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Muraoka T, Ishita T, Kawachi K, Nishio T, Ishihara H, Ueno K. Reactions of (mesityl) n(methyl) 2-nsilylene complexes with pyridine- N-oxide ( n = 1 and 0): formation of silanone complexes and a disiloxanyloxy complex. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7105-7114. [PMID: 38567984 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00631c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Silanones (OSiR2), a heavier congener of ketones (R2CO), are highly reactive species that are readily converted to oligomeric siloxane (O-SiR2)n. Coordination of silanones to the transition-metal fragments to afford silanone-coordinated complexes is a reliable silanone stabilization method. Recently, our group reported the synthesis, structures, and reactivity of dimesityl-substituted silanone complexes Cp*(OC)2M{OSiMes2(L)}(SiMe3) (M = W, Mo, L: Lewis base, Cp*: η5-C5Me5, Mes: 2,4,6-Me3C6H2). Herein, to investigate the effect of substituents on the silicon atom during the formation of a silanone complex, we demonstrated the use of Mes and smaller Me groups. As a result, the formation of Mes(Me)-substituted silanone molybdenum complex Cp*(OC)2Mo{OSiMes(Me)(py)}(SiMe3) (5b, py: pyridine) was suggested, the silanone tungsten complex Cp*(OC)2W{OSiMes(Me)(DMAP)}(SiMe3) (4a, DMAP: 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine) was obtained, and a dimethyl-substituted disiloxanyloxy(dioxo) complex Cp*(O)2W(OSiMe2OSiMe3) (9) was formed. The reaction of 4a with PMe3 proceeded via the elimination of DMAP and migration of the SiMe3 group to the oxygen atom of the silanone ligand to afford Cp*(OC)2W(SiMes(Me)OSiMe3)(PMe3) (11a). The Mo complex Cp*(OC)2Mo(SiMes(Me)OSiMe3)(PMe3) (11b) was produced by the reaction of Cp*(OC)2Mo{SiMes(Me)}(SiMe3) (7b) with pyridine-N-oxide in the presence of PMe3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Muraoka
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
- Division of Pure and Applied Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Taichi Ishita
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Kawachi
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Takuya Nishio
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Ishihara
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Keiji Ueno
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
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Cañadas P, Díaz J, López R, Menéndez MI, Pérez J, Riera L. Elucidation of the Pyridine Ring-Opening Mechanism of 2,2'-Bipyridine or 1,10-Phenanthroline Ligands at Re(I) Carbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38640477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The cleavage of the C-N bonds of aromatic heterocycles, such as pyridines or quinolines, is a crucial step in the hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) industrial processes of fuels in order to minimize the emission of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. Due to the harsh conditions under which these reactions take place (high temperature and H2 pressure), the mechanism by which they occur is only partially understood, and any study at the molecular level that reveals new mechanistic possibilities in this area is of great interest. Herein, we unravel the pyridine ring-opening mechanism of 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands coordinated to the cis-{Re(CO)2(N-RIm)(PMe3)} (N-RIm= N-alkylimidazole) fragment under mild conditions. Computational calculations show that deprotonation of the pyridine ring, once dearomatized, is crucial to induce ring contraction, triggering extrusion of the nitrogen atom from the ring and cleavage of the C-N bond. It is noteworthy that different products (regioisomers) are obtained depending on whether the ligand used is bipy or phen due to the additional rigidity and stability conferred by the central ring of the phen ligand, an issue also addressed and clarified computationally. Strong support for the proposed mechanism is provided by the characterization and isolation, including three single-crystal X-ray diffraction structures, of several of the proposed reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purificación Cañadas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Jesús Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, Cáceres 33071, Spain
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - M Isabel Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Julio Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología (CINN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Avda. de la Vega, 4-6, El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Lucía Riera
- Centro de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología (CINN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Avda. de la Vega, 4-6, El Entrego 33940, Spain
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De Smet G, Bai X, Maes BUW. Selective C(aryl)-O bond cleavage in biorenewable phenolics. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 38634517 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00570d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass via a lignin first approach delivers a range of products with high oxygen content. Besides pulp, a lignin oil rich in guaiacols and syringols is obtained bearing multiple C(aryl)-OH and C(aryl)-OMe groups, typically named phenolics. Similarly, technical lignin can be used but is generally more difficult to process providing lower yields of monomers. Removal of the hydroxy and methoxy groups in these oxygenated arenes is challenging due to the inherently strong C-O bonds, in addition to the steric and electronic deactivation by adjacent -OH or -OMe groups. Moreover, chemoselective removal of a specific group in the presence of other similar functionalities is non-trivial. Other side-reactions such as ring saturation and transalkylation further complicate the desired reduction process. In this overview, three different selective reduction reactions are considered. Complete hydrodeoxygenation removes both hydroxy and methoxy groups resulting in benzene and alkylated derivatives (BTX type products) which is often complicated by overreduction of the arene ring. Hydrodemethoxylation selectively removes methoxy groups in the presence of hydroxy groups leading to phenol products, while hydrodehydroxylation only removes hydroxy groups without cleavage of methoxy groups giving anisole products. Instead of defunctionalization via reduction transformation of C(aryl)-OH, albeit via an initial derivatization into C(aryl)-OX, into other functionalities is possible and also discussed. In addition to methods applying guaiacols and syringols present in lignin oil as model substrates, special attention is given to methods using mixtures of these compounds obtained from wood/technical lignin. Finally, other important aspects of C-O bond activation with respect to green chemistry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles De Smet
- Organic Synthesis Division (ORSY), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Xingfeng Bai
- Organic Synthesis Division (ORSY), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division (ORSY), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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Tang Y, Chen H, Chen Y, Chen J, Luo Y. Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Supported by A Tridentate Amidinate Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Comparison in Isoprene Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38635372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
To systematically investigate the dependence of the initiating group and metal size on polymerization performance, a family of rare-earth metal bis(alkyl)/bis(benzyl)/bis(amide) complexes supported by a monoanionic tridentate amidinate ligand [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NC(Ph)N(C6H4-2-OMe]- (HL) were synthesized and well-characterized. Treatment of rare-earth metal tris(alkyl)/tris(benzyl)/tris(amide) complexes Y(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)3 or Y(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 or Ln[N(SiHMe2)2]3(THF)x (Ln = Sc, x = 1; Ln = Y, La, Sm, Lu, x = 2) with 1 equiv of HL gave the corresponding mono(amidinate) rare-earth metal bis(alkyl)/bis(benzyl)/bis(amide) complexes [(2,6-iPr2C6H4)NC(Ph)N(C6H4-2-OMe)]Y(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)2 (1), [(2,6-iPr2C6H4)NC(Ph)N(C6H4-2-OMe)]Y(CH2SiMe3)2(THF) (2), and [(2,6-iPr2C6H4)NC(Ph)N(C6H4-2-OMe)]Ln[N(SiHMe2)2]2(THF)n (Ln = Y, n = 1 (3); Ln = La, n = 1 (4); Ln = Sc, n = 0 (5); Ln = Lu, n = 0 (6); Ln = Sm, n = 0 (7)) in good isolated yields. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the presence of excess AlMe3 and on treatment with 1 equiv of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], these complexes could serve as precatalysts for cationic polymerization of isoprene, in which the dependence of the polymerization activity and regioselectivity on the initiating group and metal size was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Haonan Chen
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo 315800, P. R. China
| | - Jue Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Yunjie Luo
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
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Kushwaha R, Singh V, Peters S, Yadav AK, Sadhukhan T, Koch B, Banerjee S. Comparative Study of Sonodynamic and Photoactivated Cancer Therapies with Re(I)-Tricarbonyl Complexes Comprising Phenanthroline Ligands. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38603561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we have compared the effectivity of light-based photoactivated cancer therapy and ultrasound-based sonodynamic therapy with Re(I)-tricarbonyl complexes (Re1-Re3) against cancer cells. The observed photophysical and TD-DFT calculations indicated the potential of Re1-Re3 to act as good anticancer agents under visible light/ultrasound exposure. Re1 did not display any dark- or light- or ultrasound-triggered anticancer activity. However, Re2 and Re3 displayed concentration-dependent anticancer activity upon light and ultrasound exposure. Interestingly, Re3 produced 1O2 and OH• on light/ultrasound exposure. Moreover, Re3 induced NADH photo-oxidation in PBS and produced H2O2. To the best of our knowledge, NADH photo-oxidation has been achieved here with the Re(I) complex for the first time in PBS. Additionally, Re3 released CO upon light/ultrasound exposure. The cell death mechanism revealed that Re3 produced an apoptotic cell death response in HeLa cells via ROS generation. Interestingly, Re3 showed slightly better anticancer activity under light exposure compared to ultrasound exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Virendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Silda Peters
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Tumpa Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Biplob Koch
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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Benítez M, Buil ML, Esteruelas MA, López AM, Martín-Escura C, Oñate E. C-H, N-H, and O-H Bond Activations to Prepare Phosphorescent Hydride-Iridium(III)-Phosphine Emitters with Photocatalytic Achievement in C-C Coupling Reactions. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6346-6361. [PMID: 38546839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Complex IrH5(PiPr3)2 (1) activates two different σ-bonds of 3-phenoxy-1-phenylisoquinoline, 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-6-phenylpyridine, 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)-6-phenylpyridine, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-phenylpyridine, N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-N'-phenylimidazolylidene, and 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)-4,6-dimethylbenzene to give IrH{κ3-C,N,C-[C6H4-isoqui-O-C6H4]}(PiPr3)2 (2), IrH{κ3-N,N,C-[NBzim-py-C6H4]}(PiPr3)2 (3), IrH{κ3-N,N,C-[Ind-py-C6H4]}(PiPr3)2 (4), IrH{κ3-C,N,O-[C6H4-py-C6H4O]}(PiPr3)2 (5), IrH{κ3-C,C,O-[C6H4-Im-C6H4O]}(PiPr3)2 (6), and IrH{κ3-N,C,C-[py-C6HMe2-C5H3N]}(PiPr3)2 (7), respectively. The activations are sequential, with the second generally being the slowest. Accordingly, dihydride intermediates IrH2{κ2-C,N-[C6H4-isoqui-O-C6H5]}(PiPr3)2 (2d), IrH2{κ2-N,N-[NBzim-py-C6H5]}(PiPr3)2 (3d), IrH2{κ2-N,N-[Ind-py-C6H5]}(PiPr3)2 (4d), and IrH2{κ2-N,C-[py-C6HMe2-py]}(PiPr3)2 (7d) were characterized spectroscopically. Complexes 3 and 5 are green phosphorescent emitters upon photoexcitation, exhibiting good absorption over a wide range of wavelengths, emission quantum yields about 0.70 in solution, long enough lifetimes (10-17 μs), and reversible electrochemical behavior. In agreement with these features, complex 3 promotes the photocatalytic α-amino C(sp3)-H arylation of N,N-dimethylaniline and N-phenylpiperidine with 1,4-dicyanobenzene and 4-cyanopyridine under blue LED light irradiation. The C-C coupling products are isolated in high yields with only 2 mol % of photocatalyst after 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Benítez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - María L Buil
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Miguel A Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Ana M López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Cristina Martín-Escura
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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Kawabuchi Y, Suzuki T, Wada Y, Sunada Y. Reductive Retrocyclization of a Mangana(II)cyclopentasilane to Form Manganese(0) Bis(η 2-disilene) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319804. [PMID: 38329155 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Ligand-exchange reactions on a mangana(II)cyclopentasilane complex that contains two THF ligands with aryl isocyanides led to the formation of manganese(0) bis(η2-disilene) complexes via a retrocyclization. In stark contrast, ligand-exchange reactions with CNtBu, an N-heterocyclic carbene, or pyridine-based ligands furnished manganese(II) complexes wherein the manganacyclopentasilane framework remained intact. The thermolysis of the obtained bis(η2-disilene) complex in the presence of mesityl isocyanide led to the formation of a cyclotetrasilane via the formal dimerization of the two η2-disilene moieties. The insertion of a mesityl isocyanide into the Mn-Siβ bond results in the formation of a manganese(II) complex supported by a [SiCSi]-type tridentate ligand scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kawabuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Wada
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sunada
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- JST PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
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Wang L, Yang S, Tang Y, Li K, Lu M, Guo H. Palladium-Catalyzed [5 + 4] Cycloaddition of 4-Vinyl-4-Butyrolactones with N-Tosyl Azadienes: Construction of Nine-Membered Ring. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5019-5028. [PMID: 38502934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we reported the palladium-catalyzed formal [5 + 4] cycloaddition reactions between 4-vinyl-4-butyrolactones (VBLs) and azadienes. Under mild reaction conditions, a wide range of benzofuran-fused 9-membered heterocyclic compounds had been provided in moderate to excellent yields with exclusive regioselectivities and excellent diastereoselectivities. The practical applicability of the synthesis was demonstrated through scale-up reaction and further transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Mengxi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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de la Mata Moratilla S, Casado Angulo S, Gómez-Casanova N, Copa-Patiño JL, Heredero-Bermejo I, de la Mata FJ, García-Gallego S. Zinc(II) Iminopyridine Complexes as Antibacterial Agents: A Structure-to-Activity Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4011. [PMID: 38612821 PMCID: PMC11012978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is currently a global health emergency. Metallodrugs, especially metal coordination complexes, comprise a broad variety of candidates to combat antibacterial infections. In this work, we designed a new family of Schiff base zinc(II) complexes with iminopyridine as an organic ligand and different inorganic ligands: chloride, nitrate, and acetate. The antibacterial effect of the Zn(II) complexes was studied against planktonic bacterial cells of Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) strains. The results showed a moderate biocide activity in both types of planktonic bacteria, which arises from the metal complexation to the Schiff base ligand. Importantly, we confirmed the crucial effect of the metal, with Zn(II) improving the activity of Cu(II) counterparts previously reported. On the other hand, the impact of the inorganic ligands was not significant for the antibacterial effect but was relevant for the complex solubility. Finally, as proof of concept of topical antibacterial formulation, we formulated an emulsion containing the most lipophilic Zn(II) complex and confirmed a sustained release for 24 h in a vertical cell diffusion assay. The promising activity of iminopyridine Zn(II) complexes is potentially worth exploring in more detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia de la Mata Moratilla
- University of Alcalá, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (S.d.l.M.M.); (S.C.A.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
| | - Sandra Casado Angulo
- University of Alcalá, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (S.d.l.M.M.); (S.C.A.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
| | - Natalia Gómez-Casanova
- University of Alcalá, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (N.G.-C.); (J.L.C.-P.)
| | - José Luis Copa-Patiño
- University of Alcalá, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (N.G.-C.); (J.L.C.-P.)
| | - Irene Heredero-Bermejo
- University of Alcalá, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (N.G.-C.); (J.L.C.-P.)
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- University of Alcalá, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (S.d.l.M.M.); (S.C.A.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra García-Gallego
- University of Alcalá, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (S.d.l.M.M.); (S.C.A.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Tomasini M, Gimferrer M, Caporaso L, Poater A. Rhenium Alkyne Catalysis: Sterics Control the Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5842-5851. [PMID: 38507560 PMCID: PMC10988556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Metathesis reactions, including alkane, alkene, and alkyne metatheses, have their origins in the fundamental understanding of chemical reactions and the development of specialized catalysts. These reactions stand as transformative pillars in organic chemistry, providing efficient rearrangement of carbon-carbon bonds and enabling synthetic access to diverse and complex compounds. Their impact spans industries such as petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and materials science. In this work, we present a detailed mechanistic study of the Re(V) catalyzed alkyne metathesis through density functional theory calculations. Our findings are in agreement with the experimental evidence from Jia and co-workers and unveil critical factors governing catalyst performance. Our work not only enhances our understanding of alkyne metathesis but also contributes to the broader landscape of catalytic processes, facilitating the design of more efficient and selective transformations in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tomasini
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de
Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Ma Aurèlia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Catalonia, Spain
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università
di Salerno, Via Ponte
don Melillo, Fisciano 84084, Italy
| | - Martí Gimferrer
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August
Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università
di Salerno, Via Ponte
don Melillo, Fisciano 84084, Italy
- CIRCC, Interuniversity Consortium Chemical Reactivity and Catalysis, via Celso Ulpiani 27, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de
Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Ma Aurèlia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Catalonia, Spain
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11
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Miyazaki Y, Michigami K, Ohashi M. Isolation of Cationic η 3-Allenylnickel(II) Key Intermediate Complexes: Origins of Enantioselectivity and Regioselectivity in Nickel(0)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Propargylic Substitutions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8757-8767. [PMID: 38498989 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and isolation of cationic η3-allenylnickel(II) complexes that bear rac-BINAP as a bidentate ligand for the first time via Me3SiOTf-promoted C-O bond cleavage of propargylic tert-butyl carbonate. In contrast, in the presence of the monodentate phosphine ligand PEt3, treatment of propargylic tert-butyl carbonate with Ni(cod)2 resulted in a gradual C-O bond cleavage leading to η1-allenylnickel(II) complexes, i.e., trans-(PEt3)2Ni(η1-CPh═C═CHR)(OBoc). X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy studies of [(η3-RCH-CCPh)Ni(rac-BINAP)](OTf) revealed that the complex adopts an η3-allenyl coordination mode both in the crystal lattice and in solution. A thorough structural comparison between [(η3-RCH-CCPh)Ni(rac-BINAP)](OTf) and palladium and platinum analogues revealed that the η3-allenyl moiety in the nickel complex is similar to that observed in palladium and platinum complexes, albeit that each Ni-C bond is shorter than the corresponding Pd-C and Pt-C bonds due to the smaller ionic radius of nickel to that of Pd or Pt. The reactions of either N-methylaniline or sodium N-methylanilide with [(η3-RCH-CCPh)Ni((R)-BINAP)](OTf) furnished (R)-PhC≡CCH(NMePh)Me as an asymmetric propargylic substitution (APS) product with excellent enantioselectivity. Furthermore, when the nickel-catalyzed APS reaction of propargylic tert-butyl carbonate with N-methylaniline was conducted in DMSO at 60 °C in the presence of 5 mol % of [(η3-RCH-CCPh)Ni((R)-BINAP)](OTf) and 7.5 mol % of sodium N-methylanilide as a catalytic precursor and an additive, respectively, (R)-PhC≡CCH(NMePh)Me was obtained in 79% yield with 90% ee. The experimental results and computational calculations strongly suggest that the nickel-catalyzed APS reaction might proceed via a cationic η3-allenylnickel(II) species as the key reaction intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miyazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenichi Michigami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masato Ohashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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12
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Onn CS, Hill AF. Carbon-chalcogen wires: alkynyltellurolatocarbynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3555-3558. [PMID: 38465387 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00303a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The reactions of [W(CBr)(CO)2(Tp*)] (Tp* = tris(dimethylpyrazolyl)borate) with LiTeCCR (R = SiMe3, SiiPr3, iPr, nBu, tBu, Ph, C6H4Me-4, methylimidazol-2-yl) afford the first alkynyltellurolatocarbynes [W(CTeCCR)(CO)2(Tp*)]. Both the WC and CC multiple bonds are prone to metal addition as exemplified by treatment with [MCl(SMe2)] (M = Cu, Au) to afford the hexametallic complex [W2Cu4(μ-CTeCCSiiPr3)2Cl4(CO)4(Tp*)2] and [WAu(μ-CTeCCSiMe3)Cl(CO)2-(Tp*)] which evolves to the unusual hypervalent [WAu(μ-CTeCl4)(SMe2)(CO)2(Tp*)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee S Onn
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Anthony F Hill
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, ACT 2601, Australia.
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13
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Gao J, Ge Y, He C. X-type silyl ligands for transition-metal catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 38525837 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00893b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Given the critical importance of novel ligand development for transition-metal (TM) catalysis, as well as the resurgence of the field of organosilicon chemistry and silyl ligands, to summarize the topic of X-type silyl ligands for TM catalysis is highly attractive and timely. This review particularly emphasizes the unique σ-donating characteristics and trans-effects of silyl ligands, highlighting their crucial roles in enhancing the reactivity and selectivity of various catalytic reactions, including small molecule activation, Kumada cross-coupling, hydrofunctionalization, C-H functionalization, and dehydrogenative Si-O coupling reactions. Additionally, future developments in this field are also provided, which would inspire new insights and applications in catalytic synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Provincial, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Yicong Ge
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Chuan He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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14
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Li X, Song Q. "Homoleptic" Tetracoordinate Boron Compounds. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5295-5314. [PMID: 38488071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
"Homoleptic" tetracoordinate boron compounds, in which the central boron atom links to four identical atoms, are a special and important family of boron compounds. During the past decades, they have been extensively employed in inorganic, organic, macromolecular, and materials chemistry. Many of them exhibit a diverse range of outstanding properties, and therefore, the synthesis and application of those compounds have emerged as a hot research topic in modern boron chemistry. This review summarizes and discusses the "homoleptic" tetracoordinate boron compounds, which are organized according to the kinds of atoms coordinated to the central boron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
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15
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Belli RG, Muir V, Dyck NB, Pantazis DA, Sousa TPA, Slusar CR, Parkin HC, Rosenberg L. Exploring Electrophilic Hydrophosphination via Metal Phosphenium Intermediates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302924. [PMID: 38242847 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Two Mo(0) phosphenium complexes containing ancillary secondary phosphine ligands have been investigated with respect to their ability to participate in electrophilic addition at unsaturated substrates and subsequent P-H hydride transfer to "quench" the resulting carbocations. These studies provide stoichiometric "proof of concept" for a proposed new metal-catalyzed electrophilic hydrophosphination mechanism. The more strongly Lewis acidic phosphenium complex, [Mo(CO)4(PR2H)(PR2)]+ (R=Ph, Tolp), cleanly hydrophosphinates 1,1-diphenylethylene, benzophenone, and ethylene, while other substrates react rapidly to give products resulting from competing electrophilic processes. A less Lewis acidic complex, [Mo(CO)3(PR2H)2(PR2)]+, generally reacts more slowly but participates in clean hydrophosphination of a wider range of unsaturated substrates, including styrene, indene, 1-hexene, and cyclohexanone, in addition to 1,1-diphenylethylene, benzophenone, and ethylene. Mechanistic studies are described, including stoichiometric control reactions and computational and kinetic analyses, which probe whether the observed P-H addition actually does occur by the proposed electrophilic mechanism, and whether hydridic P-H transfer in this system is intra- or intermolecular. Preliminary reactivity studies indicate challenges that must be addressed to exploit these promising results in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman G Belli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Vanessa Muir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Nicholas B Dyck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Tânia P A Sousa
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Carly R Slusar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Hayley C Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Lisa Rosenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
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16
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Dong Y, Yang S, Tang Y, Li K, Liu J, Yang F, Zhang C, Guo H. Palladium-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of 4-Vinyl-4-butyrolactones with Ketenes Generated in Situ from Acyl Chlorides: A Method for the Synthesis of Dihydrofurans. Org Lett 2024; 26:2057-2061. [PMID: 38426714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, palladium-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 4-vinyl-4-butyrolactones with ketenes generated from easily available acyl chlorides was achieved. With Pd2(dba)3·CHCl3/XantPhos as the catalyst, the reaction proceeded smoothly under mild reaction conditions, affording a series of 2,3-dihydrofurans in moderate to high yields. The scale-up reaction and further transformations of the products are demonstrated, and a plausible mechanism is proposed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Fazhou Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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17
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Choudhury D, Lam CC, Farag NL, Slaughter J, Bond AD, Goodman JM, Wright DS. Suppressing Cis/Trans 'Ring-Flipping' in Organoaluminium(III)-2-Pyridyl Dimers-Design Strategies Towards Lewis Acid Catalysts for Alkene Oligomerisation. Chemistry 2024:e202303872. [PMID: 38477400 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Owing to its high natural abundance compared to the commonly used transition (precious) metals, as well as its high Lewis acidity and ability to change oxidation state, aluminium has recently been explored as the basis for a range of single-site catalysts. This paper aims to establish the ground rules for the development of a new type of cationic alkene oligomerisation catalyst containing two Al(III) ions, with the potential to act co-operatively in stereoselective assembly. Five new dimers of the type [R2Al(2-py')]2 (R=Me, iBu; py'=substituted pyridyl group) with different substituents on the Al atoms and pyridyl rings have been synthesised. The formation of the undesired cis isomers can be suppressed by the presence of substituents on the 6-position of the pyridyl ring due to steric congestion, with DFT calculations showing that the selection of the trans isomer is thermodynamically controlled. Calculations show that demethylation of the dimers [Me2Al(2-py')]2 with Ph3C+ to the cations [{MeAl(2-py')}2(μ-Me)]+ is highly favourable and that the desired trans disposition of the 2-pyridyl ring units is influenced by steric effects. Preliminary experimental studies confirm that demethylation of [Me2Al(6-MeO-2-py)]2 can be achieved using [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjana Choudhury
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW
| | - Ching Ching Lam
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW
| | - Nadia L Farag
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW
| | - Jonathan Slaughter
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW
| | - Jonathan M Goodman
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW
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18
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Yuan L, Yao H, Shen Y, Zhang Y. A cyclometalated Pt(II)-Pt(II) clamshell dimer with a triplet emission at 887 nm. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5125-5132. [PMID: 38379520 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04335e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Here, a cyclometalated Pt(II) clamshell dimer (complex 2) has been synthesized with the primary ligand of dibenzo(f,h)quinoxaline and an ancillary ligand of N,N'-diphenylformamidine. In addition, a mononuclear Pt(II) complex 1a and a binuclear Pt(II) complex 1b were also prepared. Complex 1a was coordinated by one cyclometalated ligand of dibenzo(f,h)quinoxaline, one chloride ion, and one N,N'-diphenylformamidine. Complex 1b was coordinated by one cyclometalated ligand of dibenzo(f,h)quinoxaline, two chloride ions, and two N,N'-diphenylformamidines. All of these three complexes were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), elemental analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Pt-Pt distance in complex 2 was 2.8439(2) Å. It also exhibited a near-infrared (near-IR) emission at 887 nm in the pure solid state. On the other hand, complexes 1a and 1b exhibited triplet emission at 589 and 660 nm, respectively, in the pure solid state. Furthermore, in 2 wt% poly(Me methacrylate) (PMMA) films, complex 1a showed a triplet emission at 548 nm (with Φ = 84% and τ = 5.53 μs) and complex 1b showed an emission at 627 nm (with Φ = 79% and τ = 4.07 μs). Due to its great photophysical properties, complex 1b was deposited onto quartz plates for the detection of organic solvent vapors and it showed unique emission quenching for the vapor of tetrahydrofuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lequn Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China.
| | - Haibo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse of Shandong Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Yunjun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China.
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19
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Wang Y, Crumpton AE, Ellwanger MA, McManus C, Aldridge S. Boryl Ancillary Ligands: Influencing Stability and Reactivity of Amidinato-Silanone and Germanone Systems in Ammonia Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202402795. [PMID: 38465783 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
While the nucleophilic addition of ammonia to ketones is an archetypal reaction in classical organic chemistry, the reactivity of heavier group 14 carbonyl analogues (R2E=O; E=Si, Ge, Sn, or Pb) with NH3 remains sparsely investigated, primarily due to the synthetic difficulties in accessing heavier ketone congeners. Herein, we present a room-temperature stable boryl-substituted amidinato-silanone {(HCDippN)2B}{PhC(tBuN)2}Si=O (Dipp=2,6-iPr2C6H3) (together with its germanone analogue), formed from the corresponding silylene under a N2O atmosphere. This system reacts cleanly with ammonia in 1,2-fashion to give an isolable sila-hemiaminal complex {(HCDippN)2B}{PhC(tBuN)2}Si(OH)(NH2). Quantum chemical calculations reveal that the formation of this sila-hemiaminal is crucially dependent on the nature of the ancillary ligand scaffold. It is facilitated thermodynamically by the hemi-lability of the amidinate ligand (which allows for the formation of an energetically critical intramolecular N⋅⋅⋅HO hydrogen bond within the product) and is enabled mech-anistically by a process in which the silanone initially acts in umpolung fashion as a base (rather than an acid), due to the strongly electron-releasing and sterically bulky nature of the ancillary boryl ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Wang
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Agamemnon E Crumpton
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Mathias A Ellwanger
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Caitilín McManus
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
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20
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Brunard E, Boquet V, Saget T, Sosa Carrizo ED, Sircoglou M, Dauban P. Catalyst-Controlled Intermolecular Homobenzylic C(sp 3)-H Amination for the Synthesis of β-Arylethylamines. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5843-5854. [PMID: 38387076 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The combination of a tailored sulfamate with a C4-symmetrical rhodium(II) tetracarboxylate allows to uncover a selective intermolecular amination of unactivated homobenzylic C(sp3)-H bonds. The reaction has a broad scope (>30 examples) and proceeds with a high level of regioselectivity with homobenzylic/benzylic ratio of up to 35:1, thereby providing a direct access to β-arylethylamines that are of utmost interest in medicinal chemistry. Computational investigations evidenced a concerted mechanism, involving an asynchronous transition state. Based on a combined activation strain model and energy decomposition analysis, the regioselectivity of the reaction was found to rely mainly on the degree of orbital interaction between the [Rh2]-nitrene and the C-H bond. The latter is facilitated at the homobenzylic position due to the establishment of specific noncovalent interactions within the catalytic pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Brunard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Vincent Boquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Tanguy Saget
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Marie Sircoglou
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Philippe Dauban
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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21
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Werner L, Radius U. How to Decarbonize N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs): The simple Alane Adducts (NHC) ⋅ AlR 3 (R=H, Me, Et). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202403639. [PMID: 38446008 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of the amine-stabilized alane (NMe3) ⋅ AlH3 1 with the backbone-saturated N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) SIDipp (SIDipp=1,3-bis-{2,6-di-iso-propyl-phenyl}-imidazolidin-2-ylidene) at 0 °C yielded the NHC alane adduct (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2. Reaction at elevated temperatures or prolonged reaction at room temperature gave the product of a ring expansion reaction (RER) of the NHC, (NMe3) ⋅ AlH(RER-SIDippH2) 3 ⋅ (NMe3). Subsequent reaction of the latter with sterically less hindered NHCs (IMeMe {=1,3,4,5-tetramethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene}, IiPrMe {=1,3-di-iso-propyl-4,5-dimethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene}, and IiPr {=1,3-di-iso-propyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene}) afforded the NHC-stabilized RER-products (NHC) ⋅ AlH(RER-SIDippH2) 3 ⋅ (NHC) (NHC=IMeMe, IiPrMe, IiPr), while no reaction was observed with the sterically more demanding NHCs IDipp (=1,3-bis-{2,6-di-iso-propyl-phenyl}-imidazolin-2-ylidene), SIDipp and ItBu (=1,3-di-tert-butyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene). The compounds 3 ⋅ (NHC) were also obtained starting from (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2 and NHC at room temperature. Heating solutions of (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2 without additional base to 95 °C resulted in decarbonization of the NHC and substitution of the carbene carbon atom with aluminum hydride under loss of ethene. Subsequent dimerization afforded cis-[AlH{μ-N(Dipp)CH2CH2N(Dipp)}]2 4_dimer. Heating solutions of the NHC-ligated aluminum alkyls (SIDipp) ⋅ AlR3 2R (R=Me, Et) to 145 °C instead led to complete scission of the NHC backbone with evolution of ethene and isolation of the dialkylaluminium(III) amidinates {DippNC(R)NDipp}AlR2 5R (R=Me, Et).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Werner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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22
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Davison N, Hemingway JM, Waddell PG, Lu E. Lithium, sodium and potassium enolate aggregates and monomers: syntheses and structures. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4719-4728. [PMID: 38362928 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00211c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In this Article, we report the syntheses and comparative structural studies of lithium, sodium, and potassium anthracen-9-yl enolates, as their aggregates (Li, Na: hexamer; K: tetramer) and ligand-stabilized monomers (for Li and Na). The monomers add new members to the rare collection of group-1 metal monomeric enolates. Moreover, the series covers different group-1 metal cations (Li+, Na+ and K+) and aggregate sizes, allowing comparative structural studies to elucidate how the metal identity and aggregate size influence the enolate structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Davison
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Jack M Hemingway
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Paul G Waddell
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Erli Lu
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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23
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Rajput S, Sahoo RK, Sarkar N, Nembenna S. Gallium Hydride-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Unsaturated Organic Substrates. Chempluschem 2024:e202300737. [PMID: 38437065 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The first examples of tetrasubstituted conjugated bis-guanidinate (CBG) supported monomeric and thermally stable gallium dihalides [LGaX2], (X=Cl (Ga-Cl), I (Ga-I)) and dihydride (Ga-H) [LGaH2] (where L={(ArHN)(ArN)-C=N-C=(NAr)(NHAr)}; Ar=2,6-Et2-C6H3) compounds are reported. The reaction of in situ generated LLi with 1.0 equiv. GaX3 (X=Cl, I) afforded compounds Ga-Cl and Ga-I. The reaction between Ga-Cl and Li[HBEt3] in benzene yielded the dihydride compound Ga-H. All reported compounds (Ga-Cl, Ga-I, and Ga-H) were characterized by NMR, HRMS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Ga-H was probed for the hydroboration of carbodiimides (CDI), isocyanates, and isothiocyanates with HBpin. Compound Ga-H was also found effective for the catalytic hydroboration of imines, nitriles, alkynes, esters, and formates, affording the corresponding products in quantitative yields. Stoichiometric reactions with a CDI were performed to establish the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagrika Rajput
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
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24
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Chen C, Du R, Tang J, Wang B, Li F, Zhang Z, Yu G. Characterization of microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter in freshwater: Effects of light irradiation and polymer types. Environ Int 2024; 185:108536. [PMID: 38471263 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the impacts of light irradiation and polymer types on the leaching behavior of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from microplastics (MPs) in freshwater. Polypropylene had the highest leaching capacity of DOM after photoaging, followed by polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). While similarly low levels of DOM were observed in the remaining 5 MP suspensions under UV irradiation and in almost all MP suspensions (except PA) under darkness. These suggest that the photooxidation of some buoyant plastics may influence the carbon cycling of nature waters. Among 9 MP-derived leachates, PET leachates had the highest chromophoric DOM concentration and aromaticity, probably owing to the special benzene rings and carbonyl groups in PET structures and its fast degradation rate. Protein-like substances were the primary fluorescent DOM in MP suspensions (except PS), especially in darkness no other fluorescent substances were found. Considering the bio-labile properties of proteins together, MPs regardless of floating or suspended in an aquatic environment may have prevalent long-term effects on microbial activities. Besides, from monomers to hexamers with newly formed chemical bonds were identified in UV-irradiated MP suspensions. These results will contribute to a deep insight into the potential ecological effects related to MP degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhao Chen
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Roujia Du
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China; School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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25
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Sun Q, Xu Y, Yang L, Zheng CL, Wang G, Wang HB, Fang Z, Wang CS, Guo K. Direct C-H Sulfuration: Synthesis of Disulfides, Dithiocarbamates, Xanthates, Thiocarbamates and Thiocarbonates. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400124. [PMID: 38421239 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In light of the important biological activities and widespread applications of organic disulfides, dithiocarbamates, xanthates, thiocarbamates and thiocarbonates, the continual persuit of efficient methods for their synthesis remains crucial. Traditionally, the preparation of such compounds heavily relied on intricate multi-step syntheses and the use of highly prefunctionalized starting materials. Over the past two decades, the direct sulfuration of C-H bonds has evolved into a straightforward, atom- and step-economical method for the preparation of organosulfur compounds. This review aims to provide an up-to-date discussion on direct C-H disulfuration, dithiocarbamation, xanthylation, thiocarbamation and thiocarbonation, with a special focus on describing scopes and mechanistic aspects. Moreover, the synthetic limitations and applications of some of these methodologies, along with the key unsolved challenges to be addressed in the future are also discussed. The majority of examples covered in this review are accomplished via metal-free, photochemical or electrochemical approaches, which are in alignment with the overraching objectives of green and sustainable chemistry. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate recent advancements, providing valuable insights into the dynamic landscape of efficient and sustainable synthetic strategies for these crucial classes of organosulfur compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Sun
- School of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Chun-Ling Zheng
- School of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Guowei Wang
- School of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Zheng Fang
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Chang-Sheng Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Kai Guo
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
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26
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Paez-Ornelas JI, Takeuchi N, Guerrero-Sánchez J. Towards understanding the first half-ALD cycle of Ag growth: adsorption and dissociation of silver(I) acetamidinates on the Ag(110) surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:7468-7474. [PMID: 38353600 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05448a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The advancement of atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques for the controlled growth of transition metal thin films is constantly growing due to the design and synthesis of novel organometallic (OM) precursors capable of facilitating precise deposition and clean film growth. In this context, acetamidinates have emerged as a highly promising family of OM precursors due to their exceptional attributes, including outstanding stability, favorable volatility, and reactivity at low evaporation and deposition temperatures. These unique properties make them a sought-after candidate for enabling ALD processes. Here we conducted an atomic-scale study to get an in-depth understanding of the first ALD partial reaction, which involves the adsorption and dissociation process of the silver acetamidinate on the Ag(110) surface. Our research sheds light on the multistep adsorption and breaking mechanism of the novel silver(I)-N,N'-dimethylacetamidinate precursor employed as the silver source. Since the difference in energy between the monomer and dimer phases of the precursor is only 1.92 eV, we have explored the adsorption states of both phases. The monomer adsorbs on the surface by occupying hollow (H) sites; after that, it dissociates and loses its ligand, adopting a perpendicular geometry via the formation of new Ag-N bonds with the pair of N atoms at the top sites of the surface. On the other hand, the dimer adsorbs on long-bridge sites (LB) with the pair of N atoms occupying top sites with the silver atoms from the surface. Next, the dimer loses a pair of N-Ag bonds on each ligand, reaching a more stable state of partial cleavage with a relative energy of -0.38 eV. After overcoming an energy barrier of 0.41 eV, the dimer loses the remaining pair of N-Ag bonds, and the silver atoms diffuse towards H sites. Finally, the ligands diffuse toward the adjacent channel in the [100] direction of the surface. A charge distribution analysis of the adsorption stages shows the evolution of the silver atoms from precursor to the metallic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Paez-Ornelas
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
| | - Noboru Takeuchi
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
| | - J Guerrero-Sánchez
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
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27
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Kleinpeter E, Koch A. Carbones (-C 2--), carbenes (-C:-) and carbodications (-C 2+-) on the magnetic criterion. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1907-1914. [PMID: 38353143 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00063c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The spatial magnetic properties, particularly the through-space NMR shieldings (TSNMRSs, the anisotropy effect in 1H NMR spectroscopy) of carbenes, carbones and carbodication (carbo2+) compounds (with and without stabilization by NMe2 π-donation) and those of a number of carbo2+ analogues have been calculated using the GIAO perturbation method, employing the nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) concept, and visualized as iso-chemical-shielding surfaces (ICSS) of various sizes and directions. TSNMRSs prove the electronic structure of carbo2+ compounds to be completely different from those of carbenes and carbones, preferring both the π-electron distribution and the structure of allenes/cumulenes despite the central carbon atom being the most electrophilic centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich Kleinpeter
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam(Golm), Germany.
| | - Andreas Koch
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam(Golm), Germany.
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28
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Sansores-Paredes MG, Wendel M, Lutz M, Moret ME. Reactivity of Nickel Complexes Bearing P(C=X)P Ligands (X = O, N) Toward Diazoalkanes: Evidence for Phosphorus Ylide Intermediates. Organometallics 2024; 43:506-514. [PMID: 38425383 PMCID: PMC10900526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Nickel carbenes are attracting attention for the development of more sustainable catalysts, among others, for cyclopropanation. Intramolecular trapping of a nickel carbene intermediate with an olefin incorporated in a P(C=C)P Ni pincer complex had previously allowed the isolation of a nickelacyclobutane intermediate and a detailed characterization of its reactivity. Herein, we report the reactivity of related nickel pincer complexes bearing a ketone P(C=O)P or an imine P(C=N)P with diazoalkanes as the carbene precursor. The observed reactivity suggests, in both cases, the reaction of the transient nickel carbene with one of the phosphine arms to form phosphorus ylides that subsequently react with the unsaturated backbone. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to shed light on the mechanisms of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María
L. G. Sansores-Paredes
- Organic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Max Wendel
- Organic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Structural
Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of
Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc-Etienne Moret
- Organic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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29
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Ackermann MT, Szlosek R, Riesinger C, Seidl M, Timoshkin AY, Rivard E, Scheer M. NHC-Stabilized Mixed Group 13/14/15 Element Hydrides. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303680. [PMID: 38009601 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses of novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) adducts of group 13, 14 and 15 element hydrides are reported. Salt metathesis reactions between NaPH2 and IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 OTf (1) (IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) led to mixtures of the two isomers IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 PH2 (2 a) and IDipp ⋅ BH2 GeH2 PH2 (2 b); by altering the reaction conditions an almost exclusive formation of 2 b was achieved. Attempts to purify mixtures of 2 a and 2 b by re-crystallization from THF afforded a salt [IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 ⋅ IDipp][PHGeH2 BH2 PH2 BH2 GeH2 ] (4) that contains the novel anionic cyclohexyl-like inorganic heterocycle [PHGeH2 BH2 PH2 BH2 GeH2 ]- . In addition, the borane adducts IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 PH2 BH3 (3 a) and IDipp ⋅ BH2 GeH2 PH2 BH3 (3 b) as even longer chain compounds were obtained from reactions of 2 a/2 b with H3 B ⋅ SMe2 and were studied by NMR spectroscopy. Accompanying DFT computations give insight into the mechanism and energetics associated with 2 a/2 b isomerization as well as their decomposition pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T Ackermann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Szlosek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Riesinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of General and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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30
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Sun L, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Qiu Y. A theoretical study on the second-order nonlinear optical properties of Pt(II) bis-acetylide complexes: substituent and redox effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6862-6871. [PMID: 38329283 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Density functional theory studies on the geometric and electronic structures, UV-vis absorption spectra, and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of four-coordinate Pt(II) bis-acetylide complexes, cis-[Pt(CNtBu)(ADC)(CCR)2] , have been employed. The effects of ligand variation and the single electron redox process on the structures and NLO response of complexes have also been investigated. It shows that the variations of the ligand and electron have little effect on the geometries of the complexes, but there is a significant effect on their electronic structures and NLO responses. The introduction of a single -NO2 group in acetylide ligands increases the first hyperpolarizability of complex 12 times, while one electron lost in five complexes enhances the first hyperpolarizability 496 times at the most. Both methods are considered effective ways for improving the NLO response of Pt(II) bis-acetylide complexes. Based on the analysis of the electronic and optical properties of fifteen studied complexes, the increase of NLO response is mainly ascribed to strong oscillator strengths, lower electron transition energy, and well-directed effective charge transfer. This work reveals some underlying relationships between the NLO responses and electronic structures of complexes, which is helpful for the design and synthesis of high-performance NLO materials of Pt(II) bis-acetylide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Sun
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Yingying Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Yongqing Qiu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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31
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Song H, Li M, You SL. Z-Retentive Asymmetric Allylic Substitution Reactions of Aldimine Esters under Ru/Cu Dual Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4333-4339. [PMID: 38324359 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Ru/Cu dual catalysis has been applied for Z-retentive asymmetric allylic substitution reactions of aldimine esters. This reaction provides an enantioselective synthesis of chiral Z-olefins in high yields (up to 91% yield) with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 98% ee) under mild conditions. The previously unreacted trisubstituted allylic electrophiles under Ir catalytic system are found to be compatible, affording the stereoretentive products in either Z- or E-form. Both linear and branched allylic electrophiles are suitable substrates with excellent reaction outcomes. Notably, Ru and Cu complexes are added in one-pot and simplifies the manipulation of this protocol and self-sorting phenomena could be observed in this Ru/Cu dual catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Muzi Li
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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32
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Tang Y, Huang M, Ding S, Liu X, Huyang X, Wang B, Guo H. Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective [4+2] Cycloaddition of 4-Vinylbenzodioxinones with Barbiturate-Derived Alkenes: Con-struction of Chiral Spirobarbiturate-Chromanes. Chemistry 2024:e202400302. [PMID: 38380868 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, Pd-catalyzed [4+2] decarboxylative cycloaddition of 4-vinylbenzodioxinones with barbiturate-derived alkenes has been developed, leading to various spirobarbiturate-chromane derivatives in high yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The scale-up reaction and further derivation of the product were demonstrated. A plausible reaction mechanism was also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R., China
| | - Mingxia Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R., China
| | - Siyuan Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R., China
| | - Xinyao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R., China
| | - Xiaochun Huyang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R., China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R., China
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Si WD, Zhang C, Zhou M, Wang Z, Feng L, Tung CH, Sun D. Arylgold nanoclusters: Phenyl-stabilized Au 44 with thermal-controlled NIR single/dual-channel phosphorescence. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadm6928. [PMID: 38354237 PMCID: PMC10866543 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm6928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Arylation of gold holds paramount importance in the domain of organometallic chemistry; however, the exploration of arylgold nanoclusters remains in its infancy primarily due to the synthetic challenge. Here, we present a facile and effective arylation strategy to directly synthesize two arylgold nanoclusters (Au44a and Au44b), by using tetraarylborates, capable of transferring aryl fragments to metal centers. X-ray crystallography reveals that both Au44 nanoclusters contain an Au44 kernel co-protected by six aryl groups, two tetrahydrothiophene, and 16 alkynyl-ether ligands, the latter is generated in situ through Williamson ether reaction during the assembly processes. Notably, Au44 nanoclusters exhibit near-infrared (NIR) phosphorescence (λmax = 958 nm) and microsecond radiative relaxation at ambient condition, which is a thermal-controlled single/dual-channel phosphorescent emission revealed by temperature-dependent NIR, time-resolved emission, and femtosecond/nanosecond transition absorption spectra. This work represents a breakthrough in using aryl as protective ligands for the construction of gold nanoclusters, which is poised to have a transformative impact on organometallic nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dan Si
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengkai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
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Alonso C, Cabeza JA, García-Álvarez P, García-Soriano R, Pérez-Carreño E. Amidinatotetrylenes Donor Functionalized on Both N Atoms: Structures and Coordination Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3118-3128. [PMID: 38289155 PMCID: PMC10865366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
E(hmds)(bqfam) (E = Ge (1a), Sn (1b); hmds = N(SiMe3)2, bqfam = N,N'-bis(quinol-8-yl)formamidinate), which are amidinatotetrylenes equipped with quinol-8-yl fragments on the amidinate N atoms, have been synthesized from the formamidine Hbqfam and Ge(hmds)2 or SnCl(hmds). Both 1a and 1b are fluxional in solution at room temperature, as the E atom oscillates from being attached to the two amidinate N atoms to being chelated by an amidinate N atom and its closest quinolyl N atom (both situations are similarly stable according to density functional theory calculations). The hmds group of 1a and 1b is still reactive and the deprotonation of another equivalent of Hbqfam can be achieved, allowing the formation of the homoleptic derivatives E(bqfam)2 (E = Ge, Sn). The reactions of 1a and 1b with [AuCl(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene), [PdCl2(MeCN)2], [PtCl2(cod)] (cod = cycloocta-1,5-diene), [Ru3(CO)12] and [Co2(CO)8] have been investigated. The gold(I) complexes [AuCl{κE-E(hmds)(bqfam)}] (E = Ge, Sn) have a monodentate κE-tetrylene ligand and display fluxional behavior in solution the same as that of 1a and 1b. However, the palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes [MCl{κ3E,N,N'-ECl(hmds)(bqfam)}] (M = Pd, Pt; E = Ge, Sn) contain a κ3E,N,N'-chloridotetryl ligand that arises from the insertion of the tetrylene E atom into an M-Cl bond and the coordination of an amidinate N atom and its closest quinolyl N atom to the metal center. Finally, the binuclear ruthenium(0) and cobalt(0) complexes [Ru2{μE-κ3E,N,N'-E(hmds)(bqfam)}(CO)6] and [Co2{μE-κ3E,N,N'-E(hmds)(bqfam)}(μ-CO)(CO)4] (E = Ge, Sn) have a related κ3E,N,N'-tetrylene ligand that bridges two metal atoms through the E atom. For the κ3E,N,N'-metal complexes, the quinolyl fragment not attached to the metal is pendant in all the germanium compounds but, for the tin derivatives, is attached to (in the Pd and Pt complexes) or may interact with (in the Ru2 and Co2 complexes) the tin atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Alonso
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada ORFEO−CINQA, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Javier A. Cabeza
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada ORFEO−CINQA, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo García-Álvarez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada ORFEO−CINQA, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rubén García-Soriano
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada ORFEO−CINQA, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Enrique Pérez-Carreño
- Departamento
de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
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Parveen D, Yadav RK, Roy DK. Recent progress in beryllium organometallic chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1663-1673. [PMID: 38260953 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04844f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Beryllium possesses a unique amalgamation of characteristics, its electronegativity included, that not only make it a vital component in a wide range of technical sectors and consumer industries, but also make it an interesting candidate for forming covalently bonded compounds. However, the extremely toxic nature of beryllium, which can cause chronic beryllium disease, has limited the exploration of its chemistry, making beryllium one of the least studied (non-radioactive) elements. The development of selective chelating ligands, sterically encumbered substituents and, moreover, the boom of N-heterocyclic carbenes in organometallic chemistry and main group chemistry has revived the interest in beryllium chemistry. Therefore, some quite remarkable progress in the coordination and organometallic chemistry of beryllium has been made in the last two decades. For example, low oxidation state beryllium compounds, antiaromatic/aromatic beryllium compounds, where beryllium is involved in π-electron delocalization, and the isolation of beryllium-beryllium bonded species have all been achieved. This article provides an oversight over the recent developments in the organometallic chemistry of beryllium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darakshan Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India.
| | - Rahul Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India.
| | - Dipak Kumar Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India.
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Iizuka K, Maegawa Y, Shimoyama Y, Sakamoto K, Kayakiri N, Goto Y, Naganawa Y, Tanaka S, Yoshida M, Inagaki S, Nakajima Y. Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction Using Palladium Catalysts Supported on Phosphine Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303159. [PMID: 38018377 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Phosphine periodic mesoporous organosilicas (R-P-PMO-TMS: R=Ph, tBu), which possess electron-donating alkyl substituents on the phosphorus atom, were synthesized using bifunctional compounds with alkoxysilyl- and phosphino groups, bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]phenylphosphine borane (1 a) and bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]-tert-butylphosphine borane (1 b). Immobilization of Pd(0) species was performed to give R-P-Pd-PMO-TMS: R=Ph (2 a), tBu (3 a), respectively. The Pd(0) immobilized 2 a and 3 a were applicable as catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of aryl chlorides with phenylboronic acid. It was revealed that 3 a bearing more electron-donating tBu groups exhibited higher catalytic activity. Various functional groups including both electron withdrawing and donating substituents were compatible in the system. The recyclability of 3 a was examined to support its moderate utility for the recycle use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Iizuka
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiro Shimoyama
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kayakiri
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Goto
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Naganawa
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Shinji Inagaki
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1192, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
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Tang Y, Zhang R, Dong Y, Yu S, Wu Y, Xiao Y, Guo H. 4-Vinylbenzodioxinones as a new type of precursor for palladium-catalyzed (4+3) cycloaddition of azomethine imines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1436-1439. [PMID: 38206119 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06012h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, benzo-fused cyclic carbonates were designed and synthesized as a new type of precursor of π-allylpalladium zwitterionic intermediates, and were applied in Pd-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective (4+3) cycloaddition with C,N-cyclic azomethine imines, leading to various biologically important 1,3,4-benzoxadiazepine derivatives in 43-99% yields with 6 : 1 to >20 : 1 dr and up to 95% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Rulei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yujie Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Songcheng Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yumei Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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38
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Coburger P, Zuber D, Schweinzer C, Scharnhölz M. Phosphonium-substituted Diphosphaindenylide (PPI): Exploration of Biradical Character and Ligand Properties. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302970. [PMID: 38032060 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Starting from C6 H4 (PCl2 )2 and the TMS-substituted ylide (TMS)2 C=PR3 (TMS=trimethylsilyl, R=p-tolyl), the phosphonium-substituted diphosphaindenylide PPI was prepared in two steps. CASSCF calculations as well as the reactivity toward diphenyl acetylene suggest a notable biradical character in PPI. Reaction with [Cr(CO)3 (MeCN)3 ] affords the complex [Cr(CO)3 (η5 -PPI)] (5). This complex was employed to explore the ligand properties of PPI, which demonstrates considerable potential through the combination of strong metal-ligand interactions and the possibility of a pronounced indenyl effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Coburger
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, TU München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - David Zuber
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, TU München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Clara Schweinzer
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Moritz Scharnhölz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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39
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Sinitsa DK, Pylova EK, Mironova OA, Bashirov DA, Ryadun AA, Sukhikh TS, Konchenko SN. Lanthanide complexes with a new luminescent iminophosphonamide ligand bearing phenylbenzothiazole substituents. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2181-2192. [PMID: 38192261 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03511e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
A new iminophosphonamine Ph2P(HNPbt)(NPbt) (1, HL) bearing chromophore 2-(phen-2'-yl)-1,3-benzothiazole (Pbt) substituents was synthesized and introduced into lanthanide complexes. It was found that salt metathesis reactions between KL (2) generated in situ and LnCl3 lead to the formation of tris-iminophosphonamide complexes [LnL2]L (Ln = Y (3), Sm (4), Gd (5), Dy (6)), regardless of the 2/LnCl3 ratio. Compounds 3-6 consist of a cationic fragment [LnL2]+, where the lanthanide atom is surrounded by two rigidly κ4-coordinated ligands, and an L- anion residing in the outer coordination sphere. Iminophosphonamine 1 shows a rare excitation wavelength-dependent two-band luminescence in the solid state. For compounds containing the deprotonated form, namely potassium salt KL and complexes of Gd and Dy, a single-band luminescence with the color changing from turquoise to orange was observed. The Sm complex reveals a set of a few narrow well-resolved bands corresponding to the f-f transitions against the background of the outer-sphere ligand's emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry K Sinitsa
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina K Pylova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
- Department of Natural Sciences, National Research University-Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, National School of Chemistry Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Olga A Mironova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Denis A Bashirov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Alexey A Ryadun
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Taisiya S Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Sergey N Konchenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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40
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Bilyachenko AN, Khrustalev VN, Dorovatovskii PV, Shul'pina LS, Ikonnikov NS, Shubina ES, Lobanov NN, Aliyeva VA, Nunes AVM, Mahmudov KT, Kozlov YN, Pombeiro AJL. Fe(III)-Based Phenylsilsesquioxane/Acetylacetonate Complexes: Synthesis, Cage-like Structure, and High Catalytic Activity. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1909-1918. [PMID: 38215459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Unprecedented iron-based silsesquioxane/acetylacetonate complexes were synthesized. The intriguing cage-like structure of compounds is alkaline metal-dependent: the Fe2Li2 complex includes condensed Si6-silsesquioxane and four acetylacetonate ligands; the Fe4Na4 complex exhibits two cyclic Si4-silsesquioxane and eight acetylacetonate ligands, while the Fe3K3 complex features two cyclic Si3-silsesquioxane and six acetylacetonate ligands. The latter case is the very first observation of small trimeric silsesquioxane ligands in the composition of cage-like metallasilsesquioxanes. The Fe4Na4-based complex exhibits a record high activity in the oxidation of inert alkanes with peroxides (55% yield of oxygenates in cyclohexane oxidation). It also acts as a catalyst in the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides, leading to cyclic carbonates in good yields (58-96%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Bilyachenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Pl., Moscow 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Lidia S Shul'pina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S Ikonnikov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai N Lobanov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Vusala A Aliyeva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Ana V M Nunes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Kamran T Mahmudov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Excellence Center, Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Baku Az 1148, Azerbaijan
| | - Yuriy N Kozlov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Ulitsa Kosygina, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyannyi Pereulok, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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41
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Sanz-Garrido J, Martin A, González-Arellano C, Flores JC. Half-sandwich Ni(II) complexes bearing enantiopure bidentate NHC-carboxylate ligands: efficient catalysts for the hydrosilylative reduction of acetophenones. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1460-1468. [PMID: 38126394 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03739h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Chiral nickel complexes containing NHC-carboxylate chelate ligands derived from the (S)-isomeric form of amino acids have been synthesised from the corresponding imidazolium salt and nickelocene. The presence of the carboxylate on the N-side arm of the heterocycle results in the competing formation of mixtures of mono- and bis-NHC complexes (i.e., [Ni(η5-Cp)(κ2-C,O-NHC)] and [Ni(κ2-C,O-NHC)2]), both of which retain the (S)-configuration of the stereogenic center and which can be separated by chromatography. Both the 18e- and 16e- complexes are found to be very stable and cannot be interconverted. The composition of the resulting mixtures depends mainly on the entity of the amino acid residue and, of more practical interest, on the reaction conditions. Thus, microwave heating and MeCN as a solvent favor the formation of the half-sandwich nickel complexes, rather than the bis-NHC compounds. Some of the [Ni(η5-Cp)(κ2-C,O-NHC)] complexes turn out to be among the best nickel catalysts for the hydrosilylative reduction of p-acetophenones described to date, although without chiral induction, in the absence of activating additives and under mild catalytic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Sanz-Garrido
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Avelino Martin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Camino González-Arellano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan C Flores
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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42
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Anderson DE, Tortajada A, Hevia E. New Frontiers in Organosodium Chemistry as Sustainable Alternatives to Organolithium Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313556. [PMID: 37801443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
With their highly reactive respective C-Na and N-Na bonds, organosodium and sodium amide reagents could be viewed as obvious replacements or even superior reagents to the popular, widely utilised organolithiums. However, they have seen very limited applications in synthesis due mainly to poor solubility in common solvents and their limited stability. That notwithstanding in recent years there has been a surge of interest in bringing these sustainable metal reagents into the forefront of organometallics in synthesis. Showcasing the growth in utilisation of organosodium complexes within several areas of synthetic chemistry, this Minireview discusses promising new methods that have been recently reported with the goal of taming these powerful reagents. Special emphasis is placed on coordination and aggregation effects in these reagents which can impart profound changes in their solubility and reactivity. Differences in observed reactivity between more nucleophilic aryl and alkyl sodium reagents and the less nucleophilic but highly basic sodium amides are discussed along with current mechanistic understanding of their reactivities. Overall, this review aims to inspire growth in this exciting field of research to allow for the integration of organosodium complexes within common important synthetic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Anderson
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreu Tortajada
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eva Hevia
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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43
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O'Reilly A, Gardiner MG, McMullin CL, Fulton JR, Coles MP. Aluminyl derived ethene functionalization with heteroallenes, leading to an intramolecular ligand rearrangement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:881-884. [PMID: 38165276 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05785b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The aluminacyclopropane K[Al(NON)(η-C2H4)] ([NON]2- = [O(SiMe2NDipp)2]2-, Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) reacts with CO2 and iPrNCNiPr to afford ring-expanded products of C-C bond formation. The latter system undergoes a 1,3-silyl retro-Brook rearrangement of the NON-group, to afford the [NNO]2- ligand ([NNO]2- = [N(Dipp)SiMe2N(Dipp)SiMe2O]2-). The mechanism of transformation was examined by density functional theory (DFT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea O'Reilly
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | | | - J Robin Fulton
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.
| | - Martyn P Coles
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.
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Lamprecht A, Arrowsmith M, Dietz M, Fuchs S, Rempel A, Härterich M, Braunschweig H. Synthesis, reduction and C-H activation chemistry of azaborinines with redox-active organoboryl substituents. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1004-1013. [PMID: 38088750 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03826b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The 2,3,4,5,6-pentaphenyl-1,2-azaborinin-1-yl (PPAB) potassium complex 1 undergoes facile salt metathesis with 9,10-dibromo-9,10-dihydroboraanthracene (DBABr2), 5-bromodibenzo[b,d]borole (DBBBr), 1-chlorotetraphenylborole (TPBCl) and dibromo(phenyl)borane (BBr2Ph) to yield the corresponding N-borylated azaborinines N-DBABr-PPAB (2, which hydrolyses and dimerises to the oxo-bridged N,N'-O(DBA)2-(PPAB)2, 3), N,N'-DBA-(PPAB)2 (4), N-DBB-PPAB (5), N-PPB-PPAB (7) and N-BBrPh-PPBA (9). Stepwise reduction of 4 yields the corresponding stable radical anion 4˙- and dianion 42-. One-electron reduction of 5 with KC8 yields the purple radical anion 5˙-, which forms a highly insoluble coordination polymer. 5˙- undergoes very slow radical intramolecular ortho-C-H activation at the C4-phenyl substituent of the PPAB moiety, yielding a BN-analogue of the 5,5'-spiro-bi[dibenzoborole] anion, [6]K. Compound 7 cannot be isolated and undergoes spontaneous and diastereoselective 2,5-anti-addition of the ortho-C-H bond of the PPAB C4-phenyl substituent to yield a novel BNB-analogue of the triply fused dihydrocyclopenta[l]phenanthrene cation, compound 8. Finally the one-electron reduction of 9 results in the ortho-C-H activation of the PPAB C4-phenyl substituent at an in situ-generated dicoordinate boryl anion (10), resulting in the formation of a BNB-analogue of 9H-fluorene, the borate 11-. DFT calculations provide a rationale for the diverse C-H activations observed in these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lamprecht
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Fuchs
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Rempel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Kleinpeter E, Koch A. Carbones - A Classification on the Magnetic Criterion. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300826. [PMID: 37966046 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbones (carbodiphosphoranes, bent allenes and chalcogen-stabilized carbones) bear the same resonance contributor X+ -C2- -Y+ (X+ , Y+ =PR3 + , CR2 + , SR2 + , SeR2 + , S+ R2 =NR) and exhibit unique bonding and donating properties at the central carbon atom. A classification is given on basis of both the geometry and the magnetic properties (13 C chemical shift of the central carbon atom and the spatial magnetic properties, through-space NMR shieldings (TS NMRSs), actually the anisotropy effect or the ring current effect of aromatic species). TS NMRS values have been calculated using the GIAO perturbation method employing the nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) concept and the results visualized as iso-chemical-shielding surfaces (ICSS) of various size and direction. The synergy of geometry (linear or bent, orthogonal or twisted structures) and NMR characteristics (extend of the high field shift of the central carbon atom, anisotropy effect of the allene-like C=C double bonds or the ball-like anisotropy effect of carbone-like central carbon atom) provides a comprehensive picture of the dominating resonance contributor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich Kleinpeter
- Chemisches Institut der Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476, Potsdam (Golm), Germany
| | - Andreas Koch
- Chemisches Institut der Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476, Potsdam (Golm), Germany
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Gutiérrez-Blanco M, Algarra AG, Guillamón E, Fernández-Trujillo MJ, Oliva M, Basallote MG, Llusar R, Safont VS. Spin-Crossing in the ( Z)-Selective Alkyne Semihydrogenation Mechanism Catalyzed by Mo 3S 4 Clusters: A Density Functional Theory Exploration. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1000-1009. [PMID: 38173271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Semihydrogenation of internal alkynes catalyzed by the air-stable imidazolyl amino [Mo3S4Cl3(ImNH2)3]+ cluster selectively affords the (Z)-alkene under soft conditions in excellent yields. Experimental results suggest a sulfur-based mechanism with the formation of a dithiolene adduct through interaction of the alkyne with the bridging sulfur atoms. However, computational studies indicate that this mechanism is unable to explain the experimental outcome: mild reaction conditions, excellent selectivity toward the (Z)-isomer, and complete deuteration of the vinylic positions in the presence of CD3OD and CH3OD. An alternative mechanism that explains the experimental results is proposed. The reaction begins with the hydrogenation of two of the Mo3(μ3-S)(μ-S)3 bridging sulfurs to yield a bis(hydrosulfide) intermediate that performs two sequential hydrogen atom transfers (HAT) from the S-H groups to the alkyne. The first HAT occurs with a spin change from singlet to triplet. After the second HAT, the singlet state is recovered. Although the dithiolene adduct is more stable than the hydrosulfide species, the large energy required for the subsequent H2 addition makes the system evolve via the second alternative pathway to selectively render the (Z)-alkene with a lower overall activation barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gutiérrez-Blanco
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló 12071, Spain
| | - Andrés G Algarra
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Apartado 40, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Eva Guillamón
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló 12071, Spain
| | - M Jesús Fernández-Trujillo
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Apartado 40, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Mónica Oliva
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló 12071, Spain
| | - Manuel G Basallote
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Apartado 40, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Rosa Llusar
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló 12071, Spain
| | - Vicent S Safont
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló 12071, Spain
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Ye Y, Garrido-Barros P, Wellauer J, Cruz CM, Lescouëzec R, Wenger OS, Herrera JM, Jiménez JR. Luminescence and Excited-State Reactivity in a Heteroleptic Tricyanido Fe(III) Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:954-960. [PMID: 38156951 PMCID: PMC10786067 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Harnessing sunlight via photosensitizing molecules is key for novel optical applications and solar-to-chemical energy conversion. Exploiting abundant metals such as iron is attractive but becomes challenging due to typically fast nonradiative relaxation processes. In this work, we report on the luminescence and excited-state reactivity of the heteroleptic [FeIII(pzTp)(CN)3]- complex (pzTp = tetrakis(pyrazolyl)borate), which incorporates a σ-donating trispyrazolyl chelate ligand and three monodentate σ-donating and π-accepting cyanide ligands. Contrary to the nonemissive [Fe(CN)6]3-, a broad emission band centered at 600 nm at room temperature has been recorded for the heteroleptic analogue attributed to the radiative deactivation from a 2LMCT excited state with a luminescence quantum yield of 0.02% and a lifetime of 80 ps in chloroform at room temperature. Bimolecular reactivity of the 2LMCT excited state was successfully applied to different alcohol photo-oxidation, identifying a cyanide-H bonding as a key reaction intermediate. Finally, this research demonstrated the exciting potential of [Fe(pzTp)(CN)3]- as a photo-oxidant, paving the way for further exploration and development of emissive Fe-based photosensitizers competent for photochemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Ye
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada and Unidad de Excelencia en
Química (UEQ), Avenida Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido-Barros
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada and Unidad de Excelencia en
Química (UEQ), Avenida Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Joël Wellauer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlos M. Cruz
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada and Unidad de Excelencia en
Química (UEQ), Avenida Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Rodrigue Lescouëzec
- Institut
Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, F-75252 Paris Cedex
5, France
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juan Manuel Herrera
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada and Unidad de Excelencia en
Química (UEQ), Avenida Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan-Ramón Jiménez
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada and Unidad de Excelencia en
Química (UEQ), Avenida Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
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Bortolamiol E, Botter E, Cavarzerani E, Mauceri M, Demitri N, Rizzolio F, Visentin F, Scattolin T. Rational Design of Palladium(II) Indenyl and Allyl Complexes Bearing Phosphine and Isocyanide Ancillary Ligands with Promising Antitumor Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:345. [PMID: 38257258 PMCID: PMC10819880 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A new class of palladium-indenyl complexes characterized by the presence of one bulky alkyl isocyanide and one aryl phosphine serving as ancillary ligands has been prepared, presenting high yields and selectivity. All the new products were completely characterized using spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques (NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS), and, for most of them, it was also possible to define their solid-state structures via X-ray diffractometry, revealing that the indenyl fragment always binds to the metal centre with a hapticity intermediate between ƞ3 and ƞ5. A reactivity study carried out using piperidine as a nucleophilic agent proved that the indenyl moiety is the eligible site of attack rather than the isocyanide ligand or the metal centre. All complexes were tested as potential anticancer agents against three ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780, A2780cis, and OVCAR-5) and one breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231), displaying comparable activity with respect to cisplatin, which was used as a positive control. Moreover, the similar cytotoxicity observed towards A2780 and A2780cis cells (cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant, respectively) suggests that our palladium derivatives presumably act with a mechanism of action different than that of the clinically approved platinum drugs. For comparison, we also synthesized Pd-ƞ3-allyl derivatives, which generally showed a slightly higher activity towards ovarian cancer cells and lower activity towards breast cancer cells with respect to their Pd-indenyl congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Bortolamiol
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (E.C.); (M.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Eleonora Botter
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (E.C.); (M.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Enrico Cavarzerani
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (E.C.); (M.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Matteo Mauceri
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (E.C.); (M.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (E.C.); (M.M.); (F.R.)
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Fabiano Visentin
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (E.C.); (M.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Odena C, Gómez-Bengoa E, Martin R. Ring Walking Mediated by Ni-Ni Species as a Vehicle for Enabling Distal C(sp 2)-H Functionalization of Aryl Pivalates. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:112-117. [PMID: 38153272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the utilization of Ni-Ni species as a manifold for enabling a "ring-walking" event by dynamic translocation of the metal center over the arene backbone. Experimental and computational studies support a translocation occurring via a 1,2-hydride shift. The synthetic applicability of the method is illustrated in a series of C-C bond formations that occur at distal C(sp2)-H sites of simple aryl pivalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Odena
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Universidad País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 1072, 20080 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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50
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Targhan H, Rezaei A, Aliabadi A, Ramazani A, Zhao Z, Zheng H. Palladium-based pseudohomogeneous catalyst for highly selective aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols to aldehydes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:536. [PMID: 38177209 PMCID: PMC10766977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents a novel class of pseudohomogeneous catalysts (PHC) based on carbon quantum dots functionalized with terpyridine ligands (CQDs-Tpy) to immobilize and stabilize palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs). Extensive characterization techniques clearly confirmed the successful stabilization of Pd NPs on CQDs-Tpy. The effectiveness of the catalyst was demonstrated in the selective aerobic oxidation of primary and secondary of benzylic alcohols to aldehydes in the absence of additives and phase transfer catalyst (PTC). Remarkably, the reactions predominantly yielded aldehydes without further oxidation to carboxylic acids. By employing low catalyst loadings (0.13 mol%), high conversions (up to 89%) and excellent selectivity (> 99%) of the aldehyde derivatives were achieved. Moreover, the CQDs-Tpy/Pd NPs catalyst displayed suitable catalytic activity and recyclability, offering potential economic advantages. This promising approach opens up new opportunities in the field of catalysis for designing subnanometric metal-based PHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Targhan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aram Rezaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Alireza Aliabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
| | - Zhefei Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
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