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Ishchenko AA, Syniugina AT. Structure and Photosensitaizer Ability of Polymethine Dyes in Photodynamic Therapy: A Review. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-023-09754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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2
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Malý P, Lüttig J, Rose PA, Turkin A, Lambert C, Krich JJ, Brixner T. Separating single- from multi-particle dynamics in nonlinear spectroscopy. Nature 2023; 616:280-287. [PMID: 36973449 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Quantum states depend on the coordinates of all their constituent particles, with essential multi-particle correlations. Time-resolved laser spectroscopy1 is widely used to probe the energies and dynamics of excited particles and quasiparticles such as electrons and holes2,3, excitons4-6, plasmons7, polaritons8 or phonons9. However, nonlinear signals from single- and multiple-particle excitations are all present simultaneously and cannot be disentangled without a priori knowledge of the system4,10. Here, we show that transient absorption-the most commonly used nonlinear spectroscopy-with N prescribed excitation intensities allows separation of the dynamics into N increasingly nonlinear contributions; in systems well-described by discrete excitations, these N contributions systematically report on zero to N excitations. We obtain clean single-particle dynamics even at high excitation intensities and can systematically increase the number of interacting particles, infer their interaction energies and reconstruct their dynamics, which are not measurable via conventional means. We extract single- and multiple-exciton dynamics in squaraine polymers11,12 and, contrary to common assumption6,13, we find that the excitons, on average, meet several times before annihilating. This surprising ability of excitons to survive encounters is important for efficient organic photovoltaics14,15. As we demonstrate on five diverse systems, our procedure is general, independent of the measured system or type of observed (quasi)particle and straightforward to implement. We envision future applicability in the probing of (quasi)particle interactions in such diverse areas as plasmonics7, Auger recombination2 and exciton correlations in quantum dots5,16,17, singlet fission18, exciton interactions in two-dimensional materials19 and in molecules20,21, carrier multiplication22, multiphonon scattering9 or polariton-polariton interaction8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Malý
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Julian Lüttig
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter A Rose
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arthur Turkin
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacob J Krich
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Tobias Brixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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3
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Mishra S, Soren S, Debnath AK, Muthe K, Das N, Parhi P. Microwave‐mediated One‐step Synthesis of CeVO
4
‐rGO Composites with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity under Visible Light. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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4
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Atanova AV, Seregin DS, Zhigalina OM, Khmelenin DN, Orlov GA, Turkina DI, Sigov AS, Vorotilov KA. Control of Columnar Grain Microstructure in CSD LaNiO(3) Films. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36838926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Conductive LaNiO3 (LNO) films with an ABO3 perovskite structure deposited on silicon wafers are a promising material for various electronics applications. The creation of a well-defined columnar grain structure in CSD (Chemical Solution Deposition) LNO films is challenging to achieve on an amorphous substrate. Here, we report the formation of columnar grain structure in LNO films deposited on the Si-SiO2 substrate via layer-by-layer deposition with the control of soft-baking temperature and high temperature annealing time of each deposited layer. The columnar structure is controlled not by typical heterogeneous nucleation on the film/substrate interface, but by the crystallites' coalescence during the successive layers' deposition and annealing. The columnar structure of LNO film provides the low resistivity value ρ~700 µOhm·cm and is well suited to lead zirconate-titanate (PZT) film growth with perfect crystalline structure and ferroelectric performance. These results extend the understanding of columnar grain growth via CSD techniques and may enable the development of new materials and devices for distinct applications.
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Testa C, Oliveto S, Jacchetti E, Donnaloja F, Martinelli C, Pinoli P, Osellame R, Cerullo G, Ceri S, Biffo S, Raimondi MT. Whole transcriptomic analysis of mesenchymal stem cells cultured in Nichoid micro-scaffolds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:945474. [PMID: 36686258 PMCID: PMC9852851 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.945474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to be ideal candidates for clinical applications where not only regenerative potential but also immunomodulation ability is fundamental. Over the last years, increasing efforts have been put into the design and fabrication of 3D synthetic niches, conceived to emulate the native tissue microenvironment and aiming at efficiently controlling the MSC phenotype in vitro. In this panorama, our group patented an engineered microstructured scaffold, called Nichoid. It is fabricated through two-photon polymerization, a technique enabling the creation of 3D structures with control of scaffold geometry at the cell level and spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit, down to 100 nm. The Nichoid's capacity to maintain higher levels of stemness as compared to 2D substrates, with no need for adding exogenous soluble factors, has already been demonstrated in MSCs, neural precursors, and murine embryonic stem cells. In this work, we evaluated how three-dimensionality can influence the whole gene expression profile in rat MSCs. Our results show that at only 4 days from cell seeding, gene activation is affected in a significant way, since 654 genes appear to be differentially expressed (392 upregulated and 262 downregulated) between cells cultured in 3D Nichoids and in 2D controls. The functional enrichment analysis shows that differentially expressed genes are mainly enriched in pathways related to the actin cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix (ECM), and, in particular, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), thus confirming the important role of cell morphology and adhesions in determining the MSC phenotype. In conclusion, our results suggest that the Nichoid, thanks to its exclusive architecture and 3D cell adhesion properties, is not only a useful tool for governing cell stemness but could also be a means for controlling immune-related MSC features specifically involved in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Testa
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy,Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy,*Correspondence: Carolina Testa, ; Manuela T. Raimondi,
| | - Stefania Oliveto
- Department of Bioscience (DBS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Jacchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Donnaloja
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Pietro Pinoli
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Osellame
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology (IFN)-CNR and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology (IFN)-CNR and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Ceri
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Biffo
- Department of Bioscience (DBS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Manuela T. Raimondi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy,*Correspondence: Carolina Testa, ; Manuela T. Raimondi,
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Kumawat AK, Rathore SS, Singh S, Nathawat R. Structural Transition and Photoluminescence behavior of (V2O5)1-x (Ag0.33V2O5)x (x=0 to 0.1) Nanocomposites. Results in Chemistry 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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7
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Gelin MF, Chen L, Domcke W. Equation-of-Motion Methods for the Calculation of Femtosecond Time-Resolved 4-Wave-Mixing and N-Wave-Mixing Signals. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17339-17396. [PMID: 36278801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond nonlinear spectroscopy is the main tool for the time-resolved detection of photophysical and photochemical processes. Since most systems of chemical interest are rather complex, theoretical support is indispensable for the extraction of the intrinsic system dynamics from the detected spectroscopic responses. There exist two alternative theoretical formalisms for the calculation of spectroscopic signals, the nonlinear response-function (NRF) approach and the spectroscopic equation-of-motion (EOM) approach. In the NRF formalism, the system-field interaction is assumed to be sufficiently weak and is treated in lowest-order perturbation theory for each laser pulse interacting with the sample. The conceptual alternative to the NRF method is the extraction of the spectroscopic signals from the solutions of quantum mechanical, semiclassical, or quasiclassical EOMs which govern the time evolution of the material system interacting with the radiation field of the laser pulses. The NRF formalism and its applications to a broad range of material systems and spectroscopic signals have been comprehensively reviewed in the literature. This article provides a detailed review of the suite of EOM methods, including applications to 4-wave-mixing and N-wave-mixing signals detected with weak or strong fields. Under certain circumstances, the spectroscopic EOM methods may be more efficient than the NRF method for the computation of various nonlinear spectroscopic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim F Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching,Germany
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8
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Xian Q, Xiao X, Yu J, Gan Y, Chen L, He X, Wang E, Dan H, Zhu L, Ding Y, Duan T. High Retention Immobilization of Iodine in B–Bi–Zn Oxide Glass Using Bi 2O 3 as a Stabilizer under a N 2 Atmosphere. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19633-19641. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xian
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Jiaping Yu
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Yi Gan
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Li Chen
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Xinmiao He
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Enchao Wang
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Hui Dan
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
- National Co-Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Tao Duan
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
- National Co-Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
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9
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Klimavicius V, Maršalka A, Kizalaite A, Zarkov A, Kareiva A, Aidas K, Hirschinger J, Balevicius V. Step-by-step from amorphous phosphate to nano-structured calcium hydroxyapatite: monitoring by solid-state 1H and 31P NMR and spin dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18952-18965. [PMID: 35916288 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02108k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The solid-state 1H, 31P NMR spectra and cross-polarization (CP MAS) kinetics in the series of samples containing amorphous phosphate phase (AMP), composite of AMP + nano-structured calcium hydroxyapatite (nano-CaHA) and high-crystalline nano-CaHA were studied under moderate spinning rates (5-30 kHz). The combined analysis of the solid-state 1H and 31P NMR spectra provides the possibility to determine the hydration numbers of the components and the phase composition index. A broad set of spin dynamics models (isotropic/anisotropic, relaxing/non-relaxing, secular/semi-non-secular) was applied and fitted to the experimental CP MAS data. The anisotropic model with the angular averaging of dipolar coupling was applied for AMP and nano-CaHA for the first time. It was deduced that the spin diffusion in AMP is close to isotropic, whereas it is highly anisotropic in nano-CaHA being close to the Ising-type. This can be caused by the different number of internuclear interactions that must be explicitly considered in the spin system for AMP (I-S spin pair) and nano-CaHA (IN-S spin system with N ≥ 2). The P-H distance in nano-CaHA was found to be significantly shorter than its crystallographic value. An underestimation can be caused by several factors, among those - proton conductivity via a large-amplitude motion of protons (O-H tumbling and the short-range diffusion) that occurs along OH- chains. The P-H distance deduced for AMP, i.e. the compound with HPO42- as the dominant structure, is fairly well matched to the crystallographic data. This means that the CP MAS kinetics is a capable technique to obtain complementary information on the proton localization in H-bonds and the proton transfer in the cases where traditional structure determination methods fail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arūnas Maršalka
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Agne Kizalaite
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aleksej Zarkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aivaras Kareiva
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Aidas
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Jérôme Hirschinger
- Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vytautas Balevicius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Slavickas A, Kaliatka T, Pabarčius R, Rimkevičius S. The impact of fuel depletion scheme within SCALE code on the criticality of spent fuel pool with RBMK fuel assemblies. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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11
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Yang Y, Wu H, Zou Y, Fang X, Li S, Song Y, Wang Z, Zhang B. Facile Synthesis of Monodispersed Titanium Nitride Quantum Dots for Harmonic Mode-Locking Generation in an Ultrafast Fiber Laser. Nanomaterials 2022; 12:2280. [PMID: 35808114 PMCID: PMC9268693 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As a member of the transition metal nitride material family, titanium nitride (TiN) quantum dots (QDs) have attracted great attention in optical and electronic fields because of their excellent optoelectronic properties and favorable stability. Herein, TiN QDs were synthesized and served as a saturable absorber (SA) for an ultrafast fiber laser. Due to the strong nonlinear optical absorption characteristics with a modulation depth of ~33%, the typical fundamental mode-locked pulses and harmonics mode-locked pulses can be easily obtained in an ultrafast erbium-doped fiber laser with a TiN-QD SA. In addition, at the maximum pump power, harmonic mode-locked pulses with a repetition rate of ~1 GHz (164th order) and a pulse duration of ~1.45 ps are achieved. As far as we know, the repetition rate is the highest in the ultrafast fiber laser using TiN QDs as an SA. Thus, these experimental results indicate that TiN QDs can be considered a promising material, showing more potential in the category of ultrafast laser and nonlinear optics.
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Tashakor M, Behrooz RD, Asvad SR, Kaskaoutis DG. Tracing of Heavy Metals Embedded in Indoor Dust Particles from the Industrial City of Asaluyeh, South of Iran. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19. [PMID: 35805563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of indoor air quality is especially important, since people spend substantial amounts of time indoors, either at home or at work. This study analyzes concentrations of selected heavy metals in 40 indoor dust samples obtained from houses in the highly-industrialized Asaluyeh city, south Iran in spring and summer seasons (20 samples each). Furthermore, the health risk due to exposure to indoor air pollution is investigated for both children and adults, in a city with several oil refineries and petrochemical industries. The chemical analysis revealed that in both seasons the concentrations of heavy metals followed the order of Cr > Ni > Pb > As > Co > Cd. A significant difference was observed in the concentrations of potential toxic elements (PTEs) such as Cr, As and Ni, since the mean (±stdev) summer levels were at 60.2 ± 9.1 mg kg−1, 5.6 ± 2.7 mg kg−1 and 16.4 ± 1.9 mg kg−1, respectively, while the concentrations were significantly lower in spring (17.6 ± 9.7 mg kg−1, 3.0 ± 1.7 mg kg−1 and 13.5 ± 2.4 mg kg−1 for Cr, As and Ni, respectively). Although the hazard index (HI) values, which denote the possibility of non-carcinogenic risk due to exposure to household heavy metals, were generally low for both children and adults (HI < 1), the carcinogenic risks of arsenic and chromium were found to be above the safe limit of 1 × 10−4 for children through the ingestion pathway, indicating a high cancer risk due to household dust in Asaluyeh, especially in summer.
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Gorban A, Shylo A, Dmitrenko V, Tsololo S, Akhkozov L, Burkhovetsky V, Shapovalova O, Gorban O, Danilenko I. Zirconia-Based Nanomaterials for Alternative Energy Application: Concept of Research in Smart Laboratory. Arab J Sci Eng. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-06976-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Ašmontas S, Čerškus A, Gradauskas J, Grigucevičienė A, Juškėnas R, Leinartas K, Lučun A, Petrauskas K, Selskis A, Staišiūnas L, Sužiedėlis A, Šilėnas A, Širmulis E. Photoelectric Properties of Planar and Mesoporous Structured Perovskite Solar Cells. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15124300. [PMID: 35744358 PMCID: PMC9230565 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The high efficiency of perovskite solar cells strongly depends on the quality of perovskite films and carrier extraction layers. Here, we present the results of an investigation of the photoelectric properties of solar cells based on perovskite films grown on compact and mesoporous titanium dioxide layers. Kinetics of charge carrier transport and their extraction in triple-cation perovskite solar cells were studied by using transient photovoltage and time-resolved photoluminescence decay measurements. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the crystallinity of the perovskite films grown on mesoporous titanium dioxide is better compared to the films grown on compact TiO2. Mesoporous structured perovskite solar cells are found to have higher power conversion efficiency mainly due to enlarged perovskite/mesoporous -TiO2 interfacial area and better crystallinity of their perovskite films.
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15
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Karabuga M, Erdogan S, Timur SS, Vural I, Çalamak S, Ulubayram K. Development of tumor-specific liposomes containing quantum dots-photosensitizer conjugate used for radiotherapy. J Liposome Res 2022; 32:396-404. [PMID: 35704022 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2022.2087082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop a multifunctional liposomal radiosensitizer to destroy more tumor cells by using lower radiation doses compared to clinically used 6 MV X-ray doses. To achieve this aim, first Chlorine-e6 (Ce6) was covalently bound to functional groups of outer surfaces of quantum dots (QDs) through EDC/NHS reactions. Then, QDs-Ce6 conjugate loaded, nanosized, PEG-coated, and tumor-specific folic acid-modified immunoliposome dispersions were prepared by film method. Enhanced anti-proliferation activity of free and liposomal conjugate against 4T1 (murine breast cancer) cell lines was investigated at different X-ray doses (5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy). As a result, the best radiosensitizer effect was observed at a 5 Gy X-ray dose and it was found that following the X-ray irradiation, immunoliposome dispersions containing QDs-Ce6 conjugate killed 26.8 ± 1.7% more cancer cells than radiation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karabuga
- Department of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, Graduated School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Erdogan
- Department of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, Graduated School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S S Timur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - I Vural
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Çalamak
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - K Ulubayram
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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16
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Gungor AC, Koepfli SM, Baumann M, Ibili H, Smajic J, Leuthold J. Modeling Hydrodynamic Charge Transport in Graphene. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15124141. [PMID: 35744200 PMCID: PMC9228317 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphene has exceptional electronic properties, such as zero band gap, massless carriers, and high mobility. These exotic carrier properties enable the design and development of unique graphene devices. However, traditional semiconductor solvers based on drift-diffusion equations are not capable of modeling and simulating the charge distribution and transport in graphene, accurately, to its full extent. The effects of charge inertia, viscosity, collective charge movement, contact doping, etc., cannot be accounted for by the conventional Poisson-drift-diffusion models, due to the underlying assumptions and simplifications. Therefore, this article proposes two mathematical models to analyze and simulate graphene-based devices. The first model is based on a modified nonlinear Poisson’s equation, which solves for the Fermi level and charge distribution electrostatically on graphene, by considering gating and contact doping. The second proposed solver focuses on the transport of the carriers by solving a hydrodynamic model. Furthermore, this model is applied to a Tesla-valve structure, where the viscosity and collective motion of the carriers play an important role, giving rise to rectification. These two models allow us to model unique electronic properties of graphene that could be paramount for the design of future graphene devices.
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Padrez Y, Golubewa L, Kulahava T, Vladimirskaja T, Semenkova G, Adzerikho I, Yatsevich O, Amaegberi N, Karpicz R, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P, Rutkauskas D. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of pulmonary arterial hypertension fibrosis using wide-field second harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7330. [PMID: 35513702 PMCID: PMC9072392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11473-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated that wide-field second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy of lung tissue in combination with quantitative analysis of SHG images is a powerful tool for fast and label-free visualization of the fibrosis pathogenesis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Statistical analysis of the SHG images revealed changes of the collagen content and morphology in the lung tissue during the monocrotaline-induced PAH progression in rats. First order statistics disclosed the dependence of the collagen overproduction on time, the second order statistics indicated tightening of collagen fiber network around blood vessels and their spreading into the alveolar region. Fourier analysis revealed that enhancement of the fiber orientation in the collagen network with PAH progression was followed with its subsequent reduction at the terminating phase of the disease. Proposed approach has potential for assessing pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial lung disease, after lung(s) transplantation, cancer, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaraslau Padrez
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania. .,Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Lena Golubewa
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana Kulahava
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Renata Karpicz
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Yuri Svirko
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Photonics, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Photonics, Joensuu, Finland
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18
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Sava I, Stoica I, Topala I, Mihaila I, Barzic AI. Photodesign and fabrication of surface relief gratings on films of polyimide-based supramolecular systems obtained using host-guest strategy. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Jarockyte G, Poderys V, Barzda V, Karabanovas V, Rotomskis R. Blood Plasma Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters for Personalized Tumor Theranostics. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081887. [PMID: 35454798 PMCID: PMC9030650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is a disease that has a high fatality rate over the world. Nanotechnology is one of the most promising current approaches for developing novel diagnostic and treatment methods in accomplishing more personalized medicine. Personalized gold nanoclusters have potential to be used in cancer theranostics. We demonstrate that biocompatible gold nanoclusters could be synthesized directly in human blood plasma. Such gold nanoclusters have a wide photoluminescence band in the optical tissue window and generate reactive oxygen species under irradiation with visible light, thus are suitable for cancer theranostics. Abstract Personalized cancer theranostics has a potential to increase efficiency of early cancer diagnostics and treatment, and to reduce negative side-effects. Protein-stabilized gold nanoclusters may serve as theranostic agents. To make gold nanoclusters personalized and highly biocompatible, the clusters were stabilized with human plasma proteins. Optical properties of synthesized nanoclusters were investigated spectroscopically, and possible biomedical application was evaluated using standard cell biology methods. The spectroscopic investigations of human plasma proteins stabilized gold nanoclusters revealed that a wide photoluminescence band in the optical tissue window is suitable for cancer diagnostics. High-capacity generation of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species was also observed. Furthermore, the cluster accumulation in cancer cells and the photodynamic effect were evaluated. The results demonstrate that plasma proteins stabilized gold nanoclusters that accumulate in breast cancer cells and are non-toxic in the dark, while appear phototoxic under irradiation with visible light. The results positively confirm the utility of plasma protein stabilized gold nanoclusters for the use in cancer diagnostics and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Jarockyte
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (G.J.); (V.P.); (R.R.)
- Life Science Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Vilius Poderys
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (G.J.); (V.P.); (R.R.)
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Toronto, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Vitalijus Karabanovas
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (G.J.); (V.P.); (R.R.)
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
| | - Ricardas Rotomskis
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (G.J.); (V.P.); (R.R.)
- Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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21
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Boonruang C, Won-in K, Nimsuwan N, Pakawanit P, Tippawan U, Thongleurm C, Dararutana P. Characterization of Ancient Burial Pottery of Ban Muang Bua Archaeological Site (Northeastern Thailand) Using X-ray Spectroscopies. Applied Sciences 2022; 12:2568. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ancient potteries found at Ban Muang Bua, located in northeastern Thailand, associate with Thung Kula Ronghai culture. Most of them are products used in daily life and grave goods. The potsherds were examined using techniques based on X-ray spectroscopy. Elemental composition and morphology were analyzed using proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Three-dimensional analysis was performed using X-ray tomographic microscopy based on synchrotron radiation (SR XTM). Irregular plate-like particles of composites with a wide range of size distribution were found in the potsherds. The major (O, Si, and Al), minor (C, Fe, Ca, and K), and trace elements (P, S, Ti, Na, Mg, and Zn) which were observed can provide the information about raw materials and production of pottery. The 3D tomographic images show the internal feature of these samples. The combination of SEM-EDS, PIXE, and SR XTM is a powerful tool for archaeological research especially in terms of composition and internal structure. The results imply that the raw materials of pottery were sandy soil derived from marine sands, clays, and salt deposits that were mostly iron-rich-kaolin clay. The production was carried out with low firing temperatures (~600–900 °C) in open-air kilns.
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22
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Zhao H, Zhang W, Song H, Zhao J, Yang J, Yan L, Qiao B, Chou L. Highly coke-resistant Ni-La2O2CO3 catalyst with low Ni loading for dry reforming of methane with carbon dioxide. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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23
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Gopika S, Augustine C. Theoretical studies on the coordination chemistry of phytosiderophores with special reference to Fe-nicotianamine complexes in graminaceous plants. J Mol Model 2022; 28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Melchiorre M, Amoresano A, Budzelaar PHM, Cucciolito ME, Mocerino F, Pinto G, Ruffo F, Tuzi A, Esposito R. Parts-Per-Million (Salen)Fe(III) Homogeneous Catalysts for the Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oils. Catal Letters. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-03948-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis work describes the application of a library of iron(III)-salen catalysts in the production of biodiesel from vegetable oils. The conversion of neutral soybean oil is complete within two hours at 160–180 °C with low catalyst loading (0.10 mol%). A comparative screening reveals that the catalysts containing acetate as a fifth ligand are the most performing, and these have been conveniently used to convert acidic and waste cooking oils (WCO). WCOs were used as received without further purification to produce biodiesel in high yield (85–90%) under optimized conditions (2 h at 180 °C, catalyst loading 0.1 mol%, oil to alcohol molar ratio 1:20). The iron content in the lipophilic and hydrophilic phases of the crude mixture was investigated and the residual concentration in biodiesel was found to be in the order of 10–14 ppm, comparable to that contained in biodiesels from other sources.
Graphical Abstract
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25
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Abstract
Chemical systems normally possess strong nonlinear vibronic couplings at both zero and finite temperature. For the lowest-order quadratic couplings, here, we introduce a squeezing operator into a variational coherent-state-based method, Davydov ansatz, to simulate the quantum dynamics and the respective spectroscopy. Two molecular systems, pyrazine and the 2-pyridone dimer, are taken as calculated model systems, both of which involve nontrivial quadratic vibronic couplings in high- and low-frequency regions, respectively. Upon a comparison with the benchmarks, the method manifests its advantage for nonlinear couplings. The squeezed bases are also proven to be applicable for the finite temperature by adapting with the thermofield dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zeng
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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26
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Birajdar SS, Kumbharkhane AC, Hallale S, Hudge PG, Suryawanshi DB. Thermodynamic and Dielectric Properties of Cyclohexanol-Xylene Binary Mixtures Using Dielectric Spectroscopy. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2032767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Birajdar
- School of Physical Science, S.R.T.M. University, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - A. C. Kumbharkhane
- School of Physical Science, S.R.T.M. University, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - S.N. Hallale
- Department of Chemistry, Maharashtra Udayagiri Mahavidyalaya, Udgir, Maharashtra, India
| | - P. G. Hudge
- Department of Physics, S.I.C.E.S. Degree College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Ambernath (W), Thane, India
| | - D. B. Suryawanshi
- Departemnt of Physics and Electronics, Shri Havagiswami Mahavidyalaya, Udgir, Maharashtra, India
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27
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Guan Z, Liu P, Zhou T, Zhou L, Zhang D, Xie Q, Yu Q, He Y, Wang S, Wang X, Zhao W. Study on the Light Field Regulation of UVC-LED Disinfection for Cold Chain Transportation. Applied Sciences 2022; 12:1285. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the pain point that cold chain transportation urgently needs for an efficient disinfection method is pointed out. Thus, this work aims at solving the problems and improving the disinfection efficiency in cold chain transportation. While Ultraviolet-C (UVC) irradiation is an effective method by which to kill viruses, it is difficult to apply the commonly used UVC-LED disinfection light source to ice-covered cold chain transportation due to its uneven light field distribution. Thus, the light field regulation of UVC-LED disinfection for cold chain transportation is studied. A UVC-LED chip with a wavelength of 275 nm was used as a light source, and parallel light was obtained by collimating lenses. Then, microlens array homogenization technology was used to shape the UVC light into a uniform light spot, with an energy space uniformity rate of 96.4%. Moreover, a simulation was conducted to compare the effects of the ice layer on the absorption of UVC light. Finally, an experiment was carried out to verify that the disinfection efficiency can be increased nearly by 30% with the proposed system by disinfecting E. coli (Escherichia coli), and the results indicate that the proposed system is an effective disinfection solution during cold chain transportation.
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28
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Vasiliauskienė V, Vasilis Vasiliauskas A. A Case Study on the Assessment of Chemical and Physical Pollution Levels during the Copying Process. Sustainability 2022; 14:1287. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In accordance with sustainable development goals (SDG’s), urgent action should be taken to make the societal and natural environments better for human beings. People spend most of their time indoors, therefore growing attention is devoted to address indoor air pollution. When the sources of anthropogenic indoor air pollution (copiers, laser printers) are operated indoors, then chemical and physical indoor air pollution may be higher than air pollution outdoors. Ozone, aerosol particles and volatile organic compounds are the result of pollution caused by copiers and printers. The research was carried out in a copying room by recording chemical (ozone and aerosol particles) and physical (noise) environmental pollution. To determine instantaneous ozone concentrations in the copying room, an ozone analyzer O3 41M was used, while to evaluate the effect of ozone on the ambient air of the copying room, passive samplers were used. To determine the number and concentration of aerosol particles in the ambient air of the office, a particle counter AZ-5 was used. In addition, a DrDAQ data logger was used to measure noise emitted by the copier and ambient temperature as well as relative air humidity. It was found that the distribution of ozone and aerosol particles in the copying room was mostly determined by the copying intensity. The maximum concentration of ozone and aerosol particles was determined during automatic copying (91–120 copies/min).
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29
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Abstract
The broadband electrical properties of Ag1−xLixNbO3 (ALNx) ceramics (x ≤ 0.1) together with AgNbO3 (AN) crystals were studied over a wide temperature interval of 20–800 K. For ALNx with x ≤ 0.05, a very diffused ferroelectric phase transition was observed. The position of the dielectric permittivity maximum in this phase transition is strongly frequency-dependent and is described well by the Vogel–Fulcher law. The freezing temperature decreases when the lithium concentration increases. Below the ferroelectric phase transition temperature, the dielectric dispersion is mainly caused by ferroelectric domain dynamics. Moreover, for ALN3 and ALN5 ceramics at very low temperatures (below 100 K), behavior typical of dipolar glasses is observed. At higher temperatures (above 650 K for ALN5), electrical conductivity effects become important. The DC conductivity increases with temperature according to the Arhenius law and the activation energy is highest in the antiferroelectric phase. Moreover, the activation energy is strongly dependent on the lithium concentration and it is greatest when x = 0.02.
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Chen H, Hu J, Wang X, Bai P, Chen X, Yang X, Wu F, Zhang Z, Yang X, Gui J, Qian J, Liu Y, Xu Y, Leng Y. Numerical Investigation of the Temporal Contrast in ps-OPCPA with Compact Double BBO Arrangement. Applied Sciences 2022; 12:934. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The picosecond optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier (ps-OPCPA) with double BBO arrangement can support the ultrabroad spectrum even under a relatively long pump pulse duration (∼100 ps). In this work, five-wave-coupled equations taking into consideration different phase matching conditions between the parametric superfluorescence (PSF) and the signal are proposed to investigate the temporal contrast in ps-OPCPA schemes. Both the temporal contrast and the amplified spectrum are numerically analyzed in double BBO arrangements with four phase matching conditions. Numerical results show that the high temporal contrast and ultrabroad spectrum can be simultaneously realized by choosing the proper phase matching geometry in a double BBO arrangement. The numerical investigation here relaxes the requirement of very short pump pulses in ps-OPCPA, which can provide beneficial guidance for the design and construction of ps-OPCPA.
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31
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Braver Y, Valkunas L, Gelzinis A. Stark absorption and Stark fluorescence spectroscopies: Theory and simulations. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:244101. [PMID: 34972359 DOI: 10.1063/5.0073962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stark spectroscopy experiments are widely used to study the properties of molecular systems, particularly those containing charge-transfer (CT) states. However, due to the small transition dipole moments and large static dipole moments of the CT states, the standard interpretation of the Stark absorption and Stark fluorescence spectra in terms of the Liptay model may be inadequate. In this work, we provide a theoretical framework for calculations of Stark absorption and Stark fluorescence spectra and propose new methods of simulations that are based on the quantum-classical theory. In particular, we use the forward-backward trajectory solution and a variant of the Poisson bracket mapping equation, which have been recently adapted for the calculation of conventional (field-free) absorption and fluorescence spectra. For comparison, we also apply the recently proposed complex time-dependent Redfield theory, while exact results are obtained using the hierarchical equations of motion approach. We show that the quantum-classical methods produce accurate results for a wide range of systems, including those containing CT states. The CT states contribute significantly to the Stark spectra, and the standard Liptay formalism is shown to be inapplicable for the analysis of spectroscopic data in those cases. We demonstrate that states with large static dipole moments may cause a pronounced change in the total fluorescence yield of the system in the presence of an external electric field. This effect is correctly captured by the quantum-classical methods, which should therefore prove useful for further studies of Stark spectra of real molecular systems. As an example, we calculate the Stark spectra for the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex of green sulfur bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakov Braver
- Faculty of Physics, Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania and Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Leonas Valkunas
- Faculty of Physics, Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania and Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Gelzinis
- Faculty of Physics, Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania and Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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32
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Abstract
Fiber laser technology has been demonstrated as a versatile and reliable approach to laser source manufacturing with a wide range of applicability in various fields ranging from science to industry. The power/energy scaling of single-fiber laser systems has faced several fundamental limitations. To overcome them and to boost the power/energy level even further, combining the output powers of multiple lasers has become the primary approach. Among various combining techniques, the coherent beam combining of fiber amplification channels is the most promising approach, instrumenting ultra-high-power/energy lasers with near-diffraction-limited beam quality. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of coherent beam combining for both continuous-wave and ultrafast fiber lasers. The concept of coherent beam combining from basic notions to specific details of methods, requirements, and challenges is discussed, along with reporting some practical architectures for both continuous and ultrafast fiber lasers.
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Yıldırım MH. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and in-silico bio-activity studies of (E)-4,6-dibromo-2-[(2-bromo-4-methylphenylimino)methyl]-3-methoxyphenol. J Mol Struct 2021; 1245:131141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhao S, Liu H, Qie M, Zhang J, Tan L, Zhao Y. Stable Isotope Analysis for Authenticity and Traceability in Food of Animal Origin. Food Reviews International 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2005087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Haijin Liu
- Tibet Autonomous Region Agricultural and Livestock Product Quality and Safety Inspection Testing Center, Lhasa, China
| | - Mengjie Qie
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jiukai Zhang
- Agro-Product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Liqin Tan
- Changgao Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beipiao, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Klimavicius V, Dagys L, Klimkevičius V, Lengvinaitė D, Aidas K, Balčiu Nas S, Banys J, Chizhik V, Balevicius V. Solid-State NMR and Impedance Spectroscopy Study of Spin Dynamics in Proton-Conducting Polymers: An Application of Anisotropic Relaxing Model. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:12592-12602. [PMID: 34748346 PMCID: PMC8607415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The 1H–13C cross-polarization (CP)
kinetics in poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride]
(PMETAC) was studied under moderate (10 kHz) magic-angle spinning
(MAS). To elucidate the role of adsorbed water in spin diffusion and
proton conductivity, PMETAC was degassed under vacuum. The CP MAS
results were processed by applying the anisotropic Naito and McDowell
spin dynamics model, which includes the complete scheme of the rotating
frame spin–lattice relaxation pathways. Some earlier studied
proton-conducting and nonconducting polymers were added to the analysis
in order to prove the capability of the used approach and to get more
general conclusions. The spin-diffusion rate constant, which describes
the damping of the coherences, was found to be strongly depending
on the dipolar I–S coupling constant (DIS). The spin diffusion, associated with the incoherent thermal
equilibration with the bath, was found to be most probably independent
of DIS. It was deduced that the drying
scarcely influences the spin-diffusion rates; however, it significantly
(1 order of magnitude) reduces the rotating frame spin–lattice
relaxation times. The drying causes the polymer hardening that reflects
the changes of the local order parameters. The impedance spectroscopy
was applied to study proton conductivity. The activation energies
for dielectric relaxation and proton conductivity were determined,
and the vehicle-type conductivity mechanism was accepted. The spin-diffusion
processes occur on the microsecond scale and are one order faster
than the dielectric relaxation. The possibility to determine the proton
location in the H-bonded structures in powders using CP MAS technique
is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurynas Dagys
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, U.K
| | | | - Dovilė Lengvinaitė
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Aidas
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sergejus Balčiu Nas
- Institute of Applied Electrodynamics and Telecommunications, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Juras Banys
- Institute of Applied Electrodynamics and Telecommunications, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vladimir Chizhik
- Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vytautas Balevicius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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36
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Braver Y, Valkunas L, Gelzinis A. Quantum-Classical Approach for Calculations of Absorption and Fluorescence: Principles and Applications. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7157-7168. [PMID: 34618457 PMCID: PMC8719324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques provide a wealth of information on molecular systems. The simulations of such experiments remain challenging, however, despite the efforts put into developing the underlying theory. An attractive method of simulating the behavior of molecular systems is provided by the quantum-classical theory─it enables one to keep track of the state of the bath explicitly, which is needed for accurate calculations of fluorescence spectra. Unfortunately, until now there have been relatively few works that apply quantum-classical methods for modeling spectroscopic data. In this work, we seek to provide a framework for the calculations of absorption and fluorescence lineshapes of molecular systems using the methods based on the quantum-classical Liouville equation, namely, the forward-backward trajectory solution (FBTS) and the non-Hamiltonian variant of the Poisson bracket mapping equation (PBME-nH). We perform calculations on a molecular dimer and the photosynthetic Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex. We find that in the case of absorption, the FBTS outperforms PBME-nH, consistently yielding highly accurate results. We next demonstrate that for fluorescence calculations, the method of choice is a hybrid approach, which we call PBME-nH-Jeff, that utilizes the effective coupling theory [Gelzinis, A.; J. Chem. Phys. 2020, 152, 051103] to estimate the excited state equilibrium density operator. Thus, we find that FBTS and PBME-nH-Jeff are excellent candidates for simulating, respectively, absorption and fluorescence spectra of real molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakov Braver
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for
Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Avenue 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Leonas Valkunas
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for
Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Avenue 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Gelzinis
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for
Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Avenue 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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37
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De Pasquale G. Additive Manufacturing of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS). Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:1374. [PMID: 34832786 PMCID: PMC8620276 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, additive manufacturing (AM) processes applied to the micrometer range are subjected to intense development motivated by the influence of the consolidated methods for the macroscale and by the attraction for digital design and freeform fabrication. The integration of AM with the other steps of conventional micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication processes is still in progress and, furthermore, the development of dedicated design methods for this field is under development. The large variety of AM processes and materials is leading to an abundance of documentation about process attempts, setup details, and case studies. However, the fast and multi-technological development of AM methods for microstructures will require organized analysis of the specific and comparative advantages, constraints, and limitations of the processes. The goal of this paper is to provide an up-to-date overall view on the AM processes at the microscale and also to organize and disambiguate the related performances, capabilities, and resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio De Pasquale
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Smart Structures and Systems Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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38
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Smaizys A, Narkunas E, Poskas G, Naumov V, Ekaterinichev D. Evaluation of the shielding properties of a new increased capacity storage cask for RBMK-1500 used fuel. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2021; 141:103986. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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39
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Fen MO, Tokmak Fen F. Unpredictable oscillations of SICNNs with delay. Neurocomputing 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2021.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Sanchez-Martın S, Olaizola SM, Castaño E, Mandayo GG, Ayerdi I. Low temperature NO 2 gas sensing with ZnO nanostructured by laser interference lithography. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34144-34151. [PMID: 35497283 PMCID: PMC9042366 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06316b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ZnO conductometric gas sensors have been widely studied due to their good sensitivity, cost-efficiency, long stability and simple fabrication. This work is focused on NO2 sensing, which is a toxic and irritating gas. The developed sensor consists of interdigitated electrodes covered by a ZnO sensing layer. ZnO has been grown by means of the aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition technique and then nanostructured by laser interference lithography with a UV laser. The SEM and XRD results show vertically oriented growth of ZnO grains and a 2D periodic nanopatterning of the material with a period of 800 nm. Nanostructuring lowers the base resistance of the developed sensors and modifies the sensor response to NO2. Maximum sensitivity is obtained at 175 °C achieving a change of 600% in sensor resistance for 4 ppm NO2versus a 400% change for the non-nanostructured material. However, the most relevant results have been obtained at temperatures below 125 °C. While the non-nanostructured material does not respond to NO2 at such low temperatures, nanostructured ZnO allows NO2 sensing even at room temperature. The room temperature sensing capability possibly derives from the increase of both the surface defects and the surface-to-volume ratio. The long stability and the gas sensing under humid conditions have also been tested, showing improvements of sensitivity for the nanostructured sensors. ZnO gas sensing improvement due to laser interference nanostructuration.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Sanchez-Martın
- CEIT-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Manuel Lardizabal 15 20018. Donostia/San Sebastián Spain .,Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun Manuel Lardizabal 13 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián Spain
| | - S M Olaizola
- CEIT-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Manuel Lardizabal 15 20018. Donostia/San Sebastián Spain .,Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun Manuel Lardizabal 13 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián Spain
| | - E Castaño
- CEIT-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Manuel Lardizabal 15 20018. Donostia/San Sebastián Spain .,Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun Manuel Lardizabal 13 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián Spain
| | - G G Mandayo
- CEIT-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Manuel Lardizabal 15 20018. Donostia/San Sebastián Spain .,Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun Manuel Lardizabal 13 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián Spain
| | - I Ayerdi
- CEIT-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Manuel Lardizabal 15 20018. Donostia/San Sebastián Spain .,Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun Manuel Lardizabal 13 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián Spain
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41
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Abstract
Nonlinear optical (NLO) microscopy relies on multiple light-matter interactions to provide unique contrast mechanisms and imaging capabilities that are inaccessible to traditional linear optical imaging approaches, making them versatile tools to understand a wide range of complex systems. However, the strong excitation fields that are necessary to drive higher-order optical processes efficiently are often responsible for photobleaching, photodegradation, and interruption in many systems of interest. This is especially true for imaging living biological samples over prolonged periods of time or in accessing intrinsic dynamics of electronic excited-state processes in spatially heterogeneous materials. This perspective outlines some of the key limitations of two NLO imaging modalities implemented in our lab and highlights the unique potential afforded by the quantum properties of light, especially entangled two-photon absorption based NLO spectroscopy and microscopy. We further review some of the recent exciting advances in this emerging filed and highlight some major challenges facing the realization of quantum-light-enabled NLO imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zhong Ma
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Benjamin Doughty
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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42
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Vaitiekūnaitė D, Snitka V. Differentiation of Closely Related Oak-Associated Gram-Negative Bacteria by Label-Free Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Microorganisms 2021; 9:1969. [PMID: 34576865 PMCID: PMC8466144 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the need for an eco-friendly solution to improve soil fertility has become a necessity, thus microbial biofertilizer research is on the rise. Plant endophytic bacteria inhabiting internal tissues represent a novel niche for research into new biofertilizer strains. However, the number of species and strains that need to be differentiated and identified to facilitate faster screening in future plant-bacteria interaction studies, is enormous. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) may provide a platform for bacterial discrimination and identification, which, compared with the traditional methods, is relatively rapid, uncomplicated and ensures high specificity. In this study, we attempted to differentiate 18 bacterial isolates from two oaks via morphological, physiological, biochemical tests and SERS spectra analysis. Previous 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing showed that three isolates belong to Paenibacillus, 3-to Pantoea and 12-to Pseudomonas genera. Additional tests were not able to further sort these bacteria into strain-specific groups. However, the obtained label-free SERS bacterial spectra along with the high-accuracy principal component (PCA) and discriminant function analyses (DFA) demonstrated the possibility to differentiate these bacteria into variant strains. Furthermore, we collected information about the biochemical characteristics of selected isolates. The results of this study suggest a promising application of SERS in combination with PCA/DFA as a rapid, non-expensive and sensitive method for the detection and identification of plant-associated bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorotėja Vaitiekūnaitė
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepų Str. 1, Girionys, 53101 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valentinas Snitka
- Research Center for Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Str. 65, 51369 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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43
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Rostovskii NV, Novikov MS, Khlebnikov AF. Electrocyclizations of Conjugated Azapolyenes Produced in Reactions of Azaheterocycles with Metal Carbenes. Organics 2021; 2:313-36. [DOI: 10.3390/org2030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjugated azapolyenes (azabuta-1,3-dienes, aza-/diaza-/oxaza-/oxadiazahexa-1,3,5-trienes) are highly reactive in electrocyclization reactions, which makes them convenient precursors for the synthesis of a wide range of four-, five-, and six-membered nitrogen heterocycles that are of relevance for medicinal chemistry. Ring opening reactions of 2H-azirines and azoles containing an N–N or N–O bond, initiated by a transition metal carbene, have become increasingly important in recent years, since they easily allow the generation of azapolyenes with different numbers of double bonds and heteroatoms in various positions. This review summarizes the literature, published mainly in the last decade, on the synthetic and mechanistic aspects of electrocyclizations of azapolyenes generated by the carbene method.
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44
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Abstract
We revisited the mass spectra of the Ξcc++ baryon with positive and negative parity states using Hypercentral Constituent Quark Model Scheme with Coloumb plus screened potential. The ground state of the baryon has been determined by the LHCb experiment, and the anticipated excited state masses of the baryon have been compared with several theoretical methodologies. The transition magnetic moments of all heavy baryons Ξcc++, Ξcc+, Ωcc+, Ξbb0, Ξbb−, Ωbb−, Ξbc+, Ξbc0, Ωbc0 are also calculated and their values are −1.013 μN, 1.048 μN, 0.961 μN, −1.69 μN, 0.73 μN, 0.48 μN, −1.39 μN, 0.94 μN and 0.710 μN, respectively.
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45
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Bubilaitis V, Rancova O, Abramavicius D. Vibration-mediated energy transport in bacterial reaction center: Simulation study. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:214115. [PMID: 34240965 DOI: 10.1063/5.0048815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exciton energy relaxation in a bacterial Reaction Center (bRC) pigment-protein aggregate presumably involves emission of high energy vibrational quanta to cover wide energy gaps between excitons. Here, we assess this hypothesis utilizing vibronic two-particle theory in modeling of the excitation relaxation process in bRC. Specific high frequency molecular vibrational modes are included explicitly one at a time in order to check which high frequency vibrations are involved in the excitation relaxation process. The low frequency bath modes are treated perturbatively within Redfield relaxation theory. The analysis of the population relaxation rate data indicates energy flow pathways in bRC and suggests that specific vibrations may be responsible for the excitation relaxation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vytautas Bubilaitis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 9-III, Vilnius 10222, Lithuania
| | - Olga Rancova
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 9-III, Vilnius 10222, Lithuania
| | - Darius Abramavicius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 9-III, Vilnius 10222, Lithuania
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46
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Stankevich S, Bulderberga O, Tarasovs S, Zeleniakiene D, Omastova M, Aniskevich A. Electrical Conductivity of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Plastic with Nanomodified Matrix for Damage Diagnostic. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:4485. [PMID: 34443007 PMCID: PMC8399737 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The electrical conductivity of glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) with epoxy matrix modified by multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was studied. The electrical conductivity of nanomodified lamina and multi-layered GFRP was investigated on several levels using a structural approach. Components of the electrical conductivity tensor for unidirectional-reinforced monolayer were calculated similarly as in micromechanics using the conductivity of the nanomodified matrix. The electrical conductivity of multilayer composite was calculated using laminate theory and compared with values measured experimentally for various fiber orientation angles. Calculated and experimental data were in good agreement. The voltage distribution measured throughout the laminate allowed detecting the damage in its volume. The electrode network located on the laminate surface could determine the location, quantification, and geometry of the damage in the GFRP lamina modified with MWCNT. Experimental and calculated electrical resistance data for GFRP double-cantilever beam specimens were investigated in Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness test. Results demonstrate that electrical resistance could be successfully used for the diagnostic of the crack propagation during interlaminar fracture of the MWCNT-modified GFRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Stankevich
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (O.B.); (S.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Olga Bulderberga
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (O.B.); (S.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Sergejs Tarasovs
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (O.B.); (S.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Daiva Zeleniakiene
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, 51424 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Maria Omastova
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Andrey Aniskevich
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (O.B.); (S.T.); (A.A.)
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47
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Baek H, Kwon G, Nam J, Kim S, Kim H, Park B, Lee J, Kang M, Sun GM, Shin C. Microwave photoconductance decay measurements of n- and p-type silicon irradiated with neutrons and protons. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021; 185:109501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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48
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Marčiulionytė V, Jukna V, Tamošauskas G, Dubietis A. High repetition rate green-pumped supercontinuum generation in calcium fluoride. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15019. [PMID: 34294792 PMCID: PMC8298603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We compare supercontinuum generation in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {CaF}_2$$\end{document}CaF2 crystal under tight and loose focusing of 150 fs, 515 nm second harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser at a repetition rate of 10 kHz. It is demonstrated that supercontinuum generation geometry applying loose focusing (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {NA}=0.004$$\end{document}NA=0.004) of the pump beam into a long (25 mm) \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {CaF}_2$$\end{document}CaF2 sample is advantageous in terms of supercontinuum spectral extent and durability of damage-free operation of the nonlinear material as compared to a commonly used supercontinuum generation setup which employs tight focusing (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {NA}=0.012$$\end{document}NA=0.012) into a short (5 mm) sample and to setup which uses tight focusing into a long (25 mm) sample. More specifically, loose focusing into a long sample showed remarkably longer (20 min) damage-free operation of the nonlinear material, which was not translated with respect of the pump beam, while in tight focusing condition the sample is damaged just within 2 min of operation, leading to a complete extinction of the supercontinuum spectrum. The evolution of optical degradation of the nonlinear material in time and its impact to supercontinuum spectrum is studied in terms of filament-induced luminescence due to self-trapped exciton emission and light scattering at the pump wavelength indicating the onset of optical damage. Our findings are supported by the numerical simulations which compare relevant parameters related to filament propagation in tight and loose focusing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaida Marčiulionytė
- Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, LT, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Jukna
- Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, LT, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Tamošauskas
- Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, LT, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Dubietis
- Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, LT, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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49
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Steege T, Alamri S, Lasagni AF, Kunze T. Detection and analysis of photo-acoustic emission in Direct Laser Interference Patterning. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14540. [PMID: 34267290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93927-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional laser texturing by means of Direct Laser Interference Patterning is one of the most efficient approaches to fabricate well-defined micro textures which mimic natural surfaces, such as the lotus effect for self-cleaning properties or shark skin for reduced friction. While numerous technical and theoretical improvements have been demonstrated, strategies for process monitoring are yet to be implemented in DLIP, for instance aiming to treat complex and non-plane surfaces. Over the last 35 years, it has been shown that the sound pressure generated by a laser beam hitting a surface and producing ablation can be detected and analysed using simple and commercially available transducers and microphones. This work describes the detection and analysis of photo-acoustic signals acquired from airborne acoustic emission during DLIP as a direct result of the laser–material interaction. The study includes the characterization of the acoustic emission during the fabrication of line-like micro textures with different spatial periods and depths, the interpretation the spectral signatures deriving from single spot and interference ablation, as well as a detailed investigation of the vertical extent of the interference effect based on the ablated area and its variation with the interference period. The results show the possibility to develop an autofocusing system using only the signals from the acoustic emission for 3D processing, as well as the possibility to predict deviations in the DLIP processing parameters.
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50
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Tishkevich D, Vorobjova A, Shimanovich D, Kaniukov E, Kozlovskiy A, Zdorovets M, Vinnik D, Turutin A, Kubasov I, Kislyuk A, Dong M, Sayyed MI, Zubar T, Trukhanov A. Magnetic Properties of the Densely Packed Ultra-Long Ni Nanowires Encapsulated in Alumina Membrane. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1775. [PMID: 34361161 PMCID: PMC8308109 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
High-quality and compact arrays of Ni nanowires with a high ratio (up to 700) were obtained by DC electrochemical deposition into porous anodic alumina membranes with a distance between pores equal to 105 nm. The nanowire arrays were examined using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and vibration magnetometry at 300 K and 4.2 K. Microscopic and X-ray diffraction results showed that Ni nanowires are homogeneous, with smooth walls and mostly single-crystalline materials with a 220-oriented growth direction. The magnetic properties of the samples (coercivity and squareness) depend more on the length of the nanowires and the packing factor (the volume fraction of the nanowires in the membrane). It is shown that the dipolar interaction changes the demagnetizing field during a reversal magnetization of the Ni nanowires, and the general effective field of magnetostatic uniaxial shape anisotropy. The effect of magnetostatic interaction between ultra-long nanowires (with an aspect ratio of >500) in samples with a packing factor of ≥37% leads to a reversal magnetization state, in which a "curling"-type model of nanowire behavior is realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Tishkevich
- Laboratory of Magnetic Films Physics, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;
- Laboratory of Single Crystal Growth, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Alla Vorobjova
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 220013 Minsk, Belarus; (A.V.); (D.S.)
| | - Dmitry Shimanovich
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 220013 Minsk, Belarus; (A.V.); (D.S.)
| | - Egor Kaniukov
- Department of Technology of Electronic Materials, Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology, «MISIS», 119049 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (A.T.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Artem Kozlovskiy
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (A.K.); (M.Z.)
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
| | - Maxim Zdorovets
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (A.K.); (M.Z.)
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
- Department of Intelligent Information Technologies, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 620075 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Denis Vinnik
- Laboratory of Single Crystal Growth, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Andrei Turutin
- Department of Technology of Electronic Materials, Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology, «MISIS», 119049 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (A.T.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
- Department of Physics and I3N, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ilya Kubasov
- Department of Technology of Electronic Materials, Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology, «MISIS», 119049 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (A.T.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Alexander Kislyuk
- Department of Technology of Electronic Materials, Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology, «MISIS», 119049 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (A.T.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Mengge Dong
- Department of Resource and Environment, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;
| | - M. I. Sayyed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University (IAU), Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tatiana Zubar
- Laboratory of Magnetic Films Physics, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;
- Laboratory of Single Crystal Growth, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Alex Trukhanov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Films Physics, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;
- Laboratory of Single Crystal Growth, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
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