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Li X, Fu J, Guan M, Shi H, Pan W, Lou X. Biochanin A attenuates spinal cord injury in rats during early stages by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammasome activation. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2050-2056. [PMID: 38227535 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202409000-00038/figure1/v/2024-01-16T170235Z/r/image-tiff Previous studies have shown that Biochanin A, a flavonoid compound with estrogenic effects, can serve as a neuroprotective agent in the context of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury; however, its effect on spinal cord injury is still unclear. In this study, a rat model of spinal cord injury was established using the heavy object impact method, and the rats were then treated with Biochanin A (40 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection for 14 consecutive days. The results showed that Biochanin A effectively alleviated spinal cord neuronal injury and spinal cord tissue injury, reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in spinal cord neurons, and reduced apoptosis and pyroptosis. In addition, Biochanin A inhibited the expression of inflammasome-related proteins (ASC, NLRP3, and GSDMD) and the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB pathway, activated the Nrf2/heme oxygenase 1 signaling pathway, and increased the expression of the autophagy markers LC3 II, Beclin-1, and P62. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of Biochanin A on early post-spinal cord injury were similar to those of methylprednisolone. These findings suggest that Biochanin A protected neurons in the injured spinal cord through the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κB and Nrf2/heme oxygenase 1 signaling pathways. These findings suggest that Biochanin A can alleviate post-spinal cord injury at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xigong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Stomatology, Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haifei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenming Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, and Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical School, the Second People's Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xianfeng Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Ye J, Chang T, Zhang X, Wei D, Wang Y. Mefenamic acid exhibits antitumor activity against osteosarcoma by impeding cell growth and prompting apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells and xenograft mice model. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 393:110931. [PMID: 38423378 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The study investigates the anticancer activity of mefenamic acid against osteosarcoma, shedding light on its underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Mefenamic acid exhibited robust inhibitory effects on the proliferation of MG-63, HOS, and H2OS osteosarcoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, mefenamic acid induced cellular toxicity in MG63 cells, as evidenced by LDH leakage, reflecting its cytotoxic impact. Furthermore, mefenamic acid effectively suppressed the migration and invasion of MG-63 cells. Mechanistically, mefenamic acid induced apoptosis in MG-63 cells through mitochondrial depolarization, activation of caspase-dependent pathways, and modulation of the Bcl-2/Bax axis. Additionally, mefenamic acid promoted autophagy and inhibited the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, further contributing to its antitumor effects. The molecular docking studies provide compelling evidence that mefenamic acid interacts specifically and strongly with key proteins in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, suggesting a novel mechanism by which mefenamic acid could exert anti-osteosarcoma effects. In vivo studies using a xenograft mouse model demonstrated significant inhibition of MG-63 tumor growth without adverse effects, supporting the translational potential of mefenamic acid as a safe and effective therapeutic agent against osteosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry staining corroborated the in vivo findings, highlighting mefenamic acid's ability to suppress tumor proliferation and inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway within the tumor microenvironment. Collectively, these results underscore the promising therapeutic implications of mefenamic acid in combating osteosarcoma, warranting further investigation for clinical translation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwu Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Tianmin Chang
- Clinical Skills Training Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xihai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Daiqing Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yuanhui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Su J, Xia H, He H, Tang H, Zhou J, Xun Y, Liu F, Su B, Su Q. Diallyl disulfide antagonizes DJ-1 mediated proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and chemoresistance in gastric cancer cells. Environ Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38642008 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS), an organic component of allicin abstracted from garlic, possesses multi-target antitumor activity. DJ-1 performs a vital function in promoting AKT aberrant activation via down-regulating phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) in tumors. It is unknown the involvement of DJ-1 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric cancer (GC) cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether diallyl disulfide (DADS) intervenes in the role of DJ-1 in GC. Based on the identification that the correlation between high DJ-1 and low PTEN expression in GC was implicated in clinical progression, we illuminated that down-regulation of DJ-1 by DADS aided in an increase in PTEN expression and a decrease in phosphorylated AKT levels, which was in line with the results manifested in the DJ-1 knockdown and overexpressed cells, concurrently inhibiting proliferation, EMT, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, the antagonistic effects of DADS on DJ-1 were observed in in vivo experiments. Additionally, DADS mitigated the DJ-1-associated drug resistance. The current study revealed that DJ-1 is one of potential targets for DADS, which hopefully provides a promising strategy for prevention and adjuvant chemotherapy of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Su
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong Xia
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui He
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Oncology, Yongzhou Central Hospital, Yongzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yi Xun
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bo Su
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qi Su
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Gastric Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Wisnu Wardhana DP, Maliawan S, Bagus Mahadewa TG, Islam AA, Jawi IM, Wiradewi Lestari AA, Kamasan Nyoman Arijana IG, Rosyidi RM, Wiranata S. Effects of Moleac 901 after severe spinal cord injury on chronic phase in Wistar rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28522. [PMID: 38601579 PMCID: PMC11004522 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background MLC901 is a phytopharmaceutical comprising significant compounds that can induce microenvironments conducive to the proliferation and specialization of neural cell progenitors. This study investigates the impact of administering MLC901, reducing the expression of NG2 and caspase-3 and increasing IL-10 levels, as well as histopathological and motor function, after severe spinal cord injury (SCI) in the chronic phase. Methods The study employed a randomized post-test-only control group design conducted between February and April 2023 at the Integrated Biomedical Laboratory. The participants in this study were categorized into three distinct groups: normal control, negative control, and therapy. A cohort of 18 rats was utilized for the study, with each group assigned a random allocation of six rats as subjects. Results The findings demonstrated a statistically significant disparity in the average NG2 expression (-52.00 ± 20.03; p ≤ 0.05), as well as Caspase-3 expression (-94.89 ± 8.57; p ≤ 0.05), which exhibited a lower magnitude. The levels of IL-10 (8.96 ± 3.98; p ≤ 0.05) were observed to be higher, along with an elevation in BBB score (7.67 ± 0.89; p ≤ 0.05), which was more pronounced in the treatment group compared to the negative control group. The cut-off point for cavitation diameter is determined to be 114.915 μm, exhibiting a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The area under curve (AUC) value is 1.0. The administration of MLC901 demonstrated a strong positive correlation with the increase in IL-10 levels (B 8.968; p ≤ 0.05), as well as a substantial negative correlation with the decrease in Caspase-3 expression (B -52.000; p ≤ 0.05) and NG2 expression (B -94.892; p ≤ 0.05). The administration of MLC901 via the upregulation of NG2 and Caspase-3 significantly increased the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores. Conclusions MLC901 positively affects motor and histopathological outcomes in the chronic phase of severe SCI in the Wistar rat model. These benefits are believed to be achieved by suppressing gliosis, neuroapoptosis, and neuroinflammation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewa Putu Wisnu Wardhana
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Udayana University Hospital, 80361, Badung, Indonesia
| | - Sri Maliawan
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital, 80113, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital, 80113, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Andi Asadul Islam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, 90245, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - I Made Jawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, 80232, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital, 80113, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | | | - Rohadi Muhammad Rosyidi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Mataram University, West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital, 84371, Mataram, Indonesia
| | - Sinta Wiranata
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, 80232, Denpasar, Indonesia
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Chen Z, Xia X, Yao M, Yang Y, Ao X, Zhang Z, Guo L, Xu X. The dual role of mesenchymal stem cells in apoptosis regulation. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:250. [PMID: 38582754 PMCID: PMC10998921 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely distributed pluripotent stem cells with powerful immunomodulatory capacity. MSCs transplantation therapy (MSCT) is widely used in the fields of tissue regeneration and repair, and treatment of inflammatory diseases. Apoptosis is an important way for tissues to maintain cell renewal, but it also plays an important role in various diseases. And many studies have shown that MSCs improves the diseases by regulating cell apoptosis. The regulation of MSCs on apoptosis is double-sided. On the one hand, MSCs significantly inhibit the apoptosis of diseased cells. On the other hand, MSCs also promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and excessive immune cells. Furthermore, MSCs regulate apoptosis through multiple molecules and pathways, including three classical apoptotic signaling pathways and other pathways. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the regulation of apoptosis by MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Department of General Surgery, The 906th Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Mengwei Yao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of orthopedics, The 953th Hospital of PLA, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse, 857000, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 906th Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Guo
- Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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6
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Lee WG, Kim ES. Precision Oncology in Pediatric Cancer Surgery. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2024; 33:409-446. [PMID: 38401917 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric precision oncology has provided a greater understanding of the wide range of molecular alterations in difficult-to-treat or rare tumors with the aims of increasing survival as well as decreasing toxicity and morbidity from current cytotoxic therapies. In this article, the authors discuss the current state of pediatric precision oncology which has increased access to novel targeted therapies while also providing a framework for clinical implementation in this unique population. The authors evaluate the targetable mutations currently under investigation-with a focus on pediatric solid tumors-and discuss the key surgical implications associated with novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Lee
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 116 North Robertson Boulevard, Suite PACT 700, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. https://twitter.com/william_ghh_lee
| | - Eugene S Kim
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 116 North Robertson Boulevard, Suite PACT 700, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Taheri M, Tehrani HA, Dehghani S, Rajabzadeh A, Alibolandi M, Zamani N, Arefian E, Ramezani M. Signaling crosstalk between mesenchymal stem cells and tumor cells: Implications for tumor suppression or progression. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 76:30-47. [PMID: 38341337 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively used in various therapeutic applications over the last two decades, particularly in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment. MSCs have the ability to differentiate into mesodermal and non-mesodermal lineages, which makes them a popular choice in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Studies have shown that MSCs have inherent tumor-suppressive properties and can affect the behavior of multiple cells contributing to tumor development. Additionally, MSCs possess a tumor tropism property and have a hypoimmune nature. The intrinsic features of MSCs along with their potential to undergo genetic manipulation and be loaded with various anticancer therapeutics have motivated researchers to use them in different cancer therapy approaches without considering their complex dynamic biological aspects. However, despite their desirable features, several reports have shown that MSCs possess tumor-supportive properties. These contradictory results signify the sophisticated nature of MSCs and warn against the potential therapeutic applications of MSCs. Therefore, researchers should meticulously consider the biological properties of MSCs in preclinical and clinical studies to avoid any undesirable outcomes. This manuscript reviews preclinical studies on MSCs and cancer from the last two decades, discusses how MSC properties affect tumor progression and explains the mechanisms behind tumor suppressive and supportive functions. It also highlights critical cellular pathways that could be targeted in future studies to improve the safety and effectiveness of MSC-based therapies for cancer treatment. The insights obtained from this study will pave the way for further clinical research on MSCs and development of more effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Taheri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdul Tehrani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Rajabzadeh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nina Zamani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Yan C, Wang X, Wang Q, Li H, Song H, Zhou J, Peng Z, Yin W, Fan X, Yang K, Zhou B, Liang Y, Jiang Z, Shi Y, Zhang S, He S, Li RK, Xie J. A Novel Conductive Polypyrrole-Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Human Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Facilitated Sustained Release for Cardiac Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304207. [PMID: 38175149 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) results in cardiomyocyte necrosis and conductive system damage, leading to sudden cardiac death and heart failure. Studies have shown that conductive biomaterials can restore cardiac conduction, but cannot facilitate tissue regeneration. This study aims to add regenerative capabilities to the conductive biomaterial by incorporating human endometrial mesenchymal stem cell (hEMSC)-derived exosomes (hEMSC-Exo) into poly-pyrrole-chitosan (PPY-CHI), to yield an injectable hydrogel that can effectively treat MI. In vitro, PPY-CHI/hEMSC-Exo, compared to untreated controls, PPY-CHI, or hEMSC-Exo alone, alleviates H2O2-induced apoptosis and promotes tubule formation, while in vivo, PPY-CHI/hEMSC-Exo improves post-MI cardiac functioning, along with counteracting against ventricular remodeling and fibrosis. All these activities are facilitated via increased epidermal growth factor (EGF)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling. Furthermore, the conductive properties of PPY-CHI/hEMSC-Exo are able to resynchronize cardiac electrical transmission to alleviate arrythmia. Overall, PPY-CHI/hEMSC-Exo synergistically combines the cardiac regenerative capabilities of hEMSC-Exo with the conductive properties of PPY-CHI to improve cardiac functioning, via promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting apoptosis, as well as resynchronizing electrical conduction, to ultimately enable more effective MI treatment. Therefore, incorporating exosomes into a conductive hydrogel provides dual benefits in terms of maintaining conductivity, along with facilitating long-term exosome release and sustained application of their beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Yan
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030013, China
| | - Xinzhu Wang
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Huifang Song
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Department of Anatomy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jingli Zhou
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Zexu Peng
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Wenjuan Yin
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xuemei Fan
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Kun Yang
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Bingrui Zhou
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yuxiang Liang
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zengyu Jiang
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yuwei Shi
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Sanyuan Zhang
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Sheng He
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Jun Xie
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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Li ZY, Dai YX, Wu ZM, Li G, Pu PM, Hu CW, Zhou LY, Zhu K, Shu B, Wang YJ, Cui XJ, Yao M. Network pharmacology analysis and animal experiment validation of neuroinflammation inhibition by total ginsenoside in treating CSM. Phytomedicine 2024; 126:155073. [PMID: 38417244 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a degenerative pathology that affects both upper and lower extremity mobility and sensory function, causing significant pressure on patients and society. Prior research has suggested that ginsenosides may have neuroprotective properties in central nervous system diseases. However, the efficacy and mechanism of ginsenosides for CSM have yet to be investigated. PURPOSE This study aims to analyze the composition of ginsenosides using UPLC-MS, identify the underlying mechanism of ginsenosides in treating CSM using network pharmacology, and subsequently confirm the efficacy and mechanism of ginsenosides in rats with chronic spinal cord compression. METHODS UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was utilized to obtain mass spectrum data of ginsenoside samples. The chemical constituents of the samples were analyzed by consulting literature reports and relevant databases. Ginsenoside and CSM targets were obtained from the TCMSP, OMIM, and GeneCards databases. GO and KEGG analyses were conducted, and a visualization network of ginsenosides-compounds-key targets-pathways-CSM was constructed, along with molecular docking of key bioactive compounds and targets, to identify the signaling pathways and proteins associated with the therapeutic effects of ginsenosides on CSM. Chronic spinal cord compression rats were intraperitoneally injected with ginsenosides (50 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg) and methylprednisolone for 28 days, and motor function was assessed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of ginsenosides for CSM. The expression of proteins associated with TNF, IL-17, TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB, and NLRP3 signaling pathways was assessed by immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. RESULTS Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, 37 compounds were identified from ginsenoside samples. Furthermore, ginsenosides-compounds-key targets-pathways-CSM visualization network indicated that ginsenosides may modulate the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and Apoptosis by targeting AKT1, TNF, MAPK1, CASP3, IL6, and IL1B, exerting a therapeutic effect on CSM. By attenuating neuroinflammation through the TNF, IL-17, TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways, ginsenosides restored the motor function of rats with CSM, and ginsenosides 150 mg/kg showed better effect. This was achieved by reducing the phosphorylation of NF-κB and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. CONCLUSIONS The results of network pharmacology indicate that ginsenosides can inhibit neuroinflammation resulting from spinal cord compression through multiple pathways and targets. This finding was validated through in vivo tests, which demonstrated that ginsenosides can reduce neuroinflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes via multiple signaling pathways, additionally, it should be noted that 150 mg/kg was a relatively superior dose. This study is the first to verify the intrinsic molecular mechanism of ginsenosides in treating CSM by combining pharmacokinetics, network pharmacology, and animal experiments. The findings can provide evidence for subsequent clinical research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Yao Li
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Dai
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Ming Wu
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gan Li
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Min Pu
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cai-Wei Hu
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Long-Yun Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Aliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Shu
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xue-Jun Cui
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Yao
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Tian X, Wu L, Li X, Zheng W, Zuo H, Song H. Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alleviate biliary ischemia reperfusion injury in fatty liver transplantation by inhibiting ferroptosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:881-894. [PMID: 37243945 PMCID: PMC11016128 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver grafts are susceptible to ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), increasing the risk of biliary complications after liver transplantation (LT). Ferroptosis, a newly recognized programmed cell death, is expected to be a novel therapeutic target for IRI. We investigated whether exosomes derived from heme oxygenase 1-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HExos) relieve ferroptosis and protect biliary tracts from IRI in a rat fatty liver transplantation model. Rats were fed with a methionine choline deficient (MCD) diet for 2 weeks to induce severe hepatic steatosis. Steatotic grafts were implanted and HExos were administered after liver transplantation. A series of functional assays and pathological analysis were performed to assess ferroptosis and biliary IRI. The HExos attenuated IRI following liver transplantation, as demonstrated by less ferroptosis, improved liver function, less Kupffer and T cell activation, and less long-term biliary fibrosis. MicroRNA (miR)-204-5p delivered by HExos negatively regulated ferroptosis by targeting a key pro-ferroptosis enzyme, ACSL4. Ferroptosis contributes to biliary IRI in fatty liver transplantation. HExos protect steatotic grafts by inhibiting ferroptosis, and may become a promising strategy to prevent biliary IRI and expand the donor pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Tian
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Longlong Wu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Zheng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiwen Zuo
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Hashimoto S, Nagoshi N, Nakamura M, Okano H. Regenerative medicine strategies for chronic complete spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:818-824. [PMID: 37843217 PMCID: PMC10664101 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a condition in which the parenchyma of the spinal cord is damaged by trauma or various diseases. While rapid progress has been made in regenerative medicine for spinal cord injury that was previously untreatable, most research in this field has focused on the early phase of incomplete injury. However, the majority of patients have chronic severe injuries; therefore, treatments for these situations are of fundamental importance. The reason why the treatment of complete spinal cord injury has not been studied is that, unlike in the early stage of incomplete spinal cord injury, there are various inhibitors of neural regeneration. Thus, we assumed that it is difficult to address all conditions with a single treatment in chronic complete spinal cord injury and that a combination of several treatments is essential to target severe pathologies. First, we established a combination therapy of cell transplantation and drug-releasing scaffolds, which contributes to functional recovery after chronic complete transection spinal cord injury, but we found that functional recovery was limited and still needs further investigation. Here, for the further development of the treatment of chronic complete spinal cord injury, we review the necessary approaches to the different pathologies based on our findings and the many studies that have been accumulated to date and discuss, with reference to the literature, which combination of treatments is most effective in achieving functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Narihito Nagoshi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Wan Y, Lin Y, Tan X, Gong L, Lei F, Wang C, Sun X, Du X, Zhang Z, Jiang J, Liu Z, Wang J, Zhou X, Wang S, Zhou X, Jing P, Zhong Z. Injectable Hydrogel To Deliver Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Preloaded with Azithromycin To Promote Spinal Cord Repair. ACS Nano 2024; 18:8934-8951. [PMID: 38483284 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a disease that causes severe damage to the central nervous system. Currently, there is no cure for spinal cord injury. Azithromycin is commonly used as an antibiotic, but it can also exert anti-inflammatory effects by down-regulating M1-type macrophage genes and up-regulating M2-type macrophage genes, which may make it effective for treating spinal cord injury. Bone mesenchymal stem cells possess tissue regenerative capabilities that may help promote the repair of the injured spinal cord. In this study, our objective was to explore the potential of promoting repair in the injured spinal cord by delivering bone mesenchymal stem cells that had internalized nanoparticles preloaded with azithromycin. To achieve this objective, we formulated azithromycin into nanoparticles along with a trans-activating transcriptional activator, which should enhance nanoparticle uptake by bone mesenchymal stem cells. These stem cells were then incorporated into an injectable hydrogel. The therapeutic effects of this formulation were analyzed in vitro using a mouse microglial cell line and a human neuroblastoma cell line, as well as in vivo using a rat model of spinal cord injury. The results showed that the formulation exhibited anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in vitro as well as therapeutic effects in vivo. These results highlight the potential of a hydrogel containing bone mesenchymal stem cells preloaded with azithromycin and trans-activating transcriptional activator to mitigate spinal cord injury and promote tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
- Ultrasound Medicine Department, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lingyi Gong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Fei Lei
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Changguang Wang
- DataRevive USA, LLC, 30 W Gude Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Xiaoduan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xingjie Du
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zhongbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shuzao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Pei Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zhirong Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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13
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Wang H, Liu J, Zhang Z, Peng J, Wang Z, Yang L, Wang X, Hu S, Hong L. β-Sitosterol targets ASS1 for Nrf2 ubiquitin-dependent degradation, inducing ROS-mediated apoptosis via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 214:137-157. [PMID: 38364944 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of drugs derived from natural sources holds significant promise in addressing current limitations in ovarian cancer (OC) treatments. While previous studies have highlighted the remarkable anti-cancer properties of the natural compound β-sitosterol (SIT) across various tumors, its specific role in OC treatment remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the anti-tumor activity of SIT in OC using in vitro and in vivo models, delineate potential mechanisms, and establish a preclinical theoretical foundation for future clinical trials, thus fostering further research. Utilizing network pharmacology, we pinpoint SIT as a promising candidate for OC treatment and predict its potential targets and pathways. Through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, we unveil a novel mechanism through which SIT mitigates the malignant biological behaviors of OC cells by modulating redox status. Specifically, SIT selectively targets argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1), a protein markedly overexpressed in OC tissues and cells. Inhibiting ASS1, SIT enhances the interaction between Nrf2 and Keap1, instigating the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Nrf2, subsequently diminishing the transcriptional activation of downstream antioxidant genes HO-1 and NQO1. The interruption of the antioxidant program by SIT results in the substantial accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in OC cells. This, in turn, upregulates PTEN, exerting negative regulation on the phosphorylation activation of AKT. The suppression of AKT signaling disrupted downstream pathways associated with cell cycle, cell survival, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, ultimately culminating in the death of OC cells. Our research uncovers new targets and mechanisms of SIT against OC, contributing to the existing knowledge on the anti-tumor effects of natural products in the context of OC. Additionally, this research unveils a novel role of ASS1 in regulating the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant program and governing redox homeostasis in OC, providing a deeper understanding of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Jiaxin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Xinqi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Siyuan Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road NO.238, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Faraji F, Kooshki L, Webber K, Bishayee A. Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis by natural compounds: a comprehensive and critical review. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:501-574. [PMID: 37792223 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells employ multiple signaling mediators to escape the hypoxic condition and trigger angiogenesis and metastasis. As a critical orchestrate of tumorigenic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is responsible for stimulating several target genes and dysregulated pathways in tumor invasion and migration. Therefore, targeting HIF-1 pathway and cross-talked mediators seems to be a novel strategy in cancer prevention and treatment. In recent decades, tremendous efforts have been made to develop multi-targeted therapies to modulate several dysregulated pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In this line, natural compounds have shown a bright future in combating angiogenic and metastatic conditions. Among the natural secondary metabolites, we have evaluated the critical potential of phenolic compounds, terpenes/terpenoids, alkaloids, sulfur compounds, marine- and microbe-derived agents in the attenuation of HIF-1, and interconnected pathways in fighting tumor-associated angiogenesis and invasion. This is the first comprehensive review on natural constituents as potential regulators of HIF-1 and interconnected pathways against cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. This review aims to reshape the previous strategies in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Faraji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6714415153, Iran
| | - Kassidy Webber
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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15
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Xue H, Zhang P, Zhang C, Gao Y, Tan J. Research progress in the preparation, structural characterization, and biological activities of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129923. [PMID: 38325677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines are tremendous sources of polysaccharides, which are of great interest in the human welfare system as natural medicines, food, and cosmetics. This review aims to highlight the recent trends in extraction (conventional and non-conventional), purification and analytic techniques of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides (TCMPs), and the chemical structure, biological activities (anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, intestinal flora regulation, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and other activities), and the underlying mechanisms of polysaccharides extracted from 76 diverse traditional Chinese medicines were compared and discussed. With this wide coverage, a total of 164 scientific articles were searched from the database including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and China Knowledge Network. This comprehensive survey from previous reports indicates that TCMPs are non-toxic, highly biocompatible, and good biodegradability. Besides, this review highlights that TCMPs may be excellent functional factors and effective therapeutic drugs. Finally, the current problems and future research advances of TCMPs are also introduced. New valuable insights for the future researches regarding TCMPs are also proposed in the fields of therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Pengqi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Can Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Heilongjiang University, No.74 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
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Liu G, Huo L, Deng B, Jiang S, Zhao Y, Mo Y, Bai H, Xu L, Hu C, Mu X. Tetramethylpyrazine inhibits the inflammatory response by downregulating the TNFR1/IκB-α/NF-κB p65 pathway after spinal cord injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116872. [PMID: 38428465 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) can enhance the recovery of motor function in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. However, the underlying mechanism involved in this therapeutic effect remains to be elucidated. We conducted RNA sequencing with a network pharmacology strategy to predict the targets and mechanism of TMP for SCI. The modified Allen's weight-drop method was used to construct an SCI rat model. The results indicated that the nuclear transfer factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway was identified through the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and an inflammatory response was identified through the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was identified as a crucial target. Western blotting revealed that TMP decreased the protein expression of TNF superfamily receptor 1 (TNFR1), inhibitor κB-α (IκB-α), and NF-κB p65 in spinal cord tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated that TMP inhibited TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) expression and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression. Histopathological observation and behavior assessments showed that TMP improved morphology and motor function. In conclusion, TMP inhibits inflammatory response and oxidative stress, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect that may be related to the regulation of the TNFR1/IκB-α/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Luyao Huo
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Bowen Deng
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Shengyuan Jiang
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yanjun Mo
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Huizhong Bai
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Chuanyu Hu
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Xiaohong Mu
- Dongzhimen hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China.
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Shang WY, Ren YF, Li B, Huang XM, Zhang ZL, Huang J. Efficacy of growth factor gene-modified stem cells for motor function after spinal cord injury in rodents: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. Neurosurg Rev 2024; 47:87. [PMID: 38369598 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The efficacy of growth factor gene-modified stem cells in treating spinal cord injury (SCI) remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of growth factor gene-modified stem cells in restoring motor function after SCI. Two reviewers searched four databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, to identify relevant records. Studies on rodents assessing the efficacy of transplanting growth factor gene-modified stem cells in restoring motor function after SCI were included. The results were reported using the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Analyses showed that growth factor gene-modified stem cell transplantation improved motor function recovery in rodents with SCI compared to the untreated (SMD = 3.98, 95% CI 3.26-4.70, I2 = 86.8%, P < 0.0001) and stem cell (SMD = 2.53, 95% CI 1.93-3.13, I2 = 86.9%, P < 0.0001) groups. Using growth factor gene-modified neural stem/histone cells enhanced treatment efficacy. In addition, the effectiveness increased when viral vectors were employed for gene modification and high transplantation doses were administered during the subacute phase. Stem cells derived from the human umbilical cord exhibited an advantage in motor function recovery. However, the transplantation of growth factor gene-modified stem cells did not significantly improve motor function in male rodents (P = 0.136). Transplantation of growth factor gene-modified stem cells improved motor function in rodents after SCI, but claims of enhanced efficacy should be approached with caution. The safety of gene modification remains a significant concern, requiring additional efforts to enhance its clinical translatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ya Shang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya-Feng Ren
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Bing Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Zhi-Lan Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Higgins TA, Patton DJ, Shimko-Lofano IM, Eller TL, Molinari R, Sandey M, Ismail A, Smith BF, Agarwal P. The Development and Characterization of a Next-Generation Oncolytic Virus Armed with an Anti-PD-1 sdAb for Osteosarcoma Treatment In Vitro. Cells 2024; 13:351. [PMID: 38391964 PMCID: PMC10886739 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone malignancy characterized by an aggressive nature, limited treatment options, low survival rate, and poor patient prognosis. Conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAds) armed with immune checkpoint inhibitors hold great potential for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The present study aims to investigate the anti-tumor efficacy of CAV2-AU-M2, a CAV2-based CRAd armed with an anti-PD-1 single-domain antibody (sdAb), against OS cell lines in vitro. The infection, conditional replication, cytopathic effects, and cytotoxicity of CAV2-AU-M2 were tested in four different OS cell lines in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. CAV2-AU-M2 showed selective replication in the OS cells and induced efficient tumor cell lysis and death. Moreover, CAV2-AU-M2 produced an anti-PD-1 sdAb that demonstrated effective binding to the PD-1 receptors. This study demonstrated the first CRAd armed with an anti-PD-1 sdAb. This combined approach of two distinct immunotherapies is intended to enhance the anti-tumor immune response in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A. Higgins
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.A.H.); (D.J.P.); (I.M.S.-L.); (T.L.E.); (M.S.); (A.I.); (B.F.S.)
| | - Daniel J. Patton
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.A.H.); (D.J.P.); (I.M.S.-L.); (T.L.E.); (M.S.); (A.I.); (B.F.S.)
| | - Isabella M. Shimko-Lofano
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.A.H.); (D.J.P.); (I.M.S.-L.); (T.L.E.); (M.S.); (A.I.); (B.F.S.)
| | - Timothy L. Eller
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.A.H.); (D.J.P.); (I.M.S.-L.); (T.L.E.); (M.S.); (A.I.); (B.F.S.)
| | - Roberto Molinari
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
| | - Maninder Sandey
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.A.H.); (D.J.P.); (I.M.S.-L.); (T.L.E.); (M.S.); (A.I.); (B.F.S.)
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Aliaa Ismail
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.A.H.); (D.J.P.); (I.M.S.-L.); (T.L.E.); (M.S.); (A.I.); (B.F.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 8366004, Egypt
| | - Bruce F. Smith
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.A.H.); (D.J.P.); (I.M.S.-L.); (T.L.E.); (M.S.); (A.I.); (B.F.S.)
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Payal Agarwal
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.A.H.); (D.J.P.); (I.M.S.-L.); (T.L.E.); (M.S.); (A.I.); (B.F.S.)
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Xu M, Zhang W, Xu S, Niu X, Wang L, Wang X, Hao H. Elucidation of the mechanism of Zhenbao pills for the treatment of spinal cord injury by network pharmacology and molecular docking: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36970. [PMID: 38363936 PMCID: PMC10869052 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of the Zhenbao pill (ZBP) in treating spinal cord injury (SCI). The TCMSP Database, HERB Database and literature search were used to screen the effective ingredients and targets of ZBP; SCI-related genes were searched in GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGkb, TTD and DrugBank databases; the potential targets of ZBP for treating SCI were predicted and Venn diagrams were drawn, and the "herb-ingredient-target" network was constructed by Cytoscape software. The PPI network was constructed by STRING software, and the core targets were screened by cytoNCA plug-in; GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis were performed on the predicted targets using the DAVID Platform, and visualized with the Microbiology Network Platform. The molecular docking between the key ingredients and the core target was carried out by AutoDockVina software. 391 active ingredients and 836 action targets were obtained from ZBP and there are 1557 SCI related genes in 5 disease databases. The top 5 active ingredients were Quercetin, Camptothecin, Kaempferol, Ethyl iso-allocholate, and Ethyl linoleate, and 5 core genes were SRC, CTNNB1, TP53, AKT1, and STAT3. GO enrichment analysis showed that the core targets were involved in 1206 biological processes, 120 cellular components and 160 molecular functions; KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the core targets involved 183 pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. Molecular docking indicated that CTNNB1, SRC, TP53, AKT1 and STAT3 showed good binding ability with the active ingredients quercetin, kaempferol and ethyl isobutyric acid. ZBP improves SCI through multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
- Periodical Press of Fujian Journal of TCM, Fujian University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaochen Niu
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Haihu Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
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Wang X, Ding R, Fu Z, Yang M, Li D, Zhou Y, Qin C, Zhang W, Si L, Zhang J, Chai Y. Overexpression of miR-506-3p reversed doxorubicin resistance in drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1303732. [PMID: 38420199 PMCID: PMC10899521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1303732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective: Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant tumor of bone, and doxorubicin is one of the most widely used therapeutic drugs. While the problem of doxorubicin resistance limits the long-term treatment benefits in osteosarcoma patients. The role of miRNAs and their target genes in osteosarcoma have become increasingly prominent. Currently, there is no report on miR-506-3p reversing doxorubicin resistance by targeting STAT3 in osteosarcoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism that overexpression of miR-506-3p reverses doxorubicin resistance in drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells. Methods: Doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells (U-2OS/Dox) were constructed by intermittent stepwise increasing stoichiometry. The target genes of miR-506-3p were predicted by bioinformatics approach and the targeting relationship between miR-506-3p and STAT3 was detected using dual luciferase reporter assay. U-2OS/Dox cells were treated with miR-506-3p overexpression and STAT3 silencing respectively. Then Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, drug-resistant and apoptotic associated molecules. The migration and invasion were assessed by cell scratch assay and transwell assay. The cell proliferative viability and apoptosis were investigated by CCK8 assay and flow cytometry assay. Results: U-2OS/Dox cells were successfully constructed with a 14.4-fold resistance. MiR-506-3p is directly bound to the 3'-UTR of STAT3 mRNA. Compared with U-2OS cells, the mRNA expression of miR-506-3p was reduced in U-2OS/Dox cells. Overexpression of miR-506-3p decreased the mRNA expression levels of JAK2, STAT3, MDR1/ABCB1, MRP1/ABCC1, Survivin and Bcl-2, and decreased the protein expression levels of p-JAK2, STAT3, MDR1/ABCB1, MRP1/ABCC1, Survivin and Bcl-2, and conversely increased Bax expression. It also inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of U-2OS/Dox cells and promoted cells apoptosis. The results of STAT3 silencing experiments in the above indicators were consistent with that of miR-506-3p overexpression. Conclusion: Overexpression of miR-506-3p could inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and the malignant biological behaviors, then further reverse doxorubicin resistance in drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells. The study reported a new molecular mechanism for reversing the resistance of osteosarcoma to doxorubicin chemotherapy and provided theoretical support for solving the clinical problems of doxorubicin resistance in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rumeng Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Duolu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yubing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chongzhen Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenda Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liuzhe Si
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingmin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuna Chai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Cheng S, Wang H, Kang X, Zhang H. Immunotherapy Innovations in the Fight against Osteosarcoma: Emerging Strategies and Promising Progress. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:251. [PMID: 38399305 PMCID: PMC10892906 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive elements within the tumor microenvironment are the primary drivers of tumorigenesis and malignant advancement. The presence, as well as the crosstalk between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), osteosarcoma-associated macrophages (OS-Ms), regulatory T cells (Tregs), and endothelial cells (ECs) with osteosarcoma cells cause the poor prognosis of OS. In addition, the consequent immunosuppressive factors favor the loss of treatment potential. Nanoparticles offer a means to dynamically and locally manipulate immuno-nanoparticles, which present a promising strategy for transforming OS-TME. Additionally, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology is effective in combating OS. This review summarizes the essential mechanisms of immunosuppressive cells in the OS-TME and the current immune-associated strategies. The last part highlights the limitations of existing therapies and offers insights into future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigao Cheng
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuejia Kang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Li L, Wang L, Zhang L. Therapeutic Potential of Natural Compounds from Herbs and Nutraceuticals in Alleviating Neurological Disorders: Targeting the Wnt Signaling Pathway. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:2411-2433. [PMID: 38284360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
As an important signaling pathway in multicellular eukaryotes, the Wnt signaling pathway participates in a variety of physiological processes. Recent studies have confirmed that the Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in neurological disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. The regulation of Wnt signaling by natural compounds in herbal medicines and nutraceuticals has emerged as a potential strategy for the development of new drugs for neurological disorders. Purpose: The aim of this review is to evaluate the latest research results on the efficacy of natural compounds derived from herbs and nutraceuticals in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders by regulating the Wnt pathway in vivo and in vitro. A manual and electronic search was performed for English articles available from PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect from the January 2010 to February 2023. Keywords used for the search engines were "natural products,″ "plant derived products,″ "Wnt+ clinical trials,″ and "Wnt+,″ and/or paired with "natural products″/″plant derived products", and "neurological disorders." A total of 22 articles were enrolled in this review, and a variety of natural compounds from herbal medicine and nutritional foods have been shown to exert therapeutic effects on neurological disorders through the Wnt pathway, including curcumin, resveratrol, and querctrin, etc. These natural products possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic properties, confer neurovascular unit and blood-brain barrier integrity protection, and affect neural stem cell differentiation, synaptic formation, and neurogenesis, to play a therapeutic role in neurological disorders. In various in vivo and in vitro studies and clinical trials, these natural compounds have been shown to be safe and tolerable with few adverse effects. Natural compounds may serve a therapeutic role in neurological disorders by regulating the Wnt pathway. This summary of the research progress of natural compounds targeting the Wnt pathway may provide new insights for the treatment of neurological disorders and potential targets for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning PR China
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Pinto H, Sánchez-Vizcaíno Mengual E. Exosomes in the Real World of Medical Aesthetics: A Review. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024:10.1007/s00266-023-03844-8. [PMID: 38315231 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03844-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles that transport proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids and play a significant role in almost every physiological process in the human body. They have generated great interest, especially in the field of tissue regeneration. Studies in the last decade support their great regenerating and rejuvenating potential. However, the lack of standardized procedures, limited knowledge regarding their action mechanism, and little clinical evidence impair their implementation and approval in the medical setting. This review aimed to identify published studies and clinical trials using exosomes in human patients for clinical treatments in aesthetic medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed database using the search term "exosomes" and 25 terms related to aesthetic medicine treatments in human patients. Additionally, a search was conducted in the ClinicalTrials.gov database for interventional clinical trials using exosomes for aesthetic treatments in adults 18 to ≥ 65 years of age. RESULTS Nine articles were selected after debugging the initial list of published articles in which exosomes were related to Aesthetic Medicine (633 articles). Nine studies were identified from the initial search on ClinicalTrial.gov (104 trials with exosomes). CONCLUSIONS There is no doubt about the scientific basis of exosome regenerative potential and the growing interest in exosomes in Aesthetic Medicine. However, companies must spend more on research to develop standardized and reliable procedures to obtain exosomes for their approval and application in clinical practice. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 . This review highlights the large amount of published research on exosomes related to aesthetic medicine and, at the same time, the lack of products approved by regulatory agencies. Several issues have been suggested to elucidate a response, such as the need for standardized protocols and more knowledge to ensure safe treatments. It also highlights the few clinical trials conducted to evaluate exosome properties in aesthetic medicine treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Pinto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas i2e3, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
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Liu M, Jiang D, Zhao X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Liu R, Li H, Rong X, Gao Y. Exploration in the Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg5 for the Treatment of Osteosarcoma by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Orthop Surg 2024; 16:462-470. [PMID: 38086608 PMCID: PMC10834211 DOI: 10.1111/os.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma is a primary malignancy originating from mesenchymal tissue characterized by rapid growth, early metastasis and poor prognosis. Ginsenoside Rg5 (G-Rg5) is a minor ginsenoside extracted from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer which has been discovered to possess anti-tumor properties. The objective of current study was to explore the mechanism of G-Rg5 in the treatment of osteosarcoma by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. METHODS Pharmmapper, SwissTargetPrediction and similarity ensemble approach databases were used to obtain the pharmacological targets of G-Rg5. Related genes of osteosarcoma were searched for in the GeneCards, OMIM and DrugBank databases. The targets of G-Rg5 and the related genes of osteosarcoma were intersected to obtain the potential target genes of G-Rg5 in the treatment of osteosarccoma. The STRING database and Cytoscape 3.8.2 software were used to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) platform was used to perform gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. AutoDock vina software was used to perform molecular docking between G-Rg5 and hub targets. The hub genes were imported into the Kaplan-Meier Plotter online database for survival analysis. RESULTS A total of 61 overlapping targets were obtained. The related signaling pathways mainly included PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Proteoglycans in cancer, Lipid and atherosclerosis and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection. Six hub targets including PIK3CA, SRC, TP53, MAPK1, EGFR, and VEGFA were obtained through PPI network and targets-pathways network analyses. The results of molecular docking showed that the binding energies were all less than -7 kcal/mol. And the results of survival analysis showed TP53 and VEGFA affect the prognosis of sarcoma patients. CONCLUSION This study explored the possible mechanism of G-Rg5 in the treatment of osteosarcoma using network pharmacology method, suggesting that G-Rg5 has the characteristics of multi-targets and multi-pathways in the treatment of osteosarcoma, which lays a foundation for the follow-up experimental and clinical researches on the therapeutic effects of G-Rg5 on osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐yang Liu
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Dong‐xin Jiang
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Liang Zhang
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhen‐dong Liu
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Run‐ze Liu
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Hai‐jun Li
- Department of Immunity, Institute of Translational MedicineThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilinChina
| | - Xiao‐yu Rong
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yan‐zheng Gao
- Henan Province Intelligent Orthopedic Technology Innovation and Transformation International Joint Laboratory, Henan Key Laboratory for Intelligent Precision Orthopedics, Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina
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Wei L, Meng J, Xiang D, Yang Q, Zhou Y, Xu L, Wang M, Chen J, Han Y. Network pharmacology and experimental validation to study the potential mechanism of Tongguanteng injection in regulating apoptosis in osteosarcoma. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:67. [PMID: 38297292 PMCID: PMC10829404 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objectives of this study were to identify the active components of Tongguanteng injection (TGT) and investigate the preclinical efficacy and mechanism of TGT on osteosarcoma using a combination of network pharmacology and experimental validation. METHODS To identify the active constituents and targets of TGT against osteosarcoma using network pharmacology, we constructed a network consisting of an 'active ingredient-disease-target-pathway' and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The target organ network was utilized to investigate the distribution of core targets in tissues. Afterwards, the core targets underwent Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The binding energy between receptors and ligands was compared using molecular docking. In addition, SwissADME was employed to forecast the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the substances. Finally, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), cell proliferation assay, morphological analysis, apoptosis assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) detection, and Western blotting were utilized to confirm the potential mechanisms of TGT treatment in osteosarcoma cell lines 143B and SAOS2. RESULTS A total of 54 chemical constituents of TGT and 71 targets associated with osteosarcoma were acquired. Through the molecular docking technology, Tenacigenin B, Marsdekoiside, Taraxasterol, Tenacissoside G, Tenacissoside L, and Tenacissoside J were identified as the primary active components of TGT among the various compounds. Analysis of target organs suggests that TGT may play an anti-osteosarcoma role through immune regulation. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that TGT could trigger osteosarcoma cell apoptosis by inhibiting the HIF-1 signalling pathway and modulating PD-1 expression and the PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer. SwissADME database predicted that Tenacigenin B and Taraxasterol had the best drug-likeness. In vitro studies also demonstrated that TGT suppressed the activity and induced alterations in the morphology of osteosarcoma cells. It decreased MMP levels, triggered apoptosis by increasing Bax expression and Caspase-3 activity, and decreased Bcl-2 expression, thereby exerting an anti-osteosarcoma effect. In the meantime, RT-PCR tests demonstrated that TGT could control immune response against tumors and hinder the proliferation and spread of cancerous cells by impacting the levels of critical factors, including JUN, HSP90AA1, HDAC1, and CDK1. CONCLUSION The study accurately anticipated the active components, targets, and pathways of TGT in the management of osteosarcoma. The molecular mechanism of TGT-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells was demonstrated by in vitro experiments. These results provide theoretical and technical support for TGT as a clinical adjuvant drug for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyi Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Danfeng Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Quanjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yangyun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yonglong Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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Yari-Ilkhchi A, Mahkam M, Ebrahimi-Kalan A, Zangbar HS. Design and synthesis of nano-biomaterials based on graphene and local delivery of cerebrolysin into the injured spinal cord of mice, promising neural restoration. Nanoscale Adv 2024; 6:990-1000. [PMID: 38298594 PMCID: PMC10825937 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00760j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an incurable and catastrophic health issue with no clinical solution. As part of cascade reactions, the inflammatory process and fibrous glial scar production aggravate the amount of lesion through a secondary damage mechanism, encouraging scientists from other disciplines to investigate new paths for solving this problem. Graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives are among the most promising biomedical and nerve tissue regeneration materials due to their remarkable chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties. This paper designs and introduces a new GO-based nanomaterial to minimize inflammation and stimulate neurite regrowth. To improve biocompatibility, biodegradability, and cell proliferation, GO plates were modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Au nanoparticles as neuroprotective and antibacterial agents, respectively. Preliminary biological investigations on bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) with various concentrations of a graphenic nanocarrier indicated a lack of cell toxicity and an enhancement in BM-MSC proliferation of about 10% after 48 hours. Therapeutic nanostructures were used in the T10 segment of a mouse SCI model. The pathological and immunohistochemical data revealed that refilling tissue cavities, decreasing degeneration, and establishing neuroregeneration resulted in a considerable improvement of hind limb motor function. Furthermore, compared to the nanocomposite mixture alone, the intraspinal delivery of cerebrolysin (CRL) had a more satisfying impact on nerve regrowth, cystic cavity, hemorrhage avoidance, and motor function enhancement. This study demonstrates the potential of graphenic nanomaterials for SCI treatment and neuroregeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayda Yari-Ilkhchi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University Tabriz Iran 5375171379
- Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mahkam
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University Tabriz Iran 5375171379
| | - Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan
- Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Hamid Soltani Zangbar
- Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Liu X, Ke S, Wang X, Li Y, Lyu J, Liu Y, Geng Z. Interpretation of the anti-influenza active ingredients and potential mechanisms of Ge Gen Decoction based on spectrum-effect relationships and network analysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117290. [PMID: 37806538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ge Gen Decoction (GGD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription that originated in the ancient Chinese medical book "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". The prescription consists of 7 herbs: Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, Ephedra sinica Stapf, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J.Presl, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Zingiber officinale Rosc., and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. It can alleviate high fever and soreness in the neck and shoulders caused by exogenous wind chill and is widely used in both China and Japan. Currently, GGD is primarily utilized for treating flu and the common cold. GGD has been reported to show significant anti-influenza A virus (IAV) activity both in vitro and in vivo. However, the active ingredients responsible for its anti-influenza properties have not been elucidated, and the mechanisms underlying its anti-influenza effects require further research. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of GGD in treating influenza. MATERIALS AND METHODS HPLC chromatograms were established for GGD water and different polar extracts. The effect of different GGD extracts on pulmonary virus titers and TNFα expression was assessed through RT-PCR analysis. Spectrum-effect relationships between chromatographic peaks of GGD and its virus inhibition rate and TNFα inhibition rate were investigated using partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis. HPLC-Q-TOF-MS was utilized to identify the constituents absorbed into the blood after oral administration of GGD. Network analysis of the absorbed forms of active ingredients was conducted to predict the potential mechanisms of GGD. Subsequently, total SOD activity, CAT and HO-1 expression and Nrf2 nuclear translocation were then analyzed. Finally, the impact of interfering with HO-1 expression on the anti-IAV activity of GGD was examined. RESULTS The study identified 11 anti-influenza active ingredients in GGD, which are daidzein, ononin, genistin, daidzin, 3'-methoxypuerarin, puerarin, pseudoephedrine, paeoniflorin, pormononetin-7-xylosyl-glucoside, penistein-7-O-apiosyl-glucoside, and ephedrine. Network analysis revealed various biological activities of GGD, including responses to ROS and oxidative stress. GGD also involves multiple antiviral pathways, such as hepatitis B, IAV, and Toll-like receptor pathways. Experimental assays demonstrated that GGD possesses independent antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, GGD inhibits the increase in intracellular ROS induced by IAV. In vivo, it reduces MDA levels and increases total pulmonary SOD activity. Applying siRNA and flow cytometry analysis revealed that GGD alleviates IAV-induced oxidative burst by promoting the expression of HO-1 and CAT. Western blot analysis revealed that GGD effectively promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation and enhances Nrf2 expression. Furthermore, this study found that the enhancement of HO-1 expression by GGD contributed to its anti-IAV activity. CONCLUSIONS The study identified the active ingredients of GGD against influenza and demonstrated the beneficial role of GGD's antioxidant activity in treating flu. The antioxidant activity of GGD is associated with the promotion of Nrf2 nuclear translocation and the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, HO-1, and CAT. Overall, this study provides evidence supporting the use of GGD as an adjunctive or complementary therapy for influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Siyuan Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiuyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yaqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiantao Lyu
- Pharmacy Department, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264100, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Zikai Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Lin L, Yan J, Sun J, Zhang J, Liao B. Screening and evaluation of metabolites binding PRAS40 from Erxian decoction used to treat spinal cord injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1339956. [PMID: 38318139 PMCID: PMC10839085 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1339956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The PRAS40 is an essential inhibitory subunit of the mTORC1 complex, which regulates autophagy. It has been suggested that Erxian Decoction (EXD) could treat spinal cord injury (SCI) via the autophagy pathway. However, the mechanism of whether EXD acts through PRAS40 remains unclear. Methods: With the help of immobilized PRAS40, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and molecular docking, the bioactive metabolites in the EXD were screened. To establish in vitro SCI models, PC12 cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and then treated with the identified EXD substances. Furthermore, Western blot assay was carried out to identify potential molecular mechanisms involved. For assessing the effect of metabolites in vivo, the SCI model rats were first pretreated with or without the metabolite and then subjected to the immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale, and H&E staining. Results: The immobilized PRAS40 isolated indole, 4-nitrophenol, terephthalic acid, palmatine, sinapinaldehyde, and 3-chloroaniline as the potential ligands binding to PRAS40. Furthermore, the association constants of palmatine and indole as 2.84 × 106 M-1 and 3.82 × 105 M-1 were elucidated via ITC due to the drug-like properties of these two metabolites. Molecular docking results also further demonstrated the mechanism of palmatine binding to PRAS40. Western blot analysis of PC12 cells demonstrated that palmatine inhibited the expression of p-mTOR by binding to PRAS40, activating the autophagic flux by markedly increasing LC3. The injection of palmatine (10μM and 20 μM) indicated notably increased BBB scores in the SCI rat model. Additionally, a dose-dependent increase in LC3 was observed by IHC staining. Conclusion: This research proved that EXD comprises PRAS40 antagonists, and the identified metabolite, palmatine, could potentially treat SCI by activating the autophagic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingchuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Eighth Hospital of Xi’an City, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Huang HY, Xiong MJ, Pu FQ, Liao JX, Zhu FQ, Zhang WJ. Application and challenges of olfactory ensheathing cells in clinical trials of spinal cord injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176238. [PMID: 38072039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to severe motor, sensory and autonomic nervous dysfunction, cause serious psychosomatic injury to patients. There is no effective treatment for SCI at present. In recent years, exciting evidence has been obtained in the application of cell-based therapy in basic research. These studies have revealed the fact that cells transplanted into the host can exert the pharmacological properties of treating and repairing SCI. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a kind of special glial cells. The application value of OECs in the study of SCI lies in their unique biological characteristics, that is, they can survive and renew for life, give full play to neuroprotection, immune regulation, promoting axonal regeneration and myelination formation. The function of producing secretory group and improving microenvironment. This provides an irreplaceable treatment strategy for the repair of SCI. At present, some researchers have explored the possibility of treatment of OECs in clinical trials of SCI. Although OECs transplantation shows excellent safety and effectiveness in animal models, there is still lack of sufficient evidence to prove the effectiveness of their clinical application in clinical trials. There has been an obvious stagnation in the transformation of OECs transplantation into routine clinical practice, and clinical trials of cell therapy in this field are still facing major challenges and many problems that need to be solved. Therefore, this paper summarized and analyzed the clinical trials of OECs transplantation in the treatment of SCI, and discussed the problems and challenges of OECs transplantation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Mei-Juan Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Fan-Qing Pu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Liao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Fu-Qi Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China.
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Zheng Z, Zhao X, Yuan B, Jiang S, Yan R, Dong X, Yao Q, Liang H. Soy isoflavones induces mitophagy to inhibit the progression of osteosarcoma by blocking the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Med 2024; 30:5. [PMID: 38191316 PMCID: PMC10775635 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soy isoflavones (SI) is a natural bioactive substance exhibiting beneficial effects on human health. This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic potential of SI in the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS) and to investigate the underlying mechanisms, particularly focusing on mitophagy. METHODS The effects of SI on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of U2OS cells were analyzed. Mitophagy was assessed through multiple parameters: mitochondrial autophagosomes, mitochondrial membrane potential, autophagy-related proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Protein levels related to apoptosis, autophagy, and the AKT/mTOR pathway were analyzed using western blot. The therapeutic efficacy of SI was further identified using a mouse tumor xenograft model. Cell apoptosis and proliferation in tumor xenografts were detected by TUNEL staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. RESULTS SI dose-dependently suppressed the viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion of U2OS cells, and enhanced the apoptosis. SI also dose-dependently induced mitophagy in OS cells, evidenced by an increase in autophagosomes and ROS levels, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and OCR, and concomitant changes in autophagy-related proteins. Mdivi-1, an inhibitor of mitophagy, reversed the anti-tumor effects of SI on U2OS cells. In addition, SI blocked the AKT/mTOR pathway in U2OS cells. SC-79, an AKT agonist, reversed the effect of SI on inducing mitophagy. Moreover, SI also promoted cell apoptosis and mitophagy in tumor xenografts in vivo. CONCLUSIONS SI induces mitophagy in OS cells by blocking the AKT/mTOR pathway, contributing to the inhibition of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziang Zheng
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Repair and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinghan Zhao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Repair and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Repair and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Repair and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Rushan Yan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Repair and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaowei Dong
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Repair and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Qijun Yao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Repair and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Haidong Liang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Repair and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China.
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Song Y, Song Q, Hu D, Sun B, Gao M, Liang X, Qu B, Suo L, Yin Z, Wang L. The potential applications of artificially modified exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in tumor therapy. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1299384. [PMID: 38250549 PMCID: PMC10798044 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1299384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have tumor-homing ability and play critical roles in tumor treatment, but their dual influences on tumor progression limit their therapeutic applications. Exosomes derived from MSCs (MSC-exosomes) exhibit great potential in targeted tumor treatment due to their advantages of high stability, low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, long circulation time and homing characteristics. Furthermore, the artificial modification of MSC-exosomes could amplify their advantages and their inhibitory effect on tumors and could overcome the limit of tumor-promoting effect. In this review, we summarize the latest therapeutic strategies involving artificially modified MSC-exosomes in tumor treatment, including employing these exosomes as nanomaterials to carry noncoding RNAs or their inhibitors and anticancer drugs, and genetic engineering modification of MSC-exosomes. We also discuss the feasibility of utilizing artificially modified MSC-exosomes as an emerging cell-free method for tumor treatment and related challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Song
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Quanlin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Daosheng Hu
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Binwen Sun
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingwei Gao
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiangnan Liang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Boxin Qu
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lida Suo
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zeli Yin
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Sirajudeen F, Malhab LJB, Bustanji Y, Shahwan M, Alzoubi KH, Semreen MH, Taneera J, El-Huneidi W, Abu-Gharbieh E. Exploring the Potential of Rosemary Derived Compounds (Rosmarinic and Carnosic Acids) as Cancer Therapeutics: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:38-55. [PMID: 38148552 PMCID: PMC10762267 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, conventional cancer treatment methods often have severe side effects and limited success rates. In the last decade, extensive research has been conducted to develop safe, and efficient alternative treatments that do not have the limitations of existing anticancer medicines. Plant-derived compounds have shown promise in cancer treatment for their anti-carcinogenic and anti-proliferative properties. Rosmarinic acid (RA) and carnosic acid (CA) are potent polyphenolic compounds found in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract. They have been extensively studied for their biological properties, which include anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. In addition, RA and CA have demonstrated effective anti-proliferative properties against various cancers, making them promising targets for extensive research to develop candidate or leading compounds for cancer treatment. This review discusses and summarizes the anti-tumor effect of RA and CA against various cancers and highlights the involved biochemical and mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazila Sirajudeen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lara J. Bou Malhab
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Leng Y, Li J, Long Z, Li C, Zhang L, Huang Z, Xi J, Liu Y. Osteoblast-derived exosomes promote osteogenic differentiation of osteosarcoma cells via URG4/Wnt signaling pathway. Bone 2024; 178:116933. [PMID: 37832904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor. Although surgery and chemotherapy are the main treatment methods, the overall curative effect remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic options for osteosarcoma. In this study, the effect and molecular mechanism of osteoblast-derived exosomes on the treatment of osteosarcoma were evaluated. Human primary osteoblasts were cultured to observe the effects of osteoblast-derived exosomes on the osteogenic differentiation of osteosarcoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase detection were used to evaluate the degree of osteogenic differentiation, and immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect protein expression. The results showed that osteoblast-derived exosomes effectively inhibited the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells and promoted their mineralization in vitro. The exosomes also significantly inhibited tumor growth and promoted tumor tissue mineralization in vivo. Osteoblast-derived exosomes upregulated the expression of bone sialoprotein, osteonectin, osteopontin, runt-related transcription factor 2, and Wnt inhibitory factor 1, downregulated the expression of cyclin D1, and suppressed the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and promoted its phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo. However, these effects were significantly reversed by upregulated gene (URG) 4 overexpression. These findings suggest that osteoblast-derived exosomes could activate the osteogenic differentiation process in osteosarcoma cells and promote their differentiation by targeting the URG4/Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxi Leng
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department VI, Affiliated Hongdu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330008, PR China
| | - Jingtang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, PR China
| | - Zhisheng Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, PR China
| | - Zutai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Xi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, PR China
| | - Yayun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, PR China.
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Chen X, Liu Y, Stavrinou P, Stavrinou L, Hu W, Goldbrunner R, Zheng F, He H. Spinal cord injury: Olfactory ensheathing cell-based therapeutic strategies. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25283. [PMID: 38284859 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly disabling neurological disorder that is difficult to treat due to its complex pathophysiology and nerve regeneration difficulties. Hence, effective SCI treatments are necessary. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), glial cells derived from the olfactory bulb or mucosa, are ideal candidates for SCI treatment because of their neuroprotective and regenerative properties, ample supply, and convenience. In vitro, animal model, and human trial studies have reported discoveries on OEC transplantation; however, shortcomings have also been demonstrated. Recent studies have optimized various OEC transplantation strategies, including drug integration, biomaterials, and gene editing. This review aims to introduce OECs mechanisms in repairing SCI, summarize the research progress of OEC transplantation-optimized strategies, and provide novel research ideas for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yibin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Pantelis Stavrinou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Neurosurgery, Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Lampis Stavrinou
- 2nd Department of Neurosurgery, "Attikon" University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Weipeng Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Roland Goldbrunner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Hefan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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Yang X, Wang Q, Yan C, Huang D, Zhang Y, He H, Xiong S, Li C, Chen P, Ye T, Hu D, Wang L. A dual-functional strontium-decorated titanium implants that guides the immune response for osseointegration of osteoporotic rats. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 233:113643. [PMID: 37995629 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to the dynamic imbalance between osteogenesis and osteoclasis and the abnormal inflammatory microenvironment in situ, osteoporosis hampers the early osseointegration between implants and bones. To improve osseointegration with the osteoporosis, we first coated the titanium implants (Ti) with polydopamine (PDA) coating (Ti-PDA), followed by modification with strontium (Sr) to prepare the Ti-PDA-Sr implants. An osteoporotic rat model with femoral bone defect was verified to estimate the osseointegration of the implants. The Ti-PDA-Sr implants exhibited good biocompatibility with continuous release of Sr ions for up to 21 days. Ti-PDA-Sr implants promoted the osteogenesis of BMSCs and the polarization of BMMs to M2 phenotype compared to that of Ti and Ti-PDA implants, revealing the double-regulated effects in bone induction and immune regulation. According to the Micro-CT and histopathology results, Ti-PDA-Sr implants exhibited the most stable osseointegration between bone tissues and implants. According to the immunohistochemistry results, the Ti-PDA-Sr implants differentiated the BMMs to M2 phenotype, alleviating the abnormal inflammation in osteoporosis and preventing the consistent bone destruction between the implants and bone tissues. This study provides a practical and effective strategy in preparing bi-functional implants that can promote osseointegration with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Chaoxi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Zhijiang, Yichang 443200, Hubei, China
| | - Degang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Yinchang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Huazheng He
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Shouliang Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Congming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Pingbo Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Tingjun Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215500, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China.
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Wang Y, She S, Li W, Zhu J, Li X, Yang F, Dai K. Inhibition of cGAS-STING pathway by stress granules after activation of M2 macrophages by human mesenchymal stem cells against drug induced liver injury. Mol Immunol 2024; 165:42-54. [PMID: 38150981 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cells can produce stress granules (SGs) to protect itself from damage under stress. The cGAS-STING pathway is one of the important pattern recognition pathways in the natural immune system. This study was investigated whether human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) could protect the liver by inducing M2 macrophages to produce SGs during acute drug induced liver injury (DILI) induced by acetaminophen (APAP). METHODS After intragastric administration of APAP in vivo to induce DILI mice model, hMSCs were injected into the tail vein. The co-culture system of hMSCs and M2 macrophages was established in vitro. It was further use SGs inhibitor anisomicin to intervene M2 macrophages. The liver histopathology, liver function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, apoptosis pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) level, SGs markers (G3BP1/TIA-1), cGAS-STING pathway, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β mRNA levels in liver tissue and M2 macrophages were observed. RESULTS In vivo experiments, it showed that hMSCs could alleviate liver injury, inhibite the level of ROS, apoptosis and ERS, protect liver function in DILI mice. The mount of M2 was increased in the liver. hMSCs could also induce the production of SGs, inhibit the cGAS-STING pathway and reduce TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β mRNA expression. The results in vitro showed that hMSCs could induce the production of SGs in macrophages, inhibit the cGAS-STING pathway, promote the secretion of IL-4 and IL-13, and reduce TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β mRNA level in cells. In the process of IL-4 inducing M2 macrophage activation, anisomycin could inhibit the production of SGs, activate the cGAS-STING pathway, and promote the inflammatory factor TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β mRNA expression in cells. CONCLUSIONS HMSCs had a protective effect on acute DILI in mice induced by APAP. Its mechanism might involve in activating M2 type macrophages, promoting the production of SGs, inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway, and reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages, to reduce hepatocytes damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Sha She
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jiling Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Kai Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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Al-Jipouri A, Eritja À, Bozic M. Unraveling the Multifaceted Roles of Extracellular Vesicles: Insights into Biology, Pharmacology, and Pharmaceutical Applications for Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:485. [PMID: 38203656 PMCID: PMC10779093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released from various cell types that have emerged as powerful new therapeutic option for a variety of diseases. EVs are involved in the transmission of biological signals between cells and in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, highlighting them as potential novel targets/platforms for therapeutics intervention and/or delivery. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate new aspects of EVs' biogenesis, biodistribution, metabolism, and excretion as well as safety/compatibility of both unmodified and engineered EVs upon administration in different pharmaceutical dosage forms and delivery systems. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of essential physiological and pathological roles of EVs in different organs and organ systems. We provide an overview regarding application of EVs as therapeutic targets, therapeutics, and drug delivery platforms. We also explore various approaches implemented over the years to improve the dosage of specific EV products for different administration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Jipouri
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Àuria Eritja
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), 25196 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Milica Bozic
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany;
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), 25196 Lleida, Spain;
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Li S, Zhang H, Shang G. Current status and future challenges of CAR-T cell therapy for osteosarcoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1290762. [PMID: 38187386 PMCID: PMC10766856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1290762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common bone malignancy in children and adolescents, poses considerable challenges in terms of prognosis, especially for patients with metastatic or recurrent disease. While surgical intervention and adjuvant chemotherapy have improved survival rates, limitations such as impractical tumor removal or chemotherapy resistance hinder the treatment outcomes. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, an innovative immunotherapy approach that involves targeting tumor antigens and releasing immune factors, has shown significant advancements in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, its application in solid tumors, including osteosarcoma, is constrained by factors such as low antigen specificity, limited persistence, and the complex tumor microenvironment. Research on osteosarcoma is ongoing, and some targets have shown promising results in pre-clinical studies. This review summarizes the current status of research on CAR-T cell therapy for osteosarcoma by compiling recent literature. It also proposes future research directions to enhance the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhe Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Wang Y, Lu J, Xiao H, Ding L, He Y, Chang C, Wang W. Mechanism of Valeriana Jatamansi Jones for the treatment of spinal cord injury based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36434. [PMID: 38115366 PMCID: PMC10727557 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by high rates of disability and death. Valeriana jatamansi Jones (VJJ), a Chinese herbal medicine, has been identified to improve motor function recovery in rats with SCI. The study aimed to analyze the potential molecular mechanisms of action of VJJ in the treatment of SCI. The main ingredients of VJJ were obtained from the literature and the SwissADME platform was used to screen the active ingredients. The Swiss TargetPrediction platform was used to predict the targets of VJJ, and the targets of SCI were obtained from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. The intersecting genes were considered potential targets of VJJ in SCI. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database and the hub genes of VJJ for SCI treatment were screened according to their degree values. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed using the Metascape database. Cytoscape software was used to construct the "herb-ingredient-target-pathway" network. Preliminary validation was performed using molecular docking via Auto Dock Vina software. A total of 56 active ingredients of VJJ, mainly iridoids, were identified. There were 1493 GO items (P < .01) and 173 signaling pathways (P < .01) obtained from GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment, including the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway. Molecular docking revealed that 12 hub genes enriched in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway had a high binding affinity for the active ingredient of VJJ. VJJ may exert its therapeutic effects on SCI through the iridoid fraction, acting on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, CASP3, AKT1, tumor necrosis factor, mammalian target of rapamycin, interleukin 6, and other hub genes, which may be related to the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Wang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Ding
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongzhi He
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Chang
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenchun Wang
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical Transformation Center of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Bicer M. Exploring therapeutic avenues: mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and exosomes in confronting enigmatic biofilm-producing fungi. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:11. [PMID: 38063945 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections concomitant with biofilms can demonstrate an elevated capacity to withstand substantially higher concentrations of antifungal agents, contrasted with infectious diseases caused by planktonic cells. This inherent resilience intrinsic to biofilm-associated infections engenders a formidable impediment to effective therapeutic interventions. The different mechanisms that are associated with the intrinsic resistance of Candida species encompass drug sequestration by the matrix, drug efflux pumps, stress response cell density, and the presence of persister cells. These persisters, a subset of fungi capable of surviving hostile conditions, pose a remarkable challenge in clinical settings in virtue of their resistance to conventional antifungal therapies. Hence, an exigent imperative has arisen for the development of novel antifungal therapeutics with specific targeting capabilities focused on these pathogenic persisters. On a global scale, fungal persistence and their resistance within biofilms generate an urgent clinical need for investigating recently introduced therapeutic strategies. This review delves into the unique characteristics of Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and their secreted exosomes, which notably exhibit immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. By comprehensively assessing the current literature and ongoing research in this field, this review sheds light on the plausible mechanisms by which MSCs and their exosomes can be harnessed to selectively target fungal persisters. Additionally, prospective approaches in the use of cell-based therapeutic modalities are examined, emphasizing the importance of further research to overcome the enigmatic fungal persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesude Bicer
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, 38080, Turkey.
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Sengul F, Vatansev H, Ozturk B. Investigation the effects of bee venom and H-dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells on non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:2. [PMID: 38057592 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer, one of the most common oncological diseases worldwide, continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The development of new approaches for lung cancer, which still has a low survival rate despite medical advances, is of great importance. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, bee venom (BV), conditioned medium of MSCs isolated from dental follicles (MSC-CM) and cisplatin were applied at different doses and their effects on A549 cell line were evaluated. Dental follicles were used as a source of MSCs source and differentiation kits, and characterization studies (flow cytometry) were performed. Cell viability was measured by the MTT method and apoptosis was measured by an Annexin V-FITC/PI kit on flow cytometer. IC50 dose values were determined according to the 24th hour and were determined as 15.8 µg/mL for BV, 10.78% for MSC-CM and 5.77 µg/mL for cisplatin. IC50 values found for BV and MSC-CM were also given in combination and the effects were observed. It was found that the applied substances caused BV to decrease in cell viability and induced apoptosis in cells. In addition to the induction of apoptosis in BV, MSC-CM, and combined use, all three applications led to an increase in Bax protein expression and a decrease in Bcl-2 protein expression. The molecular mechanism of anticancer activity through inhibition of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins and the NF-κB signaling pathway may be suggested. CONCLUSION Isolated MSCs in our study showed anticancer activity and BV and MSC-CM showed synergistic antiproliferative and apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Sengul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Adiyaman, Central Classroom C Block Floor:3, 02040, Adiyaman, Turkey.
| | - Husamettin Vatansev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Selçuk, Alaeddin Keykubat Campus, 42131, Konya, Turkey
| | - Bahadir Ozturk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Selçuk, Alaeddin Keykubat Campus, 42131, Konya, Turkey
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Liao Y, Yi Q, He J, Huang D, Xiong J, Sun W, Sun W. Extracellular vesicles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance and intercellular communication in osteosarcoma. Bioengineered 2023; 14:113-128. [PMID: 37377390 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2161711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTS Extracellular vehicles play crucial function in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis.Extracellular vehicles mediated the intercellular communication of osteosarcoma cells with other types cells in tumor microenvironment.Extracellular vehicles have potential utility in osteosarcoma diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- The Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Jinglong He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Dixi Huang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyi Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Weichao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
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Ling MTM, Govindaraju K, Lokanathan Y, Abidin AZ, Ibrahim B. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for metabolic syndrome therapy: Assessing efficacy with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1044-1059. [PMID: 37933415 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. The prevalence of MetS has surged, transforming it into a pressing public health concern that could potentially affect around 20%-25% of the global population. As MetS continues its ascent, diverse interventions, pharmacological, nonpharmacological and combined have been deployed. Yet, a comprehensive remedy that fully eradicates MetS symptoms remains elusive, compounded by the risks of polypharmacy's emergence. Acknowledging the imperative to grasp MetS's intricate pathologies, deeper insights for future research and therapy optimisation become paramount. Conventional treatments often target specific syndrome elements. However, a novel approach emerges in mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) therapy, promising a holistic shift. MSC-EVs, tiny membranous vesicles secreted by mesenchymal stem cells, have garnered immense attention for their multifaceted bioactivity and regenerative potential. Their ability to modulate inflammation, enhance tissue repair and regulate metabolic pathways has prompted researchers to explore their therapeutic application in MetS. This review primarily aims to provide an overview of how MSC-EVs therapy can improve metabolic parameters in subjects with MetS disease and also introduce the usefulness of NMR spectroscopy in assessing the efficacy of MSC-EVs therapy for treating MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene Tan Mei Ling
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kayatri Govindaraju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Asmaa' Zainal Abidin
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defense Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Baharudin Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Waseem A, Saudamini, Haque R, Janowski M, Raza SS. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: Shaping the next era of stroke treatment. Neuroprotection 2023; 1:99-116. [PMID: 38283953 PMCID: PMC10811806 DOI: 10.1002/nep3.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Exosome-based treatments are gaining traction as a viable approach to addressing the various issues faced by an ischemic stroke. These extracellular vesicles, mainly produced by Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), exhibit many properties with substantial therapeutic potential. Exosomes are particularly appealing for stroke therapy because of their low immunogenicity, effective cargo transport, and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Their diverse effects include neuroprotection, angiogenesis stimulation, inflammatory response modulation, and cell death pathway attenuation, synergistically promoting neuronal survival, tissue regeneration, and functional recovery. Exosomes also show potential as diagnostic indicators for early stroke identification and customized treatment options. Despite these promising qualities, current exosome-based therapeutics have some limitations. The heterogeneity of exosome release among cell types, difficulty in standardization and isolation techniques, and complications linked to dosage and targeted administration necessitates extensive investigation. It is critical to thoroughly understand exosomal processes and their complicated interactions within the cellular milieu. To improve the practicality and efficacy of exosome-based medicines, research efforts must focus on improving production processes, developing robust evaluation criteria, and developing large-scale isolation techniques. Altogether, exosomes' multifunctional properties offer a new route for transforming stroke treatment and significantly improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshi Waseem
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, India
| | - Saudamini
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
| | - Rizwanul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, India
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Era’s Lucknow Medical College Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, India
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Hong X, Fu R. Construction of a 5-gene prognostic signature based on oxidative stress related genes for predicting prognosis in osteosarcoma. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295364. [PMID: 38039294 PMCID: PMC10691720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The understanding of the complex biological scenario of osteosarcoma will open the way to identifying new strategies for its treatment. Oxidative stress is a cancer-related biological scenario. At present, it is not clear the oxidative stress genes in affecting the prognosis and progression of osteosarcoma, the underlying mechanism as well as their impact on the classification of osteosarcoma subtypes. METHODS We selected samples and sequencing data from TARGET data set and GSE21257 data set, and downloaded oxidative stress related-genes (OSRGs) from MsigDB. Univariate Cox analysis of OSRG was conducted using TARGET data, and the prognostic OSRG was screened to conduct unsupervised clustering analysis to identify the molecular subtypes of osteosarcoma. Through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and COX regression analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between subgroups, a risk assessment system for osteosarcoma was developed. RESULTS 45 prognosis-related OSRGs genes were acquired, and two molecular subtypes of osteosarcoma were clustered. C2 cluster displayed prolonged overall survival (OS) accompanied with high degree of immune infiltration and enriched immune pathways. While cell cycle related pathways were enriched in C2 cluster. Based on DEGs between subgroups and Lasso analysis, 5 hub genes (ZYX, GJA5, GAL, GRAMD1B, and CKMT2) were screened to establish a robust prognostic risk model independent of clinicopathological features. High-risk group had more patients with cancer metastasis and death as well as C1 subtype with poor prognosis. Low-risk group exhibited favorable OS and high immune infiltration status. Additionally, the risk assessment system was optimized by building decision tree and nomogram. CONCLUSIONS This study defined two molecular subtypes of osteosarcoma with different prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment status based on the expression of OSRGs, and provided a new risk assessment system for the prognosis of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Hong
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ribin Fu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Mohamed AS, Abdel-Fattah DS, Abdel-Aleem GA, El-Sheikh TF, Elbatch MM. Biochemical study of the effect of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome versus L-Dopa in experimentally induced Parkinson's disease in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2795-2811. [PMID: 36966421 PMCID: PMC10627934 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and ongoing neurological condition. Unfortunately, as the dopaminergic terminals continue to deteriorate, the effectiveness of anti-Parkinson therapy decreases. This study aimed to examine the effects of BM-MSCs-derived exosomes in rats induced with Parkinson's disease. The goal was to determine their potential for neurogenic repair and functional restoration. Forty male albino rats were divided into four groups: control (group I), PD (group II), PD-L-Dopa (group III), and PD-exosome (group IV). Motor tests, histopathological examinations, and immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase were performed on brain tissue. The levels of α-synuclein, DJ-1, PARKIN, circRNA.2837, and microRNA-34b were measured in brain homogenates. Rotenone induced motor deficits and neuronal alterations. Groups (III) and (IV) showed improvement in motor function, histopathology, α-synuclein, PARKIN, and DJ-1 compared to group (II). Group (IV) showed improvement in microRNA-34b and circRNA.2837 compared to groups (III) and (II). MSC-derived exosomes showed a greater suppression of neurodegenerative disease (ND) compared to L-Dopa in Parkinson's patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa S Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt.
| | - Dina S Abdel-Fattah
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abdel-Aleem
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Thanaa F El-Sheikh
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Manal M Elbatch
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
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Chou Y, Alfarafisa NM, Ikezawa M, Khairani AF. Progress in the Development of Stem Cell-Derived Cell-Free Therapies for Skin Aging. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:3383-3406. [PMID: 38021432 PMCID: PMC10676866 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s434439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The skin is a vital organ as the body's largest barrier, but its function declines with aging. Therefore, research into effective regeneration treatments must continue to advance. Stem cell transplantation, a cell-based therapy, has become a popular skin-aging treatment, although it comes with drawbacks like host immune reactions. Stem cell-derived cell-free therapies have emerged as an alternative, backed by promising preclinical findings. Stem cell secretomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the key components in cell-free therapy from stem cells. However, comprehensive reviews on the mechanisms of such treatments for skin aging are still limited. Purpose This review discusses stem cell-derived cell-free therapy's potential mechanisms of action related to skin aging prevention by identifying specific molecular targets suitable for the interventions. Methods A search identified 27 relevant in vitro studies on stem cell-derived cell-free therapy interventions in skin aging model cells without restricting publication years using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results Stem cell-derived cell-free therapy can prevent skin aging through various mechanisms, such as (1) involvement of multiple regenerative pathways [NFkb, AP-1, MAPK, P-AKT, NRF2, SIRT-1]; (2) oxidative stress regulation [by reducing oxidants (HO-1, NQO1) and enhancing antioxidants (SOD1, CAT, GP, FRAP)]; (3) preventing ECM degradation [by increasing elastin, collagen, HA, TIMP, and reducing MMP]; (4) regulating cell activity [by reducing cell senescence (SA-β-gal), apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest (P53, P12, P16); and enhancing autophagy, cell migration, and cell proliferation (Ki67)] (5) Regulating the inflammatory pathway [by reducing IL-6, IL-1, TNF-⍺, and increasing TGF-β]. Several clinical trials have also revealed improvements in wrinkles, elasticity, hydration, pores, and pigmentation. Conclusion Stem cell-derived cell-free therapy is a potential novel treatment for skin aging by cell rejuvenation through various molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoan Chou
- Graduate School of Master Program in Anti Aging and Aesthetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nayla Majeda Alfarafisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Maiko Ikezawa
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Astrid Feinisa Khairani
- Graduate School of Master Program in Anti Aging and Aesthetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
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Gao YM, Pei Y, Zhao FF, Wang L. Osteoclasts in Osteosarcoma: Mechanisms, Interactions, and Therapeutic Prospects. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:1323-1337. [PMID: 38027241 PMCID: PMC10661907 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s431213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an extremely malignant tumor, and its pathogenesis is complex and remains incompletely understood. Most cases of osteosarcoma are accompanied by symptoms of bone loss or result in pathological fractures due to weakened bones. Enhancing the survival rate of osteosarcoma patients has proven to be a long-standing challenge. Numerous studies mentioned in this paper, including in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-situ studies have consistently indicated a close association between the symptoms of bone loss associated with osteosarcoma and the presence of osteoclasts. As the sole cells capable of bone resorption, osteoclasts participate in a malignant cycle within the osteosarcoma microenvironment. These cells interact with osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells, secreting various factors that further influence these cells, disrupting bone homeostasis, and shifting the balance toward bone resorption, thereby promoting the onset and progression of osteosarcoma. Moreover, the interaction between osteoclasts and various other cells types, such as tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, DCs cells, T cells, and tumor-associated fibroblasts in the osteosarcoma microenvironment plays a crucial role in disease progression. Consequently, understanding the role of osteoclasts in osteosarcoma has sparked significant interest. This review primarily examines the physiological characteristics and functional mechanisms of osteoclasts in osteosarcoma, and briefly discusses potential therapies targeting osteoclasts for osteosarcoma treatment. These studies provide fresh ideas and directions for future research on the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Pei
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei-Fei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
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Mohmad Saberi SE, Chua LS. Potential of rosmarinic acid from Orthosiphon aristatus extract for inflammatory induced diseases and its mechanisms of action. Life Sci 2023; 333:122170. [PMID: 37827234 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Orthosiphon aristatus has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb for various illnesses in Southeast Asia and Europe. The most dominant bioactive compound of the herb is rosmarinic acid (RosA) which has been demonstrated for its remarkable anti-inflammatory properties. This review describes the recent progress of studies on multi-target molecular pathways of RosA in relation to targeted inflammatory-associated diseases. An inclusive literature search was conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer Link, PubMed, Medline, Wiley and Science Direct for studies reporting on the anti-inflammatory actions of RosA from 2008 until 2023. The keywords of the search were RosA and anti-inflammatory in relation to hepatoprotective, chondroprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and toxicity. Only publications that are written in English are included in this review. The inhibition and deactivation of pro-inflammatory biomolecules by RosA were explained based on the initial inflammation stimuli and their location in the body. The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 expression to inhibit NF-κB pathway is the key mechanism for hepatoprotection. Besides NF-κB inhibition, RosA activates PPARγ to alleviate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury for cardioprotection. The regulation of MAPK and T-cell activation is important for chondroprotection, whereas the anti-oxidant property of RosA is the main contributor of neuroprotection. Even though less studies on the anti-inflammation of RosA extracts from O. aristatus, but the effective pharmacological properties of RosA has promoted it as a natural potent lead for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salfarina Ezrina Mohmad Saberi
- Herbal and Phytochemical Unit, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Suan Chua
- Herbal and Phytochemical Unit, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
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50
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Wang S, Wu H, Shi X, Wang Y, Xu S. Polystyrene microplastics with different sizes induce the apoptosis and necroptosis in liver through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/autophagy axis. Sci Total Environ 2023; 899:165461. [PMID: 37451460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The production of plastics worldwide has been instrumental in the progress of modern society, while the increasing accumulation of plastics castoff in oceans, soils and anywhere else has become a major pressure source on environmental sustainability and animal health. Meanwhile, from a biological perspective, our understanding of the toxicological fingerprints of plastics, especially microplastics (MPs), is still poor. Here, we reported a phenomenon of hepatotoxicity dominated by MPs in the form of polystyrene (PS), was observed in mice model systems and cellular assays. Apoptosis and necroptosis related to the size of particles were seen upon PS-MPs introduction, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and quantitative analysis of signaling pathways in vivo and vitro. Collectively, the current study demonstrated that the levels of liver cell injury caused by PS-MPs were negatively correlated with the particle diameters. Small-sized particles (1-10 μm) induced cell death primarily as necroptosis whereas the large-sized particles (50-100 μm) mainly induced apoptosis, which was directly accomplished by PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling axis and its targeted autophagy flux. More interestingly, inhibition of autophagy not only alleviated PS-MPs-triggered cell death, but also changed the form of death injury to a certain extent. This uncovered crosstalk relationship opens up a new avenue for investigating the biological and toxicological effects of MPs, and may provide important insights for preventing and limiting of health hazards from MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xu Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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