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Giffin CE, Schinke RJ, Latimer K, Joar L, Hazboun S, Li Y, Zou L. Meaning, trust, and belonging: Exploring the factors that foster elite forced migrant athletes' growth. Psychol Sport Exerc 2024; 72:102591. [PMID: 38228223 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Researchers have highlighted elite refugee athletes' acculturation and sport-related challenges upon transitioning into host country sports systems. Using a strength-based approach, we aimed to broaden this view through exploring the internal and external factors that have fostered refugee athletes' abilities to find meaning and growth following their transitions into a national sports system. METHODOLOGY Data collection began with an arts-based drawing activity which was then discussed in a conversational interview. Fourteen (n = 11 male, 3 female) national and international refugee athletes participated. The interviews were analyzed using a reflexive thematic analysis, a form of qualitative analysis used to derive commonalities that connect athletes' experiences. The data is represented through polyphonic vignettes (narrative featuring multiple perspectives) to safeguard athletes' anonymity whilst showcasing varying perspectives. RESULTS Athletes were at various phases of growth at the time of the interviews. The primary internal factor that facilitated growth was responsibility to find and pursue meaning. External factors of trust and belonging, actualized through supporting elite athletes' personal differences, were external factors that fostered their abilities to find meaning. CONCLUSION Elite refugee athletes' growth occurred at the nexus of individual responsibility, trusting relationships, and inclusive sport environments. The findings inform individual and environmental growth-based interventions for current and future elite athletes who face varying adversities within their sports contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole E Giffin
- School of Kinesiology and Life Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, L1A3V5, Canada
| | - Robert J Schinke
- School of Kinesiology and Life Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, L1A3V5, Canada.
| | | | - Lam Joar
- One Young World, London, WC2H 7AF, UK
| | | | - Yufeng Li
- School of Kinesiology and Life Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, L1A3V5, Canada
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China
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Jenkins P, Panozzo D. "Ethical Care in Secret": Qualitative Data from an International Survey of Exploratory Therapists Working with Gender-Questioning Clients. J Sex Marital Ther 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38587926 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2024.2329761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
This is a mixed methods international survey of therapists (n = 89) belonging to Therapy First, an organization supporting the use of exploratory therapy, rather than gender affirmative therapy, with gender-questioning clients. The method used was an electronic questionnaire, producing a 33% response rate from members. Responses were analyzed using thematic analysis. This article reports qualitative responses relating to therapists' experiences of anxiety in working in a hostile professional environment, and their adoption of strategies to minimize risk of allegations of conversion therapy. Therapist strategies included refining existing marketing approaches to serve preferred client groups, and reliance on proven therapy models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dwight Panozzo
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Baltacı S, Gençöz T, Sarı S. "This Is a Disease" and "Disease Has No Sin": Discourse Constructions of Individuals With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Regard to Being Diagnosed. Qual Health Res 2024; 34:444-457. [PMID: 38041545 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231208988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms have different cultural images in society. Deconstructive psychology studies can contribute to understanding the dominant discourse surrounding these patients, given the prevalence of OCD. The objective of this study was to investigate the discourse of participants regarding "having/receiving a diagnosis of OCD" and the function of this discourse. The research approach was qualitative and language-based, specifically employing Lacanian Discourse Analysis (LDA) perspective. The possible questions and prompts were determined along with the research team, and seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants diagnosed with OCD. The interviews explored how participants referred to their diagnosis, the language they used, and the function of this discourse. The findings revealed that participants diagnosed with OCD insistently used the term "disease" to explain their peculiar and distressing situations, referring to "medical discourse" with expressions such as "This is a disease" and "This disorder." Additionally, they often utilized "religious discourse" with the statements like "Disease has no sin" and "The sick and insane are exempt from their responsibilities." The findings of the current research indicated that when individuals with OCD "receive a name" through a recognized diagnosis, they experience a sense of recognition and validation for their OCD-related problems. Consequently, individuals diagnosed with OCD tend to find "legitimacy" for their irrational or unwanted thoughts and behaviors by taking comfort from their diagnosis. This study provides valuable insights into an understanding of patients with OCD. The findings are discussed in the context of their implications for both theoretical and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Baltacı
- Department of Psychology, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Tülin Gençöz
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevda Sarı
- Department of Psychology, Haliç University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Mueller SD, Sutherland MA, Hutchinson MK, Si B, Ding Y, Connolly SL. Student Health Services at Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Predominantly Black Institutions in the United States. Health Equity 2024; 8:226-234. [PMID: 38559842 PMCID: PMC10979689 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2023.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Student health services are associated with improved health outcomes and academic success, particularly among under-resourced college populations. This study compared student health services at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and Predominantly Black Institutions (PBIs) and identified factors associated with the availability of comprehensive health services (CHS). Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of 2022 data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), the Minority Serving Institutions (MSIs) Directory, and the websites of HBCUs and PBIs (n=167). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken to identify institutional variables associated with providing CHS. Institutional variables included college type (public vs. private), MSI category (HBCU vs. PBI), undergraduate enrollment, location, and proportion of Pell grant recipients. Results Approximately 13% of HBCUs and 26% of PBIs offered no student health services; 65% of HBCUs and 39% of PBIs offered on-campus CHS with prescribing providers. Four-year HBCUs were five times more likely than 4-year PBIs to have CHS (p=0.014). Institutions with more Pell Grant recipients were less likely to offer CHS. Conclusions Access to health care is an important social determinant of health, academic persistence, and achievement for college students. HBCUs were significantly more likely than PBIs to offer CHS. HBCUs are more likely than PBIs to have resources from federal funding, donors, and endowments that may support the development of student health centers and services. Increased funding for PBI health centers could improve access and promote health equity among the most vulnerable student populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bing Si
- Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Yu Ding
- Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Somatra L. Connolly
- Rhode Island Nursing Education Center (RINEC), College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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de Kok B, Chirwa Kajombo M, Matinga P, Kaunda B. (In)visibilising pregnancy loss in Southern Malawi. Cult Health Sex 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38469825 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2024.2324001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Miscarriages, stillbirths and neonatal deaths have received limited attention in global health programmes and research, even though pregnancy loss is common, traumatic and stigmatised. This paper seeks to illuminate lived experiences of pregnancy loss in southern Malawi, drawing on findings from semi-structured interviews and focus groups with women who have experienced loss, health professionals and community members, and observations of maternity care. Combining thematic and discourse analysis, we show how societal and medical discourses frame women as responsible for (failed) reproduction, and restrict possibilities to speak about, and respond to, loss. Some accounts and (care) practices invisibilise loss and associated suffering. However, invisibilisation may also be intended as support, and underscores rather than denies the social significance of parenthood. Other accounts (e.g. women emphasising faith and acceptance) constitute moral survival strategies to avoid the acquisition of a 'spoiled identity'. We conclude that societal and medical discourses of loss enact stigmatised, subaltern subject positions for women experiencing pregnancy loss, create social suffering, and amount to a form of structural violence. Programmes and interventions should change these discourses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bregje de Kok
- Department of Anthropology, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marion Chirwa Kajombo
- Language and Communication Studies, Malawi University of Science and Technology, Limbe, Malawi
| | | | - Blessings Kaunda
- School of Global and Public Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Chichiri, Malawi
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Stewart-Richardson JL, Hopf SC, Crockett J, Southwell P. What is Effective in Massage Therapy? Well, "It Depends…": a Qualitative Study of Experienced Orthopaedic Massage Therapists. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2024; 17:4-18. [PMID: 38486839 PMCID: PMC10911828 DOI: 10.3822/ijtmb.v17i1.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Massage has been used as a treatment for musculoskeletal pain throughout history and across cultures, and yet most meta-analyses have only shown weak support for the efficacy of massage. There is a recognised need for more research in foundational questions including: how massage treatments are constructed; what therapists actually do within a treatment, including their clinical reasoning; and what role therapists play in determining the effectiveness of a massage treatment. Purpose The aim of this study was to explore what experienced orthopaedic massage therapists consider to be the aspects of their work that contribute to effectiveness. Setting and Participants Semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom with six experienced orthopaedic massage therapists in Australia. Research Design The interviews were analysed using inductive thematic analysis, seeking insights that might be practically applied, rather than theory-driven interpretations. Results The participants focused on the underlying differences between clients, between therapists, and between treatments, and clearly indicated that this concept of "difference" was foundational to their view of their work and was the underlying context for the comments they made. Within that frame of "difference", three key themes were interpreted from the data: (1) "Everyone is different so every treatment is different": how they individualised treatment based on these differences; (2) "How therapists cope with difference": how they managed the challenges of working in this context; and (3) "What makes a difference": the problem-solving processes they used to target each treatment to meeting the client's needs. Conclusions Participants did not identify specific techniques or modalities as "effective" or not. Rather, a therapist's ability to provide effective treatment was based on an iterative process of treatment and assessment that allowed them to focus on the individual needs of the client. In this case "effectiveness" could be considered a process rather than a specific massage technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Stewart-Richardson
- School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury
- Canberra Myotherapy (private practice), Canberra
| | - Suzanne C. Hopf
- School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury
| | - Judith Crockett
- School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury
| | - Phillipa Southwell
- Western NSW Regional Training Hub, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Buckmaster R, McNulty M, Guerin S. An exploration of family dynamics in adults who self-harm. Ir J Psychol Med 2024; 41:37-45. [PMID: 34602119 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2021.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to explore how adults who self-harm experience family relationships. METHODS A phenomenological design was employed to examine the dynamic relationship between self-harm and family systems. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six female adults who attend a community mental health service and engage in self-harm. Transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). RESULTS Four superordinate themes emerged from the data and two subordinate themes emerged within each superordinate theme: family interactive patterns (subordinate themes: enmeshed patterns and culture of 'getting on with it'), searching for meaning (subordinate themes: expressing emotional turmoil and engrained worthlessness), relating to others (subordinate themes: guilt and feeling misunderstood) and journey towards life without self-harm (subordinate themes: acceptance and family support). CONCLUSIONS Findings emphasise the role of family systems in understanding self-harm in adults. The study highlights the need for family-based interventions for family members who support adults that self-harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Buckmaster
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Health Service Executive Midlands, Laois/Offaly, Ireland
| | - Muireann McNulty
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Singer S, Wünsch A, Ihrig A, Bruns G, Holz F, Jakob J, Besseler M, Engesser D, Blettner M, König J, Bayer O. Men's Access to Outpatient Psychosocial Cancer Counseling. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2024; 121:121-127. [PMID: 38231700 PMCID: PMC11019762 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men make use of outpatient cancer counseling less commonly than women, even when they stand to benefit from it. METHODS In a cluster-randomized trial (registered under DRKS00032181), we studied whether measures on multiple levels (information for referring physicians, public information, structural changes, offerings specifically for male patients) over a period of 12 months would be able to increase the percentage of men among patients seeking outpatient cancer counseling (primary endpoint, initial contact; secondary endpoint, all contacts). The intervention effect was quantified by the fitting of generalized linear mixed models to obtain an odds ratio, which was adjusted for cluster structure and for the percentages of first contacts and of all contacts during the 12 months before the start of the intervention. RESULTS In 12 regions of Germany (6 each in the intervention arm and the control arm), 11 986 people had first contacts with outpatient cancer counseling, 6004 of them during the intervention phase. The percentage accounted for by men was 30.7% in the intervention arm and 25.7% in the control arm, corresponding to a statistically insignificant model-based adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.2 (95% confidence interval [1.0; 1.4], p = 0.08) for the primary endpoint. There were a total of 51 842 counseling sessions (both initial contacts and subsequent contacts), 26 651 of them in the intervention phase. The percentage of these that was accounted for by men was 27.6% in the intervention arm and 22.2% in the control arm; the adjusted OR for this secondary endpoint was 1.3 [1.1; 1.6], p = 0.01). CONCLUSION The targeted implementation of malespecific measures on multiple levels can increase, by a small amount, the percentage of men among persons seeking outpatient cancer counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Singer
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Hospital Mainz
- University Cancer Center Mainz (UCT), Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
| | - Alexander Wünsch
- Psycho-Oncological Service, Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Freiburg Cancer Counseling Service, Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF) in cooperation with the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Freiburg, Medical Faculty, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg
| | - Andreas Ihrig
- North Baden Psychosocial Cancer Counseling Service, Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg
| | - Gudrun Bruns
- Tumor Network Cancer Counseling in the Münster Region, Münster
| | - Franziska Holz
- Cancer Counseling Service of the Hamburg Cancer Society, Hamburg
| | - Johannes Jakob
- Cancer Counseling Service of the phönikks Foundation, Hamburg
| | - Markus Besseler
- Munich Psychosocial Cancer Counseling Service of the Bavarian Cancer Society, Munich
| | - Deborah Engesser
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Hospital Mainz
| | - Maria Blettner
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Hospital Mainz
| | - Jochem König
- Division of Pediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Hospital Mainz
| | - Oliver Bayer
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Hospital Mainz
- University Cancer Center Mainz (UCT), Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
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Kellett S, Brown K, Au-Yeung SK, Tew V, Parry G. Personal reformulation during the clinical associate psychologist apprenticeship: Exploratory mixed methods evaluation. Br J Clin Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38396331 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical associate psychologists (CAPs) train under the auspices of the apprenticeship programme and are a new addition to the psychological workforce. This project sought to evaluate whether a "personal reformulation" (PR) was helpful in terms of personal and professional development during the apprenticeship. METHODS A mixed methods evaluation containing a longitudinal quantitative element and a "Big Q" qualitative element with a single cohort of N = 18 CAPs. A PR consists of a 2-hr one-to-one session and a follow-up session with a cognitive analytic psychotherapist. During a PR, a sequential diagrammatic reformulation is produced to aid recognition and revision of potentially problematic relationship patterns at work. Two outcome measures concerning reflective capacity and professional quality of life were completed at the start of the apprenticeship, pre-PR and at 3-month PR follow-up. The semi-structured interviews (n = 11) conducted at the follow-up were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Quantitative changes were limited to significant increases to general confidence and 8/12 apprentices had a reliable increase in confidence in communication. Qualitatively, five overarching themes were found: (1) gaining insight, (2) wellbeing, (3) nature of the space, (4) being an apprentice, and (5) moving forward. CONCLUSIONS PRs were generally found to be emotionally challenging, but relatively large amounts of insight are possible from a very brief intervention that can contribute to personal and professional development during clinical training. More controlled research needs to be conducted and wider applications and evaluations of PRs in different professions would be welcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Kellett
- Rotherham Doncaster and South Humber NHS Foundation Trust, Doncaster, UK
| | - Katie Brown
- Department of Clinical and Applied Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sheena K Au-Yeung
- Department of Clinical and Applied Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Victoria Tew
- Department of Clinical and Applied Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Gonçalves F, Gaudencio M, Castelo Branco M, Viana J. Burnout and attachment in oncology and palliative care healthcare professionals. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024:spcare-2023-004694. [PMID: 38388210 DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Examine the prevalence of burn-out in health professionals working in a hospital dedicated to patients with cancer. Explore the relationship between attachment style and burn-out in healthcare professionals working in Oncology and Palliative Care. METHODS Cross-sectional descriptive and correlational study with a sample of 337 health professionals working in a tertiary hospital dedicated to oncology care. The evaluation protocol included a sociodemographic questionnaire, two burn-out (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory) and attachment (Adult Attachment Scale) scales. Statistical analysis was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics V.25. The tests were performed at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In the sample, there is a predominance of professionals working in oncology services (76,8%). Comparing professionals who work in oncology services and palliative care, it appears that just over half have high levels of personal burn-out, however the groups do not differ significantly (53.5% vs 56.8%, p=0.619); the same is observed in work-related (p=0.626) and patient-related burn-out (p=0.672). The number of hours per week in which one has the perception that is exposed to suffering is positively correlated with personal, work-related burn-out and exhaustion (p<0.05). Correlating the two burn-out scales in the sample, it is observed that higher levels of personal, work-related and patient-related burn-out are associated with higher levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, as well as lower levels of personal accomplishment (p<0.001). Considering the correlation between the burn-out dimensions and attachment scale, it appears that high levels of exhaustion, depersonalisation, personal, work-related and patient-related burn-out were associated with higher levels of anxiety (p<0.001). Similar results were found in the palliative care professionals sample. CONCLUSIONS The constant exposure to the suffering of others places high emotional demands on oncology and palliative care professionals, making them vulnerable to burn-out. Burn-out is a multifactorial process, that involves individual characteristics with environmental effects. There are no significant differences between Oncology and Palliative Care professionals. Higher levels of personal, work-related and patient-related burn-out are associated with higher levels of anxiety. These results suggest that an anxious attachment style increases the risk of burn-out . In the sample, the most important predictor of burn-out was the number of hours per week exposed to suffering. In order to prevent burn-out, there is a growing evidence that suggests mindfulness, exercise, high-quality sleep and pursuit of happiness can improve burn-out in healthcare professionals. This work brings the advantage of using two burn-out assessment scales (particularly CBI scale), in addition to trying to correlate the level of burn-out and attachment in professionals exposed to suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florbela Gonçalves
- Universidade da Beira Interior Faculdade de Ciencias da Saude, Covilha, Portugal
- Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de Coimbra Francisco Gentil EPE, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gaudencio
- Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de Coimbra Francisco Gentil EPE, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Joaquim Viana
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra EPE, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Maier L, Engesser D, Paul R, Reuter K, Petermann-Meyer A, Singer S. [The Structural Reform of The Psychotherapy Guidelines in Germany]. Psychiatr Prax 2024; 51:31-38. [PMID: 37678409 DOI: 10.1055/a-2112-3549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our study investigates how psychotherapists implement and assess the newly introduced elements of the structural reform of the psychotherapy guideline in Germany. METHODS We asked psychotherapists about their experiences with the structural reform in semi-structured interviews. The data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS A total of 37 h of audio material from 41 psychotherapists were available. The interviews showed that acute treatment and relapse prevention are welcomed by psychotherapists. However, due to lack of appointment capacity as well as conceptual barriers, these are rarely used. Concerning psychotherapeutic assessment consultations, the opinions were heterogeneous. CONCLUSION Individual aspects of the new care elements are assessed positively. However, these can only be implemented to a limited extent and are not sufficient to significantly improve the strained supply situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Maier
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
| | - Deborah Engesser
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
| | | | | | | | - Susanne Singer
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
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Greene LR. CBT Meets Process: Assimilative Integration with Reference to Group Psychotherapy. Int J Group Psychother 2024; 74:1-32. [PMID: 38513151 DOI: 10.1080/00207284.2024.2323613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
This paper offers a brief overview of the historically predominant form of psychotherapy research both for individual and group psychotherapies, the randomized control trial (RCT), and its surrounding controversies and critiques as the backdrop from which new directions in both clinical theory building and research are being pursued, including efforts at building integrative models of treatment. The paper explores one promising integrative model, namely the incorporation of process and dynamic orientations into the province of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and identifies challenges in implementing this model.
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Natvik E, Lavik KO, Ogden J, Strømmen M, Moltu C. The patient-practitioner interaction in post bariatric surgery consultations: an interpersonal process recall study. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:4440-4449. [PMID: 36484620 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2152876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The patient-practitioner relationship is fundamental to rehabilitation practice and patients' health and wellbeing. Dissonance between patients who have had bariatric surgery and health care practitioners about what supportive care and good outcomes are can undermine care. To address the mechanisms of this process, we conducted an Interpersonal Process Recall study. MATERIALS AND METHODS We interviewed patients (11), video recorded consultations (10), conducted video-assisted individual interviews with patients (10) and practitioners (11) and a dyadic data analysis. RESULTS We identified relational states and shifts in the clinical encounter 2-3 years post-surgery, described in themes: a) Playing by the Book - Making it Easier for Each Other, b) Down the Blind Alley - Giving up on Each Other, and c) Opposite Poles - Towards and Away from Each Other. CONCLUSIONS The post-surgery consultations facilitated responsibility for health and self-care but did not invite dialogues about the psychosocial burdens of living with obesity and undergoing bariatric surgery. Patients and practitioners tried to avoid creating conflict, which in turn seemed to foster distance, rather than human connection. This limits the encounter's benefit to both parties, leaving them frustrated and less willing to either meet again or take any gains into their future lives.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONIllness evokes feelings of stress and uncertainty and is experienced very differently from the perspective of patients and health care practitioners (HCPs), who encounter each other in a field fraught with tension.Bodily changes and difficult emotions related to food and eating are to be expected when undergoing bariatric surgery, and to explicitly "notice, name and validate" emotions can promote the patient's capacity to sustain self-care, lifestyle change, weight loss and health gains.Making interpersonal connection and interaction between patient and HCP the centre of bariatric aftercare can enhance engagement in and outcomes of the post-surgery clinical encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Natvik
- The Centre for Health Research, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Førde, Norway
| | - Kristina Osland Lavik
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Førde, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
| | - Jane Ogden
- Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, England
| | - Magnus Strømmen
- Centre for Obesity Research, Clinic of Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christian Moltu
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Førde, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
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14
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Velykodna M, Gorbunova V, Frankova I, Deputatov V, Happell B. Predictors of Satisfaction and Value of Advanced Training for Mental Health Professionals in Wartime Ukraine. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:1096-1108. [PMID: 37847649 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2258217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The full-scale escalation of Russia's war against Ukraine in 2022 created a surge of mental health issues, requiring urgent, evidence-based interventions to reduce trauma and mitigate stress. Reflecting recommendations from leading specialists in the field, Ukrainian mental health professionals sought to develop appropriate skills and knowledge for working in wartime through advanced training programs. This study aimed to investigate the experiences of Ukrainian mental health professionals having completed advanced training in mental health topics in wartime. A survey design was adopted, using the purposefully developed, and validated 'Wartime Learning Satisfaction Scale'. Regression analysis assessed the hypothesized contribution of four scales (Education, Educator, Learner, and War) to the perceived value of advanced training and learners' satisfaction. Respondents (n = 271) were trained in up to 30 courses (M = 4.27, SD = 3.03) lasting from two to over 120 h. Regression analysis revealed different predictors for satisfaction and value of the courses. Advanced training resulted in higher satisfaction with learning if it matched professional goals of mental health professionals and perceived higher value when relevant to societal demand, consistently constructed, practically useful, and not solely focusing on war-related issues. Respondents who completed all advanced training courses they were interested demonstrated significantly higher confidence in working in wartime. These findings are essential for effective mental health practice during wartime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Velykodna
- Practical Psychology Department, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Kryvyvi Rih, Ukraine
- 'Psychoanalytic Psychology and Psychotherapy' Division, National Psychological Association, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Viktoriia Gorbunova
- Ukrainian EuroPsy National Awarding Committee, National Psychological Association, Kyiv, Ukraine
- University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Iryna Frankova
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
- ARQ Centrum 45, Oegstgeest, the Netherlands
| | - Vladyslav Deputatov
- Practical Psychology Department, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Kryvyvi Rih, Ukraine
| | - Brenda Happell
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, County Cork, Ireland
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15
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Werbart A, Rådberg U, Holm I, Forsström D, Berman AH. The meaning and feeling of the time and space between psychotherapy sessions and everyday life: Client experiences of transitions. Psychother Res 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37890094 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2274061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore how clients in psychodynamic or psychoanalytic psychotherapy, conducted in the traditional in-person setting, experience the transitions in time and space between psychotherapy sessions and everyday life. METHOD Twelve semi-structured interviews were analyzed with inductive experiential thematic analysis, focusing on how the participants experience and make sense of the phenomenon in focus. RESULTS The participants described therapy as a sheltered space where they could be open, vulnerable, receptive, and present. Approaching and leaving psychotherapy sessions, the participants established different behavioral patterns and routines dealing with their anxieties and resistances. In this in-between area, the participants could handle interconnections and differences between therapy and everyday life. Participants stressed the clinical impact of transitions: transitions affect both therapy and everyday life; disturbed transitions have an adverse impact; transitions are insufficiently addressed in therapy. CONCLUSION Transitions between therapy and life appear to be an essential but seldom recognized part of the therapy process beyond the borders of therapy sessions. Implications of these findings for psychotherapy training and practice are discussed, and a tentative transtheoretical framework for further research is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Werbart
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Rådberg
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Isa Holm
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Forsström
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anne H Berman
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Janusz B, Pawelczyk J, Józefik B. How therapists respond to "uneven" alliances in couple and family therapy: A conversation-analytic study. J Marital Fam Ther 2023; 49:842-860. [PMID: 37522263 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This article examines how family and couple therapists respond to uneven alliances with their clients at the micro-level of therapeutic exchanges in the context of Interpersonal Process Recall (IPR) interviews. We operationalize uneven alliance with the interactional concept of asymmetry of affiliation. To this end, first, using conversation analysis (CA), we identify episodes of asymmetry of affiliation in the moment-by-moment conversation between the therapist and the client in therapy consultation. Second, applying CA to the IPR interview data, we examine how therapists orient to the episodes of the session in which the asymmetry of affiliation was identified. The findings demonstrate therapists' two key practices of orienting to the episodes of asymmetry of affiliation: (1) therapists' exclusive identification with one participant by typically invoking gender roles and (2) therapists' investigation of their agency in the emergence of asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadetta Janusz
- Laboratory of Psychology and Systemic Psychotherapy, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Pawelczyk
- Department of Sociolinguistics and Discourse Studies, Faculty of English, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Józefik
- Laboratory of Psychology and Systemic Psychotherapy, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Kleiven GS, Hjeltnes A, Brattland H, Moltu C. Moments of change: Clients' immediate experiences when sharing emotions in psychotherapy. Psychother Res 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37748195 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2260938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In-session processing of emotions is important in facilitating psychotherapeutic change. This study explores how clients in active treatment experience inner changes when sharing emotions in psychotherapy sessions. The aim was to retrieve in-depth knowledge about clients' moment-by-moment experiences of change in a naturalistic psychotherapy context. METHOD Two psychotherapy sessions (session 3 or 4 and session 7 or 8) were videotaped and immediately followed by semi-structured interviews with clients (n = 11) in the format of Interpersonal Process Recall (IPR). Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Four themes resulted from analysis: (1) reaching a new clarity about inner struggles; (2) a shift in how I approach and experience my feelings; (3) grieving losses and gaining a more positive understanding of myself; (4) feeling relief and liberation when allowing difficult emotions. CONCLUSION The resulting themes took into account the importance of the felt quality of change experiences within sessions, which appears to be important in making micro-processes of change salient. Across themes, we found accounts of shifts in awareness and self-compassion, which we discuss as micro-outcomes that clients can ideally be guided to dwell with.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aslak Hjeltnes
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Heidi Brattland
- Nidelv Mental Health Center, St.Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christian Moltu
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Førde, Norway
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18
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Allan HT. An auto-ethnographic reflection on the nature of nursing in the UK during the Covid-19 pandemic. Health (London) 2023; 27:756-769. [PMID: 34894800 PMCID: PMC10423431 DOI: 10.1177/13634593211064122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article I discuss the effects on the patient experience of isolation nursing during the CoronaVirus Disease (COVID)-19 pandemic. An unintended consequence of isolation nursing has been to distance patients from nurses and emphasise the technical side of nursing while at the same time reducing the relational or affective potential of nursing. Such distanced forms of nursing normalise the distal patient in hospital. I consider ways in which this new form of distanced nursing has unwittingly contributed to the continued commodification of nursing care in the British NHS. Autoethnography is used to describe and reflect on the illness experience, the experiences of caregivers and the sociocultural organisation of health care. The findings discuss three areas of the illness experience: intimate nursing care; communication; the 'distanced' patient experience.
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19
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Wang SB, Xu WQ, Gao LJ, Tan WY, Zheng HR, Hou CL, Jia FJ. Bridge connection between depression and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles in Chinese residents from a network perspective. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1104841. [PMID: 37398582 PMCID: PMC10308220 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1104841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle habits are vital components of the culture of mental health treatment settings. We examined the bridge connection between depressive and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles from a network perspective using a population-based study. Methods Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a provincially representative sample of 13,768 inhabitants from the Guangdong Sleep and Psychosomatic Health Survey based on standardized evaluation techniques. We identified the central symptoms by expected influence. The interconnection between depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as the bridge connectivity linking depression-anxiety symptoms and lifestyle factors, were assessed using the bridge centrality index. Network stability and sensibility analyses were performed using a case-dropping bootstrap procedure. Results The core symptom that exhibited the highest expected influence was fatigue or little energy, followed by uncontrollable worry, trouble relaxing, and sad mood in the depression-anxiety symptoms network, while guilt was the most interconnected symptom and had the highest bridge strength. Surrounding nodes of each node explained an average variance of 57.63%. Additionally, suicidal thoughts were recognized as collective bridging symptoms connecting lifestyle variables in the network integrating depression-anxiety symptoms with lifestyle factors. Current tobacco and alcohol consumption were positively associated with suicidal thoughts and irritability. Habitual diet rhythm and physical exercise frequency were linked to suicidal thoughts, guilt, and poor appetite or overeating. Suicidal thoughts, irritability, and guilt indicated the greatest connectivity with lifestyle factors. All networks had high stability and accuracy. Conclusion These highlighted core and bridge symptoms could serve as latent targets for the prevention and intervention of comorbid depression and anxiety. It might be crucial for clinical practitioners to design effective and targeted treatment and prevention strategies aiming at specific lifestyles and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bin Wang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Qi Xu
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Juan Gao
- Nanhai Public Health Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Yan Tan
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Rong Zheng
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cai-Lan Hou
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Medical College of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fu-Jun Jia
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Medical College of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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20
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Murça A, Cunha O, Almeida TC. Prevalence and Impact of Revenge Pornography on a Sample of Portuguese Women. Sex Cult 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37360017 PMCID: PMC10239214 DOI: 10.1007/s12119-023-10100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Victims of revenge pornography (RP) suffer long-term psychological, personal, and social consequences, given that the spread of explicit content may continue to disturb them throughout their lives. However, there is a scarcity of studies on this phenomenon in Portugal. The present study aims to identify the prevalence of RP and analyze its impact on self-esteem, humiliation, depression, and anxiety, and compare victims and non-victims of RP on these same variables. The sample comprises 274 Portuguese women aged between 18 and 82. The data was collected through an online protocol consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Humiliation Inventory, and the Brief Symptoms Inventory. From the total sample, 45 (16.4%) participants reported at least one experience of RP. RP victims reported higher levels of humiliation, anxiety, and depression and lower levels of self-esteem than non-victims. However, only humiliation distinguished RP victims and non-victims. RP is a growing phenomenon enhanced by the intensified use of technology. Along with this phenomenon comes the impact on victims, which has long-term consequences. This study contributes to the scientific community since the scientific study of RP and its impact on victims is still incipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Murça
- Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada Portugal
| | - Olga Cunha
- Universidade Lusófona - Centro Universitário do Porto, Hei-Lab: Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs, 4000-098 Porto, Portugal
| | - Telma Catarina Almeida
- Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada Portugal
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada Portugal
- LabPSI – Laboratório de Psicologia Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Caparica, Almada Portugal
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21
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Kyranides MN, Rennie M, McPale L. Primary and Secondary Psychopathic Traits: Investigating the Role of Attachment and Experiences of Shame. J Psychol 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37216606 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2023.2211322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary and secondary psychopathic traits have been documented in the general population and previous research has shown their link to adult insecure attachment and shame. However, there has been a gap in the literature examining the specific role of attachment avoidance and anxiety, and experiences of shame in the expression of these psychopathic traits. This study aimed to explore the associations between the attachment dimensions of anxiety and avoidance, in addition to characterological, behavioral and body shame with primary and secondary psychopathic traits. A non-clinical sample of 293 adults (M age= 30.77, SD = 12.64; 34% males) was recruited and completed an online battery of questionnaires. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that demographic variables (age and gender) explained the largest variance for primary psychopathic traits, while the attachment dimensions (anxiety and avoidance) explaining the largest variance for secondary psychopathic traits. Characterological shame had a direct and indirect effect on both primary and secondary psychopathic traits. The findings highlight the need to examine psychopathic traits in community samples as a multidimensional construct, with a particular focus on also assessing attachment dimensions and shame subtypes.
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22
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Cornett M, Palermo C, Ash S. Professional identity research in the health professions-a scoping review. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2023; 28:589-642. [PMID: 36350489 PMCID: PMC10169899 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-022-10171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Professional identity impacts the workforce at personal, interpersonal and profession levels however there is a lack of reviews of professional identity research across practising health professionals. To summarise professional identity research in the health professions literature and explore how professional identity is described a scoping review was conducted by searching Medline, Psycinfo, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and Business Source Complete using "professional identity" and related terms for 32 health professions. Empirical studies of professional identity in post-registration health professionals were examined with health profession, career stage, background to research, theoretical underpinnings and constructs of professional identity being extracted, charted and analysed using content analysis where relevant. From 9941 studies, 160 studies across 17 health professions were identified, with nursing and medicine most common. Twenty studies focussed on professional identity in the five years post-entry to the workforce and 56 studies did not state career stage. The most common background for the research was the impact of political, social and healthcare reforms and advances. Thirty five percent of studies (n = 57) stated the use of a theory or framework of identity, the most common being classified as social theories. Individual constructs of professional identity across the research were categorised into five themes-The Lived Experience of Professional Identity; The World Around Me; Belonging; Me; and Learning and Qualifications. Descriptions of professional identity are broad, varied, rich and multi-layered however the literature is under theorised with current theories potentially inadequate to capture its complexity and make meaningful contributions to the allied health professions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Cornett
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education, Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Claire Palermo
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education, Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan Ash
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education, Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
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23
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Kılıçkaya S, Uçar N, Denizci Nazlıgül M. A Systematic Review of the Association between Parenting Styles and Narcissism in Young Adults: From Baumrind's Perspective. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:620-640. [PMID: 34404305 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211041010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The concept 'parenting styles' has been widely examined to understand the etiology of narcissism for decades. This study aimed to systematically review the empirical research literature regarding the association between perceived parenting styles and narcissism. In this study, Ebscohost, Wiley Online Library, Taylor&Francis, Springer Link, PubMed, PsycNet, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases were searched using identified keywords. An extensive database search resulted in 75 identified publications. Of these, 60 were scrutinized, and in the end, ten studies were included in the review for data synthesis. To reach a common conceptualization on the parenting styles, the results were evaluated based on Baumrind's typology. As a result of this systematic review, we can conclude that there is a relationship between narcissism and parenting styles. In particular, perceived permissive parenting was positively correlated with narcissism. However, the relationship between narcissism and other parenting styles is more complex. Therefore, more high-quality empirical studies are needed to investigate the relationship between parenting and narcissism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nehir Uçar
- Department of Psychology, Yeditepe University, Turkey
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24
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Toh WL, Lee SJ, Rancie T, Penita P, Moseley P, Rossell SL. Humiliation and state anxiety as predictors of attenuated psychosis in a community sample. Curr Psychol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04490-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
AbstractExisting literature suggests that humiliation experiences, coupled with a negative family context, significantly predicts persecutory ideation in non-clinical participants. Whether this may also be linked to attenuated psychotic experiences is unknown. The current study aimed to assess whether familial adversity and humiliation may be related to hallucination-like experiences (HLEs) and other psychotic symptoms, and if state anxiety significantly contributed to these relationships. This cross-sectional study recruited a community sample of 93 adults (38% male; mean age = 27.3 years, standard deviation = 10.8 years), who completed measures of maladaptive familial environments, past and anticipated humiliation experiences, state anxiety and attenuated psychotic symptoms. Correlations and hierarchical regressions tested for direct and indirect relationships amongst study variables. A maladaptive family context, and humiliation (past and anticipated) were positively correlated with HLEs, and facets of attenuated psychotic symptoms. Anxiety uniquely predicted audio-visual and multisensory HLEs. Past humiliation and anxiety jointly predicted cognitive-perceptual disturbance and disorganisation, whereas fear of humiliation and anxiety jointly predicted interpersonal difficulty. Elevated state anxiety, coupled with humiliation, may increase attenuated psychotic symptoms in adulthood. Future research is needed to ascertain if these relationships hold true in clinical cohorts to examine the clinical significance of these data.
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Dharmarathna ND, Jayamaha AR, Ranadeva NDK, Rajapakse H, Gunasekara C, Fernando N, Meegoda L. Perceived effectiveness of therapeutic community model as a rehabilitation approach for Sri Lankan individuals with substance use disorder. TC 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/tc-06-2022-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of residential treatment which follows the therapeutic community (TC) model for Sri Lankan individuals with substance use disorder (SUD).
Design/methodology/approach
A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in two selected residential treatment centers which follow the TC model as a rehabilitation approach. All the clients of the selected residential treatment centers were invited to take part in the study and data were collected from 75 consented male participants using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The perceived effectiveness of the residential treatment was assessed using the Treatment Effectiveness Assessment instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Findings
Most of the participants were Sinhalese (98.7%, n = 74) with a mean age of 27.0 ± 6.0 years. The average duration in which participants stayed at selected centers was 8.0 ± 4.0 months. Most of the participants reported that the encouragement during the program was sufficient (89.3%, n = 67), psychological support was satisfactory (89.3%, n = 67), freedom (69.5%, n = 52) and facilities were adequate (76.0%, n = 57) within the program. A higher proportion of participants said that the counselors and program guides were friendly (80.0%, n = 60), and participants were allowed to communicate with their family with restrictions (92.0%, n = 69). The mean perceived effectiveness score (score range 1–40) was 34.0 ± 7.0 and the four domain scores (score range 1–10) were substance use (9.0 ± 2.0), health (8.0 ± 2.0), lifestyle (9.0 ± 2.0) and community (9.0 ± 2.0). The majority (88.0%, n = 66) of the participants perceived a high level of treatment effectiveness.
Originality/value
There is a paucity of empirical evidence on effectiveness of TC model for individuals with SUD in South Asian countries including Sri Lanka. The findings of this study highlight that the participants perceived higher effectiveness of the residential treatment which follows the TC approach for Sri Lankan individuals with SUD.
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Schierock M, Strauß B. [Sooner or Later you are no Longer Needed - Even as a Psychotherapist?+A Systematic Literature Review on how Psychotherapists Deal with their Own Aging Process]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2023. [PMID: 36889330 DOI: 10.1055/a-2003-9590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Up to now, there is little bundled knowledge about how psychotherapists deal with their own aging. The aim of the present study was a systematic review of the existing literature on the topic of psychotherapists' aging. In a systematic literature search, which was primarily conducted via electronic databases, 55 relevant hits (empirical studies, literature-based texts, books and book contributions, and free text forms) were identified, whose relevant contents were systematically compiled. The literature search revealed a lack of empirical research on the question of how psychotherapists deal with their own aging. Within the systematic review, key findings were presented in areas of 1. age-related issues and challenges among older psychotherapists, 2. resources and sources of experience among older psychotherapists, and 3. engagement with aging and exit from psychotherapy practice. The systematic review illustrates the comprehensiveness of the topics that are relevant in the context of psychotherapists' aging. Dealing with aging also includes the discussion of one's own retirement, whereby the literature suggests a high propensity to work among older psychotherapists, who highly value their status and their individual professional freedoms in old age. It was shown that one's own aging is associated with diverse effects on professional identity and psychotherapeutic work. Future empirical research should address age-related changes in the context of psychotherapeutic work and inquire about attitudes of psychotherapists towards age-related issues. Interests and plans of (older) psychotherapists should be heard and their resources should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleen Schierock
- Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin, Psychotherapie und Psychoonkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - Bernhard Strauß
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena
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27
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Fedotov SA, Baidyuk EV. Communication as the Origin of Consciousness. Integr Psychol Behav Sci 2023; 57:20-42. [PMID: 35364805 DOI: 10.1007/s12124-022-09686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the middle of the 20th century, more and more data have appeared on the limited role of consciousness in determining human behavior. In this opinion paper, we hypothesize that the basis of consciousness is precisely the communicative function, and discuss relations of consciousness to other cognitive processes such sensory detection, decision-making and emotions. Within the framework of the hypothesis, consciousness is considered as a highly specialized function of the brain, which ensures encoding of personal information as communication messages. On a subjective level, mental representation just means the state of information to be shared in a human group. Accordingly, consciousness affects only those components of human behavior that are associated with the transmission of messages. Sensory detection, decision-making, emotions and other processes are only projected into consciousness during the encoding of information of them. The communication hypothesis assumes that consciousness is an adaptation that increases the efficiency of a collective way of life, and the emergence of consciousness is inextricably linked with the development of language in human culture. In the future, our view of consciousness provides an opportunity for an objective analysis of subjective phenomena by means of a directed study of the formation of messages both at the level of brain processes and at the level of interactions between individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Fedotov
- Laboratory of Comparative Behavior, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina V Baidyuk
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry of Enzymes, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Thompson PsyD MC, Kim PhD AB. Understanding the Experiences of Elderly Bereaved Men and the Bond With Their Pets. Omega (Westport) 2023; 86:1291-1311. [PMID: 33840274 DOI: 10.1177/00302228211004820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to understand the bereaved Older males' experiences with the interaction and ownership of a companion animal after the death of their partner. The primary researcher recruited 13 participants via a criterion-based purposeful sampling method to assure the quality of the information collected. Results revealed six themes: (a) bonds with their pets grew stronger and closer after the loss of their wife; (b) men were able to express their grief to their pets; (c) companion animals helped the men psychologically during grief; (d) pets were influential during times when the wife's presence would have been valuable; (e) companion animals helped men with loneliness and social connection; and (f) companion animals helped men find a new normal by providing a purpose and routine during bereavement. The pets proved to be a source of support for these widowed men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique C Thompson PsyD
- California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Angela B Kim PhD
- California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, San Diego, California, United States
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Kahonde CK. Perceptions and responses of staff to the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities at facilities in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. J Intellect Disabil 2023; 27:138-155. [PMID: 35168433 DOI: 10.1177/17446295211048743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study explored perceptions and responses of staff members working at facilities for adults with intellectual disabilities in the Western Cape of South Africa toward the adults' sexuality. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 staff members from four facilities. The data was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Perceptions of service providers were mostly determined by their facility's ethos and policy on sexuality issues. Some staff members regarded sexuality as a human right and supported all aspects of it while others acknowledged sexuality as a right but perceived the adults as incapable and suppressed their sexuality. Attitudes of the adults with intellectual disabilities' families were the biggest hurdle faced by the staff who supported the adults' sexuality. Staff members from different facilities need to learn from each other and direct engagement between the facilities and families is needed to ensure support of the adults with intellectual disabilities to experience sexual autonomy.
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30
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Acheson R, Papadima M. The search for identity: working therapeutically with adolescents in crisis. Journal of Child Psychotherapy 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/0075417x.2022.2160478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Papadima
- SAFE (Service for Adolescents and Families in Enfield), Enfield, UK
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Husabø M, Mæhle M, Råheim M, Øien AM. Persevering professionals: dilemmas of relationships and self-determination in work with people with intellectual disability - a multi-method study based on interpersonal process recall. J Intellect Disabil 2023:17446295231154126. [PMID: 36722381 DOI: 10.1177/17446295231154126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The article focuses on social educators' reflections on their own professional practice in encounters with people with intellectual disability receiving services. Drawing on Interpersonal Process Recall, a video-assisted method, together with a focus group interview, the study explores the experiences from in-situ encounters of five social educators employed in a Norwegian municipality. The key findings are that they view relationship-building as integral to their work, they grant primacy to the ideal of autonomy and they strive towards realizing this in their daily work. The study however displays how these emphases might lead to dilemmas, especially between the wish to support the service users' self-determination and the urge to protect them from harm. Of special note was how the service users' increasing use of social media was perceived as a particular challenge for social educators, who were left with an experience of being unable to protect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Husabø
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Welfare and Participation, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway
| | - Magne Mæhle
- Department of Welfare and Participation, RinggoldID:% 7376Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway
| | - Målfrid Råheim
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, 60518University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Aud Marie Øien
- Department of Welfare and Participation, RinggoldID:% 7376Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway
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32
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Ivey G, Denmeade L. Trainee psychologists’ experiences of learning and conducting psychodynamic therapy via telepsychology. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/02668734.2022.2158210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Ivey
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lesley Denmeade
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Si TL, Chen P, Zhang L, Sha S, Lam MI, Lok KI, Chow IHI, Li JX, Wang YY, Su Z, Cheung T, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Feng Y, Xiang YT. Depression and quality of life among Macau residents in the 2022 COVID-19 pandemic wave from the perspective of network analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1164232. [PMID: 37168423 PMCID: PMC10165090 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1164232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the summer of 2022, Macau experienced a surge of COVID-19 infections (the 618 COVID-19 wave), which had serious effects on mental health and quality of life (QoL). However, there is scant research on mental health problems and QoL among Macau residents during the 618 COVID-19 wave. This study examined the network structure of depressive symptoms (hereafter depression), and the interconnection between different depressive symptoms and QoL among Macau residents during this period. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted between 26th July and 9th September 2022. Depressive symptoms were measured with the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), while the global QoL was measured with the two items of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). Correlates of depression were explored using univariate and multivariate analyses. The association between depression and QoL was investigated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Network analysis was used to evaluate the structure of depression. The centrality index "Expected Influence" (EI) was used to identify the most central symptoms and the flow function was used to identify depressive symptoms that had a direct bearing on QoL. Results A total 1,008 participants were included in this study. The overall prevalence of depression was 62.5% (n = 630; 95% CI = 60.00-65.00%). Having depression was significantly associated with younger age (OR = 0.970; p < 0.001), anxiety (OR = 1.515; p < 0.001), fatigue (OR = 1.338; p < 0.001), and economic loss (OR = 1.933; p = 0.026). Participants with depression had lower QoL F (1, 1,008) =5.538, p = 0.019). The most central symptoms included PHQ2 ("Sad Mood") (EI: 1.044), PHQ4 ("Fatigue") (EI: 1.016), and PHQ6 ("Guilt") (EI: 0.975) in the depression network model, while PHQ4 ("Fatigue"), PHQ9 ("Suicide"), and PHQ6 ("Guilt") had strong negative associations with QoL. Conclusion Depression was common among Macao residents during the 618 COVID-19 wave. Given the negative impact of depression on QoL, interventions targeting central symptoms identified in the network model (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy) should be developed and implemented for Macau residents with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Leong Si
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Sha
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Feng,
| | - Mei Ieng Lam
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macao, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ka-In Lok
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ines Hang Iao Chow
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yue-Ying Wang
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gabor S. Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia/Graylands Hospital, Mount Claremont, WA, Australia
| | - Chee H. Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia
- Chee H. Ng,
| | - Yuan Feng
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Feng,
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
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Matić Z, Sala MFW, Tonetto LM, Campiglia GC, Morgan J, DuBose JR, Zimring CM, Kraft CS. Understanding Experience of Patients With Highly Infectious Diseases During Extended Isolation: A Design Perspective. HERD 2023; 16:97-112. [PMID: 36164757 DOI: 10.1177/19375867221128916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop a better understanding of the unique needs of patients with highly infectious diseases and their perceptions of being placed in isolation. We explore the subjective experiences of patients treated for Ebola in a biocontainment unit (BCU) and the healthcare personnel who cared for them. BACKGROUND The 2014 Ebola outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic have brought to focus some major challenges of caring for patients with serious infectious diseases. Previous studies on BCU design have looked at ways to prevent self- and cross-contamination, but very few have examined how the built environment can support an improved patient experience. METHOD A qualitative study was conducted with four patients treated for Ebola and two critical care nurses who provided direct care to them at a single BCU in the U.S. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews to capture the actual patients' perception and experience of isolation. The interviews were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. RESULTS The Ebola patients placed in source isolation perceived the BCU as an artificial environment where they lacked control, agency, autonomy, and independence. The physical separation from other patients, visitor restrictions, and staff wearing PPE contributed to feelings of social and emotional isolation, and loneliness. CONCLUSIONS The isolation can take a toll on physiological and psychological well-being. A thoughtful design of isolation units may improve patients' experience by supporting human and social interactions, empowering patients through space flexibility and personalization of space, and supporting a more holistic approach to isolation care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria F Wong Sala
- SimTigrate Design Lab, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer R DuBose
- SimTigrate Design Lab, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Craig M Zimring
- SimTigrate Design Lab, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Colleen S Kraft
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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35
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Bryce I, Pye D, Beccaria G, McIlveen P, Du Preez J. A Systematic Literature Review of the Career Choice of Helping Professionals Who Have Experienced Cumulative Harm as a Result of Adverse Childhood Experiences. Trauma Violence Abuse 2023; 24:72-85. [PMID: 34000930 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211016016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The pervasive effects of cumulative harm resulting from adverse childhood experiences influence all aspects of an individual's life course. Research highlights a relationship between early trauma and career choice; however, there is a dearth of research pertaining specifically to cumulative harm and the influence on career choice in the helping professions. A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the associations of cumulative harm and childhood trauma on career decision making in people in the helping professions. A search was conducted across databases between February 1990 and February 2019 relevant to searches combining three areas of interest: (a) "childhood trauma," (b) "career choice," and (c) "helping professionals." Database searches and further manual searches yielded a total of 208 articles, and 28 studies satisfied all inclusion criteria. Only studies that were peer-reviewed and published between February 1990 and February 2019 were included. The evidence from the review indicated that family of origin dysfunction, parentification, individual characteristics, and traits developed through adversity, and experiential motivations were associated with the career choice in the helping professions. Further research is required to explore different professional cohorts and the utility of life themes as both a source of data for research and reflexive practice in helping professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- India Bryce
- School of Education, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Pye
- School of Education, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gavin Beccaria
- School of Psychology and Counselling, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter McIlveen
- School of Education, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jan Du Preez
- School of Psychology and Counselling, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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Medlicott C, Tomicsne‐Wagner S, Griffo F. M(other) tongue: An exploration of the impact on power dynamics for the therapist working in English as a second language. Couns and Psychother Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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37
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Evers L. Being seen: The lived experience of psychodynamic practitioners disclosing or not disclosing sight impairment. European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13642537.2022.2156132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Evers
- Psychodynamic Practice, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
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38
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Martindale B. Changes in psychoanalytic therapy in Europe over three decades. Then and now. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02668734.2022.2124534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Osborn M, Rajah V. Understanding Formal Responses to Intimate Partner Violence and Women's Resistance Processes: A Scoping Review. Trauma Violence Abuse 2022; 23:1405-1419. [PMID: 33107397 DOI: 10.1177/1524838020967348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) literature addresses the ways in which women oppose violent male partners through acts of "everyday resistance." There is a limited understanding, however, of the relationship between women's resistance and their formal help-seeking in the context of IPV. Our scoping review, which includes 74 articles published in English-language journals between 1994 and 2017, attempts to help fill this gap by developing systematic knowledge regarding the following research questions: (1) How are formal institutional responses discussed within the literature on resistance to IPV? (2) How does institutional help-seeking facilitate or obstruct IPV survivors' personal efforts to resist violence? We find that institutions and organizations succeed in facilitating resistance processes when they counter victim-blaming ideas and provide IPV survivors with shared community and a sense of control over their futures. However, they fall short in terms of helping survivors by expecting survivors to adhere to a rigid narrative about appropriate responses to violence, devoting insufficient attention to individual-level factors impacting survivors' vulnerability and ability to access help, and replicating abuse dynamics when interacting with survivors. Policy and practice implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Osborn
- John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY, USA
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Valli Rajah
- John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY, USA
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA
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40
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Rajah V, Osborn M. Understanding the Body and Embodiment in the Context of Women's Resistance to Intimate Partner Violence: A Scoping Review. Trauma Violence Abuse 2022; 23:1461-1477. [PMID: 33641497 DOI: 10.1177/1524838021995941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Scholars acknowledge that women oppose male intimate partner violence (IPV). Yet there is limited comprehensive knowledge regarding how women's bodies and embodiment, that is, their physical and emotional practices and the cultural and social systems that influence them, figure in this process. Our scoping review helps fill this gap by analyzing and synthesizing 74 research articles published in English-language scholarly journals between 1994 and 2017 to address three research questions: (1) How does existing IPV research conceptualize resistance? (2) To what extent do the body and embodiment appear in this research? and (3) What common themes emerge from investigation of the role of embodiment and the body in the context of IPV? The articles identify several subtypes of resistance strategies including avoidance, help-seeking, violent action, and leaving a violent relationship. The reviewed research also regularly describes women's physical and emotional states in the context of IPV. Only a small number of these texts, however, define or conceptualize embodiment. Our analysis of the manner in which the body figures in women's resistance to IPV yielded four themes: (1) the active body, (2) the injured/constrained body, (3) the interactive body, and (4) the transformative body. We conclude with a discussion of policy and practice implications, such as the need to increase awareness about how institutions enforce embodied norms among victims and use the body to assign blame and/or proffer assistance in the context of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valli Rajah
- John Jay College, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Max Osborn
- John Jay College, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA
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41
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Taylor L, Kegerreis S, Rohleder P. Loss and Survival: Experiences of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapists Working Remotely During the
COVID
‐19 Pandemic. Brit J Psychotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/bjp.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Coaston SC, Lawrence C. Self-Compassion and Support for the Wounded Healer in Counselor Education. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15401383.2022.2146027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susannah C. Coaston
- School of Kinesiology, Counseling, and Rehabilitative Sciences. Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY United States
| | - Christopher Lawrence
- School of Kinesiology, Counseling, and Rehabilitative Sciences. Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY United States
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Solberg Kleiven G, Hjeltnes A, Natvik E, Moltu C. Engaging with difficult topics and emotional experiences in psychotherapy: A study of helpful therapist acts. Psychother Res 2022; 33:428-441. [PMID: 36345614 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2022.2132889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore moments during psychotherapy sessions in which clients experience that they have an opportunity to approach and engage with difficult topics and emotional experiences, with the aim of describing therapists' acts that support clients' in-session engagement. METHODS Two treatment sessions of 11 participants were videotaped and immediately followed by an in-depth semi-structured interview, using the interpersonal process recall (IPR) interview method. A follow-up interview was conducted 3 months after the final IPR interview. Participants' accounts were analyzed using thematic analyses. RESULTS Five themes of engagement-supportive acts resulted from our analyses: 1. inviting the client by showing acceptance; 2. recognizing the clients' hints and try-out signs; 3. providing information on the process and evaluating clients' expectations; 4. actively helping the clients to notice and stay with difficult experience and 5. showing sensitivity to the client's needs for micropauses. We discuss these themes as acts of recognition. CONCLUSION Clients found it was engagement-supportive when therapists implicitly and explicitly recognized the challenges of being in psychotherapy. This recognition could be achieved through the engagement-supportive acts described in the five themes. Therapists should continually make space for and seek a balance between different engagement-supportive acts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aslak Hjeltnes
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eli Natvik
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Førde, Norway
- The Centre for Health Research, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
| | - Christian Moltu
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Førde, Norway
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Lam A, Yau MK, Franklin RC, Leggat PA. Challenges in the delivery of sex education for people with intellectual disabilities: A Chinese cultural-contextual analysis. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2022; 35:1370-1379. [PMID: 35918305 PMCID: PMC9805194 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staff members' views can have a significant impact on sexuality issues of people with intellectual disabilities. Research on the impact of sociocultural factors in this area in the Chinese context is sparse. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven professionals (social worker, nurse, life skills trainer and manager) to explore their experiences of and attitudes towards the sexual needs of people with intellectual disabilities by applying interpretative phenomenological analysis. RESULTS The study identified two major themes, each with two sub-themes: 1. Professional handling of the sexual needs of people with intellectual disabilities (sex education and intervention); 2. Barriers (incompatible approaches and parental resistance). Participants also experienced feelings of resignation facing the barriers they encountered. Collectivism and cultural view about sex are potentially the influencing factors. CONCLUSION This study highlights the need to adopt an evidence-based sex education programme whose content and delivery should take account of cultural factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Lam
- College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia,School of Medical and Health SciencesTung Wah CollegeMongkokHong Kong SAR
| | - Matthew K. Yau
- College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia,School of Medical and Health SciencesTung Wah CollegeMongkokHong Kong SAR
| | - Richard C. Franklin
- College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia
| | - Peter A. Leggat
- College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia
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45
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Brook Y. How talking therapists experience working with adult clients who have autism. Couns and Psychother Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Brook
- Counselling and Psychotherapy Newman University Birmingham England UK
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Kokun O. The Ukrainian Population’s War Losses and Their Psychological and Physical Health. Journal of Loss and Trauma 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2022.2136612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Kokun
- G.S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Montemayor BN, Noland M, Barry AE. College students mandated to substance use courses: Age-of-onset as a predictor of contemporary polysubstance use. J Am Coll Health 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36194393 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2128682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: College campuses report alcohol and other drug policy violations as the most frequent reason students receive disciplinary referrals and, thus, are mandated to programming. This study sought to determine predictors of mandated students' alcohol use frequency, and the likelihood of early-onset alcohol using college students enrolled in mandated programming engaging in current polysubstance use. Methods and participants: Employing a purposive sampling method, n = 822 participants were recruited from a pool of students who violated their university's alcohol policy between October 2019 and July 2021. Results: Data analysis revealed early-onset alcohol use (p < .001), gender ID (p < .01), Greek Affiliation (p < .001), ethnicity (p < .05), and perceived norms (p < .001) significantly predicted alcohol frequency. Analysis also revealed engaging in early-onset alcohol use significantly predicted current participation in polysubstance use (p < 0.01), outside of controls. Conclusions: University programs should consider exploring polysubstance use targeted interventions to mitigate these harmful behaviors and associated negative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Montemayor
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Melody Noland
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
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Owen M, Long C. Outside Looking in: Gay Male Psychotherapists Making Meaning at the Intersection of Identity. J Homosex 2022; 71:1-22. [PMID: 36190772 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2022.2122362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A gay identity offers a perspective outside heteronormative narratives characterized by exclusion as well as a radical position of difference. Being a psychotherapist, too, holds complex implications for identity. This paper explores the lived experience of gay male psychotherapists, a group whose voice is seldom heard. Based on interviews with six White South African gay male psychotherapists, a narrative analysis explores their experience of identity and voice. This paper highlights the ways in which the journey to occupying oneself as gay and the journey of becoming a therapist are intertwined. The complex power relations evoked in this experience are explored, and the position of the gay male therapist as "outside looking in" is interrogated as a position of marginality that both excludes and provides a unique vantage point from which to challenge exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Owen
- Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Carol Long
- Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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49
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Arnoso A, Gonzalo A. Experiential Group Psychotherapy Training with Undergraduate Students in Spain. Int J Group Psychother 2022; 72:358-396. [PMID: 38446549 DOI: 10.1080/00207284.2022.2126844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a single case study design examining the experiences of 14 undergraduate psychology students in Spain who participated in a group psychology course with an analytic, experiential group training component. Our goal was to better understand trainees' experiences as participants in the groups and gather their perceptions on the main mechanisms of learning that occur. Qualitative data came from participants' personal reflective journals, and thematic analysis was used to code these data. Quantitative data came from participants' pre-post scores on a therapeutic factors inventory (Yalom's therapeutic factors). Test scores suggest that altruism, universality, cohesion, increased among participants, from pre- to posttest. In addition, qualitative analysis revealed that the group process followed an expected progression (e.g., hesitant and superficial, to deep and emotionally charged interventions, to themes surrounding closure and integration). We review learning mechanisms identified by participants, such as practice in the observer role and the use of silences in the group. Finally, we review the usefulness of an experiential approach in helping undergraduate students learn about group process, develop interpersonal skills, experience personal growth, and acquire group facilitation skills. Study limitations are also discussed.
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Aiyub A, Jannah SR, Marthoenis M, Abdullah A, Sofyan H. Exploring Local Values and Beliefs to Develop School-based Mental Health Anti-Stigma: A Phenomenology Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Students in middle-income countries frequently experience stigma related to mental disorders (MDs). Those with MDs are stereotyped as incompetent, uncontrollable, uncooperative, and dangerous. Stereotypes are predominantly formed and disseminated due to culture and beliefs. Therefore, it is essential to investigate, comprehend, and apply the local values and beliefs to increase the effectiveness of school-based anti-stigma programs.
AIM: This study aims to investigate the local values and beliefs related to mental health anti-stigma as early initiation of school-based anti-stigma development.
METHODS: This is an exploratory phenomenological study. A total of 30 informants were interviewed personally or participated in focus group discussions. Content analysis was performed to identify related sub-themes and themes.
RESULTS: This study identified seven themes and 15 sub-themes. The seventh theme included the importance of school-based anti-stigma, school-based anti-stigma approach, school-based anti-stigma method, media dissemination of school-based anti-stigma information, design of school-based anti-stigma information, the target group of school-based anti-stigma, and collaboration partners of school-based anti-stigma.
CONCLUSION: Adolescents in middle school frequently experience stigma regarding their mental health from their peers. Using both Islamic and mental health approaches, integrating internal and external stakeholders, dispelling unfavorable misconceptions and stereotypes, encouraging students to understand and empathize with others, and reducing the harmful effects of mental health stigma were found to help reduce the stigma of mental illness.
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