501
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Qiu Y, Tian C, Massignan L, Rogge T, Ackermann L. Electrooxidative Ruthenium-Catalyzed C−H/O−H Annulation by Weak O
-Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5818-5822. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youai Qiu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Cong Tian
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Torben Rogge
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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502
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Li J, Huang W, Chen J, He L, Cheng X, Li G. Electrochemical Aziridination by Alkene Activation Using a Sulfamate as the Nitrogen Source. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wenhao Huang
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jingzhi Chen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Lingfeng He
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX USA
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503
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Tao XZ, Dai JJ, Zhou J, Xu J, Xu HJ. Electrochemical C−O Bond Formation: Facile Access to Aromatic Lactones. Chemistry 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhang Tao
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Dai
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 P.R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 P.R. China
| | - Hua-Jian Xu
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 P.R. China
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504
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Li J, Huang W, Chen J, He L, Cheng X, Li G. Electrochemical Aziridination by Alkene Activation Using a Sulfamate as the Nitrogen Source. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5695-5698. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wenhao Huang
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jingzhi Chen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Lingfeng He
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX USA
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505
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Möhle S, Zirbes M, Rodrigo E, Gieshoff T, Wiebe A, Waldvogel SR. Moderne Aspekte der Elektrochemie zur Synthese hochwertiger organischer Produkte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Möhle
- Institut für Organische Chemie Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Michael Zirbes
- Institut für Organische Chemie Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Eduardo Rodrigo
- Institut für Organische Chemie Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Tile Gieshoff
- Institut für Organische Chemie Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Anton Wiebe
- Institut für Organische Chemie Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Max Planck Graduate Center Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Max Planck Graduate Center Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
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506
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Khenkin AM, Somekh M, Carmieli R, Neumann R. Electrochemical Hydroxylation of Arenes Catalyzed by a Keggin Polyoxometalate with a Cobalt(IV) Heteroatom. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Khenkin
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Miriam Somekh
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemical Research Support; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Ronny Neumann
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
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507
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Khenkin AM, Somekh M, Carmieli R, Neumann R. Electrochemical Hydroxylation of Arenes Catalyzed by a Keggin Polyoxometalate with a Cobalt(IV) Heteroatom. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [PMID: 29537140 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable, selective direct hydroxylation of arenes, such as benzene to phenol, is an important research challenge. An electrocatalytic transformation using formic acid to oxidize benzene and its halogenated derivatives to selectively yield aryl formates, which are easily hydrolyzed by water to yield the corresponding phenols, is presented. The formylation reaction occurs on a Pt anode in the presence of [CoIII W12 O40 ]5- as a catalyst and lithium formate as an electrolyte via formation of a formyloxyl radical as the reactive species, which was trapped by a BMPO spin trap and identified by EPR. Hydrogen was formed at the Pt cathode. The sum transformation is ArH+H2 O→ArOH+H2 . Non-optimized reaction conditions showed a Faradaic efficiency of 75 % and selective formation of the mono-oxidized product in a 35 % yield. Decomposition of formic acid into CO2 and H2 is a side-reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Khenkin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Miriam Somekh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Ronny Neumann
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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508
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Yan M, Kawamata Y, Baran PS. Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry: Calling All Engineers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4149-4155. [PMID: 28834012 PMCID: PMC5823775 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Unmet potential: Electrochemistry is the most simple and basic way of altering the redox-states of organic molecules. Despite extensive studies and its demonstrated promise, it has yet to take off in mainstream synthesis. The reason is due to engineering challenges in instrument design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA)
| | - Yu Kawamata
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA)
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA)
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509
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López-López EE, Pérez-Bautista JA, Sartillo-Piscil F, Frontana-Uribe BA. Electrochemical Corey-Winter reaction. Reduction of thiocarbonates in aqueous methanol media and application to the synthesis of a naturally occurring α-pyrone. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:547-552. [PMID: 29623116 PMCID: PMC5852465 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An electrochemical version of the Corey-Winter reaction was developed giving excellent results in aqueous methanol media (MeOH/H2O (80:20) with AcOH/AcONa buffer 0.5 M as supporting electrolyte), using a reticulated vitreous carbon as cathode in a divided cell. The electrochemical version is much more environmentally friendly than the classical reaction, where a large excess of trialkyl phosphite as reducing agent and high temperatures are required. Thus, cathodic reduction at room temperature of two cyclic thiocarbonates (-1.2 to -1.4 V vs Ag/AgCl) afforded the corresponding alkenes, trans-6-(pent-1-enyl)-α-pyrone and trans-6-(pent-1,4-dienyl)-α-pyrone, which are naturally occurring metabolites isolated from Trichoderma viride and Penicillium, in high chemical yield and with excellent stereo selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Emmanuel López-López
- Centro Conjunto de Investigaciones en Química Sustentable UAEMéx-UNAM, Km 14.5 Carretera Toluca Atlacomulco San Cayetano-Toluca, 50200 Estado de México, México
| | - José Alvano Pérez-Bautista
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
| | - Fernando Sartillo-Piscil
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
| | - Bernardo A Frontana-Uribe
- Centro Conjunto de Investigaciones en Química Sustentable UAEMéx-UNAM, Km 14.5 Carretera Toluca Atlacomulco San Cayetano-Toluca, 50200 Estado de México, México.,Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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510
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Buckingham MA, Cunningham W, Bull SD, Buchard A, Folli A, Murphy DM, Marken F. Electrochemically Driven C−H Hydrogen Abstraction Processes with the Tetrachloro-Phthalimido-N-Oxyl (Cl4
PINO) Catalyst. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Buckingham
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath, Claverton Down; Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - William Cunningham
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath, Claverton Down; Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Steven D. Bull
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath, Claverton Down; Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath, Claverton Down; Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Andrea Folli
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | | | - Frank Marken
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath, Claverton Down; Bath BA2 7AY UK
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511
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Shimizu R, Okada Y, Chiba K. Stepwise radical cation Diels-Alder reaction via multiple pathways. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:704-708. [PMID: 29719568 PMCID: PMC5905251 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we disclose the radical cation Diels–Alder reaction of aryl vinyl ethers by electrocatalysis, which is triggered by an oxidative SET process. The reaction clearly proceeds in a stepwise fashion, which is a rare mechanism in this class. We also found that two distinctive pathways, including “direct” and “indirect”, are possible to construct the Diels–Alder adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Shimizu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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512
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Tang S, Wang S, Liu Y, Cong H, Lei A. Electrochemical Oxidative C-H Amination of Phenols: Access to Triarylamine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4737-4741. [PMID: 29498166 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrogenative C-H/N-H cross-coupling serves as one of the most straightforward and atom-economical approaches for C-N bond formation. In this work, an electrochemical reaction protocol has been developed for the oxidative C-H amination of unprotected phenols under undivided electrolytic conditions. Neither metal catalysts nor chemical oxidants are needed to facilitate the dehydrogenation process. A series of triarylamine derivatives could be obtained with good functional-group tolerance. The electrolysis is scalable and can be performed at ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yichang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Hengjiang Cong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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513
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Tang S, Wang S, Liu Y, Cong H, Lei A. Electrochemical Oxidative C−H Amination of Phenols: Access to Triarylamine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS); Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS); Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Yichang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS); Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Hengjiang Cong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS); Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS); Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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514
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Sauermann N, Mei R, Ackermann L. Electrochemical C−H Amination by Cobalt Catalysis in a Renewable Solvent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Sauermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Ruhuai Mei
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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515
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Electrochemical C−H Amination by Cobalt Catalysis in a Renewable Solvent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5090-5094. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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516
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Lin DZ, Huang JM. Electrochemical N-Formylation of Amines via Decarboxylation of Glyoxylic Acid. Org Lett 2018; 20:2112-2115. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Zhao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jing-Mei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
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517
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Imada Y, Okada Y, Chiba K. Investigating radical cation chain processes in the electrocatalytic Diels-Alder reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:642-647. [PMID: 29623126 PMCID: PMC5870144 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Single electron transfer (SET)-triggered radical ion-based reactions have proven to be powerful options in synthetic organic chemistry. Although unique chain processes have been proposed in various photo- and electrochemical radical ion-based transformations, the turnover number, also referred to as catalytic efficiency, remains unclear in most cases. Herein, we disclose our investigations of radical cation chain processes in the electrocatalytic Diels-Alder reaction, leading to a scalable synthesis. A gram-scale synthesis was achieved with high current efficiency of up to 8000%. The reaction monitoring profiles showed sigmoidal curves with induction periods, suggesting the involvement of intermediate(s) in the rate determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Imada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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518
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Luo MH, Jiang YY, Xu K, Liu YG, Sun BG, Zeng CC. Functionalization of N-arylglycine esters: electrocatalytic access to C-C bonds mediated by n-Bu 4NI. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018. [PMID: 29520311 PMCID: PMC5827798 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient electrocatalytic functionalization of N-arylglycine esters is reported. The protocol proceeds in an undivided cell under constant current conditions employing the simple, cheap and readily available n-Bu4NI as the mediator. In addition, it is demonstrated that the mediated process is superior to the direct electrochemical functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yang-Ye Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yong-Guo Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bao-Guo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Cheng-Chu Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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519
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Xu F, Li YJ, Huang C, Xu HC. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Electrochemical Dehydrogenative Alkyne Annulation. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Chong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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520
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Wiebe A, Gieshoff T, Möhle S, Rodrigo E, Zirbes M, Waldvogel SR. Elektrifizierung der organischen Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Wiebe
- Max Planck Graduate Center; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Tile Gieshoff
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Sabine Möhle
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Eduardo Rodrigo
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Michael Zirbes
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Max Planck Graduate Center; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
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521
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Ahmed N, Khatoon S, Shirinfar B. Radical Diazidation of Alkenes: Cu/Fe/Mn Catalysis and Electrochemical Support. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Ahmed
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place, main building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Saira Khatoon
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place, main building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Bahareh Shirinfar
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol, Cantock's Close; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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522
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Ma C, Zhao CQ, Li YQ, Zhang LP, Xu XT, Zhang K, Mei TS. Palladium-catalyzed C-H activation/C-C cross-coupling reactions via electrochemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:12189-12192. [PMID: 29067362 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07429h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed C-H activation/C-C cross-coupling reactions typically require stoichiometric chemical oxidants and exogenous ligands. However, there are significant disadvantages associated with the use of traditional stoichiometric oxidants. To overcome these issues, we have developed an electrochemical strategy to achieve methylation and acylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.
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523
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Moeller KD. Using Physical Organic Chemistry To Shape the Course of Electrochemical Reactions. Chem Rev 2018; 118:4817-4833. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D. Moeller
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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524
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525
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Zhang L, Zhang Z, Hong J, Yu J, Zhang J, Mo F. Oxidant-Free C(sp 2)-H Functionalization/C-O Bond Formation: A Kolbe Oxidative Cyclization Process. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3200-3207. [PMID: 29471627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An anodic oxidation/cyclization of 2-arylbenzoic acids for the synthesis of dibenzopyranones has been developed. The reaction proceeds at room temperature with no oxidant or electrolyte required and exhibits a high atom economy with H2 being the only byproduct. A series of dibenzopyranones was obtained in good to excellent yields. Urolithins A, B, and C are formally synthesized by adopting this method as a key step to demonstrate its synthetic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Junting Hong
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Fanyang Mo
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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526
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Yang QL, Fang P, Mei TS. Recent Advances in Organic Electrochemical C-H Functionalization. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201700740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu; Shanghai 200032 China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu; Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu; Shanghai 200032 China
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527
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Dahms B, Franke R, Waldvogel SR. Metal- and Reagent-Free Anodic Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling of Naphthylamines with Phenols. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Dahms
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Robert Franke
- Evonik Performance Materials GmbH; Paul-Baumann-Straße 1 45772 Marl Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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528
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Li H, Breen CP, Seo H, Jamison TF, Fang YQ, Bio MM. Ni-Catalyzed Electrochemical Decarboxylative C-C Couplings in Batch and Continuous Flow. Org Lett 2018; 20:1338-1341. [PMID: 29431449 PMCID: PMC5838802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemically driven, nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of N-hydroxyphthalimide esters with aryl halides is reported. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions in a divided electrochemical cell and employs a tertiary amine as the reductant. This decarboxylative C(sp3)-C(sp2) bond-forming transformation exhibits excellent substrate generality and functional group compatibility. An operationally simple continuous-flow version of this transformation using a commercial electrochemical flow reactor represents a robust and scalable synthesis of value added coupling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Snapdragon Chemistry Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Christopher P Breen
- Snapdragon Chemistry Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hyowon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy F Jamison
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yuan-Qing Fang
- Snapdragon Chemistry Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Matthew M Bio
- Snapdragon Chemistry Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
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529
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Xiong P, Xu HH, Song J, Xu HC. Electrochemical Difluoromethylarylation of Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2460-2464. [PMID: 29406700 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented radical difluoromethylarylation reaction of alkynes has been developed by discovering a new difluoromethylation reagent, CF2HSO2NHNHBoc. This air-stable and solid reagent can be prepared in one step from commercially available reagents CF2HSO2Cl and NH2NHBoc. The CF2H radical, generated through ferrocene-mediated electrochemical oxidation, participates in an unexplored alkyne addition reaction followed by a challenging 7-membered ring-forming homolytic aromatic substitution step to afford fluorinated dibenzazepines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Huan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshuai Song
- Fujian Institute of Research on Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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530
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Li L, Luo S. Electrochemical Generation of Diaza-oxyallyl Cation for Cycloaddition in an All-Green Electrolytic System. Org Lett 2018; 20:1324-1327. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Longji Li
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sanzhong Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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531
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Beil SB, Müller T, Sillart SB, Franzmann P, Bomm A, Holtkamp M, Karst U, Schade W, Waldvogel SR. Aktive Anode auf Molybdänbasis für dehydrierende Kupplungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian B. Beil
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- MAterial Science IN MainZ (MAINZ); Exzellenzgraduiertenschule; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Timo Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Sydney B. Sillart
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Peter Franzmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Alexander Bomm
- Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institut; Abteilung Faseroptische Sensorsysteme; Am Stollen 19H 38640 Goslar Deutschland
| | - Michael Holtkamp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Wolfgang Schade
- Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institut; Abteilung Faseroptische Sensorsysteme; Am Stollen 19H 38640 Goslar Deutschland
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- MAterial Science IN MainZ (MAINZ); Exzellenzgraduiertenschule; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
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532
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Beil SB, Müller T, Sillart SB, Franzmann P, Bomm A, Holtkamp M, Karst U, Schade W, Waldvogel SR. Active Molybdenum-Based Anode for Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2450-2454. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian B. Beil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Material Science in Mainz (MAINZ); Graduate School of Excellence; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Timo Müller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Sydney B. Sillart
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Peter Franzmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Alexander Bomm
- Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institut; Abteilung Faseroptische Sensorsysteme; Am Stollen 19H 38640 Goslar Germany
| | - Michael Holtkamp
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Münster; Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Münster; Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schade
- Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institut; Abteilung Faseroptische Sensorsysteme; Am Stollen 19H 38640 Goslar Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Material Science in Mainz (MAINZ); Graduate School of Excellence; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Germany
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533
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Funes-Ardoiz
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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534
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Tian C, Massignan L, Meyer TH, Ackermann L. Electrochemical C-H/N-H Activation by Water-Tolerant Cobalt Catalysis at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2383-2387. [PMID: 29316187 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemistry enabled C-H/N-H functionalizations at room temperature by external oxidant-free cobalt catalysis. Thus, the sustainable cobalt electrocatalysis manifold proceeds with excellent levels of chemoselectivity and positional selectivity, and with ample scope, thus allowing electrochemical C-H activation under exceedingly mild reaction conditions at room temperature in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Tian
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tjark H Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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535
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Wu Y, Yi H, Lei A. Electrochemical Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles Utilizing TEMPO as Organo-Electrocatalyst. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b04137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Institute
for Advanced Studies, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yi
- Institute
for Advanced Studies, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- Institute
for Advanced Studies, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P. R. China
- National
Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi P. R. China
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536
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Tian C, Massignan L, Meyer TH, Ackermann L. Electrochemical C−H/N−H Activation by Water-Tolerant Cobalt Catalysis at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Tian
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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537
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Lennox AJJ, Nutting JE, Stahl SS. Selective electrochemical generation of benzylic radicals enabled by ferrocene-based electron-transfer mediators. Chem Sci 2018; 9:356-361. [PMID: 29732109 PMCID: PMC5909123 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04032f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation and intermolecular functionalisation of carbon-centred radicals has broad potential synthetic utility. Herein, we show that benzylic radicals may be generated electrochemically from benzylboronate derivatives at low electrode potentials (ca. -0.3 V vs. Cp2Fe0/+) via single electron oxidation. Use of a catalytic quantity of a ferrocene-based electron-transfer mediator is crucial to achieve successful radical functionalisation and avoid undesirable side reactions arising from direct electrochemical oxidation or from the use of stoichiometric ferrocenium-based oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair J J Lennox
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , USA .
| | - Jordan E Nutting
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , USA .
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , USA .
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538
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Luo J, Hu B, Sam A, Liu TL. Metal-Free Electrocatalytic Aerobic Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids. Org Lett 2018; 20:361-364. [PMID: 29319321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxylation of arylboronic acids to aryl alcohols was realized by a scalable electrocatalytic method. The present electrochemical hydroxylation employs low-cost methyl viologen as an organic cathodic electrocatalyst and involves O2 as a green and sustainable reactant. The electrochemical kinetic studies shown here can be a powerful tool to gain rich mechanistic and kinetic information and thus an in-depth understanding of the electrocatalytic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Luo
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University , Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Bo Hu
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University , Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Alyssa Sam
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University , Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - T Leo Liu
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University , Logan, Utah 84322, United States
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539
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Shrestha A, Lee M, Dunn AL, Sanford MS. Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Bond Acetoxylation via Electrochemical Oxidation. Org Lett 2018; 20:204-207. [PMID: 29272130 PMCID: PMC5772685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe the development of a method for the Pd-catalyzed electrochemical acetoxylation of C-H bonds. The oxidation step of the catalytic cycle is probed through cyclic voltammetry and bulk electrolysis studies of a preformed palladacycle of 8-methylquinoline. A catalytic system for C-H acetoxylation is then developed and optimized with respect to the cell configuration, rate of oxidation, and chemistry at the counter electrode. This transformation is then applied to substrates containing various directing groups and to the acetoxylation of both C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuska Shrestha
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melissa Lee
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Anna L. Dunn
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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540
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Liu K, Song C, Lei A. Recent advances in iodine mediated electrochemical oxidative cross-coupling. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2375-2387. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00063h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review article gives an overview of the recent development of iodine mediated electrochemical oxidative coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS)
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Chunlan Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS)
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS)
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
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541
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Luo X, Ma X, Lebreux F, Markó IE, Lam K. Electrochemical methoxymethylation of alcohols – a new, green and safe approach for the preparation of MOM ethers and other acetals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9969-9972. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05843a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical methodology was developed for preparing MOM ethers under safe, inexpensive and scalable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Luo
- Université Catholique de Louvain
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
- Bâtiment Lavoisier
- B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- Université Catholique de Louvain
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
- Bâtiment Lavoisier
- B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Frédéric Lebreux
- Université Catholique de Louvain
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
- Bâtiment Lavoisier
- B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - István E. Markó
- Université Catholique de Louvain
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
- Bâtiment Lavoisier
- B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Kevin Lam
- Department of Pharmaceutical
- Chemical and Environmental Sciences
- Faculty of Engineering and Science
- University of Greenwich
- UK
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542
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Sharafi-Kolkeshvandi M, Nematollahi D, Pouladi F, Patoghi P. Electrochemical synthesis of some 2-aminobenzofuran-3-carbonitrile and 2-aminobenzofuran-3-carboxylate derivatives: product diversity by changing the applied current density. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02486c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Green syntheses of two different series of new benzofuran derivatives were carried out by anodic oxidation of 4,4′-biphenol (4BP) in the presence of some CH-acid compounds (malononitrile, methyl cyanoacetate and ethyl cyanoacetate) as nucleophiles by controlling the potential during electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pouria Patoghi
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bu-Ali-Sina University
- Hamedan 65174
- Iran
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543
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Long H, Song J, Xu HC. Electrochemical synthesis of 7-membered carbocycles through cascade 5-exo-trig/7-endo-trig radical cyclization. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00803e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical synthesis of functionalized 7-membered carbocycles through a 5-exo-trig/7-endo-trig radical cyclization cascade has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Jinshuai Song
- Fujian Institute of Research on Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- P. R. China
| | - Hai-Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
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544
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Electrochemical Oxidative Cross-coupling with Hydrogen Evolution: A Green and Sustainable Way for Bond Formation. Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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545
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Jiao KJ, Li ZM, Xu XT, Zhang LP, Li YQ, Zhang K, Mei TS. Palladium-catalyzed reductive electrocarboxylation of allyl esters with carbon dioxide. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00507a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed regioselective electrocarboxylation of homostyrenyl acetates with CO2 has been successfully developed, providing α-aryl carboxylic acids with good selectivity and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhao-Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
| | - Li-Pu Zhang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
| | - Yi-Qian Li
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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546
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Rafiee M, Wang F, Hruszkewycz DP, Stahl SS. N-Hydroxyphthalimide-Mediated Electrochemical Iodination of Methylarenes and Comparison to Electron-Transfer-Initiated C-H Functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 140:22-25. [PMID: 29220181 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical method has been developed for selective benzylic iodination of methylarenes. The reactions feature the first use of N-hydroxyphthalimide as an electrochemical mediator for C-H oxidation to nonoxygenated products. The method provides the basis for direct (in situ) or sequential benzylation of diverse nucleophiles using methylarenes as the alkylating agent. The hydrogen-atom transfer mechanism for C-H iodination allows C-H oxidation to proceed with minimal dependence on the substrate electronic properties and at electrode potentials 0.5-1.2 V lower than that of direct electrochemical C-H oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Damian P Hruszkewycz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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547
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Abstract
Here we report an electrochemically switchable reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (eRAFT). A new family of biochemical coenzymes are discovered that can be used as highly efficient electroredox catalysts to mediate this polymerization. The oxidation of coenzyme, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), can promote the reduction of a chain transfer agent, triggering generation and propagation of polymer radicals. External potential can activate the reduction of the NAD+ oxidized state and pause the propagation. Tuning the applied potential to reversibly switch the catalyst between its reduced and oxidized states can toggle the polymerization between ON and OFF states. This new strategy is universal to a broad scope of monomers, and ppm-level coenzymes result in the desirable polymer structures with targeted molecular weight, dispersity, and excellent chain-end fidelity. We envisage that the bioorganic-based catalysts would open new directions of organocatalyzed electro-controlled polymerization and be of value in electrocatalysis for well-structured polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering
of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Miaomiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering
of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering
of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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548
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Okada Y, Chiba K. Redox-Tag Processes: Intramolecular Electron Transfer and Its Broad Relationship to Redox Reactions in General. Chem Rev 2017; 118:4592-4630. [PMID: 29218989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Explosive growth in the use of open shell reactivity, including neutral radicals and radical ions, in the field of synthetic organic chemistry has been observed in the past decade, particularly since the advent of ruthenium complexes in 2008. These complexes generally induce single-electron transfer (SET) processes via visible-light absorption. Additionally, recent significant advancements in organic electrochemistry involving SET processes to provide open shell reactivity offer a complementary method to traditional polarity-driven reactions described by two-electron transfer processes. In this Review, we highlight the importance of intramolecular SET processes in the field of synthetic organic chemistry, which seem to be more elusive than the intermolecular versions, since they are net redox-neutral and thus cannot simply be regarded as oxidations or reductions. Such intramolecular SET processes can rationally be understood in combination with concomitant bond formations and/or cleavages, and are regulated by a structural motif that we call a "redox tag." In order to describe modern radical-driven reactions involving SET processes, we focus on a classical formalism in which electrons are treated as particles rather than waves, which offers a practical yet powerful approach to explain and/or predict synthetic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Okada
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 2-24-16 Naka-cho , Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588 , Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Applied Biological Science , Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho , Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 , Japan
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549
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Zhang S, Li L, Wang H, Li Q, Liu W, Xu K, Zeng C. Scalable Electrochemical Dehydrogenative Lactonization of C(sp2/sp3)–H Bonds. Org Lett 2017; 20:252-255. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Lijun Li
- College
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Huiqiao Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Qian Li
- College
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Wenmin Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Kun Xu
- College
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Chengchu Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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550
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Folgueiras-Amador AA, Qian XY, Xu HC, Wirth T. Catalyst- and Supporting-Electrolyte-Free Electrosynthesis of Benzothiazoles and Thiazolopyridines in Continuous Flow. Chemistry 2017; 24:487-491. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiang-Yang Qian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Hai-Chao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place, Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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