451
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Baddam S, Penmetsa GS, Mandalapu N, DV S, Mannem R, Alla RK, Gadde P. Immunolocalization of CD34 Positive Progenitor Cells in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Periodontitis Patients - A Comparative Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:ZC96-9. [PMID: 25584328 PMCID: PMC4290284 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/9827.5191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little research has been documented to determine the CD34 positive cells in healthy periodontium, chronic periodontitis and in chronic periodontitis with diabetes mellitus individuals. AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the CD34 positive progenitor cells of the gingiva in patients with healthy periodontium, chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis with Diabetes Mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total number of 75 patients were divided into 3 groups which included Group I (healthy periodontium), Group II (chronic periodontitis) and Group III (chronic periodontitis with diabetes mellitus). Periodontal examination included Plaque index, Gingival index, Gingival bleeding index, Probing pocket depth and Clinical attachment levels. Gingival biopsies were collected from each participant and they were fixed in formalin embedded in paraffin which was later subjected to immunohistochemical procedure with anti-CD34 (a stemness marker). T-Test and Regression analysis (R-square) was used to analyse the data. RESULTS The mean number of CD34 positive cells were higher in group III (5.71±1.97) compared to Group chronic periodontitis group I (4.98± 2.08) and II (4.48± 1.24). CONCLUSION Although CD34 is a non specific stemness marker, results suggest that there is a significant difference in the number of CD34 positive progenitor cells between Group II and Group III but no significant difference was observed between Group I, II and Group I, III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyanarayana Baddam
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, CKS Teja Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Thirupathi, India
| | - Gautami S Penmetsa
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Narendra Mandalapu
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sitaramaraju DV
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Periodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ravikanth Mannem
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rama Krishna Alla
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Materials, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Praveen Gadde
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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452
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In Vivo Tissue-Engineered Allogenic Trachea Transplantation in Rabbits: A Preliminary Report. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014; 11:347-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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453
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Vernikouskaya I, Fekete N, Bannwarth M, Erle A, Rojewski M, Landfester K, Schmidtke-Schrezenmeier G, Schrezenmeier H, Rasche V. Iron-loaded PLLA nanoparticles as highly efficient intracellular markers for visualization of mesenchymal stromal cells by MRI. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 9:109-21. [PMID: 24523056 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of the fate of cells after injection appears paramount for the further development of cell therapies. In this context magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasing in relevance owing to its unique tissue visualization properties. For assessment of cell trafficking and homing, the cells have to be labeled to become MR visible. The rather low sensitivity of MRI demands dedicated intracellular markers with high payloads of MR contrast agents for ensuring sensitive detection of local cell aggregations. In the presented work the application of custom-designed nanometer-sized iron oxide loaded poly-(l-lactide) (iPLLA) nanoparticles was investigated. The particles were synthesized by the mini-emulsion process and evaluated for labeling of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The efficient cellular uptake and long intracellular retention times of the particles as well as their nontoxicity are demonstrated. The average cellular iron content was 55 pg iron per cell. Further incorporation of, for example, fluorescent dye enables the generation of multireporter particles, providing the great potential for multimodal imaging. The efficiency of these nanoparticles as MRI contrast agent was evaluated in vitro using relaxation rate mapping, yielding relaxivities r2 = 273.3, r2 (*) = 545.1 mm(-1) s(-1) at 3 T and r2 = 415.7, r2 (*) = 872.3 mm(-1) s(-1) at 11.7 T. The high r2 (*) relaxivity of the iPLLA nanoparticles enabled visualization of a single labeled cell in vitro at 50-µm spatial resolution. In vivo evaluation in a rat injury model revealed the potential of the iPLLA particles to efficiently label MSCs for MRI monitoring of ~20 000-40 000 injected cells at 11.7 T. In conclusion the presented work demonstrates the applicability of iPLLA particles as efficient intracellular marker for MSC labeling for monitoring the fate of the cells by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vernikouskaya
- Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Small Animal MRI, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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454
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Chamberlain MD, West MED, Lam GC, Sefton MV. In vivo remodelling of vascularizing engineered tissues. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 43:1189-200. [PMID: 25297985 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A critical aspect of creating vascularized tissues is the remodelling that occurs in vivo, driven in large part by the host response to the tissue construct. Rather than a simple inflammatory response, a beneficial tissue remodelling response results in the formation of vascularised tissue. The characteristics and dynamics of this response are slowly being elucidated, especially as they are modulated by the complex interaction between the biomaterial and cellular components of the tissue constructs and the host. This process has elements that are similar to both wound healing and tumour development, and its features are illustrated by reference to the bottom-up generation of a tissue using modular constructs. These modular constructs consist of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) embedded in endothelial cell (EC)-covered collagen gel rods that are a few hundred microns in size. Particular attention is paid to the role of hypoxia and macrophage recruitment, as well as the paracrine effects of the MSC and EC in this host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dean Chamberlain
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
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455
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Yan Z, Zhuansun Y, Liu G, Chen R, Li J, Ran P. Mesenchymal stem cells suppress T cells by inducing apoptosis and through PD-1/B7-H1 interactions. Immunol Lett 2014; 162:248-55. [PMID: 25281059 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exert a suppressive role toward T cells which has been widely studied in recent decades. However, the underlying mechanisms utilized by MSCs are still not fully elucidated. Herein, we performed traditional suppressive assays using co-cultured MSCs and conventional CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells (Tconv) with and without transwell systems. We showed that the expression of programmed cell death-1 receptor (PD-1) on activated Tconv was significantly elevated after they were exposed to MSCs. And we demonstrated that PD-1/B7-H1 pathway was involved in the suppression of MSCs on activated Tconv. Further analysis revealed that the up-regulation of PD-1 was related to an increasing apoptosis of activated Tconv. Finally, we demonstrated that the PD-1/B7-H1 pathway was not related to the elevated immunosuppressive cytokines including IL-10 and TGF-β1 which in turn played dispensable roles in the up-regulation of PD-1 on activated Tconv in MSC-Tconv co-culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yongxun Zhuansun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Guirong Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Pixin Ran
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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456
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Maan ZN, Rennert RC, Koob TJ, Januszyk M, Li WW, Gurtner GC. Cell recruitment by amnion chorion grafts promotes neovascularization. J Surg Res 2014; 193:953-962. [PMID: 25266600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonhealing wounds are a significant health burden. Stem and progenitor cells can accelerate wound repair and regeneration. Human amniotic membrane has demonstrated efficacy in promoting wound healing, though the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. A dehydrated human amnion chorion membrane (dHACM) was tested for its ability to recruit hematopoietic progenitor cells to a surgically implanted graft in a murine model of cutaneous ischemia. METHODS dHACM was subcutaneously implanted under elevated skin (ischemic stimulus) in either wild-type mice or mice surgically parabiosed to green fluorescent protein (GFP) + reporter mice. A control acellular dermal matrix, elevated skin without an implant, and normal unwounded skin were used as controls. Wound tissue was harvested and processed for histology and flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS Implanted dHACMs recruited significantly more progenitor cells compared with controls (*P < 0.05) and displayed in vivo SDF-1 expression with incorporation of CD34 + progenitor cells within the matrix. Parabiosis modeling confirmed the circulatory origin of recruited cells, which coexpressed progenitor cell markers and were localized to foci of neovascularization within implanted matrices. CONCLUSIONS In summary, dHACM effectively recruits circulating progenitor cells, likely because of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1) expression. The recruited cells express markers of "stemness" and localize to sites of neovascularization, providing a partial mechanism for the clinical efficacy of human amniotic membrane in the treatment of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshaan N Maan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Robert C Rennert
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Michael Januszyk
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - William W Li
- Angiogenesis Foundation, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Geoffrey C Gurtner
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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457
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van Buul GM, Siebelt M, Leijs MJC, Bos PK, Waarsing JH, Kops N, Weinans H, Verhaar JAN, Bernsen MR, van Osch GJVM. Mesenchymal stem cells reduce pain but not degenerative changes in a mono-iodoacetate rat model of osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:1167-74. [PMID: 24839120 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effects of intra-articularly injected bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as well as freshly isolated bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs), on pain, cartilage damage, bone changes and inflammation in an in-vivo rat osteoarthritis (OA) model. OA was induced unilaterally by injection of mono-iodoacetate (MIA) and allowed to develop for 3 weeks. Then, animals were treated by intra-articular injection with MSCs, BMMNCs, or saline as a control. Four weeks later, pain was assessed with an incapitance tester, subchondral bone alterations were measured with µCT and cartilage quality and joint inflammation were assessed by histological analysis. Animals treated with MSCs distributed significantly more weight to the affected limb after treatment, which was not observed in the other groups. No statistically significant differences between treatment groups regarding cartilage damage, subchondral bone alterations and synovial inflammation were observed. Additional cell tracking experiments indicated adequate intra-articular cell injection and cell survival up to 2 weeks. In our OA model, injected MSCs were able to reduce MIA induced pain, as measured by an increased weight distribution to the affected limb. No statistically significant effects of the cellular therapies on structural damage and synovial inflammation were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerben M van Buul
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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458
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El-Hamoly T, Hegedűs C, Lakatos P, Kovács K, Bai P, El-Ghazaly MA, El-Denshary ES, Szabó É, Virág L. Activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 delays wound healing by regulating keratinocyte migration and production of inflammatory mediators. Mol Med 2014; 20:363-71. [PMID: 25014793 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a protein modification reaction regulating various diverse cellular functions ranging from metabolism, DNA repair and transcription to cell death. We set out to investigate the role of PARylation in wound healing, a highly complex process involving various cellular and humoral factors. We found that topically applied poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP) inhibitors 3-aminobenzamide and PJ-34 accelerated wound closure in a mouse model of excision wounding. Moreover, wounds also closed faster in PARP-1 knockout mice as compared with wild-type littermates. Immunofluorescent staining for poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) indicated increased PAR synthesis in scattered cells of the wound bed. Expression of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase and matrix metalloproteinase-9 was lower in the wounds of PARP-1 knockout mice as compared with control, and expression of IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, TIMP-1 and -2 also were affected. The level of nitrotyrosine (a marker of nitrating stress) was lower in the wounds of PARP-1 knockout animals as compared with controls. In vitro scratch assays revealed significantly faster migration of keratinocytes treated with 3-aminobenzamide or PJ34 as compared with control cells. These data suggest that PARylation by PARP-1 slows down the wound healing process by increasing the production of inflammatory mediators and nitrating stress and by slowing the migration of keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek El-Hamoly
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Csaba Hegedűs
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Petra Lakatos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mona A El-Ghazaly
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ezzeddin S El-Denshary
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Éva Szabó
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Virág
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
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459
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Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for lupus nephritis patients refractory to conventional therapy. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 33:1611-9. [PMID: 25119864 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-014-2754-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (MSCT) has been shown to be clinically efficacious in the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. Here, we analyzed the role of allogeneic MSCT to induce renal remission in patients with active and refractory lupus nephritis (LN). This is an open-label and single-center clinical trial conducted from 2007 to 2010 in which 81 Chinese patients with active and refractory LN were enrolled. Allogeneic bone marrow- or umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were administered intravenously at the dose of 1 million cells per kilogram of bodyweight. All patients were then monitored over the course of 12 months with periodic follow-up visits to evaluate renal remission, as well as possible adverse events. The primary outcome was complete renal remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) at each follow-up, as well as renal flares. The secondary outcome included renal activity score, total disease activity score, renal function, and serologic index. During the 12-month follow-up, the overall rate of survival was 95 % (77/81). Totally, 60.5 % (49/81) patients achieved renal remission during 12-month visit by MSCT. Eleven of 49 (22.4 %) patients experienced renal flare by the end of 12 months after a previous remission. Renal activity evaluated by British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) scores significantly declined after MSCT (mean ± SD, from 4.48 ± 2.60 at baseline to 1.09 ± 0.83 at 12 months), in parallel with the obvious amelioration of renal function. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) improved significantly 12 months after MSCT (mean ± SD, from 58.55 ± 19.16 to 69.51 ± 27.93 mL/min). Total disease activity evaluated by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) scores also decreased after treatment (mean ± SD, from 13.11 ± 4.20 at baseline to 5.48 ± 2.77 at 12 months). Additionally, the doses of concomitant prednisone and immunosuppressive drugs were tapered. No transplantation-related adverse event was observed. Allogeneic MSCT resulted in renal remission for active LN patients within 12-month visit, confirming its use as a potential therapy for refractory LN.
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460
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The ability to suppress macrophage-mediated inflammation in orbital fat stem cells is controlled by miR-671-5p. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:97. [PMID: 25124290 PMCID: PMC4247678 DOI: 10.1186/scrt486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Our previous works demonstrated that systemic orbital fat-derived stem cell (OFSC) transplantation was effective in ameliorating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced extensive acute lung injury (ALI) in vivo mainly through paracrine regulation of macrophage-mediated cytokine-storm. In this study, we explore the molecular mechanism(s) of OFSCs regulating macrophage activity in a cytokine-inducible fashion. Methods LPS (100 ng/ml)-activated macrophages were treated by conditioned medium from OFSCs (OFSCs-CM) or non-contact cultured with OFSCs for 6 hours. The potency of OFSCs on macrophage proliferation and pro-inflammation ability were determined. Expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages, inducible immuno-modulatory factors in OFSCs, were investigated. Deep sequencing analysis as well as interaction between microRNA (miRNA) and genes of immuno-modulators in OFSCs induced by activated macrophages was predicted by miRTar. Transfection of miRNA inhibitor into OFSCs was performed. Real-time RT-PCR and transplantation of OFSCs into mice with LPS-induced ALI confirmed the in vitro and in vivo mechanism. Results The paracrine effect of OFSCs on inhibition of macrophage pro-inflammatory cytokine release was more potent than induction of macrophage G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. OFSCs-CM suppressed LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthetase and the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, and IL-1 beta expression in macrophages. Under non-contact culture, LPS-activated macrophages effectively triggered the expression of soluble immuno-modulating factors in OFSCs, i.e., IL-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 RA), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and soluble TNF receptor type II (sTNF RII). Under miRTar prediction, miR-671-5p was identified as a critical microRNA in regulation of multiple immune-modulating factors in OFSCs response to macrophages. The baseline level of miR-671-5p was high in OFSCs, and down-regulation of miR-671-5p upon co-culture with activated macrophages was observed. MiR-671-5p inhibitor transfection into OFSCs selectively enhanced the IL-1 RA and sTNF RII expressions. In addition, inhibition of miR-671-5p in OFSCs enhanced the anti-inflammatory ability against LPS-induced ALI. Conclusion The paracrine effect of OFSCs inhibits the pro-inflammatory ability and proliferation of macrophages. The immune-modulation capacity of OFSCs can be triggered by activated macrophages, and down-regulation of miR-671-5p enhances OFSC immuno-modulation ability by up-regulating IL-1 RA and sTNF RII expression.
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461
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Cuervo B, Rubio M, Sopena J, Dominguez JM, Vilar J, Morales M, Cugat R, Carrillo JM. Hip osteoarthritis in dogs: a randomized study using mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and plasma rich in growth factors. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:13437-60. [PMID: 25089877 PMCID: PMC4159804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150813437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a single intra-articular injection of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (aMSCs) versus plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) as a treatment for reducing symptoms in dogs with hip osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: This was a randomized, multicenter, blinded, parallel group. Thirty-nine dogs with symptomatic hip OA were assigned to one of the two groups, to receive aMSCs or PRGF. The primary outcome measures were pain and function subscales, including radiologic assessment, functional limitation and joint mobility. The secondary outcome measures were owners’ satisfaction questionnaire, rescue analgesic requirement and overall safety. Data was collected at baseline, then, 1, 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Results: OA degree did not vary within groups. Functional limitation, range of motion (ROM), owner’s and veterinary investigator visual analogue scale (VAS), and patient’s quality of life improved from the first month up to six months. The aMSCs group obtained better results at 6 months. There were no adverse effects during the study. Our findings show that aMSCs and PRGF are safe and effective in the functional analysis at 1, 3 and 6 months; provide a significant improvement, reducing dog’s pain, and improving physical function. With respect to basal levels for every parameter in patients with hip OA, aMSCs showed better results at 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Cuervo
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Monica Rubio
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joaquin Sopena
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Juan Manuel Dominguez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Jose Vilar
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Manuel Morales
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Ramón Cugat
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jose Maria Carrillo
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
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462
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Kwon MS, Noh MY, Oh KW, Cho KA, Kang BY, Kim KS, Kim YS, Kim SH. The immunomodulatory effects of human mesenchymal stem cells on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in ALS patients. J Neurochem 2014; 131:206-18. [PMID: 24995608 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we reported that intrathecal injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) slowed disease progression in G93A mutant superoxide dismutase1 transgenic mice. In this study, we found that intrathecal MSC administration vastly increased the infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the spinal cord of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mice (G93A mutant superoxide dismutase1 transgenic). Thus, we investigated the immunomodulatory effect of MSCs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in ALS patients, focusing on regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg ; CD4(+) /CD25(high) /FoxP3(+) ) and the mRNA expression of several cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-β). Peripheral blood samples were obtained from nine healthy controls (HC) and sixteen patients who were diagnosed with definite or probable ALS. Isolated PBMCs from the blood samples of all subjects were co-cultured with MSCs for 24 or 72 h. Based on a fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, we found that co-culture with MSCs increased the Treg /total T-lymphocyte ratio in the PBMCs from both groups according to the co-culture duration. Co-culture of PBMCs with MSCs for 24 h led to elevated mRNA levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the PBMCs from both groups. However, after co-culturing for 72 h, although the IFN-γ mRNA level had returned to the basal level in co-cultured HC PBMCs, the IFN-γ mRNA level in co-cultured ALS PBMCs remained elevated. Additionally, the levels of IL-4 and TGF-β were markedly elevated, along with Gata3 mRNA, a Th2 transcription factor mRNA, in both HC and ALS PBMCs co-cultured for 72 h. The elevated expression of these cytokines in the co-culture supernatant was confirmed via ELISA. Furthermore, we found that the increased mRNA level of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in the co-cultured MSCs was correlated with the increase in Treg induction. These findings of Treg induction and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in co-cultured ALS PBMCs provide indirect evidence that MSCs may play a role in the immunomodulation of inflammatory responses when MSC therapy is targeted to ALS patients. We propose the following mechanism for the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) administered intrathecally in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): MSCs increase infiltration of peripheral immune cells into CNS and skew the infiltrated immune cells toward regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg ) and Th2 lymphocytes. Treg and Th2 secret anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β. A series of immunomodulatory mechanism provides a new strategy for ALS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Soo Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Min-Young Noh
- Cell Therapy Center and Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Haengdang-dong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Wook Oh
- Cell Therapy Center and Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Haengdang-dong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Cho
- Cell Therapy Center and Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Haengdang-dong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Yong Kang
- Cell Therapy Center and Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Haengdang-dong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Suk Kim
- Bioengineering Institute, CoreStem Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Seo Kim
- Cell Therapy Center and Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Haengdang-dong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung H Kim
- Cell Therapy Center and Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Haengdang-dong, Seoul, Korea
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Fekete N, Erle A, Amann EM, Fürst D, Rojewski MT, Langonné A, Sensebé L, Schrezenmeier H, Schmidtke-Schrezenmeier G. Effect of high-dose irradiation on human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2014; 21:112-22. [PMID: 24918644 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy using multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is of high interest in various indications. As the pleiotropic effects mediated by MSCs rely mostly on their unique secretory profile, long-term persistence of ex-vivo-expanded cells in the recipient may not always be desirable. Irradiation is a routine procedure in transfusion medicine to prevent long-term persistence of nucleated cells and could therefore also be applied to MSCs. We have exposed human bone-marrow-derived MSCs to 30 or 60 Gy of γ-irradiation and assessed cell proliferation, clonogenicity, differentiation, cytokine levels in media supernatants, surface receptor profile, as well as expression of proto-oncogenes/cell cycle markers, self-renewal/stemness markers, and DNA damage/irradiation markers. Irradiated MSCs show a significant decrease in proliferation and colony-forming unit-fibroblasts. However, a subpopulation of surviving cells is able to differentiate, but is unable to form colonies after irradiation. Irradiated MSCs showed stable expression of CD73 and CD90 and absence of CD3, CD34, and CD45 during a 16-week follow-up period. We found increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and a decrease of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA and PDGF-AB/BB in culture media of nonirradiated cells. Irradiated MSCs showed an inverse pattern, that is, no increase of VEGF, and less consumption of PDGF-AA and PDGF-AB/BB. Interestingly, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels increased during culture regardless of irradiation. Cells with lower sensitivity toward γ-irradiation showed positive β-galactosidase activity 10 days after irradiation. Gene expression of both irradiated and nonirradiated MSCs 13-16 weeks after irradiation with 60 Gy predominantly followed the same pattern; cell cycle regulators CDKN1A (p21) and CDKN2A (p16) were upregulated, indicating cell cycle arrest, whereas classical proto-oncogenes, respectively, and self-renewal/stemness markers MYC, TP53 (p53), and KLF4 were downregulated. In addition, DNA damage/irradiation markers ATM, ATR, BRCA1, CHEK1, CHEK2, MDC1, and TP53BP1 also mostly showed the same pattern of gene expression as high-dose γ-irradiation. In conclusion, we demonstrated the existence of an MSC subpopulation with remarkable resistance to high-dose γ-irradiation. Cells surviving irradiation retained their trilineage differentiation capacity and surface marker profile but changed their cytokine secretion profile and became prematurely senescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Fekete
- 1 Institut für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin und Immungenetik Ulm, DRK-Blutspendedienst Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Universitätsklinikum Ulm , Ulm, Germany
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464
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Na K, Yoo HS, Zhang YX, Choi MS, Lee K, Yi TG, Song SU, Jeon MS. Bone marrow-derived clonal mesenchymal stem cells inhibit ovalbumin-induced atopic dermatitis. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1345. [PMID: 25032868 PMCID: PMC4123091 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory activities, including suppression of T- and B-cell activation. However, their effects on atopic dermatitis (AD) have not yet been studied. Using an ovalbumin-induced AD mouse model, we investigated whether MSCs can be used as therapeutics in AD. We isolated both allogeneic and syngeneic clonal MSCs (cMSCs) from mouse bone marrow according to the subfractionation culturing method. Our cMSCs suppressed both T- and B-cell activation. T-cell proliferation and cytokine production, including interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4, were suppressed by inhibition of transcription factors, such as T-bet, GATA-3, and c-Maf. Those transcription factors were nitric oxide dependent. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) suppression occurred through downregulation of AID and BLIMP-1, important regulators for isotype class switch and B-cell differentiation. The cMSCs were injected intravenously into ovalbumin-induced AD mouse model, and the therapeutic effects were analyzed. Injection of both allogeneic and syngeneic cMSCs in an AD mouse model inhibited cell infiltration in skin lesions and decreased the serum level of IgE. IL-4 expression was also suppressed by cMSCs in both the lymph node and skin. The cMSCs migrated to skin lesions and draining lymph nodes. Taken together, these data demonstrated that cMSCs, which suppressed T- and B-cell functions, can be used for the treatment of AD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Na
- Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Yoo
- Department of Drug Development, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y X Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - M-S Choi
- Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - K Lee
- Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - T G Yi
- 1] Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [2] SCM Lifescience Co. Ltd, Incheon, Republic of Korea [3] Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S U Song
- 1] Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [2] Department of Drug Development, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [3] SCM Lifescience Co. Ltd, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - M-S Jeon
- 1] Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [2] Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [3] Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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465
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Management of fibrosis: the mesenchymal stromal cells breakthrough. Stem Cells Int 2014; 2014:340257. [PMID: 25132856 PMCID: PMC4123563 DOI: 10.1155/2014/340257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the endpoint of many chronic inflammatory diseases and is defined by an abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix components. Despite its slow progression, it leads to organ malfunction. Fibrosis can affect almost any tissue. Due to its high frequency, in particular in the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys, many studies have been conducted to find satisfactory treatments. Despite these efforts, current fibrosis management therapies either are insufficiently effective or induce severe adverse effects. In the light of these facts, innovative experimental therapies are being investigated. Among these, cell therapy is regarded as one of the best candidates. In particular, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have great potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The value of their immunomodulatory effects and their ability to act on profibrotic factors such as oxidative stress, hypoxia, and the transforming growth factor-β1 pathway has already been highlighted in preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, their propensity to act depending on the microenvironment surrounding them enhances their curative properties. In this paper, we review a large range of studies addressing the use of MSCs in the treatment of fibrotic diseases. The results reported here suggest that MSCs have antifibrotic potential for several organs.
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466
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Long term mesenchymal stem cell culture on a defined synthetic substrate with enzyme free passaging. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5998-6005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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467
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Kol A, Foutouhi S, Walker NJ, Kong NT, Weimer BC, Borjesson DL. Gastrointestinal microbes interact with canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and enhance immunomodulatory functions. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:1831-43. [PMID: 24803072 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are somatic, multipotent stromal cells with potent immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. Although MSCs have pattern recognition receptors and are modulated by Toll-like receptor ligands, MSC-microbial interactions are poorly defined. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of bacterial association on MSC function. We hypothesized that gastrointestinal bacteria associate with MSCs and alter their immunomodulatory properties. The effect of MSC-microbial interactions on MSC morphology, viability, proliferation, migration, and immunomodulatory functions was investigated. MSCs associated with a remarkable array of enteric pathogens and commensal bacteria. MSC interactions with two model organisms, the pathogen Salmonella typhimurium and the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus, were further investigated. While ST readily invaded MSCs, LB adhered to the MSC plasma membrane. Neither microbe induced MSC death, degeneration, or diminished proliferation. Microbial association did not upregulate MHC-II, CD80/86, or CD1 expression. MSC-microbial interaction significantly increased transcription of key immunomodulatory genes, including COX2, IL6, and IL8, coupled with significantly increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)6, and IL8 secretion. MSC-ST coincubation resulted in increased MSC expression of CD54, and significant augmentation of MSC inhibition of mitogen-induced T-cell proliferation. T-cell proliferation was partially restored when PGE2 secretion was blocked from ST-primed MSCs. MSC-microbe interactions have a profound effect on MSC function and may be pivotal in a variety of clinical settings where MSCs are being explored as potential therapeutics in the context of microbial communities, such as Crohn's disease, chronic nonhealing wounds, and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Kol
- 1 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California , Davis, California
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468
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Borghesi A, Cova C, Gazzolo D, Stronati M. Stem cell therapy for neonatal diseases associated with preterm birth. J Clin Neonatol 2014; 2:1-7. [PMID: 24027735 PMCID: PMC3761956 DOI: 10.4103/2249-4847.109230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the prevention and treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome with antenatal steroids and surfactant replacement allowed the survival of infants born at extremely low gestational ages. These extremely preterm infants are highly vulnerable to the detrimental effects of oxidative stress and infection, and are prone to develop lung and brain diseases that eventually evolve in severe sequelae: The so-called new bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and the noncystic, diffuse form of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Tissue simplification and developmental arrest (larger and fewer alveoli and hypomyelination in the lungs and brain, respectively) appears to be the hallmark of these emerging sequelae, while fibrosis is usually mild and contributes to a lesser extent to their pathogenesis. New data suggest that loss of stem/progenitor cell populations in the developing brain and lungs may underlie tissue simplification. These observations constitute the basis for the application of stem cell-based protocols following extremely preterm birth. Transplantation of different cell types (including, but not limited to, mesenchymal stromal cells, endothelial progenitor cells, human amnion epithelial cells) could be beneficial in preterm infants for the prevention and/or treatment of BPD, PVL and other major sequelae of prematurity. However, before this new knowledge can be translated into clinical practice, several issues still need to be addressed in preclinical in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Borghesi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Laboratory of Neonatal Immunology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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469
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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells improve vascular regeneration and reduce leukocyte-endothelium activation in critical ischemic murine skin in a dose-dependent manner. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1345-60. [PMID: 24972742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Stem cells participate in vascular regeneration following critical ischemia. However, their angiogenic and remodeling properties, as well as their role in ischemia-related endothelial leukocyte activation, need to be further elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) in a critically ischemic murine skin flap model. METHODS Groups received either 1 × 10(5), 5 × 10(5), or 1 × 10(6) BM-MSCs or cell-free conditioned medium (CM). Controls received sodium chloride. Intravital fluorescence microscopy was performed for morphological and quantitative assessment of micro-hemodynamic parameters over 12 days. RESULTS Tortuosity and diameter of conduit-arterioles were pronounced in the MSC groups (P < 0.01), whereas vasodilation was shifted to the end arteriolar level in the CM group (P < 0.01). These effects were accompanied by angiopoietin-2 expression. Functional capillary density and red blood cell velocity were enhanced in all treatment groups (P < 0.01). Although a significant reduction of rolling and sticking leukocytes was observed in the MSC groups with a reduction of diameter in postcapillary venules (P < 0.01), animals receiving CM exhibited a leukocyte-endothelium interaction similar to controls. This correlated with leukocyte common antigen expression in tissue sections (P < 0.01) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression from tissue samples. Cytokine analysis from BM-MSC culture medium revealed a 50% reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ) and chemokines (keratinocyte chemoattractant, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) under hypoxic conditions. DISCUSSION We demonstrated positive effects of BM-MSCs on vascular regeneration and modulation of endothelial leukocyte adhesion in critical ischemic skin. The improvements after MSC application were dose-dependent and superior to the use of CM alone.
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470
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Stem cells, cell therapies, and bioengineering in lung biology and diseases. Comprehensive review of the recent literature 2010-2012. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 10:S45-97. [PMID: 23869446 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201304-090aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A conference, "Stem Cells and Cell Therapies in Lung Biology and Lung Diseases," was held July 25 to 28, 2011 at the University of Vermont to review the current understanding of the role of stem and progenitor cells in lung repair after injury and to review the current status of cell therapy and ex vivo bioengineering approaches for lung diseases. These are rapidly expanding areas of study that provide further insight into and challenge traditional views of mechanisms of lung repair after injury and pathogenesis of several lung diseases. The goals of the conference were to summarize the current state of the field, to discuss and debate current controversies, and to identify future research directions and opportunities for basic and translational research in cell-based therapies for lung diseases. The goal of this article, which accompanies the formal conference report, is to provide a comprehensive review of the published literature in lung regenerative medicine from the last conference report through December 2012.
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471
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Stem cells and cell therapies in lung biology and diseases: conference report. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 10:S25-44. [PMID: 23869447 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201304-089aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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472
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Roy S, Arora S, Kumari P, Ta M. A simple and serum-free protocol for cryopreservation of human umbilical cord as source of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells. Cryobiology 2014; 68:467-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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473
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Qin D, Long T, Deng J, Zhang Y. Urine-derived stem cells for potential use in bladder repair. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:69. [PMID: 25157812 PMCID: PMC4055102 DOI: 10.1186/scrt458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered bladder tissues, created with autologous bladder cells seeded on biodegradable scaffolds, are being developed for use in patients who need cystoplasty. However, in individuals with organ damage from congenital disorders, infection, irradiation, or cancer, abnormal cells obtained by biopsy from the compromised tissue could potentially contaminate the engineered tissue. Thus, an alternative cell source for construction of the neo-organ would be useful. Although other types of stem cells have been investigated, autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are most suitable to use in bladder regeneration. These cells are often used as a cell source for bladder repair in three ways - secreting paracrine factors, recruiting resident cells, and trans-differentiation, inducing MSCs to differentiate into bladder smooth muscle cells and urothelial cells. Adult stem cell populations have been demonstrated in bone marrow, fat, muscle, hair follicles, and amniotic fluid. These cells remain an area of intense study, as their potential for therapy may be applicable to bladder disorders. Recently, we have found stem cells in the urine and the cells are highly expandable, and have self-renewal capacity and paracrine properties. As a novel cell source, urine-derived stem cells (USCs) provide advantages for cell therapy and tissue engineering applications in bladder tissue repair because they originate from the urinary tract system. Importantly, USCs can be obtained via a noninvasive, simple, and low-cost approach and induced with high efficiency to differentiate into bladder cells.
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474
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Parolini O, Souza-Moreira L, O'Valle F, Magatti M, Hernandez-Cortes P, Gonzalez-Rey E, Delgado M. Therapeutic effect of human amniotic membrane-derived cells on experimental arthritis and other inflammatory disorders. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:327-39. [PMID: 24504805 DOI: 10.1002/art.38206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease caused by loss of immunologic self tolerance and characterized by chronic joint inflammation. Cells isolated from human amniotic membrane (HAMCs) were recently found to display immunosuppressive properties. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of HAMCs on antigen-specific T cell responses in RA patients and to evaluate their therapeutic potential in a preclinical experimental model of RA. METHODS We investigated the effects of HAMCs on collagen-reactive T cell proliferation and cytokine production, on the production of mediators of inflammation by synoviocytes, and on the generation of Treg cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and synovial membrane cells isolated from RA patients. Mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were treated with HAMCs after disease onset, and clinical scores and joint levels of mediators of inflammation were evaluated. We determined Th1/Th17-mediated autoreactive responses in the mice by measuring the proliferation and the cytokine profile of lymph node cells restimulated with collagen. RESULTS Treatment with HAMCs suppressed synovial inflammatory responses and antigen-specific Th1/Th17 activation in cells isolated from RA patients. Moreover, HAMCs stimulated the generation of human CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells with a capacity to suppress collagen-specific T cell responses. Systemic infusion of HAMCs significantly reduced the incidence and severity of CIA by down-regulating the 2 deleterious components of disease: Th1-driven autoimmunity and inflammation. In mice with CIA, HAMC treatment decreased the production of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the joints, impaired antigen-specific Th1/Th17 cell expansion in the lymph nodes, and generated peripheral antigen-specific Treg cells. HAMCs also protected the mice from experimental sepsis, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune encephalomyelitis. CONCLUSION HAMCs have emerged as attractive candidates for a cell-based therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Parolini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni and Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
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475
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Gu C, Huang S, Gao D, Wu Y, Li J, Ma K, Wu X, Fu X. Angiogenic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Therapeutic Target for Enhancing Diabetic Wound Healing. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2014; 13:88-93. [PMID: 24861091 DOI: 10.1177/1534734614534977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Impaired wound-healing activity in diabetes could result from several factors, including severely damaged angiogenic responses, which can affect wound healing process to cause delayed wound repair. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to enhance wound healing via multiple effects, including promoting angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo; however, the mechanisms involved in enhancing diabetic wound healing are barely understood. This article reviews the recent literatures on MSCs treatment for promoting angiogenesis or vascularization in diabetic wounds and the potential mechanisms involved, with an emphasis on the role of paracrine soluble factors. Meanwhile, the potential benefits and related risks associated with the therapeutic use of MSCs have been presented and may lead to better understanding of the influence of MSCs without increasing potential risks. Further investigation will be required to determine the molecular basis of paracrine mechanisms and regulated angiogenesis of MSCs for its rational manipulation for impaired angiogenesis repair and diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Gu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Sha Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical College, Beijing, PR China Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, PR China Hainan Branch of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Dongyun Gao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical College, Beijing, PR China Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, PR China
| | - Jiwei Li
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kui Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical College, Beijing, PR China Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, PR China
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476
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Oh JY, Ko JH, Lee HJ, Yu JM, Choi H, Kim MK, Wee WR, Prockop DJ. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Inhibit the NLRP3 Inflammasome by Decreasing Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species. Stem Cells 2014; 32:1553-63. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Youn Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Ko
- Department of Ophthalmology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Ji Min Yu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White; Module C, Temple Texas USA
| | - Hosoon Choi
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White; Module C, Temple Texas USA
| | - Mee Kum Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Won Ryang Wee
- Department of Ophthalmology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Darwin J. Prockop
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White; Module C, Temple Texas USA
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477
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da Costa MR, Pizzatti L, Lindoso RS, Sant'Anna JF, DuRocher B, Abdelhay E, Vieyra A. Mechanisms of kidney repair by human mesenchymal stromal cells after ischemia: a comprehensive view using label-free MS(E). Proteomics 2014; 14:1480-93. [PMID: 24723500 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the more frequent and lethal pathological conditions seen in intensive care units. Currently available treatments are not totally effective but stem cell-based therapies are emerging as promising alternatives, especially the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), although the signaling pathways involved in their beneficial actions are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to identify signaling networks and key proteins involved in the repair of ischemia by MSC. Using an in vitro model of AKI to investigate paracrine interactions and label-free high definition 2D-NanoESI-MS(E) , differentially expressed proteins were identified in a human renal proximal tubule cell lineage (HK-2) exposed to human MSC (hMSC) after an ischemic insult. In silico analysis showed that hMSC stimulated antiapoptotic activity, normal ROS handling, energy production, cytoskeleton organization, protein synthesis, and cell proliferation. The proteomic data were validated by parallel experiments demonstrating reduced apoptosis in HK-2 cells and recovery of intracellular ATP levels. qRT-PCR for proteins implicated in the above processes revealed that hMSC exerted their effects by stimulating translation, not transcription. Western blotting of proteins associated with ROS and energy metabolism confirmed their higher abundance in HK-2 cells exposed to hMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene R da Costa
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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478
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Short-term follow-up of disc cell therapy in a porcine nucleotomy model with an albumin–hyaluronan hydrogel: in vivo and in vitro results of metabolic disc cell activity and implant distribution. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2014; 23:1837-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s00586-014-3314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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479
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Sempere JM, Martinez-Peinado P, Arribas MI, Reig JA, De La Sen ML, Zubcoff JJ, Fraga MF, Fernández AF, Santana A, Roche E. Single cell-derived clones from human adipose stem cells present different immunomodulatory properties. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 176:255-65. [PMID: 24666184 PMCID: PMC3992038 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells are a heterogeneous population, where cell cultures derived from single-cell-expanded clones present varying degrees of differential plasticity. This work focuses on the immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory properties of these cells. To this end, five single-cell clones were isolated (generally called 1.X and 3.X) from two volunteers. Regarding the expression level of the lineage-characteristic surface antigens, clones 1·10 and 1·22 expressed the lowest amounts, while clones 3·10 and 3·5 expressed more CD105 than the rest and clone 1·7 expressed higher amounts of CD73 and CD44. Regarding cytokine secretion, all clones were capable of spontaneously releasing high levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and low to moderate levels of IL-8. These differences can be explained in part by the distinct methylation profile exhibited by the clones. Furthermore, and after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, clone 3.X produced the highest amounts of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, while clones 1·10 and 1·22 highly expressed IL-4 and IL-5. In co-culture experiments, clones 1.X are, together, more potent inhibitors than clones 3.X for proliferation of total, CD3(+) T, CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. The results of this work indicate that the adipose stem cell population is heterogeneous in cytokine production profile, and that isolation, characterization and selection of the appropriate cell clone is a more exact method for the possible treatment of different patients or pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sempere
- Immunology Division, Biotechnology Department, University of AlicanteSan Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - P Martinez-Peinado
- Immunology Division, Biotechnology Department, University of AlicanteSan Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - M I Arribas
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel HernandezElche, Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Reig
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel HernandezElche, Alicante, Spain
| | - M L De La Sen
- Immunology Division, Biotechnology Department, University of AlicanteSan Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - J J Zubcoff
- Department of Statistics, University of AlicanteSan Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - M F Fraga
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSICCantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), HUCA, University of OviedoOviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - A F Fernández
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), HUCA, University of OviedoOviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - A Santana
- Research Unit, Gran Canaria Hospital Dr Negrin and Genetic Unit, Childhood Hospital ComplexLas Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - E Roche
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel HernandezElche, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERobn (Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMajadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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480
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Yan Z, Zhuansun Y, Chen R, Li J, Ran P. Immunomodulation of mesenchymal stromal cells on regulatory T cells and its possible mechanism. Exp Cell Res 2014; 324:65-74. [PMID: 24681107 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) have both garnered abundant interests from immunologists worldwide, as both MSCs and Tregs can be considered immunosuppressive in their own right. But a little attention has been paid to the impacts of MSCs on Tregs. To clarify the effects of MSCs on Tregs, we performed the coculture systems within MSCs and Tregs. We confirmed that MSC-exposed Tregs are capable of more immunosuppressive than Tregs without coculturing with MSCs. And this augmenting suppressive capacity was accompanied with an upregulation of programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) on Tregs. Importantly, we found that cell viability of Tregs was excluded from the influences of MSCs. Finally, we showed that PD-1/B7-H1 interactions and IL-10 might be responsible for the enhanced suppressive capability of MSC-exposed Tregs. Further analysis revealed that PD-1/B7-H1 interactions were not responsible for the productions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the MSC-Treg coculture systems; in contrast, IL-10 rather than TGF-β1 played a role in the upregualtion of PD-1. Furthermore, this is the first explorative study to evaluate the immunomodulation of MSCs on the suppressive capacity of Tregs in MSC-Treg in vitro coculture setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongxun Zhuansun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Pixin Ran
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
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481
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Chung JY, Song M, Ha CW, Kim JA, Lee CH, Park YB. Comparison of articular cartilage repair with different hydrogel-human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell composites in a rat model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:39. [PMID: 24646697 PMCID: PMC4055114 DOI: 10.1186/scrt427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present work was designed to explore the feasibility and efficacy of articular cartilage repair using composites of human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) and four different hydrogels in a rat model. Methods Full-thickness articular cartilage defects were created at the trochlear groove of femur in both knees of rats. Composites of hUCB-MSCs and four different hydrogels (group A, 4% hyaluronic acid; group B, 3% alginate:30% pluronic (1:1, v/v); group C, 4% hyaluronic acid: 3% alginate: 20% pluronic (2:1:1, v/v}; and group D, 4% hyaluronic acid:3% alginate:20% pluronic;chitosan (4:1:1:2, v/v).) were then transplanted into right knee defect in each study group (five rats/group). Left knees were transplanted with corresponding hydrogels without hUCB-MSCs as controls. At 16 weeks post-transplantation, degrees of cartilage repair were evaluated macroscopically and histologically using Masson’s Trichrome, safranin-O, Sirius red staining, and type-II collagen immunostaining. Results Overall, group A with 4% hyaluronic acid hydrogel resulted in superior cartilage repair grossly and histologically and achieved a cellular arrangement and collagen organization pattern mimicking adjacent uninjured articular cartilage. Immunostaining and safranin-O staining also revealed that group A displayed the largest areas of type II collagen staining. Sirius red staining revealed that the organization pattern of collagen bundles was more similar to normal cartilage in group A. No evidence of rejection was found. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that hUCB-MSCs could be used to repair articular cartilage defects in vivo and that hyaluronic acid is an attractive hydrogel candidate for use in combination with hUCB-MSCs.
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482
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Neirinckx V, Cantinieaux D, Coste C, Rogister B, Franzen R, Wislet-Gendebien S. Concise Review: Spinal Cord Injuries: How Could Adult Mesenchymal and Neural Crest Stem Cells Take Up the Challenge? Stem Cells 2014; 32:829-43. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Neirinckx
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique appliquée (GIGA); Neurosciences Unit; Liège Belgium
| | - Dorothée Cantinieaux
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique appliquée (GIGA); Neurosciences Unit; Liège Belgium
| | - Cécile Coste
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique appliquée (GIGA); Neurosciences Unit; Liège Belgium
| | - Bernard Rogister
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique appliquée (GIGA); Neurosciences Unit; Liège Belgium
- GIGA, Development, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
- Department of Neurology; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Rachelle Franzen
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique appliquée (GIGA); Neurosciences Unit; Liège Belgium
| | - Sabine Wislet-Gendebien
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique appliquée (GIGA); Neurosciences Unit; Liège Belgium
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483
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Casado JG, Blazquez R, Jorge I, Alvarez V, Gomez-Mauricio G, Ortega-Muñoz M, Vazquez J, Sanchez-Margallo FM. Mesenchymal stem cell-coated sutures enhance collagen depositions in sutured tissues. Wound Repair Regen 2014; 22:256-64. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier G. Casado
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit; Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre Jesus Uson; Caceres Spain
| | - Rebeca Blazquez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit; Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre Jesus Uson; Caceres Spain
| | - Inmaculada Jorge
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; Madrid Spain
| | - Veronica Alvarez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit; Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre Jesus Uson; Caceres Spain
| | | | - Mariano Ortega-Muñoz
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; Madrid Spain
| | - Jesus Vazquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; Madrid Spain
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484
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Reckhenrich AK, Kirsch BM, Wahl EA, Schenck TL, Rezaeian F, Harder Y, Foehr P, Machens HG, Egaña JT. Surgical sutures filled with adipose-derived stem cells promote wound healing. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91169. [PMID: 24625821 PMCID: PMC3953386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed wound healing and scar formation are among the most frequent complications after surgical interventions. Although biodegradable surgical sutures present an excellent drug delivery opportunity, their primary function is tissue fixation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) act as trophic mediators and are successful in activating biomaterials. Here biodegradable sutures were filled with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) to provide a pro-regenerative environment at the injured site. Results showed that after filling, ASCs attach to the suture material, distribute equally throughout the filaments, and remain viable in the suture. Among a broad panel of cytokines, cell-filled sutures constantly release vascular endothelial growth factor to supernatants. Such conditioned media was evaluated in an in vitro wound healing assay and showed a significant decrease in the open wound area compared to controls. After suturing in an ex vivo wound model, cells remained in the suture and maintained their metabolic activity. Furthermore, cell-filled sutures can be cryopreserved without losing their viability. This study presents an innovative approach to equip surgical sutures with pro-regenerative features and allows the treatment and fixation of wounds in one step, therefore representing a promising tool to promote wound healing after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Katharin Reckhenrich
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bianca Manuela Kirsch
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Ann Wahl
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thilo Ludwig Schenck
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Farid Rezaeian
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Yves Harder
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Foehr
- Chair for Orthopaedics and Sport Orthopaedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Günther Machens
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - José Tomás Egaña
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
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485
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Frazier TP, McLachlan JB, Gimble JM, Tucker HA, Rowan BG. Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells induce functional CD4+CD25+FoxP3+CD127- regulatory T cells under low oxygen culture conditions. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:968-77. [PMID: 24405386 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose tissue stromal/stem cells (ASCs) are known to induce proliferation of resting T cells under ambient (21%) O2 conditions; however, ASCs exist physiologically under lower oxygen (5% O2) conditions in adipose tissue. The effects of low oxygen levels on ASC immunomodulation of T cells are unknown. In this study, we show that ASCs stimulated proliferation of naive CD4(+) T cells and the percentage of CD25(+) T cells was significantly increased under both low and ambient O2. Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) mRNA expression were significantly increased when ASCs were cocultured with CD4(+) T cells under low compared with ambient O2 conditions. The low O2-induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) exhibited functionality when added to mixed lymphocyte reactions as demonstrated by inhibition of peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, and by >300-fold increase in FoxP3 mRNA, and >2-fold increase in TGF-β mRNA expression. These results demonstrate that under physiologically relevant low O2 conditions, direct contact of human ASCs with naive CD4(+) T cells induced functional iTregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trivia P Frazier
- 1 Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana
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486
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Resveratrol as a natural anti-tumor necrosis factor-α molecule: implications to dendritic cells and their crosstalk with mesenchymal stromal cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91406. [PMID: 24614867 PMCID: PMC3948844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are promising targets for inducing tolerance in inflammatory conditions. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of the natural anti-inflammatory molecule resveratrol on human DC at phenotypic and functional levels, including their capacity to recruit mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC). Primary human monocyte-derived DC and bone marrow MSC were used. DC immunophenotyping revealed that small doses of resveratrol (10 µM) reduce cell activation in response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, significantly decreasing surface expression of CD83 and CD86. Functionally, IL-12/IL-23 secretion induced by TNF-α was significantly reduced by resveratrol, while IL-10 levels increased. Resveratrol also inhibited T cell proliferation, in response to TNF-α-stimulated DC. The underlying mechanism was investigated by Western blot and imaging flow cytometry (ImageStreamX), and likely involves impairment of nuclear translocation of the p65 NF-κB subunit. Importantly, results obtained demonstrate that DC are able to recruit MSC through extracellular matrix components, and that TNF-α impairs DC-mediated recruitment. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) produced by both cell populations were visualized by gelatin zymography. Finally, time-lapse microscopy analysis revealed a significant decrease on DC and MSC motility in co-cultures, indicating cell interaction, and TNF-α further decreased MSC motility, while resveratrol recovered it. Thus, the current study points out the potential of resveratrol as a natural anti-TNF-α drug, capable of modulating DC phenotype and function, as well as DC-mediated MSC recruitment.
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487
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Hao P, Liang Z, Piao H, Ji X, Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu R, Liu J. Conditioned medium of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells mediates protection in neurons following glutamate excitotoxicity by regulating energy metabolism and GAP-43 expression. Metab Brain Dis 2014; 29:193-205. [PMID: 24458787 PMCID: PMC3930846 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate excitotoxicity has been implicated as one of the pathological mechanisms contributing to neuronal cell death and is involved in many neurological disorders. Stem cell transplantation is a promising approach for the treatment of nervous system damage or diseases. Previous studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have important therapeutic effects in experimental animal and preclinical disease model of central nervous system pathology. However, it is not well understood whether neurogenesis of MSCs or MSC conditioned-medium (CM) containing microparticles mediates therapeutic effects. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of human adipose-derived MSCs (AMSCs) on cortical neurons using models of glutamate excitotoxicity. Following exposure to glutamate (100 μM, 15 min), cortical neurons were co-cultured with either AMSCs separated by a semiporous membrane (prohibiting direct cell-cell contact) or with AMSC-CM for 18 h. Compared to untreated control groups, AMSCs and AMSC-CM partially and similarly reduced neuronal cell damages, as indicated by reduced LDH release, a decreased number of trypan-positive cells and a decline in the number of apoptotic nuclei. Protection by CM was associated with increased GAP-43 expression and an elevated number of GAP-43-positive neurites. Furthermore, CM increased levels of ATP, NAD(+) and NADH and the ratio of NAD(+)/NADH, while preventing a glutamate-induced decline in mitochondrial membrane potential. These results demonstrate that AMSC-CM mediates direct neuroprotection by inhibiting neuronal cell damage/apoptosis, promoting nerve regeneration and repair, and restoring bioenergy following energy depletion caused by glutamate excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hao
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No.222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanhua Liang
- Department of Neuroscience, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Piao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Ji
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No.222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neuroscience, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yachen Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No.222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rutao Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No.222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No.222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011 People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People’s Republic of China
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488
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Ferris RA, Frisbie DD, McCue PM. Use of mesenchymal stem cells or autologous conditioned serum to modulate the inflammatory response to spermatozoa in mares. Theriogenology 2014; 82:36-42. [PMID: 24681213 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Current treatments for Persistent mating-induced endometritis such as uterine lavage and oxytocin therapy focus on aiding the uterus in removal of inflammatory products, but these treatments do not modulate the inciting inflammatory response. Biological treatments, such as autologous conditioned serum (ACS) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have been used in human and veterinary medicine for immunomodulation for over 10 years. The objectives of this project were to evaluate the ability of ACS or MSCs to modulate the inflammatory response to spermatozoa after breeding. Two experiments were performed with six normal mares in each study to evaluate the effects of intrauterine administration of ACS, dexamethasone, or a placebo (experiment 1), or allogeneic MSCs or a placebo (experiment 2) on the inflammatory response to spermatozoa using clinical and biochemical endpoints. Treatment with ACS and MSCs significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the number of neutrophils in the uterine lumen 6 hours after the sperm challenge. An increase (P < 0.05) in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1Ra was observed after treatment with MSCs before exposure to spermatozoa. There was no difference in IL-1Ra concentration in mares treated with ACS, dexamethasone, or a placebo. Mesenchymal stem cells and ACS were able to modulate the immune response to spermatozoa in normal mares. The effect may be due to an increase in IL-1Ra in MSCs-treated mares, but other bioactive molecules may be responsible for the decrease in neutrophils in ACS-treated mares. Autologous conditioned serum and bone-derived culture expanded MSCs were able to modulate the uterine inflammatory response to spermatozoa in normal mares. Treatment with allogeneic stem cells may be beneficial if a similar modulation in inflammatory cytokines occurs in mares affected by persistent mating-induced endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Ferris
- Equine Reproduction Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colorado USA.
| | - David D Frisbie
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Patrick M McCue
- Equine Reproduction Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colorado USA
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489
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Intravenous transplants of human adipose-derived stem cell protect the brain from traumatic brain injury-induced neurodegeneration and motor and cognitive impairments: cell graft biodistribution and soluble factors in young and aged rats. J Neurosci 2014; 34:313-26. [PMID: 24381292 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2425-13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors exhibit motor and cognitive symptoms from the primary injury that can become aggravated over time because of secondary cell death. In the present in vivo study, we examined the beneficial effects of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in a controlled cortical impact model of mild TBI using young (6 months) and aged (20 months) F344 rats. Animals were transplanted intravenously with 4 × 10(6) hADSCs (Tx), conditioned media (CM), or vehicle (unconditioned media) at 3 h after TBI. Significant amelioration of motor and cognitive functions was revealed in young, but not aged, Tx and CM groups. Fluorescent imaging in vivo and ex vivo revealed 1,1' dioactadecyl-3-3-3',3'-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide-labeled hADSCs in peripheral organs and brain after TBI. Spatiotemporal deposition of hADSCs differed between young and aged rats, most notably reduced migration to the aged spleen. Significant reduction in cortical damage and hippocampal cell loss was observed in both Tx and CM groups in young rats, whereas less neuroprotection was detected in the aged rats and mainly in the Tx group but not the CM group. CM harvested from hADSCs with silencing of either NEAT1 (nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1) or MALAT1 (metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) known to play a role in gene expression, lost the efficacy in our model. Altogether, hADSCs are promising therapeutic cells for TBI, and lncRNAs in the secretome is an important mechanism of cell therapy. Furthermore, hADSCs showed reduced efficacy in aged rats, which may in part result from decreased homing of the cells to the spleen.
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490
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Stroncek DF, Sabatino M, Ren J, England L, Kuznetsov SA, Klein HG, Robey PG. Establishing a bone marrow stromal cell transplant program at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 20:200-5. [PMID: 24368014 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2013.0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A repository of cryopreserved bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) products prepared from marrow aspirates of healthy subjects has been created and is being used to treat patients with inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, and acute graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. New methods of manufacturing BMSCs are being investigated including the use of an automated bioreactor for BMSC expansion and the replacement of fetal bovine serum with human platelet lysate as a media supplement. Efforts are also being made to identify markers that can be used to assess the potency of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Stroncek
- 1 Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
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491
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Moll G, Hult A, von Bahr L, Alm JJ, Heldring N, Hamad OA, Stenbeck-Funke L, Larsson S, Teramura Y, Roelofs H, Nilsson B, Fibbe WE, Olsson ML, Le Blanc K. Do ABO blood group antigens hamper the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells? PLoS One 2014; 9:e85040. [PMID: 24454787 PMCID: PMC3890285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation into predictors for treatment outcome is essential to improve the clinical efficacy of therapeutic multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We therefore studied the possible harmful impact of immunogenic ABO blood groups antigens – genetically governed antigenic determinants – at all given steps of MSC-therapy, from cell isolation and preparation for clinical use, to final recipient outcome. We found that clinical MSCs do not inherently express or upregulate ABO blood group antigens after inflammatory challenge or in vitro differentiation. Although antigen adsorption from standard culture supplements was minimal, MSCs adsorbed small quantities of ABO antigen from fresh human AB plasma (ABP), dependent on antigen concentration and adsorption time. Compared to cells washed in non-immunogenic human serum albumin (HSA), MSCs washed with ABP elicited stronger blood responses after exposure to blood from healthy O donors in vitro, containing high titers of ABO antibodies. Clinical evaluation of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients found only very low titers of anti-A/B agglutination in these strongly immunocompromised patients at the time of MSC treatment. Patient analysis revealed a trend for lower clinical response in blood group O recipients treated with ABP-exposed MSC products, but not with HSA-exposed products. We conclude, that clinical grade MSCs are ABO-neutral, but the ABP used for washing and infusion of MSCs can contaminate the cells with immunogenic ABO substance and should therefore be substituted by non-immunogenic HSA, particularly when cells are given to immunocompentent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Moll
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Annika Hult
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lena von Bahr
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Hematology Center, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica J. Alm
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina Heldring
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Osama A. Hamad
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Stenbeck-Funke
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Stella Larsson
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuji Teramura
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Helene Roelofs
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bo Nilsson
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Willem E. Fibbe
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin L. Olsson
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katarina Le Blanc
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Hematology Center, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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492
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Capitelli CS, Lopes CS, Alves AC, Barbiero J, Oliveira LF, da Silva VJD, Vital MABF. Opposite effects of bone marrow-derived cells transplantation in MPTP-rat model of Parkinson's disease: a comparison study of mononuclear and mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:1049-64. [PMID: 25136260 PMCID: PMC4135227 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) animal model is a useful tool to study Parkinson's disease (PD) and was used in the present study to investigate the potential beneficial as well as deleterious effects of systemic bone-marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) or mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation. MPTP administration resulted in a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and motor impairment in the open field test 24 h after surgery. Three and 7 days after receiving the lesion, the injured animals showed remaining motor impairment compared to the sham groups along with a significant loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-ir) cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The MPTP-lesioned rats treated with BMMCs immediately after lesioning exhibited motor impairment similar to the MPTP-saline group, though they presented a significantly higher loss of TH-ir cells in the SNpc compared to the MPTP-saline group. This increased loss of TH-ir cells in the SNpc was not observed when BMMC transplantation was performed 24 h after MPTP administration. In contrast, in the MPTP animals treated early with systemic BM-MSCs, no loss of TH-ir cells was observed. BMMCs and BM-MSCs previously labeled with CM-DiI cell tracker were found in brain sections of all transplanted animals. In addition, cells expressing CD45, an inflammatory white blood cell marker, were found in all brain sections analyzed and were more abundant in the MPTP-BMMC animals. In these animals, Iba1+ microglial cells showed also marked morphological changes indicating increased microglial activation. These results show that systemic BMMC transplantation did not ameliorate or prevent the lesion induced by MPTP. Instead, BMMC transplantation in MPTP-lesioned rats accelerated dopaminergic neuronal damage and induced motor impairment and immobility behavior. These findings suggest that caution should be taken when considering cell therapy using BMMCs to treat PD. However, systemic BM-MSC transplantation that reaches the injury site and prevents neuronal damage after an MPTP infusion could be considered as a potential treatment for PD during the early stage of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Salomão Lopes
- 2. Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Physiology and Molecular Biology, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angélica Cristina Alves
- 2. Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Physiology and Molecular Biology, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janaína Barbiero
- 1. Department of Pharmacology, Paraná Federal University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucas Felipe Oliveira
- 2. Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Physiology and Molecular Biology, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valdo José Dias da Silva
- 2. Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Physiology and Molecular Biology, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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493
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Chinnadurai R, Galipeau J. Defining mesenchymal stromal cells responsiveness to IFN^|^gamma; as a surrogate measure of suppressive potency. Inflamm Regen 2014. [DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.34.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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494
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Carmelo JG, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, Cabral JMS, da Silva CL. Scalable ex vivo expansion of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in microcarrier-based stirred culture systems. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1283:147-59. [PMID: 25063496 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2014_100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The clinical demand for human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) drives the need for reproducible, cost-effective, and good manufacturing practices (GMP)-compliant ex vivo expansion protocols. Bioprocess engineering strategies, namely controlled stirred bioreactor systems combined with the use of xenogeneic(xeno)-free materials, provide proper tools to develop and optimize cell manufacturing for the rapid expansion of human MSC for cellular therapies. Herein we describe a microcarrier-based stirred culture system operating under xeno-free conditions using a controlled stirred-tank bioreactor for an efficient and controlled ex vivo expansion of human MSC. This culture platform can be applied to MSC from different human sources, as well as different microcarriers and xeno-free medium formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana G Carmelo
- Department of Bioengineering and IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
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495
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Mancheño-Corvo P, Franquesa M, de la Rosa O, Ramírez C, García-Benzaquén L, Fernández V, Menta R, Beraza A, Dalemans W, Hoogduijn MJ, Lombardo E. Adipose mesenchymal stromal cell function is not affected by methotrexate and azathioprine. Biores Open Access 2013; 2:431-9. [PMID: 24380053 PMCID: PMC3869447 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2013.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Given their capacity to modulate the immune response, adipose mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (ASCs) have been used as therapeutic tools to treat chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases both in preclinical and clinical studies. Patients enrolled in such clinical trials are often concomitantly treated with immunomodulatory drugs such as methotrexate (MTX) or azathioprine (AZA). Therefore it is necessary to investigate the possible impact of these drugs on ASC function to learn if there are any interactions that would affect the therapeutic effects of either component and thus the clinical outcome of the trials. ASCs were cultured in the absence or presence of MTX or AZA and the effects on viability, proliferation, immunomodulatory properties, and immunogenic features were studied in vitro. The drugs did not affect the viability and proliferative capacity of ASCs. When the drugs and the ASCs were concomitantly used to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation, no synergistic or antagonizing inhibitory effects were found. MTX and AZA did not impair the capacity of ASCs to induce the generation of regulatory T cells in vitro. These data confirm that the immunomodulating features of ASCs are fully functional after exposure to these drugs. Interestingly, whereas MTX did not affect the capacity of natural killer (NK) cells to lyse allogeneic ASCs in vitro, AZA protected allogeneic ASCs from NK cell lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcella Franquesa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin J Hoogduijn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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496
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Corona BT, Ward CL, Baker HB, Walters TJ, Christ GJ. Implantation of in vitro tissue engineered muscle repair constructs and bladder acellular matrices partially restore in vivo skeletal muscle function in a rat model of volumetric muscle loss injury. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 20:705-15. [PMID: 24066899 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The frank loss of a large volume of skeletal muscle (i.e., volumetric muscle loss [VML]) can lead to functional debilitation and presents a significant problem to civilian and military medicine. Current clinical treatment for VML involves the use of free muscle flaps and physical rehabilitation; however, neither are effective in promoting regeneration of skeletal muscle to replace the tissue that was lost. Toward this end, skeletal muscle tissue engineering therapies have recently shown great promise in offering an unprecedented treatment option for VML. In the current study, we further extend our recent progress (Machingal et al., 2011, Tissue Eng; Corona et al., 2012, Tissue Eng) in the development of tissue engineered muscle repair (TEMR) constructs (i.e., muscle-derived cells [MDCs] seeded on a bladder acellular matrix (BAM) preconditioned with uniaxial mechanical strain) for the treatment of VML. TEMR constructs were implanted into a VML defect in a tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of Lewis rats and observed up to 12 weeks postinjury. The salient findings of the study were (1) TEMR constructs exhibited a highly variable capacity to restore in vivo function of injured TA muscles, wherein TEMR-positive responders (n=6) promoted an ≈61% improvement, but negative responders (n=7) resulted in no improvement compared to nonrepaired controls, (2) TEMR-positive and -negative responders exhibited differential immune responses that may underlie these variant responses, (3) BAM scaffolds (n=7) without cells promoted an ≈26% functional improvement compared to uninjured muscles, (4) TEMR-positive responders promoted muscle fiber regeneration within the initial defect area, while BAM scaffolds did so only sparingly. These findings indicate that TEMR constructs can improve the in vivo functional capacity of the injured musculature at least, in part, by promoting generation of functional skeletal muscle fibers. In short, the degree of functional recovery observed following TEMR implantation (BAM+MDCs) was 2.3×-fold greater than that observed following implantation of BAM alone. As such, this finding further underscores the potential benefits of including a cellular component in the tissue engineering strategy for VML injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Corona
- 1 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center , Winston Salem, North Carolina
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497
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Lin LM, Ricucci D, Huang GTJ. Regeneration of the dentine-pulp complex with revitalization/revascularization therapy: challenges and hopes. Int Endod J 2013; 47:713-24. [PMID: 24330275 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The concept of regenerative endodontics has gained much attention in clinical endodontics in the past decade. One aspect of this discipline is the application of revitalization/revascularization therapies for infected and/or necrotic immature pulps in permanent teeth. Following the publication of a case report (Iwaya et al. ), investigators have been rigorously examining the types of tissues formed in the canals as well as exploring strategies to regenerate the pulp-dentine complex in revitalized teeth. This review will provide an update on the types of tissues generated in the canals after revitalization/revascularization therapy in both animal and human studies. The understanding of the role of stem cells and microenvironment in the process of wound healing resulting in either regeneration or repair will be thoroughly discussed. Stem cells and microenvironmental cues introduced into the canal during revitalization/revascularization procedures will be examined. In addition, requirement of a sterile microenvironment in the canal and vital tissue generation in revitalization/revascularization therapy will be emphasized. The challenges that we face and the hopes that we have in revitalization/revascularization therapy for regenerative endodontics will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Lin
- Department of Endodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
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498
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Tropism of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus to mesenchymal stem cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81805. [PMID: 24339969 PMCID: PMC3858287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of abnormal hematologic findings such as lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia were diagnosed in severe cases of avian influenza A H5N1. Whether direct viral dissemination to bone marrow (BM) cells causes this phenomenon remains elusive. We explore the susceptibility of the two stem cell types; hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from human BM cells or cord blood, to infection with avian H5N1 viruses. For the first time, we demonstrated that the H5N1 virus could productively infect and induce cell death in both human stem cell types. In contrast, these activities were not observed upon human influenza virus infection. We also determined whether infection affects the immunomodulatory function of MSCs. We noted a consequent dysregulation of MSC-mediated immune modulation as observed by high cytokine and chemokine production in H5N1 infected MSCs and monocytes cocultures. These findings provide a better understanding of H5N1 pathogenesis in terms of broad tissue tropism and systemic spread.
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499
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Zaniboni A, Bernardini C, Alessandri M, Mangano C, Zannoni A, Bianchi F, Sarli G, Calzà L, Bacci ML, Forni M. Cells derived from porcine aorta tunica media show mesenchymal stromal-like cell properties in in vitro culture. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 306:C322-33. [PMID: 24304832 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00112.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have already described the presence of specialized niches of precursor cells in vasculature wall, and it has been shown that these populations share several features with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Considering the relevance of MSCs in the cardiovascular physiopathology and regenerative medicine, and the usefulness of the pig animal model in this field, we reported a new method for MSC-like cell isolation from pig aorta. Filling the vessel with a collagenase solution for 40 min, all endothelial cells were detached and discarded and then collagenase treatment was repeated for 4 h to digest approximately one-third of the tunica media. The ability of our method to select a population of MSC-like cells from tunica media could be ascribed in part to the elimination of contaminant cells from the intimal layer and in part to the overnight culture in the high antibiotic/antimycotic condition and to the starvation step. Aortic-derived cells show an elongated, spindle shape, fibroblast-like morphology, as reported for MSCs, stain positively for CD44, CD56, CD90, and CD105; stain negatively for CD34 and CD45; and express CD73 mRNA. Moreover, these cells show the classical mesenchymal trilineage differentiation potential. Under our in vitro culture conditions, aortic-derived cells share some phenotypical features with pericytes and are able to take part in the formation of network-like structures if cocultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In conclusion, our work reports a simple and highly suitable method for obtaining large numbers of precursor MSC-like cells derived from the porcine aortic wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zaniboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences-DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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500
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Enderling H. Unveiling stem cell kinetics: prime time for integrating experimental and computational models. Front Oncol 2013; 3:291. [PMID: 24350056 PMCID: PMC3842622 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Enderling
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute , Tampa, FL , USA
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