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Pan S, Zhang Z, Pang W. The causal relationship between bacterial pneumonia and diabetes: a two-sample mendelian randomization study. Islets 2024; 16:2291885. [PMID: 38095344 PMCID: PMC10730180 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2023.2291885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies have established the high prevalence of bacterial pneumonia in diabetic patients, which in turn leads to increased mortality. However, the presence of a causal connection between bacterial pneumonia and diabetes remains unobserved. METHODS We chose genome-wide significant (Ρ < 1 × 10-5 and Ρ < 1 × 10-6) and independent (r2 < 0.001) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) to proceed a bidirectional two-sample MR study. The extracted SNPs explored the relationship between bacterial pneumonia and diabetes by Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. In addition, we conducted the Heterogeneity test, the Pleiotropy test, MR-presso and the Leave-one-out (LOO) sensitivity test to validate the reliability of results. RESULTS In an MR study with bacterial pneumonia as an exposure factor, four different types of diabetes as outcome. It was observed that bacterial pneumonia increases the incidence of GDM (OR = 1.150 (1.027-1.274, P = 0.011) and T1DM (OR = 1.277 (1.024-1.531), P = 0.016). In the reverse MR analysis, it was observed that GDM (OR = 1.112 (1.023-1.201, P = 0.009) is associated with an elevated risk of bacterial pneumonia. However, no significant association was observed bacterial pneumonia with T1DM and other types of diabetes (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study utilizing MR methodology yields robust evidence supporting a bidirectional causal association between bacterial pneumonia and GDM. Furthermore, our findings suggest a plausible causal link between bacterial pneumonia and T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songying Pan
- The School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhongqi Zhang
- The School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Weiyi Pang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
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Sylvester-Armstrong KR, Reeder CF, Powell A, Becker MW, Hagan DW, Chen J, Mathews CE, Wasserfall CH, Atkinson MA, Egerman R, Phelps EA. Serum from pregnant donors induces human beta cell proliferation. Islets 2024; 16:2334044. [PMID: 38533763 PMCID: PMC10978022 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2024.2334044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells are among the slowest replicating cells in the human body and have not been observed to increase in number except during the fetal and neonatal period, in cases of obesity, during puberty, as well as during pregnancy. Pregnancy is associated with increased beta cell mass to meet heightened insulin demands. This phenomenon raises the intriguing possibility that factors present in the serum of pregnant individuals may stimulate beta cell proliferation and offer insights into expansion of the beta cell mass for treatment and prevention of diabetes. The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that serum from pregnant donors contains bioactive factors capable of inducing human beta cell proliferation. An immortalized human beta cell line with protracted replication (EndoC-βH1) was cultured in media supplemented with serum from pregnant and non-pregnant female and male donors and assessed for differences in proliferation. This experiment was followed by assessment of proliferation of primary human beta cells. Sera from five out of six pregnant donors induced a significant increase in the proliferation rate of EndoC-βH1 cells. Pooled serum from the cohort of pregnant donors also increased the rate of proliferation in primary human beta cells. This study demonstrates that serum from pregnant donors stimulates human beta cell proliferation. These findings suggest the existence of pregnancy-associated factors that can offer novel avenues for beta cell regeneration and diabetes prevention strategies. Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific factors responsible for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Callie F. Reeder
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrece Powell
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew W. Becker
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - D. Walker Hagan
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine and University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Clayton E. Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine and University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Clive H. Wasserfall
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine and University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mark A. Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine and University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Robert Egerman
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Edward A. Phelps
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine and University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Lu J, Li Z, Yang Y, Wei F. Chronic exercise improves renal AT 1 and ETB receptor functions via modulating GRK4 expression in obese Zucker rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2323532. [PMID: 38471134 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2323532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity has profound benefits on health, especially in patients with cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Exercise training can reduce oxidative stress, improve renal function, and thus lower blood pressure. However, the effect of exercise training on angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1R) and endothelin subtype B receptors (ETBR)-mediated diuresis and natriuresis in obese Zucker rats is unclear. METHODS Lean and obese Zucker rats were exercised or placed on a nonmoving treadmill for 8 weeks. Blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography, and functions of AT1R and ETBR in the kidney were measured by natriuresis, respectively. RESULTS Our data showed that exercise training improved glucose and lipid metabolism, renal function and sodium excretion in obese Zucker rats, accompanied by decreased oxidative stress and GRK4 expression in obese Zucker rats. Moreover, exercise training reduced the Candesartan-induced an increase in diuresis and natriuresis and increased ETBR agonists (BQ3020)-mediated diuresis and natriuresis in obese Zucker rats, which were associated with decreased renal AT1R expression and ETBR phosphorylation levels. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that exercise training lowers blood pressure via improving renal AT1R and ETBR function through modulating GRK4 expression in Obese Zucker Rats and provides potentially effective targets for obesity-related hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengsheng Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yinan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Fangning Wei
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Ramirez M, Bastien E, Chae H, Gianello P, Gilon P, Bouzin C. 3D evaluation of the extracellular matrix of hypoxic pancreatic islets using light sheet fluorescence microscopy. Islets 2024; 16:2298518. [PMID: 38267218 PMCID: PMC10810165 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2023.2298518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes, but the survival and function of transplanted islets are hindered by the loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) during islet isolation and by low oxygenation upon implantation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hypoxia on ECM using a cutting-edge imaging approach based on tissue clearing and 3D microscopy. Human and rat islets were cultured under normoxic (O2 21%) or hypoxic (O2 1%) conditions. Immunofluorescence staining targeting insulin, glucagon, CA9 (a hypoxia marker), ECM proteins (collagen 4, fibronectin, laminin), and E-cadherin (intercellular adhesion protein) was performed on fixed whole islets. The cleared islets were imaged using Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM) and digitally analyzed. The volumetric analysis of target proteins did not show significant differences in abundance between the experimental groups. However, 3D projections revealed distinct morphological features that differentiated normoxic and hypoxic islets. Under normoxic conditions, ECM could be found throughout the islets. Hypoxic islets exhibited areas of scattered nuclei and central clusters of ECM proteins, indicating central necrosis. E-cadherin was absent in these areas. Our results, demonstrating a diminution of islets' functional mass in hypoxia, align with the functional decline observed in transplanted islets experiencing low oxygenation after grafting. This study provides a methodology combining tissue clearing, multiplex immunofluorescence, Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy, and digital image analysis to investigate pancreatic islet morphology. This 3D approach allowed us to highlight ECM organizational changes during hypoxia from a morphological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Ramirez
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Estelle Bastien
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heeyoung Chae
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
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Xu K, Nnyamah C, Pandya N, Sweis N, Corona-Avila I, Priyadarshini M, Wicksteed B, Layden BT. β cell acetate production and release are negligible. Islets 2024; 16:2339558. [PMID: 38607959 PMCID: PMC11018053 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2024.2339558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest that short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are primarily produced from fermentation of fiber, regulate insulin secretion through free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3 (FFA2 and FFA3). As these are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), they have potential therapeutic value as targets for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D). The exact mechanism by which these receptors regulate insulin secretion and other aspects of pancreatic β cell function is unclear. It has been reported that glucose-dependent release of acetate from pancreatic β cells negatively regulates glucose stimulated insulin secretion. While these data raise the possibility of acetate's potential autocrine action on these receptors, these findings have not been independently confirmed, and multiple concerns exist with this observation, particularly the lack of specificity and precision of the acetate detection methodology used. METHODS Using Min6 cells and mouse islets, we assessed acetate and pyruvate production and secretion in response to different glucose concentrations, via liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. RESULTS Using Min6 cells and mouse islets, we showed that both intracellular pyruvate and acetate increased with high glucose conditions; however, intracellular acetate level increased only slightly and exclusively in Min6 cells but not in the islets. Further, extracellular acetate levels were not affected by the concentration of glucose in the incubation medium of either Min6 cells or islets. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not substantiate the glucose-dependent release of acetate from pancreatic β cells, and therefore, invalidate the possibility of an autocrine inhibitory effect on glucose stimulated insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chioma Nnyamah
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nupur Pandya
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nadia Sweis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Irene Corona-Avila
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Medha Priyadarshini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Barton Wicksteed
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Song H, Liao Y, Hu H, Wan Q. Nonlinear association between proteinuria levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease events and all-cause mortality among chronic kidney disease patients. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2310727. [PMID: 38345084 PMCID: PMC10863521 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2310727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between proteinuria levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) development and all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients remains controversial. METHODS In this investigation, we conducted a retrospective analysis involving 1138 patients who were registered in the CKD-Research of Outcomes in Treatment and Epidemiology (ROUTE) study. The primary outcome of this study was the composite of cardiovascular events or all-cause death. Cox proportional hazards regression, smooth curve fitting, piecewise linear regression, and subgroup analyses were used. RESULTS The mean age of the included individuals was 67.3 ± 13.6 years old. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for UPCR in middle and high groups, compared to the low group, were 1.93 (95% CI: 1.28-2.91) and 4.12 (95% CI: 2.87-5.92), respectively, after multivariable adjustment. Further adjustments maintained significant associations; HRs for middle and high groups were 1.71 (95% CI: 1.12-2.61) and 3.07 (95% CI: 2.08-4.54). A nonlinear UPCR-primary outcome relationship was observed, with an inflection point at 3.93 g/gCr. CONCLUSION Among non-dialyzed patients with stage G2-G5 CKD, a nonlinear association between UPCR and the primary outcome was observed. A higher UPCR (when UPCR < 3.93 g/gCr) was an independent predictor of the primary outcome. Importantly, our study predates SGLT2 inhibitor use, showcasing outcomes achievable without these medications. Future research considerations will involve factors like SGLT-2 inhibitor utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Song
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, PRChina
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yuheng Liao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, PRChina
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Haofei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, PRChina
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Qijun Wan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, PRChina
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, PR China
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Kirk NM, Liang Y, Ly H. Pathogenesis and virulence of coronavirus disease: Comparative pathology of animal models for COVID-19. Virulence 2024; 15:2316438. [PMID: 38362881 PMCID: PMC10878030 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2316438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal models that can replicate clinical and pathologic features of severe human coronavirus infections have been instrumental in the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics. The goal of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the pathologic features that can be observed in several currently available animal models. Knowledge gained from studying these animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection can help inform appropriate model selection for disease modelling as well as for vaccine and therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. Kirk
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Yuying Liang
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Hinh Ly
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
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Peng X, Li Y, Guo H, Yuan H, Li T, Xu X, Hu L. Gestational diabetes mellitus enhances cobalt placental transfer efficiency between mother and infant. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2024; 37:2340597. [PMID: 38639583 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2024.2340597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Background: The fetal stage is pivotal for growth and development, making it susceptible to the adverse effects of prenatal metal(loid)s exposure. This study evaluated the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the placental transfer efficiency (PTE) of metal(loid)s and thus assessed the associated risks of prenatal metal(loid)s exposure. Materials and method: Designed as a case-control study, it incorporated 114 pregnant participants: 65 without complications and 49 diagnosed with GDM. We utilized inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to quantify seven metal(loid)s - manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) - in both maternal venous blood and umbilical cord blood. Result: We compared metal(loid)s concentrations and their PTE in the maternal and cord blood between the two groups. Notably, Cu, Ga, As, and Co levels in the umbilical cord blood of the GDM group (657.9 ± 167.2 μg/L, 1.23 ± 0.34 μg/L, 5.19 ± 2.58 μg/L, 1.09 ± 2.03 μg/L) surpassed those of the control group, with PTE of Co showing a marked increase in GDM group (568.8 ± 150.4 μg/L, 1.05 ± 0.31 μg/L, 4.09 ± 2.54 μg/L, 0.47 ± 0.91 μg/L), with PTE of Co showing a marked increase in GDM group (p < 0.05). The PTE of Ni exhibited a reduction in the GDM group relative to the control group, yet this decrease did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: This study indicates that GDM can influence the placental transfer efficiency of certain metal(loid)s, leading to higher concentrations of Co, Cu, Ga, and As in the umbilical cord blood of the GDM group. The marked increase in the PTE of Co suggests a potential link to placental abnormal angiogenesis due to GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglian Peng
- Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Guo
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Li
- Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Boczki P, Colombo M, Weiner J, Rapöhn I, Lacher M, Kiess W, Hanschkow M, Körner A, Landgraf K. Inhibition of AHCY impedes proliferation and differentiation of mouse and human adipocyte progenitor cells. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2290218. [PMID: 38064408 PMCID: PMC10732623 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2290218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
S-adenosyl-homocysteine-hydrolase (AHCY) plays an important role in the methionine cycle regulating cellular methylation levels. AHCY has been reported to influence proliferation and differentiation processes in different cell types, e.g. in cancer cells and mouse embryonic stem cells. In the development of adipose tissue, both the proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) are important processes, which in the context of obesity are often dysregulated. To assess whether AHCY might also be involved in cell proliferation and differentiation of APCs, we investigated the effect of reduced AHCY activity on human and mouse APCs in vitro. We show that the inhibition of AHCY using adenosine dialdehyde (AdOx) and the knockdown of AHCY using gene-specific siRNAs reduced APC proliferation and number. Inhibition of AHCY further reduced APC differentiation into mature adipocytes and the expression of adipogenic differentiation markers. Global DNA methylation profiling in human APCs revealed that inhibition of AHCY is associated with alterations in CpG methylation levels of genes involved in fat cell differentiation and pathways related to cellular growth. Our findings suggest that AHCY is necessary for the maintenance of APC proliferation and differentiation and inhibition of AHCY alters DNA methylation processes leading to a dysregulation of the expression of genes involved in the regulation of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Boczki
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Colombo
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Weiner
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Inka Rapöhn
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Lacher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martha Hanschkow
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Su H, Weng S, Luo L, Sun Q, Lin T, Ma H, He Y, Wu J, Wang H, Zhang W, Xu Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis hijacks host macrophages-derived interleukin 16 to block phagolysosome maturation for enhancing intracellular growth. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2322663. [PMID: 38380651 PMCID: PMC10911244 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2322663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of promising cytokines and clarification of their immunological mechanisms in controlling the intracellular fate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are necessary to identify effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. To escape immune clearance, Mtb can manipulate and inhibit the normal host process of phagosome maturation. Phagosome maturation arrest by Mtb involves multiple effectors and much remains unknown about this important aspect of Mtb pathogenesis. In this study, we found that interleukin 16 (IL-16) is elevated in the serum samples of Tuberculosis (TB) patients and can serve as a specific target for treatment TB. There was a significant difference in IL-16 levels among active TB, latent TB infection (LTBI), and non-TB patients. This study first revealed that macrophages are the major source of IL-16 production in response to Mtb infection, and elucidated that IL-16 can promote Mtb intracellular survival by inhibiting phagosome maturation and suppressing the expression of Rev-erbα which can inhibit IL-10 secretion. The experiments using zebrafish larvae infected with M. marinum and mice challenged with H37Rv demonstrated that reducing IL-16 levels resulted in less severe pathology and improved survival, respectively. In conclusion, this study provided direct evidence that Mtb hijacks the host macrophages-derived interleukin 16 to enhance intracellular growth. It is suggesting the immunosuppressive role of IL-16 during Mtb infection, supporting IL-16 as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shufeng Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liulin Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Sun
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease (Tuberculosis), Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Taiyue Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huixia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumo He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Liu K, Zhang P, Zhou L, Han L, Zhao L, Yu X. Research progress in the construction of animal models of autoimmune thyroiditis. Autoimmunity 2024; 57:2317190. [PMID: 38377122 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2024.2317190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), also known as Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), is an autoimmune disease that is characterised by elevated thyroid-specific antibody titres. The incidence of AIT is increasing year over year, making it urgent to establish a suitable animal model for this condition, in order to better explore its pathogenesis and potential pharmaceutical mechanisms for treatment. Owing to a lack of basic research on this disease, problems such as disparate modelling methods with unclear and varying success rates make it difficult for researchers to obtain effective information on AIT in the short term. This report summarises and analyzes the current literature on AIT and combines actual operability to explain the selection and specific implementation processes behind the uses of different modelling approaches, to provide a better overall understanding of autoimmune thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Han
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Yu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Jia S, Si R, Liu G, Zhong Q. Diosgenin protects against cationic bovine serum albumin-induced membranous glomerulonephritis by attenuating oxidative stress and renal inflammation via the NF-κB pathway. Pharm Biol 2024; 62:285-295. [PMID: 38516898 PMCID: PMC10962310 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2330602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Diosgenin (DG) has been reported to exert antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE To investigate the renoprotective activity of DG in a cationic bovine serum albumin-induced rat model of MGN. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups. The MGN model was established and treated with a DG dose (10 mg/kg) and a positive control (TPCA1, 10 mg/kg), while normal control and MGN groups received distilled water by gavage for four consecutive weeks. At the end of the experiment, 24 h urinary protein, biochemical indices, oxidation and antioxidant levels, inflammatory parameters, histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were evaluated. RESULTS DG significantly ameliorated kidney dysfunction by decreasing urinary protein (0.56-fold), serum creatinine (SCr) (0.78-fold), BUN (0.71-fold), TC (0.66-fold) and TG (0.73-fold) levels, and increasing ALB (1.44-fold). DG also reduced MDA (0.82-fold) and NO (0.83-fold) levels while increasing the activity of SOD (1.56-fold), CAT (1.25-fold), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (1.55-fold) and GSH (1.81-fold). Furthermore, DG reduced Keap1 (0.76-fold) expression, Nrf2 nuclear translocation (0.79-fold), and induced NQO1 (1.25-fold) and HO-1 (1.46-fold) expression. Additionally, DG decreased IL-2 (0.55-fold), TNF-α (0.80-fold) and IL-6 (0.75-fold) levels, and reduced protein expression of NF-κB p65 (0.80-fold), IKKβ (0.93-fold), p-IKKβ (0.89-fold), ICAM-1 (0.88-fold), VCAM-1 (0.91-fold), MCP-1 (0.88-fold) and E-selectin (0.87-fold), and also inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 (0.64-fold). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a potential therapeutic benefit of DG against MGN due to the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway, supporting the need for further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesia and Trauma Research Unit, Hebei Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruihua Si
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Guangzhen Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiming Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
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13
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Trus M, Atlas D. Non-ionotropic voltage-gated calcium channel signaling. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2341077. [PMID: 38601983 PMCID: PMC11017947 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2341077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are the major conduits for calcium ions (Ca2+) within excitable cells. Recent studies have highlighted the non-ionotropic functionality of VGCCs, revealing their capacity to activate intracellular pathways independently of ion flow. This non-ionotropic signaling mode plays a pivotal role in excitation-coupling processes, including gene transcription through excitation-transcription (ET), synaptic transmission via excitation-secretion (ES), and cardiac contraction through excitation-contraction (EC). However, it is noteworthy that these excitation-coupling processes require extracellular calcium (Ca2+) and Ca2+ occupancy of the channel ion pore. Analogous to the "non-canonical" characterization of the non-ionotropic signaling exhibited by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA), which requires extracellular Ca2+ without the influx of ions, VGCC activation requires depolarization-triggered conformational change(s) concomitant with Ca2+ binding to the open channel. Here, we discuss the contributions of VGCCs to ES, ET, and EC coupling as Ca2+ binding macromolecules that transduces external stimuli to intracellular input prior to elevating intracellular Ca2+. We emphasize the recognition of calcium ion occupancy within the open ion-pore and its contribution to the excitation coupling processes that precede the influx of calcium. The non-ionotropic activation of VGCCs, triggered by the upstroke of an action potential, provides a conceptual framework to elucidate the mechanistic aspects underlying the microseconds nature of synaptic transmission, cardiac contractility, and the rapid induction of first-wave genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Trus
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daphne Atlas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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14
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Du Y, Wu M, Song S, Bian Y, Shi Y. TXNIP deficiency attenuates renal fibrosis by modulating mTORC1/TFEB-mediated autophagy in diabetic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2338933. [PMID: 38616177 PMCID: PMC11018024 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2338933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an important regulatory protein for thioredoxin (TRX) that elicits the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting the redox function of TRX. Abundant evidence suggests that TXNIP is involved in the fibrotic process of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the potential mechanism of TXNIP in DKD is not yet well understood. In this study, we found that TXNIP knockout suppressed renal fibrosis and activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and restored transcription factor EB (TFEB) and autophagy activation in diabetic kidneys. Simultaneously, TXNIP interference inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), collagen I and fibronectin expression, and mTORC1 activation, increased TFEB nuclear translocation, and promoted autophagy restoration in HK-2 cells exposed to high glucose (HG). Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTORC1, increased TFEB nuclear translocation and autophagy in HK-2 cells under HG conditions. Moreover, the TFEB activators, curcumin analog C1 and trehalose, effectively restored HG-induced autophagy, and abrogated HG-induced EMT and collagen I and fibronectin expression in HK-2 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that TXNIP deficiency ameliorates renal fibrosis by regulating mTORC1/TFEB-mediated autophagy in diabetic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Du
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shan Song
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yawei Bian
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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15
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Shinjo T, Nishimura F. The bidirectional association between diabetes and periodontitis, from basic to clinical. Jpn Dent Sci Rev 2024; 60:15-21. [PMID: 38098853 PMCID: PMC10716706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and severity of periodontitis are increased and advanced in diabetes. Severe periodontitis elicits adverse effects on diabetes by impairing insulin actions due to systemic microinflammation. Recent studies unveil the emerging findings and molecular basis of the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. In addition to conventional mechanisms such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and chronic inflammation, deficient insulin action may play a pathogenic role in the progression of periodontitis under diabetes. Epidemiologically, from the viewpoint of the adverse effect of periodontitis on diabetes, recent studies have suggested that Asians including Japanese and Asian Americans with diabetes and mild obesity (BMI <25 kg/m2) should pay more attention to their increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the effect of diabetes on periodontitis from the viewpoint of abnormalities in metabolism and insulin resistance with novel mechanisms, and the influence of periodontitis on diabetes mainly focused on micro-inflammation related to mature adipose tissue and discuss future perspectives about novel approaches to interrupt the adverse interrelationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Shinjo
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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16
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Palacios S, Chedraui P, Sánchez-Borrego R, Coronado P, Nappi RE. Obesity and menopause. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2312885. [PMID: 38343134 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2312885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is not a choice or a result of lack of willpower, but a multifactorial, chronic, progressive, and relapsing disease. During menopause, hormonal and body composition changes lead to greater visceral adiposity, that aggravates women's health at a cardiometabolic, mechanic and mental level. Adiposity has been identified as an important modifier of reproductive hormones. During female midlife, obesity has been associated with menstrual cycle alterations (anovulatory cycles ending with abnormal bleedings), menopausal symptoms including hot flashes, poor quality of sleep, aches and joint pain, genitourinary symptoms, and reduced quality of life. However, the relationships between weight, the menopausal process, aging, and hormone levels remain poorly understood. Women with obesity have an increased risk of thromboembolic disease when using menopause hormone therapy (MHT), and it is probably the main medical condition to prescribe or not MHT. However, this risk depends on the route and type of MHT. The use of estrogen-only or combined transdermal MHT does not increase the risk of a thrombotic event in women with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Chedraui
- Escuela de Posgrado en Salud, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador
| | | | - Pluvio Coronado
- Women's Health Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rossella E Nappi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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17
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Huang Y, Liu F, Lai J, Jiang S, Tan X, Chen L, Xu Y, Xiong X, Deng Y. The adjuvant treatment role of ω-3 fatty acids by regulating gut microbiota positively in the acne vulgaris. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2299107. [PMID: 38164791 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2299107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Objectives:We aimed to explore the potential role of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids on acne vulgaris by modulating gut microbiota.Materials and Methods:We randomly divided the untreated acne patients into two groups with or without ω-3 fatty acids intervention for 12 weeks. The Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with acne model were given isotretinoin, ω-3 fatty acids or their combination respectively. Then the colonic contents samples of the drug intervention SD rats were transferred to the pseudo sterile rats with acne model. The severity of the disease was assessed by the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) score of the patients, and the swelling rate of auricle and the pathological section of the rat with acne model. The 16S rDNA gene sequencing was performed to detect the alteration of the gut microbiota.Results:ω-3 fatty acids could increase the diversity of the gut microbiota and regulate the flora structure positively both in the patients and rats, increase the abundance of butyric acid producing bacteria and GAGS score in the patients, and alleviate the inflammation and comedones of rats.Conclusion:Supplementation of ω-3 fatty acids could alleviate the inflammation of acne vulgaris by increasing the abundance of butyric acid producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Huang
- Department of Dermatology & STD, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuming Liu
- Department of Dermatology & STD, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jindong Lai
- Department of Dermatology, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyu Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Tan
- Department of Dermatology & STD, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingna Chen
- Department of Dermatology & STD, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology & STD, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongqiong Deng
- Department of Dermatology & STD, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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18
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Li C, Yang Q, Zhang L. Identification of putative allosteric inhibitors of BCKDK via virtual screening and biological evaluation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2290458. [PMID: 38059302 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2290458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal accumulation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) can lead to metabolic diseases and cancers. Branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) is a key negative regulator of BCAA catabolism, and targeting BCKDK provides a promising therapeutic approach for diseases caused by BCAA accumulation. Here, we screened PPHN and POAB as novel putative allosteric inhibitors by integrating allosteric binding site prediction, large-scale ligand database virtual screening, and bioactivity evaluation assays. Both of them showed a high binding affinity to BCKDK, with Kd values of 3.9 μM and 1.86 μM, respectively. In vivo experiments, the inhibitors demonstrated superior kinase inhibitory activity and notable antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on diverse cancer cells. Finally, bulk RNA-seq analysis revealed that PPHN and POAB suppressed cell growth through a range of signalling pathways. Taken together, our findings highlight two novel BCKDK inhibitors as potent therapeutic candidates for metabolic diseases and cancers associated with BCAA dysfunctional metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiong Li
- Genomics Center, Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Quanjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Genomics Center, Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
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19
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Ren Y, Huang P, Huang X, Zhang L, Liu L, Xiang W, Liu L, He X. Alterations of DNA methylation profile in peripheral blood of children with simple obesity. Health Inf Sci Syst 2024; 12:26. [PMID: 38505098 PMCID: PMC10948706 DOI: 10.1007/s13755-024-00275-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the association between DNA methylation and childhood simple obesity. Methods Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation was conducted on peripheral blood samples from 41 children with simple obesity and 31 normal controls to identify differentially methylated sites (DMS). Subsequently, gene functional analysis of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) was carried out. After screening the characteristic DMGs based on specific conditions, the methylated levels of these DMS were evaluated and verified by pyrosequencing. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis assessed the predictive efficacy of corresponding DMGs. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis revealed the correlation between specific DMS and clinical data. Results The overall DNA methylation level in the obesity group was significantly lower than in normal. A total of 241 DMS were identified. Functional pathway analysis revealed that DMGs were primarily involved in lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, human diseases, among other pathways. The characteristic DMS within the genes Transcription factor A mitochondrial (TFAM) and Piezo type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1(PIEZO1) were recognized as CpG-cg05831083 and CpG-cg14926485, respectively. Furthermore, the methylation level of CpG-cg05831083 significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and vitamin D. Conclusions Abnormal DNA methylation is closely related to childhood simple obesity. The altered methylation of CpG-cg05831083 and CpG-cg14926485 could potentially serve as biomarkers for childhood simple obesity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13755-024-00275-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
- Children’s Brain Development and Brain Injury Research Office, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
- Department of Pediatrics, Haikou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, 570100 China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
- Children’s Brain Development and Brain Injury Research Office, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Department of Genetics, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, Haikou, 570100 China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
- Children’s Brain Development and Brain Injury Research Office, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Lingjuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
- Children’s Brain Development and Brain Injury Research Office, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, Haikou, 570100 China
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Haikou, 570100 China
- Children’s Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100 China
| | - Liqun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
- Children’s Brain Development and Brain Injury Research Office, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Xiaojie He
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
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20
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Shen S, Zhong H, Zhou X, Li G, Zhang C, Zhu Y, Yang Y. Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine research in diabetic kidney disease treatment. Pharm Biol 2024; 62:222-232. [PMID: 38357845 PMCID: PMC10877659 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2314705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prominent complication arising from diabetic microangiopathy, and its prevalence and renal impact have placed it as the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has the distinct advantage of multifaceted and multilevel therapeutic attributes that show efficacy in improving clinical symptoms, reducing proteinuria, protecting renal function, and slowing DKD progression. Over recent decades, extensive research has explored the mechanisms of TCM for preventing and managing DKD, with substantial studies that endorse the therapeutic benefits of TCM compounds and single agents in the medical intervention of DKD. OBJECTIVE This review lays the foundation for future evidence-based research efforts and provide a reference point for DKD investigation. METHODS The relevant literature published in Chinese and English up to 30 June 2023, was sourced from PubMed, Cochrane Library, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), Wanfang Data, CNKI, and China Biology Medicine disc (CBM). The process involved examining and summarizing research on TCM laboratory tests and clinical randomized controlled trials for DKD treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The TCM intervention has shown the potential to inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and various growth factors, lower blood glucose levels, and significantly affect insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and improved renal function. Furthermore, the efficacy of TCM can be optimized by tailoring personalized treatment regimens based on the unique profiles of individual patients. We anticipate further rigorous and comprehensive clinical and foundational investigations into the mechanisms underlying the role of TCM in treating DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Huiyun Zhong
- School of Medicine and Food, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, China
| | - Xiaoshi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Guolin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changji Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ziyang People’s Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
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21
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Zhang Z, Qiao Y, Ji J, Huang C, Shi H, Gan W, Zhang A. The potential role of differentially expressed tRNA-derived fragments in high glucose-induced podocytes. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2318413. [PMID: 38369750 PMCID: PMC10878346 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2318413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is increasing annually. Damage to and loss of podocytes occur early in DKD. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), originating from tRNA precursors or mature tRNAs, are associated with various illnesses. In this study, tRFs were identified, and their roles in podocyte injury induced by high-glucose (HG) treatment were explored. High-throughput sequencing of podocytes treated with HG was performed to identify differentially expressed tRFs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. The expression levels of nephrin, podocin, and desmin were measured in podocytes after overexpression of tRF-1:24-Glu-CTC-1-M2 (tRF-1:24) and concomitant HG treatment. A total of 647 tRFs were identified, and 89 differentially expressed tRFs (|log2FC| ≥ 0.585; p ≤ .05) were identified in the HG group, of which 53 tRFs were downregulated and 36 tRFs were upregulated. The 10 tRFs with the highest differential expression were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and these results were consistent with the sequencing results. GO analysis revealed that the biological process, cellular component, and molecular function terms in which the tRFs were the most enriched were cellular processes, cellular anatomical entities, and binding. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that tRFs may be involved in signaling pathways related to growth hormones, phospholipase D, the regulation of stem cell pluripotency, and T-/B-cell receptors. Overexpression of tRF-1:24, one of the most differentially expressed tRFs, attenuated podocyte injury induced by HG. Thus, tRFs might be potential biomarkers for podocyte injury in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunyang Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialing Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihua Gan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiqing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Xie YX, Yao H, Peng JF, Ni D, Liu WT, Li CQ, Yi GH. Insight into modulators of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor and implications for cardiovascular therapeutics. J Drug Target 2024; 32:300-310. [PMID: 38269855 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and it's of great importance to understand its underlying mechanisms and find new treatments. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an active lipid that exerts its effects through S1P receptors on the cell surface or intracellular signal, and regulates many cellular processes such as cell growth, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell survival, and so on. S1PR modulators are a class of modulators that can interact with S1PR subtypes to activate receptors or block their activity, exerting either agonist or functional antagonist effects. Many studies have shown that S1P plays a protective role in the cardiovascular system and regulates cardiac physiological functions mainly through interaction with cell surface S1P receptors (S1PRs). Therefore, S1PR modulators may play a therapeutic role in cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review five S1PRs and their functions and the progress of S1PR modulators. In addition, we focus on the effects of S1PR modulators on atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiovascular diseases, and myocarditis, which may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Xie
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Fu Peng
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Ni
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wan-Ting Liu
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Quan Li
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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23
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Yang Q, Su S, Luo N, Cao G. Adenine-induced animal model of chronic kidney disease: current applications and future perspectives. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2336128. [PMID: 38575340 PMCID: PMC10997364 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2336128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with high morbidity and mortality all over the world is characterized by decreased kidney function, a condition which can result from numerous risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of CKD, there are still no treatments that can effectively combat CKD, which underscores the urgent need for further study into the pathological mechanisms underlying this condition. In this regard, animal models of CKD are indispensable. This article reviews a widely used animal model of CKD, which is induced by adenine. While a physiologic dose of adenine is beneficial in terms of biological activity, a high dose of adenine is known to induce renal disease in the organism. Following a brief description of the procedure for disease induction by adenine, major mechanisms of adenine-induced CKD are then reviewed, including inflammation, oxidative stress, programmed cell death, metabolic disorders, and fibrillation. Finally, the application and future perspective of this adenine-induced CKD model as a platform for testing the efficacy of a variety of therapeutic approaches is also discussed. Given the simplicity and reproducibility of this animal model, it remains a valuable tool for studying the pathological mechanisms of CKD and identifying therapeutic targets to fight CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songya Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang F, Wang J, Liang X, Wu Z, Xue J, Yin L, Wei L, Zhang X. Ghrelin inhibits myocardial pyroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating ERS and NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk through the PI3K/AKT pathway. J Drug Target 2024; 32:148-158. [PMID: 38088811 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2295268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) can induce inflammation mediated by NLRP3 inflammatory bodies and link inflammation with oxidative stress in myocardial tissue. Ghrelin is an endogenous growth hormone-releasing peptide that has been proven to have multiple effects, such as regulating energy metabolism and inhibiting inflammation. However, the role of ghrelin in myocardial injury in diabetic rats and the mechanism have not been reported. RESULTS We found that ghrelin could improve endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory pyroptosis in the myocardial tissue of diabetic rats and reduce ERS and NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, ghrelin could activate the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, playing a role in inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and reducing the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins. However, these protective effects could be largely eliminated by LY294002. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we demonstrated that ghrelin inhibited myocardial pyroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating ERS and NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Our results provide new insights into the mechanism of diabetic myocardial injury induced by high glucose and high palmitic acid and ghrelin-mediated anti-inflammatory protection and provide potential therapeutic targets and strategies for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingzhi Wang
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinfang Liang
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaxin Xue
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lingyu Yin
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lai Wei
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Genazzani AD, Battipaglia C, Rusce L, Prampolini G, Aio C, Ricciardiello F, Foschi M, Sponzilli A, Semprini E, Petrillo T. Alpha lipoic acid administration improved both peripheral sensitivity to insulin and liver clearance of insulin reducing potential risk of diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight/obese PCOS patients. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2341701. [PMID: 38622970 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2341701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on hormonal and metabolic parameters in a group of overweight/obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients. METHODS This was a retrospective study in which thirty-two overweight/obese patients with PCOS (n = 32) not requiring hormonal treatment were selected from the database of the ambulatory clinic of the Gynecological Endocrinology Center at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. The hormonal profile, routine exams and insulin and C-peptide response to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of complementary treatment with ALA (400 mg/day). Hepatic Insulin Extraction (HIE) index was also calculated. RESULTS ALA administration significantly improved insulin sensitivity and decreased ALT and AST plasma levels in all subjects, though no changes were observed on reproductive hormones. When PCOS patients were subdivided according to the presence or absence of familial diabetes background, the higher effects of ALA were observed in the former group that showed AST and ALT reduction and greater HIE index decrease. CONCLUSION ALA administration improved insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese PCOS patients, especially in those with familial predisposition to diabetes. ALA administration improved both peripheral sensitivity to insulin and liver clearance of insulin. Such effects potentially decrease the risk of nonalcoholic fat liver disease and diabetes in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro D Genazzani
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Christian Battipaglia
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Rusce
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Greta Prampolini
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Claudia Aio
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Ricciardiello
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Martina Foschi
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sponzilli
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Semprini
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tabatha Petrillo
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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26
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Wang R, Yu C, Tang Z, Sun J, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Lin B, Li C. Leptin induces altered differentiation of keratinocytes by inducing insulin resistance: implications for metabolic syndrome-induced resistance of psoriatic therapy. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2309305. [PMID: 38297481 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2309305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Background: Psoriatic patients tend to develop metabolic syndrome (MS). MS accelerates psoriasis, but the exact molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.Objectives: We aim to investigate the impact of leptin on keratinocyte insulin sensitivity and explore its underlying molecular mechanism, which might play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease.Methods: ELISA and immunohistochemistry were applied respectively to detect the level of leptin in serum and in lesion of psoriatic patients with and without MS. The HaCaT cell line was cultured and western-blot assay was performed to assess the change of insulin sensibility. q-PCR and western-blot assay were applied to detect the SOCS3 expressions. Knockdown of SOCS3 were generated in HaCaT cell line by siRNA. Leptin and insulin were treated for 6 days and K10 expression was evaluated by western-blot assay.Results: Patients with MS had higher level of leptin in serum and lesions than their counterparts without MS. Serum levels of leptin was negatively correlated to PASI decline index in psoriatic patients. Long-term treatment of leptin induced insulin resistance in HaCaT cell line, as indicated by elevated expression of p-IRS-1 (ser636) and lower p-PKB (ser473). Leptin treatment up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of SOCS3. Knockdown of SOCS3 blocked the effect of leptin-induced insulin resistance. Leptin treatment attenuated insulin-elicited K10 expression.Conclusions: Leptin induces insulin resistance by upregulating SOCS3 and give rise to differentiation disorder of keratinocyte. Insulin resistance may serve as a target for anti-psoriatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chongli Yu
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zijie Tang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Youlin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenkai Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Biwen Lin
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Hu C, Li Q, Xiang L, Luo Y, Li S, An J, Yu X, Zhang G, Chen Y, Wang Y, Wang D. Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis unveils the significant prognostic value and potential role in immune microenvironment modulation of TRIB3. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:234-250. [PMID: 38161736 PMCID: PMC10757237 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
TRIB3, a pseudokinase, was previously studied within only some specific cancer types, leaving its comprehensive functions in pan-cancer contexts largely unexplored. Here, we performed an integrated analysis of TRIB3 expression, prognosis, genetic alterations, functional enrichment and tumor immune-related characteristics in 33 cancer types. Our results showed that TRIB3 exhibits high expression levels across 24 different cancer types and correlates closely with unfavorable prognoses. Meanwhile, TRIB3 shows mutations in a wide spectrum of 22 distinct cancer types, with the predominant mutation types being missense mutations and gene amplifications, and significant changes in DNA methylation levels in 14 types of cancer. We further discovered that TRIB3 expression is significantly associated with cancer immune-related genome mutations, such as tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) and DNA mismatch repair (MMR), and infiltration of immunosuppressive cells, such as CD4+ Th2 cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), into the tumor microenvironment. These results indicated that the expression of TRIB3 might reshape the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and lead to immunosuppressive "cold" tumors. In addition, our results confirmed that the loss of function of TRIB3 inhibits cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and leads to significant enrichment of "hot" tumor-related immune pathways, at least in breast cancer cells, which further supports the important role of TRIB3 in cancer prognosis and TIME regulation. Together, this pan-cancer investigation provided a comprehensive understanding of the critical role of TRIB3 in human cancers, and suggested that TRIB3 might be a promising prognostic biomarker and a potential target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qingzhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lei Xiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yan Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shengrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jun An
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiankuo Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Guochen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Ye J, Meng Q, Jin K, Luo Y, Yue T. Phage cocktail alleviated type 2 diabetes by reshaping gut microbiota and decreasing proinflammatory cytokines. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:9. [PMID: 38159123 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), a global health concern, is closely associated with the gut microbiota. Restoration of a balanced microbiota and intestinal homeostasis benefit therapy of T2D. Some special phages may selectively alter the gut microbiota without causing dysbiosis, such as MS2 and P22. However, scarcely systematic analysis of cascading effects triggered by MS2 and P22 phages on the microbiota, as well as interactions between specific gut bacteria and systemic metabolism, seriously inhibit the development of positive interventions of phages. Based on multi-omic analysis, we analyzed the intrinsic correlations among specific microbiota, their bioactive metabolites, and key indicators of T2D. We found that gavage of the MS2-P22 phage cocktail could significantly alter the gut microbiome to attenuate dysbiosis of diabetic C57BL/6 mice caused by high-fat diets (HFDs) and streptozotocin (STZ), by affecting microbial compositions as well as their metabolic pathways and metabolites, especially increasing amounts of short-chain fatty acid-producing (SCFA-producing) bacteria (e.g., Blautia and Romboutsia) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Correspondingly, a noteworthy reduction in the number of several opportunistic pathogens occurred, e.g., Candidatus Saccharimonas, Aerococcus, Oscillibacter, Desulfovibrio, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1. Synchronously, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were reduced to recover gut barrier function in T2D mice. These findings might benefit the development of a new dietary intervention for T2D based on phage cocktails. KEY POINTS: • Intestinal barrier integrity of T2D mice is improved by a phage cocktail • Negative relationship between Muribaculaceae and Corynebacterium reshaped gut microbiota • Acetate, propionate, and butyrate decreased the level of proinflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kezhu Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yane Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
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29
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Subbotina A, Skjølsvik E, Solbu MD, Miroslawska A, Steigen T. Echocardiographic findings following renal sympathetic denervation for treatment resistant hypertension, the ReShape CV-risk study. Blood Press 2024; 33:2326298. [PMID: 38469724 DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2024.2326298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe and compare echocardiographic findings before renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) and 6 and 24 months after the procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with treatment resistant hypertension (TRH) were included in this non-randomised intervention study. RDN was performed by a single experienced operator using the Symplicity Catheter System. Echocardiographic measurements were performed at baseline, and after 6 and 24 months. RESULTS The cohort consisted of 21 patients with TRH, with a mean systolic office blood pressure (BP) of 163 mmHg and mean diastolic BP 109 mmHg. Mixed model analysis showed no significant change in left ventricular (LV) mass index (LVMI) or left atrium volume index (LAVI) after the RDN procedure. Higher LVMI at baseline was significantly associated with greater reduction in LVMI (p < 0.001). Relative wall thickness (RWT) increased over time (0.48 mm after two years) regardless of change in BP. There was a small but significant reduction in LV end-diastolic (LVIDd) and end-systolic (LVIDs) diameters after RDN, with a mean reduction of 2.6 and 2.4 mm, respectively, after two years. Progression to concentric hypertrophy was observed only in in patients who did not achieve normal BP values, despite BP reduction after RDN. CONCLUSION There was no reduction of LV mass after RDN. We found a small statistically significant reduction in LVIDd and LVIDs, which together with increase in RWT can indicate progression towards concentric hypertrophy. BP reduction after RDN on its own does not reverse concentric remodelling if target BP is not achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Subbotina
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Clinical Cardiovascular Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Eystein Skjølsvik
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Dahl Solbu
- Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Atena Miroslawska
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Terje Steigen
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Clinical Cardiovascular Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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30
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Rojas-Solé C, Pinilla-González V, Lillo-Moya J, González-Fernández T, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Integrated approach to reducing polypharmacy in older people: exploring the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant potential therapy. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2289740. [PMID: 38108325 PMCID: PMC10732214 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2289740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased life expectancy, attributed to improved access to healthcare and drug development, has led to an increase in multimorbidity, a key contributor to polypharmacy. Polypharmacy is characterised by its association with a variety of adverse events in the older persons. The mechanisms involved in the development of age-related chronic diseases are largely unknown; however, altered redox homeostasis due to ageing is one of the main theories. In this context, the present review explores the development and interaction between different age-related diseases, mainly linked by oxidative stress. In addition, drug interactions in the treatment of various diseases are described, emphasising that the holistic management of older people and their pathologies should prevail over the individual treatment of each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Rojas-Solé
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Pinilla-González
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Lillo-Moya
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tommy González-Fernández
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Cheng IS, Tsao JP, Bernard JR, Tsai TW, Chang CC, Liao SF. Oral post-exercise garlic extract supplementation enhances glycogen replenishment but does not up-regulate mitochondria biogenesis mRNA expression in human-exercised skeletal muscle. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2336095. [PMID: 38576169 PMCID: PMC11000618 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2336095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Garlic extract (GA) is purported to enhance antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and glucose regulation in humans. The present study investigated the effects of post-exercise GA supplementation on GLUT4 expression, glycogen replenishment, and the transcript factors involved with mitochondrial biosynthesis in exercised human skeletal muscle. METHODS The single-blinded crossover counterbalanced study was completed by 12 participants. Participants were randomly divided into either GA (2000 mg of GA) or placebo trials immediately after completing a single bout of cycling exercise at 75% Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) for 60 minutes. Participants consumed either GA (2000 mg) or placebo capsules with a high glycemic index carbohydrate meal (2 g carb/body weight) immediately after exercise. Muscle samples were collected at 0-h and 3-h post-exercise. Muscle samples were used to measure glycogen levels, GLUT4 protein expression, as well as transcription factors for glucose uptake, and mitochondria biogenesis. Plasma glucose, insulin, glycerol, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations, and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were also analyzed during the post-exercise recovery periods. RESULTS Skeletal muscle glycogen replenishment was significantly elevated during the 3-h recovery period for GA concurrent with no difference in GLUT4 protein expression between the garlic and placebo trials. PGC1-α gene expression was up-regulated for both GA and placebo after exercise (p < 0.05). Transcript factors corresponding to muscle mitochondrial biosynthesis were significantly enhanced under acute garlic supplementation as demonstrated by TFAM and FIS1. However, the gene expression of SIRT1, ERRα, NFR1, NFR2, MFN1, MFN2, OPA1, Beclin-1, DRP1 were not enhanced, nor were there any improvements in GLUT4 expression, following post-exercise garlic supplementation. CONCLUSION Acute post-exercise garlic supplementation may improve the replenishment of muscle glycogen, but this appears to be unrelated to the gene expression for glucose uptake and mitochondrial biosynthesis in exercised human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Shiung Cheng
- National Taichung University of Education, Department of Physical Education, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Piao Tsao
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey R. Bernard
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health Promotion,California State University, Stanislaus, Turlock, USA
| | - Tsen-Wei Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Taichung, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chang
- College of HuilanNational Dong Hwa University, Physical Education Center, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Su-Fen Liao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Ni Y, Zhang H, Xian Q, Qin W, Su H, Wang L, Li J. RfxCas13d-mediated inhibition of Circ1647 alleviates renal fibrosis via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2331612. [PMID: 38527916 PMCID: PMC10964833 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2331612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to investigate the role of Circ1647 in renal fibrosis, which is a hallmark of CKD. METHODS In this study, we established a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model and delivered Circ1647 RfxCas13d knockdown plasmid into renal parenchymal cells via retrograde injection through the ureter followed by electroporation. After that, the pathological changes were determined by Hematoxylin and Eosin. Meanwhile, Immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot were conducted to assess the degree of fibrosis. In addition, overexpressing of Circ1647 in renal tubular epithelial cells (TCMK1) was performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of Circ1647. RESULTS Our results displayed that electroporation-mediated knockdown of Circ1647 by RfxCas13d knockdown plasmid significantly inhibited renal fibrosis in UUO mice as evidenced by reduced expression of fibronectin and α-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin). Conversely, overexpression of Circ1647 in TCMK1 cells promoted the fibrosis. In terms of mechanism, Circ1647 may mediate the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway as demonstrated by the balance of the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT in vivo and the aggravated phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT in vitro. These observations were corroborated by the effects of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, which mitigated fibrosis post Circ1647 overexpression. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that Circ1647 plays a significant role in renal fibrosis by mediating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. RfxCas13d-mediated inhibition of Circ1647 may serve as a therapeutic target for renal fibrosis in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Ni
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Xian
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjie Qin
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongwei Su
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianchun Li
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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de La Bourdonnaye G, Ghazalova T, Fojtik P, Kutalkova K, Bednar D, Damborsky J, Rotrekl V, Stepankova V, Chaloupkova R. Computer-aided engineering of stabilized fibroblast growth factor 21. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:942-951. [PMID: 38379823 PMCID: PMC10877085 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
FGF21 is an endocrine signaling protein belonging to the family of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). It has emerged as a molecule of interest for treating various metabolic diseases due to its role in regulating glucogenesis and ketogenesis in the liver. However, FGF21 is prone to heat, proteolytic, and acid-mediated degradation, and its low molecular weight makes it susceptible to kidney clearance, significantly reducing its therapeutic potential. Protein engineering studies addressing these challenges have generally shown that increasing the thermostability of FGF21 led to improved pharmacokinetics. Here, we describe the computer-aided design and experimental characterization of FGF21 variants with enhanced melting temperature up to 15 °C, uncompromised efficacy at activation of MAPK/ERK signaling in Hep G2 cell culture, and ability to stimulate proliferation of Hep G2 and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts cells comparable with FGF21-WT. We propose that stabilizing the FGF21 molecule by rational design should be combined with other reported stabilization strategies to maximize the pharmaceutical potential of FGF21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabin de La Bourdonnaye
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Enantis Ltd., Biotechnology Incubator INBIT, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Ghazalova
- Enantis Ltd., Biotechnology Incubator INBIT, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Fojtik
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - David Bednar
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Damborsky
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Rotrekl
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Radka Chaloupkova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Enantis Ltd., Biotechnology Incubator INBIT, Brno, Czech Republic
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Li X, Yang S, Zhang J, Xiao L, Feng X, Huang H, Xing Y. Intestinal microbial community well explain larval growth than feed types. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:32. [PMID: 38175237 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are considered a sustainable ingredient in livestock feed. However, addressing issues related to feed substrate and intestinal microbiota is essential to ensure optimal larval development. The aim of this study was to assess and elucidate the contribution of substrate nutrients and intestinal microbes to protein and fat synthesis in BSFL. The results showed that larvae that were fed high-quality feed (chicken feed) had high fat biomass, while larvae that were fed medium-quality feed (wheat bran) had high protein biomass. These results indicate that the original nutritional content of the feed cannot fully explain larval growth and nutrient utilization. However, the phenomenon could be explained by the functional metabolism of intestinal microbes. Chicken feed enhanced the fatty acid metabolism of middle intestine microorganisms in larvae within 0-7 days. This process facilitated larval fat synthesis. In contrast, wheat bran stimulated the amino acid metabolism in posterior intestine microorganisms in larvae within 4-7 days, leading to better protein synthesis. The findings of this study highlight the importance of the microbial functional potential in the intestine in regulating protein and lipid synthesis in BSFL, which is also influenced by the type of feed. In conclusion, our study suggests that both feed type and intestinal microbes play a crucial role in efficiently converting organic waste into high-quality insect protein and fat. Additionally, a mixed culture of chicken feed and wheat bran was found to be effective in promoting larval biomass while reducing feed costs. KEY POINTS: • Intestinal microbes explain BSFL growth better than feed substrates. • Chicken feed promotes fatty acid synthesis in the middle intestine • Wheat bran promotes amino acid synthesis in the posterior intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Li
- School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Jiaxue Zhang
- Haid Research Institute, Guangdong Haid Group Co. Ltd., 5 Eighth Street, Fu Ping Road, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Haid Research Institute, Guangdong Haid Group Co. Ltd., 5 Eighth Street, Fu Ping Road, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Xiangchi Feng
- School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haobin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Yang Xing
- Haid Research Institute, Guangdong Haid Group Co. Ltd., 5 Eighth Street, Fu Ping Road, Guangzhou, 511400, China.
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Jiang Y, Xu L, Zhu X, Zhu X, Xu X, Li J. Hyperglycemic stress induces oxidative damage of enteric glial cells by triggering redoxosomes/p66SHC activation. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2324234. [PMID: 38444386 PMCID: PMC10919305 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2324234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetic gastrointestinal dysfunction (DGD) is a serious complication of diabetic mellitus (DM), affecting the enteric nervous system (ENS), particular enteric glial cells (EGCs). This study aimed to elucidate the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of hyperglycemic stress on EGCs in in vitro and in vivo models of DM. METHODS In in vitro studies, enteric glial cell line CRL-2690 was exposed to hyperglycemia stress, and cell viability, cell apoptosis and oxidative damage were assessed. In in vivo studies, STZ-induced diabetic mice were constructed, and cell apoptosis and oxidative damage of EGCs in the duodenum of DM mice were assessed. RESULTS The results showed that hyperglycemic stress markedly induced oxidative damage of EGCs in in vitro and in vivo models of DM. This damage was found to be dependent on the activation of redoxosomes, which involved the phosphorylation of SRC and Vav2, the up-regulation of active RAC1-GTP, and the activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX). Moreover, inhibitors of redoxosomes, such as the RAC1 inhibitor NSC23766 and the NOX inhibitor VAS2870, effectively mitigated the hyperglycemic stress-induced oxidative damage of EGCs. Additionally, inhibition of p66SHC, a downstream target of redoxosomes, attenuated oxidative damage of EGCs under hyperglycemic stress. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that the redoxosomes/p66SHC signaling is involved in the oxidative damage of EGCs during the pathological process of DGD. This signaling cascade may represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of DGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi Medical Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi Medical Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi Medical Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi Medical Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang L, Wang X, Chang L, Ren Y, Sui M, Fu Y, Zhang L, Hao L. Quercetin improves diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting ferroptosis and regulating the Nrf2 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2327495. [PMID: 38465879 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2327495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading factor in end-stage renal disease. The complexity of its pathogenesis, combined with the limited treatment efficacy, necessitates deeper insights into potential causes. Studies suggest that ferroptosis-driven renal tubular damage contributes to DKD's progression, making its counteraction a potential therapeutic strategy. Quercetin, a flavonoid found in numerous fruits and vegetables, has demonstrated DKD mitigation in mouse models, though its protective mechanism remains ambiguous. In this study, we delved into quercetin's potential anti-ferroptotic properties, employing a DKD rat model and high glucose (HG)-treated renal tubular epithelial cell models. Our findings revealed that HG prompted unusual ferroptosis activation in renal tubular epithelial cells. However, quercetin counteracted this by inhibiting ferroptosis and activating NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in both DKD rats and HG-treated HK-2 cells, indicating its renal protective role. Further experiments, both in vivo and in vitro, validated that quercetin stimulates Nrf2. Thus, our research underscores quercetin's potential in DKD treatment by modulating the ferroptosis process via activating Nrf2 in a distinct DKD rat model, offering a fresh perspective on quercetin's protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy and Hemodialysis, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xingzhi Wang
- Department of Nephropathy and Hemodialysis, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Liang Chang
- Department of Nephropathy and Hemodialysis, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yiqun Ren
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Manshu Sui
- Department of Nephropathy and Hemodialysis, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuting Fu
- Department of Nephropathy and Hemodialysis, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy and Hemodialysis, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lirong Hao
- Department of Nephropathy and Hemodialysis, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Department of Nephropathy, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Mzimela NC, Sosibo AM, Ngubane PS, Khathi A. Investigation into changes in inflammatory and immune cell markers in pre-diabetic patients from Durban, South Africa. J Immunotoxicol 2024; 21:2290282. [PMID: 38099331 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2023.2290282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of pre-diabetes is increasing in rapidly urbanizing cities, especially in individuals aged 25 - 45 years old. Studies also indicate that this condition is associated with aberrant immune responses that are also influenced by environmental factors. This study sought to investigate changes in the concentration of immune cells and select inflammatory markers in patients with pre-diabetes in Durban, South Africa. Blood samples collected from King Edward Hospital, after obtaining ethics approval, were divided into non-diabetic (ND), pre-diabetic (PD) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) using ADA criteria. In each sample, the concentration of immune cells and select inflammatory markers were determined. The results showed a significant increase in eosinophil and basophil levels in the PD group as compared to the ND group. Compared to ND, the PD and T2D groups had significant increases in serum TNFα, CD40L and fibrinogen concentrations. Additionally, there were decreases in serum CRP, IL-6, and P-selectin in the PD group while these markers increased in the T2D group. These findings were indicative of immune activation and highlight the impact of pre-diabetes in this population. More studies are recommended with a higher number of samples that are stratified by gender and represent the gender ratio in the city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomusa Christina Mzimela
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | | | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences
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Cheng W, Huang R, Pu Y, Li T, Bao X, Chen J, Li G, Wu H, Wei Z. Association between the haemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and clinical outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. Ann Med 2024; 56:2330615. [PMID: 38513606 PMCID: PMC10962296 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2330615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of studies show that people with similar blood glucose levels have different levels of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and relying only on HbA1c may lead to clinical decision-making errors. The haemoglobin glycation index (HGI) quantifies the difference in HbA1c among individuals and is strongly linked to the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the connection between this phenomenon and the poor outcomes of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is currently unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective, single-centre-based cohort study included 1531 hospitalized patients with ADHF from September 2010 to January 2020. The HGI is calculated from the difference between the observed and predicted HbA1c values [predicted HbA1c = 0.024 × fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dL)+3.1]. The endpoints examined in the study included all-cause death, cardiovascular (CV) death, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). We fitted multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models to investigate the association between the HGI and clinical outcomes. RESULTS During the five-year follow-up, 427 (27.9%) patients died from all causes, 232 (15.6%) from CV death, and 848 (55.4%) from MACE. The restricted cubic spline analysis also showed that the cumulative risk of all-cause and CV deaths decreased linearly with increasing HGI. According to multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, the highest tertile of the HGI was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths [all-cause death, adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 0.720, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.563-0.921, p = 0.009; CV death, adjusted HR: 0.619, 95% CI: 0.445-0.861, p = 0.004]. A 1% increase in the HGI was associated with a 12.5% reduction in the risk of all-cause death and a 20.8% reduction in the risk of CV death. CONCLUSIONS A high HGI was directly associated with a reduction in all-cause and CV deaths but was not associated with MACE. These findings may be helpful in the management of patients with ADHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimeng Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyue Li
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Guannan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghai Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
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Li Z, Hu T, Li R, Li J, Wang Y, Li Y, Lin Y, Wang Y, Jiani X. Effect of DHCR7 on adipocyte differentiation in goats. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2298399. [PMID: 38157229 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2298399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol is regarded as a signaling molecule in regulating the metabolism and function of fat cells, in which 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol, however, the exact function of DHCR7 in goat adipocytes remains unknown. Here, the effect of DHCR7 on the formation of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat in goats was investigated in vitro, and the result indicated that the mRNA level of DHCR7 showed a gradual downward trend in subcutaneous adipogenesis, but an opposite trend in intramuscular adipogenesis. In the process of subcutaneous preadipocytes differentiation, overexpression of DHCR7 inhibited the expression of adipocytes differentiation marker genes (CEBP/α, CEBP/β, SREBP1 and AP2), lipid metabolism-related genes (AGPAT6, FASN, SCD1 and LPL), and the lipid accumulation. However, in intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation, DHCR7 overexpression showed a promoting effect on adipocyte differentiation marker genes (CEBP/α, CEBP/β, PPARγ and SREBP1) and lipid metabolism-related genes (GPAM, AGPAT6, DGAT1 and SCD1) expression, and on lipid accumulation. In summary, our work demonstrated that DHCR7 played an important role in regulating adipogenic differentiation and lipid metabolism in preadipocytes in goats, which is of great significance for uncovering the underlying molecular mechanism of adipocyte differentiation and improving goat meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiwen Li
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youli Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Jiani
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Aydin S, Kilinc F, Ugur K, Aydin MA, Yalcin MH, Kuloglu T, Kaya Tektemur N, Albayrak S, Emre E, Yardim M, Akkoc RF, Hancer S, Sahin İ, Cinar V, Akbulut T, Demircan S, Evren B, Gencer BT, Aksoy A, Yilmaz Bozoglan M, Aydemir İ, Aydin S. Effects of irisin and exercise on adropin and betatrophin in a new metabolic syndrome model. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:21-32. [PMID: 37933453 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2276205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent public health problem. Uric acid (UA) is increased by MetS. We investigated whether administration of UA and 10% fructose (F) would accelerate MetS formation and we also determined the effects of irisin and exercise. We used seven groups of rats. Group 1 (control); group 2 (sham); group 3 (10% F); group 4 (1% UA); group 5 (2% UA); group 6 (10% F + 1% UA); and Group 7, (10% F + 2% UA). After induction of MetS (groups 3 -7), Group 3 was divided into three subgroups: 3A, no further treatment; 3B, irisin treatment; 3C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 4, 1% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 4A, no further treatment; 4B, irisin treatment; 4C, Irisin treatment + exercise. Group 5, 2% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 5A, no further treatment; 5B, irisin treatment; 5C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 6, 10% F + 1% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 6A, no further treatment; 6B, irisin treatment; 6C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 7, 10% F + 2% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 7A, no further treatment; 7B, irisin treatment; 7C, irisin treatment + exercise., İrisin was administered 10 ng/kg irisin intraperitoneally on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday each week for 1 month. The exercise animals (in addition to irisin treatment) also were run on a treadmill for 45 min on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday each week for 1 month. The rats were sacrificed and samples of liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, skeletal muscles and blood were obtained. The amounts of adropin (ADR) and betatrophin in the tissue supernatant and blood were measured using an ELISA method. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ADR and betatrophin expression in situ in tissue samples. The duration of these experiments varied from 3 and 10 weeks. The order of development of MetS was: group 7, 3 weeks; group 6, 4 weeks; group 5, 6 weeks; group 4, 7 weeks; group 3, 10 weeks. Kidney, liver, heart, pancreas and skeletal muscle tissues are sources of adropin and betatrophin. In these tissues and in the circulation, adropin was decreased significantly, while betatrophin was increased significantly due to MetS; irisin + exercise reversed this situation. We found that the best method for creating a MetS model was F + UA2 supplementation. Our method is rapid and simple. Irisin + exercise was best for preventing MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Aydin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Faruk Kilinc
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases), School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Kader Ugur
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases), School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | | | - Mehmet Hanifi Yalcin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Tuncay Kuloglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Serdal Albayrak
- Department of Brain and Nerve Surgery, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Elif Emre
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Meltem Yardim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Yerkoy State Hospital, Yozgat, Turkiye
| | - Ramazan Fazil Akkoc
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Serhat Hancer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - İbrahim Sahin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat Hormones Research Group, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkiye
| | - Vedat Cinar
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Taner Akbulut
- Department of Sports and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Selcuk Demircan
- Department of Intensive Care, Inonu University Hospital, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Bahri Evren
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Berrin Tarakci Gencer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Aziz Aksoy
- Nature and Engineering Faculty, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Merve Yilmaz Bozoglan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - İsa Aydemir
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat Hormones Research Group, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
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Lacombe A, Scorrano L. The interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy: From a key homeostatic mechanism to a driver of pathology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 161-162:1-19. [PMID: 38430721 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The complex relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy illustrates how two cellular housekeeping processes are intimately linked, illuminating fundamental principles of cellular homeostasis and shedding light on disparate pathological conditions including several neurodegenerative disorders. Here we review the basic tenets of mitochondrial dynamics i.e., the concerted balance between fusion and fission of the organelle, and its interplay with macroautophagy and selective mitochondrial autophagy, also dubbed mitophagy, in the maintenance of mitochondrial quality control and ultimately in cell viability. We illustrate how conditions of altered mitochondrial dynamics reverberate on autophagy and vice versa. Finally, we illustrate how altered interplay between these two key cellular processes participates in the pathogenesis of human disorders affecting multiple organs and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Lacombe
- Dept. of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Dept. of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
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Vázquez-Lizarraga R, Mendoza-Viveros L, Cid-Castro C, Ruiz-Montoya S, Carreño-Vázquez E, Orozco-Solis R. Hypothalamic circuits and aging: keeping the circadian clock updated. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1919-1928. [PMID: 38227516 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past century, age-related diseases, such as cancer, type-2 diabetes, obesity, and mental illness, have shown a significant increase, negatively impacting overall quality of life. Studies on aged animal models have unveiled a progressive discoordination at multiple regulatory levels, including transcriptional, translational, and post-translational processes, resulting from cellular stress and circadian derangements. The circadian clock emerges as a key regulator, sustaining physiological homeostasis and promoting healthy aging through timely molecular coordination of pivotal cellular processes, such as stem-cell function, cellular stress responses, and inter-tissue communication, which become disrupted during aging. Given the crucial role of hypothalamic circuits in regulating organismal physiology, metabolic control, sleep homeostasis, and circadian rhythms, and their dependence on these processes, strategies aimed at enhancing hypothalamic and circadian function, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, offer systemic benefits for healthy aging. Intranasal brain-directed drug administration represents a promising avenue for effectively targeting specific brain regions, like the hypothalamus, while reducing side effects associated with systemic drug delivery, thereby presenting new therapeutic possibilities for diverse age-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Mendoza-Viveros
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, México
- Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados (CIE-CINVESTAV), México City, México
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM, México City, México
| | - Carolina Cid-Castro
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, México
- Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados (CIE-CINVESTAV), México City, México
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM, México City, México
| | | | | | - Ricardo Orozco-Solis
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, México
- Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados (CIE-CINVESTAV), México City, México
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Wang Z, Zhou W, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Li M. Metformin alleviates spinal cord injury by inhibiting nerve cell ferroptosis through upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 expression. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2041-2049. [PMID: 38227534 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202409000-00037/figure1/v/2024-01-16T170235Z/r/image-tiff Previous studies have reported upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 in different central nervous system injury models. Heme oxygenase-1 plays a critical anti-inflammatory role and is essential for regulating cellular redox homeostasis. Metformin is a classic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes that can inhibit ferroptosis. Previous studies have shown that, when used to treat cardiovascular and digestive system diseases, metformin can also upregulate heme oxygenase-1 expression. Therefore, we hypothesized that heme oxygenase-1 plays a significant role in mediating the beneficial effects of metformin on neuronal ferroptosis after spinal cord injury. To test this, we first performed a bioinformatics analysis based on the GEO database and found that heme oxygenase-1 was upregulated in the lesion of rats with spinal cord injury. Next, we confirmed this finding in a rat model of T9 spinal cord compression injury that exhibited spinal cord nerve cell ferroptosis. Continuous intraperitoneal injection of metformin for 14 days was found to both upregulate heme oxygenase-1 expression and reduce neuronal ferroptosis in rats with spinal cord injury. Subsequently, we used a lentivirus vector to knock down heme oxygenase-1 expression in the spinal cord, and found that this significantly reduced the effect of metformin on ferroptosis after spinal cord injury. Taken together, these findings suggest that metformin inhibits neuronal ferroptosis after spinal cord injury, and that this effect is partially dependent on upregulation of heme oxygenase-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanchang People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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44
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Yazicioglu YF, Mitchell RJ, Clarke AJ. Mitochondrial control of lymphocyte homeostasis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 161-162:42-53. [PMID: 38608498 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a multitude of essential roles within mammalian cells, and understanding how they control immunity is an emerging area of study. Lymphocytes, as integral cellular components of the adaptive immune system, rely on mitochondria for their function, and mitochondria can dynamically instruct their differentiation and activation by undergoing rapid and profound remodelling. Energy homeostasis and ATP production are often considered the primary functions of mitochondria in immune cells; however, their importance extends across a spectrum of other molecular processes, including regulation of redox balance, signalling pathways, and biosynthesis. In this review, we explore the dynamic landscape of mitochondrial homeostasis in T and B cells, and discuss how mitochondrial disorders compromise adaptive immunity.
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Fang Y, Wang Q, Li Y, Zeng L, Liu J, Ou K. On implications of somatostatin in diabetic retinopathy. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1984-1990. [PMID: 38227526 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin, a naturally produced neuroprotective peptide, depresses excitatory neurotransmission and exerts anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects on the retina. In this review, we summarize the progress of somatostatin treatment of diabetic retinopathy through analysis of relevant studies published from February 2019 to February 2023 extracted from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Insufficient neuroprotection, which occurs as a consequence of declined expression or dysregulation of retinal somatostatin in the very early stages of diabetic retinopathy, triggers retinal neurovascular unit impairment and microvascular damage. Somatostatin replacement is a promising treatment for retinal neurodegeneration in diabetic retinopathy. Numerous pre-clinical and clinical trials of somatostatin analog treatment for early diabetic retinopathy have been initiated. In one such trial (EUROCONDOR), topical administration of somatostatin was found to exert neuroprotective effects in patients with pre-existing retinal neurodysfunction, but had no impact on the onset of diabetic retinopathy. Overall, we concluded that somatostatin restoration may be especially beneficial for the growing population of patients with early-stage retinopathy. In order to achieve early prevention of diabetic retinopathy initiation, and thereby salvage visual function before the appearance of moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, several issues need to be addressed. These include the needs to: a) update and standardize the retinal screening scheme to incorporate the detection of early neurodegeneration, b) identify patient subgroups who would benefit from somatostatin analog supplementation, c) elucidate the interactions of somatostatin, particularly exogenously-delivered somatostatin analogs, with other retinal peptides in the context of hyperglycemia, and d) design safe, feasible, low cost, and effective administration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qionghua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Youjian Li
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong Laboratory Animal Center, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kepeng Ou
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
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Boonpraman N, Yi SS. NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) as a biomarker and therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1961-1966. [PMID: 38227522 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are defined by inflammation and the damage neurons undergo due to oxidative stress. A primary reactive oxygen species contributor in the central nervous system, NADPH oxidase 4, is viewed as a potential therapeutic touchstone and indicative marker for these ailments. This in-depth review brings to light distinct features of NADPH oxidase 4, responsible for generating superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, emphasizing its pivotal role in activating glial cells, inciting inflammation, and disturbing neuronal functions. Significantly, malfunctioning astrocytes, forming the majority in the central nervous system, play a part in advancing neurodegenerative diseases, due to their reactive oxygen species and inflammatory factor secretion. Our study reveals that aiming at NADPH oxidase 4 within astrocytes could be a viable treatment pathway to reduce oxidative damage and halt neurodegenerative processes. Adjusting NADPH oxidase 4 activity might influence the neuroinflammatory cytokine levels, including myeloperoxidase and osteopontin, offering better prospects for conditions like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This review sheds light on the role of NADPH oxidase 4 in neural degeneration, emphasizing its drug target potential, and paving the path for novel treatment approaches to combat these severe conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napissara Boonpraman
- BK21 four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Sun Shin Yi
- BK21 four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
- iConnectome, Co., Ltd., Cheonan, South Korea
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47
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Xie S, Zhou N, Su N, Xiao Z, Wei S, Yang Y, Liu J, Li W, Zhang B. Noncoding RNA-associated competing endogenous RNA networks in trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:744-758. [PMID: 38577019 PMCID: PMC10990741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (TIC) is a common and serious disease with abnormal cardiac function. Accumulating evidence has indicated certain non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), functioning as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), impacting the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, the specific involvement of ncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulatory mechanisms in TIC remains elusive. The present research aims to comprehensively investigate changes in the expressions of all ncRNA using whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing. The sequencing analysis unveiled significant dysregulation, identifying a total of 43 circular RNAs (circRNAs), 270 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), 12 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 4131 mRNAs in trastuzumab-treated mouse hearts. Subsequently, circRNA-based ceRNA networks consisting of 82 nodes and 91 edges, as well as lncRNA-based ceRNA networks comprising 111 nodes and 112 edges, were constructed. Using the CytoNCA plugin, pivotal genes-miR-31-5p and miR-644-5p-were identified within these networks, exhibiting potential relevance in TIC treatment. Additionally, KEGG and GO analyses were conducted to explore the functional pathways associated with the genes within the ceRNA networks. The outcomes of the predicted ceRNAs and bioinformatics analyses elucidated the plausible involvement of ncRNAs in TIC pathogenesis. This insight contributes to a better understanding of underlying mechanisms and aids in identifying promising targets for effective prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suifen Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Ni Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Nan Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zijun Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yuanying Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wenqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Das SS, Mahapatra SK. Consequence of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Heat Sink Effect of Blood in a Three-Dimensional Bifurcated Vessel. J Biomech Eng 2024; 146:091001. [PMID: 38477912 DOI: 10.1115/1.4065058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Several diseases like Sickle Cell Anemia, Thalassemia, Hereditary Spherocytosis, Malaria, and Micro-angiopathic Hemolytic Anemia can alter the normal shape of red blood cells (RBCs). The objective of this study is to gain insight into how a change in RBC deformability can affect blood heat transfer. The heat sink effect in a bifurcated vessel with two asymptotic cases (case 1: deformable and case 2: nondeformable RBCs) is being studied during hyperthermia treatment in a three-dimensional bifurcated vessel, whose wall is being subjected to constant heat flux boundary condition. Euler-Euler multiphase method along with the granular model and Kinetic theory is used to include the particle nature of RBCs during blood flow in the current model. To enhance the efficiency of the numerical model, user-defined functions (UDFs) are imported into the model from the C++ interface. The numerical model used is verified with the experimental results from (Carr and Tiruvaloor, 1989, "Enhancement of Heat Transfer in Red Cell Suspensions In Vitro Experiments," ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 111(2), pp. 152-156; Yeleswarapu et al. 1998, "The Flow of Blood in Tubes: Theory and Experiment," Mech. Res. Commun., 25(3), pp. 257-262). The results indicate that the deformability of RBCs can change both the flow dynamics and heat sink effect in a bifurcated vessel, which subsequently affects the efficacy and efficiency of the thermal ablation procedure. Both spatial and transient Nusselt numbers of blood flow with deformable RBCs are slightly higher compared to the one with nondeformable RBCs.
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Mir BA, Sharma B, Sharma R, Bodh V, Chauhan A, Majeed T, Haq I, Sharma N, Sharma D. A Prospective Randomised Comparative Four-arm Intervention Study of Efficacy and Safety of Saroglitazar and Vitamin E in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)/Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)-SVIN TRIAL. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101398. [PMID: 38628977 PMCID: PMC11017282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Vitamin E is widely prescribed for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Saroglitazar, a novel dual peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor ɑ/γ agonist, is approved in India for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). No head-to-head comparative study for vitamin E and saroglitazar is available. We studied the efficacy and safety of saroglitazar and vitamin E in NAFLD/NASH. Materials and methods We prospectively randomised 175 NAFLD patients into four arms as Saroglitazar 4 mg daily alone (n = 44), vitamin E 800IU daily alone (n = 41), vitamin E and saroglitazar combination (n = 47), and control arm (n = 43). All the baseline variables including liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) were recorded. Reassessment was done after 24 weeks of treatment. Results The mean age and body mass index was 45 ± 11 years and 26 ± 3.6 kg/m2, respectively. Compared to control, the decrease in alanine amino transferase levels with saroglitazar, vitamin E, and combination therapy was significant (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.27-28.25, P = 0.002, 95% CI: -3.39 to 18.88, P = 0.047 and 95% CI: 8.10-29.54, P = 0.001, respectively). The reduction in CAP was significant with saroglitazar and combination therapy (95% CI: -31.94 to 11.99, P = 0.015 and 95% CI: -10.48 to 30.51, P = 0.026, respectively). Only combination therapy shows significant reduction in LSM (95% CI: 0.41-1.68, P = 0.001). Among glycaemic parameters, both saroglitazar alone and combination therapy significantly improved glycosylated haemoglobin levels (P = 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively), and only combination therapy significantly improved homoeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (P = 0.047). Saroglitazar alone showed significant reduction in triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels (P = 0.038 and P = 0.018, respectively), and combination therapy showed significant increase in high-density lipoprotein levels (P = 0.024). Conclusions Combination of Saroglitazar and vitamin E showed statistically significant reduction of LSM and CAP along with biochemical, glycaemic, and lipid parameters. Clinical trial registry India no CTRI/2022/01/039538.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A. Mir
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Brij Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Vishal Bodh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Ashish Chauhan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Tahir Majeed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Inaamul Haq
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Neetu Sharma
- Department of Physiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
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Arnaut N, Pastorello Y, Slevin M. Monomeric C-reactive protein: a link between chronic inflammation and neurodegeneration? Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1643-1644. [PMID: 38103221 PMCID: PMC10960304 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Arnaut
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Ylenia Pastorello
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Mark Slevin
- Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research (CCAMF), George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Târgu Mures, Romania
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