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Collinson RJ, Wilson L, Boey D, Ng ZY, Mirzai B, Chuah HS, Howman R, Grove CS, Malherbe JAJ, Leahy MF, Linden MD, Fuller KA, Erber WN, Guo BB. Transcription factor 3 is dysregulated in megakaryocytes in myelofibrosis. Platelets 2024; 35:2304173. [PMID: 38303515 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2024.2304173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factor 3 (TCF3) is a DNA transcription factor that modulates megakaryocyte development. Although abnormal TCF3 expression has been identified in a range of hematological malignancies, to date, it has not been investigated in myelofibrosis (MF). MF is a Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) that can arise de novo or progress from essential thrombocythemia [ET] and polycythemia vera [PV] and where dysfunctional megakaryocytes have a role in driving the fibrotic progression. We aimed to examine whether TCF3 is dysregulated in megakaryocytes in MPN, and specifically in MF. We first assessed TCF3 protein expression in megakaryocytes using an immunohistochemical approach analyses and showed that TCF3 was reduced in MF compared with ET and PV. Further, the TCF3-negative megakaryocytes were primarily located near trabecular bone and had the typical "MF-like" morphology as described by the WHO. Genomic analysis of isolated megakaryocytes showed three mutations, all predicted to result in a loss of function, in patients with MF; none were seen in megakaryocytes isolated from ET or PV marrow samples. We then progressed to transcriptomic sequencing of platelets which showed loss of TCF3 in MF. These proteomic, genomic and transcriptomic analyses appear to indicate that TCF3 is downregulated in megakaryocytes in MF. This infers aberrations in megakaryopoiesis occur in this progressive phase of MPN. Further exploration of this pathway could provide insights into TCF3 and the evolution of fibrosis and potentially lead to new preventative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Collinson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Lynne Wilson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Darren Boey
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Zi Yun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bob Mirzai
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Hun S Chuah
- Department of Haematology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Rockingham General Hospital, Rockingham, WA, Australia
| | - Rebecca Howman
- Department of Haematology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Nedlands Australia
| | - Carolyn S Grove
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Nedlands Australia
| | | | - Michael F Leahy
- Department of Haematology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Matthew D Linden
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Fuller
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Wendy N Erber
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Belinda B Guo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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Lau J, O G, Warnakulasuriya S, Balasubramaniam R, Frydrych A, Kujan O. Adjunctive aids for the detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review of systematic reviews. Jpn Dent Sci Rev 2024; 60:53-72. [PMID: 38283580 PMCID: PMC10821377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents the results of systematic reviews on adjunctive tools in screening and diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and to determine if the current literature supports their use as either an adjunctive tool or replacement of gold standard techniques. Systemic reviews and meta-analysis that evaluated adjunctive tools including chemiluminescence, tissue autofluorescence, tissue fluorescence spectroscopy, vital staining and cytology techniques were systematically examined using AMSTAR II. Twenty-seven systematic reviews were included. Five studies had a low quality of evidence, and nine studies had a critically low quality of evidence. This review found limited evidence to recommend chemiluminescence, tissue autofluorescence tools and vital staining as diagnostic tools, but only serve as clinical adjuncts to conventional oral examination. Cytology techniques and narrow-band imaging may be utilised as a non-invasive diagnostic adjunctive tool for the detection of OSCC and the malignant transformation of OPMD. In conclusion, this paper provides evidence on several types of adjunctive tools and provides recommendations on their use in clinical practice. These tools are considered useful as clinical adjuncts but there is insufficient evidence for their use as a diagnostic tool to replace gold standard conventional oral examination and surgical biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Lau
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Guru O
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Agnieszka Frydrych
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Naik D, Kalle AM. MicroRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of HDAC8 and HDAC6: Functional significance in cervical cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:732-743. [PMID: 38577018 PMCID: PMC10990743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer, a leading global cause of female mortality, exhibits diverse molecular aberrations influencing gene expression and signaling pathways. Epigenetic factors, including histone deacetylases (HDACs) such as HDAC8 and HDAC6, along with microRNAs (miRNAs), play pivotal roles in cervical cancer progression. Recent investigations have unveiled miRNAs as potential regulators of HDACs, offering a promising therapeutic avenue. This study employed in-silico miRNA prediction, qRT-PCR co-expression studies, and Dual-Luciferase reporter assays to identify miRNAs governing HDAC8 and HDAC6 in HeLa, cervical cancer cells. Results pinpointed miR-497-3p and miR-324-3p as novel negative regulators of HDAC8 and HDAC6, respectively. Functional assays demonstrated that miR-497-3p overexpression in HeLa cells suppressed HDAC8, leading to increased acetylation of downstream targets p53 and α-tubulin. Similarly, miR-324-3p overexpression inhibited HDAC6 mRNA and protein expression, enhancing acetylation of Hsp90 and α-tubulin. Notably, inhibiting HDAC8 via miRNA overexpression correlated with reduced cell viability, diminished epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and increased microtubule bundle formation in HeLa cells. In conclusion, miR-497-3p and miR-324-3p emerge as novel negative regulators of HDAC8 and HDAC6, respectively, with potential therapeutic implications. Elevated expression of these miRNAs in cervical cancer cells holds promise for inhibiting metastasis, offering a targeted approach for intervention in cervical malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Naik
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500046, India
| | - Arunasree M. Kalle
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500046, India
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Giri S, Choudhury A, Praharaj DL, Singh A, Vaidya A, Harindranath S, Anirvan P, Kalia S, Shukla A. Changing Etiological Spectrum of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101391. [PMID: 38559423 PMCID: PMC10979108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies from both India and outside India have shown a change in the etiological profile of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to analyze the etiological spectrum and changing trends of HCC etiology in India using a systematic review of current literature and meta-analysis. Methods Electronic databases of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase were searched from inception to July 2023 for studies reporting the data on the etiology of HCC from India. The pooled proportions with 95% confidence interval were calculated using summative statistics. Results A total of 60 studies (n = 12,327) were included in the final analysis. The pooled proportions of HCC cases with at least one positive and negative viral marker were 56.0 (49.5-62.6) and 43.1% (36.5-49.8), respectively. The pooled proportion of HCC cases with positive hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers was 41.0 (35.8-46.1), while those with positive markers for hepatitis C virus were 20.3 (17.0-23.6). The pooled proportion of cases with HCC with significant alcohol intake was 19.0% (15.6-22.4), and those related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were 16.9% (12.1-21.7). Around 7.9% (5.8-10.0) of the cases had HCC with multiple etiologies. Subgroup analysis showed a significant variation with the location of the study based on zone. Meta-regression analysis based on publication year (1990-2023) showed a significant reduction in the proportion of cases with HBV and an increase in cases with NAFLD. In contrast, the proportion of cases with hepatitis C virus and alcohol did not change significantly. Conclusion Viral hepatitis is the most common etiology of HCC in India, predominantly HBV. The proportions of cases with HCC related to NAFLD are increasing, and those related to HBV are declining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprabhat Giri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ashok Choudhury
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dibya L Praharaj
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ankita Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Arun Vaidya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Sidharth Harindranath
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Prajna Anirvan
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Shivam Kalia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Akash Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Giordo R, Ahmadi FAM, Husaini NA, Al-Nuaimi NRA, Ahmad SM, Pintus G, Zayed H. microRNA 21 and long non-coding RNAs interplays underlie cancer pathophysiology: A narrative review. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:831-852. [PMID: 38586315 PMCID: PMC10995982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a diverse group of functional RNA molecules that lack the ability to code for proteins. Despite missing this traditional role, ncRNAs have emerged as crucial regulators of various biological processes and have been implicated in the development and progression of many diseases, including cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two prominent classes of ncRNAs that have emerged as key players in cancer pathophysiology. In particular, miR-21 has been reported to exhibit oncogenic roles in various forms of human cancer, including prostate, breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. In this context, miR-21 overexpression is closely associated with tumor proliferation, growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance, whereas miR-21 inactivation is linked to the regression of most tumor-related processes. Accordingly, miR-21 is a crucial modulator of various canonical oncogenic pathways such as PTEN/PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, STAT, p53, MMP2, and MMP9. Moreover, interplays between lncRNA and miRNA further complicate the regulatory mechanisms underlying tumor development and progression. In this regard, several lncRNAs have been found to interact with miR-21 and, by functioning as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) or miRNA sponges, can modulate cancer tumorigenesis. This work presents and discusses recent findings highlighting the roles and pathophysiological implications of the miR-21-lncRNA regulatory axis in cancer occurrence, development, and progression. The data collected indicate that specific lncRNAs, such as MEG3, CASC2, and GAS5, are strongly associated with miR-21 in various types of cancer, including gastric, cervical, lung, and glioma. Indeed, these lncRNAs are well-known tumor suppressors and are commonly downregulated in different types of tumors. Conversely, by modulating various mechanisms and oncogenic signaling pathways, their overexpression has been linked with preventing tumor formation and development. This review highlights the significance of these regulatory pathways in cancer and their potential for use in cancer therapy as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Giordo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fatemeh Abdullah M. Ahmadi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nedal Al Husaini
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Noora Rashid A.M. Al-Nuaimi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salma M.S. Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City Rd, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Abu-Aqil G, Suleiman M, Lapidot I, Huleihel M, Salman A. Infrared spectroscopy-based machine learning algorithms for rapid detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated directly from patients' urine and determining its susceptibility to antibiotics. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 314:124141. [PMID: 38513317 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Among the most prevalent and detrimental bacteria causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) is Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae. A rapid determination of its antibiotic susceptibility can enhance patient treatment and mitigate the spread of resistant strains. In this study, we assessed the viability of using infrared spectroscopy-based machine learning as a rapid and precise approach for detecting K. pneumoniae bacteria and determining its susceptibility to various antibiotics directly from a patient's urine sample. In this study, 2333 bacterial samples, including 636 K. pneumoniae were investigated using infrared micro-spectroscopy. The obtained spectra (27996spectra) were analyzed with XGBoost classifier, achieving a success rate exceeding 95 % for identifying K. pneumoniae. Moreover, this method allows for the simultaneous determination of K. pneumoniae susceptibility to various antibiotics with sensitivities ranging between 74 % and 81 % within approximately 40 min after receiving the patient's urine sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Abu-Aqil
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Manal Suleiman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Itshak Lapidot
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ACLP-Afeka Center for Language Processing, Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering, Tel-Aviv 69107, Israel
| | - Mahmoud Huleihel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Ahmad Salman
- Department of Physics, SCE - Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva 84100, Israel.
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Ssedyabane F, Ngonzi J, Tusubira D, Nambi Najjuma J, Kajabwangu R, Okeny C, Nuwashaba D, Namuli A, Niyonzima N. Association between serum P16ink4A concentration and CIN and cervical cancer among women attending a cervical cancer clinic in western Uganda: A case control study. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2024; 53:101388. [PMID: 38590932 PMCID: PMC10999470 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2024.101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tissue expression of P16ink4A is correlated with cervical lesions. In this study we determined the association between serum P16ink4A concentrations and cervical lesions among women attending the cervical cancer clinic at Mbarara Regional Hospital (MRRH) South Western Uganda. Material and Methods We recruited 90 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) cases, 90 cervical cancer (CC) cases before treatment and 90 controls. Clinical and demographic data were recorded. Serum P16ink4A concentrations were measured by quantitative Elisa. Cases were confirmed with cytology and/or histology. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were done with STATA 17 and P-values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean serum P16ink4A concentration among CIN cases, CC cases and controls was 1.11(+/-0.66) ng/ml, 1.45(+/-1.11) ng/ml and 1.13(+/-0.61) ng/ml respectively (p = 0.008). 50 % of CIN cases and controls as well as 60 % of CC cases had P16ink4A concentration above 0.946 ng/ml. There were increased odds of CIN for serum P16ink4A though statistically insignificant (AOR: 1.11, p-value: 0.70). There was also a statistically significant reduction in odds of CC for serum P16ink4A (AOR: 0.55, p-value: 0.01). Conclusion Serum P16ink4A may likely be associated with cervical lesions especially CC in our study population and this may aid detection of such lesions. Diagnostic utility studies for circulating P16ink4A in detection of cervical cancer are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Ssedyabane
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Joseph Ngonzi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mbarara University of Science of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Deusdedit Tusubira
- Department of Biochemistry, Mbarara University of Science of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Josephine Nambi Najjuma
- Department of Nursing, Mbarara University of Science of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Rogers Kajabwangu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mbarara University of Science of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Christopher Okeny
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Doreen Nuwashaba
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Alexcer Namuli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mbarara University of Science of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Nixon Niyonzima
- Research and Training Directorate, Uganda Cancer Institute, P. O. Box 3935, Kampala, Uganda
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Roth GS, Verlingue L, Sarabi M, Blanc JF, Boleslawski E, Boudjema K, Bretagne-Bignon AL, Camus-Duboc M, Coriat R, Créhange G, De Baere T, de la Fouchardière C, Dromain C, Edeline J, Gelli M, Guiu B, Horn S, Laurent-Croise V, Lepage C, Lièvre A, Lopez A, Manfredi S, Meilleroux J, Neuzillet C, Paradis V, Prat F, Ronot M, Rosmorduc O, Cunha AS, Soubrane O, Turpin A, Louvet C, Bouché O, Malka D. Biliary tract cancers: French national clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatments and follow-up (TNCD, SNFGE, FFCD, UNICANCER, GERCOR, SFCD, SFED, AFEF, SFRO, SFP, SFR, ACABi, ACHBPT). Eur J Cancer 2024; 202:114000. [PMID: 38493667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This document is a summary of the French intergroup guidelines of the management of biliary tract cancers (BTC) (intrahepatic, perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinomas, and gallbladder carcinomas) published in September 2023, available on the website of the French Society of Gastroenterology (SNFGE) (www.tncd.org). METHODS This collaborative work was conducted under the auspices of French medical and surgical societies involved in the management of BTC. Recommendations were graded in three categories (A, B and C) according to the level of scientific evidence until August 2023. RESULTS BTC diagnosis and staging is mainly based on enhanced computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and (endoscopic) ultrasound-guided biopsy. Treatment strategy depends on BTC subtype and disease stage. Surgery followed by adjuvant capecitabine is recommended for localised disease. No neoadjuvant treatment is validated to date. Cisplatin-gemcitabine chemotherapy combined to the anti-PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab is the first-line standard of care for advanced disease. Early systematic tumour molecular profiling is recommended to screen for actionable alterations (IDH1 mutations, FGFR2 rearrangements, HER2 amplification, BRAFV600E mutation, MSI/dMMR status, etc.) and guide subsequent lines of treatment. In the absence of actionable alterations, FOLFOX chemotherapy is the only second-line standard-of-care. No third-line chemotherapy standard is validated to date. CONCLUSION These guidelines are intended to provide a personalised therapeutic strategy for daily clinical practice. Each individual BTC case should be discussed by a multidisciplinary team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael S Roth
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes / Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology department, CHU Grenoble Alpes / Institute for Advanced Biosciences, CNRS UMR 5309-INSERM U1209, Grenoble, France
| | - Loic Verlingue
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, France
| | - Matthieu Sarabi
- Gastroenterology Department, Hopital privé Jean Mermoz, 69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Boleslawski
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1189, CHU Lille, Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Transplantations, Lille, France
| | - Karim Boudjema
- Département de chirurgie viscérale hépatobiliaire, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | | | - Marine Camus-Duboc
- Endoscopie digestive, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP/Sorbonne Université, Paris France
| | - Romain Coriat
- Service de gastroentérologie, d'endoscopie et d'oncologie digestive, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Créhange
- Radiation Oncology Department. Paris/Saint-Cloud/Orsay, Institut Curie. PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Thierry De Baere
- Département de Radiologie Interventionnelle, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | | | - Clarisse Dromain
- Service de radiodiagnostic et radiologie interventionnelle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Switzerland
| | | | - Maximiliano Gelli
- Département de Chirurgie Viscérale, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Boris Guiu
- Department of Radiology, St-Eloi University Hospital - Montpellier School of Medicine, Montpellier, France
| | - Samy Horn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Benite, France
| | - Valérie Laurent-Croise
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Hôpital de Brabois, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Côme Lepage
- Université de Bourgogne, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, INSERM U1231. BP 87 900, 14 rue Paul Gaffarel, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Astrid Lièvre
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rennes University Hospital, University of Rennes 1, INSERM Unité 1242, Rennes, France
| | - Anthony Lopez
- INSERM U1256, NGERE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, University of Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France, NGERE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sylvain Manfredi
- Université de Bourgogne, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, INSERM U1231. BP 87 900, 14 rue Paul Gaffarel, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Julie Meilleroux
- Pathology and Cytology Department, CHU Toulouse, IUCT Oncopole, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- GI Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie - Site Saint Cloud, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Paris Saclay University, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Université Paris Cité, APHP.Nord Sce d'Anatomie Pathologique Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, INSERM UMR 1149, France
| | - Frédéric Prat
- Endoscopie digestive, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Maxime Ronot
- Department of Medical Imaging, Beaujon University Hospital, Clichy, France
| | - Olivier Rosmorduc
- AP-HP Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, INSERM U1193, Université Paris-Saclay, FHU Hépatinov, France
| | - Antonio Sa Cunha
- AP-HP Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, INSERM U1193, Université Paris-Saclay, FHU Hépatinov, France
| | - Olivier Soubrane
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Turpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, CNRS UMR9020, Inserm UMR-S 1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University Lille, CHU Lille, Lille; GERCOR, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Louvet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Bouché
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - David Malka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France.
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Kumar SV, Kumar V, Sati A, Mishra SK, Khera S, Mishra A, Mathur A, Gopinath M, Mohimen A, Malik V, Kumar NV. Clinicodemographic profile, management, and treatment outcomes in advanced retinoblastoma at a tertiary care center in North India. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:653-658. [PMID: 38099390 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1849_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was undertaken to look into the clinicodemographic profile, management, and clinical outcomes of advanced retinoblastoma at a tertiary care center. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted from Jan 2019 to Dec 2022. Forty-two patients of intraocular advanced retinoblastoma were assessed. The treatment protocol was formulated based on size, extension of tumor, and laterality. Primary outcome measure was response to the treatment in terms of regression of tumor and seeds and no evidence of recurrence after 12 month in enucleated eyes. Secondary outcome measures were complications like implant exposure, metastasis, and death associated with each treatment modality. RESULTS The mean age of the study group was 13 months. The most common presentation was leukocoria with diminished vision. Most of the patients had group E retinoblastoma ( n = 40, 95%) as per the International Classification of Retinoblastoma. In 12 patients with group E retinoblastoma, primary enucleation was performed and in six patients, secondary enucleation was done, in which initially, globe salvage treatment was tried. In 30 patients, globe salvage treatment was attempted and we could manage to save 23 eyes. The most common treatment modality was intra-arterial chemotherapy using a triple-drug regimen. One patient developed intracranial spread and died due to systemic metastasis during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION The current study showed that globe salvage is possible in advanced retinoblastoma if appropriate therapy is instituted depending upon the extent of the tumor and availability of latest treatment modalities. Intra-arterial chemotherapy using triple drugs can be offered as a first-line therapy in advanced unilateral retinoblastoma as it has been found to be very effective in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Vinay Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Venkateshwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Gajraula, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Sati
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Mishra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Khera
- Department of Paediatrics, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi, India
| | - Atul Mishra
- Department of Radiology, Command Hospital Eastern Command, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankit Mathur
- Department of Radiology, Command Hospital Northern Command, Udhampur, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Manoj Gopinath
- Department of Radiology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi, India
| | - Aneesh Mohimen
- Department of Radiology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi, India
| | - Virender Malik
- Department of Radiology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi, India
| | - Natasha V Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, India
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Zereshkian A, Shafi R, Pond GR, Hotte SJ. Nivolumab in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck (SCCHN): A Real-world Outcome Study in Ontario, Canada. J Immunother 2024; 47:123-127. [PMID: 38230590 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The CheckMate-141 trial led to the approval of nivolumab in platinum-resistant metastatic/advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN). We evaluated the outcomes of SCCHN patients in Ontario, Canada, treated with nivolumab through retrospective review of the provincial treatment registry. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and Cox regression to evaluate the prognostic effect of selected factors. Nivolumab was used as second-line therapy after disease relapse for curative-intent platinum chemotherapy (PC) (indication 1-I1), as second-line therapy post-PC in noncurative intent (indication 2-I2), and as first-line therapy in noncurative intent due to contraindication for PC (indication 3-I3). The median OS for patients treated with nivolumab was 5.8 months (95% CI: 4.5-7.3), and the 1-year OS was 28.4% (CI: 2.10-36.1). When patients with I3 were excluded to match inclusion criteria for CheckMate-141, median OS was 4.8 months (CI: 3.6-6.7) with 1-year OS of 21.8% (14.4-30.1). Patients with lower body surface area (BSA) (<1.81) had a median OS of 3.9 months (CI: 3.1-6.7) versus 9.0 months (CI: 6.5-14.8) in those with higher BSA, hazard ratio (HR)=0.12 (CI: 0.04-0.39, P <0.001). Patients receiving nivolumab for I1 had a median OS of 7.2 months (CI 3.8-9.8) versus 11.9 months (CI: 6.2-not reached) for I3, HR=1.73 (CI: 0.94-3.16). Patients receiving nivolumab for I2 had a median OS of 3.9 months (CI: 2.9-5.4) as compared with I3, HR=3.27 (CI: 1.80-5.94). Real-world analysis of patients with advanced/metastatic SCCHN in Ontario, Canada, treated with nivolumab demonstrates poorer median OS compared with CheckMate-141 trial. Lower BSA was a predictor of poorer median OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Zereshkian
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ruaa Shafi
- Princess Noorah Oncology Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gregory R Pond
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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11
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Iyer P, Krishnamurthy A, Velusamy S, Sundersingh S, Rajaram S, Balasubramanian A, Radhakrishnan V. Effect of Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiation on Operability and Survival in Locally Advanced Inoperable Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:163-171. [PMID: 38036271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inoperable locally advanced breast cancers (LABCs) are treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We studied the use of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation (NACCRT) in patients with inoperable LABC. METHODS AND MATERIALS From May 2017 to December 2021, the study recruited patients with stage III inoperable LABC. Treatment included 4 cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide and 4 cycles of paclitaxel, along with concurrent radiation therapy to a total dose of 46 Gy. Thereafter, all patients were evaluated for surgery, and additional treatments were given based on receptor status. The effects of NACCRT on pathologic complete response (pCR), operability, and survival were analyzed. RESULTS The study involved 202 female patients with a median age of 52 years. Of these, 23.7% had IIIA, 65.3% had IIIB, and 10.8% had IIIC disease. Hormone receptor-positive disease was observed in 44.6% of patients, triple-negative breast cancer was observed in 24.8% of patients, and Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive disease was observed in 30.7% of patients. Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) was performed in 88.1% of patients, 8.5% of patients remained inoperable, and 3.4% of patients declined surgery. Among the patients who underwent MRM, 36.5% of patients had a pCR. Patients who were operable and underwent MRM had complete resections and had negative margins. pCR was observed in 16% with hormone receptor-positive disease, in 45.6% with triple-negative breast cancer, and in 60.7% with HER2-positive disease. Grade 3 skin reactions were observed in 19.3% of patients. Postoperative wound morbidity requiring hospitalization was observed in 10.6% of patients. After a median follow-up of 42 months, the 4-year event-free survival and overall survival rates were 63.4% and 71.5%, respectively. HER2-positive patients who achieved a pCR had significantly improved event-free survival and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that using NACCRT can improve operability and survival outcomes in patients with inoperable LABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Iyer
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A.), Chennai, India.
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12
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Saboorifar H, Zafarani Y, Gholampour G, Roghani A, Qiu F, Dequaniter D, Yu Q. Serum inflammatory markers as prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with liver metastasis: a multi-center retrospective study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08649-2. [PMID: 38642085 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This retrospective study investigated the prognostic value of serum inflammatory markers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, focusing on their association with overall survival (OS) and liver metastasis-free survival (LMFS). METHODS The study included 314 NPC patients treated between 2010 and 2020. Clinical characteristics, treatment methods, and serum inflammatory markers were assessed. Patients were categorized into two groups of with and without liver metastasis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to investigate the prognostic value of serum inflammatory markers in NPC patients with and without liver metastasis. RESULTS In the whole cohort, univariate Cox regression analysis singled out tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (HR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.44-4.90, p = 0.004) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (HR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.33-3.99, p = 0.009), which were significantly associated with poorer OS. In patients with liver metastasis, TNF-α and NLR could not independently predict OS. However, high TNF-α levels were independently associated with worse OS in patients without liver metastasis (HR (95% CI) = 2.75 (1.67-8.68), p < 0.001). High NLR levels could independently predict poor OS in both groups with (HR (95% CI) = 1.94 (1.77-6.38), p = 0.010) and without liver metastasis (HR (95% CI) = 1.58 (1.19-7.54), p = 0.009). Ultimately, TNF-α and NLR could not significantly predict LMFS. CONCLUSION This study highlights the prognostic significance of TNF-α and NLR in NPC patients, especially in those with liver metastasis. These inflammatory markers could serve as valuable indicators for assessing the prognosis of NPC patients. Further research is warranted to validate their clinical utility and explore potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Saboorifar
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Yasamin Zafarani
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Golsa Gholampour
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arman Roghani
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dideir Dequaniter
- Medicine Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Qiao Yu
- Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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Seman ZA, Ahid F, Kamaluddin NR, Sahid ENM, Esa E, Said SSM, Azman N, Mat WKDW, Abdullah J, Ali NA, Khalid MKNM, Yusoff YM. Mutation analysis of BCR-ABL1 kinase domain in chronic myeloid leukemia patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitors resistance: a Malaysian cohort study. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:111. [PMID: 38643202 PMCID: PMC11031984 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06772-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutational analysis of BCR::ABL1 kinase domain (KD) is a crucial component of clinical decision algorithms for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients with failure or warning responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. This study aimed to detect BCR::ABL1 KD mutations in CML patients with treatment resistance and assess the concordance between NGS (next generation sequencing) and Sanger sequencing (SS) in detecting these mutations. RESULTS In total, 12 different BCR::ABL1 KD mutations were identified by SS in 22.6% (19/84) of patients who were resistant to TKI treatment. Interestingly, NGS analysis of the same patient group revealed an additional four different BCR::ABL1 KD mutations in 27.4% (23/84) of patients. These mutations are M244V, A344V, E355A, and E459K with variant read frequency below 15%. No mutation was detected in 18 patients with optimal response to TKI therapy. Resistance to TKIs is associated with the acquisition of additional mutations in BCR::ABL1 KD after treatment with TKIs. Additionally, the use of NGS is advised for accurately determining the mutation status of BCR::ABL1 KD, particularly in cases where the allele frequency is low, and for identifying mutations across multiple exons simultaneously. Therefore, the utilization of NGS as a diagnostic platform for this test is very promising to guide therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahidah Abu Seman
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia
- Centre for Medical Laboratory Technology Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, 42300, Malaysia
| | - Fadly Ahid
- Centre for Medical Laboratory Technology Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, 42300, Malaysia.
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Initiative Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Rizan Kamaluddin
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia
| | - Ermi Neiza Mohd Sahid
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia
| | - Ezalia Esa
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia
| | - Siti Shahrum Muhamed Said
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Tunku Azizah, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, WP, 50300, Malaysia
| | - Norazlina Azman
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Tunku Azizah, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, WP, 50300, Malaysia
| | - Wan Khairull Dhalila Wan Mat
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia
| | - Julia Abdullah
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aqilah Ali
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Khairul Nizam Mohd Khalid
- Inborn Error of Metabolism and Genetic Unit, Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Nutrition, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia
| | - Yuslina Mat Yusoff
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia.
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Curtis K, Gough K, Krishnasamy M, Tarasenko E, Hill G, Keogh S. Central venous access device terminologies, complications, and reason for removal in oncology: a scoping review. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:498. [PMID: 38641574 PMCID: PMC11027380 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of agreed terminology and definitions in healthcare compromises communication, patient safety, optimal management of adverse events, and research progress. The purpose of this scoping review was to understand the terminologies used to describe central venous access devices (CVADs), associated complications and reasons for premature removal in people undergoing cancer treatment. It also sought to identify the definitional sources for complications and premature removal reasons. The objective was to map language and descriptions used and to explore opportunities for standardisation. METHODS A systematic search of MedLine, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL Complete and Embase databases was performed. Eligibility criteria included, but were not limited to, adult patients with cancer, and studies published between 2017 and 2022. Articles were screened and data extracted in Covidence. Data charting included study characteristics and detailed information on CVADs including terminologies and definitional sources for complications and premature removal reasons. Descriptive statistics, tables and bar graphs were used to summarise charted data. RESULTS From a total of 2363 potentially eligible studies, 292 were included in the review. Most were observational studies (n = 174/60%). A total of 213 unique descriptors were used to refer to CVADs, with all reasons for premature CVAD removal defined in 84 (44%) of the 193 studies only, and complications defined in 56 (57%) of the 292 studies. Where available, definitions were author-derived and/or from national resources and/or other published studies. CONCLUSION Substantial variation in CVAD terminology and a lack of standard definitions for associated complications and premature removal reasons was identified. This scoping review demonstrates the need to standardise CVAD nomenclature to enhance communication between healthcare professionals as patients undergoing cancer treatment transition between acute and long-term care, to enhance patient safety and rigor of research protocols, and improve the capacity for data sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerrie Curtis
- Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Karla Gough
- Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Meinir Krishnasamy
- Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre Alliance, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Geoff Hill
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Samantha Keogh
- Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Yadav K, Vijayalakshmi R, Kumar Sahu K, Sure P, Chahal K, Yadav R, Sucheta, Dubey A, Jha M, Pradhan M. Exosome-Based Macromolecular neurotherapeutic drug delivery approaches in overcoming the Blood-Brain barrier for treating brain disorders. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024:114298. [PMID: 38642716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Delivering drugs to the brain is a complex challenge in medical research, particularly for disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The blood-brain barrier restricts the entry of many therapeutic molecules, hindering their effectiveness. Nanoparticles, a potential solution, face issues like toxicity and limited approvals. A new avenue explores the use of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), i.e., exosomes, as natural carriers for drug delivery. sEVs, tiny structures below 150 nm, show promise due to their minimal immune response and ability to precisely deliver drugs. This review focuses on the potential of sEVs-based drug delivery systems for treating neurological disorders, brain cancers, and other brain-related issues. Notably, bioengineered sEVs-carrying therapeutic compounds exhibit promise in early studies. The unique features of sEVs, such as their small size and natural properties, position them as candidates to overcome challenges in drug delivery to the brain. Ongoing clinical trials and research into sEVs behavior within the body further highlight their potential for revolutionizing drug delivery and addressing complex brain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Yadav
- Raipur Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sarona, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - R Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GIET School of Pharmacy, Chaitanya Knowledge City, Rajahmundry, AP, 533296, India
| | - Kantrol Kumar Sahu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India
| | - Pavani Sure
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kavita Chahal
- Department of Botany, Government Model Science College Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Yadav
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K. R. Mangalam University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Sucheta
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K. R. Mangalam University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Akhilesh Dubey
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Megha Jha
- Department of Life Science, Mansarovar Global University, Sehore, M.P., India
| | - Madhulika Pradhan
- Gracious College of Pharmacy, Abhanpur, Chhattisgarh, 493661, India.
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Yan X, Ren W, Li S, Zhu Z, Gao L, Zhi K. Primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma resembling infratemporal space infection: a case report. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:470. [PMID: 38637781 PMCID: PMC11027397 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma belonging to the CD30 + T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. The case of PC-ALCL in the temporal region is exceedingly rare. Herein, we report a case of PC-ALCL involving the temporal region mimicking infratemporal space infection. CASE PRESENTATION A 78-year-old woman presented to maxillofacial surgery service with a 6-month history of swelling and pain in the left side of her face. Laboratory investigations found an elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). Imaging findings showed enlarged lymph nodes and extensive thickening of subcutaneous tissue of the left temples. Based on these findings, the infratemporal space infection was suspected initially. The patient underwent incision and drainage, and we unexpectedly found no pus in the lesion area. Incisional biopsy showed necrosis and extensive involvement of the left temples by a diffuse infiltrate containing large, atypical cells. The tumor cells were positive for CD30, CD3, Ki67. They were negative for ALK (SP8), CD5, CD8, CD20 and PAX5. After considering these findings, a diagnosis of PC-ALCL was rendered. The patient was admitted to the lymphoma department for systemic chemotherapy and no relapse occurred during a follow-up period of six months. CONCLUSIONS This report suggests that if there are suspicious intraoperative manifestations, carrying out a biopsy simultaneously, using Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and a comprehensive Immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel are essential to diagnosing PC-ALCL to prevent misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Shaoming Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Zhuang Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
| | - Keqian Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
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Mohd Desa SNF, Doss JG, Kadir K, Ch'ng LL, Kok TC, Jelon MA, Yahya MR, Parumo R, Chong SMY, Shim CK. An insight into clinicians' practices in breaking bad news of oral cancer diagnosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024:S0901-5027(24)00059-6. [PMID: 38637182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Communication is an integral component of effective healthcare delivery to patients, and this includes breaking bad news (BBN). However, clinicians in dentistry are rarely exposed to diseases that can negatively and seriously affect an individual's view of their future and pose a mortality risk, except for oral cancer. The aim of this study was to assess clinician practices in BBN of oral cancer diagnosis in Malaysia. An exploratory sequential mixed-methods study design was used. A qualitative study was conducted among 12 clinicians to gather relevant information regarding their practices in BBN of oral cancer diagnosis using a descriptive-interpretive approach. The themes that emerged were preparation for BBN, BBN setting, communication, emotional aspects, and summarizing the session. These themes were used to develop a questionnaire with 34 items. In the quantitative study, this questionnaire was sent to 87 clinicians who had experienced BBN of oral cancer diagnosis in the past 5 years; the response rate was 100%. An arbitrary cut-off score between the third and fourth quartiles was set to distinguish 'good' and 'poor' practice in BBN among the clinicians. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 23.0. Overall, at least two-thirds of the clinicians had good practices in BBN of oral cancer diagnosis. The clinicians' designation (oral and maxillofacial surgery consultant/specialist vs dental officer) and BBN experiences were factors associated with their practices in BBN of oral cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N F Mohd Desa
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Periodontology and Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J G Doss
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - K Kadir
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - L L Ch'ng
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Seberang Jaya, Perai, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - T C Kok
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Hospital Queen Elizabeth, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - M A Jelon
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M R Yahya
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - R Parumo
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - S M Y Chong
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - C K Shim
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Hospital Umum Sarawak, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Banchi M, Cox MC, Bocci G. Metronomic chemotherapy in hematology: lessons from preclinical and clinical studies to build a solid rationale for future schedules. Cancer Lett 2024:216900. [PMID: 38636896 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Metronomic chemotherapy (mCHEMO), based on frequent, regular administration of low, but pharmacologically active drug doses, optimizes antitumor efficacy by targeting multiple targets and reducing toxicity of antineoplastic drugs. This minireview will summarize preclinical and clinical studies on cytotoxic drugs given at weekly, daily, or at continuous metronomic schedules alone or in combination with novel targeted agents for hematological malignancies, including lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and leukaemia. Most of the preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies have reported a significant benefit of both mCHEMO monotherapy and combinatorial regimens compared with chemotherapy at the maximum tolerated dose. However, the combination of mCHEMO with targeted drugs is still little explored in the hematologic clinical setting. Data obtained from preclinical studies on low dose metronomic chemotherapy in hematological malignancies clearly suggested the possibility to clinically investigate more tolerable and effective strategies for the treatment of patients with advanced hematological malignancies, or at least for those frail and elderly patients, who are not eligible or resistant to standard treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Banchi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Guido Bocci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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19
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Bhandare MS, Gundavda KK, Yelamanchi R, Chopde A, Batra S, Kolhe M, Ramaswamy A, Ostwal V, Deodhar K, Chaudhari V, Shrikhande SV. Impact of pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical D2 dissection in locally advanced gastric cancers: Analysis of 1001 cases. Eur J Surg Oncol 2024; 50:108343. [PMID: 38640606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in perioperative chemotherapy have improved outcomes in patients with gastric cancers (GC). This strategy leads to tumour downstaging and may result in a pathologic complete response (pCR). The study aimed to evaluate the predictors of pCR and determine the impact of pCR on long-term survival. METHODS At the Department of Gastrointestinal and HPB Oncology at the Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 1001 consecutive patients with locally advanced GCs undergoing radical resection following neoadjuvant chemotherapy from January 2005 to June 2022 were included. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 61 months, the median OS was 53 months with a 5-year OS of 46.8 %. Ninety-five patients (9.49 %) realized pCR. Non-signet and well-differentiated histology were associated with pCR. pCR was significantly associated with improved OS, 5-year OS 79.2 % vs 43.2 % (HR 0.30, p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, the realization of pCR and completion of adjuvant chemotherapy had superior OS. Whereas, signet-ring histology, linitis-like tumours, and high lymph node ratio had adverse outcomes. CONCLUSION Tumour grade and signet-ring histology predict achievement of pCR in locally advanced GCs after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with pCR have significantly improved survival. Future neoadjuvant strategies should focus on enhancing pCR rates to improve overall outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish S Bhandare
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Kaival K Gundavda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Raghav Yelamanchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Amit Chopde
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Swati Batra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Armed Forces Medical Services (Army Hospital, Research and Referral), Delhi, India.
| | - Manjushree Kolhe
- Department of Statistics, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Anant Ramaswamy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Vikas Ostwal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Kedar Deodhar
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Vikram Chaudhari
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shailesh V Shrikhande
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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Ranganathan S, Dee EC, Debnath N, Patel TA, Jain B, Murthy V. Access and barriers to genomic classifiers for breast cancer and prostate cancer in India. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1335-1339. [PMID: 37962056 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer in general, including breast and prostate cancer specifically, is increasing in India. Breast and prostate cancers have genomic classifiers developed to guide therapy decisions. However, these genomic classifiers are often inaccessible in India due to high cost. These classifiers may also be less suitable to the Indian population, as data primarily from patients in wealthy Western countries were used in developing these genomic classifiers. In addition to the limitations in using these existing genomic classifiers, developing and validating new genomic classifiers for breast and prostate cancer in India is challenging due to the heterogeneity in the Indian population. However, there are steps that can be taken to address the various barriers that currently exist for accurate, accessible genomic classifiers for cancer in India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward Christopher Dee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Neha Debnath
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Morningside/West), New York, New York, USA
| | - Tej A Patel
- Department of Healthcare Management & Policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bhav Jain
- Department of Health Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Vedang Murthy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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21
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Zhang P, Xu J, Wu Q, Qian J, Wang S. Development of crizotinib-associated renal cyst in a non-small cell lung cancer patient with ALK fusion: a case report and review of the literature. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:58. [PMID: 38616252 PMCID: PMC11016210 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crizotinib, an oral first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is superior to systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with positive rearrangement of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). However, an increased incidence of renal and hepatic cysts has been reported in the patients on crizotinib treatment. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we describe a case of a 71-year-old Chinese women developed multiple cystic lesions in kidney and liver during crizotinib treatment for the primary and metastatic NSCLC. The renal and hepatic cysts were noted by CT scan 3 months after crizotinib treatment, which were spontaneously and significantly regressed after stopping crizotinib. CONCLUSIONS Based on literature review and our experience in this case report, we concluded that crizotinib-associated renal cyst (CARCs) has features of malignancy and abscess in radiographic imaging, and thus, pathological confirmation is necessary to avoid inappropriate treatment decision. In addition, to benefit the patients with progress-free survival (PFS), switching from crizotinib to alectinib is recommended for the treatment of NSCLC patients who developed CARCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Six Departments of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - JiaHua Xu
- Seven Departments of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Seven Departments of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Qian
- Seven Departments of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Sakamoto M, Kumar A, Choudhary DK, Bishwapriya A, Ghosh A. Geo-spatial epidemiology of gallbladder cancer in Bihar, India. Sci Total Environ 2024; 928:172460. [PMID: 38615781 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Recently, a substantial increase in gallbladder cancer (GBC) cases has been reported in Bihar, India. The region's groundwater can naturally contain harmful concentrations of arsenic, which appears to be epidemiologically linked to the unusually high incidence. However, the root causes remain largely unexplored. Recent findings of uranium in the state's groundwater may also have associations. This study investigates the geo-spatial epidemiology of GBC in Bihar, India-with a focus on the correlation between environmental carcinogens, particularly arsenic and uranium in groundwater, and the incidence of GBC. Utilizing data from 8460 GBC patients' registration records over an 11-year period at a single health center, the research employs Semi-parametric Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (S-GWPR) to account for non-stationarity associations and explores significant factors contributing to GBC prevalence at a subdistrict level. The S-GWPR model outperformed the standard Poisson regression model. The estimates suggest that arsenic and uranium concentrations in groundwater did not present significant associations; however, this could be due to the lower resolution of this data at the district level, necessitating higher resolution data for accurate estimates. Other socio-environmental factors included demonstrated significant regional heterogeneity in their association with GBC prevalence. Notably, each 1 % increase in the coverage of well- and canal-irrigated areas is associated with a maximum of 3.0 % and 5.2 % rise in the GBC incidence rate, respectively, likely attributable to carcinogen exposure from irrigation water. Moreover, distance to the health center and domestic electricity connections appear to influence the number of reported GBC cases. The latter suggests that access to electricity might have facilitated the use of groundwater pumps-increasing exposure to carcinogens. The results underscore the necessity for targeted health policies and interventions based on fine-resolution spatial analysis, as well as ongoing environmental monitoring and research to better understand the multifaceted risk factors contributing to GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Sakamoto
- Department of International Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778563, Japan.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar 801505, India
| | | | | | - Ashok Ghosh
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar 801505, India
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23
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Balkrishna A, Katiyar P, Ghosh S, Singh SK, Arya V. Impact assessment of integrated-pathy on cancer-related fatigue in cancer patients: an observational study. J Health Popul Nutr 2024; 43:48. [PMID: 38576058 PMCID: PMC10993513 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrated-pathy aims to integrate modern medicine with traditional systems via applying the holistic approach of Ayurveda, Yoga, and natural medicine. This is important for addressing the challenges surrounding the delivery of long-term palliative care for chronic ailments including cancer. The prime intent of this study was to substantiate the underlying hypothesis behind the differential and integrative approach having a positive impact on Quality of Life of cancer patients. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional Observational study. METHODS A standardized questionnaire was developed and used, after obtaining written informed consent from patients to assess the impact of Integrated-pathy on patients (n = 103) diagnosed with cancer receiving care at Patanjali Yoggram. The research was carried out over 8 months. All participants received a uniform treatment protocol as prescribed by Patanjali. For the sample size determination and validation, α and 1-β was calculated and for the significance of the pre- and post-treatment QoL ratings, Shapiro wilk test and other descriptive statistics techniques were explored. RESULTS A total of 103 patients seeking cancer special-healthcare were interviewed, out of which 39 (37.86%) remained finally based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria with age (25-65 years), types of cancers (Carcinoma and Sarcoma), chemotherapy/radiotherapy received or not, before opting Integrated-pathy. Follow-ups revealed a significant increase in the QoL (17.91%) after receiving the integrated therapy over a course of at least 1 month. Further, a significant reduction in cancer-related pain followed by an increase in QoL index was reported in the patients. Shapiro-wilk test revealed significant pairing (p < 0.001) with validation of the model using test. CONCLUSIONS To bolster evidence-based backing for Integrated-pathy, there is a need for clearly delineated clinical indicators that are measurable and trackable over time. Clinical investigators are encouraged to incorporate Integrated-pathy into their proposed interventions and conduct analogous studies to yield sustained advantages in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Herbal Research Division, Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India
- Department of Applied and Allied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Prashant Katiyar
- Herbal Research Division, Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India.
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Herbal Research Division, Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Singh
- Herbal Research Division, Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India
| | - Vedpriya Arya
- Herbal Research Division, Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India
- Department of Applied and Allied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
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24
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Arora G, Bairagi N, Chatterjee S. A mathematical model to study low-dose metronomic scheduling for chemotherapy. Math Biosci 2024; 372:109186. [PMID: 38580078 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2024.109186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Metronomic chemotherapy refers to the frequent administration of chemotherapeutic agents at a lower dose and presents an attractive alternative to conventional chemotherapy with encouraging response rates. However, the schedule of the therapy, including the dosage of the drug, is usually based on empiricism. The confounding effects of tumor-endothelial-immune interactions during metronomic administration of drugs have not yet been explored in detail, resulting in an incomplete assessment of drug dose and frequency evaluations. The present study aimed to gain a mechanistic understanding of different actions of metronomic chemotherapy using a mathematical model. We have established an analytical condition for determining the dosage and frequency of the drug depending on its clearance rate for complete tumor elimination. The model also brings forward the immune-mediated clearance of the tumor during the metronomic administration of the chemotherapeutic agent. The results from the global sensitivity analysis showed an increase in the sensitivity of drug and immune-mediated killing factors toward the tumor population during metronomic scheduling. Our results emphasize metronomic scheduling over the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and define a model-based approach for approximating the optimal schedule of drug administration to eliminate tumors while minimizing harm to the immune cells and the patient's body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garhima Arora
- Complex Analysis Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Nandadulal Bairagi
- Department of Mathematics, Centre for Mathematical Biology and Ecology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Samrat Chatterjee
- Complex Analysis Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, 121001, India.
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Bozzini C, Busti F, Marchi G, Vianello A, Cerchione C, Martinelli G, Girelli D. Anemia in patients receiving anticancer treatments: focus on novel therapeutic approaches. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1380358. [PMID: 38628673 PMCID: PMC11018927 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1380358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Anemia is common in cancer patients and impacts on quality of life and prognosis. It is typically multifactorial, often involving different pathophysiological mechanisms, making treatment a difficult task. In patients undergoing active anticancer treatments like chemotherapy, decreased red blood cell (RBC) production due to myelosuppression generally predominates, but absolute or functional iron deficiency frequently coexists. Current treatments for chemotherapy-related anemia include blood transfusions, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, and iron supplementation. Each option has limitations, and there is an urgent need for novel approaches. After decades of relative immobilism, several promising anti-anemic drugs are now entering the clinical scenario. Emerging novel classes of anti-anemic drugs recently introduced or in development for other types of anemia include activin receptor ligand traps, hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, and hepcidin antagonists. Here, we discuss their possible role in the treatment of anemia observed in patients receiving anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bozzini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- EuroBloodNet Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabiana Busti
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- EuroBloodNet Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giacomo Marchi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- EuroBloodNet Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Vianello
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- EuroBloodNet Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Cerchione
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Domenico Girelli
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- EuroBloodNet Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
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26
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Walia P, Rohilla L, Dayal D. Practice of complementary and alternative medicine use in North Indian children with type 1 diabetes: an exploratory study. Diabetol Int 2024; 15:170-176. [PMID: 38524929 PMCID: PMC10959897 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-023-00663-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Intermittent or concurrent use of Complementary and Alternative medicines (CAM) with insulin may have adverse effects in children with Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM). This study explores the practices of CAM use in children with T1DM. Methods An exploratory study was conducted among parents of children with T1DM attending a tertiary-level diabetes clinic. Data were collected using a structured pre-tested questionnaire. Results Two-hundred parents were invited; 183 (91.5%) completed the study. The mean age of the children was lower among CAM users than others (7.9 ± 4.3 vs 9.3 ± 4.3 years, p 0.032). The two groups were similar in gender, family income, parental education, and age at diagnosis. Sixty-seven (36.6%) had used CAM. The parents' reasoning for CAM use was to cure diabetes (62.7%), to improve glycemic control (28.3%), or considering it harmless (17.9%). The most commonly used CAMs were Ayurveda (32.8%) and homeopathic preparations (31.3%). The time interval between diagnosis and CAM use ranged from 1 day to 4 years. The duration of CAM use varied widely; 50.7% used CAM for < 1 month. Only 10 CAM users had HbA1C estimated during CAM use; their mean HbA1C was 12.4 ± 3.6%. Twenty-seven CAM users (40.2%) reported poorer glycemic control; 26.8% had no effect, and the rest had undefined effects due to too short duration of use. Conclusion CAM, mostly herbal, is frequently used among children with T1DM in North India and has detrimental effects on glycemic control. This information should be used during diabetes education to avoid medical emergencies related to sub-optimal insulin dosing. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-023-00663-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Walia
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Latika Rohilla
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Pediatrics, 3108, Level III, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Devi Dayal
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Pediatrics, 3108, Level III, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
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Yadav R, Chauhan MB, Yadav C, Ranga S, Ahuja P, Tanwar M, Balhara N, Kadian L, Chauhan P, Tanwar N, Ahlawat C. Awareness data on cervical cancer among females of rural and urban areas of Haryana, India. Data Brief 2024; 53:110168. [PMID: 38384314 PMCID: PMC10879805 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was done to assess the degree of current awareness and behaviors about cervical cancer among females in urban and rural areas of North India. This survey was conducted on one thousand females (500 rural and 500 urban). A well-structured questionnaire was designed to collect information about participants' knowledge on cancer of cervix uteri such as age, height and weight measurements, marital status, menstrual status, personal hygiene, age at menarche, sexual history, pregnancy and abortion history, use of contraceptive pills for birth-control, smoking, alcohol consumption, and other relevant information. The data was collected by conducting face-to-face interviews after obtaining the verbal consent of the participants. The data has the potential to reduce disease burden by spreading awareness about symptoms and risk factors of cervical cancer as well as implementation of effective early screening strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Meenakshi B. Chauhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Chetna Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Shalu Ranga
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Parul Ahuja
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Mukesh Tanwar
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Nikita Balhara
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Lokesh Kadian
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202 United States
| | - Preeti Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Chandigarh 140307 India
| | - Neha Tanwar
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
| | - Chavi Ahlawat
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India
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Chaudhary RK, Mateti UV, Patil P, Shetty VV. Repurposing EORTC QLQ-H&N43 and NCCN Distress Thermometer and Problem List: Adaptation and Validation in Kannada. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:1595-1606. [PMID: 38566653 PMCID: PMC10982236 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
To translate, validate and test the reliability of Kannada version of "EORTC QLQ-H&N43" and "NCCN Distress Thermometer and Problem list" version 2.2022. The English version of "EORTC QLQ H&N43" and "NCCN Distress thermometer and Problem List" version 2.2022 tools were translated into Kannada language according to standard guideline. The translated version was validated by EORTC and by using content validity index (CVI). Further, the reliability of validated tools was established via test-retest and internal consistency method whereas construct was determined via spearman rank correlation. The Cronbach alpha value > 0.7 and correlation coefficients (ρ) < 0.05 was considered as significant. The Kannada version of "EORTC QLQ-H&N43" was validated by EORTC as well as by experts whereas NCCN distress tool was validated only by experts with average CVI score of 1 and 0.97 respectively. Out of total 80 patients, 50% were head and neck cancer (HNC) patients and 50% belonged to other cancer types. Kannada version of EORTC QLQ-H&N43 and NCCN distress tool was found to be reliable among HNC and general cancer patients respectively with the Cronbach alpha value between 0.819-1 and 0.71-1 for all the domains. Further, only 7.72% of EORTC QLQ-H&N43 and 13.33% of NCCN distress tool construct were significantly correlated with construct of EORTC QLQ-C30 (p < 0.05). The Kannada version of QoL and distress instrument was found to be valid and reliable to use among HNC and/ general cancer patients respectively. Thus, this method of translation, validation and reliability testing can be used as a novel practice in healthcare. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-04366-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018 Karnataka India
| | - Uday Venkat Mateti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018 Karnataka India
| | - Prakash Patil
- Central Research Laboratory, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy (KSHEMA), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018 Karnataka India
| | - Vijith Vittal Shetty
- Department of Medical Oncology, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy (KSHEMA), Justice K.S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018 Karnataka India
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Tobaiqy M, Helmi N, MacLure K, Saade S. The prevalence of hepatic and thyroid toxicity associated with imatinib treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia: a systematic review. Int J Clin Pharm 2024; 46:368-381. [PMID: 38147280 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-023-01671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imatinib, a potent inhibitor of targeted protein tyrosine kinases, treats chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Data on imatinib-associated changes in hepatic and thyroid functions are limited and conflicting. AIM To report the prevalence of hepatic and thyroid toxicity associated with the use of imatinib in CML patients. METHOD Articles for the systematic review were selected from electronic databases (PubMed, CINALH, Web of Science). Readily accessible peer-reviewed full articles in English published 1st January 2000 to 18th July 2023 were included. The search terms included combinations of: imatinib, CML, liver toxicity, hepatic toxicity, thyroid toxicity. Screening of titles, abstracts, full text articles was conducted independently by two reviewers. Inclusions and exclusions were recorded following PRISMA guidelines. Detailed reasons for exclusion were recorded. Included articles were critically appraised. RESULTS Ten thousand one hundred and twenty-three CML patients were reported in the 82 included studies corresponding to 21 case reports, 2 case series, 39 clinical trials and 20 observational studies were selected. Excluding case studies/reports, 1268 (12.6%; n = 1268/10046) hepatotoxicity adverse events were reported, of which 64.7% were rated as mild grade I & II adverse events, 363 (28.6%) as severe, grade III and IV adverse events; some led to treatment discontinuation, liver transplantation and fatal consequences. Twenty (35.1%) studies reported discontinuation of imatinib treatment due to the severity of hepatic toxicity. Fourteen (8.4%, n = 14/167) thyroid dysfunction adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION High frequency of mild and severe hepatotoxicity, associated with imatinib in CML patients, was reported in the published literature. Low numbers of mild and manageable thyroid toxicity events were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Tobaiqy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nawal Helmi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sylvia Saade
- Health and Sciences Department, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon
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Zhong J, Yang L. Histologic transformation of rectal adenocarcinoma to choriocarcinoma after surgery and chemotherapy: A rare case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 117:109478. [PMID: 38458023 PMCID: PMC10943425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Choriocarcinoma is a rapidly progressive, widely metastatic, β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG)-secreting malignant tumor originating from trophoblast cells. Most choriocarcinomas are pregnancy-related. Choriocarcinoma of nonpregnant origin is very rare. CASE PRESENTATION A 60-year-old woman underwent abdominopelvic resection (APR) for low rectal cancer in May 2020. Postoperative pathological findings showed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Because of a post-operative recurrence, then she underwent chemotherapy for rectal adenocarcinoma. In February 2021, imaging finding showed metastases in her liver, both lungs and pelvis. Surprisingly, the β-hCG level was significantly elevated. A transvaginal pelvic tumor biopsy was performed and the pathology report was presented after discussions: choriocarcinoma differentiated carcinoma was considered, with no adenocarcinoma component detected. Then the patient underwent chemotherapy regimens for choriocarcinoma, which were initially effective but quickly became resistant. The patient died 8 months after the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the rectum transformed into choriocarcinoma. CLINICAL DISCUSSION The dedifferentiation of adenocarcinoma to choriocarcinoma is rarely diagnosed and the disease is often overlooked, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment, documenting cases and their clinical outcomes is important for future research and to improve patient prognosis. Perhaps genomic assessment using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology could help in diagnosis and guide therapeutic strategies. CONCLUSION We report a very rare case of non-pregnant choriocarcinoma transformed from primary rectal adenocarcinoma. Awareness of secondary biopsies in special cases and genetic testing based on the dynamics of the disease should be raised in clinical practice to better develop precise treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Province Women and Children Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Mishra S, Grewal J, Wal P, Bhivshet GU, Tripathi AK, Walia V. Therapeutic potential of vasopressin in the treatment of neurological disorders. Peptides 2024; 174:171166. [PMID: 38309582 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Vasopressin (VP) is a nonapeptide made of nine amino acids synthesized by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. VP acts as a neurohormone, neuropeptide and neuromodulator and plays an important role in the regulation of water balance, osmolarity, blood pressure, body temperature, stress response, emotional challenges, etc. Traditionally VP is known to regulate the osmolarity and tonicity. VP and its receptors are widely expressed in the various region of the brain including cortex, hippocampus, basal forebrain, amygdala, etc. VP has been shown to modulate the behavior, stress response, circadian rhythm, cerebral blood flow, learning and memory, etc. The potential role of VP in the regulation of these neurological functions have suggested the therapeutic importance of VP and its analogues in the management of neurological disorders. Further, different VP analogues have been developed across the world with different pharmacotherapeutic potential. In the present work authors highlighted the therapeutic potential of VP and its analogues in the treatment and management of various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Mishra
- SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, India
| | - Jyoti Grewal
- Maharisi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Pharmacy, Kanpur, India
| | | | | | - Vaibhav Walia
- SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, India.
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Bommannan K, Arumugam JR, Radhakrishnan V, Sundersingh S. Relevance of CD20 antigen expression among paediatric patients with B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1367-1374. [PMID: 38444113 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Literature regarding prognostic relevance of CD20 antigen expression among paediatric B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) patients is sparse and contradictory. We analysed clinical laboratory parameters and survival characteristics pertinent to CD20 expression among 224 treatment-naïve paediatric B-ALL patients. 50% patients had CD20 expression (CD20+ B-ALL). There was no difference in the clinical & laboratory presentation and end of induction measurable residual disease (EOI-MRD) status according to CD20 expression. As compared to CD20- B-ALL patients, CD20+ B-ALL patients had two times more relapse (16% vs. 29%, p = 0.034), inferior relapse-free survival (79% vs. 66%, p = 0.025) but no difference in overall survival (75% vs. 69%, p = 0.126). Similar to high-risk NCI status and EOI-MRD positivity, CD20 expression was an independent predictor for inferior relapse-free survival (HR: 1.860, 95% CI: 1.008-3.432, p = 0.047). Compared to baseline, there was a significant increase in CD20-expressing EOI-residual blasts among CD20- B-ALL patients (5% vs. 13%, p = 0.001). EOI residual blasts of both CD20+ and CD20- patients had three times increased normalized CD20 expression intensity (nCD20), with the intensity among CD20- B-ALL patients reaching the pretreatment nCD20 of CD20+ B-ALL patients (4.9 vs. 3.6, p = 0.666). Rituximab can be considered in managing EOI-MRD-positive CD20- B-ALL patients as the residual blasts of these patients have quantitative and qualitative increases in CD20 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Bommannan
- Department of Oncopathology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A.), Chennai, India
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Virk A, Kalia M, Singh P, Kumar Sharma S, Goel S, Singh S, Sharma S. Tobacco use in currently married pregnant & lactating women in India; key findings from the National Family Health Survey-5. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2024; 23:100274. [PMID: 38404516 PMCID: PMC10884969 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Tobacco use among pregnant and lactating women carries dangerous repercussions for women and their children. Limited information is available at the national level on the prevalence and determinants of tobacco use in this vulnerable sub-population of women. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use among currently married pregnant and lactating women and its association with demographic, behavioural and regional determinants in India. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during which secondary data from the fifth National Family Health Survey, 2019-2020, was analysed. The prevalence and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) for different forms of tobacco use were documented among currently married pregnant and lactating women. Adjusted Odds Ratio and 95% CI were calculated using multivariate logistic regression to identify the independent factors associated with different forms of tobacco use among respondents after applying sampling weights. Findings In India, the prevalence of tobacco use among currently married pregnant and lactating women was 2.5% and 3.2%, respectively, with over 85% of tobacco-using currently married pregnant (85.6%) and lactating (85.6%) women using smokeless tobacco (SLT) only. Age group 30-34 years, working women and the richest wealth quintile were found to be independent predictors of smoked tobacco use among currently married pregnant women. In contrast, among the currently married lactating women, the middle wealth quintile and South Indian region were found to be independent predictors of smoked tobacco use. Interpretation Smokeless tobacco was found to be the most prevalent type of tobacco consumed by pregnant and lactating women in India. There is an urgent need to curb tobacco use in this vulnerable sub-population of women in the country by sensitising them to the harmful consequences of tobacco use by integrating tobacco awareness and cessation services during routine ante-natal examinations. Funding No funding was received for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Virk
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. BR Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Kalia
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Parmal Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Adesh Medical College & Hospital, Shahabad, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | | | - Sonu Goel
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Population Research Center, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. BR Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab, India
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Elgenidy A, Odat RM, Al-Ghorbany HA, Shahin HN, Abdel-Bary IS, AbdulHamid RA, Dhahab A, Salem M, Negm YA, El Attar NM, Abdelfattah AA, Khaliel MM, Moawad SM, Afifi AM. Arsenic's shadowy influence: A systematic review of its carcinogenic role in gallbladder cancer. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2024. [PMID: 38561626 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and cholangiocarcinoma are aggressive forms of cancer developed in the gallbladder and biliary tracts which are related to the liver. This systematic review aimed to highlight the significant association between gallbladder, biliary cancers, and arsenic exposure. METHODS An extensive search was conducted in Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. We included studies that assessed arsenic levels in gallbladder cancer patients, without restrictions on age, sex, or language. Biological samples, such blood, bile, gallbladder tissue, gallstones, and hair were obtained, and arsenic levels were measured. Also, arsenic water and soil concentrations were collected. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included in our review. These studies included 2234 non-gallbladder carcinoma patients and 22 585 gallbladder carcinoma cases. The participant demographics showed a gender distribution of 862 males and 1845 females, with an age range of 20-75 years. The average body mass index (BMI) was 19.8 kg/m2 for nongallbladder carcinoma patients and 20.1 kg/m2 for gallbladder carcinoma cases. The selected studies examined arsenic concentrations across various biological samples, including blood, hair, gallstones, and bile. Blood arsenic levels ranged from 0.0002 to 0.3893 μg/g and were significantly associated with increased gallbladder carcinoma risk in several studies. Hair also demonstrated a significant correlation, with arsenic concentrations ranging from 0.0002 to 6.9801 μg/g. CONCLUSION There is a strong link between arsenic exposure and gallbladder cancer or cholangiocarcinoma. Even chronic exposure to low-moderate amounts could lead to gallbladder carcinoma. These findings stress the need for more comprehensive and dedicated studies, to control arsenic water/soil levels and seek other preventive measures for this high mortality disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Elgenidy
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, Zwischenahn, Germany
| | - Ramez M Odat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | | | | | | | - Amal Dhahab
- Faculty of medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Salem
- Faculty of medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Youmna A Negm
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | | | - Mai M Khaliel
- Faculty of medicine, Alexandria university, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed M Afifi
- Department of Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Saad EA, Mukherjee T, Gandour G, Fatayerji N, Rammal A, Samuel P, Abdallah N, Ashok T. Cardiac myxomas: causes, presentations, diagnosis, and management. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:677-688. [PMID: 37737916 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03531-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac myxomas (CM) are one of the most common benign tumors which are typical in adults with a yearly incidence of 0.5-1 case per million individuals. This review article includes discussions based on existing literature on the role of interleukin interactions in the pathophysiology of cardiac myxoma which can lead to embolic complications, aneurysms, and CNS involvement. The objective of this narrative review was to study the variable clinical presentations of cardiac myxoma, its detection and diagnosis involving multiple modalities like genetic and hematological testing, echocardiography, CT, and MRI, of which transoesophageal echocardiogram shows excellent precision with a 90% to 96% accuracy in diagnosing CM. Individuals with the Carney complex are prone to such neoplasia. Cardiac myxomas are challenging to diagnose due to the ambiguity of their differential with thrombi. Myxomas can also be diagnosed by tumor markers like interleukin-6 and endothelial growth factors. The management of CM includes surgical excision like median sternotomy and robotic minimally invasive surgery. The use of robotic surgery in CM increased from 1.8% in 2012 to 15.1% in 2018. Tumor recurrences are uncommon but can occur due to inadequate surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio Assaad Saad
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Al Koura, Lebanon
| | - Tishya Mukherjee
- Faculty of Medicine, Nicolae Testemițanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chișinău, Moldova
| | - Georges Gandour
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Al Koura, Lebanon
| | - Nora Fatayerji
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aya Rammal
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Peter Samuel
- International Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Nicolas Abdallah
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Al Koura, Lebanon
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Greteman BB, Del Vecchio NJ, Garcia‐Auguste CJ, Kahl AR, Gryzlak BM, Chrischilles EA, Charlton ME, Nash SH. Identifying predictors of COVID-related delays in cancer-specific medical care. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7183. [PMID: 38629238 PMCID: PMC11022144 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer prevention and control is growing, but little is known about patient-level factors associated with delayed care. We analyzed data from a survey focused on Iowan cancer patients' COVID-19 experiences in the early part of the pandemic. METHODS Participants were recruited from the University of Iowa Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center's Patients Enhancing Research Collaborations at Holden (PERCH) program. We surveyed respondents on demographic characteristics, COVID-19 experiences and reactions, and delays in any cancer-related health care appointment, or cancer-related treatment appointments. Two-sided significance tests assessed differences in COVID-19 experiences and reactions between those who experienced delays and those who did not. RESULTS There were 780 respondents (26% response), with breast, prostate, kidney, skin, and colorectal cancers representing the majority of respondents. Delays in cancer care were reported by 29% of respondents. In multivariable-adjusted models, rural residents (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.03, 2.11) and those experiencing feelings of isolation (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.37, 3.47) were more likely to report any delay, where experiencing financial difficulties predicted delays in treatment appointments (OR 5.72; 95% CI 1.96, 16.67). Health insurance coverage and concern about the pandemic were not statistically significantly associated with delays. CONCLUSION These findings may inform cancer care delivery during periods of instability when treatment may be disrupted by informing clinicians about concerns that patients have during the treatment process. Future research should assess whether delays in cancer care impact long-term cancer outcomes and whether delays exacerbate existing disparities in cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna B. Greteman
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Iowa College of Public HealthIowa CityIowaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Brian M. Gryzlak
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Iowa College of Public HealthIowa CityIowaUSA
| | | | - Mary E. Charlton
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Iowa College of Public HealthIowa CityIowaUSA
- Iowa Cancer RegistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Sarah H. Nash
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Iowa College of Public HealthIowa CityIowaUSA
- Iowa Cancer RegistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
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Bhat AA, Moglad E, Bansal P, Kaur H, Deorari M, Thapa R, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Kukreti N, Ali H. Pollutants to pathogens: The role of heavy metals in modulating TGF-β signaling and lung cancer risk. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155260. [PMID: 38493726 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the lungs due to the uncontrolled growth of aberrant cells. Heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead, are metallic elements characterized by their high atomic weights and densities. Anthropogenic activities, such as industrial operations and pollution, have the potential to discharge heavy metals into the environment, hence presenting hazards to ecosystems and human well-being. The TGF-β signalling pathways have a crucial function in controlling several cellular processes, with the ability to both prevent and promote tumor growth. TGF-β regulates cellular responses by interacting in both canonical and non-canonical signalling pathways. Research employing both in vitro and in vivo models has shown that heavy metals may trigger TGF-β signalling via complex molecular pathways. Experiments conducted in a controlled laboratory environment show that heavy metals like cadmium and arsenic may directly bind to TGF-β receptors, leading to alterations in their structure that enable the receptor to be phosphorylated. Activation of this route sets in motion subsequent signalling cascades, most notably the canonical Smad pathway. The development of lung cancer has been linked to heavy metals, which are ubiquitous environmental pollutants. To grasp the underlying processes, it is necessary to comprehend their molecular effect on TGF-β pathways. With a particular emphasis on its consequences for lung cancer, this abstract delves into the complex connection between exposure to heavy metals and the stimulation of TGF-β signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh 247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831001, India
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
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Soares A, Bourlon MT, Wong A, Joshi A, Jardim D, Korbenfeld E, Karak FE, Orlandi F, Sze H, Ansari J, Zarba J, Mansour MA, Manneh R, Thirumulai R, Tsai YC, Morsi WA, Powles T. Management of Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma in Emerging Markets (EM): An Expert Opinion. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:467-475. [PMID: 38228413 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the 10th most common cancer globally with an almost 4 times higher prevalence in men. The main risk factors for development of urothelial carcinoma are advanced age, smoking, arsenic contamination, exposure to carcinogens. Metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) has overall poor prognosis with a 5-year overall survival rate of only < 5%. The standard of care comprises of platinum-based chemotherapy, but the responses are often not sustained. A working group was established with an objective to discuss the most recent clinical data on the genitourinary tumors of interest and comprised of experts across Latin America, Emerging Asia (except China, Japan, and South Korea), Africa, and the Middle East (known as Emerging Markets or EM). There is an evident disparity in terms of uneven mortality and incidence rate distribution among various regions. There is a lack and/or insufficient data on epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes in the EM. The lack of registries impacts the healthcare decisions and the lower incidence from the region might not be reflective of the true disease burden. The treatment outcomes of mUC can be improved by understanding the current disease burden and treatment approach of mUC and identifying the gaps and challenges associated with management. Hence, a literature review was developed to summarize the current disease burden and treatment approach of mUC across EM. The review also highlights the unmet needs for mUC management in EM and suggests a way forward to improve the current situation in order to better serve the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Soares
- Oncology and Hematology Center of Hospital Albert Einstein, Hospital Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maria T Bourlon
- Hemato-Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alvin Wong
- Sr Consultant, Department of Haematology Oncology National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | - Amit Joshi
- Professor, Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - Denis Jardim
- Oncology Department, Oncoclínicas Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Korbenfeld
- Head of GU Tumors Unit, GU Tumors Unit, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fadi El Karak
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Service, University Medical Center Hôtel-Dieu De France Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Henry Sze
- Specialist in Clinical Oncology, Heal Oncology Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jawaher Ansari
- Chief of Medical Oncology, Medical Oncology, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jose Zarba
- Medical Oncologist, Centro Médico San Roque, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mubarak Al Mansour
- Adult Medical Oncology, Princess Noorah Oncology Center, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ray Manneh
- edical Oncology, Sociedad de Oncología y Hematología del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia
| | - Raja Thirumulai
- Senior Consultant, Medical Oncology, Apollo Specialty Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Yu-Chieh Tsai
- Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Waleed Al Morsi
- GU & BSM Sr. Director Scientific Expert, Oncology Medical Affairs, Emerging Markets, Pfizer Ltd., Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thomas Powles
- Director of Barts Cancer Center, Professor of Urology Cancer, Barts Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Wrzeszcz K, Kwiatkowska K, Rhone P, Formanowicz D, Kruszewski S, Ruszkowska-Ciastek B. Traditional Clinicopathological Biomarkers Still Determine Disease-Free and Overall Survival in Invasive Breast Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2021. [PMID: 38610786 PMCID: PMC11012512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Molecular classification, tumor diameter, Ki67 expression, and brachytherapy administration still act as the most potent potential predictors of breast cancer recurrence and overall survival. Methods: Over the period of 23 months, we included in the study 92 invasive breast cancer (IBrC) patients initially diagnosed at the Clinical Ward of Breast Cancer and Reconstructive Surgery, Oncology Center in Bydgoszcz, Poland. The probability of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in relation to potential prognostic factors for the patients were determined using a Kaplan-Meier analysis, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses evaluated the predictive factors of IBrC patients. The investigation of the potential prognostic model's accuracy was analyzed using the ROC curve. Results: Patients with tumor size < 2 cm, Ki67 expression < 20%, luminal-A molecular subtype, and extra-dose brachytherapy boost administration displayed the most favorable prognosis according to breast cancer disease-free survival and overall survival. The estimated 5 year probability of DFS and OS rates in women with tumor diameter < 2 cm were 89% and 90%, respectively. In tumor diameter > 2 cm, the estimated 5 year probability of DFS was 73% and OS was 76%. Interestingly, the tumor diameter of 1.6 cm with a specificity of 60.5% and a sensitivity of 75% occurred as the best threshold point to differentiate patients with cancer recurrence from those without cancer progression. Conclusions: Our study provides essential information on the clinicopathological profile and future outcomes of early stage IBrC patients. Furthermore, the tumor diameter cut-off value of 1.6 cm discriminating between disease recurrence and those without disease progression patients represents an innovative direction for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wrzeszcz
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kwiatkowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Piotr Rhone
- Clinical Ward of Breast Cancer and Reconstructive Surgery, Oncology Centre Prof. F. Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Dorota Formanowicz
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Stefan Kruszewski
- Biophysics Department, Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Barbara Ruszkowska-Ciastek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Al Meslamani AZ. Adverse drug event reporting among women: uncovering disparities in underserved communities. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024:1-3. [PMID: 38551021 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2337745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Z Al Meslamani
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research quality of Care Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Bai H, Zhou Y, Liu W, Xu WY, Cheng L, Huo Y, Ji H, Xiong L. Genetic mutation profiling reveals biomarkers for targeted therapy efficacy and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27633. [PMID: 38496877 PMCID: PMC10944256 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The genetic heterogeneity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations may affect clinical responses and outcomes to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). This study aims to investigate the genomic factors that influence the efficacy and clinical outcomes of first-line, second-line and third-line treatments in NSCLC and explore the heterogeneity of resistance mechanisms. Materials and methods This real-world study comprised 65 patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC. Molecular alterations were detected using a customized DNA panel before and after administering targeted therapy. The efficacy and prognosis of each treatment line were evaluated. Results In first-generation EGFR-TKIs treatment, gefitinib showed favorable efficacy compared to icotinib and erlotinib, particularly in patients with EGFR L858R mutations. The resistance mechanisms to first-generation EGFR-TKIs varied among different EGFR mutation cohorts and different first-generation EGFR-TKIs. In second-line EGFR-TKIs treatment, EPH receptor A3 (EPHA3), IKAROS family zinc finger 1 (IKZF1), p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 5 (PAK5), DNA polymerase epsilon, catalytic subunit (POLE), RAD21 cohesin complex component (RAD21) and RNA binding motif protein 10 (RBM10) mutations were markedly associated with poorer progression-free survival (PFS). Notably, EPHA3, IKZF1 and RBM10 were identified as independent predictors of PFS. The mechanisms of osimertinib resistance exhibited heterogeneity, with a higher proportion of non-EGFR-dependent resistant mutations. In third-line treatments, the combination of osimertinib and anlotinib demonstrated superior efficacy compared to other regimens. Glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A (GRIN2A) mutation was an independent risk indicator of shorter OS following third-line treatments. Conclusions Comprehending the tumor evolution in NSCLC is advantageous for assessing the efficacy and prognosis at each stage of treatment, providing valuable insights to guide personalized treatment decisions for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Bai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Wanting Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | | | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | | | - Hao Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Healthcare Associated Infection Management, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Liwen Xiong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
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Selhi PK, Aggarwal R, Grover S, Klar S, Tyagi R, Selhi AK, Prakash S. Is mediastinal fine needle aspiration cytology required or redundant? A single institution-based correlation study with core needle biopsy. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 71:152300. [PMID: 38574567 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fine Needle Aspiration cytology (FNAC) and core needle biopsy (CNB) are rapid, minimally invasive and useful techniques to evaluate mediastinal lesions. OBJECTIVES To compare cytopathology with histopathology of mediastinal lesions and analyse reasons for discordance. MATERIAL & METHODS Retrospective analysis was done in a tertiary care centre in North West India over a period of seven and half years from 1stJuly 2016 to 31st December 2023. Only those patients who had undergone FNAC and trucut biopsy of mediastinal masses were included. The cytopathology and histopathology slides were studied to analyse causes of discordance. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of FNAC were calculated keeping histopathology as gold standard. RESULTS Out of 57 cases analysed, eight cases were non diagnostic on cytology. Cytology could effectively classify a lesion as non neoplastic (7) or neoplastic (42). For further subtyping, histopathology and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were required. Out of 27 cases of cytological - histopathological discordance, 8 cases had sampling error, 15 cases had limited concordance where FNAC could predict possibility of tumor and 4 cases were discordant where subtyping of malignancy varied on CNB. Sensitivity of FNAC to predict definite diagnosis was 90.2 %, specificity was 50 %, positive predictive value of FNAC to give a definite diagnosis was 93.9 %, negative predictive value was 37.5 %. CONCLUSION Evaluation of mediastinal masses requires combination of cytology, histopathology and ancillary techniques like IHC. FNAC and CNB are complementary modalities and both are essential for rapid, accurate and comprehensive diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavneet Kaur Selhi
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rashi Aggarwal
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sumit Grover
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Simmi Klar
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Ruchita Tyagi
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India.
| | | | - Siddharth Prakash
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India.
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Saha S, Mallick I, Mukherjee P, Chakraborty S, Bhattacharyya T, S MA, Achari RB, Chatterjee S. Are oral cancers effectively palliated with radiotherapy? Outcomes of treatment with a modified QUAD SHOT regimen. Head Neck 2024. [PMID: 38528774 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed a palliative radiotherapy regimen using daily radiation over 4 days for three courses in inoperable head and neck cancers, emphasizing oral primary cancers. METHODS Retrospective data of 116 patients treated with a daily dose of 3.6-3.7 Gy in four fractions over 4 days to a total of three courses, with a 2-week gap after every course, were analyzed for survival outcomes. A subgroup analysis was done for oral cancer. RESULTS Ninety-nine (85%) completed three courses. Overall subjective response rate was 77%. Median overall survival and progression-free survival were 12 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8-20) and 8 months (95% CI: 6-10), with numerically higher overall survival in oral cancer. The treatment was well tolerated, with no on-treatment hospitalization or grade 3-4 toxicities. CONCLUSION The modified QUAD SHOT regimen is practical for palliation in head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Saha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Indranil Mallick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Prattusha Mukherjee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Santam Chakraborty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapesh Bhattacharyya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Moses Arunsingh S
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rimpa Basu Achari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjoy Chatterjee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Hardy-Abeloos C, Gorovets D, Lewis A, Ji W, Lozano A, Tung CC, Yu F, Hanlon A, Lin H, Kha A, Yamada Y, Kabarriti R, Lazarev S, Hasan S, Chhabra AM, Simone CB, Choi JI. Prospective evaluation of patient-reported outcomes of invisible ink tattoos for the delivery of external beam radiation therapy: the PREFER trial. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1374258. [PMID: 38590650 PMCID: PMC10999588 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1374258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Invisible ink tattoos (IITs) avoid cosmetic permanence of visible ink tattoos (VITs) while serving as more reliable landmarks for radiation setup than tattooless setups. This trial evaluated patient-reported preference and feasibility of IIT implementation. Methods and materials In an IRB-approved, single institution, prospective trial, patients receiving proton therapy underwent IIT-based treatment setup. A survey tool assessed patient preference on tattoos using a Likert scale. Matched patients treated using our institutional standard tattooless setup were identified; treatment times and image guidance requirements were evaluated between tattooless and IIT-based alignment approaches. Distribution differences were estimated using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests or Chi-square tests. Results Of 94 eligible patients enrolled, median age was 58 years, and 58.5% were female. Most common treatment sites were breast (18.1%), lung (17.0%) and pelvic (14.9%). Patients preferred to receive IITs versus VITs (79.8% pre-treatment and 75.5% post-treatment, respectively). Patients were willing to travel farther from home to avoid VITs versus IITs (p<0.01). Females were willing to travel (45.5% vs. 23.1%; p=0.04) and pay additional money to avoid VITs (34.5% vs. 5.1%; p<0.01). Per-fraction average +treatment time and time from on table/in room to first beam were shorter with IIT-based vs. tattooless setup (12.3min vs. 14.1min; p=0.04 and 24.1min vs. 26.2min; p=0.02, respectively). Discussion In the largest prospective trial on IIT-based radiotherapy setup to date, we found that patients prefer IITs to VITs. Additionally, IIT-based alignment is an effective and efficient strategy in comparison with tattooless setup. Standard incorporation of IITs for patient setup should be strongly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Hardy-Abeloos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Daniel Gorovets
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aurora Lewis
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Wenyan Ji
- Center for Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Alicia Lozano
- Center for Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | | | - Francis Yu
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra Hanlon
- Center for Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Haibo Lin
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anh Kha
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yoshiya Yamada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rafi Kabarriti
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Stanislav Lazarev
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shaakir Hasan
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Arpit M. Chhabra
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, United States
| | - Charles B. Simone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - J. Isabelle Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, United States
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Asimakopoulos AD, Finazzi Agrò E, Piechaud T, Gakis G, Gaston R, Rosato E. Urodynamic Parameters and Continence Outcomes in Asymptomatic Patients with Ileal Orthotopic Neobladder: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1253. [PMID: 38610933 PMCID: PMC11010941 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The orthotopic neobladder is the type of urinary diversion (UD) that most closely resembles the original bladder. However, in the literature the urodynamic aspects are scarcely analysed. OBJECTIVE To provide the first systematic review (SR) on the urodynamic (UDS) outcomes of the ileal orthotopic neobladders (ONB). Continence outcomes are also presented. METHODS A PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL search for peer-reviewed studies on ONB published between January 2001-December 2022 was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Fifty-nine manuscripts were eligible for inclusion in this SR. A great heterogeneity of data was encountered. Concerning UDS parameters, the pooled mean was 406.2 mL (95% CI: 378.9-433.4 mL) for maximal (entero)cystometric capacity (MCC) and 21.4 cmH2O (95% CI: 17.5-25.4 cmH2O) for Pressure ONB at MCC. Postvoid-residual ranged between 4.9 and 101.6 mL. The 12-mo rates of day and night-time continence were 84.2% (95% CI: 78.7-89.1%) and 61.7% (95% CI: 51.9-71.1%), respectively.Despite data heterogeneity, the ileal ONB seems to guarantee UDS parameters that resemble those of the native bladder. Although acceptable rates of daytime continence are reported the issue of high rates of night-time incontinence remains unsolved. Adequately designed prospective trials adopting standardised postoperative care, terminology and methods of outcome evaluation as well as of conduction of the UDS in the setting of ONB are necessary to obtain homogeneous follow-up data and to establish UDS guidelines for this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrico Finazzi Agrò
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Urology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (E.F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Thierry Piechaud
- Unit of Urology, Clinique Saint-Augustin, 33074 Bordeaux, France; (T.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Georgios Gakis
- University Clinic and Polyclinic of Urology, University Hospital of Halle (Saale), D-06120 Halle, Germany;
| | - Richard Gaston
- Unit of Urology, Clinique Saint-Augustin, 33074 Bordeaux, France; (T.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Eleonora Rosato
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Urology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (E.F.A.); (E.R.)
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Newman J, Leelatian N, Liang J. Characterization of pediatric non-hematopoietic tumor metastases to the central nervous system: A single institution review. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:268-275. [PMID: 38350468 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) metastases represent a small portion of pediatric CNS neoplasms and data surrounding this condition with high morbidity is scarce. Single institutional archival institutional pathology records between 1999 and 2022 were searched for patients over 21 years old and younger with CNS, dura, cranial nerve, CSF, or leptomeningeal metastases; 41 cases were identified. We documented primary tumor types and locations, metastasis locations, types of invasion (direct extension vs distant metastasis), times from imaging or pathologic diagnosis to CNS involvement, and outcomes. Distant metastasis was the most common mechanism of metastasis (n = 32, 78%). Interval times to CNS metastasis varied by both tumor type and primary tumor location. In this cohort, osteosarcoma portended the shortest survival following CNS metastasis. This study highlights the diverse mechanisms and locations of CNS involvement in pediatric CNS metastases and illuminates a need for varied monitoring strategies when considering primary tumor type and anatomic location.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Newman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nalin Leelatian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jiancong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Luo Q, Xu L, Lin C, Chao H, Zeng T, Zhu Z. The clinical study of urinary flow parameters after drag-and-bond anastomosis for ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04015-7. [PMID: 38502467 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM To assess the viability of this procedure in laparoscopic radical cystectomy with ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction, the objective of this study is to examine the relationship between urinary flow parameters of urethral drag-and-bond anastomosis in the reconstruction of the ileal orthotopic neobladder. METHODS 36 patients with bladder cancer underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy with ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction at Jiangxi provincial people's hospital between June 2016 and January 2021,16 patients underwent intermittent urethral anastomosis, while 20 patients underwent neobladder-urethral drag-and-bond anastomosis. The maximum bladder capacity, residual urine output, maximum urinary flow rate, and outlet morphology of the new bladder neck were all monitored throughout postoperative follow-up regularly. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the urethral drag-and-bond anastomosis group (group A) and the conventional anastomosis group (group B) at 3 months and 12 months after surgery, and the maximum bladder capacity (3 months, 488.35 ± 51.56 ml vs 481.06 ± 40.61 ml, t = -0.462, P = 0.647; 12 months, 496.35 ± 51.09 ml vs 476.56 ± 56.33 ml, t = -1.103, P = 0.278), residual urine output (3 months, 44.15 ± 24.12 ml vs 38.69 ± 21.82 ml, t = -0.704, P = 0.486;12 months, 49.65 ± 26.95 ml vs 36.75 ± 21.96 ml, t = -1.546, P = 0.131) and maximum urine flow rate (3 months, 12.36 ± 2.63 ml/s vs 13.60 ± 2.82 ml/s, t = 1.361, P = 0.182;12 months, 12.18 ± 3.14 ml/s vs 11.13 ± 3.01 ml/s, t = -1.004, P = 0.322) of the two groups were not significant (P > 0.05). The new bladder outlet morphology was not distorted in group A patients, the continuity was good, and there were fewer associated complications. CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference in postoperative urodynamic parameters between the urethral drag-and-bond anastomosis group and the conventional anastomosis group, and the postoperative new bladder outlet was in good shape, with clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixun Luo
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.92Aiguo Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lieyu Xu
- Department of Urology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.92Aiguo Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuanyun Lin
- Department of Urology, Fenyi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinyu, 336600, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haichao Chao
- Department of Urology, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Urology, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zunwei Zhu
- Department of Urology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.92Aiguo Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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48
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Ibrahim SS, Hassanein FEA, Zaky HW, Gamal H. Clinical and biochemical assessment of the effect of glutamine in management of radiation induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer: Randomized controlled clinical trial. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024:101827. [PMID: 38493953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral glutamine suspension on salivary levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), a cytokine involved in inflammation and Tumor progression, and the severity of radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) in head and neck cancer patients. This is the first study to investigate the impact of glutamine on TGF-β1 levels in head and neck cancer patients with radiation induced oral mucositis (RIOM). METHODS In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 50 HNC patients were enrolled and received either glutamine oral suspension or maltodextrin as a placebo from the baseline of RIOM to the end of radiotherapy. Salivary TGF-β1 levels were measured at baseline and after treatment. Also, RIOM was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Toxicity Scale, the Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale (OMAS), the Pain Visual Analog Scale (Pain-VAS), the incidence of opioid use, and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Glutamine significantly reduced salivary TGF-β1 levels and improved RIOM symptoms, such as pain, opioid use, and weight loss. The reduction of TGF-β1 levels was associated with the improvement of RIOM severity. CONCLUSION Glutamine may modulate the inflammatory response and enhance wound healing in RIOM by decreasing salivary TGF-β1 levels. These findings support the use of glutamine as a potential intervention for RIOM and nutritional support for improving radiation sensitivity. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered on clinicalTrials.gov with identifier no. NCT05856188.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan S Ibrahim
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Oral and Dental medicine, Nahda university, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Fatma E A Hassanein
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Faulty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, El-Tur, Egypt.
| | - Hany W Zaky
- Radiation Oncology, Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hadeel Gamal
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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49
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Scaria L, Devassy SM, Joubert L. Familial and Social Implications of Breast and Gynaecological cancer in Kerala, India. Curr Probl Cancer 2024:101080. [PMID: 38490881 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the paucity of reliable data to determine the components of family-based comprehensive care for cancer in India, we explored the familial implications of gynaecological and breast cancer diagnosis and treatment through a mixed-method study. METHODS The mixed method study included 130 women aged above 18 with a confirmed diagnosis of gynaecological or breast cancer recruited from three selected tertiary hospitals in Kerala, India. Information on quality of life (36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36)), psychological distress (distress thermometer), and the familial, interpersonal, social, and community impacts of cancer (semi-structured interview guide) were elicited. Linear regression was used to identify the factors associated with distress and the factors were explored further using thematic analysis. RESULTS Patients included in the study (n = 130; mean age 57.5 years) had moderate or mild (66.9%) to severe (25.4%) distress. Concerns about work (93%), difficulty in; home care and housing (82%), care for dependents (65%), unempathetic family (87.6%), isolation (70%), and body image (65%) were major reasons for their distress. Physiological, social, and family-related stressors among the respondents included challenges in physical functioning, intense physical symptoms like fatigue, loss of appetite and sleep, role restrictions, alterations in family responsibilities, functional dependency, inadequate family support, challenges in social and interpersonal interactions, and an unsupportive work environment. CONCLUSION Cancer is a health crisis that involves psychological, social, and economic distress, compelling professionals to design multifaceted individualized care packages rather than only concentrating on medical management to alleviate their distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorane Scaria
- Department of Social Work, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Rajagiri PO, Kalamassery, Cochin 683104
| | - Saju Madavanakadu Devassy
- Department of Social Work, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Rajagiri PO, Kalamassery, Cochin 683104; Honorary Fellow, Department of Social Work, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
| | - Lynette Joubert
- Department of Social Work, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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50
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Ahmad A, Kulachi MO, Farman M, Junjua MUD, Bilal Riaz M, Riaz S. Mathematical modeling and control of lung cancer with IL2 cytokine and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor effects for low immune individuals. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299560. [PMID: 38483931 PMCID: PMC10939278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mathematical formulations are crucial in understanding the dynamics of disease spread within a community. The aim of this work is to examine that the Lung Cancer detection and treatment by introducing IL2 and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor for low immune individuals. Mathematical model is developed with the created hypothesis to increase immune system by antibody cell's and Fractal-Fractional operator (FFO) is used to turn the model into a fractional order model. A newly developed system TCDIL2Z is examined both qualitatively and quantitatively in order to determine its stable position. The boundedness, positivity and uniqueness of the developed system are examined to ensure reliable bounded findings, which are essential properties of epidemic models. The global derivative is demonstrated to verify the positivity with linear growth and Lipschitz conditions are employed to identify the rate of effects in each sub-compartment. The system is investigated for global stability using Lyapunov first derivative functions to assess the overall impact of IL2 and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor for low immune individuals. Fractal fractional operator is used to derive reliable solution using Mittag-Leffler kernel. In fractal-fractional operators, fractal represents the dimensions of the spread of the disease and fractional represents the fractional ordered derivative operator. We use combine operators to see real behavior of spread as well as control of lung cancer with different dimensions and continuous monitoring. Simulations are conducted to observe the symptomatic and asymptomatic effects of Lung Cancer disease to verify the relationship of IL2, anti-PD-L1 inhibitor and immune system. Also identify the real situation of the control for lung cancer disease after detection and treatment by introducing IL2 cytokine and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor which helps to generate anti-cancer cells of the patients. Such type of investigation will be useful to investigate the spread of disease as well as helpful in developing control strategies from our justified outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeel Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics, Ghazi University, D G Khan, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Farman
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Near East University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Moin-ud-Din Junjua
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Riaz
- IT4Innovations, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Sidra Riaz
- Mathematical Research Center, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Near East University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
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