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Xie D, Yan J, Zhang H, Zhang H, Nie G, Zhu X, Li X. Cadmium exacerbates liver injury by remodeling ceramide metabolism: Multiomics and laboratory evidence. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171405. [PMID: 38432385 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that primarily targets the liver. Cd exposure disrupts specific lipid metabolic pathways; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the lipidomic characteristics of rat livers after Cd exposure as well as the potential mechanisms of Cd-induced liver injury. Our analysis of established Cd-exposed rat and cell models showed that Cd exposure resulted in liver lipid deposition and hepatocyte damage. Lipidomic detection, transcriptome sequencing, and experimental analyses revealed that Cd mainly affects the sphingolipid metabolic pathway and that the changes in ceramide metabolism are the most significant. In vitro experiments revealed that the inhibition of ceramide synthetase activity or activation of ceramide decomposing enzymes ameliorated the proapoptotic and pro-oxidative stress effects of Cd, thereby alleviating liver injury. In contrast, the exogenous addition of ceramide aggravated liver injury. In summary, Cd increased ceramide levels by remodeling ceramide synthesis and catabolism, thereby promoting hepatocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress and ultimately aggravating liver injury. Reducing ceramide levels can serve as a potential protective strategy to mitigate the liver toxicity of Cd. This study provides new evidence for understanding Cd-induced liver injury at the lipidomic level and insights into the health risks and toxicological mechanisms associated with Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Xie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun Yan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Honglong Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guole Nie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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2
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Bai Z, Yin J, Cheng L, Song L, Zhang YY, Wang M. Multistress Interplay: Time and Duration of Ocean Acidification Modulate the Toxicity of Mercury and Other Metals. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:6487-6498. [PMID: 38579165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The current understanding of multistress interplay assumes stresses occur in perfect synchrony, but this assumption is rarely met in the natural marine ecosystem. To understand the interplay between nonperfectly overlapped stresses in the ocean, we manipulated a multigenerational experiment (F0-F3) to explore how different temporal scenarios of ocean acidification will affect mercury toxicity in a marine copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei. We found that the scenario of past acidification aggravated mercury toxicity but current and persistent acidification mitigated its toxicity. We specifically performed a proteomics analysis for the copepods of F3. The results indicated that current and persistent acidification initiated the energy compensation for development and mercury efflux, whereas past acidification lacked the barrier of H+ and had dysfunction in the detoxification and efflux system, providing a mechanistic understanding of mercury toxicity under different acidification scenarios. Furthermore, we conducted a meta-analysis on marine animals, demonstrating that different acidification scenarios could alter the toxicity of several other metals, despite evidence from nonsynchronous scenarios remaining limited. Our study thus demonstrates that time and duration of ocean acidification modulate mercury toxicity in marine copepods and suggests that future studies should move beyond the oversimplified scenario of perfect synchrony in understanding multistress interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoan Bai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Junjie Yin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Luman Cheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Luting Song
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yuan-Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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3
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Deng J, Zhuang H, Shao S, Zeng X, Xue P, Bai T, Wang X, Shangguan S, Chen Y, Yan S, Huang W. Mitochondrial-Targeted Copper Delivery for Cuproptosis-Based Synergistic Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304522. [PMID: 38530073 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Cuproptosis is dependent on mitochondrial respiration modulation by targeting lipoylated tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle proteins, showing great potential in cancer treatment. However, the specific release of copper ions at mitochondrial is highly needed and still a major challenge to trigger cellular cuproptosis. Herein, a metal-organic framework-based nanoplatform (ZCProP) is designed for mitochondrial-targeted and ATP/pH-responsive Cu2+ and prodigiosin release. The released Cu2+ promotes aggregation of lipoylated protein and loss of Fe-S cluster protein, resulting in cell cuproptosis. In the meanwhile, Cu2+ can concert with prodigiosin to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage and enhance cell cuproptosis. Furthermore, this nanoplatform has an ability to deplete glutathione, which not only further promotes cuproptosis but also triggers cell ferroptosis by the suppression of glutathione peroxidase 4, an anti-ferroptosis protein. Collectively, the designed ZCProP nanoplatform can responsively release cargos at mitochondrial and realize a conspicuous therapeutic efficacy through a cuproptosis-mediated concerted effect. Along with its excellent biocompatibility, this nanoplatform may provide a novel therapeutic modality paradigm to boost cancer therapeutic strategies based on cuproptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Deng
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Huilan Zhuang
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Sijie Shao
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions of Fujian Province University, Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Panpan Xue
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Tingjie Bai
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Xiaoman Wang
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Shijie Shangguan
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Yuanchun Chen
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Shuangqian Yan
- The Straits Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Straits Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, China
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Gao S, Zheng F, Yue L, Chen B. Chronic cadmium exposure impairs flight behavior by dampening flight muscle carbon metabolism in bumblebees. J Hazard Mater 2024; 466:133628. [PMID: 38301442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium pollution affects the global ecosystem because cadmium can be transferred up the food chain. The bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, is an important insect pollinator. Their foraging activity on flowers exposes them to harmful heavy metals, which damages their health and leads to massive population declines. However, the effects of chronic exposure to heavy metals on the flight performance of bumblebees have not yet been characterized. Here, we studied variation in the flight capacity of bumblebees induced by chronic cadmium exposure at field-realistic concentrations using behavioral, physiological, and molecular approaches. Chronic cadmium exposure caused a significant reduction in the duration, distance, and mean velocity of bumblebee flight. Transcriptome analysis showed that the impairment of carbon metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in the flight muscle were the primary causes. Physiological, biochemical, and metabolomic analyses validated disruptions in energy metabolism, and impairments in mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes activities. Histological analysis revealed muscle fiber damage and mitochondrial loss. Exogenous decanoic acid or citric acid partially restored sustained flight ability of bumblebees by mitigating muscle fiber damage and increasing energy generation. These findings provide insights into how long-term cadmium stress affects the flight ability of insects and will aid human muscle or exercise-related disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lei Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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5
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Zhao D, Gao L, Huang X, Chen G, Gao B, Wang J, Gu M, Wang F. Complementary imaging of nanoclusters interacting with mitochondria via stimulated emission depletion and scanning transmission electron microscopy. J Hazard Mater 2024; 465:133371. [PMID: 38185082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The emerging stress caused by nanomaterials in the environment is of great concern because they can have toxic effects on organisms. However, thorough study of the interactions between cells and diverse nanoparticles (NPs) using a unified approach is challenging. Here, we present a novel approach combining stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) for quantitative assessment, real-time tracking, and in situ imaging of the intracellular behavior of gold-silver nanoclusters (AuAgNCs), based on their fluorescence and electron properties. The results revealed an aggregated state of AuAgNCs within the mitochondria and an increase in sulfur content in AuAgNCs, presumably owing to their reaction with thiol-containing molecules inside the mitochondria. Moreover, AuAgNCs (100 μg/mL) induced a 75% decline in mitochondrial membrane potential and a 12-fold increase of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in comparison to control. This mitochondrial damage may be triggered by the reaction of AuAgNCs with thiol, which provides direct imaging evidence for uncovering the action mechanism of AuAgNCs on the mitochondria. The proposed dual-imaging strategy using STED and STEM is a potential tool to offer valuable insights into cytotoxicity between subcellular structures and diverse NPs, and can serve as a key strategy for nanomaterial biosafety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Beibei Gao
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Min Gu
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Fu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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6
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Xu P, Su YN, Ling C, Wang J, Zhang W. Mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by thioredoxin-interacting protein: A crucial determinant in di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced liver failure. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 272:116103. [PMID: 38359652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used plasticizer that can interfere with the endocrine system and cause liver damage. However, the molecular mechanism of DEHP-induced liver injury is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of DEHP on liver function and its relationship with thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and mitochondrial oxidative stress pathway. We used C57BL/6 J mice and THLE-2 liver cells as in vivo and in vitro models, respectively, and treated them with different doses of DEHP, and measured the relevant biochemical indicators and molecular markers. We found that DEHP significantly increased the expression of TXNIP and NLRP3, while decreasing the expression of mitochondrial functional proteins, such as PGC-1α, TFAM, NRF1, NDUHA9, SDHA, MFN1. This resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, manifested by reduced ATP generation, increased inflammatory factor release, elevated liver enzyme indicators, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased oxidative stress. We further demonstrated that TXNIP upregulation activated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, such as NF-κB, IκB, TAB2, TRAF6, ERK1, JNK, p38 MAPK, MEK1, which exacerbated oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to liver damage. Additionally, we found that treatment with the antioxidant MitoQ partially alleviated DEHP-induced liver toxicity, while silencing TXNIP more effectively restored mitochondrial function. Our study supports the hypothesis that DEHP induces mitochondrial oxidative stress through the TXNIP signaling pathway, resulting in liver dysfunction in mice, and suggests possible links between endocrine-disrupting chemicals and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yang-Ni Su
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
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Zhou S, Cheng R, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Jiang Z, Yu Q. CHIR-98014, a GSK 3β Inhibitor, Protects Against Triptolide/Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis Inhibition. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:407-418. [PMID: 38284557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) is a remarkable anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive component separated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. However, its hepatotoxicity limits its application in the clinical. Our group has proposed a new perspective on TP-induced hepatotoxicity, in which TP enhances liver hypersensitivity upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Because the cause of the disease is unknown, there is currently no uniform treatment available. In this study, we attempted to determine whether the GSK-3β-JNK pathway affects liver damage and its regulatory mechanism in response to TP/LPS costimulation. In addition, we investigated the effect of CsA or the GSK 3β inhibitor CHIR-98014 on TP/LPS-induced hepatotoxicity. The results showed that the TP/LPS cotreatment mice exhibited obvious hepatotoxicity, as indicated by a remarkable increase in the serum ALT and AST levels, glycogen depletion, GSK 3β-JNK upregulation, and increased apoptosis. Instead of the specific knockdown of JNK1, the specific knockdown of JNK2 had a protective effect. Additionally, 40 mg/kg of CsA and 30 mg/kg of CHIR-98014 might provide protection. In summary, CHIR-98014 could protect against TP/LPS- or TP/TNF-α-induced activation of the GSK 3β-JNK pathway and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, improving the indirect hepatotoxicity induced by TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyun Zhou
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruohan Cheng
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yihan Jiang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qinwei Yu
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Bautista CJ, Arango N, Plata C, Mitre-Aguilar IB, Trujillo J, Ramírez V. Mechanism of cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity. Toxicology 2024; 502:153726. [PMID: 38191021 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals are found naturally in our environment and have many uses and applications in daily life. However, high concentrations of metals may be a result of pollution due to industrialization. In particular, cadmium (Cd), a white metal abundantly distributed in the terrestrial crust, is found in mines together with zinc, which accumulates after volcanic eruption or is found naturally in the sea and earth. High levels of Cd have been associated with disease. In the human body, Cd accumulates in two ways: via inhalation or consumption, mainly of plants or fish contaminated with high concentrations. Several international organizations have been working to establish the limit values of heavy metals in food, water, and the environment to avoid their toxic effects. Increased Cd levels may induce kidney, liver, or neurological diseases. Cd mainly accumulates in the kidney, causing renal disease in people exposed to moderate to high levels, which leads to the development of end-stage chronic kidney disease or death. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity, the mechanisms of Cd damage, and the current treatments used to reduce the toxic effects of Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia J Bautista
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Nidia Arango
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Plata
- Departamento de Nefrología del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Irma B Mitre-Aguilar
- Unidad de Bioquímica del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Joyce Trujillo
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnología, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C. División de Materiales Avanzados (CONAHCYT-IPICYT-DMA), San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Victoria Ramírez
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico.
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Mallamaci R, Barbarossa A, Carocci A, Meleleo D. Evaluation of the Potential Protective Effect of Ellagic Acid against Heavy Metal (Cadmium, Mercury, and Lead) Toxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Foods 2024; 13:419. [PMID: 38338554 PMCID: PMC10855963 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), a polyphenolic constituent of plant origin, has been thoroughly investigated for its hypothesised pharmacological properties among which antioxidant and neuroprotective activities are included. The present study was designed to explore whether EA could attenuate heavy metal (cadmium, mercury, and lead)-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, which were utilized as a model system for brain cells. MTT and LDH assays were performed to examine the viability of the SH-SY5Y cells after exposure to Cd, Hg, and Pb (either individually or in combination with EA) as well as the effects of necrotic cell death, respectively. Furthermore, 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), a cell-based assay, was performed to determine whether EA could protect SH-SY5Y from heavy metal-induced oxidative stress. Results allowed us to assess the capability of EA to enhance the number of viable SH-SY5Y cells after exposure to heavy metal toxicity. Pre-treatment with EA showed a considerable, concentration-dependent, cytoprotective effect, particularly against Cd2+-induced toxicity. This effect was confirmed through the reduction of LDH release after the simultaneous cell treatment with Cd2+ and EA compared with Cd2+-treated cells. Furthermore, a significant, concentration-dependent decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, induced by H2O2 or heavy metals, was observed in the same model. Overall, the obtained results provide further insight into the protective role of EA against heavy metal-induced neurotoxicity and oxidative stress, thus indicating the potential beneficial effects of the consumption of EA-rich foods. However, to confirm its effects, well-designed human randomized controlled trials are needed to fill the existing gap between experimental and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Mallamaci
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Daniela Meleleo
- Department of Science of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
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Mosaad AF, El-Nakhla SM, Abd El-Rasoul FH, Shehabeldin AM, Ali AA, Morsy GM. Effect of ambient lead on progesterone and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1 and their relationship with abortion in Zaraibi goats: a field study. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:40. [PMID: 38214824 PMCID: PMC10786744 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of ambient lead (Pb) exposure on progesterone (P4) and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1 (PAG1) and their relationship with abortion in Egyptian Zaraibi goats (C. hircus). To achieve this, 40 female goats (does) were mated with highly fertile male goats, resulting in a total of 28 pregnant goats. Eight of them aborted, and each of the 12 pregnant goats gave birth to one kid, whereas the remaining eight gave birth to twins. The levels of PAG1, P4, and Pb in serum were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) respectively. Statistically, the repeated measure two-way ANOVA, regression analysis, correlation coefficient, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied. The current data demonstrated that the levels of blood Pb in aborted goats were significantly higher than those in non-aborted goats at the early, mid, and late gestations, and this was followed by significant decreases in serum PAG1 and P4. Furthermore, there were substantial inverse associations between blood Pb concentration and levels of PAG1 and P4, with markedly negative correlation coefficients of - 0.88 and - 0.77, respectively, in aborted goats. The threshold level of Pb required to cause abortion was ≥ 32.08 μg/dl, but for PAG1 and P4 were respectively ≤ 0.95 ng/ml and ≤ 0.48 ng/ml. Additionally, threshold levels of ≥ 12.34 ng/ml and ≥ 31.52 ng/ml for P4 and PAG1, respectively, were needed to deliver twins. In conclusion, pollution-induced increases in Pb bioavailability resulted in dramatic decreases in P4 and PAG1 levels, leading to abortions. PAG1 and P4 levels are also key factors in determining whether Zaraibi goats will give birth to twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar F Mosaad
- Sheep & Goat Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Sayed M El-Nakhla
- Sheep & Goat Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ferial H Abd El-Rasoul
- Sheep & Goat Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Shehabeldin
- Sheep & Goat Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Atef A Ali
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Gamal M Morsy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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11
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Koyama H, Kamogashira T, Yamasoba T. Heavy Metal Exposure: Molecular Pathways, Clinical Implications, and Protective Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:76. [PMID: 38247500 PMCID: PMC10812460 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are often found in soil and can contaminate drinking water, posing a serious threat to human health. Molecular pathways and curation therapies for mitigating heavy metal toxicity have been studied for a long time. Recent studies on oxidative stress and aging have shown that the molecular foundation of cellular damage caused by heavy metals, namely, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial stress, share the same pathways as those involved in cellular senescence and aging. In recent aging studies, many types of heavy metal exposures have been used in both cellular and animal aging models. Chelation therapy is a traditional treatment for heavy metal toxicity. However, recently, various antioxidants have been found to be effective in treating heavy metal-induced damage, shifting the research focus to investigating the interplay between antioxidants and heavy metals. In this review, we introduce the molecular basis of heavy metal-induced cellular damage and its relationship with aging, summarize its clinical implications, and discuss antioxidants and other agents with protective effects against heavy metal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Koyama
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Teru Kamogashira
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
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12
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Tian Z, Jiang S, Zhou J, Zhang W. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in mitochondria. Life Sci 2023; 334:122223. [PMID: 38084674 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria serve as sites for energy production and are essential for regulating various forms of cell death induced by metal metabolism, targeted anticancer drugs, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Cuproptosis is an autonomous form of cell death that depends on copper (Cu) and mitochondrial metabolism. Although the recent discovery of cuproptosis highlights the significance of Cu and mitochondria, there is still a lack of biological evidence and experimental verification for the underlying mechanism. We provide an overview of how Cu and cuproptosis affect mitochondrial morphology and function. Through comparison with ferroptosis, similarities and differences in mitochondrial metabolism between cuproptosis and ferroptosis have been identified. These findings provide implications for further exploration of cuproptotic mechanisms. Furthermore, we explore the correlation between cuproptosis and immunotherapy or radiosensitivity. Ultimately, we emphasize the therapeutic potential of targeting cuproptosis as a novel approach for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyu Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Zhang X, Tao T, Qiu Y, Guo X, Zhu X, Zhou X. Copper-mediated novel cell death pathway in tumor cells and implications for innovative cancer therapies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115730. [PMID: 37864891 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous investigations have unraveled an array of cellular demise modalities, encompassing apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, iron death, and several others. These diverse pathways of cell death have been harnessed as therapeutic strategies for eradicating tumor cells. Recent scientific inquiries have unveiled a novel mode of cell death, namely copper death, which is contingent upon intracellular copper levels. Diverging from conventional cell death mechanisms, copper death exhibits a heightened reliance on mitochondrial respiration, specifically the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Tumor cells exhibit distinctive metabolic profiles and an elevated copper content compared to their normal counterparts. The emergence of copper death presents a tantalizing prospect for targeted therapies in the realm of cancer treatment. Thus, the primary objective of this review is to introduce the proteins and intricate mechanisms underlying copper death, while comprehensively summarizing the extensive body of knowledge concerning its ramifications across diverse tumor types. The insights garnered from this comprehensive synthesis will serve as an invaluable reference for driving the development of tailor-made therapeutic interventions for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Computational Systems Biology Lab (CSBL), The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Yishu Qiu
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Science, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- Computational Systems Biology Lab (CSBL), The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Computational Systems Biology Lab (CSBL), The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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14
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Arruebarrena MA, Hawe CT, Lee YM, Branco RC. Mechanisms of Cadmium Neurotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16558. [PMID: 38068881 PMCID: PMC10706630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that increasingly contaminates food and drink products. Once ingested, cadmium exerts toxic effects that pose a significant threat to human health. The nervous system is particularly vulnerable to prolonged, low-dose cadmium exposure. This review article provides an overview of cadmium's primary mechanisms of neurotoxicity. Cadmium gains entry into the nervous system via zinc and calcium transporters, altering the homeostasis for these metal ions. Once within the nervous system, cadmium disrupts mitochondrial respiration by decreasing ATP synthesis and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species. Cadmium also impairs normal neurotransmission by increasing neurotransmitter release asynchronicity and disrupting neurotransmitter signaling proteins. Cadmium furthermore impairs the blood-brain barrier and alters the regulation of glycogen metabolism. Together, these mechanisms represent multiple sites of biochemical perturbation that result in cumulative nervous system damage which can increase the risk for neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding the way by which cadmium exerts its effects is critical for developing effective treatment and prevention strategies against cadmium-induced neurotoxic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn A. Arruebarrena
- Neuroscience and Behavior Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (M.A.A.); (Y.M.L.)
| | - Calvin T. Hawe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
| | - Young Min Lee
- Neuroscience and Behavior Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (M.A.A.); (Y.M.L.)
| | - Rachel C. Branco
- Neuroscience and Behavior Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (M.A.A.); (Y.M.L.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
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15
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Niu Z, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chai L, Wang H. Impairment of bile acid metabolism and altered composition by lead and copper in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles. Sci Total Environ 2023; 900:165901. [PMID: 37524187 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) are two common heavy metal contaminants in environments, and liver is recognized as one of the main target organs for toxicity of Pb and Cu in animal organisms. Bile acids play a critical role in regulating hepatic metabolic homeostasis by activating farnesoid X receptor (Fxr). However, there were few studies on the interactions between bile acids and liver pathology caused by heavy metals. In this work, the histopathological changes, targeted metabolome and transcriptome responses in the liver of Bufo gargarizans tadpoles to Pb and/or Cu were examined. We found that exposure to Pb and/or Cu altered the hepatic bile acid profile, resulting in increased hydrophobicity and toxicity of the bile acid pool. And the expression of genes involved in bile acid metabolism and their downstream signaling pathways in the liver were significantly altered by Pb and/or Cu exposure. The alteration of bile acid profiles and the expression of genes related to bile acid metabolism might induce oxidative stress and inflammation, ultimately inducing hepatocyte injury observed in the histological sections. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide histological, biochemical, and molecular evidence for establishing the link between Pb and Cu exposure, disturbances in hepatic bile acid metabolism, and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Niu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yutian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yaxi Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lihong Chai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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16
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Lalwani P, King DE, Morton KS, Rivera NA, Huayta J, Hsu-Kim H, Meyer JN. Increased cytotoxicity of Pb 2+ with co-exposures to a mitochondrial uncoupler and mitochondrial calcium uniporter inhibitor. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2023; 25:1743-1751. [PMID: 37503664 PMCID: PMC10681630 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00188a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb2+) is an important developmental toxicant. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) imports calcium ions using the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and also appears to mediate the influx of Pb2+ into the mitochondria. Since our environment contains mixtures of toxic agents, it is important to consider multi-chemical exposures. To begin to develop generalizable, predictive models of interactive toxicity, we developed mechanism-based hypotheses about interactive effects of Pb2+ with other chemicals. To test these hypotheses, we exposed HepG2 (human liver) cells to Pb2+ alone and in mixtures with other mitochondria-damaging chemicals: carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), a mitochondrial uncoupler that reduces MMP, and Ruthenium Red (RuRed), a dye that inhibits the MCU. After 24 hours, Pb2+ alone, the mixture of Pb2+ and RuRed, and the mixture of Pb2+ and FCCP caused no decrease in cell viability. However, the combination of all three exposures led to a significant decrease in cell viability at higher Pb2+ concentrations. After 48 hours, the co-exposure to elevated Pb2+ concentrations and FCCP caused a significant decrease in cell viability, and the mixture of all three showed a clear dose-response curve with significant decreases in cell viability across a range of Pb2+ concentrations. We performed ICP-MS analyses on isolated mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions and found no differences in Pb2+ uptake across exposure groups, ruling out altered cellular uptake as the mechanism for interactive toxicity. We assessed MMP following exposure and observed a decrease in membrane potential that corresponds to loss of cell viability but is likely not sufficient to be the causative mechanistic driver of cell death. This research provides a mechanistically-based framework for understanding Pb2+ toxicity in mixtures with mitochondrial toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Lalwani
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A354 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Dillon E King
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A354 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Katherine S Morton
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A354 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | | | - Javier Huayta
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A354 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | | | - Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A354 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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17
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de Lira-Sánchez JA, Esparza-Perusquía M, Martínez F, Pardo JP, Flores-Herrera O. Heavy metals do not induce ROS production by mitochondrial respirasome. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 2023; 1864:148999. [PMID: 37516232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.148999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A de Lira-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mercedes Esparza-Perusquía
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Federico Martínez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan P Pardo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Oscar Flores-Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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18
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Khan H, Verma Y, Rana SVS. Combined Effects of Fluoride and Arsenic on Mitochondrial Function in the Liver of Rat. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6856-6866. [PMID: 36947368 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical and/or molecular mechanisms of arsenic or fluoride toxicity in experimental animals have been widely investigated in the recent past. However, their combined effects on target cells/organelle are poorly understood. The present study was executed to delineate their combined effects on mitochondrial function in the liver of rat. Female Wistar rats (140 ± 20 g) were force fed individually or in combination with sodium arsenate (4 mg/kg body weight) and sodium fluoride (4 mg/kg body weight) for 90 days. Thereafter, established markers of mitochondrial function viz. mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, ATPase, succinic dehydrogenase, and caspase-3 activity were determined. Cytochrome C release and oxidative DNA damage were also estimated in the liver of respective groups of rats. The study showed significant differences in these results amongst the three groups. Observations on parameters viz. LPO, cytochrome-C, caspase-3, and 8-OHdG suggested an antagonistic relationship between these two elements. Results on ATPase, SDH, and ADP:O ratio indicated synergism. It is concluded that AsIII + F in combination may express differential effects on signalling pathways and proapoptotic/antiapoptotic proteins/genes that contribute to liver cell death. Interaction of As and F with mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Khan
- Department of Toxicology, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250 004, India
| | - Yeshvandra Verma
- Department of Toxicology, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250 004, India
| | - S V S Rana
- Department of Toxicology, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250 004, India.
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19
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Moniruzzaman M, Kumar S, Mukherjee M, Chakraborty SB. Delineating involvement of MAPK/NF-κB pathway during mitigation of permethrin-induced oxidative damage in fish gills by melatonin. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 104:104312. [PMID: 37967690 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Present study evaluated involvement of transcription factors during permethrin-induced gill toxicity and its amelioration by melatonin. First, adult Notoptertus notopterus females were exposed to permethrin at nominal concentrations [C: 0.0, P1: 0.34, P2: 0.68 µg/L] for 15 days followed by intramuscular melatonin administration (100 µg/kg body weight) for 7 days. Gill MDA, XO, LDH levels increased, while Na+-K+-ATPase, SDH, cytochrome C oxidase levels decreased with increasing permethrin concentrations. Glutathione, SOD, CAT, GST, GRd levels increased in P1 than C, but decreased in P2 than P1, C. Melatonin administration restored gill enzyme and antioxidant levels in P1, P2. Next, isolated gill tissues were exposed to permethrin at 25, 50 µM doses along with melatonin administration (100 μg/mL). NF-κB, NRF2, Keap1, ERK, Akt, caspases protein expression changed significantly during permethrin-induced gill damage. Melatonin administration amended permethrin-induced molecular imbalance through modulation of caspase proteins and MAPK/NF-κB signal transduction pathway via melatonin receptor 1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saheli Kumar
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Mainak Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India; Department of Zoology, Fakir Chand College, Diamond Harbour, India
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20
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Borowiec BG, McDonald AE, Wilkie MP. Upstream migrant sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) show signs of increasing oxidative stress but maintain aerobic capacity with age. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2023; 285:111503. [PMID: 37586606 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Following the parasitic juvenile phase of their life cycle, sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) mature into a reproductive but rapidly aging and deteriorating adult, and typically die shortly after spawning in May or June. However, pre-spawning upstream migrant sea lamprey can be maintained for several months beyond their natural lifespan when held in cold water (∼4-8 °C) under laboratory conditions. We exploited this feature to investigate the interactions between senescence, oxidative stress, and metabolic function in this phylogenetically ancient fish. We investigated how life history traits and mitochondria condition, as indicated by markers of oxidative stress (catalase activity, lipid peroxidation) and aerobic capacity (citrate synthase activity), changed in adult sea lamprey from June to December after capture during their upstream spawning migration. Body mass but not liver mass declined with age, resulting in an increase in hepatosomatic index. Both effects were most pronounced in males, which also tended to have larger livers than females. Lamprey experienced greater oxidative stress with age, as reflected by increasing activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase and increasing levels of lipid peroxidation in liver mitochondrial isolates over time. Surprisingly, the activity of citrate synthase also increased with age in both sexes. These observations implicate mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the senescence of sea lamprey. Due to their unique evolutionary position and the technical advantage of easily delaying the onset of senescence in lampreys using cold water, these animals could represent an evolutionary unique and tractable model to investigate senescence in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allison E McDonald
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada. https://twitter.com/AEMcDonaldWLU
| | - Michael P Wilkie
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
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21
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Mannino F, Pallio G, Imbesi C, Scarfone A, Puzzolo D, Micali A, Freni J, Squadrito F, Bitto A, Minutoli L, Irrera N. Beta-Caryophyllene, a Plant-Derived CB2 Receptor Agonist, Protects SH-SY5Y Cells from Cadmium-Induced Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15487. [PMID: 37895166 PMCID: PMC10607613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a transition heavy metal that is able to accumulate in the central nervous system and may induce cell death through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mechanisms and inactivating the antioxidant processes, becoming an important risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. The antioxidant effects of cannabinoid receptor modulation have been extensively described, and, in particular, β-Caryophyllene (BCP), a plant-derived cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R) agonist, not only showed significant antioxidant properties but also anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate BCP effects in a model of Cd-induced toxicity in the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line used to reproduce Cd intoxication in humans. SH-SY5Y cells were pre-treated with BCP (25, 50, and 100 μM) for 24 h. The day after, cells were challenged with cadmium chloride (CdCl2; 10 μM) for 24 h to induce neuronal toxicity. CdCl2 increased ROS accumulation, and BCP treatment significantly reduced ROS production at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM. In addition, CdCl2 significantly decreased the protein level of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) compared to unstimulated cells; the treatment with BCP at a concentration of 50 μM markedly increased Nrf2 expression, thus confirming the BCP anti-oxidant effect. Moreover, BCP treatment preserved cells from death, regulated the apoptosis pathway, and showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect, thus reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines increased by the CdCl2 challenge. The results indicated that BCP preserved neuronal damage induced by Cd and might represent a future candidate for protection in neurotoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (D.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Chiara Imbesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Alessandro Scarfone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (D.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Adult and Childhood Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - José Freni
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (D.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
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22
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Aisyah CR, Mizuno Y, Masuda M, Iwamoto T, Yamasaki K, Uchida M, Kariya F, Higaki S, Konishi S. Association between Sperm Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Concentrations of Urinary Cadmium and Selenium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-03868-w. [PMID: 37755586 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03868-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Elevated sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is associated with damage to sperm and poorer measures of semen quality. Exposure to cadmium (Cd) can increase oxidative stress and damage sperm mitochondria. The adverse effects of Cd can potentially be reduced by sufficient selenium (Se). The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sperm mtDNAcn and urinary concentrations of Cd and Se, as well as the Cd/Se molar ratio. Participants were recruited from patients who sought infertility treatment at two hospitals in Japan. Urine and semen specimens and self-administered questionnaires were collected on the day of recruitment. Sperm mtDNAcn was measured in extracted sperm DNA by multiplex real-time qPCR. Urinary Cd and Se concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and their molar weights were calculated to obtain the Cd/Se molar ratio. Linear regression was used to estimate associations after adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, exercise, varicocele, and hospital of recruitment. Sperm mtDNAcn showed statistically insignificant associations with creatinine-adjusted concentrations of urinary Cd (β = 0.13, 95% CI -0.18, 0.44) and Se (β = -0.09, 95% CI -0.54, 0.35), and Cd/Se molar ratio (β = 0.12, 95% CI -0.13, 0.37). The current study found no evidence of an association between mtDNAcn and urinary concentrations of Cd or Se, or the Cd/Se molar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuki Mizuno
- Department of Human Ecology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momoka Masuda
- Department of Human Ecology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruaki Iwamoto
- International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
- Sanno Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Fumiko Kariya
- Department of Human Ecology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Higaki
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Konishi
- Department of Human Ecology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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23
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Korotkov SM. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Is the General Reason for Apoptosis Induced by Different-Valence Heavy Metals in Cells and Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14459. [PMID: 37833908 PMCID: PMC10572412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review analyzes the causes and consequences of apoptosis resulting from oxidative stress that occurs in mitochondria and cells exposed to the toxic effects of different-valence heavy metals (Ag+, Tl+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, As3+, Sb3+, Cr6+, and U6+). The problems of the relationship between the integration of these toxic metals into molecular mechanisms with the subsequent development of pathophysiological processes and the appearance of diseases caused by the accumulation of these metals in the body are also addressed in this review. Such apoptosis is characterized by a reduction in cell viability, the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl-2), and the activation of protein kinases (ERK, JNK, p53, and p38) by mitogens. Moreover, the oxidative stress manifests as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, mitochondrial swelling, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release, a decline in the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨmito), a decrease in ATP synthesis, and reduced glutathione and oxygen consumption as well as cytoplasm and matrix calcium overload due to Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The apoptosis and respiratory dysfunction induced by these metals are discussed regarding their interaction with cellular and mitochondrial thiol groups and Fe2+ metabolism disturbance. Similarities and differences in the toxic effects of Tl+ from those of other heavy metals under review are discussed. Similarities may be due to the increase in the cytoplasmic calcium concentration induced by Tl+ and these metals. One difference discussed is the failure to decrease Tl+ toxicity through metallothionein-dependent mechanisms. Another difference could be the decrease in reduced glutathione in the matrix due to the reversible oxidation of Tl+ to Tl3+ near the centers of ROS generation in the respiratory chain. The latter may explain why thallium toxicity to humans turned out to be higher than the toxicity of mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Korotkov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
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24
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Palanirajan SK, Gummadi SN. Phospholipid scramblase 3: a latent mediator connecting mitochondria and heavy metal apoptosis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:443-458. [PMID: 37341933 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Lead and mercury are the ubiquitous heavy metals triggering toxicity and initiating apoptosis in cells. Though the toxic effects of heavy metals on various organs are known, there is a paucity of information on the mechanisms that instigate the current study. A plausible role of phospholipid scramblase 3 (PLSCR3) in Pb2+ and Hg2+ induced apoptosis was investigated with human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells. After 12 h of exposure, ~30-40% of the cells were in the early stage of apoptosis with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased intracellular calcium levels. Also, ~20% of the cardiolipin localized within the inner mitochondrial membrane was translocated to the outer mitochondrial membrane along with the mobilization of truncated Bid (t-Bid) to the mitochondria and cytochrome c from the mitochondria. The endogenous expression levels of PLSCR3, caspase 8, and caspase 3 were upregulated in Pb2+ and Hg2+ induced apoptosis. The activation and upregulation of PLSCR3 mediate CL translocation playing a potential role in initiating the heavy metal-induced apoptosis. Therefore, PLSCR3 could be the linker between mitochondria and heavy metal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Palanirajan
- Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India
| | - Sathyanarayana N Gummadi
- Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India.
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25
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Wu Z, Lv G, Xing F, Xiang W, Ma Y, Feng Q, Yang W, Wang H. Copper in hepatocellular carcinoma: A double-edged sword with therapeutic potentials. Cancer Lett 2023; 571:216348. [PMID: 37567461 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper is a necessary cofactor vital for maintaining biological functions, as well as participating in the development of cancer. A plethora of studies have demonstrated that copper is a double-edged sword, presenting both benefits and detriments to tumors. The liver is a metabolically active organ, and an imbalance of copper homeostasis can result in deleterious consequences to the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited viable therapeutic options. As research advances, the focus has shifted towards the relationships between copper and HCC. Innovatively, cuproplasia and cuproptosis have been proposed to depict copper-related cellular growth and death, providing new insights for HCC treatment. By summarizing the constantly elucidated molecular connections, this review discusses the mechanisms of copper in the pathogenesis, progression, and potential therapeutics of HCC. Additionally, we aim to tentatively provide a theoretical foundation and gospel for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Wu
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Guishuai Lv
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Fuxue Xing
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Qiyu Feng
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China.
| | - Wen Yang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China.
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China.
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26
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Martins AC, Virgolini MB, Ávila DS, Scharf P, Li J, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Bowman AB, Rocha JBT, Aschner M. Mitochondria in the Spotlight: C. elegans as a Model Organism to Evaluate Xenobiotic-Induced Dysfunction. Cells 2023; 12:2124. [PMID: 37681856 PMCID: PMC10486742 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular respiration, ATP production, and the regulation of various cellular processes. Mitochondrial dysfunctions have been directly linked to pathophysiological conditions, making them a significant target of interest in toxicological research. In recent years, there has been a growing need to understand the intricate effects of xenobiotics on human health, necessitating the use of effective scientific research tools. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), a nonpathogenic nematode, has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating toxic mechanisms and mitochondrial dysfunction. With remarkable genetic homology to mammals, C. elegans has been used in studies to elucidate the impact of contaminants and drugs on mitochondrial function. This review focuses on the effects of several toxic metals and metalloids, drugs of abuse and pesticides on mitochondria, highlighting the utility of C. elegans as a model organism to investigate mitochondrial dysfunction induced by xenobiotics. Mitochondrial structure, function, and dynamics are discussed, emphasizing their essential role in cellular viability and the regulation of processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and calcium homeostasis. Additionally, specific toxins and toxicants, such as arsenic, cadmium, and manganese are examined in the context of their impact on mitochondrial function and the utility of C. elegans in elucidating the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utilization of C. elegans as an experimental model providing a promising platform for investigating the intricate relationships between xenobiotics and mitochondrial dysfunction. This knowledge could contribute to the development of strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of contaminants and drugs of abuse, ultimately enhancing our understanding of these complex processes and promoting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton C. Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Miriam B. Virgolini
- Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Técnicas (IFEC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis Elegans, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 592, Uruguaiana 97500-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo Scharf
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Jung Li
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA
| | - Alexey A. Tinkov
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150003, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Anatoly V. Skalny
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150003, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119435, Russia
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Aaron B. Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2051, USA
| | - João B. T. Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
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27
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Xue Q, Kang R, Klionsky DJ, Tang D, Liu J, Chen X. Copper metabolism in cell death and autophagy. Autophagy 2023; 19:2175-2195. [PMID: 37055935 PMCID: PMC10351475 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2200554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace element in biological systems, maintaining the activity of enzymes and the function of transcription factors. However, at high concentrations, copper ions show increased toxicity by inducing regulated cell death, such as apoptosis, paraptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis. Furthermore, copper ions can trigger macroautophagy/autophagy, a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway that plays a dual role in regulating the survival or death fate of cells under various stress conditions. Pathologically, impaired copper metabolism due to environmental or genetic causes is implicated in a variety of human diseases, such as rare Wilson disease and common cancers. Therapeutically, copper-based compounds are potential chemotherapeutic agents that can be used alone or in combination with other drugs or approaches to treat cancer. Here, we review the progress made in understanding copper metabolic processes and their impact on the regulation of cell death and autophagy. This knowledge may help in the design of future clinical tools to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment.Abbreviations: ACSL4, acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4; AIFM1/AIF, apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1; AIFM2, apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 2; ALDH, aldehyde dehydrogenase; ALOX, arachidonate lipoxygenase; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; APAF1, apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1; ATF4, activating transcription factor 4; ATG, autophagy related; ATG13, autophagy related 13; ATG5, autophagy related 5; ATOX1, antioxidant 1 copper chaperone; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; ATP7A, ATPase copper transporting alpha; ATP7B, ATPase copper transporting beta; BAK1, BCL2 antagonist/killer 1; BAX, BCL2 associated X apoptosis regulator; BBC3/PUMA, BCL2 binding component 3; BCS, bathocuproinedisulfonic acid; BECN1, beclin 1; BID, BH3 interacting domain death agonist; BRCA1, BRCA1 DNA repair associated; BSO, buthionine sulphoximine; CASP1, caspase 1; CASP3, caspase 3; CASP4/CASP11, caspase 4; CASP5, caspase 5; CASP8, caspase 8; CASP9, caspase 9; CCS, copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase; CD274/PD-L1, CD274 molecule; CDH2, cadherin 2; CDKN1A/p21, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A; CDKN1B/p27, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B; COMMD10, COMM domain containing 10; CoQ10, coenzyme Q 10; CoQ10H2, reduced coenzyme Q 10; COX11, cytochrome c oxidase copper chaperone COX11; COX17, cytochrome c oxidase copper chaperone COX17; CP, ceruloplasmin; CYCS, cytochrome c, somatic; DBH, dopamine beta-hydroxylase; DDIT3/CHOP, DNA damage inducible transcript 3; DLAT, dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase; DTC, diethyldithiocarbamate; EIF2A, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A; EIF2AK3/PERK, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ESCRT-III, endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III; ETC, electron transport chain; FABP3, fatty acid binding protein 3; FABP7, fatty acid binding protein 7; FADD, Fas associated via death domain; FAS, Fas cell surface death receptor; FASL, Fas ligand; FDX1, ferredoxin 1; GNAQ/11, G protein subunit alpha q/11; GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4; GSDMD, gasdermin D; GSH, glutathione; HDAC, histone deacetylase; HIF1, hypoxia inducible factor 1; HIF1A, hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha; HMGB1, high mobility group box 1; IL1B, interleukin 1 beta; IL17, interleukin 17; KRAS, KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase; LOX, lysyl oxidase; LPCAT3, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3; MAP1LC3, microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAP2K1, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1; MAP2K2, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases; MAPK14/p38, mitogen-activated protein kinase 14; MEMO1, mediator of cell motility 1; MT-CO1/COX1, mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I; MT-CO2/COX2, mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II; MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTs, metallothioneins; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; NFKB/NF-Κb, nuclear factor kappa B; NLRP3, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3; NPLOC4/NPL4, NPL4 homolog ubiquitin recognition factor; PDE3B, phosphodiesterase 3B; PDK1, phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1; PHD, prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain; PIK3C3/VPS34, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PMAIP1/NOXA, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1; POR, cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase; PUFA-PL, PUFA of phospholipids; PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SCO1, synthesis of cytochrome C oxidase 1; SCO2, synthesis of cytochrome C oxidase 2; SLC7A11, solute carrier family 7 member 11; SLC11A2/DMT1, solute carrier family 11 member 2; SLC31A1/CTR1, solute carrier family 31 member 1; SLC47A1, solute carrier family 47 member 1; SOD1, superoxide dismutase; SP1, Sp1 transcription factor; SQSTM1/p62, sequestosome 1; STEAP4, STEAP4 metalloreductase; TAX1BP1, Tax1 binding protein 1; TEPA, tetraethylenepentamine; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TM, tetrathiomolybdate; TP53/p53, tumor protein p53; TXNRD1, thioredoxin reductase 1; UCHL5, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L5; ULK1, Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; ULK1, unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; ULK2, unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 2; USP14, ubiquitin specific peptidase 14; VEGF, vascular endothelial gro wth factor; XIAP, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xue
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Xia Y, Tsim KWK, Wang WX. How fish cells responded to zinc challenges: Insights from bioimaging. Sci Total Environ 2023; 875:162538. [PMID: 36898541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Zinc ion (Zn) is an essential nutrition element and it is important to understand its regulation and distribution among different cellular organelles. Here, subcellular trafficking of Zn in rabbitfish fin cells was investigated through bioimaging, and the results showed that the toxicity and bioaccumulation of Zn were both dose- and time-dependent. Cytotoxicity of Zn only occurred when the Zn concentration reached 200-250 μM after 3 h of exposure when the cellular quota of Zn:P reached a threshold level around 0.7. Remarkably, the cells were able to maintain homeostasis at a low Zn exposure concentration or within the first 4-h exposure. Zn homeostasis was mainly regulated by the lysosomes which stored Zn within the short exposure period, during which the number and size of lysosomes as well as the lysozyme activity increased in response to incoming Zn. However, with increasing Zn concentration beyond a threshold concentration (> 200 μM) and an exposure time > 3 h, homeostasis was disrupted, leading to an Zn spillover to cytoplasm and other cellular organelles. At the same time, cell viability decreased due to the Zn damage on mitochondria which caused morphological changes (smaller and rounder dots) and over production of reactive oxygen species, indicating the dysfunction of mitochondria. By further purifying the cellular organelles, cell viability was found to be consistent with the mitochondrial Zn amount. This study suggested that the amount of mitochondrial Zn was an excellent predictor of Zn toxicity on fish cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiteng Xia
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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29
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Ijaz MU, Shahzadi S, Hamza A, Azmat R, Anwar H, Afsar T, Shafique H, Bhat MA, Naglah AM, Al-Omar MA, Razak S. Alleviative effects of pinostrobin against cadmium-induced renal toxicity in rats by reducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1175008. [PMID: 37342552 PMCID: PMC10278233 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1175008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal that can be found everywhere in the environment and can have harmful effects on both human and animal health. Pinostrobin (PSB) is a bioactive natural flavonoid isolated from Boesenbergia rotunda with several pharmacological properties, such as antiinflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and antiviral. This investigation was intended to assess the therapeutic potential of PSB against Cd-induced kidney damage in rats. Methods In total, 48 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: a control, a Cd (5 mg/kg), a Cd + PSB group (5 mg/kg Cd and 10 mg/kg PSB), and a PSB group (10 mg/kg) that received supplementation for 30 days. Results Exposure to Cd led to a decrease in the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), whereas levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased. Cd exposure also caused a substantial increase in urea, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and creatinine levels. Moreover, a noticeable decline was noticed in creatinine clearance. Moreover, Cd exposure considerably increased the levels of inflammatory indices, including interleukin-1b (IL-1b), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. Cd treatment decreased the expression of the antiapoptotic markers (Bcl-2) while increasing the expression of apoptotic markers (Bax and Caspase-3). Furthermore, Cd treatment substantially reduced the TCA cycle enzyme activity, such as alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase. Moreover, mitochondrial electron transport chain enzymes, succinatedehydrogenase, NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome c-oxidase, and coenzyme Q-cytochrome reductase activities were also decreased following Cd exposure. PSB administration substantially reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential while inducing significant histological damage. However, PSB treatment significantly reduced Cd-mediated renal damage in rats. Conclusion Thus, the present investigation discovered that PSB has ameliorative potential against Cd-induced renal dysfunction in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabahat Shahzadi
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Azmat
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Shafique
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mashooq Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Naglah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Al-Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Belyaeva EA. Modulators of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel affect cytotoxicity of heavy metals: Action on isolated rat liver mitochondria and AS-30D ascites hepatoma cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 256:114829. [PMID: 36989557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that are extremely dangerous for public health, but the molecular mechanisms of their cytotoxic action are still not fully understood. In the present work, the possible contribution of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mK(ATP)), which is usually considered protective for the cell, to hepatotoxicity caused by heavy metals was investigated using polarography and swelling techniques as well as flow cytometry. Using isolated liver mitochondria from adult male Wistar rats and various potassium media containing or not containing penetrating anions (KNO3, KSCN, KAcet, KCl), we studied the effect of mK(ATP) modulators, namely its blockers (5-hydroxydecanoate, glibenclamide, ATP, ADP) and activators (diazoxide, malonate), on respiration and/or membrane permeability in the presence of hepatotoxins such as Cd2+, Hg2+, and Cu2+. It has been shown for the first time that, contrary to Hg2+ and depending on media used, the mK(ATP) modulators affect Cd2+- and/or Cu2+-induced alterations in mitochondrial swelling and respiration rates, although differently, nevertheless, in the ways compatible with mK(ATP) participation in both these cases. On rat AS-30D ascites hepatoma cells, it was found that, unlike Cd2+, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species was observed with the simultaneous use of Cu2+ and diazoxide; in addition, there was no protective effect of diazoxide against cell death, which also occurred in the presence of Cu2+. In conclusion, the relationships (functional, structural and/or regulatory) between mK(ATP), components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (CI, CII-CIII and/or ATP synthase, CV) and mitochondrial permeability transition pores were discussed, as well as the role of these molecular structures in the mechanisms of the cytotoxic action of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Belyaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, Thorez av. 44, 194223, St.-Petersburg, Russia.
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Abruscato G, Chiarelli R, Lazzara V, Punginelli D, Sugár S, Mauro M, Librizzi M, Di Stefano V, Arizza V, Vizzini A, Vazzana M, Luparello C. In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect of Aqueous Extracts from Leaves and Rhizomes of the Seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells: Focus on Autophagy and Apoptosis. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:biology12040616. [PMID: 37106816 PMCID: PMC10135731 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous extracts from Posidonia oceanica's green and brown (beached) leaves and rhizomes were prepared, submitted to phenolic compound and proteomic analysis, and examined for their potential cytotoxic effect on HepG2 liver cancer cells in culture. The chosen endpoints related to survival and death were cell viability and locomotory behavior, cell-cycle analysis, apoptosis and autophagy, mitochondrial membrane polarization, and cell redox state. Here, we show that 24 h exposure to both green-leaf- and rhizome-derived extracts decreased tumor cell number in a dose-response manner, with a mean half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) estimated at 83 and 11.5 μg of dry extract/mL, respectively. Exposure to the IC50 of the extracts appeared to inhibit cell motility and long-term cell replicating capacity, with a more pronounced effect exerted by the rhizome-derived preparation. The underlying death-promoting mechanisms identified involved the down-regulation of autophagy, the onset of apoptosis, the decrease in the generation of reactive oxygen species, and the dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, although, at the molecular level, the two extracts appeared to elicit partially differentiating effects, conceivably due to their diverse composition. In conclusion, P. oceanica extracts merit further investigation to develop novel promising prevention and/or treatment agents, as well as beneficial supplements for the formulation of functional foods and food-packaging material with antioxidant and anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Abruscato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Lazzara
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Diletta Punginelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simon Sugár
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Manuela Mauro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariangela Librizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Aiti Vizzini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mirella Vazzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Luparello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Kamitsuka PJ, Ghanem MM, Ziar R, McDonald SE, Thomas MG, Kwakye GF. Defective Mitochondrial Dynamics and Protein Degradation Pathways Underlie Cadmium-Induced Neurotoxicity and Cell Death in Huntington's Disease Striatal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087178. [PMID: 37108341 PMCID: PMC10139096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd), can induce neurotoxicity and cell death. Cd is abundant in the environment and accumulates in the striatum, the primary brain region selectively affected by Huntington's disease (HD). We have previously reported that mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT) combined with chronic Cd exposure induces oxidative stress and promotes metal dyshomeostasis, resulting in cell death in a striatal cell model of HD. To understand the effect of acute Cd exposure on mitochondrial health and protein degradation pathways, we hypothesized that expression of mHTT coupled with acute Cd exposure would cooperatively alter mitochondrial bioenergetics and protein degradation mechanisms in striatal STHdh cells to reveal novel pathways that augment Cd cytotoxicity and HD pathogenicity. We report that mHTT cells are significantly more susceptible to acute Cd-induced cell death as early as 6 h after 40 µM CdCl2 exposure compared with wild-type (WT). Confocal microscopy, biochemical assays, and immunoblotting analysis revealed that mHTT and acute Cd exposure synergistically impair mitochondrial bioenergetics by reducing mitochondrial potential and cellular ATP levels and down-regulating the essential pro-fusion proteins MFN1 and MFN2. These pathogenic effects triggered cell death. Furthermore, Cd exposure increases the expression of autophagic markers, such as p62, LC3, and ATG5, and reduces the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system to promote neurodegeneration in HD striatal cells. Overall, these results reveal a novel mechanism to further establish Cd as a pathogenic neuromodulator in striatal HD cells via Cd-triggered neurotoxicity and cell death mediated by an impairment in mitochondrial bioenergetics and autophagy with subsequent alteration in protein degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Kamitsuka
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Marwan M Ghanem
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Rania Ziar
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Sarah E McDonald
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Morgan G Thomas
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Gunnar F Kwakye
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
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Everman ER, Macdonald SJ, Kelly JK. The genetic basis of adaptation to copper pollution in Drosophila melanogaster. Front Genet 2023; 14:1144221. [PMID: 37082199 PMCID: PMC10110907 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1144221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Heavy metal pollutants can have long lasting negative impacts on ecosystem health and can shape the evolution of species. The persistent and ubiquitous nature of heavy metal pollution provides an opportunity to characterize the genetic mechanisms that contribute to metal resistance in natural populations. Methods: We examined variation in resistance to copper, a common heavy metal contaminant, using wild collections of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. Flies were collected from multiple sites that varied in copper contamination risk. We characterized phenotypic variation in copper resistance within and among populations using bulked segregant analysis to identify regions of the genome that contribute to copper resistance. Results and Discussion: Copper resistance varied among wild populations with a clear correspondence between resistance level and historical exposure to copper. We identified 288 SNPs distributed across the genome associated with copper resistance. Many SNPs had population-specific effects, but some had consistent effects on copper resistance in all populations. Significant SNPs map to several novel candidate genes involved in refolding disrupted proteins, energy production, and mitochondrial function. We also identified one SNP with consistent effects on copper resistance in all populations near CG11825, a gene involved in copper homeostasis and copper resistance. We compared the genetic signatures of copper resistance in the wild-derived populations to genetic control of copper resistance in the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource (DSPR) and the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), two copper-naïve laboratory populations. In addition to CG11825, which was identified as a candidate gene in the wild-derived populations and previously in the DSPR, there was modest overlap of copper-associated SNPs between the wild-derived populations and laboratory populations. Thirty-one SNPs associated with copper resistance in wild-derived populations fell within regions of the genome that were associated with copper resistance in the DSPR in a prior study. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the genetic control of copper resistance is highly polygenic, and that several loci can be clearly linked to genes involved in heavy metal toxicity response. The mixture of parallel and population-specific SNPs points to a complex interplay between genetic background and the selection regime that modifies the effects of genetic variation on copper resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stuart J. Macdonald
- Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - John K. Kelly
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
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Sasikumar S, Yuvraj S, Veilumuthu P, Godwin Christopher JS, Anandkumar P, Nagarajan T, Sureshkumar S, Selvam GS. Ascorbic acid attenuates cadmium-induced myocardial hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte injury through Nrf2 signaling pathways comparable to resveratrol. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:108. [PMID: 36875963 PMCID: PMC9978049 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03527-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic cadmium (Cd) exposure severely affects the structural integrity of the heart, leading to cardiovascular disease. This study investigates the protective role of ascorbic acid (AA) and resveratrol (Res) in cellular defense against Cd-induced cardiomyocyte damage and myocardial hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Experimental results showed that AA and Res treatment significantly increased cell viability, reduced ROS production, attenuated lipid peroxidation, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity in Cd-induced H9c2 cells. AA and Res decreased the mitochondrial membrane permeability and protected the cells from Cd induced cardiomyocyte damage. This also suppressed the pathological hypertrophic response triggered by Cd, which increased the cell size of cardiomyocytes. Gene expression studies revealed that cells treated with AA and Res decreased the expression of hypertrophic genes ANP (two-fold), BNP (one-fold) and β- MHC (two-fold) compared to Cd exposed cells. AA and Res promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased the expression of antioxidant genes (HO-1, NQO1, SOD and CAT) during Cd mediated myocardial hypertrophy. This study proves that AA and Res play a significant role in improving Nrf2 signaling, thereby reversing stress-induced injury, and facilitating the regression of myocardial hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaresan Sasikumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021 India
| | - Subramani Yuvraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021 India
| | | | | | | | | | - Selvaraj Sureshkumar
- Department of Microbiology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Govindan Sadasivam Selvam
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021 India
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Liu C, Li H, Duan W, Duan Y, Yu Q, Zhang T, Sun Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Xu S. MCU Upregulation Overactivates Mitophagy by Promoting VDAC1 Dimerization and Ubiquitination in the Hepatotoxicity of Cadmium. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2203869. [PMID: 36642847 PMCID: PMC9982555 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a high-risk pathogenic toxin for hepatic diseases. Excessive mitophagy is a hallmark in Cd-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is a key regulator for mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis. Here, Cd exposure upregulated MCU expression and increased mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake are found. MCU inhibition through siRNA or by Ru360 significantly attenuates Cd-induced excessive mitophagy, thereby rescues mitochondrial dysfunction and increases hepatocyte viability. Heterozygous MCU knockout mice exhibit improved liver function, ameliorated pathological damage, less mitochondrial fragmentation, and mitophagy after Cd exposure. Mechanistically, Cd upregulates MCU expression through phosphorylation activation of cAMP-response element binding protein at Ser133(CREBS133 ) and subsequent binding of MCU promoter at the TGAGGTCT, ACGTCA, and CTCCGTGATGTA regions, leading to increased MCU gene transcription. The upregulated MCU intensively interacts with voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1), enhances its dimerization and ubiquitination, resulting in excessive mitophagy. This study reveals a novel mechanism, through which Cd upregulates MCU to enhance mitophagy and hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Juan Li
- Institute of Rocket Force MedicineState Key Laboratory of TraumaBurns and Combined InjuryThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038P. R. China
| | - Wei‐Xia Duan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Yu Duan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Qin Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- Bioengineering College of Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Pei Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- School of Public HealthNanjing Medical University211166NanjingP. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Yong‐Sheng Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Shang‐Cheng Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
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Ravikumar Y, Madhuri D, Lakshman M, Gopalareddy A, Kalakumar B, Anilkumar B. Cadmium and Chlorpyrifos Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Brain, Liver and Kidney of Wistar Rats. Toxicol Int 2023. [DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The work was designed with 4 groups for 28 days. 1: Control. 2: CdCl2 @ 22.5mg/ kg b.wt / oral. 3: CPF @ 25 mg/ kg b.wt /per oral. 4: CdCl2@22.5 mg + CPF @ 25 mg/ kg b.wt /per oral. Higher mean values of liver, kidney and brain TBARS were observed in G-2, 3 and 4 on 15th and 29th day. Liver section in group 2 revealed mild degenerative changes in group 3; in group 4 mild to moderate peri portal fibrosis. Kidney section in group 2 showed shrunken glomeruli, necrosis; kidney section showed degeneration and necrosis of tubular epithelium with casts in the lumen in group 3 and necrosis with casts in the lumen in group 4. Brain section in group 2 showed mild perivascular cuffing, mild to moderate degeneration of Purkinji cells in group 3 and in group 4 degeneration of Purkinje cells. Effects in G-4 were severe than individual groups due to synergistic action of the combined pollutants than the individual effects.
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Islam S, Kamila S, Chattopadhyay A. Toxic and carcinogenic effects of hexavalent chromium in mammalian cells in vivo and in vitro: a recent update. J Environ Sci Health C Toxicol Carcinog 2023; 40:282-315. [PMID: 36728911 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2022.2158675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chromium VI (Cr (VI)) can cross cell membranes readily and causes the formation of Cr-DNA adducts, genomic damages, elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alteration of survival signaling pathways, as evidenced by the modulation in p53 signaling pathway. Mammals, including humans are exposed to Cr, including Cr (VI), frequently through inhalation, drinking water, and food. Several studies demonstrated that Cr (VI) induces cellular death through apoptosis and autophagy, genotoxicity, functional alteration of mitochondria, endocrine and reproductive impairments. In the present review, studies on deleterious effects of Cr (VI) exposure to mammalian cells (in vivo and in vitro) have been documented. Special attention is paid to the underlying molecular mechanism of Cr (VI) toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehnaz Islam
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Sreejata Kamila
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
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Araujo ANM, Leroux IN, Furtado DZS, Ferreira APSDS, Batista BL, Silva HDT, Handakas E, Assunção NA, Olympio KPK. Integration of proteomic and metabolomic analyses: New insights for mapping informal workers exposed to potentially toxic elements. Front Public Health 2023; 10:899638. [PMID: 36761330 PMCID: PMC9905639 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.899638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a concerning reality of informal workers engaged in the jewelry production chain that can lead to adverse health effects. In this study, untargeted proteomic and metabolomic analyses were employed to assess the impact of these exposures on informal workers' exposome in Limeira city, São Paulo state, Brazil. PTE levels (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg, and Pb) were determined in blood, proteomic analyses were performed for saliva samples (n = 26), and metabolomic analyses in plasma (n = 145) using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometry. Blood PTE levels of workers, controls, and their family members were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). High concentration levels of Sn and Cu were detected in welders' blood (p < 0.001). Statistical analyses were performed using MetaboAnalyst 4.0. The results showed that 26 proteins were upregulated, and 14 proteins downregulated on the welder group, and thirty of these proteins were also correlated with blood Pb, Cu, Sb, and Sn blood levels in the welder group (p < 0.05). Using gene ontology analysis of these 40 proteins revealed the biological processes related to the upregulated proteins were translational initiation, SRP-dependent co-translational protein targeting to membrane, and viral transcription. A Metabolome-Wide Association Study (MWAS) was performed to search for associations between blood metabolites and exposure groups. A pathway enrichment analysis of significant features from the MWAS was then conducted with Mummichog. A total of 73 metabolomic compounds and 40 proteins up or down-regulated in welders were used to perform a multi-omics analysis, disclosing seven metabolic pathways potentially disturbed by the informal work: valine leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, valine leucine and isoleucine degradation, arginine and proline metabolism, ABC transporters, central carbon metabolism in cancer, arachidonic acid metabolism and cysteine and methionine metabolism. The majority of the proteins found to be statistically up or downregulated in welders also correlated with at least one blood PTE level, providing insights into the biological responses to PTE exposures in the informal work exposure scenario. These findings shed new light on the effects of occupational activity on workers' exposome, underscoring the harmful effects of PTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alda Neis Miranda Araujo
- Graduate Program in Translational Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Nogueira Leroux
- School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle Zildeana Sousa Furtado
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Environmental, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil,Technology School of Teresina, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Lemos Batista
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heron Dominguez Torres Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Environmental, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evangelos Handakas
- Department of Medicine, Computation and Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nilson Antônio Assunção
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Environmental, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil,Nilson Antônio Assunção ✉
| | - Kelly Polido Kaneshiro Olympio
- School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,*Correspondence: Kelly Polido Kaneshiro Olympio ✉
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Manoj KM, Gideon DA, Bazhin NM, Tamagawa H, Nirusimhan V, Kavdia M, Jaeken L. Na,K-ATPase: A murzyme facilitating thermodynamic equilibriums at the membrane-interface. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:109-136. [PMID: 36502470 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The redox metabolic paradigm of murburn concept advocates that diffusible reactive species (DRS, particularly oxygen-centric radicals) are mainstays of physiology, and not mere pathological manifestations. The murburn purview of cellular function also integrates the essential principles of bioenergetics, thermogenesis, homeostasis, electrophysiology, and coherence. In this context, any enzyme that generates/modulates/utilizes/sustains DRS functionality is called a murzyme. We have demonstrated that several water-soluble (peroxidases, lactate dehydrogenase, hemogoblin, etc.) and membrane-embedded (Complexes I-V in mitochondria, Photosystems I/II in chloroplasts, rhodopsin/transducin in rod cells, etc.) proteins serve as murzymes. The membrane protein of Na,K-ATPase (NKA, also known as sodium-potassium pump) is the focus of this article, owing to its centrality in neuro-cardio-musculo electrophysiology. Herein, via a series of critical queries starting from the geometric/spatio-temporal considerations of diffusion/mass transfer of solutes in cells to an update on structural/distributional features of NKA in diverse cellular systems, and from various mechanistic aspects of ion-transport (thermodynamics, osmoregulation, evolutionary dictates, etc.) to assays/explanations of inhibitory principles like cardiotonic steroids (CTS), we first highlight some unresolved problems in the field. Thereafter, we propose and apply a minimalist murburn model of trans-membrane ion-differentiation by NKA to address the physiological inhibitory effects of trans-dermal peptide, lithium ion, volatile anesthetics, confirmed interfacial DRS + proton modulators like nitrophenolics and unsaturated fatty acid, and the diverse classes of molecules like CTS, arginine, oximes, etc. These explanations find a pan-systemic connectivity with the inhibitions/uncouplings of other membrane proteins in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelath Murali Manoj
- Satyamjayatu: The Science & Ethics Foundation, Kulappully, Shoranur-2, Kerala, India
| | - Daniel A Gideon
- Satyamjayatu: The Science & Ethics Foundation, Kulappully, Shoranur-2, Kerala, India
| | - Nikolai M Bazhin
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Hirohisa Tamagawa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu City, Japan
| | - Vijay Nirusimhan
- Satyamjayatu: The Science & Ethics Foundation, Kulappully, Shoranur-2, Kerala, India
| | - Mahendra Kavdia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Laurent Jaeken
- Department of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Karel de Grote-Hogeschool, Antwerp University Association, Antwerp, Belgium
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Gumus E, Sisko A, Abas BI, Demirkan B, Cevik O. Quercetin protects mouse oocytes against chromium-induced damage in vitro and in vivo. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 75:127087. [PMID: 36209711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromium (Cr) is a naturally-occurring element that is used in various fields of industry. Humans may be exposed to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], which is one of the stable valence states of the chromium through contaminated soil, air, and water. Exposure to Cr(VI) through contaminated drinking water, soil and air causes various cancers and also fertility problems in animals and humans. Quercetin (QCT), a common flavonoid compound, has numerous biological effects as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger, but its function and mechanisms in reproductive processes in various species remain unclear. This study aims to determine the chromium effects on mice oocyte quality and the ameliorative effect of QCT in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. METHODS For the in vitro experiment, oocytes were collected and divided into the control, sham, QCT-treated, Cr(VI) (potassium dichromate), and treatment [Cr(VI)+QCT] groups. Collected oocytes were cultured in maturation medium with or without 10 µM quercetin and 10 µM Cr(VI) for 14 h based on the defined experimental design. For the in vivo experiment, the mice were randomly divided into the control, sham, QCT-treated, Cr(VI), and Cr(VI) + QCT groups. Control and sham mice received regular drinking water and diet. Cr(VI) group received Cr(VI) (50 ppm in drinking water) and Cr(VI) + QCT group received 50 ppm Cr(VI) with QCT (20 mg/kg body wt, through i.p) for a period of 21 days and then oocytes were collected and cultured for 14 h for in vitro maturation. For both experiments, at the end of the culture period, we examined the ameliorative effect of QCT on oocyte maturation, spindle formation, ROS production, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis. RESULTS Our in vitro and in vivo results showed that Cr(VI) disrupt the oocyte maturation and spindle formation (P < 0.001). Furthermore, we found that exposure to Cr(VI) significantly increased ROS levels and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.001). In addition, exposure to Cr(VI) induced early apoptosis and downregulated the Bcl-2 mRNA expression and upregulated the Caspase-3 and Bax mRNAs expression (P < 0.01). Finally, quercetin significantly restored the detrimental effects of Cr(VI). CONCLUSION The results indicated that quercetin protects the oocytes against Cr(VI) toxicity through the suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis. The conclusions drawn from our study's findings suggest that quercetin might be useful agent for oocyte maturation in case of possible exposure to toxic substances such as chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Gumus
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Asli Sisko
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Burcin Irem Abas
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Busra Demirkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cevik
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
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Omar UM, Elmorsy EM, Al-Ghafari AB. Mitochondrial disruption in isolated human monocytes: an underlying mechanism for cadmium-induced immunotoxicity. J Immunotoxicol 2022; 19:81-92. [PMID: 36067115 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2022.2113840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an immunotoxic metal frequently found in the environment. The in vitro study undertaken here evaluated the immunotoxic effects of Cd in isolated human peripheral blood monocytes (hPBM). The results of the studies of exposures to varying doses of Cd (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 µM, as cadmium dichloride [CdCl2]) for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr showed the test agent was cytotoxic to the cells in time- and concentration-related manners. Thereafter, using only those doses found to not cause extreme cell lethality a 48-hr period, the impact of 0.1 or 1 µM CdCl2 on the cells was evaluated. Functionally, CdCl2 treatment led to time- and concentration-related decreases in hPBM phagocytic activities as well as in the ability of the cells to form/release cytokines (including tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α and interleukin [IL]-6 and -8). The CdCl2 also led to significantly decreased ATP production (in part, via inhibition of mitochondrial complexes I and III) as well as in mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP) and oxygen consumption rates (OCR; associated with parallel increases in cell lactate production) in the cells. In addition, CdCl2 treatment resulted in significant increases in mitochondrial membrane fluidity (MMF) and cell unsaturated fatty acid content. Based on the results here, one might conclude that some of the effects that arose during the CdCl2-induced dysfunction of the isolated hPBM (i.e. changes phagocytic activity, cytokine formation/secretion) could have evolved secondary to CdCl2-induced disruptions of hPBM cell bioenergetics - an effect that itself was a culmination of an overall toxicity from CdCl2 upon the mitochondria within these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulfat M Omar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ekramy M Elmorsy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayat B Al-Ghafari
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Research Center, Dar Al-Hekma University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Reddam A, McLarnan S, Kupsco A. Environmental Chemical Exposures and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: a Review of Recent Literature. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:631-49. [PMID: 35902457 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mitochondria play various roles that are important for cell function and survival; therefore, significant mitochondrial dysfunction may have chronic consequences that extend beyond the cell. Mitochondria are already susceptible to damage, which may be exacerbated by environmental exposures. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the recent literature (2012-2022) looking at the effects of six ubiquitous classes of compounds on mitochondrial dysfunction in human populations. RECENT FINDINGS The literature suggests that there are a number of biomarkers that are commonly used to identify mitochondrial dysfunction, each with certain advantages and limitations. Classes of environmental toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, air pollutants, heavy metals, endocrine-disrupting compounds, pesticides, and nanomaterials can damage the mitochondria in varied ways, with changes in mtDNA copy number and measures of oxidative damage the most commonly measured in human populations. Other significant biomarkers include changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, calcium levels, and ATP levels. This review identifies the biomarkers that are commonly used to characterize mitochondrial dysfunction but suggests that emerging mitochondrial biomarkers, such as cell-free mitochondria and blood cardiolipin levels, may provide greater insight into the impacts of exposures on mitochondrial function. This review identifies that the mtDNA copy number and measures of oxidative damage are commonly used to characterize mitochondrial dysfunction, but suggests using novel approaches in addition to well-characterized ones to create standardized protocols. We identified a dearth of studies on mitochondrial dysfunction in human populations exposed to metals, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, pesticides, and nanoparticles as a gap in knowledge that needs attention.
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Brix KV, De Boeck G, Baken S, Fort DJ. Adverse Outcome Pathways for Chronic Copper Toxicity to Fish and Amphibians. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022; 41:2911-2927. [PMID: 36148934 PMCID: PMC9828004 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present review, we synthesize information on the mechanisms of chronic copper (Cu) toxicity using an adverse outcome pathway framework and identify three primary pathways for chronic Cu toxicity: disruption of sodium homeostasis, effects on bioenergetics, and oxidative stress. Unlike acute Cu toxicity, disruption of sodium homeostasis is not a driving mechanism of chronic toxicity, but compensatory responses in this pathway contribute to effects on organism bioenergetics. Effects on bioenergetics clearly contribute to chronic Cu toxicity with impacts at multiple lower levels of biological organization. However, quantitatively translating these impacts into effects on apical endpoints such as growth, amphibian metamorphosis, and reproduction remains elusive and requires further study. Copper-induced oxidative stress occurs in most tissues of aquatic vertebrates and is clearly a significant driver of chronic Cu toxicity. Although antioxidant responses and capacities differ among tissues, there is no clear indication that specific tissues are more sensitive than others to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress leads to increased apoptosis and cellular damage in multiple tissues, including some that contribute to bioenergetic effects. This also includes oxidative damage to tissues involved in neuroendocrine axes and this damage likely alters the normal function of these tissues. Importantly, Cu-induced changes in hormone concentrations and gene expression in endocrine-mediated pathways such as reproductive steroidogenesis and amphibian metamorphosis are likely the result of oxidative stress-induced tissue damage and not endocrine disruption. Overall, we conclude that oxidative stress is likely the primary driver of chronic Cu toxicity in aquatic vertebrates, with bioenergetic effects and compensatory response to disruption of sodium homeostasis contributing to some degree to observed effects on apical endpoints. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2911-2927. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin V. Brix
- EcoToxMiamiFloridaUSA
- Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Sciences, Department of Marine Biology and EcologyUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
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Yi L, Shang XJ, Lv L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Quan C, Shi Y, Liu Y, Zhang L. Cadmium-induced apoptosis of Leydig cells is mediated by excessive mitochondrial fission and inhibition of mitophagy. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:928. [PMID: 36335091 PMCID: PMC9637113 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05364-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is one of the environmental and occupational pollutants and its potential adverse effects on human health have given rise to substantial concern. Cadmium causes damage to the male reproductive system via induction of germ-cell apoptosis; however, the underlying mechanism of cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity in Leydig cells remains unclear. In this study, twenty mice were divided randomly into four groups and exposed to CdCl2 at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg/day for four consecutive weeks. Testicular injury, abnormal spermatogenesis and apoptosis of Leydig cells were observed in mice. In order to investigate the mechanism of cadmium-induced apoptosis of Leydig cells, a model of mouse Leydig cell line (i.e. TM3 cells) was subjected to treatment with various concentrations of CdCl2. It was found that mitochondrial function was disrupted by cadmium, which also caused a significant elevation in levels of mitochondrial superoxide and cellular ROS. Furthermore, while cadmium increased the expression of mitochondrial fission proteins (DRP1 and FIS1), it reduced the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins (OPA1 and MFN1). This led to excessive mitochondrial fission, the release of cytochrome c and apoptosis. Conversely, cadmium-induced accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide was decreased by the inhibition of mitochondrial fission through the use of Mdivi-1 (an inhibitor of DRP1). Mdivi-1 also partially prevented the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol and attenuated cell apoptosis. Finally, given the accumulation of LC3II and SQSTM1/p62 and the obstruction of Parkin recruitment into damaged mitochondria in TM3 cells, the autophagosome-lysosome fusion was probably inhibited by cadmium. Overall, these findings suggest that cadmium induces apoptosis of mouse Leydig cells via the induction of excessive mitochondrial fission and inhibition of mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingna Yi
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xue-Jun Shang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Linglu Lv
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Chao Quan
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yuqin Shi
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yunhao Liu
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Rost-Roszkowska M, Poprawa I, Chajec Ł, Chachulska-Żymełka A, Wilczek G, Skowronek M, Student S, Leśniewska M. Hazards related to the presence of cadmium in food - Studies on the European soil centipede, Lithobius forficatus. Sci Total Environ 2022; 845:157298. [PMID: 35839889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The soil is an environment rich in numerous potentially toxic substances/elements when present at elevated concentrations. They can be transported through the successive levels of the trophic chain. Animals living in a contaminated environment or eating contaminated food can accumulate potentially toxic elements in their bodies. One of the potentially toxic metals is cadmium, which accumulates significantly in soils. The aim of our research was to evaluate the changes caused by cadmium supplied with the food administered to invertebrates living in uncontaminated soil. The results were compared with those obtained for animals raised in contaminated soil, where cadmium entered the body via the epidermis. As the material for studies, we chose a common European soil centipede, Lithobius forficatus. Adult specimens were divided into the following experimental groups: C - control animals, Cd12 and Cd45 - animals fed with Chironomus larvae maintained in water containing 80 mg/l CdCl2, for 12 and 45 days, respectively. The material was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analysis (transmission electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, atomic absorption spectrometry). Eventually, we can conclude that the digestive system is an effective barrier against the effects of toxic metals on the entire organism, but among the gonads, ovaries are more protected than testes, however, this protection is not sufficient. Accumulation of spherites and mitochondrial alterations are probably involved in survival mechanisms of tissues after Cd intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Izabela Poprawa
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Łukasz Chajec
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Alina Chachulska-Żymełka
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Grażyna Wilczek
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skowronek
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sebastian Student
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; Silesian University of Technology, Biotechnology Center, Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Leśniewska
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Department of General Zoology, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Alimba CG, Sivanesan S, Krishnamurthi K. Mitochondrial dysfunctions elicited by solid waste leachates provide insights into mechanisms of leachates induced cell death and pathophysiological disorders. Chemosphere 2022; 307:136085. [PMID: 36007733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Emissions (mainly leachates and landfill gases) from solid waste facilities are laden with mixtures of dangerous xenobiotics implicated with significant increase in various pathophysiological disorders including cancer, and eventual mortality of exposed wildlife and humans. However, the molecular mechanisms of solid waste leachates induce pathophysiological disorders and cell death are still largely unknown. Although, evolving evidence implicated generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress as the possible mechanism. Recent scientific reports are linking reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunctions as the player mechanism in pathophysiological disorder and apoptosis induced by xenobiotics in solid waste leachates. This systematic review presents an explicit discussion of recent scientific findings on the structural and functional alterations in mitochondria induced by solid waste leachates as the molecular mechanisms plausibly responsible for the pathophysiological disorders, cancer and cell death reported in landfill toxicology and epidemiological studies. This review aims to increase scientific understanding on solid waste leachate induced mitochondria dysfunctions as the key player in molecular mechanisms of solid waste induced toxicity. The findings in this review were mainly from using primary cells, cell lines, Drosophila and fish. Whether the findings will similarly be observed in mammalian test systems in vivo and particularly in exposed humans, remained to be investigated. Improvement in technological advancements, enforcement of legislation and regulations, and creation of sophisticated health surveillance against exposure to solid waste leachates, will expectedly mitigate human exposure to solid waste emissions and contamination of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuisi Gideon Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Saravanadevi Sivanesan
- Health and Toxicity Cell (HTC), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India; Academy of Scientific, Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P, India
| | - Kannan Krishnamurthi
- Health and Toxicity Cell (HTC), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India; Academy of Scientific, Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P, India.
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Grivennikova VG, Khailova LS, Zharova TV, Kotova EA, Antonenko YN. Inhibition of respiratory complex I by 6-ketocholestanol: Relevance to recoupling action in mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 2022; 1863:148594. [PMID: 35850263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
6-Ketocholestanol (kCh) is known as a mitochondrial recoupler, i.e. it abolishes uncoupling of mitochondria by such potent agents as carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) and 3,5-di(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxybenzylidenemalononitril (SF6847) [Starkov et al., 1997]. Here, we report data on the kCh-induced inhibition of both NADH-oxidase and NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase activities of the respiratory complex I in bovine heart submitochondrial particles (SMP). Based on the absence of such inhibition with hexaammineruthenium (III) (HAR) as the complex I electron acceptor, the kCh effect could be associated with the ubiquinone-binding centre of this respiratory enzyme. In isolated rat liver mitochondria (RLM), kCh inhibited oxygen consumption with the glutamate/malate, substrates of NAD-linked dehydrogenases, while no inhibition of RLM respiration was observed with succinate, in agreement with the absence of the kCh effect on the succinate oxidase activity in SMP. Three kCh analogs (cholesterol, 6α-hydroxycholesterol, and 5α,6α-epoxycholesterol) exhibited no effect on the NADH oxidase activities in both SMP and RLM. Importantly, the kCh analogs were ineffective in the recoupling of RLM treated with CCCP or SF6847. Therefore, interaction of kCh with the complex I may be involved in the kCh-mediated mitochondrial recoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera G Grivennikova
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation.
| | - Ljudmila S Khailova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana V Zharova
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Elena A Kotova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri N Antonenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
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Souza-Arroyo V, Fabián JJ, Bucio-Ortiz L, Miranda-Labra RU, Gomez-Quiroz LE, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC. The mechanism of the cadmium-induced toxicity and cellular response in the liver. Toxicology 2022; 480:153339. [PMID: 36167199 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a toxic element to which man can be exposed at work or in the environment. Cd's most salient toxicological property is its exceptionally long half-life in the human body. Once absorbed, Cd accumulates in the human body, particularly in the liver. The cellular actions of Cd are extensively documented, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these actions are still not resolved. The liver manages the cadmium to eliminate it by a diverse mechanism of action. Still, many cellular and physiological responses are executed in the task, leading to worse liver damage, ranging from steatosis, steatohepatitis, and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma. The progression of cadmium-induced liver damage is complex, and it is well-known the cellular response that depends on the time in which the metal is present, ranging from oxidative stress, apoptosis, adipogenesis, and failures in autophagy. In the present work, we aim to present a review of the current knowledge of cadmium toxicity and the cellular response in the liver.
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Tang Y, Li Q, Zhang D, Ma Z, Yang J, Cui Y, Zhang A. Cuproptosis-related gene signature correlates with the tumor immune features and predicts the prognosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients. Front Genet 2022; 13:977156. [PMID: 36186452 PMCID: PMC9515444 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.977156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although a majority of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (es-LUAD) patients have a favorable prognosis, there are still some cases with a risk of recurrence and metastasis. Cuproptosis is a new form of death that differs from other programmed cell death. However, no study has been reported for setting a prognostic model of es-LUAD using cuproptosis pattern-related genes.Methods: Using multiple R packages, the data from the GEO database was processed, and es-LUAD patients was classified into two patterns based on cuproptosis-related genes. Key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the two patterns were screened to construct a prognostic signature to assess differences in biological processes and immunotherapy responses in es-LUAD. Tumor microenvironment (TME) in es-LUAD was analyzed using algorithms such as TIMER and ssGSEA. Then, a more accurate nomogram was constructed by combining risk scores with clinical factors.Results: Functional enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs in two patterns were correlated with organelle fission, nuclear division, chromosome segregation, and cycle-related pathways. Univariate Cox regression and Lasso-Cox regression analyses identified six prognostic genes: ASPM, CCNB2, CDC45, CHEK1, NCAPG, and SPAG5. Based on the constructed model, we found that the high-risk group patients had higher expression of immune checkpoints (CTLA4, LAG3, PD-L1, TIGIT and TIM3), and a lower abundance of immune cells. Lastly, the nomogram was highly accurate in predicting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival status of patients with es-LUAD based on risk scores and clinical factors.Conclusion: The cuproptosis pattern-related signature can serve as a potential marker for clinical decision-making. It has huge potential in the future to guide the frequency of follow-up and adjuvant therapy for es-LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qifan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daoqi Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine Teaching and Research Section, Xuancheng Vocational and Technical College, Xuancheng, China
| | - Zijian Ma
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Aiping Zhang, ; Jian Yang, ; Yuan Cui,
| | - Yuan Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Aiping Zhang, ; Jian Yang, ; Yuan Cui,
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Aiping Zhang, ; Jian Yang, ; Yuan Cui,
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Yang Q, Fang Y, Zhang C, Liu X, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Yang J, Yong K. Exposure to zinc induces lysosomal-mitochondrial axis-mediated apoptosis in PK-15 cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 241:113716. [PMID: 35667309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn), a kind of metallic element, can cause poisonous effects on host physiology when its excess exposure. Lysosomes and mitochondria are the toxic targets of heavy metals, and the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis is also verified to take part in apoptosis, but the related underlying mechanisms in Zn-induced cytotoxicity remain undefined. Here, we identified that excess Zn could cause cell damage in PK-15 cells accompanied by the lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction, with the evidence by the elevated levels of cathepsin B/D (CTSB/CTSD) in cytoplasm and decrease of Lyso-Tracker Red signal, red fluorescence intensity of AO staining, mitochondrial complex enzyme activities and ATP production. Additionally, the number of Annexin V+/PI--stained cells, apoptosis-related genes (Bax, Bid, Bak1, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3) and proteins levels of Bax, Bak1, Caspase-9, cleaved Caspase-3 and cytoplasmic Cyt C were signally elevated under Zn exposure, while the protein levels of Bcl2 and mitochondrial Cyt C were observably decreased. Importantly, Pepstatin A (the activity inhibitor of CTSD) and RNA interference of CTSD (si-CTSD) was used to reduce the release of lysosomal CTSD to the cytoplasm, which could signally alleviated Zn-induced mitochondrial damage and apoptosis. In summary, these results suggested that Zn could induced lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction in PK-15 cells, and the CTSD played an important role in Zn-induced lysosomal-mitochondrial axis-mediated apoptosis. Our results provided a new insight in Zn-induced toxicology, which for protecting the ecological environment and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Yang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yudong Fang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chuanshi Zhang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Youhua Wu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Kang Yong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, PR China.
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