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Quarleri J, Delpino MV. The interplay of aging, adipose tissue, and COVID-19: a potent alliance with implications for health. GeroScience 2024; 46:2915-2932. [PMID: 38191833 PMCID: PMC11009220 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has emerged as a significant public health challenge. With the ongoing increase in life expectancy, the prevalence of obesity is steadily growing, particularly among older age demographics. The extension of life expectancy frequently results in additional years of vulnerability to chronic health issues associated with obesity in the elderly.The concept of SARS-CoV-2 directly infecting adipose tissue stems from the fact that both adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction cells express ACE2, the primary receptor facilitating SARS-CoV-2 entry. It is noteworthy that adipose tissue demonstrates ACE2 expression levels similar to those found in the lungs within the same individual. Additionally, ACE2 expression in the adipose tissue of obese individuals surpasses that in non-obese counterparts. Viral attachment to ACE2 has the potential to disturb the equilibrium of renin-angiotensin system homeostasis, leading to an exacerbated inflammatory response.Consequently, adipose tissue has been investigated as a potential site for active SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting its plausible role in virus persistence and contribution to both acute and long-term consequences associated with COVID-19.This review is dedicated to presenting current evidence concerning the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the adipose tissue of elderly individuals infected with the virus. Both obesity and aging are circumstances that contribute to severe health challenges, heightening the risk of disease and mortality. We will particularly focus on examining the mechanisms implicated in the long-term consequences, with the intention of providing insights into potential strategies for mitigating the aftermath of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Quarleri
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155, Piso 11, C1121ABG, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M Victoria Delpino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155, Piso 11, C1121ABG, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Nigam M, Devi K, Coutinho HDM, Mishra AP. Exploration of gut microbiome and inflammation: A review on key signalling pathways. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111140. [PMID: 38492625 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome, a crucial component of the human system, is a diverse collection of microbes that belong to the gut of human beings as well as other animals. These microbial communities continue to coexist harmoniously with their host organisms and perform various functions that affect the host's general health. Each person's gut microbiota has a unique makeup. The gut microbiota is well acknowledged to have a part in the local as well as systemic inflammation that underlies a number of inflammatory disorders (e.g., atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and inflammatory bowel disease).The gut microbiota's metabolic products, such as short-chain fatty acids (butyrate, propionate, and acetate) inhibit inflammation by preventing immune system cells like macrophages and neutrophils from producing pro-inflammatory factors, which are triggered by the structural elements of bacteria (like lipopolysaccharide). The review's primary goal is to provide comprehensive and compiled data regarding the contribution of gut microbiota to inflammation and the associated signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Nigam
- Department of Biochemistry, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Kanchan Devi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.
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Wang Y, Wang D, Hao H, Cui J, Huang L, Liang Q. The association between cadmium exposure and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:133828. [PMID: 38412643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was one of the top ten causes of death worldwide in 2019. The ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) provides a useful indicator for the diagnosis of COPD. Existing data have demonstrated that cadmium (Cd) exposure is associated with COPD. However, data concerning the incidence and progression of cadmium-induced COPD is inconsistent. To explore the relationship between cadmium exposure and the risk of COPD in humans, through January 12, 2023, we conducted a thorough search of the PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases for relevant material. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between cadmium and COPD. This meta-analysis indicated that exposure to cadmium (per 1 μg/L increase) was associated with reduced FEV1/FVC (% change = -47.54%, 95% CI: -54.99% to -40.09%). Subgroup analysis showed that the combined effect estimates were significantly higher in the COPD patient group (% change = -54.66%, 95% CI: -83.32% to -26.00%) than in the general population (% change = -52.11%, 95%CI: -60.53% to -43.70%). Therefore, we conclude that cadmium exposure is associated with reduced FEV1/FVC, which suggests a risk for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Wang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Donglei Wang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hongyu Hao
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jinjin Cui
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Qingqing Liang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Masheghati F, Asgharzadeh MR, Jafari A, Masoudi N, Maleki-Kakelar H. The role of gut microbiota and probiotics in preventing, treating, and boosting the immune system in colorectal cancer. Life Sci 2024; 344:122529. [PMID: 38490297 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in developing colorectal cancer (CRC). The gut microbiome usually acts as a protective barrier against harmful pathogens and infections in the intestine, while also regulating inflammation by affecting the human immune system. The gut microbiota and probiotics play a role not only in intestinal inflammation associated with tumor formation but also in regulating anti-cancer immune response. As a result, they associated with tumor progression and the effectiveness of anti-cancer therapies. Research indicates that gut microbiota and probiotics can be used as biomarkers to predict the impact of immunotherapy and enhance its efficacy in treating CRC by regulating it. This review examines the importance of gut microbiota and probiotics in the development and progression of CRC, as well as their synergistic impact on anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Masheghati
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Naser Masoudi
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hadi Maleki-Kakelar
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Kropp DR, Rainville JR, Glover ME, Tsyglakova M, Samanta R, Hage TR, Carlson AE, Clinton SM, Hodes GE. Chronic variable stress leads to sex specific gut microbiome alterations in mice. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 37:100755. [PMID: 38618010 PMCID: PMC11010943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress has been implicated in the incidence and severity of psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders. The immune system is capable of modulating the activity and composition of the gut following stress and vice versa. In this study we sought to examine the sequential relationship between immune signaling and microbiome composition occurring in male and female mice over time using a variable stress paradigm. Tissue was collected prior to, during, and after the stress paradigm from the same mice. Cytokines from plasma and brain were quantified using a multiplexed cytokine assay. Fecal samples were collected at the same timepoints and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was performed to determine the relative abundance of microbiota residing in the guts of stressed and control mice. We found sex differences in the response of the gut microbiota to stress following 28 days of chronic variable stress but not 6 days of sub-chronic variable stress. Immune activation was quantified in the nucleus accumbens immediately following Sub-chronic variable when alterations of gut composition had not yet occurred. In both sexes, 28 days of stress induced significant changes in the proportion of Erysipelotrichaceae and Lactobacillaceae, but in opposite directions for male and female mice. Alterations to the gut microbiome in both sexes were associated with changes in cytokines related to eosinophilic immune activity. Our use of an animal stress model reveals the immune mechanisms that may underly changes in gut microbiome composition during and after stress. This study reveals potential drug targets and microbiota of interest for the intervention of stress related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawson R. Kropp
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Rainville
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Matthew E. Glover
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mariya Tsyglakova
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Rupabali Samanta
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Tamer R. Hage
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Audrey E. Carlson
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sarah M. Clinton
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Georgia E. Hodes
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Parlar K, Ates MB, Egeli BH, Ugurlu S. The clinical role of anakinra in the armamentarium against familial Mediterranean fever. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:441-453. [PMID: 38133629 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2299230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is the most common autoinflammatory disease that has mainly been treated with colchicine since 1972. A significant portion of patients do not respond to colchicine and require further treatment, mainly IL-1β antagonists such as anakinra, canakinumab and rilonacept as IL-1β has a crucial role in pathogenesis of FMF. This review summarizes the current approach to treating FMF and discovers the pharmacological and clinical utility of IL-1 blocking agents based on accumulated evidence with a focus on anakinra. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on anakinra treatment in FMF. The data obtained from case reports, case series, retrospective studies and a Phase III trial are analyzed. Safety and efficacy profiles of anakinra are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Anakinra is the cheapest anti-IL-1 agent used in the treatment of colchicine-resistant FMF. It is shown to be effective and safe when used in adjunct to colchicine however its short half-life and potential to cause injection site reactions limit its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Parlar
- Cerrahpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Bugra Han Egeli
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Serdal Ugurlu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Stefanizzi P, Moscara L, Palmieri C, Martinelli A, Di Lorenzo A, Venerito V, Germinario CA, Tafuri S. Safety profile of recombinant adjuvanted anti-herpes zoster vaccine (RZV) in high-risk groups: Data from active surveillance program. Puglia (Italy), 2021-23. Vaccine 2024; 42:2966-2974. [PMID: 38582693 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2021 a recombinant adjuvanted anti-Herpes Zoster vaccine(Recombinant Zoster Vaccine, RZV) is offered in Italy to high-risk patients. Few real-life data about RZV safety are available in target populations. OBJECTIVES This study investigates Adverse Events Following Immunization(AEFIs), baseline disease flare-ups, and Herpes Zoster (HZ) episodes occurring after RZV administration in a heterogeneous population of fragile patients to design its safety profile. METHODS This is a retrospective population-based study. RZV-vaccinated patients at Bari Policlinico General Hospital vaccination clinic from October 1st, 2021, to March 31st, 2023, were enrolled. Subjects were screened for reason of RZV eligibility and baseline chronic pathologies. AEFIs occurred in the first 7-days post-vaccination period were collected, and baseline disease flare-ups and post-vaccination HZ episodes were assessed via a 3-month follow-up. RESULTS Five-hundred-thirty-eight patients were included and total of 1,031 doses were administered. Most patients were vaccinated due to ongoing immunosuppressive therapy(54.65 %); onco-hematological and cardiovascular conditions were the most common chronic baseline pathologies. Out of 1,031 follow-ups, 441 AEFI cases were reported(42.7/100). The most common symptoms were injection site pain/itching(35.60/100), asthenia/malaise(11.44/100), and fever (10.09/100). Four serious AEFIs occurred(0.38/100). Older age, male sex, and history of cardiovascular diseases(OR:0.71; 95CI:0.52-0.98; p-value <0.05) were found to decrease AEFIs risk, while endocrine-metabolic illnesses(OR:1.61; 95CI:1.15-2.26; p-value <0.05) increased it. Twelve patients(2.23 %) reported a flare-up/worsening of their baseline chronic condition within the first three months after vaccination(mean interval 31.75 days, range 0-68 days). Patients with rheumatological illnesses had a higher risk of relapse(OR:16.56; 95CI:3.58-76.56; p-value <0.001), while male sex behaved as a protective factor. Twelve patients who completed the vaccination cycle(2.43%) had at least one HZ episode by the long-term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates RZV safety in a significant number of high-risk patients. Hence, RZV should be actively offered as part of tailored vaccination programs to decrease the burden of HZ in fragile populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Stefanizzi
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Moscara
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Palmieri
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Martinelli
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Lorenzo
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Venerito
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Annatea Germinario
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Silvio Tafuri
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Christodoulidis G, Kouliou MN, Koumarelas KE. Understanding autoimmune pancreatitis: Clinical features, management challenges, and association with malignancies. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2091-2095. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i15.2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial we comment on the article by Jaber et al. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) represents a distinct form of pancreatitis, categorized into AIP-1 and AIP-2, characterized by obstructive jaundice, lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, and fibrosis. AIP-1, associated with elevated immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) levels, exhibits higher relapse rates, affecting older males, while AIP-2 is less common and linked to inflammatory bowel disease. AIP is considered a manifestation of IgG4-related systemic disease, sharing characteristic histological findings. Steroids are the primary treatment, with emerging biomarkers like interferon alpha and interleukin-33. AIP poses an increased risk of various malignancies, and the association with pancreatic cancer is debated. Surgery is reserved for severe cases, necessitating careful evaluation due to diagnostic challenges. AIP patients may have concurrent PanINs but display favorable long-term outcomes compared to pancreatic cancer patients. Thorough diagnostic assessment, including biopsy and steroid response, is crucial for informed surgical decisions in AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Christodoulidis
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | - Marina Nektaria Kouliou
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41110, Greece
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Men X, Shi X, Xu Q, Liu M, Yang H, Wang L, Men X, Xu H. Exploring the pathogenesis of chronic atrophic gastritis with atherosclerosis via microarray data analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37798. [PMID: 38640295 PMCID: PMC11029937 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Although several studies have reported a link between chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and atherosclerosis, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms common to both diseases from a bioinformatics perspective. Gene expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Data on atherosclerosis and CAG were downloaded from the GSE28829 and GSE60662 datasets, respectively. We identified the differentially expressed genes co-expressed in CAG and atherosclerosis before subsequent analyses. We constructed and identified the hub genes and performed functional annotation. Finally, the transcription factor (TF)-target genes regulatory network was constructed. In addition, we validated core genes and certain TFs. We identified 116 common differentially expressed genes after analyzing the 2 datasets (GSE60662 and GSE28829). Functional analysis highlighted the significant contribution of immune responses and the positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production and T cells. In addition, phagosomes, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and cell adhesion molecules strongly correlated with both diseases. Furthermore, 16 essential hub genes were selected with cytoHubba, including PTPRC, TYROBP, ITGB2, LCP2, ITGAM, FCGR3A, CSF1R, IRF8, C1QB, TLR2, IL10RA, ITGAX, CYBB, LAPTM5, CD53, CCL4, and LY86. Finally, we searched for key gene-related TFs, especially SPI1. Our findings reveal a shared pathogenesis between CAG and atherosclerosis. Such joint pathways and hub genes provide new insights for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Men
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuju Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongli Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiaoju Men
- Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Zhang Y, Jia Z, Wang J, Liang H. Research Hotspots and Frontiers of Alzheimer's Disease and Gut Microbiota: A Knowledge Mapping and Text Mining Analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04168-7. [PMID: 38632152 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota has been confirmed to be closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research on gut microbiota and AD has also increased significantly. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of published studies related to gut microbiota and AD. Based on the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-Expanded database, we utilize Excel 2019 and visualization analysis tools VOSviewer, Co-Occurrence13.2 (COOC13.2), Citespace, HistCite, and Bibliometrix (R-Tool of R-Studio) for analysis. A total of 1093 related kinds of literature were included, and the number of papers presented an overall increasing trend. The country/region with the most publications is China, the institution is Zhejiang University, the author is Walter J Lukiw from the USA, and the journal is the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. Hotspot research areas include the relationship between gut microbiota metabolism and AD, AD treatments related to the gut microbiota, and diseases related to AD and gut microbiota. The future research direction may be T cells, NLRP3 inflammasome, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Studies on AD and gut microbiota have grown rapidly in recent years. Our research results may provide valuable references for readers and help researchers better find new research directions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youao Zhang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, No.38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, 518109, Shenzhen, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyan Wang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, No.38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, 518109, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, No.38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, 518109, Shenzhen, China.
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Haneishi Y, Treppiccione L, Maurano F, Luongo D, Miyamoto J, Rossi M. High Fat Diet-Wheat Gliadin Interaction and its Implication for Obesity and Celiac Disease Onset: In Vivo Studies. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2300779. [PMID: 38632845 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal immune system plays a crucial role in obesity and insulin resistance. An altered intestinal immunity is associated with changes to the gut microbiota, barrier function, and tolerance to luminal antigens. Lipid metabolism and its unbalance can also contribute to acute and chronic inflammation in different conditions. In celiac disease (CD), the serum phospholipid profile in infants who developed CD is dramatically different when compared to that of infants at risk of CD not developing the disease. In a mouse model of gluten sensitivity, oral wheat gliadin challenge in connection with inhibition of the metabolism of arachidonic acid, an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, specifically induces the enteropathy. Recent evidence suggests that gluten may play a role also for development of life-style related diseases in populations on a high fat diet (HFD). However, the mechanisms behind these effects are not yet understood. Exploratory studies in mice feed HFD show that wheat gliadin consumption affects glucose and lipid metabolic homeostasis, alters the gut microbiota, and the immune cell profile in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Haneishi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | | | - Francesco Maurano
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, via Roma 64, Avellino, 83100, Italy
| | - Diomira Luongo
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, via Roma 64, Avellino, 83100, Italy
| | - Junki Miyamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mauro Rossi
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, via Roma 64, Avellino, 83100, Italy
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George H, Sun Y, Wu J, Yan Y, Wang R, Pesavento RP, Mathew MT. Intelligent salivary biosensors for periodontitis: in vitro simulation of oral oxidative stress conditions. Med Biol Eng Comput 2024:10.1007/s11517-024-03077-0. [PMID: 38609577 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-024-03077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
ASTRACT One of the most common oral diseases affecting millions of people worldwide is periodontitis. Usually, proteins in body fluids are used as biomarkers of diseases. This study focused on hydrogen peroxide, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and lactic acid as salivary non-protein biomarkers for oxidative stress conditions of periodontitis. Electrochemical analysis of artificial saliva was done using Gamry with increasing hydrogen peroxide, bLPS, and lactic acid concentrations. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were conducted. From EIS data, change in capacitance and CV plot area were calculated for each test condition. Hydrogen peroxide groups had a decrease in CV area and an increase in percentage change in capacitance, lipopolysaccharide groups had a decrease in CV area and a decrease in percentage change in capacitance, and lactic acid groups had an increase of CV area and an increase in percentage change in capacitance with increasing concentrations. These data showed a unique combination of electrochemical properties for the three biomarkers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) employed to observe the change in the electrode surface and elemental composition data present on the sensor surface also showed a unique trend of elemental weight percentages. Machine learning models using hydrogen peroxide, LPS, and lactic acid electrochemical data were applied for the prediction of risk levels of periodontitis. The detection of hydrogen peroxide, LPS, and lactic acid by electrochemical biosensors indicates the potential to use these molecules as electrochemical biomarkers and use the data for ML-driven prediction tool for the periodontitis risk levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haritha George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yani Sun
- Department of Material Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Junyi Wu
- Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Russell P Pesavento
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mathew T Mathew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Material Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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13
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Ma Y, Yang D, Huang J, Liu K, Liu H, Wu H, Bao C. Probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease: Is there sufficient evidence? Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220821. [PMID: 38585636 PMCID: PMC10998680 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to chronic inflammatory disorders of the gut. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are two subtypes of IBD. Evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota plays a role in the pathogenesis of IBD, so probiotics have garnered a lot of interest as a potential treatment or prevention for IBD. However, clinical evidence of the efficacy of probiotics is still debatable. We performed a literature review. An advanced search considered clinical studies on probiotic for IBD from inception to 2023 in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. In the treatment of UC with probiotics, only Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for maintenance treatment of UC in remission, and Bifidobacterium and VSL#3 for induction of remission in patients with mild to moderately active UC have shown strong evidence. Currently, there are no definitive conclusions regarding the effectiveness of probiotics in CD. The mechanism of probiotic treatment for IBD may be related to reducing oxidative stress, repairing the intestinal barrier, regulating intestinal flora balance, and modulating intestinal immune response. Differences in the benefits of probiotics between CD and UC may be attributable to the different lesion extent and immune-mediated pathophysiology. More robust randomized clinical trials are required to validate the efficacy and safety of diverse probiotic strains in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Ma
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Kunli Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200030, China
| | - Huangan Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200030, China
| | - Chunhui Bao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai200030, China
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14
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Wang Y, Unnarsdóttir AB, Magnúsdóttir I, Fang F, Thordardottir EB, Rúnarsdóttir H, Love TJ, Kristinsson SY, Pálsson R, Jakobsdóttir J, Zoega H, Ásbjörnsdóttir KH, Song H, Hauksdóttir A, Aspelund T, Valdimarsdóttir UA. Trends of perceived disruption in healthcare services during the pandemic: findings from the COVID-19 National Resilience Cohort in Iceland. Eur J Public Health 2024; 34:394-401. [PMID: 38129962 PMCID: PMC10990518 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused major disruptions in healthcare services worldwide. Yet, little is known about the association between perceived disruption in healthcare services and socio-demographic factors, pre-existing health conditions as well as concurrent physical and psychological symptoms. METHODS Leveraging data from the Icelandic COVID-19 National Resilience Cohort, we performed a repeated measure analysis among 15 754 participants who responded to the question on perceived disruption in healthcare services from December 2020 to July 2021, to explore its association with socio-demographic factors, health indicators and conditions. Furthermore, we performed a longitudinal analysis among 7848 participants with two repeated measures to explore the association between timing and duration of perceived disruption in healthcare services and changes in depression, anxiety, sleep quality and somatic symptoms. RESULTS The prevalence of perceived disruption in healthcare services slightly decreased over time (P < 0.01). Perceived disruption in healthcare services was more prevalent among individuals with pre-existing health conditions, i.e. history of psychiatric disorders (prevalence ratio = 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.48-1.72) and chronic somatic conditions [1.40 (1.30-1.52)]. However, no increase in the prevalence of perceived disruption in healthcare services was observed among individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 [0.99 (0.84-1.18)]. Moreover, we found that emerging perceived disruption in healthcare services was associated with an increase in symptoms of mental illness during the pandemic (βs 0.06-0.68). CONCLUSIONS A disruption in healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic was reported by vulnerable groups, while the Icelandic healthcare system managed to maintain accessible services to individuals with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Anna Bára Unnarsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Ingibjörg Magnúsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Fang Fang
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edda Bjork Thordardottir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Mental Health Services, Landspitali—The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Harpa Rúnarsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thorvardur Jon Love
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali—The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sigurður Yngvi Kristinsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Division of Hematology, Landspitali—The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Runólfur Pálsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali—The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jóhanna Jakobsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Helga Zoega
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kristjana Hrönn Ásbjörnsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Huan Song
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Arna Hauksdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Unnur Anna Valdimarsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Liu C, Qi X, Liu X, Sun Y, Mao K, Shen G, Ma Y, Li Q. Anti-inflammatory probiotics HF05 and HF06 synergistically alleviate ulcerative colitis and secondary liver injury. Food Funct 2024; 15:3765-3777. [PMID: 38506656 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04419j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Given the limited efficacy and adverse effects associated with conventional drugs, probiotics are emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating the chronic nature of ulcerative colitis (UC) and its consequential secondary liver injury (SLI). Limosilactobacillus fermentum HF06 and Lactiplatibacillus plantarum HF05 are strains we screened with excellent anti-inflammatory and probiotic properties in vitro. In this study, the intervention of HF06 and HF05 in combination (MIXL) was found to be more effective in alleviating intestinal inflammation and secondary liver injury in UC mice compared to supplementing with the two strains individually. Results demonstrated that MIXL effectively attenuated colon shortening and weight loss, downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA in the intestines, mitigated SLI, and augmented the enzymatic activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px in the liver. MIXL enhances the intestinal barrier in UC mice, regulates the structure and composition of the gut microbiota, promotes the abundance of Lactobacillus, and suppresses the abundance of bacteria associated with inflammation and liver injury, including Clostridium_Sensu_Stricto_1, Escherichia, Shigella, Enterococcus, Corynebacterium, Desulfovibrio, and norank_f__Oscillospiraceae. This study demonstrated the synergistic effect of HF06 and HF05, providing a reliable foundation for the alleviation of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaofen Qi
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Yue Sun
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Kaidong Mao
- Jiangsu HOWYOU Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qidong, China
| | - Guiqi Shen
- Jiangsu HOWYOU Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qidong, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Qingming Li
- New Hope Dairy Company Limited, China.
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for High-quality Dairy Product Preparation and Quality Control Technology, China
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16
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Sun JK, Lv C, Gao L, Mao W, Li W, Ke L. Nutrition therapy in critically ill patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:271-280. [PMID: 38357829 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of patients (10%-20%) with acute pancreatitis develop severe acute pancreatitis characterized by pancreatic necrosis, systemic inflammation, and organ failure, commonly requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. In this specific population, nutrition therapy is more challenging than that in the general ICU population, primarily because of inevitable gastrointestinal involvement by pancreatic inflammation. In this review, we discussed several key aspects of nutrition therapy in this population, including key pathophysiology that may impede nutrition therapy, the timing and implementation of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition, the importance of specific nutrient supplements, and the long-term outcomes that may be addressed by nutrition therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Kui Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue At, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue At, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenjian Mao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue At, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiqin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue At, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lu Ke
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue At, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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17
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Dosh L, Ghazi M, Haddad K, El Masri J, Hawi J, Leone A, Basset C, Geagea AG, Jurjus R, Jurjus A. Probiotics, gut microbiome, and cardiovascular diseases: An update. Transpl Immunol 2024; 83:102000. [PMID: 38262540 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.102000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the most challenging diseases and many factors have been demonstrated to affect their pathogenesis. One of the major factors that affect CVDs, especially atherosclerosis, is the gut microbiota (GM). Genetics play a key role in linking CVDs with GM, in addition to some environmental factors which can be either beneficial or harmful. The interplay between GM and CVDs is complex due to the numerous mechanisms through which microbial components and their metabolites can influence CVDs. Within this interplay, the immune system plays a major role, mainly based on the immunomodulatory effects of microbial dysbiosis and its resulting metabolites. The resulting modulation of chronic inflammatory processes was found to reduce the severity of CVDs and to maintain cardiovascular health. To better understand the specific roles of GM-related metabolites in this interplay, this review presents an updated perspective on gut metabolites related effects on the cardiovascular system, highlighting the possible benefits of probiotics in therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dosh
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Maya Ghazi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Karim Haddad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Jad El Masri
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Jihad Hawi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Al Kurah, Lebanon.
| | - Angelo Leone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Charbel Basset
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alice Gerges Geagea
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rosalyn Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdo Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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18
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Elghannam MT, Hassanien MH, Ameen YA, Turky EA, ELattar GM, ELRay AA, ELTalkawy MD. Helicobacter pylori and oral-gut microbiome: clinical implications. Infection 2024; 52:289-300. [PMID: 37917397 PMCID: PMC10954935 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
More than half of the world's population are colonized with H. pylori; however, the prevalence varies geographically with the highest incidence in Africa. H. pylori is probably a commensal organism that has been associated with the development of gastritis, ulcers, and gastric cancer. H. pylori alone is most probably not enough for the development of gastric carcinoma, but evidence for its association with the disease is high and has, therefore, been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a Class 1 carcinogen. Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria positively coexisted during H. pylori infection along the oral-gut axis. The eradication therapy required to treat H. pylori infection can also have detrimental consequences for the gut microbiota, leading to a decreased alpha diversity. Therefore, therapy regimens integrated with probiotics may abolish the negative effects of antibiotic therapy on the gut microbiota. These eradication therapies combined with probiotics have also higher rates of eradication, when compared to standard treatments, and are associated with reduced side effects, improving the patient's compliance. The eradication therapy not only affects gut microbiome but also affects the oral microbiome with robust predominance of harmful bacteria. However, there have been reports of a protective role of H. pylori in Barrett's esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma, eosinophilic esophagitis, IBD, asthma, and even multiple sclerosis. Therefore, eradication therapy should be carefully considered, and test to treat policy should be tailored to specific communities especially in highly endemic areas. Supplementation of probiotics, prebiotics, herbals, and microbial metabolites to reduce the negative effects of eradication therapy should be considered. After failure of many eradication attempts, the benefits of H. pylori eradication should be carefully balanced against the risk of adverse effects especially in the elderly, persons with frailty, and intolerance to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged T Elghannam
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Moataz H Hassanien
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yosry A Ameen
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Emad A Turky
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal M ELattar
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A ELRay
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed D ELTalkawy
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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19
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Zahra A, van Smeden M, Abbink EJ, van den Berg JM, Blom MT, van den Dries CJ, Gussekloo J, Wouters F, Joling KJ, Melis R, Mooijaart SP, Peters JB, Polinder-Bos HA, van Raaij BFM, Appelman B, la Roi-Teeuw HM, Moons KGM, Luijken K. External validation of six COVID-19 prognostic models for predicting mortality risk in older populations in a hospital, primary care, and nursing home setting. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 168:111270. [PMID: 38311188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically evaluate the performance of COVID-19 prognostic models and scores for mortality risk in older populations across three health-care settings: hospitals, primary care, and nursing homes. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This retrospective external validation study included 14,092 older individuals of ≥70 years of age with a clinical or polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis from March 2020 to December 2020. The six validation cohorts include three hospital-based (CliniCo, COVID-OLD, COVID-PREDICT), two primary care-based (Julius General Practitioners Network/Academisch network huisartsgeneeskunde/Network of Academic general Practitioners, PHARMO), and one nursing home cohort (YSIS) in the Netherlands. Based on a living systematic review of COVID-19 prediction models using Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool for quality and risk of bias assessment and considering predictor availability in validation cohorts, we selected six prognostic models predicting mortality risk in adults with COVID-19 infection (GAL-COVID-19 mortality, 4C Mortality Score, National Early Warning Score 2-extended model, Xie model, Wang clinical model, and CURB65 score). All six prognostic models were validated in the hospital cohorts and the GAL-COVID-19 mortality model was validated in all three healthcare settings. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality for hospitals and 28-day mortality for primary care and nursing home settings. Model performance was evaluated in each validation cohort separately in terms of discrimination, calibration, and decision curves. An intercept update was performed in models indicating miscalibration followed by predictive performance re-evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE In-hospital mortality for hospitals and 28-day mortality for primary care and nursing home setting. RESULTS All six prognostic models performed poorly and showed miscalibration in the older population cohorts. In the hospital settings, model performance ranged from calibration-in-the-large -1.45 to 7.46, calibration slopes 0.24-0.81, and C-statistic 0.55-0.71 with 4C Mortality Score performing as the most discriminative and well-calibrated model. Performance across health-care settings was similar for the GAL-COVID-19 model, with a calibration-in-the-large in the range of -2.35 to -0.15 indicating overestimation, calibration slopes of 0.24-0.81 indicating signs of overfitting, and C-statistic of 0.55-0.71. CONCLUSION Our results show that most prognostic models for predicting mortality risk performed poorly in the older population with COVID-19, in each health-care setting: hospital, primary care, and nursing home settings. Insights into factors influencing predictive model performance in the older population are needed for pandemic preparedness and reliable prognostication of health-related outcomes in this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Zahra
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maarten van Smeden
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Evertine J Abbink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesse M van den Berg
- Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke T Blom
- Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carline J van den Dries
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobijn Gussekloo
- Section Gerontology and Geriatrics, LUMC Center for Medicine for Older People & Department of Public Health and Primary Care & Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fenne Wouters
- Department of Medicine for Older People, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Aging & Later Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn J Joling
- Department of Medicine for Older People, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Aging & Later Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Melis
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon P Mooijaart
- LUMC Center for Medicine for Older People, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeannette B Peters
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harmke A Polinder-Bos
- Section of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas F M van Raaij
- LUMC Center for Medicine for Older People, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Brent Appelman
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hannah M la Roi-Teeuw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karel G M Moons
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Luijken
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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20
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Cheng S, Li B, Ding Y, Hou B, Hung W, He J, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Man C. The probiotic fermented milk of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY062 and Lactobacillus gasseri JM1 alleviates constipation via improving gastrointestinal motility and gut microbiota. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1857-1876. [PMID: 37923200 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Constipation is directly related to the intestinal microenvironment, in which the promotion of gastrointestinal (GI) motility and improvement of gut microbiota distribution are important for alleviating symptoms. Herein, after the intervention of probiotic fermented milk (FMMIX) containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY062 and Lactobacillus gasseri JM1 for 14 d in Kunming mice with loperamide-induced constipation, the results indicated that FMMIX significantly increased the secretion of serum motilin, gastrin and 5-hydroxytryptamine, as well as decreased the secretion of peptide YY, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and nitric oxide in mice. As determined by immunohistochemical analysis, FMMIX promoted an augmentation in the quantity of Cajal interstitial cells. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression of c-kit and stem cell factor (SCF) were upregulated to facilitate intestinal motility. High-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography techniques revealed that FMMIX led to an increase in the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, and Akkermansia), reduced the presence of harmful bacteria (Prevotella), and resulted in elevated levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) with a superior improvement compared with unfermented milk. Untargeted metabolomics revealed significant upregulation of functional metabolites such as l-pipecolinic acid, dl-phenylalanine, and naringenin in FMMIX, presumably playing a potential role in constipation relief. Overall, our results showed that FMMIX had the potential to alleviate constipation symptoms in mice by improving the secretion of serum GI regulatory peptides and neurotransmitters, increasing the expression of c-kit and SCF proteins, and modulating the gut microbiota structure and SCFA levels, and may be associated with an increase in these functional metabolites. This suggested that FMMIX could be a promising adjunctive strategy for managing constipation symptoms and could contribute to the development of functional foods aimed at improving gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Baolei Li
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Shanghai 201111, China
| | - Yixin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Baochao Hou
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Shanghai 201111, China
| | - Weilian Hung
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Shanghai 201111, China
| | - Jian He
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Shanghai 201111, China
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Chaoxin Man
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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21
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Qiu Y, Mo C, Chen L, Ye W, Chen G, Zhu T. Alterations in microbiota of patients with COVID-19: implications for therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e513. [PMID: 38495122 PMCID: PMC10943180 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recently caused a global pandemic, resulting in more than 702 million people being infected and over 6.9 million deaths. Patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may suffer from diarrhea, sleep disorders, depression, and even cognitive impairment, which is associated with long COVID during recovery. However, there remains no consensus on effective treatment methods. Studies have found that patients with COVID-19 have alterations in microbiota and their metabolites, particularly in the gut, which may be involved in the regulation of immune responses. Consumption of probiotics may alleviate the discomfort caused by inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the pathophysiological process underlying the alleviation of COVID-19-related symptoms and complications by targeting the microbiota remains unclear. In the current study, we summarize the latest research and evidence on the COVID-19 pandemic, together with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 and vaccine use, with a focus on the relationship between microbiota alterations and COVID-19-related symptoms and vaccine use. This work provides evidence that probiotic-based interventions may improve COVID-19 symptoms by regulating gut microbiota and systemic immunity. Probiotics may also be used as adjuvants to improve vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qiu
- Department of AnesthesiologyNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care MedicineNational‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chunheng Mo
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOEState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of AnesthesiologyNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care MedicineNational‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wanlin Ye
- Department of AnesthesiologyNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care MedicineNational‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of AnesthesiologyNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care MedicineNational‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of AnesthesiologyNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care MedicineNational‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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22
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Wang N, Chen L, Huang W, Gao Z, Jin M. Current Advances of Nanomaterial-Based Oral Drug Delivery for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:557. [PMID: 38607092 PMCID: PMC11013305 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor, and traditional treatments include surgical resection and radiotherapy. However, local recurrence, distal metastasis, and intestinal obstruction are significant problems. Oral nano-formulation is a promising treatment strategy for CRC. This study introduces physiological and environmental factors, the main challenges of CRC treatment, and the need for a novel oral colon-targeted drug delivery system (OCDDS). This study reviews the research progress of controlled-release, responsive, magnetic, targeted, and other oral nano-formulations in the direction of CRC treatment, in addition to the advantages of oral colon-targeted nano-formulations and concerns about the oral delivery of related therapeutic agents to inspire related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuoya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (N.W.); (L.C.); (W.H.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Liqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (N.W.); (L.C.); (W.H.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (N.W.); (L.C.); (W.H.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhonggao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (N.W.); (L.C.); (W.H.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mingji Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (N.W.); (L.C.); (W.H.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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23
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Wei S, Shen Z, Yin Y, Cong Z, Zeng Z, Zhu X. Advances of presepsin in sepsis-associated ARDS. Postgrad Med J 2024; 100:209-218. [PMID: 38147883 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the correlation between presepsin and sepsis and the resulting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is a severe complication of sepsis. Despite the successful application of protective mechanical ventilation, restrictive fluid therapy, and neuromuscular blockade, which have effectively reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with ARDS, the mortality rate among patients with sepsis-associated ARDS remains notably high. The challenge lies in the prediction of ARDS onset and the timely implementation of intervention strategies. Recent studies have demonstrated significant variations in presepsin (PSEP) levels between patients with sepsis and those without, particularly in the context of ARDS. Moreover, these studies have revealed substantially elevated PSEP levels in patients with sepsis-associated ARDS compared to those with nonsepsis-associated ARDS. Consequently, PSEP emerges as a valuable biomarker for identifying patients with an increased risk of sepsis-associated ARDS and to predict in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senhao Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Graduate School of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyuan Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Graduate School of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiyuan Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhukai Cong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhaojin Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Graduate School of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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24
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Song D, Zheng X. Serum monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and soluble mannose receptor aid predictive diagnosis of pediatric sepsis. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:964-972. [PMID: 38586091 PMCID: PMC10994783 DOI: 10.62347/fzmm3162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the value of serum monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and soluble mannose receptor (sMR) for predictive diagnosis of pediatric sepsis. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 82 children with acute and severe signs of inflammation. According to the diagnostic criteria of sepsis, these children were divided into a sepsis group (40 cases) and a non-sepsis group (42 cases). In addition, 50 children who received health examinations during the same time period in Cangzhou Central Hospital were selected as a control group. According to the prognosis of the children in the sepsis group, they were further divided into a survival group (33 cases) and a death group (7 cases). The levels of blood indicators, inflammatory markers, liver and kidney function indicators, MCP-1 level, and sMR were collected from the children. The efficacy of using sMR and MCP-1 levels in the predictive diagnosis of sepsis was analyzed by using the area under the ROC curve (AUC). RESULTS Serum levels of MCP-1 and sMR were (452.32±2.79) μg/ml and (97.23±.15) μg/ml, respectively, in the sepsis group, significantly higher than those in all controls (P<0.001). In the death group, the levels of white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), sMR, and MCP-1 were significantly higher compared to the survival group (P<0.05). The AUC for CRP in predictive diagnosis of sepsis was 0.9075; the AUC for PCT was 0.8759; the AUC for sMR was 0.9244; and the AUC for MCP-1 was 0.9406. CONCLUSIONS Serum sMR and MCP-1 levels can help predict the diagnosis of pediatric sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Song
- Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjing 300203, China
- Department of Emergency, Cangzhou Central HospitalCangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
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25
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Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Hu YH, El-Hajj ZW, Georgescu MF, Noren Hooten N, Li Z, Weiss J, Lyall DM, Waldstein SR, Hedges DW, Gale SD, Launer LJ, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. Helicobacter pylori, persistent infection burden and structural brain imaging markers. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae088. [PMID: 38529358 PMCID: PMC10961948 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Persistent infections, whether viral, bacterial or parasitic, including Helicobacter pylori infection, have been implicated in non-communicable diseases, including dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. In this cross-sectional study, data on 635 cognitively normal participants from the UK Biobank study (2006-21, age range: 40-70 years) were used to examine whether H. pylori seropositivity (e.g. presence of antibodies), serointensities of five H. pylori antigens and a measure of total persistent infection burden were associated with selected brain volumetric structural MRI (total, white, grey matter, frontal grey matter (left/right), white matter hyperintensity as percent intracranial volume and bi-lateral sub-cortical volumes) and diffusion-weighted MRI measures (global and tract-specific bi-lateral fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity), after an average 9-10 years of lag time. Persistent infection burden was calculated as a cumulative score of seropositivity for over 20 different pathogens. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses were conducted, whereby selected potential confounders (all measures) and intracranial volume (sub-cortical volumes) were adjusted, with stratification by Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk score tertile when exposures were H. pylori antigen serointensities. Type I error was adjusted to 0.007. We report little evidence of an association between H. pylori seropositivity and persistent infection burden with various volumetric outcomes (P > 0.007, from multivariable regression models), unlike previously reported in past research. However, H. pylori antigen serointensities, particularly immunoglobulin G against the vacuolating cytotoxin A, GroEL and outer membrane protein antigens, were associated with poorer tract-specific white matter integrity (P < 0.007), with outer membrane protein serointensity linked to worse outcomes in cognition-related tracts such as the external capsule, the anterior limb of the internal capsule and the cingulum, specifically at low Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk. Vacuolating cytotoxin A serointensity was associated with greater white matter hyperintensity volume among individuals with mid-level Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk, while among individuals with the highest Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk, the urease serointensity was consistently associated with reduced bi-lateral caudate volumes and the vacuolating cytotoxin A serointensity was linked to reduced right putamen volume (P < 0.007). Outer membrane protein and urease were associated with larger sub-cortical volumes (e.g. left putamen and right nucleus accumbens) at middle Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk levels (P < 0.007). Our results shed light on the relationship between H. pylori seropositivity, H. pylori antigen levels and persistent infection burden with brain volumetric structural measures. These data are important given the links between infectious agents and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, and can be used for the development of drugs and preventive interventions that would reduce the burden of those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hind A Beydoun
- Department of Research Programs, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060, USA
| | - Yi-Han Hu
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ziad W El-Hajj
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Michael F Georgescu
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Zhiguang Li
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jordan Weiss
- Stanford Center on Longevity, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Donald M Lyall
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Shari R Waldstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Catonsville, MD 21250, USA
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Dawson W Hedges
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Shawn D Gale
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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26
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Zeng L, Yang K, He Q, Zhu X, Long Z, Wu Y, Chen J, Li Y, Zeng J, Cui G, Xiang W, Hao W, Sun L. Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials. BMC Med 2024; 22:110. [PMID: 38475833 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggested that gut microbiota-based therapies may be effective in treating autoimmune diseases, but a systematic summary is lacking. METHODS Pubmed, EMbase, Sinomed, and other databases were searched for RCTs related to the treatment of autoimmune diseases with probiotics from inception to June 2022. RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis after 2 investigators independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. RESULTS A total of 80 RCTs and 14 types of autoimmune disease [celiac sprue, SLE, and lupus nephritis (LN), RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), spondyloarthritis, psoriasis, fibromyalgia syndrome, MS, systemic sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), oral lichen planus (OLP), Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis] were included. The results showed that gut microbiota-based therapies may improve the symptoms and/or inflammatory factor of celiac sprue, SLE and LN, JIA, psoriasis, PSS, MS, systemic sclerosis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. However, gut microbiota-based therapies may not improve the symptoms and/or inflammatory factor of spondyloarthritis and RA. Gut microbiota-based therapies may relieve the pain of fibromyalgia syndrome, but the effect on fibromyalgia impact questionnaire score is not significant. Gut microbiota-based therapies may improve HbA1c in T1DM, but its effect on total insulin requirement does not seem to be significant. These RCTs showed that probiotics did not increase the incidence of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota-based therapies may improve several autoimmune diseases (celiac sprue, SLE and LN, JIA, psoriasis, fibromyalgia syndrome, PSS, MS, T1DM, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Kailin Yang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qi He
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, China
| | | | - Zhiyong Long
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yuwei Li
- Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital Changde City, Changde, China
| | - Wensa Hao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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27
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Nawaz AD, Haider MZ, Akhtar S. COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease: Impact of lockdown and other restrictive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Biomol Biomed 2024; 24:219-229. [PMID: 38078809 PMCID: PMC10950341 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection initially results in respiratory distress symptoms but can also lead to central nervous system (CNS) and neurological manifestations, significantly impacting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, strict lockdown measures introduced to curtail the spread of COVID-19 have raised concerns over the wellbeing of patients with dementia and/or Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this review was to discuss the overlapping molecular pathologies and the potential bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and Alzheimer's dementia, as well as the impact of lockdown/restriction measures on the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of patients with Alzheimer's dementia. Furthermore, we aimed to assess the impact of lockdown measures on the NPS of caregivers, exploring its potential effects on the quality and extent of care they provide to dementia patients.We utilized the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to search for articles on COVID-19, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, lockdown, and caregivers. Our review highlights that patients with Alzheimer's disease face an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and complications. Additionally, these patients are likely to experience greater cognitive decline. It appears that these issues are primarily caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection and appear to be further exacerbated by restrictive/lockdown measures. Moreover, lockdown measures introduced during the pandemic have negatively impacted both the NPSs of caregivers and their perception of the wellbeing of their Alzheimer's patients. Thus, additional safeguard measures, along with pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, are needed to protect the wellbeing of dementia patients and their caregivers in light of this and possible future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saghir Akhtar
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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28
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Hong J, Fu T, Liu W, Du Y, Bu J, Wei G, Yu M, Lin Y, Min C, Lin D. An Update on the Role and Potential Molecules in Relation to Ruminococcus gnavus in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1235-1248. [PMID: 38496006 PMCID: PMC10942254 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s456173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ruminococcus gnavus (R. gnavus) is a gram-positive anaerobe commonly resides in the human gut microbiota. The advent of metagenomics has linked R. gnavus with various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, and diabetes mellitus (DM), which has become a growing area of investigation. The initial focus of research primarily centered on assessing the abundance of R. gnavus and its potential association with disease presentation, taking into account variations in sample size, sequencing and analysis methods. However, recent investigations have shifted towards elucidating the underlying mechanistic pathways through which R. gnavus may contribute to disease manifestation. In this comprehensive review, we aim to provide an updated synthesis of the current literature on R. gnavus in the context of IBD, obesity, and DM. We critically analyze relevant studies and summarize the potential molecular mediators implicated in the association between R. gnavus and these diseases. Across numerous studies, various molecules such as methylation-controlled J (MCJ), glucopolysaccharides, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), interleukin(IL)-10, IL-17, and capric acid have been proposed as potential contributors to the link between R. gnavus and IBD. Similarly, in the realm of obesity, molecules such as hydrogen peroxide, butyrate, and UDCA have been suggested as potential mediators, while glycine ursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) has been implicated in the connection between R. gnavus and DM. Furthermore, it is imperative to emphasize the necessity for additional studies to evaluate the potential efficacy of targeting pathways associated with R. gnavus as a viable strategy for managing these diseases. These findings have significantly expanded our understanding of the functional role of R. gnavus in the context of IBD, obesity, and DM. This review aims to offer updated insights into the role and potential mechanisms of R. gnavus, as well as potential strategies for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinni Hong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junmin Bu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guojian Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanshan Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cunyun Min
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Datao Lin
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
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Bianchini A, Zernini IS, Notini G, Zangheri E, Felicani C, Vitale G, Siniscalchi A. Visual lung ultrasound protocol (VLUP) in acute respiratory failure: description and application in clinical cases. J Clin Monit Comput 2024:10.1007/s10877-024-01144-3. [PMID: 38460104 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-024-01144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Lung ultrasound (LUS) is widely used as a diagnostic and monitoring tool in critically ill patients. Lung ultrasound score (LUSS) based on the examination of twelve thoracic regions has been extensively validated for pulmonary assessment. However, it has revealed significant limitations: when applied to heterogeneous lung diseases with intermediate LUSS pattern (LUSS 1 and 2), for instance, intra-observer consistency is relatively low. In addition, LUSS is time-consuming and a more rapid overview of the extent of lung pathology and residual lung aeration is often required, especially in emergency setting. We propose a Visual Lung Ultrasound Protocol (VLUP) as a rapid monitoring tool for patients with acute respiratory failure. It consists of a probe sliding along the mid-clavicular, mid-axillary and scapular lines in transversal scan. VLUP allows a visualization of a large portion of the antero-lateral and/or posterior pleural surface. Serial assessments of two clinical cases are recorded and visually compared, enabling rapid understanding of lung damage and its evolution over time. VLUP allows a semi-quantitative and qualitative point-of-care assessment of lung injury. Through this standardized approach it is possible to accurately compare subsequent scans and to monitor the evolution of regional parenchymal damage. VLUP enables a quick estimation of the quantitative-LUSS (qLUSS) as the percentage of pleura occupied by artifacts, more suitable than LUSS in inhomogeneous diseases. VLUP is designed as a standardized, point-of-care lung aeration assessment and monitoring tool. The purpose of the paper is to illustrate this new technique and to describe its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bianchini
- Postoperative and Abdominal Organ Transplant Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Irene Sbaraini Zernini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
| | - G Notini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - E Zangheri
- Anesthesia and Pain Therapy Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - C Felicani
- UOC Medicina ad Indirizzo Metabolico Nutrizionale. Policlinico di Modena, AOU Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, Modena, Italy
| | - G Vitale
- Internal Medicine Unit for the Treatment of Severe Organ Failure, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero- Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - A Siniscalchi
- Postoperative and Abdominal Organ Transplant Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
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Jin D, Jin S, Zhou T, Cui Z, Guo B, Li G, Zhang C. Quantitative evaluation of gut microbiota composition in pancreatic cancer: A pooled study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36907. [PMID: 38457538 PMCID: PMC10919531 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has demonstrated a positive association between the composition of gut microbiota and the incidence of pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, a thorough quantitative and systematic evaluation of the distinct properties of gut microbiota in individuals diagnosed with pancreatic cancer has yet to be conducted. The objective of this study is to examine alterations in the diversity of intestinal microbiota in individuals diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. METHODS Search for relevant literature published before July 2023 in 4 databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, without any language restrictions. RESULTS A total of 12 studies were included, including 535 patients with pancreatic cancer and 677 healthy controls. Analysis was conducted on 6 phyla, 16 genera, and 6 species. The study found significant and distinctive changes in the α-diversity of gut microbiota, as well as in the relative abundance of multiple gut bacterial groups at the phylum, genus, and species levels in pancreatic cancer patients. CONCLUSION Overall, there are certain characteristic changes in the gut microbiota of pancreatic cancer patients. However, further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanism of action and the potential for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachuan Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sixth People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shunqin Jin
- Department of Radiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfeng Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sixth People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Baoqiang Guo
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, U.K
| | - Guangming Li
- Department of Liver Disease, Sixth People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chunming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Sixth People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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Castro-Sayat M, Colaianni-Alfonso N, Vetrugno L, Olaizola G, Benay C, Herrera F, Saá Y, Montiel G, Haedo S, Previgliano I, Toledo A, Siroti C. Lung ultrasound score predicts outcomes in patients with acute respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19 treated with non-invasive respiratory support: a prospective cohort study. Ultrasound J 2024; 16:20. [PMID: 38457009 PMCID: PMC10923765 DOI: 10.1186/s13089-024-00365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung ultrasound has demonstrated its usefulness in several respiratory diseases management. One derived score, the Lung Ultrasound (LUS) score, is considered a good outcome predictor in patients with Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF). Nevertheless, it has not been tested in patients undergoing non-invasive respiratory support (NIRS). Taking this into account, the aim of this study is to evaluate LUS score as a predictor of 90-day mortality, ETI (Endotracheal intubation) and HFNC (High Flow Nasal Cannula) failure in patients with ARF due to COVID-19 admitted to a Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit (RICU) for NIRS management. RESULTS One hundred one patients were admitted to the RICU during the study period. Among these 76% were males and the median age was 55 (45-64) years. Initial ARF management started with HFNC, the next step was the use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) devices and the last intervention was ETI and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Of the total study population, CPAP was required in 40%, ETI in 26%, while 15% died. By means of a ROC analysis, a LUS ≥ 25 points was identified as the cut-off point for mortality(AUC 0.81, OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.71; p < 0.001), ETI (AUC 0.83, OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.70; p < 0.001) and HFNC failure (AUC 0.75, OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.41; p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival curves also identified LUS ≥ 25 as a predictor of 90-days mortality (HR 4.16, 95% CI 1.27-13.6) and 30 days ETI as well. CONCLUSION In our study, a ≥ 25 point cut-off of the Lung Ultrasound Score was identified as a good outcome prediction factor for 90-days mortality, ETI and HFNC failure in a COVID-19 ARF patients cohort treated in a RICU. Considering that LUS score is easy to calculate, a multicenter study to confirm our findings should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Castro-Sayat
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Colaianni-Alfonso
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina.
| | - Luigi Vetrugno
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of G. d' Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Gustavo Olaizola
- Healthcare Unit Dr. Cesar Milstein, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Rehabilitation and Respiratory Care Section, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristian Benay
- Police Medical Complex Churruca-Visca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Bernardino Rivadavia Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Herrera
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina
| | - Yasmine Saá
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Montiel
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina
| | - Santiago Haedo
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Previgliano
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina
| | - Ada Toledo
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina
| | - Catalina Siroti
- Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Juan A. Fernandez Hospital, Av. Cerviño 3356, Buenos Aires, C1425 CABA, Argentina
- Dr. Antonio A Cetrángolo Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Chen K, Wang YC, Yang KT, Huang TH, Hung YM, Chang R. Association of diverticulitis and potential risk of ischemic stroke: population-based matched cohort study in Taiwan. Postgrad Med J 2024:qgae010. [PMID: 38453141 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested relationship between diverticular disease and cardiovascular disease. Since cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular accident share a lot of pathogenesis, diverticulitis could also be a risk factor for stroke. This study tried to establish epidemiological evidence of the relationship between colon diverticulitis and ischemic stroke. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, patients with newly diagnosed colon diverticulitis (N = 6238) and patients without colon diverticulitis (control group; N = 24 952) were recruited between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2017. Both groups were matched by propensity score at a 1:4 ratio by age, sex, comorbidities and medications. Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of ischemic stroke. We also conducted 4 different regression models and 2 sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of our findings. RESULTS The diverticulitis group had a higher risk of IS than the control group (adjusted HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.12-1.39; P < 0.001). Serial sensitivity analyses yielded consistent positive link between diverticulitis and IS. Further subgroup analysis showed that in the study group, the risk of IS was 2.54-fold higher than the matched controls in 30-39 years. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that colon diverticulitis was associated with a higher risk of developing subsequent ischemic stroke, especially for patients aged 30-39 years, among Asian population. This result provides us a chance to undertake preventive measures for ischemic stroke in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Wang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Min-Sheng Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Adult Education, College of Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Tsu Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Min-Sheng Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsin Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Min Hung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taitung Branch, Taitung 950, Taiwan
- College of Science and Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung 950, Taiwan
- College of Health and Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Renin Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Yokoyama Y, Ichiki T, Yamakawa T, Tsuji Y, Kuronuma K, Takahashi S, Narimatsu E, Katanuma A, Nakase H. Gut microbiota and metabolites in patients with COVID-19 are altered by the type of SARS-CoV-2 variant. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1358530. [PMID: 38505560 PMCID: PMC10948395 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with COVID-19 have dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota with altered metabolites in the stool. However, it remains unclear whether the differences among SARS-CoV-2 variants lead to differences in intestinal microbiota and metabolites. Thus, we compared the microbiome and metabolome changes for each SARS-CoV-2 variant in patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods We conducted a multicenter observational study of patients with COVID-19 and performed fecal microbiome, metabolome, and calprotectin analyses and compared the results among the different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Results Twenty-one patients with COVID-19 were enrolled and stratified according to the SARS-CoV-2 strain: six with the Alpha, 10 with the Delta, and five with the Omicron variant. Fecal microbiome analysis showed that α-diversity was reduced in the order of the Omicron, Delta, and Alpha variants (p = 0.07). Linear discriminant analysis revealed differences in the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing gut microbiota for each SARS-CoV-2 variant. Fecal metabolome analysis showed that the Omicron and Delta variants had markedly reduced propionic and lactic acid levels compared to the Alpha strain (p < 0.05). Conclusion The intestinal microbiota of patients with COVID-19 varies depending on the SARS-CoV-2 variant. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota due to differences in SARS-CoV-2 variants causes a decrease in intestinal short-chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Yokoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ichiki
- Department of General Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yamakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tsuji
- Department of General Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koji Kuronuma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eichi Narimatsu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akio Katanuma
- Center for Gastroenterology, Teine-Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakase
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Liang J, Wang Y, Lin Z, He W, Sun J, Li Q, Zhang M, Chang Z, Guo Y, Zeng W, Liu T, Zeng Z, Yang Z, Hon C. Influenza and COVID-19 co-infection and vaccine effectiveness against severe cases: a mathematical modeling study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1347710. [PMID: 38500506 PMCID: PMC10945002 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1347710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza A virus have a distinctive ability to exacerbate SARS-CoV-2 infection proven by in vitro studies. Furthermore, clinical evidence suggests that co-infection with COVID-19 and influenza not only increases mortality but also prolongs the hospitalization of patients. COVID-19 is in a small-scale recurrent epidemic, increasing the likelihood of co-epidemic with seasonal influenza. The impact of co-infection with influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 on the population remains unstudied. Method Here, we developed an age-specific compartmental model to simulate the co-circulation of COVID-19 and influenza and estimate the number of co-infected patients under different scenarios of prevalent virus type and vaccine coverage. To decrease the risk of the population developing severity, we investigated the minimum coverage required for the COVID-19 vaccine in conjunction with the influenza vaccine, particularly during co-epidemic seasons. Result Compared to the single epidemic, the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 exhibits a lower trend and a delayed peak when co-epidemic with influenza. Number of co-infection cases is higher when SARS-CoV-2 co-epidemic with Influenza A virus than that with Influenza B virus. The number of co-infected cases increases as SARS-CoV-2 becomes more transmissible. As the proportion of individuals vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine and influenza vaccines increases, the peak number of co-infected severe illnesses and the number of severe illness cases decreases and the peak time is delayed, especially for those >60 years old. Conclusion To minimize the number of severe illnesses arising from co-infection of influenza and COVID-19, in conjunction vaccinations in the population are important, especially priority for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Liang
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yangqianxi Wang
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jiaxi Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zichen Chang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinqiu Guo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tie Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqi Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chitin Hon
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Waitzberg D, Guarner F, Hojsak I, Ianiro G, Polk DB, Sokol H. Can the Evidence-Based Use of Probiotics (Notably Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) Mitigate the Clinical Effects of Antibiotic-Associated Dysbiosis? Adv Ther 2024; 41:901-914. [PMID: 38286962 PMCID: PMC10879266 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Dysbiosis corresponds to the disruption of a formerly stable, functionally complete microbiota. In the gut, this imbalance can lead to adverse health outcomes in both the short and long terms, with a potential increase in the lifetime risks of various noncommunicable diseases and disorders such as atopy (like asthma), inflammatory bowel disease, neurological disorders, and even behavioural and psychological disorders. Although antibiotics are highly effective in reducing morbidity and mortality in infectious diseases, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea is a common, non-negligible clinical sign of gut dysbiosis (and the only visible one). Re-establishment of a normal (functional) gut microbiota is promoted by completion of the clinically indicated course of antibiotics, the removal of any other perturbing external factors, the passage of time (i.e. recovery through the microbiota's natural resilience), appropriate nutritional support, and-in selected cases-the addition of probiotics. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials have confirmed the strain-specific efficacy of some probiotics (notably the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and the bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) in the treatment and/or prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children and in adults. Unusually for a probiotic, S. boulardii is a eukaryote and is not therefore directly affected by antibiotics-making it suitable for administration in cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. A robust body of evidence from clinical trials and meta-analyses shows that the timely administration of an adequately dosed probiotic (upon initiation of antibiotic treatment or within 48 h) can help to prevent or resolve the consequences of antibiotic-associated dysbiosis (such as diarrhoea) and promote the resilience of the gut microbiota and a return to the pre-antibiotic state. A focus on the prescription of evidence-based, adequately dosed probiotics should help to limit unjustified and potentially ineffective self-medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Waitzberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, LIM-35, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Iva Hojsak
- Referral Centre for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC CEMAD Centro Malattie Dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - D Brent Polk
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, San Diego, and Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Harry Sokol
- Gastroenterology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, 184 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75571, Paris Cedex 12, France.
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.
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Alonso JV, Montoro E, Noblia L. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: Use of POCUS in the Emergency Department. Cir Esp 2024; 102:177-178. [PMID: 37952720 DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Esther Montoro
- Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Universitario Santa Lucia, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Leandro Noblia
- Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Universitario Santa Lucia, Cartagena, Spain
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Michelakis IE, Boukouris AE, Komodromou A, Foteinou S, Dafni M. Prognosis of hospitalized patients during different pandemic waves in Greece: Omicron innocent until proven guilty? Eur J Intern Med 2024; 121:139-142. [PMID: 38071090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis El Michelakis
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Korgialenio-Benakio, Red Cross General Hospital, Athens, Greece; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.
| | - Aristeidis E Boukouris
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Korgialenio-Benakio, Red Cross General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Stefania Foteinou
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Rethymno, Rethymno, Greece
| | - Maria Dafni
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Korgialenio-Benakio, Red Cross General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Zhang H, Zhang Q, Liu K, Yuan Z, Xu X, Dong J. Elevated level of circulating calprotectin correlates with severity and high mortality in patients with COVID-19. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1212. [PMID: 38477671 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) are characterized by hyperinflammation. Calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9) is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein mainly secreted by neutrophilic granulocytes or macrophages and has been suggested to be correlated with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19. AIM To thoroughly evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of calprotectin in patients with COVID-19 by analyzing relevant studies. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched from inception to August 1, 2023 to retrieve studies about the application of calprotectin in COVID-19. Useful data such as the level of calprotectin in different groups and the diagnostic efficacy of this biomarker for severe COVID-19 were extracted and aggregated by using Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS Fifteen studies were brought into this meta-analysis. First, the pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were used to estimate the differences in the levels of circulating calprotectin between patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19. The results showed an overall estimate of 1.84 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-2.60). Diagnostic information was extracted from 11 studies, and the pooled sensitivity and specificity of calprotectin for diagnosing severe COVID-19 were 0.75 (95% CI: 0.64-0.84) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.79-0.94), respectively. The AUC was 0.89 and the pooled DOR was 18.44 (95% CI: 9.07-37.51). Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between elevated levels of circulating calprotectin and a higher risk of mortality outcomes in COVID-19 patients (odds ratio: 8.60, 95% CI: 2.17-34.12; p < 0.1). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis showed that calprotectin was elevated in patients with severe COVID-19, and this atypical inflammatory cytokine might serve as a useful biomarker to distinguish the severity of COVID-19 and predict the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Graduate School of Education, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zenong Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiqiang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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M I, Prethipa R, Kumar S L, Eswaramoorthy R, Kumar Vadivel J. Evaluation of Salivary Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Ascorbic Acid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Cureus 2024; 16:e56590. [PMID: 38646241 PMCID: PMC11031368 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health concern associated with systemic as well as oral complications. The preventive antioxidants found in saliva naturally reduce the damaging effects of reactive oxygen molecules. Any disruption to the regular functioning of these antioxidants may lead to oxidative stress, which could boost an individual's vulnerability to oral diseases. Diabetes patients are vulnerable to various dental complications, such as oral mucosal disorders, dental caries, dry mouth, and periodontal disease. AIM This study aimed to assess the salivary butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and ascorbic acid (AA) levels in patients with controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study included samples from patients aged 45-65. Group I consisted of 20 controlled diabetic patients, and Group II consisted of 20 uncontrolled diabetic patients. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from both groups, and laboratory analysis was done. Salivary BHT and AA levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and spectrophotometric assay. RESULTS Salivary butylated hydroxytoluene levels were found to be higher in the uncontrolled diabetic group than in the controlled diabetic group, and salivary AA levels were found to be higher in the controlled diabetic group than in the uncontrolled diabetic group. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) values of butylated hydroxytoluene among controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients were 2.98 ± 0.12 and 2.99 ± 0.11 absorbance units, respectively. The mean ± SD value of AA in the controlled group was found to be 2.99 ± 0.15 absorbance units, and the mean ± SD value of AA in the uncontrolled group was 2.64 ± 0.96 absorbance units. However, it has been found that there is no statistically significant difference between salivary BHT and AA levels among controlled and uncontrolled diabetics, with p-values of 0.867 and 0.419, respectively. CONCLUSION Values of salivary biochemical markers were distinctly different between controlled and uncontrolled diabetic groups. However, to establish a definite role of salivary BHT and AA levels as biomarkers in managing and monitoring type 2 diabetes, future studies are required, even though the trends exhibit possible alterations in biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Induja M
- Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND
| | - Roland Prethipa
- Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND
| | - Lokesh Kumar S
- Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND
| | - Jayanth Kumar Vadivel
- Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND
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Nguyen OTP, Misun PM, Hierlemann A, Lohasz C. A Versatile Intestine-on-Chip System for Deciphering the Immunopathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302454. [PMID: 38253407 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The multifactorial nature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) necessitates reliable and practical experimental models to elucidate its etiology and pathogenesis. To model the intestinal microenvironment at the onset of IBD in vitro, it is important to incorporate relevant cellular and noncellular components before inducing stepwise pathogenic developments. A novel intestine-on-chip system for investigating multiple aspects of IBD's immunopathogenesis is presented. The system includes an array of tight and polarized barrier models formed from intestinal epithelial cells on an in-vivo-like subepithelial matrix within one week. The dynamic remodeling of the subepithelial matrix by cells or their secretome demonstrates the physiological relevance of the on-chip barrier models. The system design enables introduction of various immune cell types and inflammatory stimuli at specific locations in the same barrier model, which facilitates investigations of the distinct roles of each cell type in intestinal inflammation development. It is showed that inflammatory behavior manifests in an upregulated expression of inflammatory markers and cytokines (TNF-α). The neutralizing effect of the anti-inflammatory antibody Infliximab on levels of TNF-α and its inducible cytokines could be explicitly shown. Overall, an innovative approach to systematically developing a microphysiological system to comprehend immune-system-mediated disorders of IBD and to identify new therapeutic strategies is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oanh T P Nguyen
- Bio Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Klingelbergstrasse 48, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Patrick M Misun
- Bio Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Klingelbergstrasse 48, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hierlemann
- Bio Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Klingelbergstrasse 48, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lohasz
- Bio Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Klingelbergstrasse 48, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
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Ihne-Schubert SM, Goetze O, Gerstendörfer F, Sahiti F, Schade I, Papagianni A, Morbach C, Frantz S, Einsele H, Knop S, Sommer C, Müllhaupt B, Schubert T, Störk S, Geier A. Cardio-Hepatic Interaction in Cardiac Amyloidosis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1440. [PMID: 38592299 PMCID: PMC10932330 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Congestion is associated with poor prognosis in cardiac amyloidosis (CA). The cardio-hepatic interaction and the prognostic impact of secondary liver affection by cardiac congestion in CA are poorly understood and require further characterisation. Methods: Participants of the amyloidosis cohort study AmyKoS at the Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Centre of Northern Bavaria with proven transthyretin (ATTR-CA) and light chain CA (AL-CA) underwent serial work-up including laboratory tests, echocardiography, and in-depth hepatic assessment by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) and 13C-methacetin breath test. Results: In total, 74 patients with AL-CA (n = 17), ATTR-CA (n = 26) and the controls (n = 31) were analysed. ATTR-CA patients showed decreased microsomal liver function expressed by maximal percentage of dose rate (PDRpeak) related to hepatic congestion. Reduced PDRpeak in AL-CA could result from altered pharmacokinetics due to changed hepatic blood flow. Liver stiffness as a combined surrogate of chronic liver damage and congestion was identified as a predictor of all-cause mortality. Statistical modelling of the cardio-hepatic interaction revealed septum thickness, NT-proBNP and PDRpeak as predictors of liver stiffness in both CA subtypes; dilatation of liver veins and the fibrosis score FIB-4 were only significant for ATTR-CA. Conclusions: Non-invasive methods allow us to characterise CA-associated hepatic pathophysiology. Liver stiffness might be promising for risk stratification in CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Michaela Ihne-Schubert
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- CIRCLE—Centre for Innovation Research, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Oliver Goetze
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hepatology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Felix Gerstendörfer
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Floran Sahiti
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ina Schade
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Endoscopy, Helios Klinikum Erfurt, 99089 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Aikaterini Papagianni
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Morbach
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Knop
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hospital Nürnberg Nord, 90419 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Sommer
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Beat Müllhaupt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Torben Schubert
- CIRCLE—Centre for Innovation Research, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Geier
- Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hepatology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Castro Villamor MA, Alonso-Sanz M, López-Izquierdo R, Delgado Benito JF, Del Pozo Vegas C, López Torres S, Soriano JB, Martín-Conty JL, Sanz-García A, Martín-Rodríguez F. Comparison of eight prehospital early warning scores in life-threatening acute respiratory distress: a prospective, observational, multicentre, ambulance-based, external validation study. Lancet Digit Health 2024; 6:e166-e175. [PMID: 38395538 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(23)00243-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A myriad of early warning scores (EWSs) exist, yet there is a need to identify the most clinically valid score to be used in prehospital respiratory assessments to estimate short-term and midterm mortality, intensive-care unit admission, and airway management in life-threatening acute respiratory distress. METHODS This is a prospective, observational, multicentre, ambulance-based, external validation study performed in 44 ambulance services and four hospitals across three Spanish provinces (ie, Salamanca, Segovia, and Valladolid). We identified adults (ie, those aged 18 years and older) discharged to the emergency department with suspected acute respiratory distress. The primary outcome was 2-day all-cause in-hospital mortality, for all the patients or according to prehospital respiratory conditions, including dyspnoea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), COVID-19, other infections, and other conditions (asthma exacerbation, haemoptysis, and bronchoaspirations). 30-day mortality, intensive-care unit admission, and invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation were secondary outcomes. Eight EWSs, namely, the National Early Warning Score 2, the Modified Rapid Emergency Medicine Score, the Rapid Acute Physiology Score, the Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score, the CURB-65 Severity Score for Community-Acquired Pneumonia, the BAP-65 Score for Acute Exacerbation of COPD, the Quick COVID-19 Severity Index, and the Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (mSOFA), were explored to determine their predictive validity through calibration, clinical net benefit as determined through decision curve analysis, and discrimination analysis (area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic [AUROC], compared with Delong's test). FINDINGS Between Jan 1, 2020, and Nov 31, 2022, 902 patients were enrolled. The global 2-day mortality rate was 87 (10%); in proportion to various respiratory conditions, the rates were 35 (40%) for dyspnoea, nine (10%) for COPD, 13 (15%) for COVID-19, 28 (32%) for other infections, and two (2%) for others conditions. mSOFA showed the best calibration, a higher net benefit, and the best discrimination (AUROC 0·911, 95% CI 0·86-0·95) for predicting 2-day mortality, and its discrimination was statistically significantly more accurate (p<0·0001) compared with the other scores. The performance of mSOFA for predicting 2-day mortality was higher than the other scores when considering the prehospital respiratory conditions, and was also higher for the secondary outcomes, except for non-invasive mechanical ventilation. INTERPRETATION Our results showed that mSOFA outperformed other EWSs. The inclusion of mSOFA in prehospital decision making will entail a quick identification of patients in acute respiratory distress at high risk of deterioration, allowing prioritisation of resources and patient care. FUNDING Gerencia Regional de Salud, Public Health System of Castilla y León (GRS Spain). TRANSLATION For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raúl López-Izquierdo
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Del Pozo Vegas
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Emergency Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Santiago López Torres
- Servicio de Asistencia Municipal de Urgencia y Rescate (SAMUR-Protección Civil), Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan B Soriano
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Martín-Conty
- Technological Innovation Applied to Health Research Group (ITAS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Ancor Sanz-García
- Technological Innovation Applied to Health Research Group (ITAS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Talavera de la Reina, Spain.
| | - Francisco Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Advanced Life Support, Emergency Medical Services (SACYL), Valladolid, Spain
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Kim MG, Kim S, Jeon JY, Moon SJ, Kwak YG, Na JY, Lee S, Park KM, Kim HJ, Lee SM, Choi SY, Shin KH. Profiling of endogenous metabolites and changes in intestinal microbiota distribution after GEN-001 ( Lactococcus lactis) administration. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 28:153-164. [PMID: 38414398 PMCID: PMC10902589 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.2.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify metabolic biomarkers and investigate changes in intestinal microbiota in the feces of healthy participants following administration of Lactococcus lactis GEN-001. GEN-001 is a single-strain L. lactis strain isolated from the gut of a healthy human volunteer. The study was conducted as a parallel, randomized, phase 1, open design trial. Twenty healthy Korean males were divided into five groups according to the GEN-001 dosage and dietary control. Groups A, B, C, and D1 received 1, 3, 6, and 9 GEN-001 capsules (1 × 1011 colony forming units), respectively, without dietary adjustment, whereas group D2 received 9 GEN-001 capsules with dietary adjustment. All groups received a single dose. Fecal samples were collected 2 days before GEN-001 administration to 7 days after for untargeted metabolomics and gut microbial metagenomic analyses; blood samples were collected simultaneously for immunogenicity analysis. Levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and tryptophan were significantly increased at 5-6 days after GEN-001 administration when compared with predose levels. Compared with predose, the relative abundance (%) of Parabacteroides and Alistipes significantly decreased, whereas that of Lactobacillus and Lactococcus increased; Lactobacillus and tryptophan levels were negatively correlated. A single administration of GEN-001 shifted the gut microbiota in healthy volunteers to a more balanced state as evidenced by an increased abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus, and higher levels of the metabolites that have immunogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Gul Kim
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Suin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Jeon
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Seol Ju Moon
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Yong-Geun Kwak
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Joo Young Na
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - SeungHwan Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | | | | | - Sang-Min Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Seo-Yeon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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Giua C, Romano F, Keber E, Pellegrino P, Perez M, Uboldi MC. A Prospective Real-World Study of Bacillus clausii Evaluating Use, Treatment Habits and Patient Satisfaction in Italian Community Pharmacies: The PEGASO Study. Drugs Real World Outcomes 2024; 11:137-147. [PMID: 38044388 DOI: 10.1007/s40801-023-00402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ailments such as diarrhoea and antibiotic-associated gut symptoms are generally self-managed using probiotics. Real-world data on reasons behind self-medication with over-the-counter (OTC) products and patient-reported outcomes can be investigated strategically by the pharmacists. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the use of Bacillus clausii (Enterogermina®) at the Italian community pharmacies among self-medicating patients, their treatment habits and perceived benefits. DESIGN This is a multicentre, prospective, non-interventional study which included two visits [at screening (T0) and end of the study (T1) when symptoms had subsided, ≤ 30 days from T0]. Patients who were already inclined to buy B. clausii were enrolled and instructed to complete a questionnaire at T0 and T1. The primary objective was to evaluate the reasons for taking B. clausii. Secondary objectives assessed treatment duration, perceived effectiveness, quality of life (QoL), treatment satisfaction and safety outcomes. RESULTS Overall, 268 patients were enrolled; 99.6% of them were evaluated at T0 and 97.4% at T1, and safety was evaluated in 97.8% who had ≥ 1 dose of B. clausii. At T0, mean age was 50.7 years and majority were females (62.2%). In the interview, main reason stated for using B. clausii at T0 was diarrhoea (56.93%), followed by other gastrointestinal symptoms. Treatment duration was shorter in those with diarrhoea or abdominal pain versus those with constipation or abdominal tension. More than 90% perceived their symptoms to have improved or improved very much. Overall QoL improved in all the aspects measured. Treatment satisfaction was reported by nearly 90% of patients as satisfied, very satisfied or extremely satisfied. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION This is the first pharmacy-based study in Italy that evaluated the real-world usage of an OTC probiotic containing B. clausii among self-medicating adults. Diarrhoea was the most common reason for use, with high-level of perceived effectiveness and patient satisfaction with B. clausii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Giua
- Società Italiana Farmacia Clinica (SIFAC), Viale Regina Margherita 30, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Flora Romano
- Società Italiana Farmacia Clinica (SIFAC), Viale Regina Margherita 30, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrico Keber
- Società Italiana Farmacia Clinica (SIFAC), Viale Regina Margherita 30, 09124, Cagliari, Italy.
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Chenhuichen C, Marín-Epelde I, Ramón-Espinoza F, Sánchez-Latorre M, Gonzales Montejo NJ, Pozo Vico A, Librero López J, Casas-Herrero A. [Epidemiological, clinical, and functional characteristics of patients older than 75 years admitted to a tertiary hospital during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2024; 59:101449. [PMID: 38064873 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2023.101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the present study is to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and functional characteristics of patients admitted to the University Hospital of Navarra due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the predictors of mortality, during the first wave of the pandemic caused by this virus. METHODOLOGY An observational, retrospective study was performed, including all hospitalized patients older than 75 years. Information has been obtained on multiple variables, among which it is worth mentioning previous geriatric syndromes or those that have appeared during hospitalization, or past medical history considered relevant in SARS-CoV-2 infection. A descriptive analysis of the data, comparisons according to various factors of interest and multivariate analysis to analyze factors associated with mortality were carried out. RESULTS Data have been obtained from a total of 426 patients with a mean age of 83.2 years (52.6% men). 34.7% died in hospital and 4.5% within 1 month after hospital discharge. The factors related to mortality were: worse baseline functional status, chronic kidney disease, and fever or dyspnea as forms of presentation. The most frequent typical symptoms were: fever, dyspnea, cough, asthenia and hyporexia. Up to 42.1% presented delirium as a symptom of atypical onset. We observed a functional deterioration that was not recover after a month of follow-up (baseline Barthel index 81.12; 70.08 at discharge; 75.55 after a month). CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 infection has caused high mortality rates in older adults. In this age group, the atypical presentation of this disease and functional deterioration during hospitalization are frequent. In the present study, a worse previous functional status has been identified as a predictor of mortality. More studies are needed to evaluate the impact that the disease and hospitalization have on the older patient, with the aim of implementing preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures that are necessary to avoid functional deterioration and adverse health events related to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Chenhuichen
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | - Itxaso Marín-Epelde
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | | | - Marina Sánchez-Latorre
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | | | - Ana Pozo Vico
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | - Julián Librero López
- Biomedical Research Centre of the Government of Navarre (Navarrabiomed), , Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | - Alvaro Casas-Herrero
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España; Biomedical Research Centre of the Government of Navarre (Navarrabiomed), , Pamplona, Navarra, España; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, España.
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Gallo C, Dispinzieri G, Zucchini N, Invernizzi P, Massironi S. Autoimmune pancreatitis: Cornerstones and future perspectives. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:817-832. [PMID: 38516247 PMCID: PMC10950636 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i8.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is an autoimmune subtype of chronic pancreatitis resulting from the aberrant immune response against the pancreas, leading to inflammation and fibrosis. Although AIP is rare, its incidence is increasing and is often misdiagnosed as other pancreatic diseases. AIP is commonly classified into two types. Type 1 AIP (AIP-1) is typically associated with elevated serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) levels and systemic manifestations, while type 2 AIP is typically a more localized form of the disease, and may coexist with other autoimmune disorders, especially inflammatory bowel diseases. Additionally, there is emerging recognition of a third type (type 3 AIP), which refers to immunotherapy-triggered AIP, although this classification is still gaining acceptance in medical literature. The clinical manifestations of AIP mainly include painless jaundice and weight loss. Elevated serum IgG4 levels are particularly characteristic of AIP-1. Diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical, laboratory, radiological, and histological findings, given the similarity of AIP symptoms to other pancreatic disorders. The mainstay of treatment for AIP is steroid therapy, which is effective in most cases. Severe cases might require additional imm-unosuppressive agents. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of AIP, encompassing its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options. We also address the challenges and controversies in diagnosing and treating AIP, such as distinguishing it from pancreatic cancer and managing long-term treatment, highlighting the need for increased awareness and knowledge of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Gallo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori; University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Giulia Dispinzieri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori; University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Nicola Zucchini
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori; University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Sara Massironi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori; University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
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Chen C, Xu J, Han T, Chen G, Yu K, Du C, Shen W, Sun Y, Zeng X. Microencapsulation as a Protective Strategy for Sialylated Immunoglobulin G: Efficacy in Alleviating Symptoms of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice and Potential Mechanisms. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:4074-4088. [PMID: 38323407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Sialylated immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a vital glycoprotein in breast milk with the ability to promote the growth of Bifidobacterium in gut microbiota and relieve inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms in vitro. Here, it was found that the microcapsules with sialylated IgG could protect and release sialylated IgG with its structure and function in the intestine. Furthermore, the sialylated IgG microcapsules alleviated the clinical symptoms (body weight, feed quantity, and colon length loss), decreased disease activity index score, suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and MCP-1) and endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), and enhanced the intestinal mucosal barrier (Claudin1, Muc2, Occludin, and ZO-1) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice. Additionally, the sialylated IgG microcapsules improved the gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of critical microbe Bifidobacterium bifidum and promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Correlation analysis indicated that the key microbes were strongly correlated with pro-inflammatory factors, clinical symptoms, tight junction protein, and SCFAs. These findings suggest that the sialylated IgG microcapsules have the potential to be used as a novel therapeutic approach for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxu Chen
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, Anhui, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaming Xu
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Tianxiang Han
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Guijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Sciences & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanlai Du
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
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Ding Y, Yanagi K, Yang F, Callaway E, Cheng C, Hensel ME, Menon R, Alaniz RC, Lee K, Jayaraman A. Oral supplementation of gut microbial metabolite indole-3-acetate alleviates diet-induced steatosis and inflammation in mice. eLife 2024; 12:RP87458. [PMID: 38412016 PMCID: PMC10942630 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in Western countries. There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and disruption of microbiota-host interactions contribute to the pathology of NAFLD. We previously demonstrated that gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolite indole-3-acetate (I3A) was decreased in both cecum and liver of high-fat diet-fed mice and attenuated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages and Tnfa and fatty acid-induced inflammatory responses in an aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent manner in hepatocytes. In this study, we investigated the effect of orally administered I3A in a mouse model of diet-induced NAFLD. Western diet (WD)-fed mice given sugar water (SW) with I3A showed dramatically decreased serum ALT, hepatic triglycerides (TG), liver steatosis, hepatocyte ballooning, lobular inflammation, and hepatic production of inflammatory cytokines, compared to WD-fed mice given only SW. Metagenomic analysis show that I3A administration did not significantly modify the intestinal microbiome, suggesting that I3A's beneficial effects likely reflect the metabolite's direct actions on the liver. Administration of I3A partially reversed WD-induced alterations of liver metabolome and proteome, notably, decreasing expression of several enzymes in hepatic lipogenesis and β-oxidation. Mechanistically, we also show that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of I3A in macrophages. The potency of I3A in alleviating liver steatosis and inflammation clearly demonstrates its potential as a therapeutic modality for preventing the progression of steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Ding
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Karin Yanagi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts UniversityMedfordUnited States
| | - Fang Yang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Evelyn Callaway
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Clint Cheng
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Martha E Hensel
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Robert C Alaniz
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas Health Science Center, Texas A&M UniversityBryanUnited States
| | - Kyongbum Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts UniversityMedfordUnited States
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas Health Science Center, Texas A&M UniversityBryanUnited States
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Deng X, Tang K, Wang Z, He S, Luo Z. Impacts of Inflammatory Cytokines Variants on Systemic Inflammatory Profile and COVID-19 Severity. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024:10.1007/s44197-024-00204-w. [PMID: 38376765 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00204-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine storm is known to impact the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), since pro-inflammatory cytokine variants are associated with cytokine storm. It is tempting to speculate that pro-inflammatory cytokines variants may impact COVID-19 outcomes by modulating cytokine storm. Here, we verified this hypothesis via a comprehensive analysis. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, Central, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched until December 15, 2023. Case-control or cohort studies that investigated the impacts of rs1800795 or rs1800629 on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, mortality, IL-6, TNF-α, or CRP levels were included after an anonymous review by two independent reviewers and consultations of disagreement by a third independent reviewer. RESULTS 47 studies (8305 COVID-19 individuals and 17,846 non-COVID-19 individuals) were analyzed. The rs1800629 A allele (adenine at the -308 position of the promoter was encoded by the A allele) was associated with higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP). In contrast, the rs1800795 C allele (cytosine at the -174 position of the promoter was encoded by the C allele) was linked to higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and CRP. In addition, the A allele of rs1800629 increased the severity and mortality of COVID-19. However, the C allele of rs1800795 only increased COVID-19 susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS rs1800629 and rs1800795 variants of pro-inflammatory cytokines have significant impacts on systemic inflammatory profile and COVID-19 clinical outcomes. rs1800629 may serve as a genetic marker for severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- XueJun Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Orthopedic Center 1 Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China.
| | - Suyu He
- The Fourth Department of Digestive Disease Center, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhi Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China.
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50
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Cai T, Song X, Xu X, Dong L, Liang S, Xin M, Huang Y, Zhu L, Li T, Wang X, Fang Y, Xu Z, Wang C, Wang M, Li J, Zheng Y, Sun W, Li L. Effects of plant natural products on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the underlying mechanisms: a narrative review with a focus on the modulation of the gut microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1323261. [PMID: 38444539 PMCID: PMC10912229 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1323261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. However, due to the complex pathogenesis of MAFLD, there are no officially approved drugs for treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find safe and effective anti-MAFLD drugs. Recently, the relationship between the gut microbiota and MAFLD has been widely recognized, and treating MAFLD by regulating the gut microbiota may be a new therapeutic strategy. Natural products, especially plant natural products, have attracted much attention in the treatment of MAFLD due to their multiple targets and pathways and few side effects. Moreover, the structure and function of the gut microbiota can be influenced by exposure to plant natural products. However, the effects of plant natural products on MAFLD through targeting of the gut microbiota and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Based on the above information and to address the potential therapeutic role of plant natural products in MAFLD, we systematically summarize the effects and mechanisms of action of plant natural products in the prevention and treatment of MAFLD through targeting of the gut microbiota. This narrative review provides feasible ideas for further exploration of safer and more effective natural drugs for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Song
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Shufei Liang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Meiling Xin
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Linghui Zhu
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxing Li
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueke Wang
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yini Fang
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbao Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Jingda Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfei Zheng
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Lingru Li
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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