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8
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Wang H, Xu Q, Heng H, Zhao W, Ni H, Chen K, Wai Chan BK, Tang Y, Xie M, Peng M, Chi Chan EW, Yang G, Chen S. High mortality of Acinetobacter baumannii infection is attributed to macrophage-mediated induction of cytokine storm but preventable by naproxen. EBioMedicine 2024; 108:105340. [PMID: 39303669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) strains poses further challenges in its control and clinical management. It is necessary to decipher the mechanisms underlying the high mortality of Ab infections to explore unconventional strategies for controlling outbreaks of drug-resistant infections. METHODS The immune responses of Ab sepsis infection were investigated using flow cytometry, RNA-seq, qRT-PCR, and ELISA and scRNA-seq. The detailed pathways mediating Ab immune responses were also depicted and a specific therapy was developed based on the understanding of the mechanisms underlying Ab-induced cytokine storms. FINDINGS The results highlighted the critical role of alveolar and interstitial macrophages as targets of Ab during the infection process. These cells were found to undergo polarization towards the M1 phenotype, triggering a cytokine storm that eventually caused the death of the host. The polarization and excessive inflammatory response mediated by macrophages were mainly regulated by the TLR2/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Suppression of Ab-triggered inflammatory responses and M1 polarization by the drug naproxen (NPXS) was shown to confer full protection of mice from lethal infections. INTERPRETATION The findings in this work depict the major mechanisms underlying the high mortality rate of Ab infections and highlight the clinical potential application of anti-inflammatory drugs or immunosuppressants in reducing the mortality of such infections, including those caused by MDR strains. FUNDING Funding sources are described in the acknowledgments section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Xu
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heng Heng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wenxing Zhao
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongyuhang Ni
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kaichao Chen
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bill Kwan Wai Chan
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Miaomiao Xie
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingxiu Peng
- Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Edward Wai Chi Chan
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guan Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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9
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Ivanov JM, Tenchov R, Ralhan K, Iyer KA, Agarwal S, Zhou QA. In Silico Insights: QSAR Modeling of TBK1 Kinase Inhibitors for Enhanced Drug Discovery. J Chem Inf Model 2024. [PMID: 39289178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
TBK1, or TANK-binding kinase 1, is an enzyme that functions as a serine/threonine protein kinase. It plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including the innate immune response to viruses, cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and antitumor immunity. Dysregulation of TBK1 activity can lead to autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Due to its central role in these critical pathways, TBK1 is a significant focus of research for therapeutic drug development. In this paper, we explore data from the CAS Content Collection regarding TBK1 and its implication in a large assortment of diseases and disorders. With the demand for developing efficient TBK1 inhibitors being outlined, we focus on utilizing a machine learning approach for developing predictive models for TBK1 inhibition, derived from the fragment-functional analysis descriptors. Using the extensive CAS Content Collection, we assembled a training set of TBK1 inhibitors with experimentally measured IC50 values. We explored several machine learning techniques combined with various molecular descriptors to derive and select the best TBK1 inhibitor QSAR models. Certain significant structural alerts that potentially contribute to inhibition of TBK1 are outlined and discussed. The merit of the article stems from identifying the most adequate TBK1 QSAR models and subsequent successful development of advanced positive training data to facilitate and enhance drug discovery for an important therapeutic target such as TBK1 inhibitors, based on an extensive, wide-ranging set of scientific information provided by the CAS Content Collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Ivanov
- CAS, A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Kavita A Iyer
- ACS International India Pvt. Ltd., Pune 411044, India
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10
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Jawale D, Khandibharad S, Singh S. Innate Immune Response and Epigenetic Regulation: A Closely Intertwined Tale in Inflammation. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400278. [PMID: 39267219 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of delicate homeostasis is very important in various diseases because it ensures appropriate immune surveillance against pathogens and prevents excessive inflammation. In a disturbed homeostatic condition, hyperactivation of immune cells takes place and interplay between these cells triggers a plethora of signaling pathways, releasing various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), Interferon-gamma (IFNƴ), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which marks cytokine storm formation. To be precise, dysregulated balance can impede or increase susceptibility to various pathogens. Pathogens have the ability to hijack the host immune system by interfering with the host's chromatin architecture for their survival and replication in the host cell. Cytokines, particularly IL-6, Interleukin-17 (IL-17), and Interleukin-23 (IL-23), play a key role in orchestrating innate immune responses and shaping adaptive immunity. Understanding the interplay between immune response and the role of epigenetic modification to maintain immune homeostasis and the structural aspects of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 can be illuminating for a novel therapeutic regimen to treat various infectious diseases. In this review, the light is shed on how the orchestration of epigenetic regulation facilitates immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Jawale
- Systems Medicine Laboratory, Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council-National Centre for Cell Science (BRIC-NCCS), NCCS Complex, SPPU Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Shweta Khandibharad
- Systems Medicine Laboratory, Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council-National Centre for Cell Science (BRIC-NCCS), NCCS Complex, SPPU Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Shailza Singh
- Systems Medicine Laboratory, Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council-National Centre for Cell Science (BRIC-NCCS), NCCS Complex, SPPU Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
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11
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Kircheis R, Planz O. Special Issue "The Role of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) in Infection and Inflammation 2.0". Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9709. [PMID: 39273656 PMCID: PMC11396464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key players in the innate immune system, in host' first-line defense against pathogens [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Planz
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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12
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Neupane KR, Aryal SP, Harvey BT, Ramon GS, Chun B, McCorkle JR, Kolesar JM, Kekenes-Huskey PM, Richards CI. Organelle Specific Macrophage Engineered Vesicles Differentially Reprogram Macrophage Polarization. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401906. [PMID: 39240019 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the majority of the immune cells present in the tumor microenvironment. These macrophages exhibit an anti-inflammatory (M2)-like physiological state and execute immune-suppressive and tumor-supporting properties. With TAMs being plastic, there is a growing interest in reprogramming them toward a pro-inflammatory (M1)-like phenotype that exhibits anti-tumoral properties. Recent studies have demonstrated that both engineered vesicles derived from macrophages and endogenous extracellular vesicles produced by macrophages can be programmed to alter macrophage phenotype. Here it is demonstrated that pro-inflammatory macrophage-engineered subcellular vesicles (MEVs) have differential properties based on their organelle of origin. Endoplasmic reticulum specific MEVs (erMEVs) treated M2 macrophages exhibit enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to plasma membrane specific MEVs (pmMEVs) treated M2 macrophages. In addition, under in vitro co-culture conditions, erMEVs elicit superior efficacy in suppressing the viability of cancer cells compared to the same concentration of pmMEVs. Furthermore, erMEVs and pmMEVs maintain differences in their membrane proteins, that regulate the repolarization efficacy of M2 macrophages toward an M1-like phenotype. In addition, The M2 to M1 repolarizing efficacy of MEVs can be altered by changing the activity of the membrane proteins present on erMEVs or pmMEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaga R Neupane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Surya P Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Brock T Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Geraldine San Ramon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Byeong Chun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60153, USA
| | - J Robert McCorkle
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Jill M Kolesar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Peter M Kekenes-Huskey
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60153, USA
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Breivik TJ, Gjermo P, Gundersen Y, Opstad PK, Murison R, Hugoson A, von Hörsten S, Fristad I. Microbiota-immune-brain interactions: A new vision in the understanding of periodontal health and disease. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 39233381 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
This review highlights the significance of interactions between the microbiota, immune system, nervous and hormonal systems, and the brain on periodontal health and disease. Microorganisms in the microbiota, immune cells, and neurons communicate via homeostatic nervous and hormonal systems, regulating vital body functions. By modulating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adaptive immune responses, these systems control the composition and number of microorganisms in the microbiota. The strength of these brain-controlled responses is genetically determined but is sensitive to early childhood stressors, which can permanently alter their responsiveness via epigenetic mechanisms, and to adult stressors, causing temporary changes. Clinical evidence and research with humans and animal models indicate that factors linked to severe periodontitis enhance the responsiveness of these homeostatic systems, leading to persistent hyperactivation. This weakens the immune defense against invasive symbiotic microorganisms (pathobionts) while strengthening the defense against non-invasive symbionts at the gingival margin. The result is an increased gingival tissue load of pathobionts, including Gram-negative bacteria, followed by an excessive innate immune response, which prevents infection but simultaneously destroys gingival and periodontal tissues. Thus, the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adaptive immunity is crucial in controlling the microbiota, and the responsiveness of brain-controlled homeostatic systems determines periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjørn Jarle Breivik
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Odontology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division for Protection, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Per Gjermo
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Odontology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yngvar Gundersen
- Division for Protection, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Per Kristian Opstad
- Division for Protection, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Robert Murison
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Hugoson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and School of Health and Welfare, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephan von Hörsten
- Department for Experimental Therapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Preclinical Experimental Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Inge Fristad
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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14
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Lv X, Min J, Huang J, Wang H, Wei S, Huang C, Dai J, Chen Z, Zhou H, Xu Y, Zhao H, Liu Z, Wang J. Simultaneously Controlling Inflammation and Infection by Smart Nanomedicine Responding to the Inflammatory Microenvironment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403934. [PMID: 39225387 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The overactivated immune cells in the infectious lesion may lead to irreversible organ damages under severe infections. However, clinically used immunosuppressive anti-inflammatory drugs will usually disturb immune homeostasis and conversely increase the risk of infections. Regulating the balance between anti-inflammation and anti-infection is thus critical in treating certain infectious diseases. Herein, considering that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and neutrophils are upregulated in the inflammatory microenvironment and closely related to the severity of appendectomy patients, an inflammatory-microenvironment-responsive nanomedicine is designed by using poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles to load chlorine E6 (Ce6), a photosensitizer, and luminal (Lum), a chemiluminescent agent. The obtained Lum/Ce6@PLGA nanoparticles, being non-toxic within normal physiological environment, can generate cytotoxic single oxygen via bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in the inflammatory microenvironment with upregulated H2O2 and MPO, simultaneously killing pathogens and excessive inflammatory immune cells in the lesion, without disturbing immune homeostasis. As evidenced in various clinically relevant bacterial infection models and virus-induced pneumonia, Lum/Ce6@PLGA nanoparticles appeared to be rather effective in controlling both infection and inflammation, resulting in significantly improved animal survival. Therefore, the BRET-based nanoparticles by simultaneously controlling infections and inflammation may be promising nano-therapeutics for treatment of severe infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjing Lv
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jie Min
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Song Wei
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Chenxiao Huang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jianfeng Dai
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhengrong Chen
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Huiting Zhou
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yunyun Xu
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - He Zhao
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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15
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Huang L, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Lin C, Zhao Z, Li R, Saw PE, Xu X. Advances in targeted delivery of mRNA into immune cells for enhanced cancer therapy. Theranostics 2024; 14:5528-5550. [PMID: 39310113 PMCID: PMC11413781 DOI: 10.7150/thno.93745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy has been applied to the treatment of various human diseases including malignant tumors. Increasing evidences have shown that mRNA can enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by modulating the functions of immune cells and stimulating their activity. However, mRNA is a type of negatively charged biomacromolecules that are susceptible to serum nucleases and cannot readily cross the cell membrane. In the past few decades, various nanoparticles (NPs)-based delivery systems have been rationally designed and developed to facilitate the intracellular uptake and cytosolic delivery of mRNA. More importantly, by means of the specific recognition between the targeting ligands decorated on NP surface and receptors specifically expressed on immune cells, these mRNA delivery systems could be functionalized to target immune cells to further enhance the mRNA-based cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we briefly introduced the advancements of mRNA in cancer therapy, discussed the challenges faced by mRNA delivery, and systematically summarized the recent development in NPs-based mRNA delivery systems targeting various types of immune cells for cancer immunotherapy. The future development of NPs-mediated targeted mRNA delivery and their challenges in clinical translation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhuo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Nanomaterials, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, P. R. China
| | - Zhiquan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Nanomaterials, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Nanomaterials, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, P. R. China
| | - Chunhao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Nanomaterials, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, P. R. China
| | - Rong Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, P. R. China
| | - Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Nanomaterials, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoding Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Nanomaterials, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, P. R. China
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16
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Mu J, Shen Y, Zhu F, Zhang Q. Association of TLR4 polymorphisms (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) with sepsis: a meta-analysis and trial sequence analysis. APMIS 2024. [PMID: 39222487 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Several investigations have been carried out to explore the genetic association of TLR4 codon variants, specifically Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile, and susceptibility to sepsis, but the results have been contradictory. The present study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to draw a definitive conclusion regarding the role of TLR4 genetic variants (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) in sepsis. A thorough literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to ensure the accuracy of the data. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software v4 was utilized to perform the meta-analysis and related analyses. A total of 13 studies were analyzed, including 2328 sepsis cases and 2495 healthy controls for the TLR4 Asp299Gly variant. Eight studies provided genotype data for the rs4986791 polymorphism. The Asp299Gly variant showed a marginal protective effect in the allele (p = 0.08, odds ratio = 0.71) and dominant (p = 0.09, odds ratio = 0.71) genetic models, although it was not statistically significant. The trial sequential analysis indicated that further case-control studies are necessary to draw definitive conclusions about the TLR4 polymorphisms in sepsis. The TLR4 Asp299Gly variant may have a protective effect against sepsis. However, additional research with larger sample sizes across diverse populations is required to validate this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Mu
- Department of Critical care Medicine 330 wards, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Furong Zhu
- School of Nursing Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi Institute of Biomedicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qixia Zhang
- Department of Critical care Medicine 330 wards, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Zhang W, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Fucoidan from Costaria costata Inhibited Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Mice. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:401. [PMID: 39330282 DOI: 10.3390/md22090401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Seaweed extracts, especially fucoidan, are well known for their immune-modulating abilities. In this current study, we extracted fucoidan from Costaria costata, a seaweed commonly found in coastal Asia, and examined its anti-inflammatory effect. Fucoidan was extracted from dried C. costata (FCC) using an alcohol extraction method at an extraction rate of 4.5 ± 0.21%. The extracted FCC comprised the highest proportion of carbohydrates, along with sulfate and uronic acid. The immune regulatory effect of FCC was examined using bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Pretreatment with FCC dose-dependently decreased the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex. In addition, FCC prevented morphological changes in LPS-induced BMDCs. Moreover, treatment of LPS-induced BMDCs with FCC suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In C57BL/6 mice, oral administration of FCC suppressed LPS-induced lung inflammation, reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Finally, the administration of FCC suppressed LPS-induced sepsis. Therefore, FCC could be developed as a health supplement based on the observed anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Peter C W Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Microbiology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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18
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Rassmidatta K, Theapparat Y, Chanaksorn N, Carcano P, Adeyemi KD, Ruangpanit Y. Dietary Kluyveromyces marxianus hydrolysate alters humoral immunity, jejunal morphology, cecal microbiota and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens raised under a high stocking density. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103970. [PMID: 38970846 PMCID: PMC11264189 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of dietary supplementation with hydrolyzed yeast (Kluyveromyces marxianus) on growth performance, humoral immunity, jejunal morphology, cecal microbiota and metabolic pathways in broilers raised at 45 kg/m2. A total of 1,176 mixed sex 1-day-old Ross 308 broilers were distributed into 42 pens and randomly assigned to either the control group, the control + 250 g hydrolyzed yeast (HY)/ton, 250HY group, or the control + 500 g HY/ton, 500HY group for 42 d. HY did not affect growth performance. However, HY reduced (P < 0.05) mortality at 25 to 35 d. Dietary HY lowered the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio and enhanced the villus height/crypt depth ratio and Newcastle disease titer (P < 0.05). Compared with HY250 and the control, HY500 upregulated (P < 0.05) IL-10. HY enhanced the α diversity, inferring the richness and evenness of the ceca microbiota. HY500 had greater β diversity than the control (P < 0.05). Six bacterial phyla, namely, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Cyanobacteria, were found. The relative abundance of Firmicutes was greater in the HY500 treatment group than in the HY250 and control groups. HY decreased the abundance of Actinobacteria. HY supplementation altered (P < 0.05) the abundance of 8 higher-level taxa consisting of 2 classes (Bacilli and Clostridia), 1 order (Lactobacillales), 1 family (Streptococcaceae), and five genera (Streptococcus, Lachnospiraceae_uc, Akkermansiaceae, PACO01270_g, and LLKB_g). HY500 improved (P < 0.05) the abundance of Bacilli, Clostridia, Lactobacillales, Streptococcaceae, Streptococcus, PACO01270_g, and Lachnospiraceae_uc, while HY250 enhanced (P < 0.05) the abundance of Akkermansiaceae and LLKB_g. HY improved the abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia spp. Minimal set of pathway analyses revealed that compared with the control, both HY250 and HY500 regulated 20 metabolic pathways. These findings suggest that dietary K. marxianus hydrolysate, especially HY500, improved humoral immunity and jejunal morphology and beneficially altered the composition and metabolic pathways of the cecal microbiota in broilers raised at 45 kg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konkawat Rassmidatta
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Sean, Kasetsart University, Kamphang Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
| | - Yongyuth Theapparat
- Center of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | | | | | - Kazeem D Adeyemi
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Yuwares Ruangpanit
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Sean, Kasetsart University, Kamphang Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand.
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19
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Ahamed F, Eppler N, Jones E, Zhang Y. Understanding Macrophage Complexity in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Transitioning from the M1/M2 Paradigm to Spatial Dynamics. LIVERS 2024; 4:455-478. [PMID: 39328386 PMCID: PMC11426415 DOI: 10.3390/livers4030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver (MASL) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), with MASH posing a risk of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The global prevalence of MASLD is estimated at approximately a quarter of the population, with significant healthcare costs and implications for liver transplantation. The pathogenesis of MASLD involves intrahepatic liver cells, extrahepatic components, and immunological aspects, particularly the involvement of macrophages. Hepatic macrophages are a crucial cellular component of the liver and play important roles in liver function, contributing significantly to tissue homeostasis and swift responses during pathophysiological conditions. Recent advancements in technology have revealed the remarkable heterogeneity and plasticity of hepatic macrophage populations and their activation states in MASLD, challenging traditional classification methods like the M1/M2 paradigm and highlighting the coexistence of harmful and beneficial macrophage phenotypes that are dynamically regulated during MASLD progression. This complexity underscores the importance of considering macrophage heterogeneity in therapeutic targeting strategies, including their distinct ontogeny and functional phenotypes. This review provides an overview of macrophage involvement in MASLD progression, combining traditional paradigms with recent insights from single-cell analysis and spatial dynamics. It also addresses unresolved questions and challenges in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forkan Ahamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, MS 1018, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Natalie Eppler
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, MS 1018, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Elizabeth Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, MS 1018, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, MS 1018, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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20
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Kelnhofer-Millevolte LE, Arnold EA, Nguyen DH, Avgousti DC. Controlling Much? Viral Control of Host Chromatin Dynamics. Annu Rev Virol 2024; 11:171-191. [PMID: 38684115 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-100422-011616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Viruses are exemplary molecular biologists and have been integral to scientific discovery for generations. It is therefore no surprise that nuclear replicating viruses have evolved to systematically take over host cell function through astoundingly specific nuclear and chromatin hijacking. In this review, we focus on nuclear replicating DNA viruses-herpesviruses and adenoviruses-as key examples of viral invasion in the nucleus. We concentrate on critical features of nuclear architecture, such as chromatin and the nucleolus, to illustrate the complexity of the virus-host battle for resources in the nucleus. We conclude with a discussion of the technological advances that have enabled the discoveries we describe and upcoming steps in this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel E Kelnhofer-Millevolte
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Edward A Arnold
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Daniel H Nguyen
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA;
| | - Daphne C Avgousti
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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21
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Futse JE, Zumor-Baligi S, Ashiagbor CNK, Noh SM, Fox CB, Palmer GH. An adjuvant formulation containing Toll-like Receptor 7 agonist stimulates protection against morbidity and mortality due to Anaplasma marginale in a highly endemic region of west Africa. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306092. [PMID: 39208226 PMCID: PMC11361566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficient cattle production and provision of animal-sourced foods in much of Africa is constrained by vector-borne bacterial and protozoal diseases. Effective vaccines are not currently available for most of these infections resulting in a continuous disease burden that limits genetic improvement. We tested whether stimulation of innate immunity using the Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 7 agonist imiquimod, formulated with saponin and water-in-oil emulsion, would protect against morbidity and mortality due to Anaplasma marginale, a tick-borne pathogen of cattle highly endemic in west Africa. In Trial 1, haplotype matched Friesian x Sanga (F1) A. marginale negative calves were allocated to either the experimental group (n = 10) and injected with the synthetic TLR 7 agonist/saponin formulation or to an untreated control group (n = 10). TLR7 agonist/saponin injected calves responded with significantly elevated rectal temperature, enlarged regional lymph nodes, and elevated levels of IL-6 post-injection as compared to control group calves. All calves were then allowed to graze in pasture for natural exposure to tick transmission. All calves in both groups acquired A. marginale, consistent with the high transmission rate in the endemic region. The need for antibiotic treatment, using pre-existing criteria, was significantly lower in the experimental group (odds ratio for not requiring treatment was 9.3, p = 0.03) as compared to the control group. Despite treatment, 6/10 calves in the control group died, reflecting treatment failures that are typical of anaplasmosis in the acute phase, while mortality in the experimental group was 1/10 (odds ratio for survival was 13.5, p = 0.03). The trial was then repeated using 45 Friesian x Sanga calves per group. In Trial 2, the odds ratios for preventing the need for treatment and for mortality in the TLR7 agonist/saponin experimental group versus the control group were 5.6 (p = 0.0002) and 7.0 (p = 0.004), respectively, reproducing the findings of the initial trial. Together these findings demonstrate that innate immune stimulation using a TLR7 agonist formulated with saponin and water-in-oil emulsion provides significant protection against disease caused by tick borne A. marginale in highly susceptible cross-bred cattle, critically important for their potential to increase productivity for smallholder farmers in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Futse
- Animal Disease Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Songliedong Zumor-Baligi
- Animal Disease Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Charles N. K. Ashiagbor
- Animal Disease Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Susan M. Noh
- Animal Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christopher B. Fox
- Access to Advanced Health Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Guy H. Palmer
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Tropical Infectious Diseases, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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22
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Lecoultre M, Walker PR, El Helali A. Oncolytic virus and tumor-associated macrophage interactions in cancer immunotherapy. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:202. [PMID: 39196415 PMCID: PMC11358230 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OV) are a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Their capacity to promote anti-tumoral immunity locally raises hope that cancers unresponsive to current immunotherapy approaches could be tackled more efficiently. In this context, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) must be considered because of their pivotal role in cancer immunity. Even though TAM tend to inhibit anti-tumoral responses, their ability to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and phagocytose cancer cells can be harnessed to promote therapeutic cancer immunity. OVs have the potential to promote TAM pro-inflammatory functions that favor anti-tumoral immunity. But in parallel, TAM pro-inflammatory functions induce OV clearance in the tumor, thereby limiting OV efficacy and highlighting that the interaction between OV and TAM is a double edge sword. Moreover, engineered OVs were recently developed to modulate specific TAM functions such as phagocytic activity. The potential of circulating monocytes to deliver OV into the tumor after intravenous administration is also emerging. In this review, we will present the interaction between OV and TAM, the potential of engineered OV to modulate specific TAM functions, and the promising role of circulating monocytes in OV delivery to the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Lecoultre
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul R Walker
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Immunobiology of Brain Tumours Laboratory, Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aya El Helali
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China.
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Shao R, Visser I, Fros JJ, Yin X. Versatility of the Zinc-Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP) As a Modulator of Viral Infections. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:4585-4600. [PMID: 39309436 PMCID: PMC11414379 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.98029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is a restriction factor that proficiently impedes the replication of a variety of RNA and DNA viruses. In recent years, the affinity of ZAP's zinc-fingers for single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) rich in CpG dinucleotides was uncovered. High frequencies of CpGs in RNA may suggest a non-self origin, which underscores the importance of ZAP as a potential cellular sensor of (viral) RNA. Upon binding viral RNA, ZAP recruits cellular cofactors to orchestrate a finely tuned antiviral response that limits virus replication via distinct mechanisms. These include promoting degradation of viral RNA, inhibiting RNA translation, and synergizing with other immune pathways. Depending on the viral species and experimental set-up, different isoforms and cellular cofactors have been reported to be dominant in shaping the ZAP-mediated antiviral response. Here we review how ZAP differentially affects viral replication depending on distinct interactions with RNA, cellular cofactors, and viral proteins to discuss how these interactions shape the antiviral mechanisms that have thus far been reported for ZAP. Importantly, we zoom in on the unknown aspects of ZAP's antiviral system and its therapeutic potential to be employed in vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Imke Visser
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jelke J Fros
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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Kirthika P, Senevirathne A, Park S, Aganja RP, Kim IS, Tae HJ, Lee JH. Intracellular Survival and Pathogenicity Modulation of Salmonella Lon, CpxR, and RfaL Mutants Used as Live Bacterial Vectors under Abiotic Stress, Unveiling the Link between Stress Response and Virulence in Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9056. [PMID: 39201742 PMCID: PMC11354574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, two Salmonella Typhimurium strains, JOL 912 and JOL 1800, were engineered from the wild-type JOL 401 strain through in-frame deletions of the lon and cpxR genes, with JOL 1800 also lacking rfaL. These deletions significantly attenuated the strains, impairing their intracellular survival and creating unique immunological profiles. This study investigates the response of these strains to various abiotic stress conditions commonly experienced in vivo, including temperature, acidity, osmotic, and oxidative stress. Notably, cold stress induced a non-significant trend towards increased invasion by Salmonella compared to other stressors. Despite the observed attenuation, no significant alterations in entry mechanisms (trigger vs. zipper) were noted between these strains, although variations were evident depending on the host cell type. Both strains effectively localized within the cytoplasm, demonstrating their ability to invade and interact with the intracellular environment. Immunologically, JOL 912 elicited a robust response, marked by substantial activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), and chemokines, interleukin 8 (CXCL 8) and interleukin 10 (CXCL 10), comparable to the wild-type JOL 401 (over a fourfold increase compared to JOL 1800). In contrast, JOL 1800 exhibited a minimal immune response. Additionally, these attenuations influenced the expression of cyclins D1 and B1 and caspases 3 and 7, indicating cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and promotion of the G0/G1 to S phase transition, alongside apoptosis in infected cells. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms governing the association, internalization, and survival of Salmonella mutants, enhancing our understanding of their regulatory effects on host cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perumalraja Kirthika
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (P.K.); (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
| | - Amal Senevirathne
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (P.K.); (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
| | - Sungwoo Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (P.K.); (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
| | - Ram Prasad Aganja
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (P.K.); (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
| | - In-Shik Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (I.-S.K.); (H.-J.T.)
| | - Hyun-Jin Tae
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (I.-S.K.); (H.-J.T.)
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (P.K.); (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
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Mohamed Alipiah N, Salleh A, Sarizan NM, Ikhsan N. Molecular characterization and gene expression of pattern recognition receptors in brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) fingerlings responding to vibriosis infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 161:105253. [PMID: 39168397 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The pathogen recognition system involves receptors and genes that play a crucial role in activating innate immune response in brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) as a control agent against various infections including vibriosis. Here, we report the molecular cloning of partial open reading frames, sequences characterization, and expression profiles of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in brown-marbled grouper. The PRRs, namely pglyrp5, tlr5, ctlD, and ctlE in brown-marbled grouper, possess conserved domains and showed shared evolutionary relationships with other fishes, humans, mammals, birds, reptilians, amphibians, and insects. In infection experiments, up to 50% mortality was found in brown-marbled grouper fingerlings infected with Vibrio alginolyticus compared to 27% mortality infected Vibrio parahaemolyticus and 100% survival of control groups. It is also demonstrated that all four PRRs had higher expression in samples infected with V. alginolyticus compared to V. parahaemolyticus. This PRRs gene expression analysis revealed that all four PRRs expressed rapidly at 4-h post-inoculation even though the Vibrio count was only detected earliest at 12-h post-inoculation in samples. The highest expression recorded was from V. alginolyticus inoculated fish spleen with up to 73-fold change for pglyrp5 gene, followed by 14 to 38-fold expression for the same treatment in spleen, head kidney, and blood samples for other PRRs, namely tlr5, ctlD, and ctlE genes. Meanwhile less than a 10% increase in expression of all four genes was detected in spleen, head kidney, and blood samples inoculated with V. parahaemolyticus. These findings indicated that pglyrp5, tlr5, ctlD, and ctlE play important roles in the early immune response to vibriosis infected, brown-marbled grouper fingerlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norfarrah Mohamed Alipiah
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Annas Salleh
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Maisarah Sarizan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Arau Campus, Perlis Branch, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Natrah Ikhsan
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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26
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Hu W, Chen S, Zou X, Chen Y, Luo J, Zhong P, Ma D. Oral microbiome, periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases in the era of homeostatic medicine. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00362-X. [PMID: 39159722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeostasis is a state of self-regulation and dynamic equilibrium, maintaining the good physiological functions of each system in living organisms. In the oral cavity, the interaction between the host and the oral microbiome forms oral microbial homeostasis. Physiological bone remodeling and renewal can occur under the maintenance of oral microbial homeostasis. The imbalance of bone homeostasis is a key mechanism leading to the occurrence of systemic bone-related diseases. Considering the importance of oral microbial homeostasis in the maintenance of bone homeostasis, it still lacks a complete understanding of the relationship between oral microbiome, periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases. AIM OF REVIEW This review focuses on the homeostatic changes, pathogenic routes and potential mechanisms in the oral microbiome in periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and osteomyelitis. Additionally, this review discusses oral microbiome-based diagnostic approaches and explores probiotics, mesenchymal stem cells, and oral microbiome transplantation as promising treatment strategies. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review highlights the association between oral microbial homeostasis imbalance and systemic bone-related diseases, and highlights the possibility of remodeling oral microbial homeostasis for the prevention and treatment of systemic bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Hu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Shuoling Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Xianghui Zou
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Jiayu Luo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Peiliang Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China.
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Akthar I, Yousef MS, Mansouri A, Shimada M, Miyamoto A. Sperm hyperactivation in the uterus and oviduct: a double-edged sword for sperm and maternal innate immunity toward fertility. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20240043. [PMID: 39176001 PMCID: PMC11340796 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2024-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In cattle, artificial insemination (AI) is a technique that allows breeding by depositing frozen-thawed and extended semen into the female reproductive tract. The semen contains sperm with various motility patterns including dead, progressive and hyperactivated. Sperm hyperactivation is high amplitude, asymmetrical beating of sperm tail which usually occurs in the oviduct as part of the capacitation process, but it can also be induced by cryopreservation. After insemination, sperm enter the uterine glands and trigger a pro-inflammatory response in the uterus. Hyperactivated sperm, stimulated by sperm-Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), penetrates the mucus and uterine glands more efficiently and enhances the immune response. This facilitates the clearance of excess and dead sperm from the uterus. Some sperm escape the immune response and reach the oviduct either before or after the immune response is initiated. In the oviduct, sperm bind to the epithelium and form a reservoir. This triggers an anti-inflammatory response and preserves the fertilization potential of sperm. Hyperactivation facilitates sperm detaching from the epithelium, swimming through the viscous mucus and cumulus cells, and penetrating the egg's zona pellucida. Sperm-TLR2 activation enhances Ca2+-influx and acrosome reaction, which enables sperm to penetrate and fertilize oocytes during in vitro fertilization. Altogether, post-AI in cattle, sperm and maternal immunity interact differentially depending upon the site of sperm hyperactivation - whether it occurs within the uterus or oviduct. Specifically, hyperactivated sperm that enter the uterus after AI or are triggered via sperm-TLR2 activation or other stimuli contribute to sperm-induced uterine inflammation. Such hyperactivated sperm may impede their capacity to ascend to the oviduct. Conversely, sperm that become hyperactivated within the oviduct modulate their interactions with the oviduct and oocytes, which is pivotal during fertilization process. Indeed, the location and timing of sperm hyperactivation partially via TLR2 activation are critical determinants of their different influence on fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihshan Akthar
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Mohamed Samy Yousef
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alireza Mansouri
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimada
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akio Miyamoto
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
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28
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Loying R, Sharmah B, Barman H, Borah A, Bora HK, Kalita J, Manna P. Anti-inflammatory potential of Piper betleoides C. DC., a promising Piper species of Northeast India: in vitro and in vivo evidence and mechanistic insight. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01539-3. [PMID: 39126574 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of the leaf hydroalcoholic extract of Piper betleoides C. DC., also known as "Jangli Paan" in Northeast India, using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated both cell culture (RAW264.7, macrophage cells) and animal (albino rat) model of inflammation. Treatment with leaf hydroalcoholic extract of Piper betleoides (PBtE) dose-dependently (5, 10, and 20 µg/mL) decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1) and increased anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines in LPS-treated macrophages. Similarly, treatment with PBtE also prevented the alternation in mRNA expression of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, CCL-2, IL-6, and IL-10) in LPS-treated macrophages. Dose-dependent supplementation with PBtE further reduced the production of intracellular ROS and increased the phagocytosis efficacies in LPS-treated cells. Further in vivo studies demonstrated that treatment with PBtE dose-dependently (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight) prevented the dysregulation of the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10) and reduced the circulatory levels of prostaglandin (PGE2) and nitric oxide products (nitrite) in LPS-treated animals. In addition, alternation of blood cell profiling and the liver as well as kidney dysfunctions were also prevented by the treatment with PBtE in LPS-treated rats. The anti-inflammatory potential of PBtE was comparable to those seen in sodium diclofenac (positive control) treated group. LC-MS analyses showed piperine, piperlongumine, piperolactam-A, and dehydropipernonaline and GC-MS analyses demonstrated phytol, caryophyllene, and falcarinol as the phytochemicals present in Piper betleoides, which might play an important role in preventing inflammation and associated pathophysiology. Different treatments didn't cause any toxicity in cell culture and animal models. This study for the first time demonstrated the promising anti-inflammatory potential of the leaf hydroalcoholic extract of Piper betleoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikraj Loying
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
| | - Bhaben Sharmah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
| | - Hiranmoy Barman
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
| | - Anupriya Borah
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
| | - Himangsu Kousik Bora
- Centre for Preclinical Studies, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
| | - Jatin Kalita
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
| | - Prasenjit Manna
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India.
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Tavakoli R, Rahimi P, Fateh A, Hamidi-Fard M, Eaybpoosh S, Bahramali G, Sadeghi SA, Doroud D, Aghasadeghi M. Exploring the impression of TRIM25 gene expression on COVID-19 severity and SARS-CoV-2 viral replication. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:102489. [PMID: 38964175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are numerous human genes associated with viral infections, and their identification in specific populations can provide suitable therapeutic targets for modulating the host immune system response and better understanding the viral pathogenic mechanisms. Many antiviral signaling pathways, including Type I interferon and NF-κB, are regulated by TRIM proteins. Therefore, the identification of TRIM proteins involved in COVID-19 infection can play a significant role in understanding the innate immune response to this virus. METHODS In this study, the expression of TRIM25 gene was evaluated in a blood sample of 330 patients admitted to the hospital (142 patients with severe disease and 188 patients with mild disease) as well as in 160 healthy individuals. The relationship between its expression and the severity of COVID-19 disease was assessed and compared among the study groups by quantitative Real-time PCR technique. The statistical analysis of the results demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression of TRIM25 in the group of patients with severe infection compared to those with mild infection. Furthermore, the impact of increased expression of TRIM25 gene in HEK-293 T cell culture was investigated on the replication of attenuated SARS-CoV-2 virus. RESULTS The results of Real-time PCR, Western blot for the viral nucleocapsid gene of virus, and CCID50 test indicated a decrease in virus replication in these cells. The findings of this research indicated that the reduced expression of the TRIM25 gene was associated with increased disease severity of COVID-19 in individuals. Additionally, the results suggested the overexpression of TRIM25 gene can impress the replication of attenuated SARS-CoV-2 and the induction of beta-interferon. CONCLUSION TRIM25 plays a critical role in controlling viral replication through its direct interaction with the virus and its involvement in inducing interferon during the early stages of infection. This makes TRIM25 a promising target for potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Tavakoli
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooneh Rahimi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sana Eaybpoosh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Bahramali
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Sadeghi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Doroud
- Department of Production, Research and Production Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Abbasnia S, Hashem Asnaashari AM, Sharebiani H, Soleimanpour S, Mosavat A, Rezaee SA. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host interactions in the manifestation of tuberculosis. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis 2024; 36:100458. [PMID: 38983441 PMCID: PMC11231606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The final step of epigenetic processes is changing the gene expression in a new microenvironment in the body, such as neuroendocrine changes, active infections, oncogenes, or chemical agents. The case of tuberculosis (TB) is an outcome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and host interaction in the manifestation of active and latent TB or clearance. This comprehensive review explains and interprets the epigenetics findings regarding gene expressions on the host-pathogen interactions in the development and progression of tuberculosis. This review introduces novel insights into the complicated host-pathogen interactions, discusses the challengeable results, and shows the gaps in the clear understanding of M.tb behavior. Focusing on the biological phenomena of host-pathogen interactions, the epigenetic changes, and their outcomes provides a promising future for developing effective TB immunotherapies when converting gene expression toward appropriate host immune responses gradually becomes attainable. Overall, this review may shed light on the dark sides of TB pathogenesis as a life-threatening disease. Therefore, it may support effective planning and implementation of epigenetics approaches for introducing proper therapies or effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Abbasnia
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hiva Sharebiani
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arman Mosavat
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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31
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Wu J, Li K, Zhou M, Gao H, Wang W, Xiao W. Natural compounds improve diabetic nephropathy by regulating the TLR4 signaling pathway. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100946. [PMID: 39258172 PMCID: PMC11386058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe complication of diabetes, is widely recognized as a primary contributor to end-stage renal disease. Recent studies indicate that the inflammation triggered by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is of paramount importance in the onset and progression of DN. TLR4 can bind to various ligands, including exogenous ligands such as proteins and polysaccharides from bacteria or viruses, as well as endogenous ligands such as biglycan, fibrinogen, and hyaluronan. In DN, the expression or release of TLR4-related ligands is significantly elevated, resulting in excessive TLR4 activation and increased production of proinflammatory cytokines through downstream signaling pathways. This process is closely associated with the progression of DN. Natural compounds are biologically active products derived from natural sources that have advantages in the treatment of certain diseases. Various types of natural compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, glycosides, and polysaccharides, have demonstrated their ability to improve DN by affecting the TLR4 signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of action of TLR4 in DN and the natural compounds that can ameliorate DN by modulating the TLR4 signaling pathway. We specifically highlight the potential of compounds such as curcumin, paclitaxel, berberine, and ursolic acid to inhibit the TLR4 signaling pathway, which provides an important direction of research for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Wu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ke Li
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Muge Zhou
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Haoyang Gao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wenhong Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
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32
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Park JE, Yun JH, Lee W, Lee JS. C-ter100 peptide derived from Vibrio vEP-45 protease acts as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern to induce inflammation and innate immunity. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012474. [PMID: 39186780 PMCID: PMC11379387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Vibrio vulnificus causes fatal septicemia in humans. Previously, we reported that an extracellular metalloprotease, vEP-45, secreted by V. vulnificus, undergoes self-proteolysis to generate a 34 kDa protease (vEP-34) by losing its C-terminal domain to produce the C-ter100 peptide. Moreover, we revealed that vEP-45 and vEP-34 proteases induce blood coagulation and activate the kallikrein/kinin system. However, the role of the C-ter100 peptide fragment released from vEP-45 in inducing inflammation is still unclear. Here, we elucidate, for the first time, the effects of C-ter100 on inducing inflammation and activating host innate immunity. Our results showed that C-ter100 could activate NF-κB by binding to the receptor TLR4, thereby promoting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and molecules, such as TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO). Furthermore, C-ter100 could prime and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, and caspase 1), causing IL-1β secretion. In mice, C-ter100 induced the recruitment of immune cells, such as neutrophils and monocytes, along with histamine release into the plasma. Furthermore, the inflammatory response induced by C-ter100 could be effectively neutralized by an anti-C-ter100 monoclonal antibody (C-ter100Mab). These results demonstrate that C-ter100 can be a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that activates an innate immune response during Vibrio infection and could be a target for the development of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Natural Sciences and Public Health and Safety, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- BK21-Four Educational Research Group for Age-associated Disorder Control Technology, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Weontae Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Natural Sciences and Public Health and Safety, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- BK21-Four Educational Research Group for Age-associated Disorder Control Technology, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Priyanka, Sharma S, Sharma M. Role of PE/PPE proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in triad of host mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106757. [PMID: 38908454 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The PE and PPE family proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is exclusively found in pathogenic Mycobacterium species, comprising approximately 8-10 % of the Mtb genome. These emerging virulent factors have been observed to play pivotal roles in Mtb pathogenesis and immune evasion through various strategies. These immunogenic proteins are known to modulate the host immune response and cell-death pathways by targeting the powerhouse of the cell, the mitochondria to support Mtb survival. In this article, we are focused on how PE/PPE family proteins target host mitochondria to induce mitochondrial perturbations, modulate the levels of cellular ROS (Reactive oxygen species) and control cell death pathways. We observed that the time of expression of these proteins at different stages of infection is crucial for elucidating their impact on the cell death pathways and eventually on the outcome of infection. This article focuses on understanding the contributions of the PE/PPE proteins by unravelling the triad of host mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death pathways that facilitate the Mtb persistence. Understanding the role of these proteins in host cellular pathways and the intricate mechanisms paves the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat TB infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka
- DSKC BioDiscovery Laboratory, Miranda House, and Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Sadhna Sharma
- DSKC BioDiscovery Laboratory, Miranda House, and Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Monika Sharma
- DSKC BioDiscovery Laboratory, Miranda House, and Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Zhu X, Dong Q, Zhang K, Zou Y, Zhang G, Du Y, Mo X, Wu A, Ouyang K, Chen Y, Wei Z, Qin Y, Pan Y, Huang W. Hunnivirus structural protein VP2 inhibits beta interferon production by targeting the IRF3 essential modulator. Vet Microbiol 2024; 295:110148. [PMID: 38851152 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Water buffalo Hunnivirus (BufHuV) belongs to the family Picornaviridae and is a newly discovered member of the Hunnivirus A genus. It causes intestinal diseases in cattle, mainly lead to subclinical infections, thereby seriously threatening the health of cattle herds. In addition, it can also bring about various clinical disease syndromes which results in severe economic losses to the cattle industry. To date, there have been no reports worldwide on the study of Hunnivirus virus infecting host cells and causing innate immune responses. In this study, we found that interferon treatment effectively blocked BufHuV replication and infection with the virus weakened the host antiviral responses. Inhibiting the transcription of IFN-β and ISGs induced by either Sendai virus (SeV) or poly(I:C) in MDBK and HCT-8 cells, were dependent on the IRF3 or NF-κB signaling pathways, and this inhibited the activation of IFN-β promoter by TBK1 and its upstream molecules, RIGI and MDA5. By constructing and screening five BufHuV proteins, we found that VP2, 2 C, 3 C and 3D inhibited the activation of IFN-β promoter induced by SeV. Subsequently, we showed that VP2 inhibited the activation of IRF3 induced by SeV or poly (I:C), and it inhibited IRF3 activation by inhibiting its phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. In addition, we confirmed that VP2 inhibited the activation of IFNβ induced by signaling molecules, MDA5 and TBKI. In summary, these findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of Hunnivirus and its mechanisms involved in evading host immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhu
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qinting Dong
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yanlin Zou
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Guangxin Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yiyang Du
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoke Mo
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Aoqi Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kang Ouyang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zuzhang Wei
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yifeng Qin
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yan Pan
- Guangxi Agricultural Vocational University, Nanning, China.
| | - Weijian Huang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China.
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Chernov AS, Telegin GB, Minakov AN, Kazakov VA, Rodionov MV, Palikov VA, Kudriaeva AA, Belogurov AA. Synthetic Amphipathic Helical Peptide L-37pA Ameliorates the Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and ARDS-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8384. [PMID: 39125954 PMCID: PMC11312864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the ability of the synthetic amphipathic helical peptide (SAHP), L-37pA, which mediates pathogen recognition and innate immune responses, to treat acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) accompanied by diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and chronic pulmonary fibrosis (PF). For the modeling of ARDS/DAD, male ICR mice were used. Intrabronchial instillation (IB) of 200 µL of inflammatory agents was performed by an intravenous catheter 20 G into the left lung lobe only, leaving the right lobe unaffected. Intravenous injections (IVs) of L-37pA, dexamethasone (DEX) and physiological saline (saline) were used as therapies for ARDS/DAD. L37pA inhibited the circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-8, TNFα, IL1α, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL9 and IL10, by 75-95%. In all cases, the computed tomography (CT) data indicate that L-37pA reduced lung density faster to -335 ± 23 Hounsfield units (HU) on day 7 than with DEX and saline, to -105 ± 29 HU and -23 ± 11 HU, respectively. The results of functional tests showed that L-37pA treatment 6 h after ARDS/DAD initiation resulted in a more rapid improvement in the physiological respiratory lung by 30-45% functions compared with the comparison drugs. Our data suggest that synthetic amphipathic helical peptide L-37pA blocked a cytokine storm, inhibited acute and chronic pulmonary inflammation, prevented fibrosis development and improved physiological respiratory lung function in the ARDS/DAD mouse model. We concluded that a therapeutic strategy using SAHPs targeting SR-B receptors is a potential novel effective treatment for inflammation-induced ARDS, DAD and lung fibrosis of various etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr S. Chernov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (G.B.T.); (A.N.M.); (V.A.K.); (V.A.P.); (A.A.K.); (A.A.B.J.)
| | - Georgii B. Telegin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (G.B.T.); (A.N.M.); (V.A.K.); (V.A.P.); (A.A.K.); (A.A.B.J.)
| | - Alexey N. Minakov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (G.B.T.); (A.N.M.); (V.A.K.); (V.A.P.); (A.A.K.); (A.A.B.J.)
| | - Vitaly A. Kazakov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (G.B.T.); (A.N.M.); (V.A.K.); (V.A.P.); (A.A.K.); (A.A.B.J.)
| | - Maksim V. Rodionov
- Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC) Named after A.F. Tsyb-Branch of the National Medical Radiological Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk 249031, Russia;
| | - Viktor A. Palikov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (G.B.T.); (A.N.M.); (V.A.K.); (V.A.P.); (A.A.K.); (A.A.B.J.)
| | - Anna A. Kudriaeva
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (G.B.T.); (A.N.M.); (V.A.K.); (V.A.P.); (A.A.K.); (A.A.B.J.)
| | - Alexey A. Belogurov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (G.B.T.); (A.N.M.); (V.A.K.); (V.A.P.); (A.A.K.); (A.A.B.J.)
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 127473, Russia
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Gu C, Huang Z, Sun Y, Shi S, Li X, Li N, Liu Y, Guo Z, Jin N, Zhao Z, Li X, Wang H. Characterization of Human Immortalized Keratinocyte Cells Infected by Monkeypox Virus. Viruses 2024; 16:1206. [PMID: 39205180 PMCID: PMC11359611 DOI: 10.3390/v16081206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) can induce systemic skin lesions after infection. This research focused on studying MPXV proliferation and the response of keratinocytes. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we visualized different stages of MPXV development in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). We identified exocytosis of enveloped viruses as the exit mechanism for MPXV in HaCaT cells. Infected keratinocytes showed submicroscopic changes, such as the formation of vesicle-like structures through the recombination of rough endoplasmic reticulum membranes and alterations in mitochondrial morphology. Transcriptome analysis revealed the suppressed genes related to interferon pathway activation and the reduced expression of antimicrobial peptides and chemokines, which may facilitate viral immune evasion. In addition, pathway enrichment analysis highlighted systemic lupus erythematosus pathway activation and the inhibition of the Toll-like receptor signaling and retinol metabolism pathways, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying MPXV-induced skin lesions. This study advances our understanding of MPXV's interaction with keratinocytes and the complex mechanisms leading to skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaode Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (C.G.); (Z.H.)
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (C.G.); (Z.H.)
| | - Yongyang Sun
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shaowen Shi
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xiubo Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Nan Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
| | - Zhendong Guo
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
| | - Zongzheng Zhao
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
| | - Xiao Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.S.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (N.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (N.J.)
| | - Hongwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (C.G.); (Z.H.)
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Xie FF, Xu LB, Zhu H, Yu XQ, Deng LY, Qin HZ, Lin S. Serum Metabolomics and NF-κB Pathway Analysis Revealed the Antipyretic Mechanism of Ellagic Acid on LPS-Induced Fever in Rabbits. Metabolites 2024; 14:407. [PMID: 39195502 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14080407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Fever is one of the most common clinical conditions and is characterized by pyrogenic infection, malignancy, inflammation, and tissue damage, among others. Ellagic acid (EA) can inhibit the expression of related proteins on the pathway by blocking the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) signaling pathway, inhibit the levels of pro-inflammatory factors interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), increase the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, and effectively alleviate inflammatory symptoms. In addition, EA can also reduce the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA) and nitric oxide(NO) in the body, increase the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase(CAT), scavenge oxidative free radicals, inhibit lipid oxidation, and achieve antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between EA and various inflammatory markers, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, prostaglandin E2(PGE2), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP), and clarify the mechanism of the cyclooxidase-2(COX-2)/NF-κB signaling pathway. Combined with the metabolomics analysis, our study revealed the effects of EA on multiple endogenous biomarkers, reflecting the characteristics of a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanism. Compared to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- treated animals, subsequent administration of EA significantly lowered the LPS-induced rectal temperature increase (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), significantly increased serum SOD and GSH levels (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), and significantly decreased serum MDA, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). In addition, compared to LPS-treated animals, subsequent administration of EA significantly decreased cerebrospinal fluid cAMP and PGE2 levels (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), significantly decreased cAMP, significantly increased 5-HT levels (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), and significantly down-regulated p-NF-κB p65 and COX-2 protein levels in the hypothalamus. Subsequent gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS) metabolite analysis indicated that 12 differential metabolites were detected in serum isolated 4 h after LPS treatment, and 10 differential metabolites were detected in serum collected 7 h after LPS treatment. Next, Pearson correlation analysis was used to systematically characterize the relationship between the identified metabolites and TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, SOD, PGE2, and cAMP. The levels of propionic acid, pyridine, and L-valine were up-regulated by EA, which inhibited the expression of MDA, IL-1β, and TNF-α and increased the activity of GSH. The levels of inositol, urea, and 2-monopalmitin were down-regulated by EA, which inhibited the expression of MDA, IL-1β, and TNF-α, increased the activity of SOD and GSH, reduced the inflammatory response, and alleviated the oxidative stress state. Combined with the results of the metabolic pathway analysis, we suggest that the pathways of the galactose metabolism, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, as well as ascorbic acid and aldehyde acid metabolism are closely related to the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of EA. Our study established the relationship between EA and various inflammatory markers, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, PGE2, and cAMP, and clarified the mechanism of the COX-2/NF-κB signaling pathway. Combined with the metabolomics analysis, our study revealed the effects of EA on multiple endogenous biomarkers, reflecting the characteristics of a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Feng Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi MinZu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Guangxi Institute for DRUG Control, Nanning 530018, China
| | - Li-Ba Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi MinZu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Guangxi Institute for DRUG Control, Nanning 530018, China
| | - Xiu-Qi Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Lin-Yu Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Si Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
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Hitti EG, Muazzen Z, Moghrabi W, Al-Yahya S, Khabar KSA. Hydroxychloroquine attenuates double-stranded RNA-stimulated hyper-phosphorylation of tristetraprolin/ZFP36 and AU-rich mRNA stabilization. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 39046234 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The human innate immune system recognizes dsRNA as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern that induces a potent inflammatory response. The primary source of pathogenic dsRNA is cells infected with replicating viruses, but can also be released from uninfected necrotic cells. Here, we show that the dsRNA poly(I:C) challenge in human macrophages activates the p38 MAPK-MK2 signalling pathway and subsequently the phosphorylation of tristetraprolin (TTP/ZFP36). The latter is an mRNA decay-promoting protein that controls the stability of AU-rich mRNAs (AREs) that code for many inflammatory mediators. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a common anti-malaria drug, is used to treat inflammatory and autoimmune disorders and, controversially, during acute COVID-19 disease. We found that HCQ reduced the dsRNA-dependent phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and its downstream kinase MK2. Subsequently, HCQ reduced the abundance and protein stability of the inactive (phosphorylated) form of TTP. HCQ reduced the levels and the mRNA stability of poly (I:C)-induced cytokines and inflammatory mRNAs like TNF, IL-6, COX-2, and IL-8 in THP-1 and primary blood monocytes. Our results demonstrate a new mechanism of the anti-inflammatory role of HCQ at post-transcriptional level (TTP phosphorylation) in a model of dsRNA activation, which usually occurs in viral infections or RNA release from necrotic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward G Hitti
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Muazzen
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Moghrabi
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhad Al-Yahya
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S A Khabar
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Rupar MJ, Hanson H, Rogers S, Botlick B, Trimmer S, Hickman JJ. Modelling the innate immune system in microphysiological systems. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3604-3625. [PMID: 38957150 PMCID: PMC11264333 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00812f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This critical review aims to highlight how modeling of the immune response has adapted over time to utilize microphysiological systems. Topics covered here will discuss the integral components of the immune system in various human body systems, and how these interactions are modeled using these systems. Through the use of microphysiological systems, we have not only expanded on foundations of basic immune cell information, but have also gleaned insight on how immune cells work both independently and collaboratively within an entire human body system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rupar
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Hannah Hanson
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Stephanie Rogers
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Brianna Botlick
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Steven Trimmer
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - James J Hickman
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
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Mun SJ, Cho E, Kim HK, Gil WJ, Yang CS. Enhancing acute inflammatory and sepsis treatment: superiority of membrane receptor blockade. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1424768. [PMID: 39081318 PMCID: PMC11286478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1424768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Conditions such as acute pancreatitis, ulcerative colitis, delayed graft function and infections caused by a variety of microorganisms, including gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, increase the risk of sepsis and therefore mortality. Immune dysfunction is a characterization of sepsis, so timely and effective treatment strategies are needed. The conventional approaches, such as antibiotic-based treatments, face challenges such as antibiotic resistance, and cytokine-based treatments have shown limited efficacy. To address these limitations, a novel approach focusing on membrane receptors, the initiators of the inflammatory cascade, is proposed. Membrane receptors such as Toll-like receptors, interleukin-1 receptor, endothelial protein C receptor, μ-opioid receptor, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1, and G-protein coupled receptors play pivotal roles in the inflammatory response, offering opportunities for rapid regulation. Various membrane receptor blockade strategies have demonstrated efficacy in both preclinical and clinical studies. These membrane receptor blockades act as early stage inflammation modulators, providing faster responses compared to conventional therapies. Importantly, these blockers exhibit immunomodulatory capabilities without inducing complete immunosuppression. Finally, this review underscores the critical need for early intervention in acute inflammatory and infectious diseases, particularly those posing a risk of progressing to sepsis. And, exploring membrane receptor blockade as an adjunctive treatment for acute inflammatory and infectious diseases presents a promising avenue. These novel approaches, when combined with antibiotics, have the potential to enhance patient outcomes, particularly in conditions prone to sepsis, while minimizing risks associated with antibiotic resistance and immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jun Mun
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Euni Cho
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Keun Kim
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Gil
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Su Yang
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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He Z, Li W, Zhang M, Huang M, Chen Z, Zhao X, Ding Y, Zhang J, Zhao L, Jiao P. RNF216 Inhibits the Replication of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus and Regulates the RIG-I Signaling Pathway in Ducks. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:187-203. [PMID: 38829131 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The RING finger (RNF) family, a group of E3 ubiquitin ligases, plays multiple essential roles in the regulation of innate immunity and resistance to viral infection in mammals. However, it is still unclear whether RNF proteins affect the production of IFN-I and the replication of avian influenza virus (AIV) in ducks. In this article, we found that duck RNF216 (duRNF216) inhibited the duRIG-I signaling pathway. Conversely, duRNF216 deficiency enhanced innate immune responses in duck embryonic fibroblasts. duRNF216 did not interacted with duRIG-I, duMDA5, duMAVS, duSTING, duTBK1, or duIRF7 in the duck RIG-I pathway. However, duRNF216 targeted duTRAF3 and inhibited duMAVS in the recruitment of duTRAF3 in a dose-dependent manner. duRNF216 catalyzed K48-linked polyubiquitination of duck TRAF3, which was degraded by the proteasome pathway. Additionally, AIV PB1 protein competed with duTRAF3 for binding to duRNF216 to reduce degradation of TRAF3 by proteasomes in the cytoplasm, thereby slightly weakening duRNF216-mediated downregulation of IFN-I. Moreover, although duRNF216 downregulated the IFN-β expression during virus infection, the expression level of IFN-β in AIV-infected duck embryonic fibroblasts overexpressing duRNF216 was still higher than that in uninfected cells, which would hinder the viral replication. During AIV infection, duRNF216 protein targeted the core protein PB1 of viral polymerase to hinder viral polymerase activity and viral RNA synthesis in the nucleus, ultimately strongly restricting viral replication. Thus, our study reveals a new mechanism by which duRNF216 downregulates innate immunity and inhibits AIV replication in ducks. These findings broaden our understanding of the mechanisms by which the duRNF216 protein affects AIV replication in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoliang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minfan Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuxian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiya Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangbao Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junsheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luxiang Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peirong Jiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China
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Yin M, Sun H, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Liang Y, Zhang K. Delivery of mRNA Using Biomimetic Vectors: Progress and Challenges. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402715. [PMID: 39004872 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is an emerging class of therapeutic agents for treating a wide range of diseases. However, due to the instability and low cell transfection rate of naked mRNA, the expression of delivered mRNA in target cells or tissues in vivo requires delivery strategies. Biomimetic vectors hold advantages such as high biocompatibility, tissue specific targeting ability and efficient delivery mechanisms, potentially overcoming challenges faced by other delivery vectors. In this review, biomimetic vector-based mRNA delivery systems are summarized and discuss the possible challenges and prospects of such delivery systems, which may contribute to the progress and application of mRNA-based therapy in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghao Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hanruo Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingge Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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Takizawa F, Domon H, Hirayama S, Isono T, Sasagawa K, Yonezawa D, Ushida A, Tsutsuura S, Miyoshi T, Mimuro H, Yoshida A, Tabeta K, Terao Y. Effective degradation of various bacterial toxins using ozone ultrafine bubble water. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306998. [PMID: 38985791 PMCID: PMC11236168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious and foodborne diseases pose significant global threats, with devastating consequences in low- and middle-income countries. Ozone, derived from atmospheric oxygen, exerts antimicrobial effects against various microorganisms, and degrades fungal toxins, which were initially recognized in the healthcare and food industries. However, highly concentrated ozone gas can be detrimental to human health. In addition, ozonated water is unstable and has a short half-life. Therefore, ultrafine-bubble technology is expected to overcome these issues. Ultrafine bubbles, which are nanoscale entitles that exist in water for considerable durations, have previously demonstrated bactericidal effects against various bacterial species, including antibiotic-resistant strains. This present study investigated the effects of ozone ultrafine bubble water (OUFBW) on various bacterial toxins. This study revealed that OUFBW treatment abolished the toxicity of pneumolysin, a pneumococcal pore-forming toxin, and leukotoxin, a toxin that causes leukocyte injury. Silver staining confirmed the degradation of pneumolysin, leukotoxin, and staphylococcal enterotoxin A, which are potent gastrointestinal toxins, following OUFB treatment. In addition, OUFBW treatment significantly inhibited NF-κB activation by Pam3CSK4, a synthetic triacylated lipopeptide that activates Toll-like receptor 2. Additionally, OUFBW exerted bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, including an antibiotic-resistant strain, without displaying significant toxicity toward human neutrophils or erythrocytes. These results suggest that OUFBW not only sterilizes bacteria but also degrades bacterial toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Takizawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoru Hirayama
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshihito Isono
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Karin Sasagawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yonezawa
- Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiomi Ushida
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Tomohiro Miyoshi
- Division of Genome-Wide Infectious Diseases, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Disease, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Hitomi Mimuro
- Division of Genome-Wide Infectious Diseases, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Disease, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Chantab K, Rao Z, Zheng X, Han R, Cao L. Ascarosides and Symbiotic Bacteria of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Regulate Host Immune Response in Galleria mellonella Larvae. INSECTS 2024; 15:514. [PMID: 39057246 PMCID: PMC11277396 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Insects protect themselves through their immune systems. Entomopathogenic nematodes and their bacterial symbionts are widely used for the biocontrol of economically important pests. Ascarosides are pheromones that regulate nematode behaviors, such as aggregation, avoidance, mating, dispersal, and dauer recovery and formation. However, whether ascarosides influence the immune response of insects remains unexplored. In this study, we co-injected ascarosides and symbiotic Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. kayaii H06 bacteria derived from Heterorhabditis bacteriophora H06 into the last instar larvae of Galleria mellonella. We recorded larval mortality and analyzed the expressions of AMPs, ROS/RNS, and LPSs. Our results revealed a process in which ascarosides, acting as enhancers of the symbiotic bacteria, co-induced G. mellonella immunity by significantly increasing oxidative stress responses and secreting AMPs (gallerimycin, gloverin, and cecropin). This led to a reduction in color intensity and the symbiotic bacteria load, ultimately resulting in delayed host mortality compared to either ascarosides or symbiotic bacteria. These findings demonstrate the cross-kingdom regulation of insects and symbiotic bacteria by nematode pheromones. Furthermore, our results suggest that G. mellonella larvae may employ nematode pheromones secreted by IJs to modulate insect immunity during early infection, particularly in the presence of symbiotic bacteria, for enhancing resistance to invasive bacteria in the hemolymph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanjana Chantab
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China; (K.C.); (Z.R.); (X.Z.); (R.H.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Zhongchen Rao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China; (K.C.); (Z.R.); (X.Z.); (R.H.)
| | - Xuehong Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China; (K.C.); (Z.R.); (X.Z.); (R.H.)
| | - Richou Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China; (K.C.); (Z.R.); (X.Z.); (R.H.)
| | - Li Cao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China; (K.C.); (Z.R.); (X.Z.); (R.H.)
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Vega B, Toro-Araneda T, Alvarado JF, Cárcamo CB, Guzmán F, Acosta F, Oliva M, Serrano E, Galarza JI, Álvarez CA. Effects of Hypoxia on the Antibacterial Activity of Epidermal Mucus from Chilean Meagre ( Cilus gilberti). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2014. [PMID: 38998124 PMCID: PMC11240494 DOI: 10.3390/ani14132014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Comprehending the immune defense mechanisms of new aquaculture species, such as the Chilean meagre (Cilus gilberti), is essential for sustaining large-scale production. Two bioassays were conducted to assess the impact of acute and intermittent hypoxia on the antibacterial activity of juvenile Chilean meagre epidermal mucus against the potential pathogens Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio ordalii. Lysozyme and peroxidase activities were also measured. In general, fish exposed to hypoxia showed a 9-30% reduction in mucus antibacterial activity at the end of hypoxic periods and after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. However, following water reoxygenation, the activity of non-stimulated fish was comparable to that of fish in normoxic conditions, inhibiting bacterial growth by 35-52%. In the case of fish exposed to chronic hypoxia, the response against V. anguillarum increased by an additional 19.8% after 6 days of control inoculation. Lysozyme exhibited a similar pattern, while no modulation of peroxidase activity was detected post-hypoxia. These results highlight the resilience of C. gilberti to dissolved oxygen fluctuations and contribute to understanding the potential of mucus in maintaining the health of cultured fish and the development of future control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Vega
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Teresa Toro-Araneda
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Juan F Alvarado
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador 3110, El Salvador
| | - Claudia B Cárcamo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Marine Department, Tilad Group, Riyadh 12821, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fanny Guzmán
- Núcleo Biotecnología Curauma (NBC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile
| | - Félix Acosta
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Universitario Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Taliarte, Spain
| | - Marcia Oliva
- Laboratorio de Cultivo de Peces Marinos, Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Edison Serrano
- Laboratorio de Cultivo de Peces Marinos, Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Janeth I Galarza
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas y Prácticas Académicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, La Libertad 240204, Ecuador
| | - Claudio A Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Laboratorio de Cultivo de Peces Marinos, Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
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Shirani M, Shariati S, Bazdar M, Sojoudi Ghamnak F, Moradi M, Shams Khozani R, Taki E, Arabsorkhi Z, Heidary M, Eskandari DB. The immunopathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer: a narrative review. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1395403. [PMID: 39035439 PMCID: PMC11258019 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1395403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a well-established risk factor for the development of gastric cancer (GC). Understanding the immunopathogenesis underlying this association is crucial for developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. This narrative review comprehensively explores the immunopathogenesis of H. pylori-induced GC by delving into several key aspects, emphasizing the pivotal roles played by H. pylori virulence factors, including cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA), blood group antigen-binding adhesin (babA), and sialic acid binding adhesin (sabA). Moreover, the review focuses on the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytokines in the complex interplay between chronic infection and gastric carcinogenesis. Finally, the study examines the association between H. pylori evasion of the innate and adaptive immune response and development of GC. A comprehensive understanding of the immunopathogenesis of H. pylori-induced GC is essential for designing targeted interventions to prevent and manage this disease. Further research is warranted to elucidate the intricate immune responses involved and identify potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shirani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Shariati
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Monireh Bazdar
- School of Medicine, Razi Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Melika Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Elahe Taki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra Arabsorkhi
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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Elkhamary A, Gerner I, Bileck A, Oreff GL, Gerner C, Jenner F. Comparative proteomic profiling of the ovine and human PBMC inflammatory response. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14939. [PMID: 38942936 PMCID: PMC11213919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation requires robust animal models. Sheep are commonly used in immune-related studies, yet the validity of sheep as animal models for immune and inflammatory diseases remains to be established. This cross-species comparative study analyzed the in vitro inflammatory response of ovine (oPBMCs) and human PBMCs (hPBMCs) using mass spectrometry, profiling the proteome of the secretome and whole cell lysate. Of the entire cell lysate proteome (oPBMCs: 4217, hPBMCs: 4574 proteins) 47.8% and in the secretome proteome (oPBMCs: 1913, hPBMCs: 1375 proteins) 32.8% were orthologous between species, among them 32 orthologous CD antigens, indicating the presence of six immune cell subsets. Following inflammatory stimulation, 71 proteins in oPBMCs and 176 in hPBMCs showed differential abundance, with only 7 overlapping. Network and Gene Ontology analyses identified 16 shared inflammatory-related terms and 17 canonical pathways with similar activation/inhibition patterns in both species, demonstrating significant conservation in specific immune and inflammatory responses. However, ovine PMBCs also contained a unique WC1+γδ T-cell subset, not detected in hPBMCs. Furthermore, differences in the activation/inhibition trends of seven canonical pathways and the sets of DAPs between sheep and humans, emphasize the need to consider interspecies differences in translational studies and inflammation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Elkhamary
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Veterm, University Equine Hospital, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - I Gerner
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Veterm, University Equine Hospital, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G L Oreff
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Veterm, University Equine Hospital, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Jenner
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Veterm, University Equine Hospital, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
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48
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Watkins JM, Burke JM. A closer look at mammalian antiviral condensates. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:1393-1404. [PMID: 38778761 PMCID: PMC11234502 DOI: 10.1042/bst20231296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Several biomolecular condensates assemble in mammalian cells in response to viral infection. The most studied of these are stress granules (SGs), which have been proposed to promote antiviral innate immune signaling pathways, including the RLR-MAVS, the protein kinase R (PKR), and the OAS-RNase L pathways. However, recent studies have demonstrated that SGs either negatively regulate or do not impact antiviral signaling. Instead, the SG-nucleating protein, G3BP1, may function to perturb viral RNA biology by condensing viral RNA into viral-aggregated RNA condensates, thus explaining why viruses often antagonize G3BP1 or hijack its RNA condensing function. However, a recently identified condensate, termed double-stranded RNA-induced foci, promotes the activation of the PKR and OAS-RNase L antiviral pathways. In addition, SG-like condensates known as an RNase L-induced bodies (RLBs) have been observed during many viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 and several flaviviruses. RLBs may function in promoting decay of cellular and viral RNA, as well as promoting ribosome-associated signaling pathways. Herein, we review these recent advances in the field of antiviral biomolecular condensates, and we provide perspective on the role of canonical SGs and G3BP1 during the antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Monty Watkins
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim University of Florida Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, U.S.A
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Herbert Wertheim University of Florida Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, U.S.A
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, U.S.A
| | - James M. Burke
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim University of Florida Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, U.S.A
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Herbert Wertheim University of Florida Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, U.S.A
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Selvaraj C, Vijayalakshmi P, Alex AM, Alothaim AS, Vijayakumar R, Umapathy VR. Metalloproteins structural and functional insights into immunological patterns. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 141:67-86. [PMID: 38960487 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Metalloproteins play a crucial role in regulating different aspects of the immune system in humans. They have various functions in immunity, including recognizing and presenting antigens, aiding in the movement and effectiveness of immune cells, and facilitating interactions between the host and pathogens. Understanding how these proteins work can help us develop new methods to control the immune response in different diseases. Metalloproteins contain metal ions in their structure, which allows them to perform these diverse functions. They encompass a wide range of enzymes, signaling molecules, and structural proteins that utilize metal ions as cofactors for their activities. Examples of metalloproteins include superoxide dismutase, catalase, and metalloproteases, which regulate oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue remodelling processes associated with immune activation. By studying their functions and the effects of their dysfunction, researchers can develop strategies to improve immune function and combat various diseases. This review explores the diverse functions of metalloproteins in immune processes, highlighting their significance in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrabose Selvaraj
- CsrDD Lab, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Periyasamy Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Asha Monica Alex
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdulaziz S Alothaim
- Department of Biology, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajendran Vijayakumar
- Department of Biology, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vidhya Rekha Umapathy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yañez AJ, Barrientos CA, Isla A, Aguilar M, Flores-Martin SN, Yuivar Y, Ojeda A, Ibieta P, Hernández M, Figueroa J, Avendaño-Herrera R, Mancilla M. Discovery and Characterization of the ddx41 Gene in Atlantic Salmon: Evolutionary Implications, Structural Functions, and Innate Immune Responses to Piscirickettsia salmonis and Renibacterium salmoninarum Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6346. [PMID: 38928053 PMCID: PMC11204154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response in Salmo salar, mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), is crucial for defending against pathogens. This study examined DDX41 protein functions as a cytosolic/nuclear sensor for cyclic dinucleotides, RNA, and DNA from invasive intracellular bacteria. The investigation determined the existence, conservation, and functional expression of the ddx41 gene in S. salar. In silico predictions and experimental validations identified a single ddx41 gene on chromosome 5 in S. salar, showing 83.92% homology with its human counterpart. Transcriptomic analysis in salmon head kidney confirmed gene transcriptional integrity. Proteomic identification through mass spectrometry characterized three unique peptides with 99.99% statistical confidence. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated significant evolutionary conservation across species. Functional gene expression analysis in SHK-1 cells infected by Piscirickettsia salmonis and Renibacterium salmoninarum indicated significant upregulation of DDX41, correlated with increased proinflammatory cytokine levels and activation of irf3 and interferon signaling pathways. In vivo studies corroborated DDX41 activation in immune responses, particularly when S. salar was challenged with P. salmonis, underscoring its potential in enhancing disease resistance. This is the first study to identify the DDX41 pathway as a key component in S. salar innate immune response to invading pathogens, establishing a basis for future research in salmonid disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J. Yañez
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico y Terapia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.A.B.); (A.I.); (M.A.); (S.N.F.-M.)
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile; (J.F.); (R.A.-H.)
| | - Claudia A. Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico y Terapia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.A.B.); (A.I.); (M.A.); (S.N.F.-M.)
| | - Adolfo Isla
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico y Terapia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.A.B.); (A.I.); (M.A.); (S.N.F.-M.)
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile; (J.F.); (R.A.-H.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Marcelo Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico y Terapia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.A.B.); (A.I.); (M.A.); (S.N.F.-M.)
| | - Sandra N. Flores-Martin
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico y Terapia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.A.B.); (A.I.); (M.A.); (S.N.F.-M.)
| | - Yassef Yuivar
- ADL Diagnostic Chile, Sector la Vara, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (Y.Y.); (A.O.)
| | - Adriana Ojeda
- ADL Diagnostic Chile, Sector la Vara, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (Y.Y.); (A.O.)
| | - Pablo Ibieta
- TEKBios Ltda, Camino Pargua Km 8, Maullín 5580000, Chile;
| | - Mauricio Hernández
- Division of Biotechnology, MELISA Institute, San Pedro de la Paz 4133515, Chile;
| | - Jaime Figueroa
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile; (J.F.); (R.A.-H.)
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Peces, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Rubén Avendaño-Herrera
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile; (J.F.); (R.A.-H.)
- Laboratorio de Patología de Organismos Acuáticos y Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Marcos Mancilla
- ADL Diagnostic Chile, Sector la Vara, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (Y.Y.); (A.O.)
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