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Xiong Y, Shi L, Li L, Yang W, Zhang H, Zhao X, Shen N. CDCA5 accelerates progression of breast cancer by promoting the binding of E2F1 and FOXM1. J Transl Med 2024; 22:639. [PMID: 38978058 PMCID: PMC11232132 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05443-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. Cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5), a master regulator of sister chromatid cohesion, was reported to be upregulated in several types of cancer. Here, the function and regulation mechanism of CDCA5 in breast cancer were explored. METHODS CDCA5 expression was identified through immunohistochemistry staining in breast cancer specimens. The correlation between CDCA5 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of breast cancer patients was analyzed using a tissue microarray. CDCA5 function in breast cancer was explored in CDCA5-overexpressed/knockdown cells and mice models. Co-IP, ChIP and dual-luciferase reporter assay assays were performed to clarify underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS We found that CDCA5 was expressed at a higher level in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, and overexpression of CDCA5 was significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Moreover, CDCA5 knockdown significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration, while promoted apoptosis in vitro. Mechanistically, we revealed that CDCA5 played an important role in promoting the binding of E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) to the forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) promoter. Furthermore, the data of in vitro and in vivo revealed that depletion of FOXM1 alleviated the effect of CDCA5 overexpression on breast cancer. Additionally, we revealed that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was required for CDCA5 induced progression of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS We suggested that CDCA5 promoted progression of breast cancer via CDCA5/FOXM1/Wnt axis, CDCA5 might serve as a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Xiong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Lan Shi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Huiqiong Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Xiangwang Zhao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
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Li M, Gao X, Su Y, Shan S, Qian W, Zhang Z, Zhu D. FOXM1 transcriptional regulation. Biol Cell 2024:e2400012. [PMID: 38963053 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
FOXM1 is a key transcriptional regulator involved in various biological processes in mammals, including carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, aging, immune regulation, development, and disease. Early studies have shown that FOXM1 acts as an oncogene by regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, metastasis, and apoptosis, as well as genes related to diagnosis, treatment, chemotherapy resistance, and prognosis. Researchers are increasingly focusing on FOXM1 functions in tumor microenvironment, epigenetics, and immune infiltration. However, researchers have not comprehensively described FOXM1's involvement in tumor microenvironment shaping, epigenetics, and immune cell infiltration. Here we review the role of FOXM1 in the formation and development of malignant tumors, and we will provide a comprehensive summary of the role of FOXM1 in transcriptional regulation, interacting proteins, tumor microenvironment, epigenetics, and immune infiltration, and suggest areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Xuzheng Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Shigang Shan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhenwang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
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Lind SM, Sletten M, Hellenes M, Mathelier A, Tekpli X, Tinholt M, Iversen N. Coagulation factor V in breast cancer: a p53-regulated tumor suppressor and predictive marker for treatment response to chemotherapy. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:1569-1582. [PMID: 38382738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cancer are at an increased risk of developing coagulation complications, and chemotherapy treatment increases the risk. Tumor progression is closely linked to the hemostatic system. Breast cancer tumors express coagulation factor V (FV), an essential factor in blood coagulation. The functional role of FV during treatment with chemotherapy is poorly understood and was explored in this study. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the role of FV in breast cancer progression by exploring associations with treatment response, gene regulation, and the functional effects of FV. METHODS The receiver operating characteristic plotter was used to explore the predictive value of FV mRNA (F5) expression for treatment with FEC (5-fluorouracil, anthracycline, and cyclophosphamide). Breast cancer cohorts were analyzed to study treatment response to FEC. The effect of chemotherapy on F5 expression, the regulation of F5, and the functional effects of FV dependent and independent of chemotherapy were studied in breast cancer cell lines. RESULTS F5 tumor expression was significantly higher in responders to FEC than in nonresponders. In vitro experiments revealed that anthracycline treatment increased the expression of F5. Inhibition and knockdown of p53 reduced the anthracycline-induced F5 expression. Mutation of a p53 half-site (c.158+1541/158+1564) in a luciferase plasmid reduced luciferase activity, suggesting that p53 plays a role in regulating F5. FV overexpression increased apoptosis and reduced proliferation slightly during anthracycline treatment. CONCLUSION Our study identified F5 as a p53-regulated tumor suppressor candidate and a promising marker for response to chemotherapy. FV may have functional effects that are therapeutically relevant in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marie Lind
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Sletten
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mona Hellenes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anthony Mathelier
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xavier Tekpli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Tinholt
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Iversen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Li H, Tang X, Sun Z, Qu Z, Zou X. Integrating bioinformatics and experimental models to investigate the mechanism of the chelidonine-induced mitotic catastrophe via the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 axis in breast cancer cells. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:560-574. [PMID: 37976368 PMCID: PMC11088894 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is currently the most frequent and lethal cancer among women, and therefore, identification of novel biomarkers and potential anticancer agents for BC is crucial. Chelidonine is one of the main active ingredients of Chelidonium majus, which has been applied in Chinese medicine prescriptions to treat cancer. This paper aimed to evaluate the ability of chelidonine to trigger mitotic catastrophe in BC cells and to clarify its mechanism through the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 pathway. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) was downregulated in different subtypes of BC. Factors such as age, stage, Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) grade, diverse BC subclasses, and triple-negative status were inversely correlated to FOXO3 levels in BC patients compared with healthy controls. Notably, patients exhibiting higher FOXO3 expression levels demonstrated better overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Moreover, FOXM1 levels were negatively correlated with both OS and RFS in BC patients. These results revealed that FOXO3 might be considered a predictive biomarker for the prognosis of BC. By utilizing Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), we delved into the main Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathways of FOXO3, and the results suggested that FOXO3 was mainly involved in cancer-related pathways and the cell cycle. Thereafter, MTT and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis indicated that chelidonine inhibited BC cell line proliferation and induced M phase arrest. It was found that chelidonine treatment induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis, significantly reduced the expression of survivin and promoted the expression of p53 and caspase-9. Further morphological observation illustrated depolymerization of the actin skeleton and shortening of actin filaments in BC cells, leading to the typical characteristics of mitotic catastrophe, such as abnormal mitosis and multinucleated cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that chelidonine inhibited the expression of p-AKT to promote the expression of FOXO3 protein and weaken the expression levels of FOXM1 and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Taken together, our present work proved that FOXO3 might be considered a potential therapeutic target for BC. Chelidonine emerges as a promising agent to treat BC by inducing M phase arrest of BC cells and hindering the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 axis, thereby inducing mitotic catastrophe in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Xiyu Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongyuan Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Zou
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
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Merjaneh N, Hajjar M, Lan YW, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV. The Promise of Combination Therapies with FOXM1 Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:756. [PMID: 38398147 PMCID: PMC10886945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a transcription factor in the forkhead (FOX) family, which is required for cellular proliferation in normal and neoplastic cells. FOXM1 is highly expressed in many different cancers, and its expression is associated with a higher tumor stage and worse patient-related outcomes. Abnormally high expression of FOXM1 in cancers compared to normal tissue makes FOXM1 an attractive target for pharmacological inhibition. FOXM1-inhibiting agents and specific FOXM1-targeted small-molecule inhibitors have been developed in the lab and some of them have shown promising efficacy and safety profiles in mouse models. While the future goal is to translate FOXM1 inhibitors to clinical trials, potential synergistic drug combinations can maximize anti-tumor efficacy while minimizing off-target side effects. Hence, we discuss the rationale and efficacy of all previously studied drug combinations with FOXM1 inhibitors for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Merjaneh
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Mona Hajjar
- The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Tanya V. Kalin
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
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Mineta K, Hirota J, Yamada K, Itoh T, Chen P, Iwakawa H, Takatsuka H, Nomoto Y, Ito M. MYB3R-mediated and cell cycle-dependent transcriptional regulation of a tobacco ortholog of SCARECROW-LIKE28 in synchronized cultures of BY-2 cells. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2023; 40:353-359. [PMID: 38434109 PMCID: PMC10905365 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.23.0515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Although it is well known that hierarchical transcriptional networks are essential for various aspects of plant development and environmental response, little has been investigated about whether and how they also regulate the plant cell cycle. Recent studies on cell cycle regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana identified SCARECROW-LIKE28 (SCL28), a GRAS-type transcription factor, that constitutes a hierarchical transcriptional pathway comprised of MYB3R, SCL28 and SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR). In this pathway, MYB3R family proteins regulate the G2/M-specific transcription of the SCL28 gene, of which products, in turn, positively regulate the transcription of SMR genes encoding a group of plant-specific inhibitor proteins of cyclin-dependent kinases. However, this pathway with a role in cell cycle inhibition is solely demonstrated in A. thaliana, thus leaving open the question of whether and to what extent this pathway is evolutionarily conserved in plants. In this study, we conducted differential display RT-PCR on synchronized Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) BY-2 cells and identified several M-phase-specific cDNA clones, one of which turned out to be a tobacco ortholog of SCL28 and was designated NtSCL28. We showed that NtSCL28 is expressed specifically during G2/M and early G1 in the synchronized cultures of BY-2 cells. NtSCL28 contains MYB3R-binding promoter elements, so-called mitosis-specific activator elements, and is upregulated by a hyperactive form of NtmybA2, one of the MYB3R proteins from tobacco. Our study indicated that a part of the hierarchical pathway identified in A. thaliana is equally operating in tobacco cells, suggesting the conservation of this pathway across different families in evolution of angiosperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keito Mineta
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Junya Hirota
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kesuke Yamada
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takashi Itoh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Poyu Chen
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Iwakawa
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Takatsuka
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yuji Nomoto
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masaki Ito
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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Bai Y, Zhao H, Liu H, Wang W, Dong H, Zhao C. RNA methylation, homologous recombination repair and therapeutic resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115409. [PMID: 37659205 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is critical for maintaining genomic integrity and stability. Defects in HR increase the risk of tumorigenesis. However, many human tumors exhibit enhanced HR repair capabilities, consequently endowing tumor cells with resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review summarizes the role of RNA methylation in HR repair and therapeutic resistance in human tumors. We also analyzed the interactions between RNA methylation and other HR-modulating modifications including histone acetylation, histone deacetylation, ubiquitination, deubiquitination, protein arginine methylation, and gene transcription. This review proposes that targeting RNA methylation is a promising approach to overcoming HR-mediated therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanlin Zhao
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haijun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Hongming Dong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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8
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Voigt E, Quelle DE. FOXM1, MEK, and CDK4/6: New Targets for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13596. [PMID: 37686402 PMCID: PMC10487994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are deadly sarcomas, which desperately need effective therapies. Half of all MPNSTs arise in patients with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), a common inherited disease. NF1 patients can develop benign lesions called plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs), often in adolescence, and over time, some PNFs, but not all, will transform into MPNSTs. A deeper understanding of the molecular and genetic alterations driving PNF-MPNST transformation will guide development of more targeted and effective treatments for these patients. This review focuses on an oncogenic transcription factor, FOXM1, which is a powerful oncogene in other cancers but little studied in MPNSTs. Elevated expression of FOXM1 was seen in patient MPNSTs and correlated with poor survival, but otherwise, its role in the disease is unknown. We discuss what is known about FOXM1 in MPNSTs relative to other cancers and how FOXM1 may be regulated by and/or regulate the most commonly altered players in MPNSTs, particularly in the MEK and CDK4/6 kinase pathways. We conclude by considering FOXM1, MEK, and CDK4/6 as new, clinically relevant targets for MPNST therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Voigt
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Dawn E. Quelle
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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9
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Kobiita A, Silva PN, Schmid MW, Stoffel M. FoxM1 coordinates cell division, protein synthesis, and mitochondrial activity in a subset of β cells during acute metabolic stress. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112986. [PMID: 37590136 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells display functional and transcriptional heterogeneity in health and disease. The sequence of events leading to β cell heterogeneity during metabolic stress is poorly understood. Here, we characterize β cell responses to early metabolic stress in vivo by employing RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq), single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), and real-time imaging to decipher temporal events of chromatin remodeling and gene expression regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR), protein synthesis, mitochondrial function, and cell-cycle progression. We demonstrate that a subpopulation of β cells with active UPR, decreased protein synthesis, and insulin secretary capacities is more susceptible to proliferation after insulin depletion. Alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress precedes the progression of the cell cycle and mitosis and ensures appropriate insulin synthesis. Furthermore, metabolic stress rapidly activates key transcription factors including FoxM1, which impacts on proliferative and quiescent β cells by regulating protein synthesis, ER stress, and mitochondrial activity via direct repression of mitochondrial-encoded genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Kobiita
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pamuditha N Silva
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc W Schmid
- MWSchmid GmbH, Hauptstrasse 34, 8750 Glarus, Switzerland
| | - Markus Stoffel
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, Universitäts-Spital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
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10
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Yu W, Wang G, Li LX, Zhang H, Gui X, Zhou JX, Calvet JP, Li X. Transcription factor FoxM1 promotes cyst growth in PKD1 mutant ADPKD. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:1114-1126. [PMID: 36322156 PMCID: PMC10026255 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is driven by mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, and it is characterized by renal cyst formation, inflammation and fibrosis. Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1), a transcription factor of the Forkhead box (Fox) protein super family, has been reported to promote tumor formation, inflammation and fibrosis in many organs. However, the role and mechanism of FoxM1 in regulation of ADPKD progression is still poorly understood. Here, we show that FoxM1 is an important regulator of cyst growth in ADPKD. FoxM1 is upregulated in cyst-lining epithelial cells in Pkd1 mutant mouse kidneys and human ADPKD kidneys. FoxM1 promotes cystic renal epithelial cell proliferation by increasing the expression of Akt and Stat3 and the activation of ERK and Rb. FoxM1 also regulates cystic renal epithelial cell apoptosis through NF-κB signaling pathways. In addition, FoxM1 regulates the recruitment and retention of macrophages in Pkd1 mutant mouse kidneys, a process that is associated with FoxM1-mediated upregulation of monocyte chemotactic protein 1. Targeting FoxM1 with its specific inhibitor, FDI-6, delays cyst growth in rapidly progressing and slowly progressing Pkd1 mutant mouse kidneys. This study suggests that FoxM1 is a central and upstream regulator of ADPKD pathogenesis and provides a rationale for targeting FoxM1 as a therapeutic strategy for ADPKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenesis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Guojuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Jiangxi of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Linda Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Eye Institute of Shaanxi Province; Xi’an First Hospital, Xi’an 710002, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xuehong Gui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Julie Xia Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James P Calvet
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenesis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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11
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Zhang Z, Freeman M, Zhang Y, El-Nachef D, Davenport G, Williams A, MacLellan WR. Hippo signaling and histone methylation control cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry through distinct transcriptional pathways. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281610. [PMID: 36780463 PMCID: PMC9925018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Accumulating data demonstrates that new adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) are generated throughout life from pre-existing CMs, although the absolute magnitude of CM self-renewal is very low. Modifying epigenetic histone modifications or activating the Hippo-Yap pathway have been shown to promote adult CM cycling and proliferation. Whether these interventions work through common pathways or act independently is unknown. For the first time we have determined whether lysine demethylase 4D (KDM4D)-mediated CM-specific H3K9 demethylation and Hippo pathways inhibition have additive or redundant roles in promoting CM cell cycle re-entry. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that activating Yap1 in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) through overexpressing Hippo pathway inhibitor, miR-199, preferentially increased S-phase CMs, while H3K9me3 demethylase KDM4D preferentially increased G2/M markers in CMs. Together KDM4D and miR-199 further increased total cell number of NRVMs in culture. Inhibition of Hippo signaling via knock-down of Salvador Family WW Domain Containing Protein 1 (Sav1) also led to S-phase reactivation and additional cell cycle re-entry was seen when combined with KDM4D overexpression. Inducible activating KDM4D (iKDM4D) in adult transgenic mice together with shRNA mediated knock-down of Sav1 (iKDM4D+Sav1-sh) resulted in a significant increase in cycling CMs compared to either intervention alone. KDM4D preferentially induced expression of genes regulating late (G2/M) phases of the cell cycle, while miR-199 and si-Sav1 preferentially up-regulated genes involved in G1/S phase. KDM4D upregulated E2F1 and FoxM1 expression, whereas miR-199 and si-Sav1 induced Myc. Using transgenic mice over-expressing KDM4D together with Myc, we demonstrated that KDM4D/Myc significantly increased CM cell cycling but did not affect cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS KDM4D effects on CM cell cycle activity are additive with the Hippo-Yap1 pathway and appear to preferentially regulate different cell cycle regulators. This may have important implications for strategies that target cardiac regeneration in treating heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhe Zhang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Miles Freeman
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Yiqiang Zhang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, John A. Burn School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Danny El-Nachef
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - George Davenport
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Allison Williams
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - W. Robb MacLellan
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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12
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Khan P, Siddiqui JA, Kshirsagar PG, Venkata RC, Maurya SK, Mirzapoiazova T, Perumal N, Chaudhary S, Kanchan RK, Fatima M, Khan MA, Rehman AU, Lakshmanan I, Mahapatra S, Talmon GA, Kulkarni P, Ganti AK, Jain M, Salgia R, Batra SK, Nasser MW. MicroRNA-1 attenuates the growth and metastasis of small cell lung cancer through CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:1. [PMID: 36597126 PMCID: PMC9811802 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive lung cancer subtype that is associated with high recurrence and poor prognosis. Due to lack of potential drug targets, SCLC patients have few therapeutic options. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) provide an interesting repertoire of therapeutic molecules; however, the identification of miRNAs regulating SCLC growth and metastasis and their precise regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. METHODS To identify novel miRNAs regulating SCLC, we performed miRNA-sequencing from donor/patient serum samples and analyzed the bulk RNA-sequencing data from the tumors of SCLC patients. Further, we developed a nanotechnology-based, highly sensitive method to detect microRNA-1 (miR-1, identified miRNA) in patient serum samples and SCLC cell lines. To assess the therapeutic potential of miR-1, we developed various in vitro models, including miR-1 sponge (miR-1Zip) and DOX-On-miR-1 (Tet-ON) inducible stable overexpression systems. Mouse models derived from intracardiac injection of SCLC cells (miR-1Zip and DOX-On-miR-1) were established to delineate the role of miR-1 in SCLC metastasis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of miR-1 and target proteins (mouse and human tumor specimens), respectively. Dual-luciferase assay was used to validate the target of miR-1, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to investigate the protein-gene interactions. RESULTS A consistent downregulation of miR-1 was observed in tumor tissues and serum samples of SCLC patients compared to their matched normal controls, and these results were recapitulated in SCLC cell lines. Gain of function studies of miR-1 in SCLC cell lines showed decreased cell growth and oncogenic signaling, whereas loss of function studies of miR-1 rescued this effect. Intracardiac injection of gain of function of miR-1 SCLC cell lines in the mouse models showed a decrease in distant organ metastasis, whereas loss of function of miR-1 potentiated growth and metastasis. Mechanistic studies revealed that CXCR4 is a direct target of miR-1 in SCLC. Using unbiased transcriptomic analysis, we identified CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 as a unique axis that regulates SCLC growth and metastasis. Our results further showed that FOXM1 directly binds to the RRM2 promoter and regulates its activity in SCLC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that miR-1 is a critical regulator for decreasing SCLC growth and metastasis. It targets the CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis and has a high potential for the development of novel SCLC therapies. MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) downregulation in the tumor tissues and serum samples of SCLC patients is an important hallmark of tumor growth and metastasis. The introduction of miR-1 in SCLC cell lines decreases cell growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, miR-1 directly targets CXCR4, which further prevents FOXM1 binding to the RRM2 promoter and decreases SCLC growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Prakash G Kshirsagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | | | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Naveenkumar Perumal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ranjana Kumari Kanchan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mahek Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Md Arafat Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Asad Ur Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Apar K Ganti
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA-Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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13
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Wu T, Li N, Zhang Q, Liu R, Zhao H, Fan Z, Zhuo L, Yang Y, Xu Y. MKL1 fuels ROS-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by modulating FOXM1 transcription. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102586. [PMID: 36587486 PMCID: PMC9823229 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) promotes vascular injury and neointima formation in part by stimulating proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The underlying transcriptional mechanism, however, is not completely understood. Here we report that VSMC-specific deletion of MKL1 in mice suppressed neointima formation in a classic model of vascular injury. Likewise, pharmaceutical inhibition of MKL1 activity by CCG-1423 similarly mollified neointima formation in mice. Over-expression of a constitutively active MKL1 in vascular smooth muscle cells enhanced proliferation in a ROS-dependent manner. On the contrary, MKL1 depletion or inhibition attenuated VSMC proliferation. PCR array based screening identified forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) as a direct target for MKL1. MKL1 interacted with E2F1 to activate FOXM1 expression. Concordantly, FOXM1 depletion ameliorated MKL1-dependent VSMC proliferation. Of interest, ROS-induced MKL1 phosphorylation through MK2 was essential for its interaction with E2F1 and consequently FOXM1 trans-activation. Importantly, a positive correlation between FOXM1 expression and VSMC proliferation was identified in arterial specimens from patients with restenosis. Taken together, our data suggest that a redox-sensitive phosphorylation-switch of MKL1 activates FOXM1 transcription and mediates ROS fueled vascular smooth muscle proliferation. Targeting the MK-2/MKL1/FOXM1 axis may be considered as a reasonable approach for treatment of restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiumei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhuo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yuyu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
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14
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Weiss JG, Gallob F, Rieder P, Villunger A. Apoptosis as a Barrier against CIN and Aneuploidy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010030. [PMID: 36612027 PMCID: PMC9817872 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy is the gain or loss of entire chromosomes, chromosome arms or fragments. Over 100 years ago, aneuploidy was described to be a feature of cancer and is now known to be present in 68-90% of malignancies. Aneuploidy promotes cancer growth, reduces therapy response and frequently worsens prognosis. Chromosomal instability (CIN) is recognized as the main cause of aneuploidy. CIN itself is a dynamic but stochastic process consisting of different DNA content-altering events. These can include impaired replication fidelity and insufficient clearance of DNA damage as well as chromosomal mis-segregation, micronuclei formation, chromothripsis or cytokinesis failure. All these events can disembogue in segmental, structural and numerical chromosome alterations. While low levels of CIN can foster malignant disease, high levels frequently trigger cell death, which supports the "aneuploidy paradox" that refers to the intrinsically negative impact of a highly aberrant karyotype on cellular fitness. Here, we review how the cellular response to CIN and aneuploidy can drive the clearance of karyotypically unstable cells through the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, we discuss the different modes of p53 activation triggered in response to mitotic perturbations that can potentially trigger CIN and/or aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes G. Weiss
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Filip Gallob
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Rieder
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43–512-9003-70380; Fax: +43–512-9003-73960
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15
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Zheng X, Ma H, Wang J, Huang M, Fu D, Qin L, Yin Q. Energy metabolism pathways in breast cancer progression: The reprogramming, crosstalk, and potential therapeutic targets. Transl Oncol 2022; 26:101534. [PMID: 36113343 PMCID: PMC9482139 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that seriously endangers health in women. BC, like other cancers, is accompanied by metabolic reprogramming. Among energy metabolism-related pathways, BC exhibits enhanced glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), glutamate metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism activities. These pathways facilitate the proliferation, growth and migration of BC cells. The progression of BC is closely related to the alterations in the activity or expression level of several metabolic enzymes, which are regulated by the intrinsic factors such as the key signaling and transcription factors. The metabolic reprogramming in the progression of BC is attributed to the aberrant expression of the signaling and transcription factors associated with the energy metabolism pathways. Understanding the metabolic mechanisms underlying the development of BC will provide a druggable potential for BC treatment and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zheng
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haodi Ma
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengjiao Huang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dongliao Fu
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qinan Yin
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
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16
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Yu F, He H, Nastoupil LJ, Xu-Monette ZY, Pham K, Liang Y, Chen G, Fowler NH, Yin CC, Tan D, Yang Y, Hu S, Young KH, Pham LV, You MJ. Targetable vulnerability of deregulated FOXM1/PLK1 signaling axis in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:4666-4679. [PMID: 36381323 PMCID: PMC9641390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXM1 is a transcription factor that controls cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Overexpression of FOXM1 has been implicated in various cancer types. However, the activation status and functional significance of FOXM1 in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have not been well investigated. Using proteomic approaches, we discovered that the protein expression levels of FOXM1 and PLK1 were positively correlated in DLBCL cell lines and primary DLBCL. Expression levels of FOXM1 and PLK1 mRNAs were also significantly higher in DLBCL than in normal human B cells and could predict poor prognosis of DLBCL, particularly in patients with germinal center B cell-like (GCB) DLBCL. Furthermore, proteomic studies defined a FOXM1-PLK1 signature that consisted of proteins upstream and downstream of that axis involved in the p38-MAPK-AKT pathway, cell cycle, and DNA damage/repair. Further studies demonstrated a mechanistic function of the FOXM1/PLK1 axis in connection with the DNA damage response pathways regulating the S/G2 checkpoint of the cell cycle. Therapeutic targeting of FOXM1/PLK1 using a FOXM1 or PLK1 inhibitor, as well as other clinically relevant small-molecule inhibitors targeting ATR-CHK1, was highly effective in DLBCL in vitro models. These findings are instrumental for lymphoma drug discovery aiming at the FOXM1/PLK1/ATR/CHK1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua He
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Loretta J Nastoupil
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Zijun Y Xu-Monette
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Division of Hematopathology, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Cancer InstituteDurham, NC, USA
| | - Ky Pham
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Yong Liang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Taizhou University College of MedicineTaizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Taizhou University College of MedicineTaizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nathan H Fowler
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - C Cameron Yin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Dongfeng Tan
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Yaling Yang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Shimin Hu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Division of Hematopathology, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Cancer InstituteDurham, NC, USA
| | - Lan V Pham
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc.South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesHouston, TX, USA
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17
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Russi S, Marano L, Laurino S, Calice G, Scala D, Marino G, Sgambato A, Mazzone P, Carbone L, Napolitano G, Roviello F, Falco G, Zoppoli P. Gene Regulatory Network Characterization of Gastric Cancer's Histological Subtypes: Distinctive Biological and Clinically Relevant Master Regulators. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4961. [PMID: 36230884 PMCID: PMC9563962 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) molecular heterogeneity represents a major determinant for clinical outcomes, and although new molecular classifications have been introduced, they are not easy to translate from bench to bedside. We explored the data from GC public databases by performing differential gene expression analysis (DEGs) and gene network reconstruction to identify master regulators (MRs), as well as a gene set analysis (GSA) to reveal their biological features. Moreover, we evaluated the association of MRs with clinicopathological parameters. According to the GSA, the Diffuse group was characterized by an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammatory response, while the Intestinal group was associated with a cell cycle and drug resistance pathways. In particular, the regulons of Diffuse MRs, such as Vgll3 and Ciita, overlapped with the EMT and interferon-gamma response, while the regulons Top2a and Foxm1 were shared with the cell cycle pathways in the Intestinal group. We also found a strict association between MR activity and several clinicopathological features, such as survival. Our approach led to the identification of genes and pathways differentially regulated in the Intestinal and Diffuse GC histotypes, highlighting biologically interesting MRs and subnetworks associated with clinical features and prognosis, suggesting putative actionable candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Russi
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Luigi Marano
- Unit of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Laurino
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Dario Scala
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Graziella Marino
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Mazzone
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Ludovico Carbone
- Unit of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giuliana Napolitano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Franco Roviello
- Unit of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Geppino Falco
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Zoppoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Health Biotechnolgy, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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18
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Shirakawa J, Togashi Y, Basile G, Okuyama T, Inoue R, Fernandez M, Kyohara M, De Jesus DF, Goto N, Zhang W, Tsuno T, Kin T, Pan H, Dreyfuss JM, Shapiro AJ, Yi P, Terauchi Y, Kulkarni RN. E2F1 transcription factor mediates a link between fat and islets to promote β cell proliferation in response to acute insulin resistance. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111436. [PMID: 36198264 PMCID: PMC9617565 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevention or amelioration of declining β cell mass is a potential strategy to cure diabetes. Here, we report the pathways utilized by β cells to robustly replicate in response to acute insulin resistance induced by S961, a pharmacological insulin receptor antagonist. Interestingly, pathways that include CENP-A and the transcription factor E2F1 that are independent of insulin signaling and its substrates appeared to mediate S961-induced β cell multiplication. Consistently, pharmacological inhibition of E2F1 blocks β-cell proliferation in S961-injected mice. Serum from S961-treated mice recapitulates replication of β cells in mouse and human islets in an E2F1-dependent manner. Co-culture of islets with adipocytes isolated from S961-treated mice enables β cells to duplicate, while E2F1 inhibition limits their growth even in the presence of adipocytes. These data suggest insulin resistance-induced proliferative signals from adipocytes activate E2F1, a potential therapeutic target, to promote β cell compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shirakawa
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi 3718512, Japan,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan,Correspondence: (J.S.), (R.N.K.)
| | - Yu Togashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan
| | - Giorgio Basile
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tomoko Okuyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan
| | - Ryota Inoue
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi 3718512, Japan
| | - Megan Fernandez
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mayu Kyohara
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan
| | - Dario F. De Jesus
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nozomi Goto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan
| | - Wei Zhang
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Takahiro Tsuno
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi 3718512, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kin
- Clinical Islet Laboratory and Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hui Pan
- Bioinformatics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Dreyfuss
- Bioinformatics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - A.M. James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Laboratory and Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Peng Yi
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan
| | - Rohit N. Kulkarni
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Lead contact,Correspondence: (J.S.), (R.N.K.)
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Yang EJ, Park JH, Cho HJ, Hwang JA, Woo SH, Park CH, Kim SY, Park JT, Park SC, Hwang D, Lee YS. Co-inhibition of ATM and ROCK synergistically improves cell proliferation in replicative senescence by activating FOXM1 and E2F1. Commun Biol 2022; 5:702. [PMID: 35835838 PMCID: PMC9283421 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifaceted nature of senescent cell cycle arrest necessitates the targeting of multiple factors arresting or promoting the cell cycle. We report that co-inhibition of ATM and ROCK by KU-60019 and Y-27632, respectively, synergistically increases the proliferation of human diploid fibroblasts undergoing replicative senescence through activation of the transcription factors E2F1 and FOXM1. Time-course transcriptome analysis identified FOXM1 and E2F1 as crucial factors promoting proliferation. Co-inhibition of the kinases ATM and ROCK first promotes the G2/M transition via FOXM1 activation, leading to accumulation of cells undergoing the G1/S transition via E2F1 activation. The combination of both inhibitors increased this effect more significantly than either inhibitor alone, suggesting synergism. Our results demonstrate a FOXM1- and E2F1-mediated molecular pathway enhancing cell cycle progression in cells with proliferative potential under replicative senescence conditions, and treatment with the inhibitors can be tested for senomorphic effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jae Yang
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Park
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Cho
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-A Hwang
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwa Woo
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hyun Park
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
- New Biology Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Distinctive molecular features of regenerative stem cells in the damaged male germline. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2500. [PMID: 35523793 PMCID: PMC9076627 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of male fertility requires spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) that self-renew and generate differentiating germ cells for production of spermatozoa. Germline cells are sensitive to genotoxic drugs and patients receiving chemotherapy can become infertile. SSCs surviving treatment mediate germline recovery but pathways driving SSC regenerative responses remain poorly understood. Using models of chemotherapy-induced germline damage and recovery, here we identify unique molecular features of regenerative SSCs and characterise changes in composition of the undifferentiated spermatogonial pool during germline recovery by single-cell analysis. Increased mitotic activity of SSCs mediating regeneration is accompanied by alterations in growth factor signalling including PI3K/AKT and mTORC1 pathways. While sustained mTORC1 signalling is detrimental for SSC maintenance, transient mTORC1 activation is critical for the regenerative response. Concerted inhibition of growth factor signalling disrupts core features of the regenerative state and limits germline recovery. We also demonstrate that the FOXM1 transcription factor is a target of growth factor signalling in undifferentiated spermatogonia and provide evidence for a role in regeneration. Our data confirm dynamic changes in SSC functional properties following damage and support an essential role for microenvironmental growth factors in promoting a regenerative state. Male germline regeneration after damage is dependent on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) but pathways mediating the regenerative response are unclear. Here the authors define roles for growth factor signalling and mTORC1 in SSC-driven regeneration.
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21
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Nomoto Y, Takatsuka H, Yamada K, Suzuki T, Suzuki T, Huang Y, Latrasse D, An J, Gombos M, Breuer C, Ishida T, Maeo K, Imamura M, Yamashino T, Sugimoto K, Magyar Z, Bögre L, Raynaud C, Benhamed M, Ito M. A hierarchical transcriptional network activates specific CDK inhibitors that regulate G2 to control cell size and number in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1660. [PMID: 35351906 PMCID: PMC8964727 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractHow cell size and number are determined during organ development remains a fundamental question in cell biology. Here, we identified a GRAS family transcription factor, called SCARECROW-LIKE28 (SCL28), with a critical role in determining cell size in Arabidopsis. SCL28 is part of a transcriptional regulatory network downstream of the central MYB3Rs that regulate G2 to M phase cell cycle transition. We show that SCL28 forms a dimer with the AP2-type transcription factor, AtSMOS1, which defines the specificity for promoter binding and directly activates transcription of a specific set of SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR) family genes, encoding plant-specific inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases and thus inhibiting cell cycle progression at G2 and promoting the onset of endoreplication. Through this dose-dependent regulation of SMR transcription, SCL28 quantitatively sets the balance between cell size and number without dramatically changing final organ size. We propose that this hierarchical transcriptional network constitutes a cell cycle regulatory mechanism that allows to adjust cell size and number to attain robust organ growth.
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22
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Estrogen Receptor-Beta2 (ERβ2)-Mutant p53-FOXM1 Axis: A Novel Driver of Proliferation, Chemoresistance, and Disease Progression in High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051120. [PMID: 35267428 PMCID: PMC8909529 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and lethal subtype of ovarian cancer without effective therapeutic options. The high prevalence of mutations (~96%) in tumor suppressor p53 is a hallmark of HGSOC. Estrogen receptor-beta (ERβ) has been reported to be another important player in HGSOC, although the pro-versus anti-tumorigenic role of its different isoforms remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the crosstalk between ERβ and mutant p53 and its impact on the pro-tumorigenic processes in HGSOC. Using the HGSOC cell line models and patient tumor tissue specimens, we demonstrated functional interaction between the ERβ2 isoform and mutant p53 and their ability to co-dependently increase FOXM1 gene transcription, decrease cell death, increase cell proliferation, and mediate resistance to carboplatin treatment. Furthermore, high levels of ERβ2 as well as FOXM1 correlated with worse patient survival. Collectively, our data suggest that the ERβ2-mutant p53-FOXM1 axis could be a novel therapeutic target for HGSOC. Abstract High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and lethal subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer. Prevalence (~96%) of mutant p53 is a hallmark of HGSOC. Estrogen receptor-beta (ERβ) has been reported to be another important player in HGSOC, although the pro-versus anti-tumorigenic role of its different isoforms remains unsettled. However, whether there is functional interaction between ERβ and mutant p53 in HGSOC is unknown. ERβ1 and ERβ2 mRNA and protein analysis in HGSOC cell lines demonstrated that ERβ2 is the predominant isoform in HGSOC. Specificity of ERβ2 antibody was ascertained using cells depleted of ERβ2 and ERβ1 separately with isoform-specific siRNAs. ERβ2-mutant p53 interaction in cell lines was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA). Expression levels of ERβ2, ERα, p53, and FOXM1 proteins and ERβ2-mutant p53 interaction in patient tumors were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PLA, respectively. ERβ2 levels correlate positively with FOXM1 levels and negatively with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation (qChIP) and mRNA expression analysis revealed that ERβ2 and mutant p53 co-dependently regulated FOXM1 gene transcription. The combination of ERβ2-specific siRNA and PRIMA-1MET that converts mutant p53 to wild type conformation increased apoptosis. Our work provides the first evidence for a novel ERβ2-mutant p53-FOXM1 axis that can be exploited for new therapeutic strategies against HGSOC.
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23
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Campos JTADM, Oliveira MSD, Soares LP, Medeiros KAD, Campos LRDS, Lima JG. DNA repair-related genes and adipogenesis: Lessons from congenital lipodystrophies. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20220086. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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24
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Chora AF, Pedroso D, Kyriakou E, Pejanovic N, Colaço H, Gozzelino R, Barros A, Willmann K, Velho T, Moita CF, Santos I, Pereira P, Carvalho S, Martins FB, Ferreira JA, de Almeida SF, Benes V, Anrather J, Weis S, Soares MP, Geerlof A, Neefjes J, Sattler M, Messias AC, Neves-Costa A, Moita LF. DNA damage independent inhibition of NF-κB transcription by anthracyclines. eLife 2022; 11:77443. [PMID: 36476511 PMCID: PMC9771368 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are among the most used and effective anticancer drugs. Their activity has been attributed to DNA double-strand breaks resulting from topoisomerase II poisoning and to eviction of histones from select sites in the genome. Here, we show that the extensively used anthracyclines Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, and Epirubicin decrease the transcription of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-dependent gene targets, but not interferon-responsive genes in primary mouse (Mus musculus) macrophages. Using an NMR-based structural approach, we demonstrate that anthracyclines disturb the complexes formed between the NF-κB subunit RelA and its DNA-binding sites. The anthracycline variants Aclarubicin, Doxorubicinone, and the newly developed Dimethyl-doxorubicin, which share anticancer properties with the other anthracyclines but do not induce DNA damage, also suppressed inflammation, thus uncoupling DNA damage from the effects on inflammation. These findings have implications for anticancer therapy and for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs with limited side effects for life-threatening conditions such as sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Ferreira Chora
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Dora Pedroso
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Eleni Kyriakou
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany,Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Nadja Pejanovic
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Henrique Colaço
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | | | - André Barros
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Katharina Willmann
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Tiago Velho
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal,Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte - Hospital de Santa Maria, EPE, Avenida Professor Egas MonizLisbonPortugal
| | - Catarina F Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Isa Santos
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal,Serviço de Cirurgia, Centro Hospitalar de SetúbalSetúbalPortugal
| | - Pedro Pereira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Silvia Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Filipa Batalha Martins
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - João A Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | | | | | - Josef Anrather
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Friedrich-Schiller UniversityJenaGermany,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller UniversityJenaGermany,Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI)JenaGermany
| | - Miguel P Soares
- Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Arie Geerlof
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, LUMCLeidenNetherlands
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany,Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Ana C Messias
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany,Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Ana Neves-Costa
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Luis Ferreira Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal,Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
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25
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de Mey S, Dufait I, De Ridder M. Radioresistance of Human Cancers: Clinical Implications of Genetic Expression Signatures. Front Oncol 2021; 11:761901. [PMID: 34778082 PMCID: PMC8579106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.761901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is given to more than 50% of cancer patients, little progress has been made in identifying optimal radiotherapy - drug combinations to improve treatment efficacy. Using molecular data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we extracted a total of 1016 cancer patients that received radiotherapy. The patients were diagnosed with head-and-neck (HNSC - 294 patients), cervical (CESC - 166 patients) and breast (BRCA - 549 patients) cancer. We analyzed mRNA expression patterns of 50 hallmark gene sets of the MSigDB collection, which we divided in eight categories based on a shared biological or functional process. Tumor samples were split into upregulated, neutral or downregulated mRNA expression for all gene sets using a gene set analysis (GSEA) pre-ranked analysis and assessed for their clinical relevance. We found a prognostic association between three of the eight gene set categories (Radiobiological, Metabolism and Proliferation) and overall survival in all three cancer types. Furthermore, multiple single associations were revealed in the other categories considered. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first report suggesting clinical relevance of molecular characterization based on hallmark gene sets to refine radiation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven de Mey
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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26
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Zhang YL, Ma Y, Zeng YQ, Liu Y, He EP, Liu YT, Qiao FL, Yu R, Wang YS, Wu XY, Leng P. A narrative review of research progress on FoxM1 in breast cancer carcinogenesis and therapeutics. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1704. [PMID: 34988213 PMCID: PMC8667115 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to clarify the potential roles of forkhead box transcription factor M1 (FoxM1) in the occurrence and progression of breast cancer, as well as the predictive value of FoxM1 as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer. BACKGROUND Breast cancer, well-known as a molecularly heterogeneous cancer, is still one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumors among females worldwide. Tumor recurrence and metastasis are the central causes of high mortality in breast cancer patients. Many factors contribute to the occurrence and progression of breast cancer, including FoxM1. FoxM1, widely regarded as a classic proliferation-related transcription factor, plays pivotal roles in the occurrence, proliferation, invasion, migration, drug resistance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes of multiple human tumors including breast cancer. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for articles published in English from February 2008 to May 2021 using related keywords such as "forkhead box transcription factor M1", "human breast cancer", "FoxM1", and "human tumor". About 90 research papers and reports written in English were identified, most of which were published after 2015. These papers mainly concentrated on the functions of FoxM1 in the occurrence, development, drug resistance, and treatment of human breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Considering that the abnormal expression of FoxM1 plays a significant role in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy drug resistance of breast cancer, and its overexpression is closely correlated with the unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics of breast tumor patients, it is considerably important to comprehend the regulatory mechanism of FoxM1 in breast cancer. This will provide strong evidence for FoxM1 as a potential biomarker for the targeted treatment and prognostic evaluation of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Emergency Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Disaster Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - You-Qin Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - En-Ping He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College-Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Tong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying-Shuang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Leng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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27
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Apigenin enhances apoptosis induction by 5-fluorouracil through regulation of thymidylate synthase in colorectal cancer cells. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102144. [PMID: 34562873 PMCID: PMC8476449 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although effective drugs have been developed, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) shows low therapeutic sensitivity resulting from the development of 5-FU resistance. Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a target protein of 5-FU, and elevated TS lowers the 5-FU sensitivity of CRC cells. Here, we tested the efficacy of several candidate phytochemicals against human CRC-derived HCT116 cells expressing wild-type tumor suppressor protein P53 and HT29 cells expressing mutant P53. Among them, we found that apigenin enhanced the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on cell viability. In addition, apigenin inhibited the upregulation of TS induced by 5-FU. Apigenin also potentiated 5-FU-induced apoptosis of HCT116 cells and enhanced cell cycle disruption. Furthermore, apigenin increased reactive oxygen species production, intracellular and intramitochondrial Ca2+ concentrations, and mitochondrial membrane potential upon cotreatment with 5-FU. Knockdown of forkhead box protein M, a transcription factor modulating 5-FU sensitivity, enhanced the potentiation of apoptosis by apigenin in HCT116 cells. Moreover, apigenin suppressed TS expression and inhibited the viability of 5-FU-resistant HCT116 cells. Therefore, apigenin may improve the therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU against CRC by suppressing TS, but apoptosis induction is mainly dependent on functional P53. Apigenin inhibits the upregulation of TS induced by 5-FU for apoptosis of CRC. FOXM1 silencing enhances the potentiation of apoptosis by apigenin. Suppressing TS and promoting P53 activity by apigenin reduce acquired 5-FU resistance.
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Alsherbiny MA, Bhuyan DJ, Radwan I, Chang D, Li CG. Metabolomic Identification of Anticancer Metabolites of Australian Propolis and Proteomic Elucidation of Its Synergistic Mechanisms with Doxorubicin in the MCF7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157840. [PMID: 34360606 PMCID: PMC8346082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of natural products with standard chemotherapeutic agents offers a promising strategy to enhance the efficacy or reduce the side effects of standard chemotherapy. Doxorubicin (DOX), a standard drug for breast cancer, has several disadvantages, including severe side effects and the development of drug resistance. Recently, we reported the potential bioactive markers of Australian propolis extract (AP-1) and their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. In the present study, we explored the synergistic interactions between AP-1 and DOX in the MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma cells using different synergy quantitation models. Biochemometric and metabolomics-driven analysis was performed to identify the potential anticancer metabolites in AP-1. The molecular mechanisms of synergy were studied by analysing the apoptotic profile via flow cytometry, apoptotic proteome array and measuring the oxidative status of the MCF7 cells treated with the most synergistic combination. Furthermore, label-free quantification proteomics analysis was performed to decipher the underlying synergistic mechanisms. Five prenylated stilbenes were identified as the key metabolites in the most active AP-1 fraction. Strong synergy was observed when AP-1 was combined with DOX in the ratio of 100:0.29 (w/w) as validated by different synergy quantitation models implemented. AP-1 significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of DOX against MCF7 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with significant inhibition of the reactive oxygen species (p < 0.0001) compared to DOX alone. AP-1 enabled the reversal of DOX-mediated necrosis to programmed cell death, which may be advantageous to decline DOX-related side effects. AP-1 also significantly enhanced the apoptotic effect of DOX after 24 h of treatment with significant upregulation of catalase, HTRA2/Omi, FADD together with DR5 and DR4 TRAIL-mediated apoptosis (p < 0.05), contributing to the antiproliferative activity of AP-1. Significant upregulation of pro-apoptotic p27, PON2 and catalase with downregulated anti-apoptotic XIAP, HSP60 and HIF-1α, and increased antioxidant proteins (catalase and PON2) may be associated with the improved apoptosis and oxidative status of the synergistic combination-treated MCF7 cells compared to the mono treatments. Shotgun proteomics identified 21 significantly dysregulated proteins in the synergistic combination-treated cells versus the mono treatments. These proteins were involved in the TP53/ATM-regulated non-homologous end-joining pathway and double-strand breaks repairs, recruiting the overexpressed BRCA1 and suppressed RIF1 encoded proteins. The overexpression of UPF2 was noticed in the synergistic combination treatment, which could assist in overcoming doxorubicin resistance-associated long non-coding RNA and metastasis of the MCF7 cells. In conclusion, we identified the significant synergy and highlighted the key molecular pathways in the interaction between AP-1 and DOX in the MCF7 cells together with the AP-1 anticancer metabolites. Further in vivo and clinical studies are warranted on this synergistic combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A. Alsherbiny
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (D.J.B.); (C.-G.L.)
| | - Deep J. Bhuyan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (D.J.B.); (C.-G.L.)
| | - Ibrahim Radwan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia;
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;
| | - Chun-Guang Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (D.J.B.); (C.-G.L.)
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Liu C, Barger CJ, Karpf AR. FOXM1: A Multifunctional Oncoprotein and Emerging Therapeutic Target in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3065. [PMID: 34205406 PMCID: PMC8235333 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a member of the conserved forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. Over the last two decades, FOXM1 has emerged as a multifunctional oncoprotein and a robust biomarker of poor prognosis in many human malignancies. In this review article, we address the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of regulation and oncogenic functions of FOXM1, particularly in the context of ovarian cancer. FOXM1 and its associated oncogenic transcriptional signature are enriched in >85% of ovarian cancer cases and FOXM1 expression and activity can be enhanced by a plethora of genomic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms. As a master transcriptional regulator, FOXM1 promotes critical oncogenic phenotypes in ovarian cancer, including: (1) cell proliferation, (2) invasion and metastasis, (3) chemotherapy resistance, (4) cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, (5) genomic instability, and (6) altered cellular metabolism. We additionally discuss the evidence for FOXM1 as a cancer biomarker, describe the rationale for FOXM1 as a cancer therapeutic target, and provide an overview of therapeutic strategies used to target FOXM1 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam R. Karpf
- Eppley Institute and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68918-6805, USA; (C.L.); (C.J.B.)
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Kalathil D, John S, Nair AS. FOXM1 and Cancer: Faulty Cellular Signaling Derails Homeostasis. Front Oncol 2021; 10:626836. [PMID: 33680951 PMCID: PMC7927600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.626836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box transcription factor, FOXM1 is implicated in several cellular processes such as proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and redox signaling. In addition to being a boon for the normal functioning of a cell, FOXM1 turns out to be a bane by manifesting in several disease scenarios including cancer. It has been given an oncogenic status based on several evidences indicating its role in tumor development and progression. FOXM1 is highly expressed in several cancers and has also been implicated in poor prognosis. A comprehensive understanding of various aspects of this molecule has revealed its role in angiogenesis, invasion, migration, self- renewal and drug resistance. In this review, we attempt to understand various mechanisms underlying FOXM1 gene and protein regulation in cancer including the different signaling pathways, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications. Identifying crucial molecules associated with these processes can aid in the development of potential pharmacological approaches to curb FOXM1 mediated tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Kalathil
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Samu John
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Asha S Nair
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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31
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Rocha D, García IA, González Montoro A, Llera A, Prato L, Girotti MR, Soria G, Fernández EA. Pan-Cancer Molecular Patterns and Biological Implications Associated with a Tumor-Specific Molecular Signature. Cells 2020; 10:E45. [PMID: 33396205 PMCID: PMC7823585 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying tissue-independent components of cancer and defining pan-cancer subtypes could be addressed using tissue-specific molecular signatures if classification errors are controlled. Since PAM50 is a well-known, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved and commercially available breast cancer signature, we applied it with uncertainty assessment to classify tumor samples from over 33 cancer types, discarded unassigned samples, and studied the emerging tumor-agnostic molecular patterns. The percentage of unassigned samples ranged between 55.5% and 86.9% in non-breast tissues, and gene set analysis suggested that the remaining samples could be grouped into two classes (named C1 and C2) regardless of the tissue. The C2 class was more dedifferentiated, more proliferative, with higher centrosome amplification, and potentially more TP53 and RB1 mutations. We identified 28 gene sets and 95 genes mainly associated with cell-cycle progression, cell-cycle checkpoints, and DNA damage that were consistently exacerbated in the C2 class. In some cancer types, the C1/C2 classification was associated with survival and drug sensitivity, and modulated the prognostic meaning of the immune infiltrate. Our results suggest that PAM50 could be repurposed for a pan-cancer context when paired with uncertainty assessment, resulting in two classes with molecular, biological, and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darío Rocha
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina; (D.R.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Iris A. García
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba X5016DHK, Argentina;
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina;
| | - Aldana González Montoro
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina; (D.R.); (A.G.M.)
- Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Andrea Llera
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular—Genocan, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina;
| | - Laura Prato
- Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Villa María, Córdoba X5900, Argentina;
| | - María R. Girotti
- Laboratorio de Inmuno Oncología Traslacional, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina;
| | - Gastón Soria
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina;
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Elmer A. Fernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina; (D.R.); (A.G.M.)
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba X5016DHK, Argentina;
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FAM188B Expression Is Critical for Cell Growth via FOXM1 Regulation in Lung Cancer. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110465. [PMID: 33142744 PMCID: PMC7693245 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although family with sequence similarity 188 member B (FAM188B) is known to be a member of a novel putative deubiquitinase family, its biological role has not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate the oncogenic function of FAM188B via regulation of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), another oncogenic transcription factor, in lung cancer cells. FAM188B knockdown induced the inhibition of cell growth along with the downregulation of mRNA and protein levels of FOXM1. FAM188B knockdown also resulted in downregulation of Survivin and cell cycle-related proteins, which are direct targets of FOXM1. Interestingly, FOXM1 co-immunoprecipitated with FAM188B, and the levels of FOXM1 ubiquitination increased with FAM188B knockdown but decreased with FAM188B overexpression. In addition, in vivo xenograft of FAM188B siRNA (siFAM188B) RNA-treated cells resulted in the retardation of tumor growth compared with that in the control. Furthermore, protein levels of FAM188B and FOXM1 were elevated in the human lung cancer tissues, and FAM188B expression was negatively correlated with the overall survival of lung cancer patients. These results indicate that FAM188B exerts its oncogenic effects by regulating FOXM1 deubiquitination and thus its stability. Therefore, FAM188B might be a potential therapeutic target to control lung cancer progression.
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Kase AM, Copland III JA, Tan W. Novel Therapeutic Strategies for CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10499-10513. [PMID: 33116629 PMCID: PMC7576355 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s266085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer will have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Investigative efforts on new therapeutics for this patient population have improved with the development of androgen signaling inhibitors, such as abiraterone and enzalutamide, and PARP inhibitors, such as rucaparib and olaparib, to accompany the previously FDA-approved docetaxel, cabazitaxel, sipuleucel-T, and Radium 223. However, new therapeutic strategies are necessary to prolong survival as progression after these agents is inevitable. CDK4/6 inhibitors have advanced the field of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer treatment and are being investigated in prostate cancer given the role of androgen receptor signaling effects on the cell cycle. Response to CDK4/6 inhibitors may be predicted by the tumors' genomic profile and may provide insight into combinatory therapy with CDK4/6 inhibitors in order to delay resistance or provide synergistic effects. Here, we review the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in prostate cancer and potential combinations based on known resistance mechanisms to CDK4/6 inhibitors, prostate cancer regulatory pathways, and prostate-cancer-specific genomic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Kase
- Mayo Clinic Florida Division of Hematology Oncology, Jacksonville, FL32224, USA
| | - John A Copland III
- Mayo Clinic Florida Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, FL32224, USA
| | - Winston Tan
- Mayo Clinic Florida Division of Hematology Oncology, Jacksonville, FL32224, USA
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34
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Poly-(Lactic-co-Glycolic) Acid Nanoparticles for Synergistic Delivery of Epirubicin and Paclitaxel to Human Lung Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184243. [PMID: 32947799 PMCID: PMC7570462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy using chemically distinct drugs has appeared as one of the promising strategies to improve anticancer treatment efficiency. In the present investigation, poly-(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles electrostatically conjugated with polyethylenimine (PEI)-based co-delivery system for epirubicin and paclitaxel (PLGA-PEI-EPI-PTX NPs) has been developed. The PLGA-PEI-EPI-PTX NPs exhibited a monodispersed size distribution with an average size of 240.93 ± 12.70 nm as measured through DLS and 70.8-145 nm using AFM. The zeta potential of 41.95 ± 0.65 mV from -17.45 ± 2.15 mV further confirmed the colloidal stability and PEI modification on PLGA nanoparticles. Encapsulation and loading efficiency along with in vitro release of drug for nanoparticles were done spectrophotometrically. The FTIR analysis of PLGA-PEI-EPI-PTX NPs revealed the involvement of amide moiety between polymer PLGA and PEI. The effect of nanoparticles on the cell migration was also corroborated through wound healing assay. The MTT assay demonstrated that PLGA-PEI-EPI-PTX NPs exhibited considerable anticancer potential as compared to the naïve drugs. Further, p53 protein expression analysed through western blot showed enhanced expression. This study suggests that combination therapy using PLGA-PEI-EPI-PTX NPs represent a potential approach and could offer clinical benefits in the future for lung cancer patients.
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35
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Bradfield A, Button L, Drury J, Green DC, Hill CJ, Hapangama DK. Investigating the Role of Telomere and Telomerase Associated Genes and Proteins in Endometrial Cancer. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:E63. [PMID: 32899298 PMCID: PMC7565490 DOI: 10.3390/mps3030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the commonest gynaecological malignancy. Current prognostic markers are inadequate to accurately predict patient survival, necessitating novel prognostic markers, to improve treatment strategies. Telomerase has a unique role within the endometrium, whilst aberrant telomerase activity is a hallmark of many cancers. The aim of the current in silico study is to investigate the role of telomere and telomerase associated genes and proteins (TTAGPs) in EC to identify potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Analysis of RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in EC (568 TTAGPs out of 3467) and ascertained DEGs associated with histological subtypes, higher grade endometrioid tumours and late stage EC. Functional analysis demonstrated that DEGs were predominantly involved in cell cycle regulation, while the survival analysis identified 69 DEGs associated with prognosis. The protein-protein interaction network constructed facilitated the identification of hub genes, enriched transcription factor binding sites and drugs that may target the network. Thus, our in silico methods distinguished many critical genes associated with telomere maintenance that were previously unknown to contribute to EC carcinogenesis and prognosis, including NOP56, WFS1, ANAPC4 and TUBB4A. Probing the prognostic and therapeutic utility of these novel TTAGP markers will form an exciting basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Bradfield
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK; (A.B.); (J.D.); (C.J.H.)
| | - Lucy Button
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK;
| | - Josephine Drury
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK; (A.B.); (J.D.); (C.J.H.)
| | - Daniel C. Green
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK;
| | - Christopher J. Hill
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK; (A.B.); (J.D.); (C.J.H.)
| | - Dharani K. Hapangama
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK; (A.B.); (J.D.); (C.J.H.)
- Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK
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36
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Ci B, Yang DM, Cai L, Yang L, Girard L, Fujimoto J, Wistuba II, Xie Y, Minna JD, Travis W, Xiao G. Molecular differences across invasive lung adenocarcinoma morphological subgroups. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:1029-1040. [PMID: 32953482 PMCID: PMC7481608 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-19-321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinomas (ADCs) show heterogeneous morphological patterns that are classified into five subgroups: lepidic predominant, papillary predominant, acinar predominant, micropapillary predominant and solid predominant. The morphological classification of ADCs has been reported to be associated with patient prognosis and adjuvant chemotherapy response. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the morphology differences among different subgroups remain largely unknown. Methods Using the molecular profiling data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) lung ADC (LUAD) cohort, we studied the molecular differences across invasive ADC morphological subgroups. Results We showed that the expression of proteins and mRNAs, but not the gene mutations copy number alterations (CNA), were significantly associated with lung ADC morphological subgroups. In addition, expression of the FOXM1 gene (which is negatively associated with patient survival) likely plays an important role in the morphological differences among different subgroups. Moreover, we found that protein abundance of PD-L1 were associated with the malignancy of subgroups. These results were validated in an independent cohort. Conclusions This study provides insights into the molecular differences among different lung ADC morphological subgroups, which could lead to potential subgroup-specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ci
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Donghan M Yang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, National Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Luc Girard
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Xie
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - William Travis
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guanghua Xiao
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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37
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Abdoli Shadbad M, Hajiasgharzadeh K, Baradaran B. Cross-talk between myeloid-derived suppressor cells and Mucin1 in breast cancer vaccination: On the verge of a breakthrough. Life Sci 2020; 258:118128. [PMID: 32710947 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although breast cancer is one of the leading troublesome cancers, the available therapeutic options have not fulfilled the desired outcomes. Immune-based therapy has gained special attention for breast cancer treatment. Although this approach is highly tolerable, its low response rate has rendered it as an undesirable approach. This review aims to describe the essential oncogenic pathways involved in breast cancer, elucidate the immunosuppression and oncogenic effect of Mucin1, and introduce myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which are the main culprits of anti-tumoral immune response attenuation. The various auto-inductive loops between Mucin1 and myeloid-derived suppressor cells are focal in the suppression of anti-tumoral immune responses in patients with breast cancer. These cross-talks between the Mucin1 and myeloid-derived suppressor cells can be the underlying causes of immunotherapy's impotence for patients with breast cancer. This approach can pave the road for the development of a potent vaccine for patients with breast cancer and is translated into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khalil Hajiasgharzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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SETD1A Promotes Proliferation of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells via FOXM1 Transcription. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071736. [PMID: 32629770 PMCID: PMC7407996 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy eventually leads to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the histone H3K4 methyltransferase SETD1A is a major regulator for the proliferation of metastatic CRPC (mCRPC). The expression of SETD1A was significantly correlated with the survival rate of patients with prostate cancer. SETD1A, which is expressed at a higher level in mCRPC than in primary prostate cancer cells, promotes the expression of FOXM1, a gene encoding a cell proliferation-specific transcription factor. SETD1A is recruited to the promoter region of FOXM1 (forkhead box M1) upon binding to E2F1, a protein that regulates the transcription of FOXM1 and contributes to the trimethylation of H3K4 in the FOXM1 promoter region. In addition, SETD1A is essential for the expression of stem cell factor (e.g., OCT4, octamer-binding transcription factor 4) and stem cell formation in mCRPC, suggesting the importance of SETD1A expression in mCRPC tumor formation. Notably, poor prognosis is associated with high expression of the SETD1A-FOXM1 pair in clinical data sets. Therefore, our study suggests that SETD1A plays an important role in the proliferation of mCRPC by regulating FOXM1 transcription.
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39
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Zhou K, Mai H, Zheng S, Cai W, Yang X, Chen Z, Zhan B. OTUB1-mediated deubiquitination of FOXM1 up-regulates ECT-2 to promote tumor progression in renal cell carcinoma. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:50. [PMID: 32257108 PMCID: PMC7106863 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00408-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background OTUB1 (ovarian tumor domain protease domain-containing ubiquitin aldehyde-binding proteins)-mediated deubiquitination of FOXM1 (Forkhead box M1) participates in carcinogenesis of various tumors. We aim to investigate the effect and mechanism of OTUB1/FOXM1 on RCC (renal cell carcinoma) progression. Expression levels of OTUB1 in RCC tissues and cell lines were examined by qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and immunohistochemistry. Cell proliferation was measured with CCK8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) and colony formation assays. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to determine cell migration and invasion, respectively. The effect of OTUB1 on FOXM1 ubiquitination was examined by Immunoprecipitation. Western blot was used to uncover the underlying mechanism. In vivo subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model combined with immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to examine the tumorigenic function of OTUB1. Results OTUB1 was up-regulated in RCC tissues and cell lines, and was associated with poor prognosis of RCC patients. Knockdown of OTUB1 inhibited cell viability and proliferation, as well as migration and invasion of RCC cells. Mechanistically, knockdown of OTUB1 down-regulated FOXM1 expression by promoting its ubiquitination. Down-regulation of FOXM1 inhibited ECT2 (epithelial cell transforming 2)-mediated Rho signaling. Moreover, the inhibition of RCC progression caused by OTUB1 knockdown was reversed by FOXM1 over-expression. In vivo subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model also revealed that knockdown of OTUB1 could suppress in vivo RCC growth via down-regulation of FOXM1-mediated ECT2 expression. Conclusions OTUB1-mediated deubiquitination of FOXM1 up-regulates ECT-2 to promote tumor progression in RCC, providing a new potential therapeutic target for RCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhou
- 1Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Haixing Mai
- 2Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Song Zheng
- 1Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Weizhong Cai
- 1Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Xu Yang
- 1Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Zhenlin Chen
- 1Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Bin Zhan
- 1Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
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Tanaka I, Chakraborty A, Saulnier O, Benoit-Pilven C, Vacher S, Labiod D, Lam EWF, Bièche I, Delattre O, Pouzoulet F, Auboeuf D, Vagner S, Dutertre M. ZRANB2 and SYF2-mediated splicing programs converging on ECT2 are involved in breast cancer cell resistance to doxorubicin. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:2676-2693. [PMID: 31943118 PMCID: PMC7049692 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides analyses of specific alternative splicing (AS) variants, little is known about AS regulatory pathways and programs involved in anticancer drug resistance. Doxorubicin is widely used in breast cancer chemotherapy. Here, we identified 1723 AS events and 41 splicing factors regulated in a breast cancer cell model of acquired resistance to doxorubicin. An RNAi screen on splicing factors identified the little studied ZRANB2 and SYF2, whose depletion partially reversed doxorubicin resistance. By RNAi and RNA-seq in resistant cells, we found that the AS programs controlled by ZRANB2 and SYF2 were enriched in resistance-associated AS events, and converged on the ECT2 splice variant including exon 5 (ECT2-Ex5+). Both ZRANB2 and SYF2 were found associated with ECT2 pre-messenger RNA, and ECT2-Ex5+ isoform depletion reduced doxorubicin resistance. Following doxorubicin treatment, resistant cells accumulated in S phase, which partially depended on ZRANB2, SYF2 and the ECT2-Ex5+ isoform. Finally, doxorubicin combination with an oligonucleotide inhibiting ECT2-Ex5 inclusion reduced doxorubicin-resistant tumor growth in mouse xenografts, and high ECT2-Ex5 inclusion levels were associated with bad prognosis in breast cancer treated with chemotherapy. Altogether, our data identify AS programs controlled by ZRANB2 and SYF2 and converging on ECT2, that participate to breast cancer cell resistance to doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Tanaka
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Paris Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer
| | - Alina Chakraborty
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Paris Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer
| | - Olivier Saulnier
- Institut Curie Research Center, SIREDO Oncology Center, Paris-Sciences-Lettres Research University, INSERM U830, Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Cancers, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | | | - Sophie Vacher
- Unité de Pharmacogénomique, Service de génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Dalila Labiod
- Paris Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Experimental Radiotherapy Platform, Orsay, France
| | | | - Ivan Bièche
- Unité de Pharmacogénomique, Service de génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- Institut Curie Research Center, SIREDO Oncology Center, Paris-Sciences-Lettres Research University, INSERM U830, Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Cancers, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Frédéric Pouzoulet
- Paris Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Experimental Radiotherapy Platform, Orsay, France
| | - Didier Auboeuf
- CNRS UMR 5239, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphan Vagner
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Paris Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer
| | - Martin Dutertre
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Paris Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer
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Fang Z, Lin M, Li C, Liu H, Gong C. A comprehensive review of the roles of E2F1 in colon cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:757-768. [PMID: 32266089 PMCID: PMC7136928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) is a member of the E2F family of transcription factors. E2F1 binds to DNA with dimerization partner (DP) proteins through an E2 recognition site. The dissociation of E2F1 from retinoblastoma (Rb) protein recovers its transcriptional activity, which drives the cell cycle from the G1 to S phase. E2F1 has been shown to be involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in colon cancer. It was recently found that E2F1 also participates in the metastasis and chemoresistance of colon cancer. There are abundant experimental data regarding the actions of E2F1, which can be grouped as either pro-tumorigenic or pro-apoptotic. Despite a growing interest and plentiful data, there is currently no review that focuses on the role of E2F1 in colon cancer. Research on E2F1 and colon cancer has been scattered over various genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) that affect E2F1 expression. Here, we provide the first review that aims to consider and dissect all of the elucidated complex behaviors of E2F1 in colon cancer. This review also provides an analysis and conclusion regarding the current understanding of E2F1 in colon cancer in order to facilitate the direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Fang
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People’s Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversitySanmen 317100, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanmen People’s Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversitySanmen 317100, China
| | - Min Lin
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People’s Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversitySanmen 317100, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First HospitalNingbo 315010, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Zhejiang Normal University-Jinhua People’s Hospital Joint Center for Biomedical ResearchJinhua 321004, China
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Chaoju Gong
- Central Laboratory, The Municipal Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221002, China
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Yao H, Lu F, Shao Y. The E2F family as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in colon cancer. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8562. [PMID: 32117628 PMCID: PMC7035869 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The E2F family is a group of genes encoding a series of transcription factors in higher eukaryotes and participating in the regulation of cell cycle and DNA synthesis in mammals. This study was designed to investigate the role of E2F family in colon cancer. Methods In this study, the transcriptional levels of E2F1-8 in patients with colon cancer from GEPIA was examined. Meanwhile, the immunohistochemical data of the eight genes were also obtained in the The Human Protein Atlas website. Additionally, we re-identified the mRNA expression levels of these genes via real time PCR. Furthermore, the association between the levels of E2F family and stage plot as wells overall survival of patients with colon cancer were analyzed. Results We found that the mRNA and protein levels of E2F1, E2F2, E3F3, E2F5, E2F7 and E2F8 were significantly higher in colon cancer tissues than in normal colon tissues while the expression levels of E2F4 and E2F6 displayed no significant difference between colon cancer tissues and normal tissues. Additionally, E2F3, E2F4, E2F7 and E2F8 were significantly associated with the stages of colon cancer. The Kaplan-Meier Plotter showed that the high levels of E2F3 conferred a worse overall survival and disease free survival of patients with colon cancer. Also, high levels of E2F4 resulted in a worse overall survival. Conclusion Our study implied that E2F3, E2F4, E2F7 and E2F8 are potential targets of precision therapy for patients with colon cancer while E2F1, E2F2, E3F3, E2F5, E2F7 and E2F8 are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Department of Neurology, Second People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
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Mutant P53 induces MELK expression by release of wild-type P53-dependent suppression of FOXM1. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:2. [PMID: 31909186 PMCID: PMC6941974 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-019-0143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer, and is associated with a poor prognosis due to frequent distant metastasis and lack of effective targeted therapies. Previously, we identified maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) to be highly expressed in TNBCs as compared with ER-positive breast cancers. Here we determined the molecular mechanism by which MELK is overexpressed in TNBCs. Analysis of publicly available data sets revealed that MELK mRNA is elevated in p53-mutant breast cancers. Consistent with this observation, MELK protein levels are higher in p53-mutant vs. p53 wild-type breast cancer cells. Furthermore, inactivation of wild-type p53, by loss or mutation of the p53 gene, increases MELK expression, whereas overexpression of wild-type p53 in p53-null cells reduces MELK promoter activity and MELK expression. We further analyzed MELK expression in breast cancer data sets and compared that with known wild-type p53 target genes. This analysis revealed that MELK expression strongly correlates with genes known to be suppressed by wild-type p53. Promoter deletion studies identified a p53-responsive region within the MELK promoter that did not map to the p53 consensus response elements, but to a region containing a FOXM1-binding site. Consistent with this result, knockdown of FOXM1 reduced MELK expression in p53-mutant TNBC cells and expression of wild-type p53 reduced FOXM1 expression. ChIP assays demonstrated that expression of wild-type p53 reduces binding of E2F1 (a critical transcription factor controlling FOXM1 expression) to the FOXM1 promoter, thereby, reducing FOXM1 expression. These results show that wild-type p53 suppresses FOXM1 expression, and thus MELK expression, through indirect mechanisms. Overall, these studies demonstrate that wild-type p53 represses MELK expression by inhibiting E2F1A-dependent transcription of FOXM1 and that mutation-driven loss of wild-type p53, which frequently occurs in TNBCs, induces MELK expression by suppressing FOXM1 expression and activity in p53-mutant breast cancers.
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Ai C, Zhang J, Lian S, Ma J, Győrffy B, Qian Z, Han Y, Feng Q. FOXM1 functions collaboratively with PLAU to promote gastric cancer progression. J Cancer 2020; 11:788-794. [PMID: 31949481 PMCID: PMC6959008 DOI: 10.7150/jca.37323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the main mortality cause worldwide. Previously, we found Forkhead box protein (FOXM1) or Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) are independent prognostic markers of GC. This study aims to explore the combining prognostic efficacy and the potential insights underlying additive effect of FOXM1 to PLAU in GC progression through in-silico analyses. Method: The expression of FOXM1 and PLAU were profiled in 33 cancer types using public data. A merged GC expression dataset containing 598 samples was used for evaluating prognostic significance of FOXM1/PLAU. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying FOXM1/PLAU promoted GC progression. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used for analyzing the association between FOXM1/PLAU and tumor immune infiltration. Genomic and proteomic differences between FOXM1+PLAU+ and FOXM1-PLAU- groups were also computed using TCGA GC data. Drugs targeting FOXM1/PLAU associated gene expression pattern was analyzed using LINCs database. Results: FOXM1 and PLAU are overexpressed in 17/33 cancer types including GC. Kaplan-Meier analyses indicate that the FOXM1+PLAU+ subgroup have the worst prognosis, while FOXM1-PLAU- subgroup have the best survival. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that FOXM1+PLAU+ associated genes are enriched in TGF-beta, DNA repair and drug resistance signaling pathways; FOXM1 and PLAU expression are negatively correlated with tumor immune infiltration. Genomic and proteomic differences between FOXM1+PLAU+ and FOXM1-PLAU- groups were presented. Data mining from LINCs suggested several chemicals or drugs that could target the gene expression pattern of FOXM1+PLAU+ patients. Conclusion: FOXM1+PLAU+ can serve as effective prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for GC. Due to the additive effect of these two genes, screening for drugs or chemicals that targeting the expression patterns PLAU+FOXM1+ subgroup may exert important clinical impact on GC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ai
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, P. R. China
| | - Jixin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shenyi Lian
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary; Second Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary
| | - Zhenyuan Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Han
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute, Beijing, China
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Yang N, Wang C, Wang J, Wang Z, Huang D, Yan M, Kamran M, Liu Q, Xu B. Aurora kinase A stabilizes FOXM1 to enhance paclitaxel resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6442-6453. [PMID: 31359594 PMCID: PMC6714217 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a relatively poor outcome. Acquired chemoresistance is a major clinical challenge for TNBC patients. Previously, we reported that kinase-dead Aurora kinase A (Aurora-A) could effectively transactivate the FOXM1 promoter. Here, we demonstrate an additional pathway through which Aurora-A stabilizes FOXM1 by attenuating its ubiquitin in TNBC. Specifically, Aurora-A stabilizes FOXM1 in late M phase and early G1 phase of the cell cycle, which promotes proliferation of TNBC cells. Knock-down of Aurora-A significantly suppresses cell proliferation in TNBC cell lines and can be rescued by FOXM1 overexpression. We observe that paclitaxel-resistant TNBC cells exhibit high expression of Aurora-A and FOXM1. Overexpression of Aurora-A offers TNBC cells an additional growth advantage and protection against paclitaxel. Moreover, Aurora-A and FOXM1 could be simultaneously targeted by thiostrepton. Combination of thiostrepton and paclitaxel treatment reverses paclitaxel resistance and significantly inhibits cell proliferation. In conclusion, our study reveals additional mechanism through which Aurora-A regulates FOXM1 and provides a new therapeutic strategy to treat paclitaxel-resistant triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology, GanZhou Municipal People's Hospital, NanChang University, GanZhou, China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quentin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - BangLao Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Kongsema M, Wongkhieo S, Khongkow M, Lam EWF, Boonnoy P, Vongsangnak W, Wong-Ekkabut J. Molecular mechanism of Forkhead box M1 inhibition by thiostrepton in breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:953-962. [PMID: 31322278 PMCID: PMC6667886 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of malignancies in women worldwide, and genotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs are effective by causing DNA damage in cancer cells. However, >90% of patients with metastatic cancer are resistant to chemotherapy. The Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) transcription factor plays a pivotal role in the resistance of breast cancer cells to chemotherapy by promoting DNA damage repair following genotoxic drug treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibition of the FOXM1 protein by thiostrepton, a natural antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces species. Experimental studies were designed to examine the effectiveness of thiostrepton in downregulating FOXM1 mRNA expression and activity, leading to senescence and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of thiostrepton in breast cancer was determined using cell viability assay. Additionally, thiostrepton treatment decreased the mRNA expression of cyclin B1 (CCNB1), a downstream target of FOXM1. The present results indicated that thiostrepton inhibited FOXM1 mRNA expression and its effect on CCNB1. Molecular dynamic simulations were performed to study the interactions between FOXM1-DNA and thiostrepton after molecular docking. The results revealed that the possible mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of thiostrepton on FOXM1 function was by forming a tight complex with the DNA and FOXM1 via its binding domain. Collectively, these results indicated that thiostrepton is a specific and direct inhibitor of the FOXM1 protein in breast cancer. The findings of the present study may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer and help overcome resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesayamas Kongsema
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Sudtirak Wongkhieo
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Mattaka Khongkow
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Phansiri Boonnoy
- Computational Biomodelling Laboratory for Agricultural Science and Technology (CBLAST), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Wanwipa Vongsangnak
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jirasak Wong-Ekkabut
- Computational Biomodelling Laboratory for Agricultural Science and Technology (CBLAST), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Schiroli G, Conti A, Ferrari S, Della Volpe L, Jacob A, Albano L, Beretta S, Calabria A, Vavassori V, Gasparini P, Salataj E, Ndiaye-Lobry D, Brombin C, Chaumeil J, Montini E, Merelli I, Genovese P, Naldini L, Di Micco R. Precise Gene Editing Preserves Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function following Transient p53-Mediated DNA Damage Response. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:551-565.e8. [PMID: 30905619 PMCID: PMC6458988 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Precise gene editing in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) holds promise for treating genetic diseases. However, responses triggered by programmable nucleases in HSPCs are poorly characterized and may negatively impact HSPC engraftment and long-term repopulation capacity. Here, we induced either one or several DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) with optimized zinc-finger and CRISPR/Cas9 nucleases and monitored DNA damage response (DDR) foci induction, cell-cycle progression, and transcriptional responses in HSPC subpopulations, with up to single-cell resolution. p53-mediated DDR pathway activation was the predominant response to even single-nuclease-induced DSBs across all HSPC subtypes analyzed. Excess DSB load and/or adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of DNA repair templates induced cumulative p53 pathway activation, constraining proliferation, yield, and engraftment of edited HSPCs. However, functional impairment was reversible when DDR burden was low and could be overcome by transient p53 inhibition. These findings provide molecular and functional evidence for feasible and seamless gene editing in HSPCs. DNA DSBs induced by programmable nucleases transiently activate the DDR in HSPCs Single-cell transcriptomics show that induced DSBs activate the p53 pathway AAV6-mediated genome editing aggravates p53 activation and delays HSPC proliferation Transient p53 inhibition alleviates clonogenic and repopulation defects in edited HSPCs
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Schiroli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Anastasia Conti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Della Volpe
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Aurelien Jacob
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Milano-Bicocca University, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Albano
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Beretta
- Milano-Bicocca University, 20126 Milan, Italy; Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Andrea Calabria
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Vavassori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gasparini
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Eralda Salataj
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Delphine Ndiaye-Lobry
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Chiara Brombin
- CUSSB-University Center for Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Julie Chaumeil
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Eugenio Montini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Pietro Genovese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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Barger CJ, Branick C, Chee L, Karpf AR. Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Genomic Features of FOXM1 Overexpression in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020251. [PMID: 30795624 PMCID: PMC6406812 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXM1 is frequently overexpressed in cancer, but this has not been studied in a comprehensive manner. We utilized genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) normal and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) tumor data to define FOXM1 expression, including its isoforms, and to determine the genetic alterations that promote FOXM1 expression in cancer. Additionally, we used human fallopian tube epithelial (FTE) cells to dissect the role of Retinoblastoma (Rb)-E2F and Cyclin E1 in FOXM1 regulation, and a novel human embryonic kidney cell (HEK293T) CRISPR FOXM1 knockout model to define isoform-specific transcriptional programs. FOXM1 expression, at the mRNA and protein level, was significantly elevated in tumors with FOXM1 amplification, p53 inactivation, and Rb-E2F deregulation. FOXM1 expression was remarkably high in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT), high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), and basal breast cancer (BBC). FOXM1 expression in cancer was associated with genomic instability, as measured using aneuploidy signatures. FTE models confirmed a role for Rb-E2F signaling in FOXM1 regulation and in particular identified Cyclin E1 as a novel inducer of FOXM1 expression. Among the three FOXM1 isoforms, FOXM1c showed the highest expression in normal and tumor tissues and cancer cell lines. The CRISPR knockout model demonstrated that FOXM1b and FOXM1c are transcriptionally active, while FOXM1a is not. Finally, we were unable to confirm the existence of a FOXM1 auto-regulatory loop. This study provides significant and novel information regarding the frequency, causes, and consequences of elevated FOXM1 expression in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter J Barger
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Connor Branick
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Linda Chee
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Adam R Karpf
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Saleembhasha A, Mishra S. Long non-coding RNAs as pan-cancer master gene regulators of associated protein-coding genes: a systems biology approach. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6388. [PMID: 30809433 PMCID: PMC6387586 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite years of research, we are still unraveling crucial stages of gene expression regulation in cancer. On the basis of major biological hallmarks, we hypothesized that there must be a uniform gene expression pattern and regulation across cancer types. Among non-coding genes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key gene regulators playing powerful roles in cancer. Using TCGA RNAseq data, we analyzed coding (mRNA) and non-coding (lncRNA) gene expression across 15 and 9 common cancer types, respectively. 70 significantly differentially expressed genes common to all 15 cancer types were enlisted. Correlating with protein expression levels from Human Protein Atlas, we observed 34 positively correlated gene sets which are enriched in gene expression, transcription from RNA Pol-II, regulation of transcription and mitotic cell cycle biological processes. Further, 24 lncRNAs were among common significantly differentially expressed non-coding genes. Using guilt-by-association method, we predicted lncRNAs to be involved in same biological processes. Combining RNA-RNA interaction prediction and transcription regulatory networks, we identified E2F1, FOXM1 and PVT1 regulatory path as recurring pan-cancer regulatory entity. PVT1 is predicted to interact with SYNE1 at 3′-UTR; DNAJC9, RNPS1 at 5′-UTR and ATXN2L, ALAD, FOXM1 and IRAK1 at CDS sites. The key findings are that through E2F1, FOXM1 and PVT1 regulatory axis and possible interactions with different coding genes, PVT1 may be playing a prominent role in pan-cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asanigari Saleembhasha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Seema Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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50
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Varghese V, Magnani L, Harada-Shoji N, Mauri F, Szydlo RM, Yao S, Lam EWF, Kenny LM. FOXM1 modulates 5-FU resistance in colorectal cancer through regulating TYMS expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1505. [PMID: 30728402 PMCID: PMC6365533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to 5-Fluoruracil (5-FU) has been linked to elevated expression of the main target, thymidylate synthase (TYMS), which catalyses the de novo pathway for production of deoxythymidine monophosphate. The potent oncogenic forkhead box transcription factor, FOXM1 is is regulated by E2F1 which also controls TYMS. This study reveals a significant role of FOXM1 in 5-FU resistance. Overexpression and knock-down studies of FOXM1 in colon cancer cells suggest the importance of FOXM1 in TYMS regulation. ChIP and global ChIP-seq data also confirms that FOXM1 can also potentially regulate other 5-FU targets, such as TYMS, thymidine kinase 1 (TK-1) and thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP). In human colorectal cancer tissue specimens, a strong correlation of FOXM1 and TYMS staining was observed. Elevated FOXM1 and TYMS expression was also observed in acquired 5-FU resistant colon cancer cells (HCT116 5-FU Res). A synergistic effect was observed following treatment of CRC cells with an inhibitor of FOXM1, thiostrepton, in combination with 5-FU. The combination treatment decreased colony formation and migration, and induced cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis in CRC cell lines. In summary, this research demonstrated that FOXM1 plays a pivotal role in 5-FU resistance at least partially through the regulation of TYMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya Varghese
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, USA
| | - Luca Magnani
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, USA
| | | | - Francesco Mauri
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, USA
| | | | - Shang Yao
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, USA
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, USA.
| | - Laura M Kenny
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, USA.
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