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Hapugoda M, Gunawardena NS, Ranathunge T, Bouyer J, Maiga H, Karunathilake K, Withanage GP, Weerasinghe I, Sow BBD, Harishchandra J. Mark-Release-Recapture (MRR) of Sterile Male Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Sri Lanka: Field Performance of Sterile Males and Estimation of the Wild Mosquito Population Density. INSECTS 2024; 15:466. [PMID: 39057199 PMCID: PMC11276655 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Dengue is an important mosquito-borne disease in Sri Lanka. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is an environment-friendly and novel method that can suppress dengue vector mosquitoes in Sri Lanka. This study aimed to evaluate the field performance of sterile males and the density of wild male Aedes albopictus (Skuse) using a Mark-Release-Recapture (MRR) assay. Laboratory-colonized male pupae were exposed to 50 Gy gamma using a Co60 source. Sterile males (approx. 10,000) marked with fluorescent dust were released weekly for 4 consecutive weeks (January-February 2021) in a geographically isolated 30 ha site in Gampaha. Results show sterile males could disperse up to 543.8 m with a mean distance of 255.1 ± 44.6 m and survive up to 6 days with a mean life expectancy of 3.55 ± 2.32 days. A high field mating competitiveness of sterile males based on a Fried value of 0.47 ± 0.007 and significant induced sterility in the wild eggs in the second generation were found. The mean wild male mosquito population density was 163 males/ha. The data generated will be useful for designing future trials in Sri Lanka and other countries with similar situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menaka Hapugoda
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama 11010, Sri Lanka; (N.S.G.); (G.P.W.)
| | - Nilmini Silva Gunawardena
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama 11010, Sri Lanka; (N.S.G.); (G.P.W.)
| | - Tharaka Ranathunge
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Eastern University, Batticaloa 30000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.); (H.M.)
- UMR ASTRE (Animal Santé Territoires Risques et Ecosystèmes), CIRAD, Plate Forme CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97491 Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.); (H.M.)
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 545, Burkina Faso;
| | - Kankanige Karunathilake
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya 11010, Sri Lanka;
| | - Gayan Parakrama Withanage
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama 11010, Sri Lanka; (N.S.G.); (G.P.W.)
| | - Indika Weerasinghe
- National Dengue Control Unit, Public Health Complex, Ministry of Health, Narahenpita, Colombo 01000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Bazoumana B. D. Sow
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 545, Burkina Faso;
| | - Jeevanie Harishchandra
- Anti-Malaria Campaign (AMC), Public Health Complex, Ministry of Health, Narahenpita, Colombo 01000, Sri Lanka;
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Zhang DJ, Sun Y, Yamada H, Wu Y, Wang G, Feng QD, Paerhande D, Maiga H, Bouyer J, Qian J, Wu ZD, Zheng XY. Effects of radiation on the fitness, sterility and arbovirus susceptibility of a Wolbachia-free Aedes albopictus strain for use in the sterile insect technique. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4186-4196. [PMID: 37318795 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a green and species-specific insect pest control technique that suppresses target populations by releasing factory-reared, radiosterilized males into the wild. Once released, it is important to be able to distinguish the released males from the wild males for monitoring purposes. Several methods to mark the sterile males exist. However, most have limitations due to monetary, process efficiency, or insect quality. Aedes albopictus is naturally infected with Wolbachia at a high prevalence, therefore the elimination of Wolbachia can serve as a biomarker to distinguish factory-reared male mosquitoes from wild conspecifics. RESULTS In this study, a Wolbachia-free Ae. albopictus GT strain was developed and its fitness evaluated, which was found to be comparable to the wild GUA strain. In addition, GT male mosquitoes were irradiated at the adult stage and a dose of 20 Gy or more induced over 99% sterility. Moreover, a dose of 30 Gy (almost completely sterilizing male and female mosquitoes) had limited effects on the mating competitiveness of GT males and the vector competence of GT females, respectively. However, radiation reduced mosquito longevity, regardless of sex. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the Ae. albopictus GT strain can be distinguished from wild mosquitoes based on Wolbachia status and shows similar fitness, radio-sensitivity and arbovirus susceptibility to the GUA strain, indicating that it is feasible to use the GT strain to suppress Ae. albopictus populations for SIT programmes. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jing Zhang
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- SYSU Nuclear and Insect Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- SYSU Nuclear and Insect Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yu Wu
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Deng Feng
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dilinuer Paerhande
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jun Qian
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Dao Wu
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zheng
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Caputo B, Moretti R, Virgillito C, Manica M, Lampazzi E, Lombardi G, Serini P, Pichler V, Beebe NW, Della Torre A, Calvitti M. A bacterium against the tiger: further evidence of the potential of noninundative releases of males with manipulated Wolbachia infection in reducing fertility of Aedes albopictus field populations in Italy. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3167-3176. [PMID: 37022600 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incompatible insect technique (IIT) is a population suppression approach based on the release of males with manipulated Wolbachia infection inducing egg inviability in wild females. We here present results of multiple field releases of incompatible ARwP males carried out in 2019 in a 2.7-ha green area within urban Rome (Italy) to assess the effect on Aedes albopictus egg viability. Data are compared with results obtained in 2018, when the approach was tested for the first time in Europe. RESULTS An average of 4674 ARwP males were released weekly for 7 weeks, resulting in a mean ARwP:wild male ratio of 1.1:1 (versus 0.7:1 in 2018). Egg-viability dynamics in ovitraps significantly varied between treated and control sites, with an estimated overall reduction of 35% (versus 15% in 2018). The estimated proportion of females classified as mated with ARwP males was 41.8% and the viability rate of eggs laid by these females (9.5%) was on average significantly lower than that of females only mated with wild males (87.8%); however, high variability in fertility was observed. Values of ARwP male competitiveness were 0.36 and 0.73 based on the overall viability rate of eggs in ovitraps and on female fertility, respectively; thus, well above the conventional 0.2 threshold for an effective suppressive impact in the field. CONCLUSIONS Results further support the potential of IIT as a tool to contribute to Ae. albopictus control in the urban context, stressing the need for larger field trials to evaluate the cost-efficacy of the approach in temperate regions. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beniamino Caputo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Virgillito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Center for Health Emergencies, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
| | - Elena Lampazzi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Lombardi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Paola Serini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Verena Pichler
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Nigel W Beebe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, & CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alessandra Della Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
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Tur C, Almenar D, Zacarés M, Benlloch-Navarro S, Pla I, Dalmau V. Suppression Trial through an Integrated Vector Management of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) Based on the Sterile Insect Technique in a Non-Isolated Area in Spain. INSECTS 2023; 14:688. [PMID: 37623398 PMCID: PMC10455479 DOI: 10.3390/insects14080688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1984) has expanded its distribution globally due to its high ecological plasticity. This expansion has increased the population's susceptibility to contracting diseases such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, among others, which are transmitted by this mosquito species. In the absence of effective control methods, the application of the sterile insect technique (SIT) is proposed as part of an integrated vector management (IVM) program. From 2007 to 2020, this strategy has been tested in a non-isolated mosquito population urban area of 45 ha, representative of the municipalities of the Valencian region (Spain). The population levels of adult females and eggs collected in the traps have been reduced by 70-80% compared to the control area, demonstrating its efficacy in reducing mosquito populations. This work analyzes the impact of the migration of the wild mosquito population from the peri-urban area to the urban core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Tur
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E, M.P. (TRAGSA), Avenida de la Industria 26, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (D.A.); (S.B.-N.); (I.P.)
- Doctoral School, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, C/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain
| | - David Almenar
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E, M.P. (TRAGSA), Avenida de la Industria 26, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (D.A.); (S.B.-N.); (I.P.)
| | - Mario Zacarés
- Department of Basic and Transversal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Experimental Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, C/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Sandra Benlloch-Navarro
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E, M.P. (TRAGSA), Avenida de la Industria 26, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (D.A.); (S.B.-N.); (I.P.)
| | - Ignacio Pla
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E, M.P. (TRAGSA), Avenida de la Industria 26, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (D.A.); (S.B.-N.); (I.P.)
- Doctoral School, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, C/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Dalmau
- Conselleria de Agricultura, Desarrollo Rural, Emergencia Climática y Transición Ecológica, Apdo Correos 125, 46460 Silla, Spain;
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5
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Maïga H, Bakhoum MT, Mamai W, Diouf G, Bimbilé Somda NS, Wallner T, Martina C, Kotla SS, Masso OB, Yamada H, Sow BBD, Fall AG, Bouyer J. From the Lab to the Field: Long-Distance Transport of Sterile Aedes Mosquitoes. INSECTS 2023; 14:207. [PMID: 36835776 PMCID: PMC9967802 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pilot programs of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against Aedes aegypti may rely on importing significant and consistent numbers of high-quality sterile males from a distant mass rearing factory. As such, long-distance mass transport of sterile males may contribute to meet this requirement if their survival and quality are not compromised. This study therefore aimed to develop and assess a novel method for long-distance shipments of sterile male mosquitoes from the laboratory to the field. Different types of mosquito compaction boxes in addition to a simulation of the transport of marked and unmarked sterile males were assessed in terms of survival rates/recovery rates, flight ability and morphological damage to the mosquitoes. The novel mass transport protocol allowed long-distance shipments of sterile male mosquitoes for up to four days with a nonsignificant impact on survival (>90% for 48 h of transport and between 50 and 70% for 96 h depending on the type of mosquito compaction box), flight ability, and damage. In addition, a one-day recovery period for transported mosquitoes post-transport increased the escaping ability of sterile males by more than 20%. This novel system for the long-distance mass transport of mosquitoes may therefore be used to ship sterile males worldwide for journeys of two to four days. This study demonstrated that the protocol can be used for the standard mass transport of marked or unmarked chilled Aedes mosquitoes required for the SIT or other related genetic control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidou Maïga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest (IRSS-DRO), Bobo-Dioulasso BP 2779, Burkina Faso
| | - Mame Thierno Bakhoum
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
- Laboratoire National de l’Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar BP 2057, Senegal
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
- Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Yaoundé P.O. Box 2123, Cameroon
| | - Gorgui Diouf
- Laboratoire National de l’Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar BP 2057, Senegal
| | - Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies (UFR/ST), Université Norbert ZONGO (UNZ), Koudougou BP 376, Burkina Faso
| | - Thomas Wallner
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Martina
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simran Singh Kotla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Odet Bueno Masso
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bazoumana B. D. Sow
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest (IRSS-DRO), Bobo-Dioulasso BP 2779, Burkina Faso
| | - Assane Gueye Fall
- Laboratoire National de l’Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar BP 2057, Senegal
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
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6
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Velo E, Balestrino F, Kadriaj P, Carvalho DO, Dicko A, Bellini R, Puggioli A, Petrić D, Michaelakis A, Schaffner F, Almenar D, Pajovic I, Beqirllari A, Ali M, Sino G, Rogozi E, Jani V, Nikolla A, Porja T, Goga T, Fălcuă E, Kavran M, Pudar D, Mikov O, Ivanova-Aleksandrova N, Cvetkovikj A, Akıner MM, Mikovic R, Tafaj L, Bino S, Bouyer J, Mamai W. A Mark-Release-Recapture Study to Estimate Field Performance of Imported Radio-Sterilized Male Aedes albopictus in Albania. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:833698. [PMID: 36051578 PMCID: PMC9424856 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.833698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogen transmitting Aedes albopictus mosquito is spreading rapidly in Europe, putting millions of humans and animals at risk. This species is well-established in Albania since its first detection in 1979. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is increasingly gaining momentum worldwide as a component of area-wide-integrated pest management. However, estimating how the sterile males will perform in the field and the size of target populations is crucial for better decision-making, designing and elaborating appropriate SIT pilot trials, and subsequent large-scale release strategies. A mark-release-recapture (MRR) experiment was carried out in Albania within a highly urbanized area in the city of Tirana. The radio-sterilized adults of Ae. albopictus Albania strain males were transported by plane from Centro Agricoltura Ambiente (CAA) mass-production facility (Bologna, Italy), where they were reared. In Albania, sterile males were sugar-fed, marked with fluorescent powder, and released. The aim of this study was to estimate, under field conditions, their dispersal capacity, probability of daily survival and competitiveness, and the size of the target population. In addition, two adult mosquito collection methods were also evaluated: BG-Sentinel traps baited with BG-Lure and CO2, (BGS) versus human landing catch (HLC). The overall recapture rates did not differ significantly between the two methods (2.36% and 1.57% of the total male released were recaptured respectively by BGS and HLC), suggesting a similar trapping efficiency under these conditions. Sterile males traveled a mean distance of 93.85 ± 42.58 m and dispersed up to 258 m. Moreover, they were observed living in the field up to 15 days after release with an average life expectancy of 4.26 ± 0.80 days. Whether mosquitoes were marked with green, blue, yellow, or pink, released at 3.00 p.m. or 6.00 p.m., there was no significant difference in the recapture, dispersal, and survival rates in the field. The Fried competitiveness index was estimated at 0.28. This mark-release-recapture study provided important data for better decision-making and planning before moving to pilot SIT trials in Albania. Moreover, it also showed that both BG-traps and HLC were successful in monitoring adult mosquitoes and provided similar estimations of the main entomological parameters needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkelejda Velo
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
- *Correspondence: Enkelejda Velo, ; Wadaka Mamai,
| | - Fabrizio Balestrino
- Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente (Italy), Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Përparim Kadriaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Ahmadou Dicko
- Statistics for Development–STATS4D, Sacre Coeur III, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente (Italy), Crevalcore, Italy
| | | | - Dusan Petrić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Scient.Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Greece
| | | | - David Almenar
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E, M.P. (TRAGSA), Paterna, Spain
| | - Igor Pajovic
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | | | | | - Gjergji Sino
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Elton Rogozi
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Vjola Jani
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Tanja Porja
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, “MeteoAlb” Politechnic University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Thanas Goga
- Aide to the Prime Minister, Albania Department of Risk Communication and Community Engagement, WHE Balkan Hub, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Elena Fălcuă
- “Cantacuzino” National Military-Medical Institute for Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Kavran
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Pudar
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Ognyan Mikov
- National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Aleksandar Cvetkovikj
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine-Skopje, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Muhammet Mustafa Akıner
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Department of Biology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Rados Mikovic
- Veterinary Diagnostics Laboratory, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Lindita Tafaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Silva Bino
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Yaounde, Cameroon
- *Correspondence: Enkelejda Velo, ; Wadaka Mamai,
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Balestrino F, Puggioli A, Malfacini M, Albieri A, Carrieri M, Bouyer J, Bellini R. Field Performance Assessment of Irradiated Aedes albopictus Males Through Mark–Release–Recapture Trials With Multiple Release Points. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:876677. [PMID: 35928955 PMCID: PMC9344911 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.876677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mark–release–recapture (MRR) trials have been conducted in Northern Italy to evaluate the capacity of radio-substerilized Aedes albopictus males to survive, disperse, and engage in mating in the field. Two MRR sessions with the human landing collection method (HLC) were conducted with the simultaneous release of irradiated males marked with four different pigment colors. The survival and dispersal rates seem to be influenced more by environmental factors such as barriers, shading, and vegetation rather than weather parameters. In this study, we confirmed a positive linear relationship between the sterile adult male’s daily survival rate and the relative humidity previously reported in similar experimental conditions and a different dispersal capacity of the released A. albopictus males in low- (NDVI index <0.4) and high (NDVI index >0.4)-vegetated areas. Consistent with previous studies, A. albopictus males have their maximal dispersion in the first days after release, while in the following days the males become more stationary. The similar field performances obtained with marked and unmarked radio-sterilized and untreated A. albopictus males on similar environments confirm the negligible effects of irradiation and marking procedures on the quality of the males released. The similar sterile to wild (S/W) male ratio measured in high- and low-vegetation areas in the release sites indicates a similar distribution pattern for the wild and the released sterile males. According to the MRR data collected, the Lincoln index estimated different A. albopictus mean population densities in the study areas equal to 7,000 and 3,000 male/ha, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Balestrino
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Crevalcore, Italy
- *Correspondence: Fabrizio Balestrino,
| | - Arianna Puggioli
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Marco Malfacini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Alessandro Albieri
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Marco Carrieri
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- FAO/IAEA Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL), FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, FAO/IAEA Joint Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture (NAFA), Vienna, Austria
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE CIRAD-INRA, Animal, Health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystems, Montpellier, France
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Crevalcore, Italy
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Maïga H, Lu D, Mamai W, Bimbilé Somda NS, Wallner T, Bakhoum MT, Bueno Masso O, Martina C, Kotla SS, Yamada H, Salvador Herranz G, Argiles Herrero R, Chong CS, Tan CH, Bouyer J. Standardization of the FAO/IAEA Flight Test for Quality Control of Sterile Mosquitoes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:876675. [PMID: 35923573 PMCID: PMC9341283 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.876675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful implementation of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus relies on maintaining a consistent release of high-quality sterile males. Affordable, rapid, practical quality control tools based on the male’s flight ability (ability to escape from a flight device) may contribute to meeting this requirement. Therefore, this study aims to standardize the use of the original FAO/IAEA rapid quality control flight test device (FTD) (version 1.0), while improving handling conditions and reducing the device’s overall cost by assessing factors that could impact the subsequent flight ability of Aedes mosquitoes. The new FTD (version 1.1) is easier to use. The most important factors affecting escape rates were found to be tube color (or “shade”), the combined use of a lure and fan, mosquito species, and mosquito age and density (25; 50; 75; 100 males). Other factors measured but found to be less important were the duration of the test (30, 60, 90, 120 min), fan speed (normal 3000 rpm vs. high 6000 rpm), and mosquito strain origin. In addition, a cheaper version of the FTD (version 2.0) that holds eight individual tubes instead of 40 was designed and successfully validated against the new FTD (version 1.1). It was sensitive enough to distinguish between the effects of cold stress and high irradiation dose. Therefore, the eight-tube FTD may be used to assess Aedes’ flight ability. This study demonstrated that the new designs (versions 1.1 and 2.0) of the FTD could be used for standard routine quality assessments of Aedes mosquitoes required for an SIT and other male release-based programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidou Maïga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest (IRSS-DRO), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- *Correspondence: Hamidou Maïga, ,
| | - Deng Lu
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environnent Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Yaoundé-Messa, Cameroon
| | - Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies (UFR/ST), Université Norbert ZONGO (UNZ), Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Thomas Wallner
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Mame Thierno Bakhoum
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Odet Bueno Masso
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Claudia Martina
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Simran Singh Kotla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Gustavo Salvador Herranz
- Technical School of Design, Architecture and Engineering, University CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Argiles Herrero
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Chee Seng Chong
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environnent Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheong Huat Tan
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environnent Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
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Balestrino F, Bouyer J, Vreysen MJB, Veronesi E. Impact of Irradiation on Vector Competence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) for Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:876400. [PMID: 35721847 PMCID: PMC9204086 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.876400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective control strategies against arthropod disease vectors are amongst the most powerful tools to prevent the spread of vector-borne diseases. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is an effective and sustainable autocidal control method that has recently shown effective population suppression against different Aedes vector species worldwide. The SIT approach for mosquito vectors requires the release of radio-sterilized male mosquitoes only, but currently available sex separation techniques cannot ensure the complete elimination of females resulting in short-term risk of increased biting rate and arboviral disease transmission. In this study, we compared for the first time the transmission of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus females exposed as pupae to an irradiation dose of 40 Gy. Females of both species were fed on blood spiked with either dengue or chikungunya viruses, and body parts were tested for virus presence by real-time RT-PCR at different time points. No differences were observed in the dissemination efficiency of the dengue virus in irradiated and unirradiated Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. The dissemination of the chikungunya virus was higher in Ae. albopictus than in Ae. Aegypti, and irradiation increased the virus load in both species. However, we did not observe differences in the transmission efficiency for chikungunya (100%) and dengue (8–27%) between mosquito species, and irradiation did not impact transmissibility. Further implications of these results on the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases in the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Balestrino
- National Centre for Vector Entomology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Crevalcore, Italy
- *Correspondence: Fabrizio Balestrino,
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE CIRAD-INRA « Animals, Health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystems », Montpellier, France
- FAO/IAEA Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL), FAO/IAEA Joint Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture (NAFA), FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc J. B. Vreysen
- FAO/IAEA Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL), FAO/IAEA Joint Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture (NAFA), FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Veronesi
- National Centre for Vector Entomology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Environment, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Mastronikolos GD, Kapranas A, Balatsos GK, Ioannou C, Papachristos DP, Milonas PG, Puggioli A, Pajović I, Petrić D, Bellini R, Michaelakis A, Papadopoulos NT. Quality Control Methods for Aedes albopictus Sterile Male Transportation. INSECTS 2022; 13:179. [PMID: 35206755 PMCID: PMC8878208 DOI: 10.3390/insects13020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic based mosquito control methods have been gaining ground in recent years for their potential to achieve effective suppression or replacement of vector populations without hampering environments or causing any public health risk. These methods require the mass rearing of the target species in large facilities sized to produce millions of sterile males, as already well established for a number of insects of agricultural importance. Assessing the performance of released males in Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) control programs is of the utmost importance for the success of the operation. Besides the negative effects of mass rearing and sterilization, the handling of sterilized insects and shipment to distant areas may also negatively impact the quality of sterilized males. The aim of the current study was to design and executive quality control (QC) tests for sterilized Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) males delivered by air shipment from the mass production facility located in Italy to Greece and Montenegro field release sites. Mass reared mosquito strains were based on biological materials received from Italy, Greece and Montenegro. Tests conducted at the mass rearing facility before transportation revealed a rather high residual female contamination following mechanical sex separation (approximately 1.5% females, regardless of the mosquito strain). Irradiated males of all three mosquito strains induced high levels of sterility to females. Shipment lasting approximately 24 h resulted in approximately 15% mortality, while when shipment lasted nearly two days this increased to almost 40%. The flight ability of sterilized males following one day transportation time was satisfactory (over 60%). The response of sterile males to food and water starvation was comparable and slightly lower than that of wild non-transported males. Longevity of sterile males was shorter than that of wild counterparts and it seems it was not affected by mating to wild females. Both mating propensity and mating competitiveness for wild virgin females was higher for the wild, control males compared to the sterile, transported ones. Overall, the performance of sterile male Ae. albopictus delivered from the mass rearing facility of Italy to Greece in approximately 24 h was satisfactory. Transportation lasting two days or longer incurred detrimental effects on males, which called into question the outcome of the SIT release programs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the need of quality control procedures, especially when sterile male production facilities are not near to the releasing point. Transportation could be a serious drawback for the implementation of Sterile Insect Releases and, consequently, it is important to establish an efficient and fast transportation of sterilized males in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D. Mastronikolos
- Laboratory of Entomology Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece; (G.D.M.); (C.I.)
| | - Apostolos Kapranas
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.K.); (G.K.B.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.M.)
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George K. Balatsos
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.K.); (G.K.B.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Charalampos Ioannou
- Laboratory of Entomology Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece; (G.D.M.); (C.I.)
| | - Dimitrios P. Papachristos
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.K.); (G.K.B.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Panagiotis G. Milonas
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.K.); (G.K.B.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Arianna Puggioli
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, 40014 Crevalcore, Italy; (A.P.); (R.B.)
| | - Igor Pajović
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro;
| | - Dušan Petrić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, 40014 Crevalcore, Italy; (A.P.); (R.B.)
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.K.); (G.K.B.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece; (G.D.M.); (C.I.)
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Caputo B, Langella G, Petrella V, Virgillito C, Manica M, Filipponi F, Varone M, Primo P, Puggioli A, Bellini R, D’Antonio C, Iesu L, Tullo L, Rizzo C, Longobardi A, Sollazzo G, Perrotta MM, Fabozzi M, Palmieri F, Saccone G, Rosà R, della Torre A, Salvemini M. Aedes albopictus bionomics data collection by citizen participation on Procida Island, a promising Mediterranean site for the assessment of innovative and community-based integrated pest management methods. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009698. [PMID: 34529653 PMCID: PMC8445450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the colonization of Mediterranean Europe and of other temperate regions by Aedes albopictus created an unprecedented nuisance problem in highly infested areas and new public health threats due to the vector competence of the species. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) and the Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) are insecticide-free mosquito-control methods, relying on mass release of irradiated/manipulated males, able to complement existing and only partially effective control tools. The validation of these approaches in the field requires appropriate experimental settings, possibly isolated to avoid mosquito immigration from other infested areas, and preliminary ecological and entomological data. We carried out a 4-year study in the island of Procida (Gulf of Naples, Italy) in strict collaboration with local administrators and citizens to estimate the temporal dynamics, spatial distribution, and population size of Ae. albopictus and the dispersal and survival of irradiated males. We applied ovitrap monitoring, geo-spatial analyses, mark-release-recapture technique, and a citizen-science approach. Results allow to predict the seasonal (from April to October, with peaks of 928-9,757 males/ha) and spatial distribution of the species, highlighting the capacity of Ae. albopictus population of Procida to colonize and maintain high frequencies in urban as well as in sylvatic inhabited environments. Irradiated males shown limited ability to disperse (mean daily distance travelled <60m) and daily survival estimates ranging between 0.80 and 0.95. Overall, the ecological characteristics of the island, the acquired knowledge on Ae. albopictus spatial and temporal distribution, the high human and Ae. albopictus densities and the positive attitude of the resident population in being active parts in innovative mosquito control projects provide the ground for evidence-based planning of the interventions and for the assessment of their effectiveness. In addition, the results highlight the value of creating synergies between research groups, local administrators, and citizens for affordable monitoring (and, in the future, control) of mosquito populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beniamino Caputo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Langella
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Petrella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Virgillito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
| | - Federico Filipponi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Varone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Primo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “Giorgio Nicoli”, Crevalcore, Italy
| | | | - Luca Iesu
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Liliana Tullo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Rizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Germano Sollazzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Miriana Fabozzi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Palmieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saccone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Rosà
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Centre Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Alessandra della Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvemini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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12
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Effect of cage size on Aedes albopictus wing length, survival and egg production. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07381. [PMID: 34222702 PMCID: PMC8242996 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aedes albopictus is currently the most widespread invasive mosquito species in the world. It has paramount medical importance since females are efficient vectors of important viruses affecting humans. The development of alternative control strategies to complement control measures has become an imperative and involves the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). Research to improve the productivity of mass-rearing, as well as the quality of mass-reared males is of essential importance for the success of SIT. Methods This study compared the influence of three differently sized cages for Ae. albopictus mass-rearing on wing length, adult survival and egg production during 20 generations of colonization. Plexiglas cages of 40x40x40 cm (C1), 100 × 20 × 100 cm (C2) and 100 × 65 × 100 cm (C3) were loaded with equal adult density, and sex ratio of 1:1. An open source image processing and analysis programme (ImageJ) was used for the wing measurement and egg counting. Results In all tested cages, we identified two periods separated by the generation showing the minimum value of each considered parameter (wing length, adult survival and egg production). The wing length and adult survival passed through the phases of initial decrease to about intermediate colonization time, and increased afterwards. Fecundity was steady during the first period and increased in the second one. Cage C1 demonstrated not only the best values for all parameters but also the smallest decrease in the initial phase. Recovering of the caged mosquitoes in the second half of the study was higher in cages C1 and C2, than in C3. Conclusions C1 provided the least negative selection pressure on wing length, adult survival and egg production for reared Ae. albopictus. Anyhow, since maximising mosquito density by exploiting the minimum space is a priority in mosquito mass-rearing, C2 might be a better choice for better fitting the space of mass-rearing rooms.
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Ganassi S, Masi M, Grazioso P, Evidente A, De Cristofaro A. Activity of Some Plant and Fungal Metabolites towards Aedes albopictus (Diptera, Culicidae). Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:285. [PMID: 33919648 PMCID: PMC8073068 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13040285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is a widespread mosquito, a vector of important human arboviruses, including Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika. It is an extremely difficult species to control even for the onset of resistances to chemicals insecticides, therefore ecofriendly products are urgently needed. In this study, the activity of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and some of their semisynthetic derivatives, of 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and two analogues, of cyclopaldic acid and epi-epoformin on the survival and development of Ae. albopictus larvae was evaluated. First-instar larval exposure for 24 and 48 h to cyclopaldic acid, resulted in mortality mean per-centage of 82.4 and 96.9 respectively; 1,2-O,O-diacetyllycorine 48h post-treatment caused 84.7% mortality. Larval and pupal duration were proved to decrease significantly when larvae were exposed to cyclopaldic acid, 1,2-O,O-diacetyllycorine and N-methyllycorine iodide. The mean number of third-instar larvae surviving to 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone was significantly lower than the number of correspondent control larvae over the time. This study indicated that 1,2-O,O'-diacetyllycorine, N-methyllycorine iodide, cyclopaldic acid and 1,4-naphthoquinone structural derivatives have good potential for developing bioinsecticides for mosquito control programs. The obtained results are of general interest due to the global importance of the seri-ous human diseases such a vector is able to spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ganassi
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Pasqualina Grazioso
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Antonio De Cristofaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.D.C.)
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14
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Bellini R, Carrieri M, Balestrino F, Puggioli A, Malfacini M, Bouyer J. Field Competitiveness of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Irradiated Males in Pilot Sterile Insect Technique Trials in Northern Italy. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:807-813. [PMID: 33179753 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases account for 17% of infectious diseases, leading to more than one million deaths each year. Mosquitoes are responsible for 90% of the casualties and alternative control methods to insecticides are urgently needed, especially against Aedes vectors. Aedes albopictus is a particularly important species, causing major public health problems because it is a vector of several arboviruses and has a strong invasive behavior. Various genetic control methods have been proposed to be integrated into the management strategies of Aedes species, among which the sterile insect technique (SIT), which proved efficient against various insect pests and vectors. However, the ability of released irradiated sterile male mosquitoes to compete with their wild counterparts and induce sterility in wild females, which is critical to the success of this strategy, remained poorly defined. Here, we assessed the field competitiveness of Ae. albopictus irradiated male using data from eight release trials implemented in Northern Italy for 3 yr. Sterile males were capable of inducing a good level of sterility in the wild female population, however, with high variability in time and space. The field competitiveness of the released males was strongly negatively correlated with the ratio of sterile to wild males. This should be taken into consideration when designing future programs to suppress field populations of Aedes mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo Bellini
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Marco Carrieri
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Balestrino
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Arianna Puggioli
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Marco Malfacini
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, NAFA Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
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Romiti F, Ermenegildi A, Magliano A, Rombolà P, Varrenti D, Giammattei R, Gasbarra S, Ursino S, Casagni L, Scriboni A, Puro V, Ruta A, Brignola L, Fantasia O, Corpolongo D, Di Luzio G, De Liberato C. Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Monitoring in the Lazio Region (Central Italy). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:847-856. [PMID: 33107575 PMCID: PMC7954105 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse 1894) is assuming an ever-increasing importance as invasive species in Europe and consequently as human health and nuisance concern. In Central Italy, the species has been recently involved in a chikungunya outbreak. A 3 yr Ae. albopictus monitoring was carried out in 21 municipalities of the Lazio region (Central Italy), belonging to three provinces. Samplings were performed on a weekly basis using ovitraps, in order to investigate climatic and spatial variables driving egg abundance and Ae. albopictus period of activity. A temperature of 10.4°C was indicated as lower threshold for the onset of egg-laying activity, together with a photoperiod of 13:11 (L:D) h. The whole oviposition activity lasted 8 mo (May-December), with 95% of eggs laid between early June and mid-November and a peak at the end of August. Egg abundance was positively influenced by accumulated temperature (AT) of the 4 wk preceding sampling and negatively by precipitation during the week before. Egg-laying activity dropped with decreasing AT, increasing rainfall, and with a photoperiod below 10:14 (L:D) h. Our results pinpointed the importance of fine-scaled spatial features on egg abundance. Some of these fine-scaled characteristics have been highlighted, such as the presence of vegetation and human footprint index. Our model estimated an almost doubled maximum number of laid eggs for the maximum value of human footprint. Compelling evidence of the relevance of fine-scaled characteristics was reported, describing cases where human-made breeding sites driven the abundance of Ae. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Romiti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Ermenegildi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Magliano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Rombolà
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Gasbarra
- Local Health Authority Roma 5, Via degli Esplosivi, Colleferro, Italy
| | - Simona Ursino
- Local Health Authority Roma 4, Via Terme di Traiano, Civitavecchia, Italy
| | - Luca Casagni
- Local Health Authority Roma 4, Via Terme di Traiano, Civitavecchia, Italy
| | - Andrea Scriboni
- Local Health Authority Roma 2, Via Battista Bardanzellu, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Puro
- Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani, Via Portuense, Rome, Italy
| | - Amilcare Ruta
- Local Health Authority Latina, Viale Le Corbusier, Latina, Italy
| | - Laura Brignola
- Local Health Authority Latina, Viale Le Corbusier, Latina, Italy
| | - Oriano Fantasia
- Local Health Authority Latina, Viale Le Corbusier, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Di Luzio
- Local Health Authority Frosinone, Via Giuseppe Mazzini, Frosinone, Italy
| | - Claudio De Liberato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova, Rome, Italy
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16
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Oliva CF, Benedict MQ, Collins CM, Baldet T, Bellini R, Bossin H, Bouyer J, Corbel V, Facchinelli L, Fouque F, Geier M, Michaelakis A, Roiz D, Simard F, Tur C, Gouagna LC. Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) against Aedes Species Mosquitoes: A Roadmap and Good Practice Framework for Designing, Implementing and Evaluating Pilot Field Trials. INSECTS 2021; 12:191. [PMID: 33668374 PMCID: PMC7996155 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are invasive mosquito species that impose a substantial risk to human health. To control the abundance and spread of these arboviral pathogen vectors, the sterile insect technique (SIT) is emerging as a powerful complement to most commonly-used approaches, in part, because this technique is ecologically benign, specific, and non-persistent in the environment if releases are stopped. Because SIT and other similar vector control strategies are becoming of increasing interest to many countries, we offer here a pragmatic and accessible 'roadmap' for the pre-pilot and pilot phases to guide any interested party. This will support stakeholders, non-specialist scientists, implementers, and decision-makers. Applying these concepts will ensure, given adequate resources, a sound basis for local field trialing and for developing experience with the technique in readiness for potential operational deployment. This synthesis is based on the available literature, in addition to the experience and current knowledge of the expert contributing authors in this field. We describe a typical path to successful pilot testing, with the four concurrent development streams of Laboratory, Field, Stakeholder Relations, and the Business and Compliance Case. We provide a graphic framework with criteria that must be met in order to proceed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clélia F. Oliva
- Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes (CTIFL), Centre Opérationnel de Balandran, 751 Chemin de Balandran, 30127 Bellegarde, France;
- Collectif TIS (Technique de l’Insecte Stérile), 751 Chemin de Balandran, 30127 Bellegarde, France
| | | | - C Matilda Collins
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London SW7 1NE, UK;
| | - Thierry Baldet
- ASTRE (Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques, Ecosystèmes), Cirad, Univ Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France; (T.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “Giorgio Nicoli”, S.r.l. Via Sant’Agata, 835, 40014 Crevalcore, Italy;
| | - Hervé Bossin
- Institut Louis Malardé, Papeete, 98713 Tahiti, French Polynesia;
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- ASTRE (Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques, Ecosystèmes), Cirad, Univ Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France; (T.B.); (J.B.)
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Vienna, Wagramer Strasse 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vincent Corbel
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; (V.C.); (D.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Luca Facchinelli
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Florence Fouque
- TDR (Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases), WHO, 20 Avenue Appia, 1121 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Martin Geier
- Biogents AG, Weissenburgstr. 22, 93055 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute. 8, S. Delta str., Kifissia, 14561 Athens, Greece;
| | - David Roiz
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; (V.C.); (D.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Frédéric Simard
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; (V.C.); (D.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Carlos Tur
- Grupo Tragsa–KM. 4,5 Bajo, A28476208-EMPRE, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Louis-Clément Gouagna
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; (V.C.); (D.R.); (F.S.)
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17
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Unlu I, Rochlin I, Suman DS, Wang Y, Chandel K, Gaugler R. Large-Scale Operational Pyriproxyfen Autodissemination Deployment to Suppress the Immature Asian Tiger Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1120-1130. [PMID: 32006427 PMCID: PMC7448106 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Effective suppression of container-inhabiting Asian Tiger [Aedes albopictus (Skuse)] (Diptera: Culicidae) and yellow fever [Aedes aegypti (L.)] (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes presents one of the most intractable problems for modern mosquito control. Traditional tools often fail to control populations of these mosquito species, and are prohibitively expensive or have negative environmental impacts. Novel approaches and tools are urgently needed for integrated container-inhabiting mosquito management programs. One of the most promising techniques is autodissemination. We present the results of a long-term large-scale study conducted in a temperate urbanized environment representing typical Ae. albopictus habitats. Three treatment sites with autodissemination stations and three nearby reference sites were monitored for eggs, immature, and adult mosquitoes over a period of 3 yr from 2014 to 2016. Elevated larval and pupal mortality of 12-19% on average was the most notable outcome in sentinel cups of the treatment sites. The number of eggs in the treatment sites was significantly reduced in 2014, but not in 2015 or 2016. Adult populations remained similar in treatment and reference sites throughout the study. The impact of autodissemination on mosquito populations was lower than reported by previous investigations. Technical and logistical problems associated with wider coverage and working in multiple urban neighborhoods contributed to reduced efficacy. Incorporating autodissemination with routine mosquito control operations and commercializing this methodology for general public use will require further research on combining this tool with other novel or conventional technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isik Unlu
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Ilia Rochlin
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Devi S Suman
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Kshitij Chandel
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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18
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Dor A, Maggiani-Aguilera AM, Valle-Mora J, Bond JG, Marina CF, Liedo P. Assessment of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Males Flight Ability for SIT Application: Effect of Device Design, Duration of Test, and Male Age. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:824-829. [PMID: 31808821 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a pest control method where large numbers of sterile males are released to induce sterility in wild populations. Since a successful SIT application depends on the released sterile males being competitive with wild males, standard quality control tests are a necessary component of any SIT program. Flight ability (ability to fly out from a device) is a reliable indicator of insect quality. Based on previous studies, we developed four new tubular devices constructed with locally available materials to explore their potential as flight test devices for Aedes aegypti (L.) mass-reared males. Males were allowed to fly upwards through a vertical tube, the ones that flew out were considered successful. The effect of male age (0 to 21 d old), test time interval (30 min to 24 h), and the design of the device (40 and 80 cm height and 2 and 3.5 cm diameter) were evaluated. Our devices determined differences in the flight ability of Ae. aegypti males of different ages. During the first minutes, more old males escaped than young males in three out of four types of devices. However, young males reached higher rates of escape in all cases after 24 h. For standard quality control tests, we recommend testing 2- to 3-d-old sexually mature males in the high and narrow device (80 × 2 cm). Further observations for time intervals between 1 and 5 h might be performed to decide the shortest and more representative interval to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Dor
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Cátedra) commissioned to El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, C. P., Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ana María Maggiani-Aguilera
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario De Ciencias Biológicas Y Agropecuarias, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco
| | - Javier Valle-Mora
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, C.P., Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - J Guillermo Bond
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-(INSP), 19ª Calle Poniente, esquina 4ª Avenida Norte, Centro, C.P. 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Carlos F Marina
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-(INSP), 19ª Calle Poniente, esquina 4ª Avenida Norte, Centro, C.P. 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Pablo Liedo
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, C.P., Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
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19
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Dispersal of female and male Aedes aegypti from discarded container habitats using a stable isotope mark-capture study design in South Texas. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6803. [PMID: 32321946 PMCID: PMC7176680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the main vector of arboviral diseases such as dengue, chikungunya and Zika. A key feature for disease transmission modeling and vector control planning is adult mosquito dispersal. We studied Ae aegypti adult dispersal by conducting a mark-capture study of naturally occurring Ae. aegypti from discarded containers found along a canal that divided two residential communities in Donna, Texas, USA. Stable isotopes were used to enrich containers with either 13C or 15N. Adult mosquitoes were collected outdoors in the yards of households throughout the communities with BG Sentinel 2 traps during a 12-week period. Marked mosquito pools with stable isotopes were used to estimate the mean distance travelled using three different approaches (Net, Strip or Circular) and the probability of detecting an isotopically marked adult at different distances from the larval habitat of origin. We consistently observed, using the three approaches that male (Net: 220 m, Strip: 255 m, Circular: 250 m) Ae. aegypti dispersed further in comparison to gravid (Net: 135 m, Strip: 176 m, Circular: 189 m) and unfed females (Net: 192 m, Strip: 213 m, Circular: 198 m). We also observed that marked male capture probability slightly increased with distance, while, for both unfed and gravid females, such probability decreased with distance. Using a unique study design documenting adult dispersal from natural larval habitat, our results suggest that Ae. aegypti adults disperse longer distances than previously reported. These results may help guide local vector control authorities in their fight against Ae. aegypti and the diseases it transmits, suggesting coverage of 200 m for the use of insecticides and innovative vector control tools.
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20
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Maïga H, Gilles JRL, Susan Lees R, Yamada H, Bouyer J. Demonstration of resistance to satyrization behavior in Aedes aegypti from La Réunion island. Parasite 2020; 27:22. [PMID: 32254018 PMCID: PMC7137539 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are competent vectors of arboviruses such as dengue and chikungunya viruses which co-exist in some areas, including La Réunion island, Indian Ocean. A type of reproductive interference called satyrization has been described in sympatric species where dominant species mating fails to produce hybrids and thus reduces the fitness and tends to control the spread of the other species. Here, we investigated satyrization in laboratory experiments to provide insights on the potential impact on Ae. aegypti of a control campaign including a sterile insect technique component against Ae. albopictus. Different mating crosses were used to test sympatric, conspecific-interspecific and allopatric effects of irradiated and non-irradiated male Ae. albopictus on female Ae. aegypti, including in a situation of skewed male ratio. Our results suggest that there was only a low level of satyrization between sympatric populations of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus colonized from La Réunion island. A male Ae. albopictus to female Ae. aegypti ratio of 3:1 did not increase the level of satyrization. Female Ae. aegypti previously mated to male Ae. albopictus were not prevented from being inseminated by conspecific males. A satyrization effect was not seen between allopatric Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti strains from La Réunion Island either. The tested Ae. aegypti strain from La Réunion island has therefore developed full resistance to satyrization and so releasing sterile male Ae. albopictus may not suppress Ae. aegypti populations if an overflooding of irradiated male Ae. albopictus leads to similar results. The management strategy of two competent species in a sympatric area is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidou Maïga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency PO Box 100 1400 Vienna Austria
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest 01 BP 545 Bobo 01 Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso
| | - Jérémie R. L. Gilles
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency PO Box 100 1400 Vienna Austria
| | - Rosemary Susan Lees
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke Place Liverpool L3 5QA United Kingdom
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency PO Box 100 1400 Vienna Austria
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency PO Box 100 1400 Vienna Austria
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21
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Vavassori L, Saddler A, Müller P. Active dispersal of Aedes albopictus: a mark-release-recapture study using self-marking units. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:583. [PMID: 31831040 PMCID: PMC6909613 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the dispersal dynamics of invasive mosquito species is fundamental to improve vector surveillance and to target control efforts. Aedes albopictus has been deemed a poor flyer as its range of active dispersal is generally assumed to be limited to a few hundred metres, while laboratory studies suggest this mosquito could actually fly several kilometres. The discrepancy may be due to differences in the local environment or to the methodological approach. In Switzerland, Ae. albopictus has been present since 2003 and has since then expanded its range. While passive dispersal is a key driver, it remains unclear how far this mosquito spreads through active flight and what the age structure and size of the local population are, all important parameters for vector surveillance and control. METHOD We investigated the active dispersal, daily survival rate and population size of Ae. albopictus in mark-release-recapture studies in Coldrerio and Lugano, two areas of intensive control in Switzerland. To mark mosquitoes emerging from breeding sites, we used self-marking units with fluorescent pigment that have minimal impact on mosquito survival and behaviour. We recaptured the adult mosquitoes with BG-Sentinel traps within a radius of 1 km from the marking units over 22 consecutive days. RESULTS We found that 77.5% of the recaptured Ae. albopictus individuals flew further than 250 m, the limit that is usually deemed sufficient for vector containment. The average age of females and males was 8.6 days and 7.8 days in Coldrerio and Lugano, respectively, while the estimated mosquito population densities were 134 mosquitoes/ha in Coldrerio and 767 mosquitoes/ha in Lugano. CONCLUSIONS Self-marking units are an effective tool to mark wild mosquitoes. Using this approach, we found that mosquitoes survive long enough to potentially transmit arboviral disease in our study area and that host-seeking Ae. albopictus females may travel further than previously assumed for European mosquito populations. This finding has direct implications for vector control as emergency treatments around positive cases, as well as surveillance and control around detections of new infestations, might need to be extended beyond the usual recommended range of just a few hundred metres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vavassori
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, P.O. Box, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Adam Saddler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, P.O. Box, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.,Ifakara Health Institute, Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
| | - Pie Müller
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, P.O. Box, 4001, Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Le Goff G, Damiens D, Ruttee AH, Payet L, Lebon C, Dehecq JS, Gouagna LC. Field evaluation of seasonal trends in relative population sizes and dispersal pattern of Aedes albopictus males in support of the design of a sterile male release strategy. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:81. [PMID: 30755268 PMCID: PMC6371565 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To develop an efficient sterile insect technique (SIT) programme, the number of sterile males to release, along with the spatial and temporal pattern of their release, has to be determined. Such parameters could be estimated from a reliable estimation of the wild population density (and its temporal variation) in the area to treat. Here, a series of mark-release-recapture experiments using laboratory-reared and field-derived Aedes albopictus males were carried out in Duparc, a selected pilot site for the future application of SIT in the north of La Reunion Island. Methods The dispersal, longevity of marked males and seasonal fluctuations in the population size of native mosquitoes were determined from the ratio of marked to unmarked males caught in mice-baited BG-Sentinel traps. The study was conducted during periods of declining population abundance (April), lowest abundance (September) and highest abundance (December). Results According to data collected in the first 4 days post-release, the Lincoln index estimated population size as quite variable, ranging from 5817 in April, to 639 in September and 5915 in December. Calculations of daily survival probability to 4 days after release for field and laboratory males were 0.91 and 0.98 in April, respectively, and 0.88 and 0.84 in September, respectively. The mean distance travelled (MDT) of released field males were 46 m, 67 m and 37 m for December, April and September experiments, respectively. For released laboratory males, the MDT was 65 m and 42 m in April and September, respectively. Conclusions Theoretically, the most efficient release programme should be started in July/August when the mosquito population size is the lowest (c.600 wild males/ha relative to 5000 wild males estimated for December and April), with a weekly release of 6000 males/ha. The limited dispersal of Ae. albopictus males highlights the nessecity for the widespread release of sterile males over multiple sites and in a field setting to avoid topographical barriers and anthropogenic features that may block the migration of the released sterile male mosquitoes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3329-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Le Goff
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM): Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France.,IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France
| | - David Damiens
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM): Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France. .,IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France.
| | - Abdoul-Hamid Ruttee
- Service de lutte anti vectorielle, Agence Régionale de Santé-Océan Indien (ARS-OI), Saint-Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Laurent Payet
- Service de lutte anti vectorielle, Agence Régionale de Santé-Océan Indien (ARS-OI), Saint-Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Cyrille Lebon
- IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Dehecq
- Service de lutte anti vectorielle, Agence Régionale de Santé-Océan Indien (ARS-OI), Saint-Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Louis-Clément Gouagna
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM): Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France.,IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France
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Culbert NJ, Balestrino F, Dor A, Herranz GS, Yamada H, Wallner T, Bouyer J. A rapid quality control test to foster the development of genetic control in mosquitoes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16179. [PMID: 30385841 PMCID: PMC6212531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases are responsible for more than one million deaths per year. Alternative methods of mosquito control to insecticides such as genetic control techniques are thus urgently needed. In genetic techniques involving the release of sterile insects, it is critical to release insects of high quality. Sterile males must be able to disperse, survive and compete with wild males in order to inseminate wild females. There is currently no standardized, fast-processing method to assess mosquito male quality. Since male competitiveness is linked to their ability to fly, we developed a flight test device that aimed to measure the quality of sterile male mosquitoes via their capacity to escape a series of flight tubes within two hours and compared it to two other reference methods (survival rate and mating propensity). This comparison was achieved in three different stress treatment settings usually encountered when applying the sterile insect technique, i.e. irradiation, chilling and compaction. In all treatments, survival and insemination rates could be predicted by the results of a flight test, with over 80% of the inertia predicted. This novel tool could become a standardised quality control method to evaluate cumulative stress throughout the processes related to genetic control of mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Culbert
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Atomic Energy Agency Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Centre for Genomic Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - Fabrizio Balestrino
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente CAA "G. Nicoli", Via Argini Nord 3351, 40014, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Ariane Dor
- CONACYT-ECOSUR, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto km. 2.5, C.P. 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Gustavo S Herranz
- Technical School of Design, Architecture and Engineering, University CEU Cardenal Herrera, 46115, Calle San bartolomé 55 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Atomic Energy Agency Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Wallner
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Atomic Energy Agency Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Atomic Energy Agency Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE CIRAD-INRA ≪AnimalS, health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystems≫, Campus international de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier, France.
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Gunathilaka PADHN, Uduwawala UMHU, Udayanga NWBAL, Ranathunge RMTB, Amarasinghe LD, Abeyewickreme W. Determination of the efficiency of diets for larval development in mass rearing Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018; 108:583-592. [PMID: 29166980 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317001092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Larval diet quality and rearing conditions have a direct and irreversible effect on adult traits. Therefore, the current study was carried out to optimize the larval diet for mass rearing of Aedes aegypti, for Sterile Insect Technique (SIT)-based applications in Sri Lanka. Five batches of 750 first instar larvae (L1) of Ae. aegypti were exposed to five different concentrations (2-10%) of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) recommended the larval diet. Morphological development parameters of larva, pupa, and adult were detected at 24 h intervals along with selected growth parameters. Each experiment was replicated five times. General Linear Modeling along with Pearson's correlation analysis were used for statistical treatments. Significant differences (P < 0.05) among the larvae treated with different concentrations were found using General Linear Modeling in all the stages namely: total body length and the thoracic length of larvae; cephalothoracic length and width of pupae; thoracic length, thoracic width, abdominal length and the wing length of adults; along with pupation rate and success, sex ratio, adult success, fecundity and hatching rate of Ae. aegypti. The best quality adults can be produced at larval diet concentration of 10%. However, the 8% larval diet concentration was most suitable for adult male survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - U M H U Uduwawala
- Department of Zoology and Environment Management,Faculty of Science,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka
| | - N W B A L Udayanga
- Molecular Medicine Unit,Faculty of Medicine,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka
| | - R M T B Ranathunge
- Molecular Medicine Unit,Faculty of Medicine,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka
| | - L D Amarasinghe
- Department of Zoology and Environment Management,Faculty of Science,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka
| | - W Abeyewickreme
- Department of Parasitology,Faculty of Medicine,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka
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25
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Abstract
Aedes mosquito-transmitted diseases, such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya, are becoming major global health emergencies while old threats, such as yellow fever, are re-emerging. Traditional control methods, which have focused on reducing mosquito populations through the application of insecticides or preventing breeding through removal of larval habitat, are largely ineffective, as evidenced by the increasing global disease burden. Here, we review novel mosquito population reduction and population modification approaches with a focus on control methods based on the release of mosquitoes, including the release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes and strategies to genetically modify the vector, that are currently under development and have the potential to contribute to a reversal of the current alarming disease trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Flores
- Institute of Vector-Borne Disease, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott L O'Neill
- Institute of Vector-Borne Disease, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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26
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Use of rhodamine B to mark the body and seminal fluid of male Aedes aegypti for mark-release-recapture experiments and estimating efficacy of sterile male releases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005902. [PMID: 28957318 PMCID: PMC5634656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent interest in male-based sterile insect technique (SIT) and incompatible insect technique (IIT) to control Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus populations has revealed the need for an economical, rapid diagnostic tool for determining dispersion and mating success of sterilized males in the wild. Previous reports from other insects indicated rhodamine B, a thiol-reactive fluorescent dye, administered via sugar-feeding can be used to stain the body tissue and seminal fluid of insects. Here, we report on the adaptation of this technique for male Ae. aegypti to allow for rapid assessment of competitiveness (mating success) during field releases. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Marking was achieved by feeding males on 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 or 0.8% rhodamine B (w/v) in 50% honey solutions during free flight. All concentrations produced >95% transfer to females and successful body marking after 4 days of feeding, with 0.4 and 0.8% solutions producing the longest-lasting body marking. Importantly, rhodamine B marking had no effect on male mating competitiveness and proof-of-principle field releases demonstrated successful transfer of marked seminal fluid to females under field conditions and recapture of marked males. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These results reveal rhodamine B to be a potentially useful evaluation method for male-based SIT/IIT control strategies as well as a viable body marking technique for male-based mark-release-recapture experiments without the negative side-effects of traditional marking methods. As a standalone method for use in mating competitiveness assays, rhodamine B marking is less expensive than PCR (e.g. paternity analysis) and stable isotope semen labelling methods and less time-consuming than female fertility assays used to assess competitiveness of sterilised males.
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Balestrino F, Puggioli A, Carrieri M, Bouyer J, Bellini R. Quality control methods for Aedes albopictus sterile male production. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005881. [PMID: 28892483 PMCID: PMC5608434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of the released sterile males to survive, disperse, compete with wild males and inseminate wild females is an essential prerequisite to be evaluated in any area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) programs including a sterile insect release method. Adequate quality control tests supported by standardized procedures need to be developed to measure these parameters and to identify and correct potential inappropriate rearing or handling methods affecting the overall male quality. In this study, we report results on the creation and validation of the first quality control devices designed to infer the survival and mating capacity of radio-sterilized Aedes albopictus males through the observation of their flight capacity under restricted conditions (flight organ device) and after stress treatment (aspirator device). Results obtained consistently indicate comparable flight capacity and quality parameters between untreated and 35 Gy irradiated males while a negative impact was observed with higher radiation doses at all observation time performed. The male flight capacity registered with the proposed quality control devices can be successfully employed, with different predictive capacities and response time, to infer the adult male quality. These simple and cost-effective tools provide a valuable method to detect and amend potentially sub-standard procedures in the sterile male production line and hence contribute to maintaining optimal quality and field performance of the mosquitoes being released.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Balestrino
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, NAFA Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente CAA "G. Nicoli”, Crevalcore, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Arianna Puggioli
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente CAA "G. Nicoli”, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Marco Carrieri
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente CAA "G. Nicoli”, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, NAFA Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente CAA "G. Nicoli”, Crevalcore, Italy
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28
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Carrieri M, Albieri A, Urbanelli S, Angelini P, Venturelli C, Matrangolo C, Bellini R. Quality control and data validation procedure in large-scale quantitative monitoring of mosquito density: the case of Aedes albopictus in Emilia-Romagna region, Italy. Pathog Glob Health 2017; 111:83-90. [PMID: 28274195 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2017.1292992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of local transmission of chikungunya, dengue, and Zika viruses from viremic travelers arriving from affected areas is a real possibility in southern Europe, due to the large presence of the vector Aedes albopictus. The first chikungunya outbreak in Europe occurred in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy, in 2007, prompting the regional public health department to implement an Ae. albopictus monitoring and control plan. This paper presents the procedure developed for the quality control of the data collected by the regional ovitrap monitoring network. The quality control procedure consists of four successive steps; the first step is data acquisition and the second is an automatic data processing step, while skilled technicians according to specific procedures perform the third and fourth steps by checking the exact position of the ovitraps and by conducting human landing collections, respectively. The paper also presents the results of this quality control procedure applied to the data collected through the large-scale Ae. albopictus monitoring operation performed in Emilia-Romagna in 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Carrieri
- a Department Medical and Veterinary Entomology , Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G.Nicoli", Sustenia , Crevalcore , Italy
| | - Alessandro Albieri
- a Department Medical and Veterinary Entomology , Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G.Nicoli", Sustenia , Crevalcore , Italy
| | - Sandra Urbanelli
- b Department of Environmental Biology , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , Rome Italy
| | - Paola Angelini
- c Public Health Service, Emilia-Romagna Region , Bologna , Italy
| | - Claudio Venturelli
- d Public Health Department , Romagna Local Public Health Unit , Cesena , Italy
| | - Carmela Matrangolo
- d Public Health Department , Romagna Local Public Health Unit , Cesena , Italy
| | - Romeo Bellini
- a Department Medical and Veterinary Entomology , Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G.Nicoli", Sustenia , Crevalcore , Italy
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29
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Dispersal of male and female Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes using stable isotope enrichment. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005347. [PMID: 28135281 PMCID: PMC5300284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dispersal patterns of mosquito vectors are important drivers of vector-borne infectious disease dynamics and understanding movement patterns is pivotal to devise successful intervention strategies. Here, we investigate the dispersal patterns of two globally important mosquito vectors, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus, by marking naturally-occurring larvae with stable isotopes (13C or 15N). Marked individuals were captured with 32 CDC light trap, 32 gravid trap, and 16 BG Sentinel at different locations within two-kilometer radii of six larval habitats enriched with either 13C or 15N. In total, 720 trap nights from July to August 2013 yielded a total of 32,140 Cx. quinquefasciatus and 7,722 Ae. albopictus. Overall, 69 marked female mosquitoes and 24 marked male mosquitoes were captured throughout the study period. The distance that Cx. quinquefasciatus females traveled differed for host-seeking and oviposition-seeking traps, with females seeking oviposition sites traveling further than those seeking hosts. Our analysis suggests that 41% of Cx. quinquefasciatus females that were host-seeking occurred 1–2 kilometer from their respective natal site, while 59% remained within a kilometer of their natal site. In contrast, 59% of Cx. quinquefasciatus females that were seeking oviposition sites occurred between 1–2 kilometer away from their larval habitat, while 15% occurred > 2 kilometer away from their natal site. Our analysis estimated that approximately 100% of Ae. albopictus females remained within 1 km of their respective natal site, with 79% occurring within 250m. In addition, we found that male Ae. albopictus dispersed farther than females, suggesting male-biased dispersal in this Ae. albopictus population. This study provides important insights on the dispersal patterns of two globally relevant vector species, and will be important in planning next generation vector control strategies that mitigate mosquito-borne disease through sterile insect techniques, novel Wolbachia infection, and gene drive strategies. Resolving patterns of mosquito dispersal across landscapes is a critical step toward the development of effective control strategies that mitigate vector-borne disease transmission and its public health burden. Here, we used a recently developed technique involving the enrichment of aquatic larval habitat with stable isotopes to mark male and female mosquitoes of two important vector species, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus. We show that the patterns of dispersal were fundamentally different between these urban vectors. Culex quinquefasciatus dispersed much further than Aedes albopictus. In addition, male Aedes albopictus dispersed further than female mosquitoes. Our study suggests that infectious disease agents transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus will be more difficult to control locally than those transmitted by Aedes albopictus. Our results on sex-biased dispersal in Aedes albopictus have implications for next-generation vector control strategies that rely on the release of sterile or sterilizing males to control mosquito populations. Finally, our study continues to show the utility of the stable-isotope marking technique to study mosquito movement.
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30
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Mains JW, Brelsfoard CL, Rose RI, Dobson SL. Female Adult Aedes albopictus Suppression by Wolbachia-Infected Male Mosquitoes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33846. [PMID: 27659038 PMCID: PMC5034338 DOI: 10.1038/srep33846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses are pathogens with an increasing global impact. In the absence of an approved vaccine or therapy, their management relies on controlling the mosquito vectors. But traditional controls are inadequate, and the range of invasive species such as Aedes albopictus (Asian Tiger Mosquito) is expanding. Genetically modified mosquitoes are being tested, but their use has encountered regulatory barriers and public opposition in some countries. Wolbachia bacteria can cause a form of conditional sterility, which can provide an alternative to genetic modification or irradiation. It is unknown however, whether openly released, artificially infected male Ae. albopictus can competitively mate and sterilize females at a level adequate to suppress a field population. Also, the unintended establishment of Wolbachia at the introduction site could result from horizontal transmission or inadvertent female release. In 2014, an Experimental Use Permit from the United States Environmental Protection Agency approved a pilot field trial in Lexington, Kentucky, USA. Here, we present data showing localized reduction of both egg hatch and adult female numbers. The artificial Wolbachia type was not observed to establish in the field. The results are discussed in relation to the applied use of Wolbachia-infected males as a biopesticide to suppress field populations of Ae. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Mains
- MosquitoMate, Inc., 2520 Regency Rd., Lexington, KY 40503, USA
| | | | - Robert I Rose
- Biotechnology Regulatory Consultant, 8322 Sharon Dr., Frederick, MD 21704, USA
| | - Stephen L Dobson
- MosquitoMate, Inc., 2520 Regency Rd., Lexington, KY 40503, USA.,Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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31
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Le Goff G, Damiens D, Payet L, Ruttee AH, Jean F, Lebon C, Dehecq JS, Gouagna LC. Enhancement of the BG-sentinel trap with varying number of mice for field sampling of male and female Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:514. [PMID: 27658455 PMCID: PMC5034657 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trapping male mosquitoes in the field is essential for the development of area-wide vector control programs with a sterile insect technique (SIT) component. To determine the optimal temporal and spatial release strategy, an estimation of the wild population density and its temporal dynamics is essential. Among the traps available for such data collection, the BG-Sentinel trap developed by the Biogents company uses a combination of visual cues, convection currents and olfactory signals. Although in numerous cases, this trap has shown high efficiency in sampling Aedes albopictus, in some cases low capture rates of Ae. albopictus males were recorded for the BG-sentinel mosquito trap baited with synthetic attractants. Methods The effects of modifying the BG-sentinel trap (by adding one mouse, two or three live mice to the trap) on the efficiency of trapping Ae. albopictus males and females was tested. The experiment was carried out in three distinct areas on La Réunion that have been selected for pilot field testing of the release of sterile male Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. The effect of four types of attractant (including the generic BG-Lure, one mouse or two to three mice) in baited BGS traps was tested with a Latin square design in order to control for the variability of different sampling positions and dates. Results At the three studied sites, the number of Ae. albopictus adults caught and the proportion of males per trap consistently increased with the number of mice present in the trap. Conclusion The results from this study suggest that some new attractants derived from, or similar to, mouse odors could be developed and tested in combination with other existing attractive components, such as CO2 and heat, in order to provide a reliable estimation method for Ae. albopictus adult male abundance in the wild. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1801-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Le Goff
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France.,IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France
| | - David Damiens
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France. .,IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France.
| | - Laurent Payet
- Service de lutte anti vectorielle, Agence Régionale de Santé-Océan Indien (ARS-OI), Saint-Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Abdoul-Hamid Ruttee
- Service de lutte anti vectorielle, Agence Régionale de Santé-Océan Indien (ARS-OI), Saint-Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Frédéric Jean
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France.,IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France
| | - Cyrille Lebon
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France.,IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Dehecq
- Service de lutte anti vectorielle, Agence Régionale de Santé-Océan Indien (ARS-OI), Saint-Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Louis-Clément Gouagna
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France.,IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France
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Establishment of a satellite rearing facility to support the release of sterile Aedes albopictus males. I. Optimization of mass rearing parameters. Acta Trop 2016; 159:62-8. [PMID: 27021270 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The vector species Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) was recorded in Turkey for the first time, near the Greek border, in 2011 and a high risk of expansion towards Aegean and Mediterranean coasts of Turkey was estimated. A preliminary study was planned to evaluate the possibility of creating a satellite mass rearing facility for this species and manage a larval rearing procedure by using the new mass-rearing technology proposed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). For this purpose, the effects of different larval densities (1, 2, 3 and 4 larvae per ml) on the preimaginal development were evaluated by observing pupal, adult and male productivity using life cycle trials. Geometric morphometric analyses were also performed to define all phenotypic differences that occurred on the wing size and shape morphology of adult stage at the four different rearing conditions tested. A high pupation productivity was obtained with a larval density of 2 larvae/ml while adult emergence ratio was not affected by the densities tested. No significant difference was observed in shape of the wings among different densities in males and females. Nevertheless, a significant difference in female's centroid sizes was observed between the treatment groups 1-2 and 3-4 larvae/ml and in males centroid size reared at 1 larvae/ml versus the other densities.
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Influence of Age and Nutritional Status on Flight Performance of the Asian Tiger Mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). INSECTS 2015; 4. [PMID: 24404384 PMCID: PMC3882092 DOI: 10.3390/insects4030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is a competent vector for arboviruses and recently was implicated as the vector of the first autochthonous cases of dengue and chikungunya in southern Europe. The objective of this study was to analyze the flight performance of female Ae. albopictus of different ages that were starved, sugar-fed, or sugar-fed and blood-fed, using flight mills. After three days of starvation post emergence, females flew an average distance of 0.7 ± 0.5 km in 1.9 ± 1.5 h during a 16 h trial period, whereas sugar- or sugar- and blood-fed females of this age covered a significantly higher distance of around 3 km with a mean total flight time of around 6 h. The age of females (up to four weeks) had no effect on performance. The average of maximal continuous flight segments of sugar-fed (2.14 ± 0.69 h) and blood-fed (3.17 ± 0.82 h) females was distinctly higher than of starved females (0.38 ± 0.15 h) of which most flyers (83%) performed maximal flight segments that lasted no longer than 0.5 h. Overall, the results for the laboratory monitored flight performance of Ae. albopictus confirm their ability to disperse a few kilometres between breeding site and host.
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Goubert C, Modolo L, Vieira C, ValienteMoro C, Mavingui P, Boulesteix M. De novo assembly and annotation of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) repeatome with dnaPipeTE from raw genomic reads and comparative analysis with the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti). Genome Biol Evol 2015; 7:1192-205. [PMID: 25767248 PMCID: PMC4419797 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evv050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive DNA, including transposable elements (TEs), is found throughout eukaryotic genomes. Annotating and assembling the “repeatome” during genome-wide analysis often poses a challenge. To address this problem, we present dnaPipeTE—a new bioinformatics pipeline that uses a sample of raw genomic reads. It produces precise estimates of repeated DNA content and TE consensus sequences, as well as the relative ages of TE families. We shows that dnaPipeTE performs well using very low coverage sequencing in different genomes, losing accuracy only with old TE families. We applied this pipeline to the genome of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, an invasive species of human health interest, for which the genome size is estimated to be over 1 Gbp. Using dnaPipeTE, we showed that this species harbors a large (50% of the genome) and potentially active repeatome with an overall TE class and order composition similar to that of Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito. However, intraorder dynamics show clear distinctions between the two species, with differences at the TE family level. Our pipeline’s ability to manage the repeatome annotation problem will make it helpful for new or ongoing assembly projects, and our results will benefit future genomic studies of A. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Goubert
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, INRIA, VetAgro Sup, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Modolo
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, INRIA, VetAgro Sup, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Cristina Vieira
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, INRIA, VetAgro Sup, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Claire ValienteMoro
- Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon, Lyon, France Ecologie Microbienne, UMR 5557, CNRS, USC INRA 1364, VetAgro Sup, FR41 BioEnvironment and Health, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Patrick Mavingui
- Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon, Lyon, France Ecologie Microbienne, UMR 5557, CNRS, USC INRA 1364, VetAgro Sup, FR41 BioEnvironment and Health, Villeurbanne, France Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT, CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249
| | - Matthieu Boulesteix
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, INRIA, VetAgro Sup, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Gouagna LC, Dehecq JS, Fontenille D, Dumont Y, Boyer S. Seasonal variation in size estimates of Aedes albopictus population based on standard mark-release-recapture experiments in an urban area on Reunion Island. Acta Trop 2015; 143:89-96. [PMID: 25592432 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of the sterile insect technique for area-wide vector control requires that natural population density be accurately estimated to determine both the appropriate time to treat and the adequate number of sterile males for release. Herein, we used mark-release-recapture (MRR) to derive seasonal abundance estimates of Aedes albopictus population sizes within a delimited geographical area in Reunion Island. Population size of Ae. albopictus was estimated through four mark-release-recapture experiments carried out separately in different seasons. Marked males and females were released each time, and recaptured using BG sentinel traps for six consecutive days. Data were used to estimate the population size using a conceptual model that incorporates the variation in daily mortality rates. The likely influence of environmental factors on the magnitude of catches and on population fluctuation was analyzed. A total of 2827 mosquitoes (1914 males and 913 females) were marked and released on four occasions during dry and wet seasons. After release, 138 males (7.21%) and 86 females (9.41%) of the marked specimens were recaptured in subsequent samplings. The effectiveness of the daily captures of wild and released mosquitoes was significantly influenced by meteorological conditions such as temperature, rainfall, wind speed and light intensity. The estimates of Ae. albopictus population size obtained with our model estimator ranged from 298 to 1238 males and 604 to 2208 females per ha, with seasonal variability - higher population size in the humid season. The presented results will be essential in designing more effective sterile male release strategies for long-term suppression of wild Ae. albopictus populations.
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Segoli M, Hoffmann AA, Lloyd J, Omodei GJ, Ritchie SA. The effect of virus-blocking Wolbachia on male competitiveness of the dengue vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e3294. [PMID: 25502564 PMCID: PMC4263406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia blocks the transmission of dengue virus by its vector mosquito Aedes aegypti, and is currently being evaluated for control of dengue outbreaks. Wolbachia induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) that results in the developmental failure of offspring in the cross between Wolbachia-infected males and uninfected females. This increases the relative success of infected females in the population, thereby enhancing the spread of the beneficial bacterium. However, Wolbachia spread via CI will only be feasible if infected males are sufficiently competitive in obtaining a mate under field conditions. We tested the effect of Wolbachia on the competitiveness of A. aegypti males under semi-field conditions. Methodology/Principal Findings In a series of experiments we exposed uninfected females to Wolbachia-infected and uninfected males simultaneously. We scored the competitiveness of infected males according to the proportion of females producing non-viable eggs due to incompatibility. We found that infected males were equally successful to uninfected males in securing a mate within experimental tents and semi-field cages. This was true for males infected by the benign wMel Wolbachia strain, but also for males infected by the virulent wMelPop (popcorn) strain. By manipulating male size we found that larger males had a higher success than smaller underfed males in the semi-field cages, regardless of their infection status. Conclusions/Significance The results indicate that Wolbachia infection does not reduce the competitiveness of A. aegypti males. Moreover, the body size effect suggests a potential advantage for lab-reared Wolbachia-males during a field release episode, due to their better nutrition and larger size. This may promote Wolbachia spread via CI in wild mosquito populations and underscores its potential use for disease control. Dengue is a tropical, potentially lethal disease transmitted by mosquitoes. A new control method involves the release of mosquitoes infected by the bacterium Wolbachia that blocks the transmission of the dengue virus to humans. However, possible negative effects of Wolbachia on mosquito reproductive success could substantially slow the spread of this bacterium in mosquito populations, reducing the feasibility of this method. We found that male mosquitoes infected by Wolbachia are equally successful in finding and mating with females within experimental tents and semi-field cages that mimic mosquito natural habitat. Moreover, larger, well-fed mosquitoes were more successful in semi-field cages, suggesting that Wolbachia mosquitoes that are reared in the lab, and are generally larger than wild mosquitoes, might have an advantage during the time they are being released in the field. Hence, in contrast to other control methods (e.g., the use of sterile males or genetically modified mosquitoes), the use of Wolbachia does not seem to compromise male performance, making it a candidate for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Segoli
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitative Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Ary A. Hoffmann
- Bio21 Institute, Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane Lloyd
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitative Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gavin J. Omodei
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitative Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott A. Ritchie
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitative Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
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Epis S, Porretta D, Mastrantonio V, Urbanelli S, Sassera D, De Marco L, Mereghetti V, Montagna M, Ricci I, Favia G, Bandi C. Temporal dynamics of the ABC transporter response to insecticide treatment: insights from the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7435. [PMID: 25504146 PMCID: PMC4262823 DOI: 10.1038/srep07435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In insects, ABC transporters have been shown to contribute to defence/resistance to insecticides by reducing toxic concentrations in cells/tissues. Despite the extensive studies about this detoxifying mechanism, the temporal patterns of ABC transporter activation have been poorly investigated. Using the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi as a study system, we investigated the expression profile of ABC genes belonging to different subfamilies in permethrin-treated larvae at different time points (30 min to 48 h). Our results showed that the expression of ABCB and ABCG subfamily genes was upregulated at 1 h after treatment, with the highest expression observed at 6 h. Therefore, future investigations on the temporal dynamics of ABC gene expression will allow a better implementation of insecticide treatment regimens, including the use of specific inhibitors of ABC efflux pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Epis
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Porretta
- Department of Environmental Biology, University "La Sapienza" of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Urbanelli
- Department of Environmental Biology, University "La Sapienza" of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Sassera
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Leone De Marco
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valeria Mereghetti
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Montagna
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Ricci
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Guido Favia
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Epis S, Porretta D, Mastrantonio V, Comandatore F, Sassera D, Rossi P, Cafarchia C, Otranto D, Favia G, Genchi C, Bandi C, Urbanelli S. ABC transporters are involved in defense against permethrin insecticide in the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:349. [PMID: 25073980 PMCID: PMC4124152 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Proteins from the ABC family (ATP-binding cassette) represent the largest known group of efflux pumps, responsible for transporting specific molecules across lipid membranes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. In arthropods they have been shown to play a role in insecticide defense/resistance. The presence of ABC transporters and their possible association with insecticide transport have not yet been investigated in the mosquito Anopheles stephensi, the major vector of human malaria in the Middle East and South Asian regions. Here we investigated the presence and role of ABCs in transport of permethrin insecticide in a susceptible strain of this mosquito species. Methods To identify ABC transporter genes we obtained a transcriptome from untreated larvae of An. stephensi and then compared it with the annotated transcriptome of Anopheles gambiae. To analyse the association between ABC transporters and permethrin we conducted bioassays with permethrin alone and in combination with an ABC inhibitor, and then we investigated expression profiles of the identified genes in larvae exposed to permethrin. Results Bioassays showed an increased mortality of mosquitoes when permethrin was used in combination with the ABC-transporter inhibitor. Genes for ABC transporters were detected in the transcriptome, and five were selected (AnstABCB2, AnstABCB3, AnstABCB4, AnstABCmember6 and AnstABCG4). An increased expression in one of them (AnstABCG4) was observed in larvae exposed to the LD50 dose of permethrin. Contrary to what was found in other insect species, no up-regulation was observed in the AnstABCB genes. Conclusions Our results show for the first time the involvement of ABC transporters in larval defense against permethrin in An. stephensi and, more in general, confirm the role of ABC transporters in insecticide defense. The differences observed with previous studies highlight the need of further research as, despite the growing number of studies on ABC transporters in insects, the heterogeneity of the results available at present does not allow us to infer general trends in ABC transporter-insecticide interactions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-349) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudio Bandi
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Petrić D, Bellini R, Scholte EJ, Rakotoarivony LM, Schaffner F. Monitoring population and environmental parameters of invasive mosquito species in Europe. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:187. [PMID: 24739334 PMCID: PMC4005621 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To enable a better understanding of the overwhelming alterations in the invasive mosquito species (IMS), methodical insight into the population and environmental factors that govern the IMS and pathogen adaptations are essential. There are numerous ways of estimating mosquito populations, and usually these describe developmental and life-history parameters. The key population parameters that should be considered during the surveillance of invasive mosquito species are: (1) population size and dynamics during the season, (2) longevity, (3) biting behaviour, and (4) dispersal capacity. Knowledge of these parameters coupled with vector competence may help to determine the vectorial capacity of IMS and basic disease reproduction number (R0) to support mosquito borne disease (MBD) risk assessment. Similarly, environmental factors include availability and type of larval breeding containers, climate change, environmental change, human population density, increased human travel and goods transport, changes in living, agricultural and farming habits (e.g. land use), and reduction of resources in the life cycle of mosquitoes by interventions (e.g. source reduction of aquatic habitats). Human population distributions, urbanisation, and human population movement are the key behavioural factors in most IMS-transmitted diseases. Anthropogenic issues are related to the global spread of MBD such as the introduction, reintroduction, circulation of IMS and increased exposure to humans from infected mosquito bites. This review addresses the population and environmental factors underlying the growing changes in IMS populations in Europe and confers the parameters selected by criteria of their applicability. In addition, overview of the commonly used and newly developed tools for their monitoring is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Petrić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Laboratory for Medical Entomology, Trg D. Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", Via Argini Nord 3351, 40014 Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Ernst-Jan Scholte
- National Centre for Monitoring of Vectors, Dutch Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Geertjesweg 15, P.O. Box 9102, 6700, HC, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Iyaloo DP, Elahee KB, Bheecarry A, Lees RS. Guidelines to site selection for population surveillance and mosquito control trials: a case study from Mauritius. Acta Trop 2014; 132 Suppl:S140-9. [PMID: 24280144 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Many novel approaches to controlling mosquito vectors through the release of sterile and mass reared males are being developed in the face of increasing insecticide resistance and other limitations of current methods. Before full scale release programmes can be undertaken there is a need for surveillance of the target population, and investigation of parameters such as dispersal and longevity of released, as compared to wild males through mark-release-recapture (MRR) and other experiments, before small scale pilot trials can be conducted. The nature of the sites used for this field work is crucial to ensure that a trial can feasibly collect sufficient and relevant information, given the available resources and practical limitations, and having secured the correct regulatory, community and ethical approvals and support. Mauritius is considering the inclusion of the sterile insect technique (SIT), for population reduction of Aedes albopictus, as a component of the Ministry of Health and Quality of Life's 'Operational Plan for Prevention and Control of Chikungunya and Dengue'. As part of an investigation into the feasibility of integrating the SIT into the Integrated Vector Management (IVM) scheme in Mauritius a pilot trial is planned. Two potential sites have been selected for this purpose, Pointe des Lascars and Panchvati, villages in the North East of the country, and population surveillance has commenced. This case study will here be used to explore the considerations which go into determining the most appropriate sites for mosquito field research. Although each situation is unique, and an ideal site may not be available, this discussion aims to help researchers to consider and balance the important factors and select field sites that will meet their needs.
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Oliva CF, Damiens D, Benedict MQ. Male reproductive biology of Aedes mosquitoes. Acta Trop 2014; 132 Suppl:S12-9. [PMID: 24308996 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Among Aedes mosquitoes are species responsible for transmission of serious pathogens to humans. To cope with the current threats to long-term effectiveness of the traditional vector control methods, non-conventional control strategies are being developed. These include autocidal control such as the release of sterile males (sterile insect technique) and the release of Wolbachia-infected males to induce sexual sterility (incompatible insect technique) and pathogen-refractory strain replacement variations using Wolbachia. Sterile male types of techniques particularly depend on released males' ability to successfully mate with wild females. For that reason, a good understanding of male mating biology, including a thorough understanding of the reproductive system and mating capacity, increases the likelihood of success of such genetic vector control programmes. Here we review the literature concerning the reproduction of Aedes mosquitoes with an emphasis on the male biology. We consider sexual maturation, mate finding, insemination, male reproductive capacity, and the occurrence of multiple matings. We also discuss which parameters are of greatest importance for the successful implementation of autocidal control methods and propose questions for future research.
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Lees RS, Knols B, Bellini R, Benedict MQ, Bheecarry A, Bossin HC, Chadee DD, Charlwood J, Dabiré RK, Djogbenou L, Egyir-Yawson A, Gato R, Gouagna LC, Hassan MM, Khan SA, Koekemoer LL, Lemperiere G, Manoukis NC, Mozuraitis R, Pitts RJ, Simard F, Gilles JR. Review: Improving our knowledge of male mosquito biology in relation to genetic control programmes. Acta Trop 2014; 132 Suppl:S2-11. [PMID: 24252487 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The enormous burden placed on populations worldwide by mosquito-borne diseases, most notably malaria and dengue, is currently being tackled by the use of insecticides sprayed in residences or applied to bednets, and in the case of dengue vectors through reduction of larval breeding sites or larviciding with insecticides thereof. However, these methods are under threat from, amongst other issues, the development of insecticide resistance and the practical difficulty of maintaining long-term community-wide efforts. The sterile insect technique (SIT), whose success hinges on having a good understanding of the biology and behaviour of the male mosquito, is an additional weapon in the limited arsenal against mosquito vectors. The successful production and release of sterile males, which is the mechanism of population suppression by SIT, relies on the release of mass-reared sterile males able to confer sterility in the target population by mating with wild females. A five year Joint FAO/IAEA Coordinated Research Project brought together researchers from around the world to investigate the pre-mating conditions of male mosquitoes (physiology and behaviour, resource acquisition and allocation, and dispersal), the mosquito mating systems and the contribution of molecular or chemical approaches to the understanding of male mosquito mating behaviour. A summary of the existing knowledge and the main novel findings of this group is reviewed here, and further presented in the reviews and research articles that form this Acta Tropica special issue.
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Moretti R, Calvitti M. Male mating performance and cytoplasmic incompatibility in a wPip Wolbachia trans-infected line of Aedes albopictus (Stegomyia albopicta). MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2013; 27:377-386. [PMID: 23171418 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Wolbachia pipientis Hertig (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) is a maternally inherited endosymbiont of a large number of insects and other arthropods that induces various effects on host reproductive biology. Among these, cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is a form of sterility induced in eggs produced by mating between infected males and females uninfected or infected by an incompatible Wolbachia strain. This phenomenon has been proposed as a potential way to produce functionally sterile males to be used in genetic control programmes. In this paper, we report on experiments carried out to evaluate the mating performances of males of an Aedes albopictus (Stegomyia albopicta) (Diptera: Culicidae) line (ARwP), harbouring a new Wolbachia infection [the wPip strain from Culex pipiens Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae)], in comparison with naturally infected males (SR line). ARwP males did not differ from SR males with regard to insemination capacity. Mating competitiveness did not differ significantly between lines in either laboratory or greenhouse conditions. Moreover, crosses with SR females were characterized by a 100% CI regardless of ARwP male age. All of these findings suggest that ARwP males may represent a very efficient tool for control programmes against Ae. albopictus based on the release of functionally sterile males.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moretti
- UTAGRI-ECO (Technical Unit for Sustainable Development and Innovation of Agro-Industrial System), CR ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Rome, Italy
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Segoli M, Stouthamer R, Stouthamer CM, Rugman-Jones P, Rosenheim JA. The effect of Wolbachia on the lifetime reproductive success of its insect host in the field. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:2716-20. [PMID: 24125079 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Wolbachia is a widespread endosymbiont that induces dramatic manipulations of its host's reproduction. Although there has been substantial progress in the developing theory for Wolbachia-host interactions and in measuring the effects of Wolbachia on host fitness in the laboratory, there is a widely recognized need to quantify the effects of Wolbachia on the host fitness in the field. The wasp Anagrus sophiae, an egg parasitoid of planthoppers, carries a Wolbachia strain that induces parthenogenesis, but its effects on the fitness of its Anagrus host are unknown. We developed a method to estimate the realized lifetime reproductive success of female wasps by collecting them soon after they die naturally in the field, counting the number of eggs remaining in their ovaries and quantifying Wolbachia density in their body. We sampled from a highly infected A. sophiae population and found no evidence for Wolbachia virulence and possible evidence for positive effects of Wolbachia on realized reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Segoli
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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45
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Regis LN, Acioli RV, Silveira JC, Melo-Santos MAV, Souza WV, Ribeiro CMN, da Silva JCS, Monteiro AMV, Oliveira CMF, Barbosa RMR, Braga C, Rodrigues MAB, Silva MGNM, Ribeiro PJ, Bonat WH, de Castro Medeiros LC, Carvalho MS, Furtado AF. Sustained reduction of the dengue vector population resulting from an integrated control strategy applied in two Brazilian cities. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67682. [PMID: 23844059 PMCID: PMC3701045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti has developed evolution-driven adaptations for surviving in the domestic human habitat. Several trap models have been designed considering these strategies and tested for monitoring this efficient vector of Dengue. Here, we report a real-scale evaluation of a system for monitoring and controlling mosquito populations based on egg sampling coupled with geographic information systems technology. The SMCP-Aedes, a system based on open technology and open data standards, was set up from March/2008 to October/2011 as a pilot trial in two sites of Pernambuco -Brazil: Ipojuca (10,000 residents) and Santa Cruz (83,000), in a joint effort of health authorities and staff, and a network of scientists providing scientific support. A widespread infestation by Aedes was found in both sites in 2008-2009, with 96.8%-100% trap positivity. Egg densities were markedly higher in SCC than in Ipojuca. A 90% decrease in egg density was recorded in SCC after two years of sustained control pressure imposed by suppression of >7,500,000 eggs and >3,200 adults, plus larval control by adding fishes to cisterns. In Ipojuca, 1.1 million mosquito eggs were suppressed and a 77% reduction in egg density was achieved. This study aimed at assessing the applicability of a system using GIS and spatial statistic analysis tools for quantitative assessment of mosquito populations. It also provided useful information on the requirements for reducing well-established mosquito populations. Results from two cities led us to conclude that the success in markedly reducing an Aedes population required the appropriate choice of control measures for sustained mass elimination guided by a user-friendly mosquito surveillance system. The system was able to support interventional decisions and to assess the program's success. Additionally, it created a stimulating environment for health staff and residents, which had a positive impact on their commitment to the dengue control program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lêda N Regis
- Departameto de Entomologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz-Pe, Recife-PE, Brazil.
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Ritchie SA, Montgomery BL, Hoffmann AA. Novel estimates of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) population size and adult survival based on Wolbachia releases. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2013; 50:624-631. [PMID: 23802459 DOI: 10.1603/me12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The size of Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquito populations and adult survival rates have proven difficult to estimate because of a lack of consistent quantitative measures to equate sampling methods, such as adult trapping, to actual population size. However, such estimates are critical for devising control methods and for modeling the transmission of dengue and other infectious agents carried by this species. Here we take advantage of recent releases of Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti coupled with the results of ongoing monitoring to estimate the size of adult Ae. aegypti populations around Cairns in far north Queensland, Australia. Based on the association between released adults infected with Wolbachia and data from Biogents Sentinel traps, we show that data from two locations are consistent with population estimates of approximately 5-10 females per house and daily survival rates of 0.7-0.9 for the released Wolbachia-infected females. Moreover, we estimate that networks of Biogents Sentinel traps at a density of one per 15 houses capture around 5-10% of the adult population per week, and provide a rapid estimate of the absolute population size of Ae. aegypti. These data are discussed with respect to release rates and monitoring in future Wolbachia releases and also the levels of suppression required to reduce dengue transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Ritchie
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitative Sciences, James Cook University, P.O. Box 1103 Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia.
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Crepeau TN, Healy SP, Bartlett-Healy K, Unlu I, Farajollahi A, Fonseca DM. Effects of Biogents Sentinel Trap field placement on capture rates of adult Asian tiger mosquitoes, Aedes albopictus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60524. [PMID: 23555987 PMCID: PMC3612070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Biogents® Sentinel (BGS) trap is the standard tool to monitor adult Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), the Asian tiger mosquito. BGS traps are commonly placed in residential properties during surveillance operations, but locations within properties may have significant differences in ambient light, temperature, and humidity (e.g. between a sunlit lawn and shady underbrush). We examined the effect of BGS trap placement on Ae. albopictus capture rates in three residential properties in Monmouth County, New Jersey, USA. In each property we visually selected locations as shade, partial shade, and sun. Traps in “partial shade” locations were under vegetation and were exposed to filtered sunlight during some parts of the day while “shaded” locations were never exposed to direct sunlight. Locations defined as “sun” were exposed to direct sunlight for large parts of the day. We placed a BGS trap in each of the three location types and used small data loggers to measure temperature, relative humidity, and light exposure at each trap during a 24-hour deployment. To address temporal variability, we made seven separate measurements from 31 August to 22 September 2010. We found that “partial shade” and “full shade” locations did not differ but that “full sun” locations had significantly higher light exposure, higher temperature, and lower humidity. Importantly, Ae. albopictus catches (males, females, or both) were consistently and significantly over 3 times higher in traps located in shaded locations. To further investigate the effects of local temperature and humidity on surveillance we examined Ae. albopictus collections from 37 BGS traps fitted with data loggers and deployed weekly from August through mid October, during the 2009 season, in three urban sites in Mercer County, NJ. We confirmed that local climate influences capture rates and that Ae. albopictus surveillance projects need to monitor trap placement carefully for maximum efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn N. Crepeau
- Monmouth County Mosquito Extermination Commission, Eatontown, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Sean P. Healy
- Monmouth County Mosquito Extermination Commission, Eatontown, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Kristen Bartlett-Healy
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Isik Unlu
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- Mercer County Mosquito Control, West Trenton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Ary Farajollahi
- Mercer County Mosquito Control, West Trenton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Dina M. Fonseca
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Oliva CF, Maier MJ, Gilles J, Jacquet M, Lemperiere G, Quilici S, Vreysen MJB, Schooneman F, Chadee DD, Boyer S. Effects of irradiation, presence of females, and sugar supply on the longevity of sterile males Aedes albopictus (Skuse) under semi-field conditions on Reunion Island. Acta Trop 2013. [PMID: 23206578 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of the sterile insect technique (SIT) for reducing populations of Aedes albopictus (Skuse), (the vector of Chikungunya and Dengue fever), was studied in Reunion Island. For some mosquito species the sterilization process and mating activity may alter male survival. Most previous studies were carried out in the laboratory and may inadequately reflect the field situation. We conducted a semi-field experiment to evaluate the impact of sugar supply and mating activity under natural climatic conditions on wild and sterile male Ae. albopictus longevity, using large cages set up in an open clearing between trees and shrubs in Reunion Island. RESULTS Wild males had a mean longevity of 15.5 days in the absence of females and with an immediate sugar supply; longevity in sterile males was similar. The presence of females greatly reduced both wild and especially sterile male lifespan; however, an immediate sugar supply could counteract this effect and allow sterile males to live an average of 11.6 days. CONCLUSION The outcomes indicate that sugar feeding could compensate for sterilization-induced damage, and that mating activity is not deleterious for well-fed males. This study stresses the critical importance of providing suitable sugar sources prior to release during SIT programmes.
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Calvitti M, Moretti R, Skidmore AR, Dobson SL. Wolbachia strain wPip yields a pattern of cytoplasmic incompatibility enhancing a Wolbachia-based suppression strategy against the disease vector Aedes albopictus. Parasit Vectors 2012; 5:254. [PMID: 23146564 PMCID: PMC3545731 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is induced in nature by Wolbachia bacteria, resulting in conditional male sterility. Previous research demonstrated that the two Wolbachia strains (wAlbA and wAlbB) that naturally co-infect the disease vector mosquito Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) can be replaced with the wPip Wolbachia strain from Culex pipiens. Since Wolbachia-based vector control strategies depend upon the strength and consistency of CI, a greater understanding is needed on the CI relationships between wPip, wAlbA and wAlbB Wolbachia in Ae. albopictus. METHODS This work consisted of a collaborative series of crosses carried out in Italy and in US to study the CI relationships between the "wPip" infected Ae. albopictus strain (ARwP) and the superinfected SR strain. The Ae. albopictus strains used in Italian tests are the wPip infected ARwP strain (ARwPIT), the superinfected SR strain and the aposymbiotic AR strain. To understand the observed pattern of CI, crossing experiments carried out in USA focused on the study of the CI relationships between ARwP (ARwPUS) and artificially-generated single infected lines, in specific HTA and HTB, harbouring only wAlbA and wAlbB Wolbachia respectively. RESULTS The paper reports an unusual pattern of CI observed in crossing experiments between ARwP and SR lines. Specifically, ARwP males are able to induce full sterility in wild type females throughout most of their lifetime, while crosses between SR males and ARwP females become partially fertile with male aging. We demonstrated that the observed decrease in CI penetrance with SR male age, is related to the previously described decrease in Wolbachia density, in particular of the wAlbA strain, occurring in aged superinfected males. CONCLUSIONS The results here reported support the use of the ARwP Ae. albopictus line as source of "ready-made sterile males", as an alternative to gamma radiation sterilized males, for autocidal suppression strategies against the Asian tiger mosquito. In addition, the age dependent CI weakening observed in the crosses between SR males and ARwP females simplifies the downstream efforts to preserve the genetic variability within the laboratory ARwP colonies, to date based on the antibiotic treatment of wild captured superinfected mosquitoes, also reducing the costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Calvitti
- Laboratory of Sustainable Management of the Agro-ecosystem, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Via Anguillarese, 310, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Laboratory of Sustainable Management of the Agro-ecosystem, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Via Anguillarese, 310, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | - Amanda R Skidmore
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Stephen L Dobson
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
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Boyer S, Toty C, Jacquet M, Lempérière G, Fontenille D. Evidence of multiple inseminations in the field in Aedes albopictus. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42040. [PMID: 22916116 PMCID: PMC3419715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the biology and mating behaviour of male mosquitoes are of major importance in a frame of a Sterile Insect Technique which could be used against mosquito vector species. Most particularly, the assumption of possible multiple inseminations in mosquito species must be investigated in order to optimize alternative mosquito control methods (Sterile Insect Techniques with genetically modified mosquitoes, cytoplasmic incompatibility, radiation…). The occurrence of multiple insemination events was investigated after 2 field samplings of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in La Reunion Island using microsatellite markers. Respectively, 14 and 13 females after the first and the second sampling laid eggs. Seven wild females out of the 27 laying females were found with a progeny involving more than one father. This result is important for the new alternative mosquito control methods and raises the importance of pre- and post-copulatory competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Boyer
- MIVEGEC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) UMR 224, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS 5290), Universités Montpellier 1 and 2, Montpellier, France.
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