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Yan Z, Ji F, Yan R, Jiao J, Wang W, Zhang M, Li F, Zhao Y, Chang Z, Yan S, Li J. Reyanning mixture inhibits M1 macrophage polarization through the glycogen synthesis pathway to improve lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 328:118005. [PMID: 38508433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Reyanning (RYN) mixture is a traditional Chinese medicine composed of Taraxacum, Polygonum cuspidatum, Scutellariae Barbatae and Patrinia villosa and is used for the treatment of acute respiratory system diseases with significant clinical efficacy. AIM OF THE STUDY Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common clinical disease characterized by acute respiratory failure. This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of RYN on ALI and to explore its mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the chemical components of RYN. 7.5 mg/kg LPS was administered to induce ALI in rats. RYN was administered by gavage at doses of 2 ml/kg, 4 ml/kg or 8 ml/kg every 8 h for a total of 6 doses. Observations included lung histomorphology, lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio, lung permeability index (LPI), HE staining, Wright-Giemsa staining. ELISA was performed to detect the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, Arg-1,UDPG. Immunohistochemical staining detected IL-6, F4/80 expression. ROS, MDA, SOD, GSH/GSSG were detected in liver tissues. Multiple omics techniques were used to predict the potential mechanism of action of RYN, which was verified by in vivo closure experiments. Immunofluorescence staining detected the co-expression of CD86 and CD206, CD86 and P2Y14, CD86 and UGP2 in liver tissues. qRT-PCR detected the mRNA levels of UGP2, P2Y14 and STAT1, and immunoblotting detected the protein expression of UGP2, P2Y14, STAT1, p-STAT1. RESULTS RYN was detected to contain 1366 metabolites, some of the metabolites with high levels have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antioxidant properties. RYN (2, 4, and 8 ml/kg) exerted dose-dependent therapeutic effects on the ALI rats, by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration and oxidative stress damage, inhibiting CD86 expression, decreasing TNF-α and IL-6 levels, and increasing IL-10 and Arg-1 levels. Transcriptomics and proteomics showed that glucose metabolism provided the pathway for the anti-ALI properties of RYN and that RYN inhibited lung glycogen production and distribution. Immunofluorescence co-staining showed that RYN inhibited CD86 and UGP2 expressions. In vivo blocking experiments revealed that blocking glycogen synthesis reduced UDPG content, inhibited P2Y14 and CD86 expressions, decreased P2Y14 and STAT1 mRNA and protein expressions, reduced STAT1 protein phosphorylation expression, and had the same therapeutic effect as RYN. CONCLUSION RYN inhibits M1 macrophage polarization to alleviate ALI. Blocking glycogen synthesis and inhibiting the UDPG/P2Y14/STAT1 signaling pathway may be its molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yan
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, PR China
| | - Fanpu Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, PR China
| | - Ruijuan Yan
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China
| | - Junzhe Jiao
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China
| | - Wenba Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, PR China
| | - Fenhong Li
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, PR China
| | - Yunyu Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, PR China
| | - Zhanjie Chang
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China
| | - Shuguang Yan
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
| | - Jingtao Li
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
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Wu TTH, Travaglini KJ, Rustagi A, Xu D, Zhang Y, Andronov L, Jang S, Gillich A, Dehghannasiri R, Martínez-Colón GJ, Beck A, Liu DD, Wilk AJ, Morri M, Trope WL, Bierman R, Weissman IL, Shrager JB, Quake SR, Kuo CS, Salzman J, Moerner W, Kim PS, Blish CA, Krasnow MA. Interstitial macrophages are a focus of viral takeover and inflammation in COVID-19 initiation in human lung. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232192. [PMID: 38597954 PMCID: PMC11009983 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Early stages of deadly respiratory diseases including COVID-19 are challenging to elucidate in humans. Here, we define cellular tropism and transcriptomic effects of SARS-CoV-2 virus by productively infecting healthy human lung tissue and using scRNA-seq to reconstruct the transcriptional program in "infection pseudotime" for individual lung cell types. SARS-CoV-2 predominantly infected activated interstitial macrophages (IMs), which can accumulate thousands of viral RNA molecules, taking over 60% of the cell transcriptome and forming dense viral RNA bodies while inducing host profibrotic (TGFB1, SPP1) and inflammatory (early interferon response, CCL2/7/8/13, CXCL10, and IL6/10) programs and destroying host cell architecture. Infected alveolar macrophages (AMs) showed none of these extreme responses. Spike-dependent viral entry into AMs used ACE2 and Sialoadhesin/CD169, whereas IM entry used DC-SIGN/CD209. These results identify activated IMs as a prominent site of viral takeover, the focus of inflammation and fibrosis, and suggest targeting CD209 to prevent early pathology in COVID-19 pneumonia. This approach can be generalized to any human lung infection and to evaluate therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Ting-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kyle J. Travaglini
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arjun Rustagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Duo Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Leonid Andronov
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - SoRi Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Astrid Gillich
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roozbeh Dehghannasiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Giovanny J. Martínez-Colón
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aimee Beck
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Dan Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aaron J. Wilk
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Winston L. Trope
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rob Bierman
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Irving L. Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph B. Shrager
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Stephen R. Quake
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christin S. Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Julia Salzman
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - W.E. Moerner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peter S. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Catherine A. Blish
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark A. Krasnow
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Mi Y, Liang Y, Liu Y, Bai Z, Li N, Tan S, Hou Y. Integrated network pharmacology and experimental validation-based approach to reveal the underlying mechanisms and key material basis of Jinhua Qinggan granules against acute lung injury. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 326:117920. [PMID: 38373663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jinhua Qinggan granules (JHQG), the traditional Chinese formula come into the market in 2016, has been proved clinically effective against coronavirus disease. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major complication of respiratory infection such as coronavirus and influenza virus, with a high clinical fatality rate. Macrophage activation-induced inflammatory response plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ALI. However, the participation of inflammatory response in the efficacy of JHQG and its material basis against ALI is still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY The research aims to investigate the inflammatory response-involved efficacy of JHQG on ALI, explore the "ingredient-target-pathway" mechanisms, and searching for key material basis of JHQG by integrated network pharmacology and experimental validation-based approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mice was established to assess the protective impact of JHQG. Network pharmacology was utilized to identify potential targets of JHQG and investigate its action mechanisms related to inflammatory response in treating ALI. The therapeutic effect and mechanism of the primary active ingredient in JHQG was verified through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a combination of wet experiments. RESULTS JHQG remarkably alleviated lung damage in mice model via suppressing macrophage activation, and inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediator level, p-ERK and p-STAT3 expression, TLR4/NF-κB activation. Network pharmacology combined with HPLC found luteolin is the main effective component of JHQG, and it could interact with TLR4/MD2 complex, further exerting the anti-inflammatory property and the protective role against ALI. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our finding clarified the underlying mechanisms and material basis of JHQG therapy for ALI by integrated network pharmacology and experimental validation-based strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mi
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yusheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yeshu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zisong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shaowen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
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Chen J, Mei Q, Wang L, Wei Y. DEFB114 protein enhances host resistance to fungal infection through the NOD1/2-ATG16L1-NF-κB signaling pathway. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107245. [PMID: 38484587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics has led to the enhanced resistance of many pathogenic bacteria, posing a threat to human health. Therefore, there is a need to develop green and safe alternatives to antibiotics. Beta-defensins play a crucial role in host defense against pathogens and have multifunctional properties, exerting key roles in innate and adaptive immunity, as well as non-immune processes. In this study, a 210 bp long cDNA sequence of yak DEFB114 gene was amplified and successfully expressed in a prokaryotic system. The DEFB114 protein exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus in vitro. When co-cultured with yak macrophages, DEFB114 protein enhanced macrophage phagocytic activity and increased nucleic acid fluorescence intensity (P < 0.05). DEFB114 protein also enhanced the activity of yak macrophages stimulated by inactivated Aspergillus fumigatus spores, increased the release of nitric oxide (NO), and promoted the expression of genes such as γ-actin, Lgals, Man2b, and Capg (P < 0.05). In mice experiments, DEFB114 protein promoted resistance against Aspergillus fumigatus infection, by regulating the NOD1/2-ATG16L1-NF-κB pathway to modulate the host immune response and exert its anti-infective effects. In summary, the yak DEFB114 protein could inhibit the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus and enhance the animal's resistance to pathogenic microorganisms, thereby having significant implications in the treatment and prevention of fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Qundi Mei
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Yong Wei
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Sciences Academy, Chengdu 610066, China
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Yu C, Li Y, Li Y, Li S, Zeng F, Yu J, Ji Z, Li K, Zhai H. A novel mechanism for regulating lung immune homeostasis: Zukamu granules alleviated acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulating Th17/Treg cytokine balance. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 324:117831. [PMID: 38280662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severely acute lung inflammation with high morbidity and mortality. Zukamu granules (ZKMG) is one of the Uygur patent drugs commonly used in clinic, which is included in the National Essential Drugs List (2018 edition). Clinical studies have shown that ZKMG has a significant effect on acute upper respiratory tract infection, and has better anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. However, the immunomodulatory mechanism of ZKMG on ALI is still not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to investigate the lung protective effect and immunomodulatory mechanism of ZKMG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced ALI mice, and to provide an important basis for the treatment strategy and theoretical basis of ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, network pharmacology was used to predict the potential signaling pathways and biological processes of ZKMG related to immunology. Molecular docking technique was used to predict the possibility between the core components of ZKMG acting on NLRP3 protein. In addition, protein levels of F4/80 in lung tissues were assessed by Immunohistochemistry (IHC). The contents of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-17A and IL-10 in the lung tissue and serum, MPO in the lung tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time quantitative PCR analysis (RT-qPCR) was used to detect NLRP3 mRNA in lung tissue. Protein levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, Cleaved caspase-1 p20, ASC, and GSDMD were detected by Western blot (WB). RESULTS The results of network pharmacology showed that the immune pathways of ZKMG were mainly Th17 signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, etc. Molecular docking results showed that the core components of ZKMG had good binding ability to NLRP3 protein. The verification experiments showed that ZKMG can reduce the degree of lung injury, and reduce the level of inflammatory infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages by reducing the content of MPO and F4/80. In addition, ZKMG can reduce NLRP3 mRNA, inhibit the expression of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD and other related pathway proteins, and reduce inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and IL-18. It can also reduce the content of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17A, increase the content of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in lung tissue. CONCLUSION ZKMG can reduce the degree of lung tissue injury in ALI by inhibiting NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway and restoring the IL-17A/IL-10 cytokine balance, and its protective mechanism may be related to the regulation of lung immune homeostasis. It will provide a new strategy for studying the regulation of lung immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqian Yu
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Fengping Zeng
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Institute of Traditional Uygur Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Zhihong Ji
- New Cicon Pharmaceutical Co. LTD., Urumchi, 830001, China
| | - Keao Li
- New Cicon Pharmaceutical Co. LTD., Urumchi, 830001, China
| | - Huaqiang Zhai
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China; Institute of Traditional Uygur Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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Gao F, Xiong D, Sun Z, Shao J, Wei D, Nie S. ARC@DPBNPs suppress LPS-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis and M1 polarization by ERK pathway in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111794. [PMID: 38457983 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Exploring the protective effect of ARC@DPBNP on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced ALI and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS ALI model was established by intransally administrating LPS (4 mg/kg) into C57BL/6 mice. The suppression effects of ALI was first compared between ARC (intragastric administrated, with doses ranging from 10 to 80 mg/kg) and ARC@BPBNPs (intratracheally administrated, with doses ranging from 1 to 4 mg/kg). Changes in lung histology post intratracheal intervention of 3 mg/kg ARC@DPBNPs were detected. The expression of pyrotosis pathway-related proteins in lungs as well as in RAW264.7 cells was detected by western blotting. The ASC expression in lung macrophages was examined using immune-fluorescent staining. The polarization of RAW264.7 cells and lung macrophages were detected by flow cytometry. The network pharmacology was constructed by Cytoscape, and the molecular docking was perfomed by AutoDock Vina. RESULTS Docking predicted the high affinity of ARC to MAPK1 (ERK2). HE staining showed that ARC@DPBNPs attenuated LPS-induced ALI at a remarkably lower dose than ARC. The improved histopathological changes, lung W/D weight ratio, and decreased of inflammatory factor levels in lung collectively demonstrated the alleviation effects of ARC@DPBNPs. Compared with the LPS group, ARC@DPBNPs down-regulated the ERK pathway, resulted in a suppression of the macrophage pyroptosis and M1 polarization. This suppression effects could be removed by the ERK activator Ro 67-7476. CONCLUSION ARC@DPBNPs attenuated ALI by suppressing LPS-induced macrophage pyroptosis and polarization, probably through down-regulation of the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Dian Xiong
- Lung Transplantation Center, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhaorui Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jingbo Shao
- Lung Transplantation Center, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Lung Transplantation Center, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China.
| | - Shinan Nie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China.
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Zhang R, Jiang Q, Gao S, Zhang H, Xia Q, Liu B, Zhu J, Jiang H, Zhao R, Dong H, Li X, Zhang Y, Yang C, Gu X, Sun L, Zhou H. Favipiravir ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by reprogramming M1/M2 macrophage polarization. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111774. [PMID: 38489971 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that seriously endangers human life and health. The pathological anatomy results of patients who died of the COVID-19 showed that there was an excessive inflammatory response in the lungs. It is also known that most of the COVID-19 infected patients will cause different degrees of lung damage after infection, and may have pulmonary fibrosis remaining after cure. Macrophages are a type of immune cell population with pluripotency and plasticity. In the early and late stages of infection, the dynamic changes of the balance and function of M1/M2 alveolar macrophages have a significant impact on the inflammatory response of the lungs. In the early stage of pulmonary fibrosis inflammation, the increase in the proportion of M1 type is beneficial to clear pathogenic microorganisms and promote the progress of inflammation; in the later stage of fibrosis, the increase in the number of M2 type macrophages can inhibit the inflammatory response and promote the degradation of fibrosis. As a potential treatment drug for new coronavirus pneumonia, favipiravir is in the process of continuously carried out relevant clinical trials. This study aims to discuss whether the antiviral drug favipiravir can suppress inflammation and immune response by regulating the M1/M2 type of macrophages, thereby alleviating fibrosis. We established a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model, using IL-4/13 and LPS/IFN-γ cell stimulating factor to induce macrophage M1 and M2 polarization models, respectively. Our study shows that favipiravir exerts anti-fibrotic effects mainly by reprogramming M1/M2 macrophages polarization, that is, enhancing the expression of anti-fibrotic M1 type, reducing the expression of M2 type pro-fibrotic factors and reprogramming it to anti-fibrotic phenotype. Aspects of pharmacological mechanisms, favipiravir inhibits the activation of JAK2-STAT6 and JAK2-PI3K-AKT signaling by targeting JAK2 protein, thereby inhibiting pro-fibrotic M2 macrophages polarization and M2-induced myofibroblast activation. In summary, favipiravir can reduce the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, we hope to provide a certain reference for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China; High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China
| | - Huizhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China; High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China; High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China; High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Haixia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China; High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Ruixi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China
| | - Huixuan Dong
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, 30087 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- The second department of respiratory and critical care medicine, the second hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000 Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China; High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Characteristic medical center of the Chinese people's Armed police Force, 300162 Tianjin, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, 300000 Tianjin, China; High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 300070 Tianjin, China.
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8
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Shi Z, Yang X, Shi X, Zhang D, Zhao D, Hao Y, Yang J, Bie X, Yan W, Chen G, Chen L, Liu X, Zheng H, Zhang K. Identification and verification of the role of key metabolites and metabolic pathways on ASFV replication. iScience 2024; 27:109345. [PMID: 38500823 PMCID: PMC10946325 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection usually causes viremia within a few days. However, the metabolic changes in pig serum after ASFV infection remain unclear. In this study, serum samples collected from ASFV-infected pigs at different times were analyzed using pseudotargeted metabolomics method. Metabolomic analysis revealed the dopaminergic synapse pathway has the highest rich factor in both ASFV5 and ASFV10 groups. By disrupting the dopamine synaptic pathway, dopamine receptor antagonists inhibited ASFV replication and L-dopa promoted ASFV replication. In addition, guanosine, one of the top20 changed metabolites in both ASFV5 and ASFV10 groups suppressed the replication of ASFV. Taken together, this study revealed the changed serum metabolite profiles of ASFV-infected pigs at various times after infection and verified the effect of the changed metabolites and metabolic pathways on ASFV replication. These findings may contribute to understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of ASFV and the development of target drugs to control ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunji Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xijuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dajun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dengshuai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinke Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xintian Bie
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenqian Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guohui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Keshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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9
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Shao S, Zhang N, Specht GP, You S, Song L, Fu Q, Huang D, You H, Shu J, Domissy A, Li S, Nguyen-Tran V, Joseph SB, Chatterjee AK, Chen JJ, Schultz PG, Bollong MJ. Pharmacological expansion of type 2 alveolar epithelial cells promotes regenerative lower airway repair. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400077121. [PMID: 38598345 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400077121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) are stem cells in the adult lung that contribute to lower airway repair. Agents that promote the selective expansion of these cells might stimulate regeneration of the compromised alveolar epithelium, an etiology-defining event in several pulmonary diseases. From a high-content imaging screen of the drug repurposing library ReFRAME, we identified that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, widely used type 2 diabetes medications, selectively expand AEC2s and are broadly efficacious in several mouse models of lung damage. Mechanism of action studies revealed that the protease DPP4, in addition to processing incretin hormones, degrades IGF-1 and IL-6, essential regulators of AEC2 expansion whose levels are increased in the luminal compartment of the lung in response to drug treatment. To selectively target DPP4 in the lung with sufficient drug exposure, we developed NZ-97, a locally delivered, lung persistent DPP4 inhibitor that broadly promotes efficacy in mouse lung damage models with minimal peripheral exposure and good tolerability. This work reveals DPP4 as a central regulator of AEC2 expansion and affords a promising therapeutic approach to broadly stimulate regenerative repair in pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Shao
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Gregory P Specht
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Shaochen You
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Lirui Song
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Qiangwei Fu
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - David Huang
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Hengyao You
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Jian Shu
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Alain Domissy
- DNA Array Core, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Shuangwei Li
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | | | - Sean B Joseph
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | | | | | - Peter G Schultz
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Michael J Bollong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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10
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Chu L, Zhuo J, Huang H, Chen W, Zhong W, Zhang J, Meng X, Zou F, Cai S, Zou M, Dong H. Tetrandrine alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting alveolar epithelial cell senescence through PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176459. [PMID: 38438063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal and insidious interstitial lung disease. So far, there are no effective drugs for preventing the disease process. Cellular senescence plays a critical role in the development of IPF, with the senescence and insufficient mitophagy of alveolar epithelial cells being implicated in its pathogenesis. Tetrandrine is a natural alkaloid which is now produced synthetically. It was known that the tetrandrine has anti-fibrotic effects, but the efficacy and mechanisms are still not well evaluated. Here, we reveal the roles of tetrandrine on AECs senescence and the antifibrotic effects by using a bleomycin challenged mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis and a bleomycin-stimulated mouse alveolar epithelial cell line (MLE-12). We performed the β-galactosidase staining, immunohistochemistry and fluorescence to assess senescence in MLE-12 cells. The mitophagy levels were detected by co-localization of LC3 and COVIX. Our findings indicate that tetrandrine suppressed bleomycin-induced fibroblast activation and ultimately blocked the increase of collagen deposition in mouse model lung tissue. It has significantly inhibited the bleomycin-induced senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). Mechanistically, tetrandrine suppressed the decrease of mitochondrial autophagy-related protein expression to rescue the bleomycin-stimulated impaired mitophagy in MLE-12 cells. We revealed that knockdown the putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene by a short interfering RNA (siRNA) could abolish the ability of tetrandrine and reverse the MLE-12 cells senescence, which indicated the mitophagy of MLE-12 cells is PINK1 dependent. Our data suggest the tetrandrine could be a novel and effective drug candidate for lung fibrosis and senescence-related fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanhe Chu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhuo
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haohua Huang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimou Chen
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenshan Zhong
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Zou
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxi Cai
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengchen Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hangming Dong
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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11
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Cheng P, Chen Y, Wang J, Han Z, Hao D, Li Y, Feng F, Duan X, Chen H. PM 2.5 induces a senescent state in mouse AT2 cells. Environ Pollut 2024; 347:123686. [PMID: 38431248 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PM2.5 is known to induce lung injury, but its toxic effects on lung regenerative machinery and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, primary mouse alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, considered stem cells in the gas-exchange barrier, were sorted using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. By developing microfluidic technology with constricted microchannels, we observed that both passage time and impedance opacities of mouse AT2 cells were reduced after PM2.5, indicating that PM2.5 induced a more deformable mechanical property and a higher membrane permeability. In vitro organoid cultures of primary mouse AT2 cells indicated that PM2.5 is able to impair the proliferative potential and self-renewal capacity of AT2 cells but does not affect AT1 differentiation. Furthermore, cell senescence biomarkers, p53 and γ-H2A.X at protein levels, P16ink4a and P21 at mRNA levels were increased in primary mouse AT2 cells after PM2.5 stimulations as shown by immunofluorescent staining and quantitative PCR analysis. Using several advanced single-cell technologies, this study sheds light on new mechanisms of the cytotoxic effects of atmospheric fine particulate matter on lung stem cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyong Cheng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yongqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instrument, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jianhai Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ziyu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instrument, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - De Hao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, Zhengzhou University School of Public Health, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instrument, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Tianjin University Medicine, Tianjin, 300350, China; College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China.
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12
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Jiao T, Huang Y, Sun H, Yang L. Research progress of post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:257. [PMID: 38605011 PMCID: PMC11009241 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly worldwide and infected hundreds of millions of people worldwide. With the increasing number of COVID-19 patients discharged from hospitals, the emergence of its associated complications, sequelae, has become a new global health crisis secondary to acute infection. For the time being, such complications and sequelae are collectively called "Post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)", also referred to as "long COVID" syndrome. Similar to the acute infection period of COVID-19, there is also heterogeneity in PASC. This article reviews the various long-term complications and sequelae observed in multiple organ systems caused by COVID-19, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of PASC, aiming to raise awareness of PASC and optimize management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwei Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China.
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China.
- Department of International Physical Examination Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China.
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13
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Kumar N, Prakash PG, Wentland C, Kurian SM, Jethva G, Brinkmann V, Mollenkopf HJ, Krammer T, Toussaint C, Saliba AE, Biebl M, Jürgensen C, Wiedenmann B, Meyer TF, Gurumurthy RK, Chumduri C. Decoding spatiotemporal transcriptional dynamics and epithelial fibroblast crosstalk during gastroesophageal junction development through single cell analysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3064. [PMID: 38594232 PMCID: PMC11004180 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastroesophageal squamocolumnar junction (GE-SCJ) is a critical tissue interface between the esophagus and stomach, with significant relevance in the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal diseases. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying GE-SCJ development remain unclear. Using single-cell transcriptomics, organoids, and spatial analysis, we examine the cellular heterogeneity and spatiotemporal dynamics of GE-SCJ development from embryonic to adult mice. We identify distinct transcriptional states and signaling pathways in the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments of the esophagus and stomach during development. Fibroblast-epithelial interactions are mediated by various signaling pathways, including WNT, BMP, TGF-β, FGF, EGF, and PDGF. Our results suggest that fibroblasts predominantly send FGF and TGF-β signals to the epithelia, while epithelial cells mainly send PDGF and EGF signals to fibroblasts. We observe differences in the ligands and receptors involved in cell-cell communication between the esophagus and stomach. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying GE-SCJ development and fibroblast-epithelial crosstalk involved, paving the way to elucidate mechanisms during adaptive metaplasia development and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Laboratory of Infections, Carcinogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Biotechnology Section, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Gaurav Jethva
- Department of Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Brinkmann
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Krammer
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christophe Toussaint
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
- University of Würzburg, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Biebl
- Surgical Clinic Campus Charité Mitte, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Jürgensen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertram Wiedenmann
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas F Meyer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rajendra Kumar Gurumurthy
- Department of Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cindrilla Chumduri
- Laboratory of Infections, Carcinogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Biotechnology Section, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Basil MC, Alysandratos KD, Kotton DN, Morrisey EE. Lung repair and regeneration: Advanced models and insights into human disease. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:439-454. [PMID: 38492572 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The respiratory system acts as both the primary site of gas exchange and an important sensor and barrier to the external environment. The increase in incidences of respiratory disease over the past decades has highlighted the importance of developing improved therapeutic approaches. This review will summarize recent research on the cellular complexity of the mammalian respiratory system with a focus on gas exchange and immunological defense functions of the lung. Different models of repair and regeneration will be discussed to help interpret human and animal data and spur the investigation of models and assays for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Basil
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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15
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Li J, He S, Yang H, Zhang L, Xiao J, Liang C, Liu S. The Main Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Treatments against COVID-19. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024:10.1007/s13770-024-00633-5. [PMID: 38573476 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a clinical manifestation of hypoxic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, COVID-19 still lacks of effective clinical treatments so far. As a promising potential treatment against COVID-19, stem cell therapy raised recently and had attracted much attention. Here we review the mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell-based treatments against COVID-19, and provide potential cues for the effective control of COVID-19 in the future. METHODS Literature is obtained from databases PubMed and Web of Science. Key words were chosen for COVID- 19, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell therapy, and therapeutic mechanism. Then we summarize and critically analyze the relevant articles retrieved. RESULTS Mesenchymal stem cell therapy is a potential effective treatment against COVID-19. Its therapeutic efficacy is mainly reflected in reducing severe pulmonary inflammation, reducing lung injury, improving pulmonary function, protecting and repairing lung tissue of the patients. Possible therapeutic mechanisms might include immunoregulation, anti-inflammatory effect, tissue regeneration, anti-apoptosis effect, antiviral, and antibacterial effect, MSC - EVs, and so on. CONCLUSION Mesenchymal stem cells can effectively treat COVID-19 through immunoregulation, anti-inflammatory, tissue regeneration, anti-apoptosis, anti-virus and antibacterial, MSC - EVs, and other ways. Systematically elucidating the mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell-based treatments for COVID-19 will provide novel insights into the follow-up research and development of new therapeutic strategies in next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Li
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine Center, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shipei He
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizeai Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyi Liang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Shi X, Chen Y, Shi M, Gao F, Huang L, Wang W, Wei D, Shi C, Yu Y, Xia X, Song N, Chen X, Distler JHW, Lu C, Chen J, Wang J. The novel molecular mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis: insight into lipid metabolism from reanalysis of single-cell RNA-seq databases. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:98. [PMID: 38570797 PMCID: PMC10988923 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a severe pulmonary disease with limited available therapeutic choices. Recent evidence increasingly points to abnormal lipid metabolism as a critical factor in PF pathogenesis. Our latest research identifies the dysregulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a new risk factor for PF, contributing to alveolar epithelial and endothelial cell damage, and fibroblast activation. In this study, we first integrative summarize the published literature about lipid metabolite changes found in PF, including phospholipids, glycolipids, steroids, fatty acids, triglycerides, and lipoproteins. We then reanalyze two single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets of PF, and the corresponding lipid metabolomic genes responsible for these lipids' biosynthesis, catabolism, transport, and modification processes are uncovered. Intriguingly, we found that macrophage is the most active cell type in lipid metabolism, with almost all lipid metabolic genes being altered in macrophages of PF. In type 2 alveolar epithelial cells, lipid metabolic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are primarily associated with the cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol pathway, cholesterol metabolism, and triglyceride synthesis. Endothelial cells are partly responsible for sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamines reprogramming as their metabolic genes are dysregulated in PF. Fibroblasts may contribute to abnormal cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine metabolism in PF. Therefore, the reprogrammed lipid profiles in PF may be attributed to the aberrant expression of lipid metabolic genes in different cell types. Taken together, these insights underscore the potential of targeting lipid metabolism in developing innovative therapeutic strategies, potentially leading to extended overall survival in individuals affected by PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahui Chen
- Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengkun Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lihao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chenyi Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuexin Yu
- Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Xia
- Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nana Song
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Chenqi Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
- Center for Lung Transplantation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jiucun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Huang CW, Lee SY, Du CX, Wu ST, Kuo YH, Ku HC. Caffeic acid ethanolamide induces antifibrosis, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects protects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116298. [PMID: 38394850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive interstitial lung disease; its cause is unknown, and it leads to notable health problems. Currently, only two drugs are recommended for IPF treatment. Although these drugs can mitigate lung function decline, neither can improve nor stabilize IPF or the symptoms perceived by patients. Therefore, the development of novel treatment options for pulmonary fibrosis is required. The present study investigated the effects of a novel compound, caffeic acid ethanolamide (CAEA), on human pulmonary fibroblasts and evaluated its potential to mitigate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. CAEA inhibited TGF-β-induced α-SMA and collagen expression in human pulmonary fibroblasts, indicating that CAEA prevents fibroblasts from differentiating into myofibroblasts following TGF-β exposure. In animal studies, CAEA treatment efficiently suppressed immune cell infiltration and the elevation of TNF-α and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, CAEA exerted antioxidant effects by recovering the enzymatic activities of oxidant scavengers. CAEA directly inhibited activation of TGF-β receptors and protected against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis through inhibition of the TGF-β/SMAD/CTGF signaling pathway. The protective effect of CAEA was comparable to that of pirfenidone, a clinically available drug. Our findings support the potential of CAEA as a viable method for preventing the progression of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Huang
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Xuan Du
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Tung Wu
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Ku
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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18
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Mao R, Yang Y, Zheng L, Liang X, Jia Y, Shao Y. Role of circPSEN1 in carbon black and cadmium co-exposure induced autophagy-dependent ferroptosis in respiratory epithelial cells. Environ Pollut 2024; 346:123562. [PMID: 38365078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Carbon black and cadmium (Cd) are important components of atmospheric particulate matter and cigarette smoke that are closely associated with the occurrence and development of lung diseases. Carbon black, particularly carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs), can easily adsorbs metals and cause severe lung damage and even cell death. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the combined toxicity of CBNPs and Cd. We found that the combined exposure to CBNPs and Cd promoted significantly greater autophagosome formation and ferroptosis (increased malonaldehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and divalent iron ions (Fe2+) levels and altered ferroptosis-related proteins) compared with single exposure in both 16HBE cells (human bronchial epithelioid cells) and mouse lung tissues. The levels of ferroptosis proteins, transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFRC) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), were restored by CBNPs-Cd exposure following treatment with a 3-MA inhibitor. Additionally, under CBNPs-Cd exposure, circPSEN1 overexpression inhibited increases in the autophagy proteins microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3II/I) and sequestosome-1 (P62). Moreover, increases in TFRC and Fe2+, and decreases in GPX4were inhibited. Knockdown of circPSEN1 reversed these effects. circPSEN1 interacts with autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) protein and upregulates nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), the co-interacting protein of ATG5, thereby degrading ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) and increasing Fe2+ in 16HBE cells. These results indicated that the combined exposure to CBNPs and Cd promoted the binding of circPSEN1 to ATG5, thereby increasing autophagosome synthesis and ATG5-NCOA4-FTH1 axis activation, ultimately inducing autophagy-dependent ferroptosis in 16HBE cells and mouse lung tissues. This study provides novel insights into the toxic effects of CBNPs and Cd in mixed pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulin Mao
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yusi Yang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Liting Zheng
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaohong Liang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China; School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yueting Shao
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China; School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Perdijk O, Azzoni R, Marsland BJ. The microbiome: an integral player in immune homeostasis and inflammation in the respiratory tract. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:835-879. [PMID: 38059886 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00020.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The last decade of microbiome research has highlighted its fundamental role in systemic immune and metabolic homeostasis. The microbiome plays a prominent role during gestation and into early life, when maternal lifestyle factors shape immune development of the newborn. Breast milk further shapes gut colonization, supporting the development of tolerance to commensal bacteria and harmless antigens while preventing outgrowth of pathogens. Environmental microbial and lifestyle factors that disrupt this process can dysregulate immune homeostasis, predisposing infants to atopic disease and childhood asthma. In health, the low-biomass lung microbiome, together with inhaled environmental microbial constituents, establishes the immunological set point that is necessary to maintain pulmonary immune defense. However, in disease perturbations to immunological and physiological processes allow the upper respiratory tract to act as a reservoir of pathogenic bacteria, which can colonize the diseased lung and cause severe inflammation. Studying these host-microbe interactions in respiratory diseases holds great promise to stratify patients for suitable treatment regimens and biomarker discovery to predict disease progression. Preclinical studies show that commensal gut microbes are in a constant flux of cell division and death, releasing microbial constituents, metabolic by-products, and vesicles that shape the immune system and can protect against respiratory diseases. The next major advances may come from testing and utilizing these microbial factors for clinical benefit and exploiting the predictive power of the microbiome by employing multiomics analysis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Perdijk
- Department of Immunology, School of Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rossana Azzoni
- Department of Immunology, School of Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Marsland
- Department of Immunology, School of Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Caballero-Sánchez N, Alonso-Alonso S, Nagy L. Regenerative inflammation: When immune cells help to re-build tissues. FEBS J 2024; 291:1597-1614. [PMID: 36440547 PMCID: PMC10225019 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential immune response critical for responding to infection, injury and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Upon injury, regenerative inflammation promotes tissue repair by a timed and coordinated infiltration of diverse cell types and the secretion of growth factors, cytokines and lipids mediators. Remarkably, throughout evolution as well as mammalian development, this type of physiological inflammation is highly associated with immunosuppression. For instance, regenerative inflammation is the consequence of an in situ macrophage polarization resulting in a transition from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory/pro-regenerative response. Immune cells are the first responders upon injury, infiltrating the damaged tissue and initiating a pro-inflammatory response depleting cell debris and necrotic cells. After phagocytosis, macrophages undergo multiple coordinated metabolic and transcriptional changes allowing the transition and dictating the initiation of the regenerative phase. Differences between a highly efficient, complete ad integrum tissue repair, such as, acute skeletal muscle injury, and insufficient regenerative inflammation, as the one developing in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), highlight the importance of a coordinated response orchestrated by immune cells. During regenerative inflammation, these cells interact with others and alter the niche, affecting the character of inflammation itself and, therefore, the progression of tissue repair. Comparing acute muscle injury and chronic inflammation in DMD, we review how the same cells and molecules in different numbers, concentration and timing contribute to very different outcomes. Thus, it is important to understand and identify the distinct functions and secreted molecules of macrophages, and potentially other immune cells, during tissue repair, and the contributors to the macrophage switch leveraging this knowledge in treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Caballero-Sánchez
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nuclear Receptor Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sergio Alonso-Alonso
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laszlo Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nuclear Receptor Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
- Departments Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, Florida, USA
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21
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Tomasicchio M, Jaumdally S, Wilson L, Kotze A, Semple L, Meier S, Pooran A, Esmail A, Pillay K, Roberts R, Kriel R, Meldau R, Oelofse S, Mandviwala C, Burns J, Londt R, Davids M, van der Merwe C, Roomaney A, Kühn L, Perumal T, Scott AJ, Hale MJ, Baillie V, Mahtab S, Williamson C, Joseph R, Sigal A, Joubert I, Piercy J, Thomson D, Fredericks DL, Miller MGA, Nunes MC, Madhi SA, Dheda K. SARS-CoV-2 Viral Replication Persists in the Human Lung for Several Weeks after Symptom Onset. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:840-851. [PMID: 38226855 PMCID: PMC10995573 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202308-1438oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: In the upper respiratory tract, replicating (culturable) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is recoverable for ∼4-8 days after symptom onset, but there is a paucity of data about the frequency and duration of replicating virus in the lower respiratory tract (i.e., the human lung).Objectives: We undertook lung tissue sampling (needle biopsy) shortly after death in 42 mechanically ventilated decedents during the Beta and Delta waves. An independent group of 18 ambulatory patients served as a control group.Methods: Lung biopsy cores from decedents underwent viral culture, histopathological analysis, electron microscopy, transcriptomic profiling, and immunohistochemistry.Measurements and Main Results: Thirty-eight percent (16 of 42) of mechanically ventilated decedents had culturable virus in the lung for a median of 15 days (persisting for up to 4 wk) after symptom onset. Lung viral culture positivity was not associated with comorbidities or steroid use. Delta but not Beta variant lung culture positivity was associated with accelerated death and secondary bacterial infection (P < 0.05). Nasopharyngeal culture was negative in 23.1% (6 of 26) of decedents despite lung culture positivity. This hitherto undescribed biophenotype of lung-specific persisting viral replication was associated with an enhanced transcriptomic pulmonary proinflammatory response but with concurrent viral culture positivity.Conclusions: Concurrent rather than sequential active viral replication continues to drive a heightened proinflammatory response in the human lung beyond the second week of illness and was associated with variant-specific increased mortality and morbidity. These findings have potential implications for the design of interventional strategies and clinical management of patients with severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tomasicchio
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Shameem Jaumdally
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Lindsay Wilson
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Andrea Kotze
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Lynn Semple
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Stuart Meier
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Anil Pooran
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Aliasgar Esmail
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Komala Pillay
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, and
| | - Riyaadh Roberts
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, and
| | - Raymond Kriel
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, and
| | - Richard Meldau
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Suzette Oelofse
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Carley Mandviwala
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Jessica Burns
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Rolanda Londt
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Malika Davids
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Charnay van der Merwe
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Aqeedah Roomaney
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Louié Kühn
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Tahlia Perumal
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | - Alex J. Scott
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
| | | | - Vicky Baillie
- South African Medical Research Council, Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, and
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sana Mahtab
- South African Medical Research Council, Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, and
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Alex Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa; and
| | - Ivan Joubert
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jenna Piercy
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David Thomson
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David L. Fredericks
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Malcolm G. A. Miller
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marta C. Nunes
- South African Medical Research Council, Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, and
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Centre of Excellence in Respiratory Pathogens, Hospices Civils de Lyon and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Équipe Santé Publique, Épidémiologie et Écologie Évolutive des Maladies Infectieuses, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard – Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Shabir A. Madhi
- South African Medical Research Council, Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, and
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Keertan Dheda
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and UCT Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African MRC Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Eligulashvili A, Gordon M, Lee JS, Lee J, Mehrotra-Varma S, Mehrotra-Varma J, Hsu K, Hilliard I, Lee K, Li A, Essibayi MA, Yee J, Altschul DJ, Eskandar E, Mehler MF, Duong TQ. Long-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 with and without neurological involvement: 3-year follow-up assessment. PLoS Med 2024; 21:e1004263. [PMID: 38573873 PMCID: PMC10994395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute neurological manifestation is a common complication of acute Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. This retrospective cohort study investigated the 3-year outcomes of patients with and without significant neurological manifestations during initial COVID-19 hospitalization. METHODS AND FINDINGS Patients hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection between 03/01/2020 and 4/16/2020 in the Montefiore Health System in the Bronx, an epicenter of the early pandemic, were included. Follow-up data was captured up to 01/23/2023 (3 years post-COVID-19). This cohort consisted of 414 patients with COVID-19 with significant neurological manifestations and 1,199 propensity-matched patients (for age and COVID-19 severity score) with COVID-19 without neurological manifestations. Neurological involvement during the acute phase included acute stroke, new or recrudescent seizures, anatomic brain lesions, presence of altered mentation with evidence for impaired cognition or arousal, and neuro-COVID-19 complex (headache, anosmia, ageusia, chemesthesis, vertigo, presyncope, paresthesias, cranial nerve abnormalities, ataxia, dysautonomia, and skeletal muscle injury with normal orientation and arousal signs). There were no significant group differences in female sex composition (44.93% versus 48.21%, p = 0.249), ICU and IMV status, white, not Hispanic (6.52% versus 7.84%, p = 0.380), and Hispanic (33.57% versus 38.20%, p = 0.093), except black non-Hispanic (42.51% versus 36.03%, p = 0.019). Primary outcomes were mortality, stroke, heart attack, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), reinfection, and hospital readmission post-discharge. Secondary outcomes were neuroimaging findings (hemorrhage, active and prior stroke, mass effect, microhemorrhages, white matter changes, microvascular disease (MVD), and volume loss). More patients in the neurological cohort were discharged to acute rehabilitation (10.39% versus 3.34%, p < 0.001) or skilled nursing facilities (35.75% versus 25.35%, p < 0.001) and fewer to home (50.24% versus 66.64%, p < 0.001) than matched controls. Incidence of readmission for any reason (65.70% versus 60.72%, p = 0.036), stroke (6.28% versus 2.34%, p < 0.001), and MACE (20.53% versus 16.51%, p = 0.032) was higher in the neurological cohort post-discharge. Per Kaplan-Meier univariate survival curve analysis, such patients in the neurological cohort were more likely to die post-discharge compared to controls (hazard ratio: 2.346, (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.586, 3.470]; p < 0.001)). Across both cohorts, the major causes of death post-discharge were heart disease (13.79% neurological, 15.38% control), sepsis (8.63%, 17.58%), influenza and pneumonia (13.79%, 9.89%), COVID-19 (10.34%, 7.69%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (10.34%, 6.59%). Factors associated with mortality after leaving the hospital involved the neurological cohort (odds ratio (OR): 1.802 (95% CI [1.237, 2.608]; p = 0.002)), discharge disposition (OR: 1.508 (95% CI [1.276, 1.775]; p < 0.001)), congestive heart failure (OR: 2.281 (95% CI [1.429, 3.593]; p < 0.001)), higher COVID-19 severity score (OR: 1.177 (95% CI [1.062, 1.304]; p = 0.002)), and older age (OR: 1.027 (95% CI [1.010, 1.044]; p = 0.002)). There were no group differences in radiological findings, except that the neurological cohort showed significantly more age-adjusted brain volume loss (p = 0.045) than controls. The study's patient cohort was limited to patients infected with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic, when hospitals were overburdened, vaccines were not yet available, and treatments were limited. Patient profiles might differ when interrogating subsequent waves. CONCLUSIONS Patients with COVID-19 with neurological manifestations had worse long-term outcomes compared to matched controls. These findings raise awareness and the need for closer monitoring and timely interventions for patients with COVID-19 with neurological manifestations, as their disease course involving initial neurological manifestations is associated with enhanced morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Eligulashvili
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Moshe Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Jimmy S. Lee
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeylin Lee
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Shiv Mehrotra-Varma
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Jai Mehrotra-Varma
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Kevin Hsu
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Imanyah Hilliard
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Kristen Lee
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Arleen Li
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Muhammed Amir Essibayi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Judy Yee
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - David J. Altschul
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Emad Eskandar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark F. Mehler
- Department of Neurology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Tim Q. Duong
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
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Mizuno T, Nagano F, Takahashi K, Yamada S, Fruhashi K, Maruyama S, Tsuboi N. Macrophage-1 antigen exacerbates histone-induced acute lung injury and promotes neutrophil extracellular trap formation. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:574-583. [PMID: 38360057 PMCID: PMC10988669 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), which occurs in association with sepsis, trauma, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a serious clinical condition with high mortality. Excessive platelet-leukocyte aggregate (PLA) formation promotes neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release and thrombosis, which are involved in various diseases, including ALI. Macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1, CD11b/CD18), which is expressed on the surface of leukocytes, is known to promote NET formation. This study aimed to elucidate the role of Mac-1 in extracellular histone-induced ALI. Exogenous histones were administered to Mac-1-deficient mice and wild-type (WT) mice with or without neutrophil or platelet depletion, and several parameters were investigated 1 h after histone injection. Depletion of neutrophils or platelets improved survival time and macroscopic and microscopic properties of lung tissues, and decreased platelet-leukocyte formation and plasma myeloperoxidase levels. These improvements were also observed in Mac-1-/- mice. NET formation in Mac-1-/- bone marrow neutrophils (BMNs) was significantly lower than that in WT BMNs. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Mac-1 is associated with exacerbation of histone-induced ALI and the promotion of NET formation in the presence of activated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Mizuno
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and InformaticsFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Fumihiko Nagano
- Department of NephrologyNagoya University School of MedicineJapan
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- Department of Biomedical Molecular SciencesFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Shigeki Yamada
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and InformaticsFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | | | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of NephrologyNagoya University School of MedicineJapan
| | - Naotake Tsuboi
- Department of NephrologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
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24
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Tong QY, Pang MJ, Hu XH, Huang XZ, Sun JX, Wang XY, Burclaff J, Mills JC, Wang ZN, Miao ZF. Gastric intestinal metaplasia: progress and remaining challenges. J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:285-301. [PMID: 38242996 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Most gastric cancers arise in the setting of chronic inflammation which alters gland organization, such that acid-pumping parietal cells are lost, and remaining cells undergo metaplastic change in differentiation patterns. From a basic science perspective, recent progress has been made in understanding how atrophy and initial pyloric metaplasia occur. However, pathologists and cancer biologists have long been focused on the development of intestinal metaplasia patterns in this setting. Arguably, much less progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that lead to the intestinalization seen in chronic atrophic gastritis and pyloric metaplasia. One plausible explanation for this disparity lies in the notable absence of reliable and reproducible small animal models within the field, which would facilitate the investigation of the mechanisms underlying the development of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM). This review offers an in-depth exploration of the current state of research in GIM, shedding light on its pivotal role in tumorigenesis. We delve into the histological subtypes of GIM and explore their respective associations with tumor formation. We present the current repertoire of biomarkers utilized to delineate the origins and progression of GIM and provide a comprehensive survey of the available, albeit limited, mouse lines employed for modeling GIM and engage in a discussion regarding potential cell lineages that serve as the origins of GIM. Finally, we expound upon the myriad signaling pathways recognized for their activity in GIM and posit on their potential overlap and interactions that contribute to the ultimate manifestation of the disease phenotype. Through our exhaustive review of the progression from gastric disease to GIM, we aim to establish the groundwork for future research endeavors dedicated to elucidating the etiology of GIM and developing strategies for its prevention and treatment, considering its potential precancerous nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yue Tong
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Min-Jiao Pang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Hai Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuan-Zhang Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing-Xu Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Joseph Burclaff
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Departments of Pathology and Immunology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Miao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
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Reimann M, Lee S, Schmitt CA. Cellular senescence: Neither irreversible nor reversible. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232136. [PMID: 38385946 PMCID: PMC10883852 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a critical stress response program implicated in embryonic development, wound healing, aging, and immunity, and it backs up apoptosis as an ultimate cell-cycle exit mechanism. In analogy to replicative exhaustion of telomere-eroded cells, premature types of senescence-referring to oncogene-, therapy-, or virus-induced senescence-are widely considered irreversible growth arrest states as well. We discuss here that entry into full-featured senescence is not necessarily a permanent endpoint, but dependent on essential maintenance components, potentially transient. Unlike a binary state switch, we view senescence with its extensive epigenomic reorganization, profound cytomorphological remodeling, and distinctive metabolic rewiring rather as a journey toward a full-featured arrest condition of variable strength and depth. Senescence-underlying maintenance-essential molecular mechanisms may allow cell-cycle reentry if not continuously provided. Importantly, senescent cells that resumed proliferation fundamentally differ from those that never entered senescence, and hence would not reflect a reversion but a dynamic progression to a post-senescent state that comes with distinct functional and clinically relevant ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Reimann
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Johannes Kepler University , Linz, Austria
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Johannes Kepler University , Linz, Austria
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association , Berlin, Germany
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Long T, Wu W, Wang X, Chen M. TPR is a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target associated with immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2024; 20:27. [PMID: 38414509 PMCID: PMC10895467 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2024.2725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. In the present study, it was demonstrated that translocated promoter region (TPR) was upregulated in tumor tissues and associated with prognosis and immune infiltration in HCC. The clinical outcome of patients with HCC with aberrant expression of TPR was examined using multiple databases, including Gene Expression Omnibus, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression, Kaplan-Meier (KM) Plotter and Xiantao tool. The clinicopathologic characteristics of patients from TCGA database that were associated with overall survival were assessed using Cox regression and KM analysis. The potential hallmarks associated with TPR expression were further predicted by Metascape and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and the relationship between TPR and immune infiltration was explored using the Tumor-Immune System Interactions Database and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource. The results demonstrated that TPR expression was higher in HCC and its overexpression was associated with a worse prognosis, alongside a correlation with several clinical features. Furthermore, cell differentiation, a prospective new hallmark of cancer, was differentially enriched in the high TPR expression phenotype pathway. Moreover, TPR may also modulate the tumor immune microenvironment as it was significantly associated with immunoregulators and chemokines, as well as different tumor infiltration immune cells. According to the in vitro experiments, TPR silencing inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and the proliferation of HCC cells. In summary, TPR may be a new marker and target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Minshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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Mei L, Long J, Wu S, Mei M, Mei D, Qiu H. APOC1 reduced anti-PD-1 immunotherapy of nonsmall cell lung cancer via the transformation of M2 into M1 macrophages by ferroptosis by NRF2/HO-1. Anticancer Drugs 2024; 35:333-343. [PMID: 38241194 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The treatment strategy for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has always been a hot topic of concern, and its treatment strategies are also emerging. This experiment wants to know the effects of apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) in immunotherapy of NSCLC. APOC1 mRNA and protein expression were upregulated in lung cancer tissue of patients with NSCLC. programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) mRNA expression was negatively correlated with PD-1 mRNA expression in patients. The survival rate of APOC1 high expression was lower than that of low expression in patients with NSCLC. APOC1 gene reduced the transformation of M2 into M1 macrophages (TMMM). APOC1 gene promoted cell growth, and the gene reduced ferroptosis of NSCLC. APOC1-induced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (NRF2/HO-1) signaling pathway. Sh-APOC1 gene reduced cell growth in mice of NSCLC through the inhibition of NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway. The inhibition of NRF2 reduced the TMMM by APOC1. The activation of NRF2 reduced the TMMM by si-APOC1. In conclusion, APOC1 reduced anti-PD-1 immunotherapy of NSCLC via the TMMM by ferroptosis by NRF2/HO-1, suggesting that targeting this mechanism of APOC1 may be a feasible strategy for anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langhua Mei
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi First People's Hospital
| | - Jian Long
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi First People's Hospital
| | | | - Meie Mei
- Department of Nursing, Jiangxi College Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou City, China
| | | | - Huaping Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi First People's Hospital
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28
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Argüero J, Sifrim D. Pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: implications for diagnosis and management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:282-293. [PMID: 38177402 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in which retrograde flow of gastric content into the oesophagus causes uncomfortable symptoms and/or complications. It has a multifactorial and partially understood pathophysiology. GERD starts in the stomach, where the refluxate material is produced. Following the trajectory of reflux, the failure of the antireflux barrier, primarily the lower oesophageal sphincter and the crural diaphragm, enables the refluxate to reach the oesophageal lumen, triggering oesophageal or extra-oesophageal symptoms. Reflux clearance mechanisms such as primary and secondary peristalsis and the arrival of bicarbonate-rich saliva are critical to prevent mucosal damage. Alterations of the oesophageal mucosal integrity, such as macroscopic oesophagitis or microscopic changes, determine the perception of symptoms. The intensity of the symptoms is affected by peripheral and central neural and psychological mechanisms. In this Review, we describe an updated understanding of the complex and multifactorial pathophysiology of GERD. It is now recognized that different GERD phenotypes have different degrees of reflux, severity of mucosal integrity damage and type, and severity of symptoms. These variations are probably due to the occurrence of a predominant pathophysiological mechanism in each patient. We also describe the main pathophysiological mechanisms of GERD and their implications for personalized diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Argüero
- Neurogastroenterology section of Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Sifrim
- Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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29
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Huang W, Fu G, Wang Y, Chen C, Luo Y, Yan Q, Liu Y, Mao C. Immunometabolic reprogramming of macrophages with inhalable CRISPR/Cas9 nanotherapeutics for acute lung injury intervention. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00168-5. [PMID: 38570107 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) represents a critical respiratory condition typified by rapid-onset lung inflammation, contributing to elevated morbidity and mortality rates. Central to ALI pathogenesis lies macrophage dysfunction, characterized by an overabundance of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a shift in metabolic activity towards glycolysis. This study emphasizes the crucial function of glucose metabolism in immune cell function under inflammatory conditions and identifies hexokinase 2 (HK2) as a key regulator of macrophage metabolism and inflammation. Given the limitations of HK2 inhibitors, we propose the CRISPR/Cas9 system for precise HK2 downregulation. We developed an aerosolized core-shell liposomal nanoplatform (CSNs) complexed with CaP for efficient drug loading, targeting lung macrophages. Various CSNs were synthesized to encapsulate an mRNA based CRISPR/Cas9 system (mCas9/gHK2), and their gene editing efficiency and HK2 knockout were examined at both gene and protein levels in vitro and in vivo. The CSN-mCas9/gHK2 treatment demonstrated a significant reduction in glycolysis and inflammation in macrophages. In an LPS-induced ALI mouse model, inhaled CSN-mCas9/gHK2 mitigated the proinflammatory tumor microenvironment and reprogrammed glucose metabolism in the lung, suggesting a promising strategy for ALI prevention and treatment. This study highlights the potential of combining CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing with inhalation delivery systems for effective, localized pulmonary disease treatment, underscoring the importance of targeted gene modulation and metabolic reprogramming in managing ALI. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study investigates an inhalable CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system targeting pulmonary macrophages, with the aim of modulating glucose metabolism to alleviate Acute Lung Injury (ALI). The research highlights the role of immune cell metabolism in inflammation, as evidenced by changes in macrophage glucose metabolism and a notable reduction in pulmonary edema and inflammation. Additionally, observed alterations in macrophage polarization and cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid suggest potential therapeutic implications. These findings not only offer insights into possible ALI treatments but also contribute to the understanding of immune cell metabolism in inflammatory diseases, which could be relevant for various inflammatory and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Gaohong Fu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, PR China
| | - Yangeng Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, PR China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, PR China
| | - Yilan Luo
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, PR China
| | - Qiaoqiao Yan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Chengqiong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China.
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30
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Gao FF, Chen DQ, Jiang YT, Han CF, Lin BY, Yang Z, Quan JH, Xiong YH, Chen XT. Functional roles of circular RNAs in lung injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1354806. [PMID: 38601461 PMCID: PMC11004487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1354806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung injury leads to respiratory dysfunction, low quality of life, and even life-threatening conditions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs produced by selective RNA splicing. Studies have reported their involvement in the progression of lung injury. Understanding the roles of circRNAs in lung injury may aid in elucidating the underlying mechanisms and provide new therapeutic targets. Thus, in this review, we aimed to summarize and discuss the characteristics and biological functions of circRNAs, and their roles in lung injury from existing research, to provide a theoretical basis for the use of circRNAs as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Gao
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Dian-Qing Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Armed Police Corps Hospital of Hebei, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yue-Tong Jiang
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Cui-Fei Han
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Bi-Yun Lin
- Biotissue Repository, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Biotissue Repository, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan-Hua Quan
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Huan Xiong
- Biotissue Repository, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Tian Chen
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Liu H, Li L, Lu R. ZIP transporters-regulated Zn 2+ homeostasis: A novel determinant of human diseases. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38530191 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
As an essential trace element for organisms, zinc participates in various physiological processes, such as RNA transcription, DNA replication, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. The destruction of zinc homeostasis is associated with various diseases. Zinc homeostasis is controlled by the cooperative action of zinc transporter proteins that are responsible for the influx and efflux of zinc. Zinc transporter proteins are mainly categorized into two families: Zrt/Irt-like protein (SLC39A/ZIP) family and zinc transporter (SLC30A/ZNT) family. ZIP transporters contain 14 members, namely ZIP1-14, which can be further divided into four subfamilies. Currently, ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis is one of the research hotspots. Cumulative evidence suggests that ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis may cause physiological dysfunction and contribute to the onset and progression of diverse diseases, such as cancers, neurological diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we initially discuss the structure and distribution of ZIP transporters. Furthermore, we comprehensively review the latest research progress of ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis in diseases, providing a new perspective into new therapeutic targets for treating related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Wang XJ, Chen JP, Qiao XW, Meng WY, Wang YW, Meng YC, Zhao R, Lin W, Liao YD, Xiao H, Mei PY. Diagnostic Value of GDF10 for the Tumorigenesis and Immune Infiltration in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Curr Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11596-023-2806-6. [PMID: 38517673 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2806-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is associated with a low survival rate. Evidence suggests that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and their receptors (BMPRs) play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and progression. However, a comprehensive analysis of their role in LUSC is lacking. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between BMPs/BMPRs expression levels and the tumorigenesis and prognosis of LUSC. METHODS The "R/Limma" package was utilized to analyze the differential expression characteristics of BMPs/BMPRs in LUSC, using data from TCGA, GTEx, and GEO databases. Concurrently, the "survminer" packages were employed to investigate their prognostic value and correlation with clinical features in LUSC. The core gene associated with LUSC progression was further explored through weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA). LASSO analysis was conducted to construct a prognostic risk model for LUSC. Clinical specimens were examined by immunohistochemical analysis to confirm the diagnostic value in LUSC. Furthermore, based on the tumor immune estimation resource database and tumor-immune system interaction database, the role of the core gene in the tumor microenvironment of LUSC was explored. RESULTS GDF10 had a significant correlation only with the pathological T stage of LUSC, and the protein expression level of GDF10 decreased with the tumorigenesis of LUSC. A prognostic risk model was constructed with GDF10 as the core gene and 5 hub genes (HRASLS, HIST1H2BH, FLRT3, CHEK2, and ALPL) for LUSC. GDF10 showed a significant positive correlation with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression. CONCLUSION GDF10 might serve as a diagnostic biomarker reflecting the tumorigenesis of LUSC and regulating the tumor immune microenvironment to guide more effective treatment for LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jia-Ping Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin-Wei Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wang-Yang Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yang-Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yun-Chong Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yong-de Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.
| | - Pei-Yuan Mei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Li Y, Hu H, Liu J, Ma L, Wang X, Liu L, Liu Q, Ren L, Li J, Deng F, Hu Z, Zhou Y, Wang M. Crucial role played by CK8 + cells in mediating alveolar injury remodeling for patients with COVID-19. Virol Sin 2024:S1995-820X(24)00033-6. [PMID: 38521412 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection and the occurrence of post-acute pulmonary sequelae have highlighted the importance of understanding the mechanism underlying lung repair after injury. To address this concern, comparative and systematic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 infection in COVID-19 patients and animals were conducted. In the lungs of nine patients who died of COVID-19 and one recovered from COVID-19 but died of unrelated disease in early 2020, damage-related transient progenitor (DATP) cells expressing CK8 marker proliferated significantly. These CK8+ DATP cells were derived from bronchial CK5+ basal cells. However, they showed different cell fate toward differentiation into type I alveolar cells in the deceased and convalescent patients, respectively. By using a self-limiting hamster infection model mimicking the dynamic process of lung injury remodeling in mild COVID-19 patients, the accumulation and regression of CK8+ cell marker were found to be closely associated with the disease course. Finally, we examined the autopsied lungs of two patients who died of infection by the recent Omicron variant and found that they only exhibited mild pathological injury with no CK8+ cell proliferation. These results indicate a clear pulmonary cell remodeling route and suggest that CK8+ DATP cells play a primary role in mediating alveolar remodeling, highlighting their potential applications as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hengrui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Longda Ma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Liang Ren
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yiwu Zhou
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430010, China.
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Li L, Zhang X, Wu Y, Xing C, Du H. Challenges of mesenchymal stem cells in the clinical treatment of COVID-19. Cell Tissue Res 2024:10.1007/s00441-024-03881-y. [PMID: 38512548 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has brought an enormous public health burden to the global society. The duration of the epidemic, the number of infected people, and the widespread of the epidemic are extremely rare in modern society. In the initial stage of infection, people generally show fever, cough, and dyspnea, which can lead to pneumonia, acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure, and even death in severe cases. The strong infectivity and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 make it more urgent to find an effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of pluripotent stem cells with the potential for self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation. They are widely used in clinical experiments because of their low immunogenicity and immunomodulatory function. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) can play a physiological role similar to that of stem cells. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, a series of clinical trials based on MSC therapy have been carried out. The results show that MSCs are safe and can significantly improve patients' respiratory function and prognosis of COVID-19. Here, the effects of MSCs and MSC-Exo in the treatment of COVID-19 are reviewed, and the clinical challenges that may be faced in the future are clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, No. 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, No. 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yawen Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, No. 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Cencan Xing
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Hongwu Du
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, No. 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Estrach S, Vivier CM, Féral CC. ECM and epithelial stem cells: the scaffold of destiny. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1359585. [PMID: 38572486 PMCID: PMC10987781 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1359585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells play a critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and promoting longevity. The intricate organization and presence of common markers among adult epithelial stem cells in the intestine, lung, and skin serve as hallmarks of these cells. The specific location pattern of these cells within their respective organs highlights the significance of the niche in which they reside. The extracellular matrix (ECM) not only provides physical support but also acts as a reservoir for various biochemical and biophysical signals. We will consider differences in proliferation, repair, and regenerative capacities of the three epithelia and review how environmental cues emerging from the niche regulate cell fate. These cues are transduced via mechanosignaling, regulating gene expression, and bring us to the concept of the fate scaffold. Understanding both the analogies and discrepancies in the mechanisms that govern stem cell fate in various organs can offer valuable insights for rejuvenation therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soline Estrach
- INSERM, CNRS, IRCAN, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
| | | | - Chloé C. Féral
- INSERM, CNRS, IRCAN, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
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36
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Zborowsky S, Seurat J, Balacheff Q, Minh CNN, Titécat M, Evrard E, Rodriguez-Gonzalez RA, Marchi J, Weitz JS, Debarbieux L. Macrophage-induced reduction of bacteriophage density limits the efficacy of in vivo pulmonary phage therapy. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.16.575879. [PMID: 38293203 PMCID: PMC10827109 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.16.575879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The rise of antimicrobial resistance has led to renewed interest in evaluating phage therapy. In murine models highly effective treatment of acute pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa relies on the synergistic antibacterial activity of bacteriophages with neutrophils. Here, we show that depletion of alveolar macrophages (AM) shortens the survival of mice without boosting the P. aeruginosa load in the lungs. Unexpectedly, upon bacteriophage treatment, pulmonary levels of P. aeruginosa were significantly lower in AM-depleted than in immunocompetent mice. To explore potential mechanisms underlying the benefit of AM-depletion in treated mice, we developed a mathematical model. Integration of model simulations suggest that AM reduce bacteriophage density in the lungs. We experimentally confirmed that the in vivo decay of phage is faster in immunocompetent compared to AM-depleted animals. These findings demonstrate the involvement of feedback between bacteriophage, bacteria, and the immune system in shaping the outcomes of phage therapy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Zborowsky
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jérémy Seurat
- Institut de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005, France
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Quentin Balacheff
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France
- CHU Felix Guyon, Service des maladies respiratoires, La Réunion, France
| | - Chau Nguyen Ngoc Minh
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Marie Titécat
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille 59000, France
| | - Emma Evrard
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France
| | - Rogelio A. Rodriguez-Gonzalez
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Quantitative Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA
| | - Jacopo Marchi
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park MD 20742, USA
| | - Joshua S. Weitz
- Institut de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005, France
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park MD 20742, USA
| | - Laurent Debarbieux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France
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Martins LR, Sieverling L, Michelhans M, Schiller C, Erkut C, Grünewald TGP, Triana S, Fröhling S, Velten L, Glimm H, Scholl C. Single-cell division tracing and transcriptomics reveal cell types and differentiation paths in the regenerating lung. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2246. [PMID: 38472236 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular and cellular processes involved in lung epithelial regeneration may fuel the development of therapeutic approaches for lung diseases. We combine mouse models allowing diphtheria toxin-mediated damage of specific epithelial cell types and parallel GFP-labeling of functionally dividing cells with single-cell transcriptomics to characterize the regeneration of the distal lung. We uncover cell types, including Krt13+ basal and Krt15+ club cells, detect an intermediate cell state between basal and goblet cells, reveal goblet cells as actively dividing progenitor cells, and provide evidence that adventitial fibroblasts act as supporting cells in epithelial regeneration. We also show that diphtheria toxin-expressing cells can persist in the lung, express specific inflammatory factors, and transcriptionally resemble a previously undescribed population in the lungs of COVID-19 patients. Our study provides a comprehensive single-cell atlas of the distal lung that characterizes early transcriptional and cellular responses to concise epithelial injury, encompassing proliferation, differentiation, and cell-to-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila R Martins
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lina Sieverling
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michelle Michelhans
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chiara Schiller
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital and Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cihan Erkut
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Translational Pediatric Sarcoma Research, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sergio Triana
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Medical Engineering and Sciences (IMES), and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, USA
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lars Velten
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hanno Glimm
- Department for Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), a partnership between DKFZ, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Translational Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK, partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Scholl
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Kazyken D, Dame SG, Wang C, Wadley M, Fingar DC. Unexpected roles for AMPK in the suppression of autophagy and the reactivation of mTORC1 signaling during prolonged amino acid deprivation. bioRxiv 2024:2023.12.20.572593. [PMID: 38187762 PMCID: PMC10769220 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
AMPK promotes catabolic and suppresses anabolic cell metabolism to promote cell survival during energetic stress, in part by inhibiting mTORC1, an anabolic kinase requiring sufficient levels of amino acids. We found that cells lacking AMPK displayed increased apoptotic cell death during nutrient stress caused by prolonged amino acid deprivation. We presumed that impaired autophagy explained this phenotype, as a prevailing view posits that AMPK initiates autophagy (often a pro-survival response) through phosphorylation of ULK1. Unexpectedly, however, autophagy remained unimpaired in cells lacking AMPK, as monitored by several autophagic readouts in several cell lines. More surprisingly, the absence of AMPK increased ULK1 signaling and LC3b lipidation during amino acid deprivation while AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of ULK1 S555 (a site proposed to initiate autophagy) decreased upon amino acid withdrawal or pharmacological mTORC1 inhibition. In addition, activation of AMPK with compound 991, glucose deprivation, or AICAR blunted autophagy induced by amino acid withdrawal. These results demonstrate that AMPK activation and glucose deprivation suppress autophagy. As AMPK controlled autophagy in an unexpected direction, we examined how AMPK controls mTORC1 signaling. Paradoxically, we observed impaired reactivation of mTORC1 in cells lacking AMPK upon prolonged amino acid deprivation. Together these results oppose established views that AMPK promotes autophagy and inhibits mTORC1 universally. Moreover, they reveal unexpected roles for AMPK in the suppression of autophagy and the support of mTORC1 signaling in the context of prolonged amino acid deprivation. These findings prompt a reevaluation of how AMPK and its control of autophagy and mTORC1 impact health and disease.
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Wang Q, Wen W, Zhou L, Liu F, Ren X, Yu L, Chen H, Jiang Z. LL-37 improves sepsis-induced acute lung injury by suppressing pyroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111580. [PMID: 38310763 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LL-37 (also known as murine CRAMP) is a human antimicrobial peptide that plays a crucial role in innate immune defence against sepsis through various mechanisms. However, its involvement in sepsis-induced lung injury remains unclear. OBJECTIVES This work investigates the impact of LL-37 on pyroptosis generated by LPS in alveolar epithelial cells. The research utilizes both in vivo and in vitro sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI) models to understand the underlying molecular pathways. METHODS In vivo, an acute lung injury model induced by sepsis was established by intratracheal administration of LPS in C57BL/6J mice, which were subsequently treated with low-dose CRAMP (recombinant murine cathelicidin, 2.5 mg.kg-1) and high-dose CRAMP (5.0 mg.kg-1). In vitro, pyroptosis was induced in a human alveolar epithelial cell line (A549) by stimulation with LPS and ATP. Treatment was carried out with recombinant human LL-37, or LL-37 was knocked out in A549 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Subsequently, haematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe the histopathological changes in lung tissues in the control group and sepsis-induced lung injury group. TUNEL and PI staining were used to observe DNA fragmentation and pyroptosis in mouse lung tissues and cells in the different groups. An lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was performed to measure the cell death rate. The expression levels of NLRP3, caspase1, caspase 1 p20, GSDMD, NT-GSDMD, and CRAMP were detected in mice and cells using Western blotting, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry. ELISA was used to assess the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in mouse serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue and cell culture supernatants. RESULTS The expression of NLRP3, caspase1 p20, NT-GSDMD, IL 18 and IL1β in the lung tissue of mice with septic lung injury was increased, which indicated activation of the canonical pyroptosis pathway and coincided with an increase in CRAMP expression. Treatment with recombinant CRAMP improved pyroptosis in mice with lung injury. In vitro, treatment with LPS and ATP upregulated these classic pyroptosis molecules, LL-37 knockdown exacerbated pyroptosis, and recombinant human LL-37 treatment alleviated pyroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that LL-37 protects against septic lung injury by modulating the expression of classic pyroptotic pathway components, including NLRP3, caspase1, and GSDMD and downstream inflammatory factors in alveolar epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhen Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Wei Wen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China; Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xiaoxu Ren
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Lifeng Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Huanqin Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, China
| | - Zhiming Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
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Li C, Feng X, Li S, He X, Luo Z, Cheng X, Yao J, Xiao J, Wang X, Wen D, Liu D, Li Y, Zhou H, Ma L, Lin T, Cai X, Lin Y, Guo L, Yang M. Tetrahedral DNA loaded siCCR2 restrains M1 macrophage polarization to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis in chemoradiation-induced murine model. Mol Ther 2024; 32:766-782. [PMID: 38273656 PMCID: PMC10928155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lethal disease in the absence of demonstrated efficacy for preventing progression. Although macrophage-mediated alveolitis is determined to participate in myofibrotic transition during disease development, the paradigm of continuous macrophage polarization is still under-explored due to lack of proper animal models. Here, by integrating 2.5 U/kg intratracheal Bleomycin administration and 10 Gy thorax irradiation at day 7, we generated a murine model with continuous alveolitis-mediated fibrosis, which mimics most of the clinical features of our involved IPF patients. In combination with data from scRNA-seq of patients and a murine IPF model, a decisive role of CCL2/CCR2 axis in driving M1 macrophage polarization was revealed, and M1 macrophage was further confirmed to boost alveolitis in leading myofibroblast activation. Multiple sticky-end tetrahedral framework nucleic acids conjunct with quadruple ccr2-siRNA (FNA-siCCR2) was synthesized in targeting M1 macrophages. FNA-siCCR2 successfully blocked macrophage accumulation in pulmonary parenchyma of the IPF murine model, thus preventing myofibroblast activation and leading to the disease remitting. Overall, our studies lay the groundwork to develop a novel IPF murine model, reveal M1 macrophages as potential therapeutic targets, and establish new treatment strategy by using FNA-siCCR2, which are highly relevant to clinical scenarios and translational research in the field of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaorong Feng
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Songhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xing He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Zeli Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Wenjiang Hospital of Sichuan Provincial People's, Chengdu 611138, China
| | - Xia Cheng
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dingke Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Duanya Liu
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tongyu Lin
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Mu Yang
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China.
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Conte C, Cipponeri E, Roden M. Diabetes Mellitus, Energy Metabolism, and COVID-19. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:281-308. [PMID: 37934800 PMCID: PMC10911957 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes mellitus (mostly type 2), and COVID-19 show mutual interactions because they are not only risk factors for both acute and chronic COVID-19 manifestations, but also because COVID-19 alters energy metabolism. Such metabolic alterations can lead to dysglycemia and long-lasting effects. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential for a further rise of the diabetes pandemic. This review outlines how preexisting metabolic alterations spanning from excess visceral adipose tissue to hyperglycemia and overt diabetes may exacerbate COVID-19 severity. We also summarize the different effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the key organs and tissues orchestrating energy metabolism, including adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas. Last, we provide an integrative view of the metabolic derangements that occur during COVID-19. Altogether, this review allows for better understanding of the metabolic derangements occurring when a fire starts from a small flame, and thereby help reducing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Conte
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome 00166, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan 20099, Italy
| | - Elisa Cipponeri
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan 20099, Italy
| | - Michael Roden
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
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Huang W, Wang L, Huang Z, Sun Z, Zheng B. Peroxiredoxin 3 has a crucial role in the macrophage polarization by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. Respir Res 2024; 25:110. [PMID: 38431661 PMCID: PMC10909251 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02739-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the life-threatening complications of sepsis, and macrophage polarization plays a crucial role in the sepsis-associated ALI. However, the regulatory mechanisms of macrophage polarization in ALI and in the development of inflammation are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that macrophage polarization occurs in sepsis-associated ALI and is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation, and a decrease of PRDX3 promotes the initiation of macrophage polarization and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mechanistically, PRDX3 overexpression promotes M1 macrophages to differentiate into M2 macrophages, and enhances mitochondrial functional recovery after injury by reducing the level of glycolysis and increasing TCA cycle activity. In conclusion, we identified PRDX3 as a critical hub integrating oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic reprogramming in macrophage polarization. The findings illustrate an adaptive mechanism underlying the link between macrophage polarization and sepsis-associated ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianfang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangxi Hospital Division of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- Dongguan Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhichao Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bojun Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Yao Y, Miethe S, Kattler K, Colakoglu B, Walter J, Schneider-Daum N, Herr C, Garn H, Ritzmann F, Bals R, Beisswenger C. Mutual Regulation of Transcriptomes between Murine Pneumocytes and Fibroblasts Mediates Alveolar Regeneration in Air-Liquid Interface Cultures. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:203-214. [PMID: 38051640 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0078oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar type 2 and club cells are part of the stem cell niche of the lung and their differentiation is required for pulmonary homeostasis and tissue regeneration. A disturbed crosstalk between fibroblasts and epithelial cells contributes to the loss of lung structure in chronic lung diseases. Therefore, it is important to understand how fibroblasts and lung epithelial cells interact during regeneration. Here, we analyzed the interaction of fibroblasts and the alveolar epithelium modeled in air-liquid interface cultures. Single-cell transcriptomics showed that cocultivation with fibroblasts leads to increased expression of type 2 markers in pneumocytes, activation of regulons associated with the maintenance of alveolar type 2 cells (e.g., Etv5), and transdifferentiation of club cells toward pneumocytes. This was accompanied by an intensified transepithelial barrier. Vice versa, the activation of NF-κB pathways and the CEBPB regulon and the expression of IL-6 and other differentiation factors (e.g., fibroblast growth factors) were increased in fibroblasts cocultured with epithelial cells. Recombinant IL-6 enhanced epithelial barrier formation. Therefore, in our coculture model, regulatory loops were identified by which lung epithelial cells mediate regeneration and differentiation of the alveolar epithelium in a cooperative manner with the mesenchymal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine and
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sarah Miethe
- Translational Inflammation Research Division and Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics and
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- The Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kattler
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Betül Colakoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Schneider-Daum
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Holger Garn
- Translational Inflammation Research Division and Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics and
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- The Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
| | - Felix Ritzmann
- Department of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine and
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine and
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christoph Beisswenger
- Department of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine and
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Wu Q, Leng X, Zhang Q, Zhu YZ, Zhou R, Liu Y, Mei C, Zhang D, Liu S, Chen S, Wang X, Lin A, Lin X, Liang T, Shen L, Feng XH, Xia B, Xu P. IRF3 activates RB to authorize cGAS-STING-induced senescence and mitigate liver fibrosis. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadj2102. [PMID: 38416816 PMCID: PMC10901380 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Cytosolic double-stranded DNA surveillance by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) signaling triggers cellular senescence, autophagy, biased mRNA translation, and interferon-mediated immune responses. However, detailed mechanisms and physiological relevance of STING-induced senescence are not fully understood. Here, we unexpectedly found that interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), activated during innate DNA sensing, forms substantial endogenous complexes in the nucleus with retinoblastoma (RB), a key cell cycle regulator. The IRF3-RB interaction attenuates cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6)-mediated RB hyperphosphorylation that mobilizes RB to deactivate E2 family (E2F) transcription factors, thereby driving cells into senescence. STING-IRF3-RB signaling plays a notable role in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) within various murine models, pushing activated HSCs toward senescence. Accordingly, IRF3 global knockout or conditional deletion in HSCs aggravated liver fibrosis, a process mitigated by the CDK4/6 inhibitor. These findings underscore a straightforward yet vital mechanism of cGAS-STING signaling in inducing cellular senescence and unveil its unexpected biology in limiting liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirou Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohong Leng
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ye-Zhang Zhu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruyuan Zhou
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen Mei
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shengduo Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xia Lin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Shen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pinglong Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Jeong B, Pahan K. IL-12p40 Monomer: A Potential Player in Macrophage Regulation. Immuno 2024; 4:77-90. [PMID: 38435456 PMCID: PMC10907066 DOI: 10.3390/immuno4010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are myeloid phagocytic leukocytes whose functions are to protect against infections, mediate T-cell responses, and maintain tissue homeostasis. IL-12p40 monomer is a cytokine that is largely produced by macrophages, and it has, for the longest time, been considered a largely non-functional cytokine of the IL-12 family. However, new research has emerged that demonstrates that this p40 monomer may play a bigger role in shaping immune environments. To shed light on the specific effects of p40 monomer on macrophages and their surrounding environment, we showed, through cell culture studies, qPCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence analyses, that the direct administration of recombinant p40 monomer to RAW 264.7 cells and primary lung macrophages stimulated the production of both pro-inflammatory (TNFα) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) signals. Accordingly, p40 monomer prevented the full pro-inflammatory effects of LPS, and the neutralization of p40 monomer by mAb a3-3a stimulated the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the intranasal administration of p40 monomer upregulated TNFα+IL-10+ macrophages in vivo in the lungs of mice. Collectively, these results indicate an important immunoregulatory function of p40 monomer in the upregulation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Jeong
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Zheng X, Chen X, Hu X, Chen L, Mi N, Zhong Q, Wang L, Lin C, Chen Y, Lai F, Hu X, Zhang Y. Downregulated BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling causes emphysema via dysfunction of alveolar type II epithelial cells. J Pathol 2024; 262:320-333. [PMID: 38108121 DOI: 10.1002/path.6234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-Smad1/5/8 signaling plays a crucial regulatory role in lung development and adult lung homeostasis. However, it remains elusive whether BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of emphysema. In this study, we downregulated BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling by overexpressing its antagonist Noggin in adult mouse alveolar type II epithelial cells (AT2s), resulting in an emphysematous phenotype mimicking the typical pathological features of human emphysema, including distal airspace enlargement, pulmonary inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and impaired lung function. Dysregulation of BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling in AT2s leads to inflammatory destruction dominated by macrophage infiltration, associated with reduced secretion of surfactant proteins and inhibition of AT2 proliferation and differentiation. Reactivation of BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling by genetics or chemotherapy significantly attenuated the morphology and pathophysiology of emphysema and improved the lung function in Noggin-overexpressing lungs. We also found that BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling was downregulated in cigarette smoke-induced emphysema, and that enhancing its activity in AT2s prevented or even reversed emphysema in the mouse model. Our data suggest that BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling, located at the top of the signaling cascade that regulates lung homeostasis, represents a key molecular regulator of alveolar stem cell secretory and regenerative function, and could serve as a potential target for future prevention and treatment of pulmonary emphysema. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Lidan Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Nana Mi
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Linfang Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Chensheng Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - YiPing Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Fancai Lai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Hu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yanding Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology & Southern Center for Biomedical Research, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
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Golzari-Sorkheh M, Liyanage I, Reed MA, Weaver DF. Alzheimer's Disease and COVID-19 Pathogenic Overlap: Implications for Drug Repurposing. Can J Neurol Sci 2024; 51:161-172. [PMID: 36991574 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2023.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
As COVID-19 continues, a safe, cost-effective treatment strategy demands continued inquiry. Chronic neuroinflammatory disorders may appear to be of little relevance in this regard; often indolent and progressive disorders characterized by neuroinflammation (such as Alzheimer's disease (AD)) are fundamentally dissimilar in etiology and symptomology to COVID-19's rapid infectivity and pathology. However, the two disorders share extensive pathognomonic features, including at membrane, cytoplasmic, and extracellular levels, culminating in analogous immunogenic destruction of their respective organ parenchyma. We hypothesize that these mechanistic similarities may extent to therapeutic targets, namely that it is conceivable an agent against AD's immunopathy may have efficacy against COVID-19 and vice versa. It is notable that while extensively investigated, no agent has yet demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy against AD's cognitive and memory declines. Yet this very failure has driven the development of numerous agents with strong mechanistic potential and clinical characteristics. Having already approved for clinical trials, these agents may be an expedient starting point in the urgent search for an effective COVID-19 therapy. Herein, we review the overlapping Alzheimer's/ COVID-19 targets and theorize several initial platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imindu Liyanage
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark A Reed
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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48
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Nie G, Chen S, Song Q, Zou D, Li M, Tang X, Deng Y, Huang B, Yang M, Lv G, Zhang Y. DHX33 mediates p53 to regulate mevalonate pathway gene transcription in human cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130547. [PMID: 38143011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 is frequently null or mutated in human cancers. Here in this study, DHX33 protein was found to be induced in p53 null cells in vitro, and in p53 mutant lung tumorigenesis in vivo. Cholesterol metabolism through mevalonate pathway is pivotal for cell proliferation and is frequently altered in human cancers. Mice carrying mutant p53 and KrasG12D alleles showed upregulation of mevalonate pathway gene expression. However upon DHX33 loss, their upregulation was significantly debilitated. Additionally, in many human cancer cells, DHX33 knockdown caused inhibition of mavelonate pathway gene transcription. We propose DHX33 locates downstream of mutant p53 and Ras to regulate mevalonate pathway gene transcription and thereby supports cancer development in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangli Nie
- Shenzhen KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Shiyun Chen
- Shenzhen KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingzhi Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, China
| | - Dongxu Zou
- Shenzhen KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Maggie Li
- Shenzhen College of International Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiyu Tang
- Shenzhen KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Yuanlian Deng
- Shenzhen KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Bizhou Huang
- Shenzhen KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Mengxia Yang
- Shenzhen KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Guoqing Lv
- Shenzhen College of International Education, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yandong Zhang
- Shenzhen KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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49
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Sun Y, Ren Y, Song LY, Wang YY, Li TG, Wu YL, Li L, Yang ZS. Targeting iron-metabolism:a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116270. [PMID: 38364737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron homeostasisis is integral to normal physiological and biochemical processes of lungs. The maintenance of iron homeostasis involves the process of intake, storage and output, dependening on iron-regulated protein/iron response element system to operate tightly metabolism-related genes, including TFR1, DMT1, Fth, and FPN. Dysregulation of iron can lead to iron overload, which increases the virulence of microbial colonisers and the occurrence of oxidative stress, causing alveolar epithelial cells to undergo necrosis and apoptosis, and form extracellular matrix. Accumulated iron drive iron-dependent ferroptosis to exacerbated pulmonary fibrosis. Notably, the iron chelator deferoxamine and the lipophilic antioxidant ferritin-1 have been shown to attenuate ferroptosis and inhibit lipid peroxidation in pulmonary fibrosis. The paper summarises the regulatory mechanisms of dysregulated iron metabolism and ferroptosis in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Targeting iron metabolism may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Yun Song
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yin-Ying Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Tian-Gang Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying-Li Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Zhong-Shan Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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50
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Fu Q, Shen N, Fang T, Zhang H, Di Y, Liu X, Du C, Guo J. ACT001 alleviates inflammation and pyroptosis through the PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-induced alveolar macrophages. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:323-332. [PMID: 37831404 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ACT001 is an anti-inflammatory agent that has been widely investigated for its role in tumors, intracranial diseases, and fibrotic diseases, but its effect on acute lung injury is less known. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of ACT001 on regulating inflammation and pyroptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced alveolar macrophages. METHODS NR8383 alveolar macrophages treated with LPS were used to replicate the proinflammatory macrophage phenotype observed during acute lung injury. After ACT001 treatment, we measured the secretion and expression levels of critical inflammatory cytokines, the rate of pyroptosis, and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins and pyroptosis-associated proteins. In addition, we assessed the role of the PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathways and further validated the results with a PPAR-γ inhibitor. RESULTS Our findings confirmed that ACT001 reduced the expression and release of inflammatory factors, attenuated cell pyroptosis, and downregulated the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 p20, and GSDMD-N. These effects may be achieved by activating PPAR-γ expression and then inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. When macrophages were treated with the PPAR-γ inhibitor, the protective effects of ACT001 were reversed. CONCLUSION ACT001 significantly ameliorated inflammation and pyroptosis via the PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-induced NR8383 alveolar macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, No.1 Zhongshan Road, Tianjin, 300140, China.
| | - Na Shen
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Tao Fang
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Hewei Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, No.1 Zhongshan Road, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Yanbo Di
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Chao Du
- Emergency Surgical Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Jianshuang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China
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