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Wei X, Chen Y, Qin J, Yang Y, Yang T, Yan F, Zhang Z, Han L, Ma Y. Factors associated with the intrinsic capacity in older adults: A scoping review. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:1739-1750. [PMID: 38345142 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2015, the term 'intrinsic capacity' (IC) was proposed by the World Health Organisation to promote healthy aging. However, the factors associated with IC are still discrepant and uncertain. AIM We aim to synthesise the factors connected with IC. METHODS This scoping review followed the five-stage framework of Arksey and O'Malley and was reported using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. RESULTS In all, 29 articles were included. IC of older adults is associated with demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, disease conditions, behavioural factors, and biomarkers. Age, sex, marital status, occupation status, education, income/wealth, chronic diseases, hypertension, diabetes, disability, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were emerged as important factors related to the IC of older adults. CONCLUSIONS This review shows that IC is related to multiple factors. Understanding these factors can provide the healthcare personnel with the theoretical basis for intervening and managing IC in older adults. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The influencing factors identified in the review help to guide older adults to maintain their own intrinsic capacity, thereby promoting their health and well-being. The modifiable factors also provide evidence for healthcare personnel to develop targeted intervention strategies to delay IC decline. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION As this is a scoping review, no patient or public contributions are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wei
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yajing Chen
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jiangxia Qin
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yiyi Yang
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fanghong Yan
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ziyao Zhang
- Lanzhou University of Arts and Science, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lin Han
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Nursing Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Cerutti L, Brofiga M. Unraveling brain diseases: The promise of brain-on-a-chip models. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 405:110105. [PMID: 38460796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Brain disorders, encompassing a wide spectrum of neurological and psychiatric conditions, present a formidable challenge in modern medicine. Despite decades of research, the intricate complexity of the human brain still eludes comprehensive understanding, impeding the development of effective treatments. Recent advancements in microfluidics and tissue engineering have led to the development of innovative platforms known as "Brain-on-a-Chip" (BoC) i.e., advanced in vitro systems that aim to replicate the microenvironment of the brain with the highest possible fidelity. This technology offers a promising test-bed for studying brain disorders at the cellular and network levels, providing insights into disease mechanisms, drug screening, and, in perspective, the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. In this review, we provide an overview of the BoC models developed over the years to model and understand the onset and progression of some of the most severe neurological disorders in terms of incidence and debilitation (stroke, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and epilepsy). We also report some of the cutting-edge therapeutic approaches whose effects were evaluated by means of these technologies. Finally, we discuss potential challenges, and future perspectives of the BoC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Cerutti
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and Systems Engineering (DIBIRS), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Brofiga
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and Systems Engineering (DIBIRS), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; ScreenNeuroPharm s.r.l, Sanremo, Italy; Neurofacility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
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Wang J, Vordenbäumen S, Schneider M, Brinks R. Population-based epidemiological projections of rheumatoid arthritis in Germany until 2040. Scand J Rheumatol 2024; 53:161-172. [PMID: 38358097 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2024.2312693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to conduct a population-based projection to estimate the number of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cases in Germany until 2040. METHOD Data obtained from a report published in 2017 (doi:10.20364/VA-17.08) were used for future prediction analysis. The data were originally collected by the German Central Institute for Statutory Health Insurance. We used the illness-death model to estimate future numbers of RA cases, considering nine possible scenarios based on different incidence and mortality rates. RESULTS In the baseline scenario, the number of women with RA is projected to increase by 417 000 cases and men by 179 000 cases by 2040, compared with 2015. Peak numbers of cases are concentrated in the 70-80-year-old age group, particularly among women. In the most favourable scenario (scenario 2), assuming a decreasing incidence, the total number of RA cases is projected to rise by 284 000 by 2040, reflecting a 38% relative increase from 2015 to 2040. The least favourable scenario (scenario 9), assuming an increasing incidence, projects a significant burden on the healthcare system. The total number of RA cases is expected to rise by 1.16 million by 2040, marking a substantial 158% relative increase from 2015 to 2040. CONCLUSIONS Our research emphasizes a discernible trend: with an ageing society, improving treatment effectiveness, and declining all-cause mortality, we anticipate a rise in the absolute numbers of RA cases in Germany in the coming years. Our models robustly support this viewpoint, underscoring impending challenges for healthcare systems. Addressing these challenges demands multifaceted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Institute of Biometry and Epidemiology, The German Diabetes Center, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Vordenbäumen
- Department of Rheumatology, St. Elisabeth-Hospital Meerbusch-Lank, Meerbusch, Germany
- Hiller Research Center, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Schneider
- Hiller Research Center, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R Brinks
- Chair for Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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Liu A, Zhuang Z, Li J, Wang Q, Liu S, Fang H, Huang T, Zhou M. Burden and trend of dietary risk-related colorectal cancer in China and its provinces: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Public Health 2024; 230:21-28. [PMID: 38484622 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the spatial pattern and temporal trend of colorectal cancer (CRC) burden attributed to dietary risk factors in China from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors study (GBD) 2019. METHODS Numbers and age-standardised rates of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and corresponding average annual percentage change (AAPC) were determined. The joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess the temporal trends of CRC deaths and DALYs from 1990 to 2019. RESULTS In China, the number of diet-attributable CRC deaths and DALYs in 2019 were 90.41 (95% uncertainty interval: 65.69, 114.67) and 2234.06 (1609.96, 2831.24) per-1000 population, marking 2.05% and 1.68% annual increases since 1990, respectively. The region with the highest increase in age-standardised rates (ASRs) of diet-related CRC deaths and DALYs was in Taiwan with an AAPC of 2.00% (1.51, 2.48), whereas the highest decline in ASRs of CRC deaths and DALYs was observed in Hong Kong with an AAPC of -0.63% (-0.90, -0.35) (all P < 0.05). Nationally, men suffered higher CRC deaths and DALY burdens attributable to dietary risks than did women. Regarding the specific diet group, diets low in calcium, milk, and whole grains contributed to CRC deaths and DALYs the most. CONCLUSIONS Diet is an important contributor to increasing CRC burden in China. Necessary measures should be taken to kerb the growing burden attributed to dietary factors, particularly in males and in regions with middle Socio-demographic Index or lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Liu
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Z Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Li
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Q Wang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - S Liu
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - H Fang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - T Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Center for Intelligent Public Health, Academy for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - M Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Leshno M, Meiri H, Maymon R. Cost-effectiveness of universal routine sonographic cervical-length measurement at 19 to 25 weeks' gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2024; 6:101313. [PMID: 38387505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND National second-trimester scanning of cervical length was introduced in Israel in 2010, and in the decade thereafter, a significant systematic reduction in preterm birth and in the delivery of low birthweight babies was found among singletons. OBJECTIVE In this study, we sought to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a national policy mandating second-trimester cervical length screening by ultrasound, followed by vaginal progesterone treatment for short cervical length in comparison with no screening strategy. STUDY DESIGN We constructed a decision model comparing 2 strategies, namely (1) universal cervical length screening, and (2) no screening strategy. This study used the national delivery registry of Israel's Ministry of Health. All women diagnosed with a second-trimester cervical length <25 mm were treated with vaginal progesterone and were monitored with a bimonthly ultrasound scan for cervical dynamics and threat of early delivery. Preterm birth prevalence associated with short cervical length, the efficacy of progesterone in preterm birth prevention, and the accuracy of cervical length measurements were derived from previous studies. The cost of progesterone and bimonthly sonographic surveillance, low birthweight delivery, newborn admission to intensive care units, the first-year costs of managing preterm birth and low birthweight, and instances of handicaps and the cost of their follow-up were extracted from the publicly posted registry of Israel's Ministry of Health and Israel Social Securities data. Monte Carlo simulations decision tree mode, Tornado diagrams, and 1- and 2-way sensitivity analyses were implemented and the base case and sensitivity to parameters that were predicted to influence cost-effectiveness were calculated. RESULTS Without cervical length screening, the discounted quality-adjusted life years were 30.179, and with universal cervical length screening, it increased to 30.198 (difference of 0.018 quality-adjusted life years). The average cost of no screening for cervical length strategy was $1047, and for universal cervical length screening, it was reduced to $998. The calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was -$2676 per quality-adjusted life year (dividing the difference in costs by the difference in quality-adjusted life years). Monte Carlo simulation of cervical length screening of 170,000 singleton newborns (rounded large number close to the number of singleton newborns in Israel) showed that 95.17% of all babies were delivered at gestational week ≥37 in comparison with 94.46% of babies with the no screening strategy. Given 170,000 singleton births, the national savings of screening for short cervical length when compared with no cervical length screening amounted to $8.31M annually, equating to $48.84 for a base case, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for each case of low birthweight or very low birthweight avoided was -$14,718. A cervical length <25 mm was measured for 30,090 women, and of those, 24,650 were false positives. The major parameters that affected the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio were the incidence of preterm birth, the specificity of cervical length measurements, and the efficacy of progesterone treatment. At a preterm birth incidence of <3%, universal screening does not lead to a cost saving. CONCLUSION National universal cervical length screening should be incorporated into the routine anomaly scan in the second trimester, because it leads to a drop in the incidence of preterm birth and low birthweight babies in singleton pregnancies, thereby saving costs related to the newborn and gaining quality-adjusted life years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Leshno
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel (Drs Leshno and Maymon); Coller School of Management, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel (Dr Leshno)
| | - Hamutal Meiri
- PreTwin Screen Consortium and TeleMarpe Ltd, Tel-Aviv, Israel (Dr Meiri)
| | - Ron Maymon
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel (Drs Leshno and Maymon); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel (Dr Maymon).
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Yuan R, Tong Z, Chen JX, Wang Y, Zhou YF. Global Burden of Ischemic Heart Disease in Adolescents and Young Adults, 1990-2019. Am J Prev Med 2024; 66:751-759. [PMID: 38104848 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have evaluated the global burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). METHODS Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence (ASIR), mortality (ASMR) and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) (ASDR) were used to describe the burden of IHD in AYAs. Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPCs) of ASRs were used to describe the trend from 1990 to 2019. Risk factors were calculated by population attributable fractions (PAFs). Analyses were conducted in 2023. RESULTS In 2019, the ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR of IHD in AYAs were 26.81 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 20.36-34.54) per 100,000, 7.15 (95% UI: 6.56-7.87) per 100,000 and 409.51 (95% UI: 376.57-449.59) per 100,000. The ASIR and ASMR were higher among men than among women. From 1990 to 2019, the ASIR increased (EAPC=0.18%, 95% CI 0.14%-0.22%), while the ASMR (EAPC=-0.39%, -0.50% to -0.27%) and ASDR (EAPC=-0.40%, -0.52% to -0.29%) decreased. The largest increase in ASIR was observed in countries with a middle sociodemographic index (SDI) (EAPC=0.56%, 0.51%-0.60%). Globally, the proportional contribution of risk factors for DALY varied across regions, with the highest proportions of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high SDI regions (PAF=74.26%) and high-middle (PAF=71.30%) and the highest proportions of air pollution in low (PAF=41.79%) and low-middle SDI regions (PAF=40.90%). CONCLUSIONS The burden of IHD in AYAs remains high globally, and varies by age, sex, (male/female), region, and country. Targeted measures are needed to address the rising burden of IHD in AYAs, focusing on prevention, early diagnosis, and reduction in disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Yuan
- Clinical Big Data Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Tong
- Clinical Big Data Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yan-Feng Zhou
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
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Cuccurullo SJ, Fleming TK, Petrosyan H. Integrating Cardiac Rehabilitation in Stroke Recovery. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2024; 35:353-368. [PMID: 38514223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Stroke remains a top contributor to long-term disability in the United States and substantially limits a person's physical activity. Decreased cardiovascular capacity is a major contributing factor to activity limitations and is a significant health concern. Addressing the cardiovascular capacity of stroke survivors as part of poststroke management results in significant improvements in their endurance, functional recovery, and medical outcomes such as all-cause rehospitalization and mortality. Incorporation of a structured approach similar to the cardiac rehabilitation program, including aerobic exercise and risk factor education, can lead to improved cardiovascular function, health benefits, and quality of life in stroke survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Cuccurullo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute at Hackensack Meridian Health, 65 James Street, Edison, NJ, USA.
| | - Talya K Fleming
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute at Hackensack Meridian Health, 65 James Street, Edison, NJ, USA
| | - Hayk Petrosyan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute at Hackensack Meridian Health, 65 James Street, Edison, NJ, USA
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Kowlagi N, Kemppainen A, Panfilov E, McSweeney T, Saarakkala S, Nevalainen M, Niinimäki J, Karppinen J, Tiulpin A. Semiautomatic Assessment of Facet Tropism From Lumbar Spine MRI Using Deep Learning: A Northern Finland Birth Cohort Study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2024; 49:630-639. [PMID: 38105615 PMCID: PMC10997184 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, population-based study that automatically measured the facet joint (FJ) angles from T2-weighted axial magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) of the lumbar spine using deep learning (DL). OBJECTIVE This work aimed to introduce a semiautomatic framework that measures the FJ angles using DL and study facet tropism (FT) in a large Finnish population-based cohort. SUMMARY OF DATA T2-weighted axial MRIs of the lumbar spine (L3/4 through L5/S1) for (n=1288) in the NFBC1966 Finnish population-based cohort were used for this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A DL model was developed and trained on 430 participants' MRI images. The authors computed FJ angles from the model's prediction for each level, that is, L3/4 through L5/S1, for the male and female subgroups. Inter-rater and intrarater reliability was analyzed for 60 participants using annotations made by two radiologists and a musculoskeletal researcher. With the developed method, we examined FT in the entire NFBC1966 cohort, adopting the literature definitions of FT thresholds at 7° and 10°. The rater agreement was evaluated both for the annotations and the FJ angles computed based on the annotations. FJ asymmetry ( - was used to evaluate the agreement and correlation between the raters. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the agreement and systemic bias in the FJ asymmetry. The authors used the Dice score as the metric to compare the annotations between the raters. The authors evaluated the model predictions on the independent test set and compared them against the ground truth annotations. RESULTS This model scored Dice (92.7±0.1) and intersection over union (87.1±0.2) aggregated across all the regions of interest, that is, vertebral body (VB), FJs, and posterior arch (PA). The mean FJ angles measured for the male and female subgroups were in agreement with the literature findings. Intrarater reliability was high, with a Dice score of VB (97.3), FJ (82.5), and PA (90.3). The inter-rater reliability was better between the radiologists with a Dice score of VB (96.4), FJ (75.5), and PA (85.8) than between the radiologists and the musculoskeletal researcher. The prevalence of FT was higher in the male subgroup, with L4/5 found to be the most affected region. CONCLUSION The authors developed a DL-based framework that enabled us to study FT in a large cohort. Using the proposed method, the authors present the prevalence of FT in a Finnish population-based cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimharao Kowlagi
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti Kemppainen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Oulu Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Egor Panfilov
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Terence McSweeney
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Simo Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Oulu Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Nevalainen
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Oulu Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Niinimäki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Oulu Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaro Karppinen
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Rehabilitation Services of South Karelia Social and Health Care District, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Aleksei Tiulpin
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Neurocentral Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Ebrahimi OV, Borsboom D, Hoekstra RHA, Epskamp S, Ostinelli EG, Bastiaansen JA, Cipriani A. Towards precision in the diagnostic profiling of patients: leveraging symptom dynamics as a clinical characterisation dimension in the assessment of major depressive disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2024; 224:157-163. [PMID: 38584324 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2024.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND International guidelines present overall symptom severity as the key dimension for clinical characterisation of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, differences may reside within severity levels related to how symptoms interact in an individual patient, called symptom dynamics. AIMS To investigate these individual differences by estimating the proportion of patients that display differences in their symptom dynamics while sharing the same overall symptom severity. METHOD Participants with MDD (n = 73; mean age 34.6 years, s.d. = 13.1; 56.2% female) rated their baseline symptom severity using the Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (IDS-SR). Momentary indicators for depressive symptoms were then collected through ecological momentary assessments five times per day for 28 days; 8395 observations were conducted (average per person: 115; s.d. = 16.8). Each participant's symptom dynamics were estimated using person-specific dynamic network models. Individual differences in these symptom relationship patterns in groups of participants sharing the same symptom severity levels were estimated using individual network invariance tests. Subsequently, the overall proportion of participants that displayed differential symptom dynamics while sharing the same symptom severity was calculated. A supplementary simulation study was conducted to investigate the accuracy of our methodology against false-positive results. RESULTS Differential symptom dynamics were identified across 63.0% (95% bootstrapped CI 41.0-82.1) of participants within the same severity group. The average false detection of individual differences was 2.2%. CONCLUSIONS The majority of participants within the same depressive symptom severity group displayed differential symptom dynamics. Examining symptom dynamics provides information about person-specific psychopathological expression beyond severity levels by revealing how symptoms aggravate each other over time. These results suggest that symptom dynamics may be a promising new dimension for clinical characterisation, warranting replication in independent samples. To inform personalised treatment planning, a next step concerns linking different symptom relationship patterns to treatment response and clinical course, including patterns related to spontaneous recovery and forms of disorder progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid V Ebrahimi
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; and Department of Psychology , University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Denny Borsboom
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ria H A Hoekstra
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha Epskamp
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edoardo G Ostinelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Precision Psychiatry Laboratory, NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jojanneke A Bastiaansen
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and Friesland Mental Health Care Services, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Cipriani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Precision Psychiatry Laboratory, NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
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van der Vliet N, Stuber JM, Raghoebar S, Roordink E, van der Swaluw K. Nudging plant-based alternatives to meat and dairy in a real-life online supermarket: A randomized controlled trial. Appetite 2024; 196:107278. [PMID: 38373537 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
A shift from predominantly animal-based to plant-based consumption can benefit both planetary and public health. Nudging may help to promote such a shift. This study investigated nudge effects on plant-based alternatives to meat and dairy in an online supermarket. We conducted a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled real-life online supermarket trial. Each customer transaction was randomized to a control arm (regular online supermarket) or an intervention arm (addition of placement, hedonic property and dynamic social norm nudges promoting meat and dairy alternatives). Outcomes were the aggregate of meat and dairy alternative purchases (primary outcome), the number of meat purchases, dairy purchases, meat alternative purchases, and dairy alternative purchases (secondary), and retailer revenue (tertiary). Generalized linear mixed models with a Conway-Maxwell Poisson distribution were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs). Analyzed data included 8488 transactions by participants (n = 4,266 control arm, n = 4,222 intervention arm), out of which 2,411 (66%) were aged above 45 years, 5,660 (67%) were females, and 1,970 (23%) lived in socially disadvantaged neighborhoods. Intervention arm participants purchased 10% (IRR 1.10 (95% CI 0.99-1.23)) more meat and dairy alternatives and 16% (1.16 (0.99-1.36)) more meat alternatives than control arm participants, although these findings are not statistically significant. There was no difference in dairy alternative purchases (1.00 (0.90-1.10)). Intervention arm participants purchased 3% less meats (0.97 (0.93-1.02)) and 2% less dairy products (0.98 (0.95-1.02)) than control participants. Retailer revenue was not affected (0.98 (0.95-1.01)). Online nudging strategies alone did not lead to a statistically significant higher amount of plant-based purchases, but replication of this work is needed with increased study power. Future studies should also consider nudging strategies as part of a broader set of policies to promote plant-based purchases. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Prospectively registered on 14th of May 2022. ISRCTN16569242 (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN16569242).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina van der Vliet
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Tilburg University Graduate School, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5000 LE, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Josine M Stuber
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Sanne Raghoebar
- Wageningen University and Research, Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles Group, Education and Learning Sciences Group, 6706 KN, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eline Roordink
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Koen van der Swaluw
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Radboud University, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Nijmegen School of Management, 6500 HK, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Zhao Y, Han M, Qie R, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Fu X, Zhang D, Kuang L, Qin P, Hu F, Li J, Lu X, Hu D, Zhang M. Associations of body mass index trajectory, waist circumference trajectory, or both with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in Chinese adults: The China-PAR project. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:1919-1928. [PMID: 38418401 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To identify the trajectories of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and assess the associations of BMI trajectory, WC trajectory, or the two combined, with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk in Chinese adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was based on a prospective project-the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR). A total of 54 434 participants (39.21% men) who were measured on at least two occasions were included. Three slowly increasing trajectory patterns were identified for BMI, and four for WC, by latent mixed modelling. A nine-category variable was derived by combining the WC trajectory (low, moderate, moderate-high/high) and the BMI trajectory (low, moderate, high). Logistic regression models were applied to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The risk of developing T2DM increased with elevated BMI or WC trajectory levels (all ptrend <0.001). The risks were 2.85 (2.59-3.14) for high BMI trajectory and 4.34 (3.78-4.99) for high WC trajectory versus low trajectory groups, respectively. The association was more pronounced among younger individuals (pinteraction <0.001). In the joint analysis, compared to participants with low WC and BMI trajectory, those with moderate-high/high WC combined with high BMI trajectory had the highest risk of T2DM (OR 3.96, 95% CI 3.48-4.50); even those who maintained moderate-high/high WC but low BMI trajectory showed a higher T2DM risk (OR 3.00, 95% CI 2.31-3.91). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that simultaneous dynamic and continuous monitoring of BMI and WC may contribute more than single measurements to predicting T2DM risk and determining preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minghui Han
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ranran Qie
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueru Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Kuang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pei Qin
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
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Zhi D, Jiang R, Pearlson G, Fu Z, Qi S, Yan W, Feng A, Xu M, Calhoun V, Sui J. Triple Interactions Between the Environment, Brain, and Behavior in Children: An ABCD Study. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:828-838. [PMID: 38151182 PMCID: PMC11006588 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposures play a crucial role in shaping children's behavioral development. However, the mechanisms by which these exposures interact with brain functional connectivity and influence behavior remain unexplored. METHODS We investigated the comprehensive environment-brain-behavior triple interactions through rigorous association, prediction, and mediation analyses, while adjusting for multiple confounders. Particularly, we examined the predictive power of brain functional network connectivity (FNC) and 41 environmental exposures for 23 behaviors related to cognitive ability and mental health in 7655 children selected from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study at both baseline and follow-up. RESULTS FNC demonstrated more predictability for cognitive abilities than for mental health, with cross-validation from the UK Biobank study (N = 20,852), highlighting the importance of thalamus and hippocampus in longitudinal prediction, while FNC+environment demonstrated more predictive power than FNC in both cross-sectional and longitudinal prediction of all behaviors, especially for mental health (r = 0.32-0.63). We found that family and neighborhood exposures were common critical environmental influencers on cognitive ability and mental health, which can be mediated by FNC significantly. Healthy perinatal development was a unique protective factor for higher cognitive ability, whereas sleep problems, family conflicts, and adverse school environments specifically increased risk of poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS This work revealed comprehensive environment-brain-behavior triple interactions based on the ABCD Study, identified cognitive control and default mode networks as the most predictive functional networks for a wide repertoire of behaviors, and underscored the long-lasting impact of critical environmental exposures on childhood development, in which sleep problems were the most prominent factors affecting mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongtao Jiang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Godfrey Pearlson
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Zening Fu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, and Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Shile Qi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Weizheng Yan
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Lab of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Aichen Feng
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, and Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Jing Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, and Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Ramadan M, Ghamdi H, Aboalola D, Alorainan N, Alsalmi R, Afash A, Hariri A, Alboloshi A, Samkari A, Alsiary R. Disease burden and projection of total and early-onset colorectal cancer in Gulf cooperation council countries from 1990 to 2019. Neoplasia 2024; 51:100988. [PMID: 38513469 PMCID: PMC10965807 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) incidence and prevalence trends in the rise in high income countries, such as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The study aimed to offer an up-to-date assessment of the overall burden of CRC, and EO-CRC in GCC countries and project its incidence and mortality in 2030. METHOD The prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of CRC were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The incidence and mortality of CRC, and EO-CRC up to 2030 were predicted. RESULTS All GCC countries showed a higher annual average percentage changes (AAPC) AAPC incidence rate for EO-CRC compared to CRC. In Saudi Arabia the number of CRC cases has increased from 1990 1484.57; (95 % UI 1987.98,1083.86) 11.4-fold-increase to 16991.83; (95 % UI 21754.79,12892.12) in 2019. In 2030, the total incidence cases of CRC for the six Gulf countries are expected to reach 13,339 thousand, primarily driven by Saudi Arabia with 7,910.19 cases. In 2030, the CRC mortality rate is projected to be 7,647 cases, with nearly 57 % of CRC mortality cases anticipated in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION This study sheds light on the alarming rise in CRC and EO-CRC across Gulf countries from 1990 to 2019, emphasizing Saudi Arabia's significant burden. It projects a concerning increase in CRC incidence and mortality by 2030, primarily in Saudi Arabia, and highlights the need for immediate public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Ramadan
- Population Health Research Section, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, P.O.BOX 9515, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanin Ghamdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, P.O.BOX 9515, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Aboalola
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, P.O.BOX 9515, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Alorainan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O Box: 80200, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ragad Alsalmi
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, P.O.BOX 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Republic of Ireland
| | - Ahmed Afash
- Ibn Sina National College For medical Studies (ISNC), P.O.BOX 53347, Jeddah 21583, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Albaraa Hariri
- Ibn Sina National college for medical Studies (ISNC), P.O.BOX 23814, JEDDAH 9397, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer Alboloshi
- Medicine Faculty, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, P.O.B.O.X 80200
| | - Alaa Samkari
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ministry of National
| | - Rawiah Alsiary
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, P.O.BOX 9515, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Bai Y, Cai Y, Chang D, Li D, Huo X, Zhu T. Immunotherapy for depression: Recent insights and future targets. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108624. [PMID: 38442780 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Depression stands as a prominent contributor to global disability, entailing an elevated risk of suicide. Substantial evidence supports the notion that immune dysregulation may play a role in the development of depression and impede responses to antidepressant treatments. Immune dysregulation may cause depression in susceptible individuals through raising inflammatory responses. Differences in immune cell types and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators are observed in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with major depressive disorder, which is associated with neuroimmune dysfunction. Therefore, the interaction of peripheral and central immune targets in depression needs to be understood. Urgent attention is required for the development of innovative therapeutics directed at modulating immune responses for the treatment of depression. This review delineates the immune mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of depression, assesses the therapeutic potential of immune system targeting for depression treatment, and deliberates on the merits and constraints of employing immunotherapy in the management of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yang Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Di Chang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Daxing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xinchen Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tianhao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Kawi J, Yeh CH, Grant L, Huang X, Wu H, Hua C, Christo P. Retention, adherence, and acceptability testing of a digital health intervention in a 3-group randomized controlled trial for chronic musculoskeletal pain. Complement Ther Med 2024; 81:103030. [PMID: 38437926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate a digital health intervention using Auricular Point Acupressure (APA) for chronic musculoskeletal pain in terms of participant retention, adherence, acceptability, and satisfaction. Chronic musculoskeletal pain is a global concern and there are persistent challenges in pain management. Despite the value of digital health interventions, these interventions need to be fully evaluated for feasibility. METHODS We conducted a 3-group, longitudinal, randomized controlled trial (RCT). After Institutional Review Board approval, we posted recruitment flyers in a university, healthcare clinics, and community settings. Participants were randomized into an in-person + app group (n = 8), virtual + app group (n = 7), and a wait-list, education-enhanced control group (n = 8), evaluating our outcomes using standard feasibility measures. The 4-week intervention consisted of virtual sessions, telecommunications, and our APA app, followed by a 3-month follow-up. RESULTS Data from 22 participants were subsequently analyzed (95.7%). All app participants adhered to the study protocol and used APA at the minimum recommended frequency and duration. The virtual + app group used APA more during the intervention and follow-up periods. All app participants found the intervention to be acceptable and at least 80% overall were satisfied with APA at the 3-month follow-up. There were no adverse events reported. CONCLUSIONS Our digital health intervention was found to be acceptable and sustainable; participants adhered to and were satisfied with the intervention providing support for a larger RCT. CLINICAL TRIAL #: NCT05020470.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kawi
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, School of Nursing, 4505 S Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-3018, USA.
| | - Chao Hsing Yeh
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Cizik School of Nursing, 6901 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lauren Grant
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, 625 Shadow Ln, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Xinran Huang
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hulin Wu
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunyan Hua
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William F. Harrah College of Hospitality, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Paul Christo
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Anita WM, Uttajug A, Seposo XT, Sudo K, Nakata M, Takemura T, Takano H, Fujiwara T, Ueda K. Interplay of Climate Change and Air Pollution- Projection of the under-5 mortality attributable to ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) in South Asia. Environ Res 2024; 248:118292. [PMID: 38266897 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is a leading health risk factor for children under- 5 years, especially in developing countries. South Asia is a PM2.5 hotspot, where climate change, a potential factor affecting PM2.5 pollution, adds a major challenge. However, limited evidence is available on under-5 mortality attributable to PM2.5 under different climate change scenarios. This study aimed to project under-5 mortality attributable to long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 under seven air pollution and climate change mitigation scenarios in South Asia. We used a concentration-risk function obtained from a previous review to project under-5 mortality attributable to ambient PM2.5. With a theoretical minimum risk exposure level of 2.4 μg/m3, this risk function was linked to gridded annual PM2.5 concentrations from atmospheric modeling to project under-5 mortality from 2010 to 2049 under different climate change mitigation scenarios. The scenarios were developed from the Aim/Endues global model based on end-of-pipe (removing the emission of air pollutants at the source, EoP) and 2 °C target measures. Our results showed that, in 2010-2014, about 306.8 thousand under-5 deaths attributable to PM2.5 occurred in South Asia under the Reference (business as usual) scenario. The number of deaths was projected to increase in 2045-2049 by 36.6% under the same scenario and 7.7% under the scenario where EoP measures would be partially implemented by developing countries (EoPmid), and was projected to decrease under other scenarios, with the most significant decrease (81.2%) under the scenario where EoP measures would be fully enhanced by all countries along with the measures to achieve 2 °C target (EoPmaxCCSBLD) across South Asia. Country-specific projections of under-5 mortality varied by country. The current emission control strategy would not be sufficient to reduce the number of deaths in South Asia. Robust climate change mitigation and air pollution control policy implementation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Athicha Uttajug
- Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.
| | | | - Kengo Sudo
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Makiko Nakata
- Faculty of Applied Sociology Kindai University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Takemura
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kyushu, Japan.
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | - Taku Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | - Kayo Ueda
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan; Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.
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Long JY, Qin K, Pan N, Fan WL, Li Y. Impaired topology and connectivity of grey matter structural networks in major depressive disorder: evidence from a multi-site neuroimaging data-set. Br J Psychiatry 2024; 224:170-178. [PMID: 38602159 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2024.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been increasingly understood as a disruption of brain connectome. Investigating grey matter structural networks with a large sample size can provide valuable insights into the structural basis of network-level neuropathological underpinnings of MDD. AIMS Using a multisite MRI data-set including nearly 2000 individuals, this study aimed to identify robust topology and connectivity abnormalities of grey matter structural network linked to MDD and relevant clinical phenotypes. METHOD A total of 955 MDD patients and 1009 healthy controls were included from 23 sites. Individualised structural covariance networks (SCN) were established based on grey matter volume maps. Following data harmonisation, network topological metrics and focal connectivity were examined for group-level comparisons, individual-level classification performance and association with clinical ratings. Various validation strategies were applied to confirm the reliability of findings. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, MDD individuals exhibited increased global efficiency, abnormal regional centralities (i.e. thalamus, precentral gyrus, middle cingulate cortex and default mode network) and altered circuit connectivity (i.e. ventral attention network and frontoparietal network). First-episode drug-naive and recurrent patients exhibited different patterns of deficits in network topology and connectivity. In addition, the individual-level classification of topological metrics outperforms that of structural connectivity. The thalamus-insula connectivity was positively associated with the severity of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Based on this high-powered data-set, we identified reliable patterns of impaired topology and connectivity of individualised SCN in MDD and relevant subtypes, which adds to the current understanding of neuropathology of MDD and might guide future development of diagnostic and therapeutic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Long
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China; Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Qin
- Department of Radiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Liang Fan
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Department of Radiology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China; Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
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Chen L, Li H, Liu X, Zhang N, Wang K, Shi A, Gao H, Akdis D, Saguner AM, Xu X, Osto E, Van de Veen W, Li G, Bayés-Genís A, Duru F, Song J, Li X, Hu S. PBX/Knotted 1 homeobox-2 (PKNOX2) is a novel regulator of myocardial fibrosis. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:94. [PMID: 38644381 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Much effort has been made to uncover the cellular heterogeneities of human hearts by single-nucleus RNA sequencing. However, the cardiac transcriptional regulation networks have not been systematically described because of the limitations in detecting transcription factors. In this study, we optimized a pipeline for isolating nuclei and conducting single-nucleus RNA sequencing targeted to detect a higher number of cell signal genes and an optimal number of transcription factors. With this unbiased protocol, we characterized the cellular composition of healthy human hearts and investigated the transcriptional regulation networks involved in determining the cellular identities and functions of the main cardiac cell subtypes. Particularly in fibroblasts, a novel regulator, PKNOX2, was identified as being associated with physiological fibroblast activation in healthy hearts. To validate the roles of these transcription factors in maintaining homeostasis, we used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of transplanted failing hearts focusing on fibroblast remodelling. The trajectory analysis suggested that PKNOX2 was abnormally decreased from fibroblast activation to pathological myofibroblast formation. Both gain- and loss-of-function in vitro experiments demonstrated the inhibitory role of PKNOX2 in pathological fibrosis remodelling. Moreover, fibroblast-specific overexpression and knockout of PKNOX2 in a heart failure mouse model induced by transverse aortic constriction surgery significantly improved and aggravated myocardial fibrosis, respectively. In summary, this study established a high-quality pipeline for single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of heart muscle. With this optimized protocol, we described the transcriptional regulation networks of the main cardiac cell subtypes and identified PKNOX2 as a novel regulator in suppressing fibrosis and a potential therapeutic target for future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Haotong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Kui Wang
- School of Statistics and Data Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Anteng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Deniz Akdis
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ardan M Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xinjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Elena Osto
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Willem Van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, CIBERCV, Spain
| | - Firat Duru
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Zhang T, Ye R, Shen Z, Chang Q, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhao L, Xia Y. Joint association of serum urate and healthy diet with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease incidence: results from the UK Biobank study. Food Funct 2024; 15:4642-4651. [PMID: 38595152 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02750c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Background: The role of serum urate (SU) levels in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a topic of debate, and it is unclear whether a healthy diet can mitigate the impact of SU on COPD risk. The objective of this study is to examine whether and to what extent a healthy diet can reduce the risk of COPD in relation to SU levels. Methods: The cohort analysis included 155 403 participants from the UK Biobank. SU levels were measured at the time of recruitment. A healthy diet score was calculated based on the consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish, processed meats, unprocessed red meat, whole grains, and refined grains. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the associations between SU levels, a healthy diet score, and the risk of COPD. Results: During a follow-up period of 1 409 969 person-years, 2918 incident cases of COPD were identified. Compared with the lowest SU level group, the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for COPD were 1.17 (1.03, 1.34) for participants with the highest SU level (hyperuricemia), indicating a positive association. Additionally, a dose-response relationship was observed between SU levels and the incidence of COPD (P-value for overall <0.0001). In the combined effect analysis, compared to individuals with high SU (hyperuricemia) + a low diet score (diet score <4), those with normal SU + a high diet score (diet score ≥4) had a HR (95% CI) of 0.75 (0.65, 0.87) for COPD. Conclusions: In summary, there is a positive association between SU levels and the risk of COPD. Furthermore, a healthier diet can mitigate the risk of COPD associated with high SU levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Institutes of Brain Science, Wannan Medical College
| | - Rui Ye
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Zhenfei Shen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
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70
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An R, Zhou X, He P, Lyu C, Wang D. Inulin mitigated antibiotic-induced intestinal microbiota dysbiosis - a comparison of different supplementation stages. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38644728 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05186b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics are unavoidable to be prescribed to subjects due to different reasons, and they decrease the relative abundance of beneficial microbes. Inulin, a fructan type of polysaccharide carbohydrate, on the contrary, could promote the growth of beneficial microbes. In this study, we investigated the effect of inulin on antibiotic-induced intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and compared their overall impact at different supplementation stages, i.e., post-antibiotic, at the time of antibiotic administration or prior to antibiotic treatment, in the C57BL/6 mice model. Although supplementation of inulin after antibiotic treatment could aid in the reconstruction of the intestinal microbial community its overall impact was limited and no remarkable differences were identified as compared to the spontaneous restoration. On the contrary, the effect of simultaneous and pre-supplementation was more remarkable. Simultaneous inulin supplementation significantly mitigated the antibiotic-induced dysbiosis based on alterations as evaluated using weighted and unweighted UniFrac distance between baseline and after treatment. Moreover, comparing the effect of simultaneous supplementation, pre-supplemented inulin further mitigated the antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, especially on the relative abundance of dominant microbes. Collectively, the current study found that the use of inulin could alleviate antibiotic-induced microbiota dysbiosis, and the best supplementation stage (overall effect as evaluated by beta diversity distance changes) was before the antibiotic treatment, then simultaneous supplementation and supplementation after the antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xilong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy and Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Penglin He
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chenang Lyu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Li R, Shao J, Hu C, Xu T, Zhou J, Zhang J, Liu Q, Han M, Ning N, Fan X, Zhou W, Huang R, Ma Y, Jin L. Metabolic risks remain a serious threat to cardiovascular disease: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Intern Emerg Med 2024:10.1007/s11739-024-03605-8. [PMID: 38642311 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic factors are major and controllable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and few studies have described this burden. We aim to assess it from 1990 to 2019 and predict the trends through 2034. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) provides data on sex, age, and socio-demographic index (SDI) levels. Numbers, age-standardized death rates (ASDR) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were used. Future trends were estimated by NORDPRED model. The deaths cases of metabolic-related CVD increased from 8.61 million (95% UI: 7.91-9.29) to 13.71 million (95% UI: 12.24-14.94) globally. The ASDR continued to decline globally (EAPC = -1.36). The burden was heavier in male and middle-aged people and elderly people. CVD-related ASDR caused by high systolic blood pressure (SBP) had a downward trend globally (EAPC = -1.45), while trends of high body mass index (BMI) (EAPC = 1.29, 1.97, 0.92) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (EAPC = 0.95, 1.08, 0.46) were increasing in the middle, low-middle, and low SDI regions, respectively. Compared to 2015-2019, cumulative deaths will increase by 27.85% from 2030 to 2034, while ASDR will decrease 10.47%. The metabolic-related CVD burden remained high globally and deaths will continue to rise in the future. Men, middle-aged and elderly people were focus of concern. High SBP was globally well-managed over the past 30 years, but the CVD burden due to high BMI and FPG remained high. Exceptional initiatives are needed to regarding interventions targeting high BMI and FPG in middle and lower SDI regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jinang Shao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Chengxiang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Qitong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengying Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Ning
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoting Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Lina Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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de la Rosa T, Scorza FA. Parkinson's disease inpatient mortality: Attention to sudden death. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100366. [PMID: 38643608 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás de la Rosa
- Neuroscience Department, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fúlvio Alexandre Scorza
- Neurology Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Marín D, Basagaña X, Amaya F, Aristizábal LM, Muñoz DA, Domínguez A, Molina F, Ramos CD, Morales-Betancourt R, Hincapié R, Rodríguez-Villamizar L, Rojas Y, Morales O, Cuellar M, Corredor A, Villamil-Osorio M, Bejarano MA, Vidal D, Narváez DM, Groot H, Builes JJ, López L, Henao EA, Lopera V, Hernández LJ, Bangdiwala SI, Marín-Ochoa B, Oviedo AI, Sánchez-García OE, Toro MV, Riaño W, Rueda ZV. Early-life external exposome in children 2 to 5 years old in Colombia. Environ Res 2024:118913. [PMID: 38643821 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Exposome studies are advancing in high-income countries to understand how multiple environmental exposures impact health. However, there is a significant research gap in low- and middle-income and tropical countries. We aimed to describe the spatiotemporal variation of the external exposome, its correlation structure between and within exposure groups, and its dimensionality. A one-year follow-up cohort study of 506 children under 5 in two cities in Colombia was conducted to evaluate asthma, acute respiratory infections, and DNA damage. We examined 48 environmental exposures during pregnancy and 168 during childhood in eight exposure groups, including atmospheric pollutants, natural spaces, meteorology, built environment, traffic, indoor exposure, and socioeconomic capital. The exposome was estimated using geographic information systems, remote sensing, spatiotemporal modeling, and questionnaires. The median age of children at study entry was 3.7 years (interquartile range: 2.9-4.3). Air pollution and natural space exposure decreased from pregnancy to childhood, while socioeconomic capital increased. The highest median correlations within exposure groups were observed in meteorology (r = 0.85), traffic (r = 0.83), and atmospheric pollutants (r = 0.64). Important correlations between variables from different exposure groups were found, such as atmospheric pollutants and meteorology (r = 0.76), natural spaces (r = -0.34), and the built environment (r = 0.53). Twenty principal components explained 70%, and 57 explained 95% of the total variance in the childhood exposome. Our findings show that there is an important spatiotemporal variation in the exposome of children under 5. This is the first characterization of the external exposome in urban areas of Latin America and highlights its complexity, but also the need to better characterize and understand the exposome in order to optimize its analysis and applications in local interventions aimed at improving the health conditions and well-being of the child population and contributing to environmental health decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Marín
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia.
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona 08003, España, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Ferney Amaya
- School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | | | - Diego Alejandro Muñoz
- Department of Mathematics, National University of Colombia, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Alan Domínguez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona 08003, España, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Francisco Molina
- Environmental School, School of Engineering, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Carlos Daniel Ramos
- Environmental School, School of Engineering, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | | | - Roberto Hincapié
- School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Laura Rodríguez-Villamizar
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| | - Yurley Rojas
- School of Engineering, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| | - Olga Morales
- School of Medicine, Pediaciencias Group, Universidad de Antioquia, Noel Clinic Medellin 050010, Colombia; Department of Pediatrics, Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Martha Cuellar
- School of Medicine, Pediaciencias Group, Universidad de Antioquia, Noel Clinic Medellin 050010, Colombia; Department of Pediatrics, SOMER Clinic, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Andrea Corredor
- Department of Pediatrics, ONIROS Centro Especializado en Medicina Integral del Sueño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Milena Villamil-Osorio
- Department of Pediatrics, Fundación Hospital Pediátrico la Misericordia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Dolly Vidal
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario San José, Popayán 190003, Colombia
| | - Diana M Narváez
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Helena Groot
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Juan José Builes
- Department of Paternity Testing. GENES Laboratory, Medellín 050024, Colombia
| | - Lucelly López
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | | | - Verónica Lopera
- Secretariat of Health, Medellin Mayor's Office, Medellin 050015, Colombia
| | | | - Shrikant I Bangdiwala
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Statistics Department, Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Beatriz Marín-Ochoa
- School of Social Sciences, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Ana Isabel Oviedo
- School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | | | - María Victoria Toro
- School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Will Riaño
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia; School of Medicine, Pediaciencias Group, Universidad de Antioquia, Noel Clinic Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Zulma Vanessa Rueda
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050034, Colombia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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Choi M, Sempungu JK, Lee EH, Lee YH. Differential trends and patterns of sociodemographic disparities in burden of mental disorders, substance use disorder and self-harm across age groups: ecological study in 204 countries using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. BJPsych Open 2024; 10:e89. [PMID: 38639211 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2024.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well-known that socioeconomic status is associated with mental illness at both the individual and population levels, but there is a less clear understanding of whether socioeconomic development is related to poor mental health at the country level. AIMS We aimed to investigate sociodemographic disparities in burden of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm by age group. METHOD Estimates of age-specific disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates for mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm from 1990 to 2019 for 204 countries were obtained. The sociodemographic index (SDI) was used to assess sociodemographic development. Associations between burden of mental health and sociodemographic development in 1990 and 2019 were investigated, and sociodemographic inequalities in burden of mental health from 1990 to 2019 by age were estimated using the concentration index. RESULTS Differential trends in sociodemographic disparities in diseases across age groups were observed. For mental disorders, particularly depressive disorder and substance use disorders, DALY rates in high SDI countries were higher and increased more than those in countries with other SDI levels among individuals aged 10-24 and 25-49 years. By contrast, DALY rates for those over 50 years were lower in high SDI countries than in countries with other SDI levels between 1990 and 2019. A higher DALY rate among younger individuals accompanied a higher SDI at the country level. However, increased sociodemographic development was associated with decreased disease burden for adults aged ≥70 years. CONCLUSIONS Strategies for improving mental health and strengthening mental health system should consider a broader sociocultural context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjae Choi
- Institute for Future Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joshua Kirabo Sempungu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and Program in Public Health, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hae Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and Program in Public Health, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Han Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Weyant C, Hooda Y, Munira SJ, Lo NC, Ryckman T, Tanmoy AM, Kanon N, Seidman JC, Garrett D, Saha SK, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD, Saha S, Andrews JR. Cost-effectiveness and public health impact of typhoid conjugate vaccine introduction strategies in Bangladesh. Vaccine 2024; 42:2867-2876. [PMID: 38531727 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Typhoid fever causes substantial morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. The government of Bangladesh plans to introduce typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV) in its expanded program on immunization (EPI) schedule. However, the optimal introduction strategy in addition to the costs and benefits of such a program are unclear. METHODS We extended an existing mathematical model of typhoid transmission to integrate cost data, clinical incidence data, and recently conducted serosurveys in urban, semi-urban, and rural areas. In our primary analysis, we evaluated the status quo (i.e., no vaccination) and eight vaccine introduction strategies including routine and 1-time campaign strategies, which differed by age groups targeted and geographic focus. Model outcomes included clinical incidence, seroincidence, deaths, costs, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for each strategy. We adopted a societal perspective, 10-year model time horizon, and 3 % annual discount rate. We performed probabilistic, one-way, and scenario sensitivity analyses including adopting a healthcare perspective and alternate model time horizons. RESULTS We projected that all TCV strategies would be cost saving compared to the status quo. The preferred strategy was a nationwide introduction of TCV at 9-12 months of age with a single catch-up campaign for children ages 1-15, which was cost saving compared to all other strategies and the status quo. In the 10 years following implementation, we projected this strategy would avert 3.77 million cases (95 % CrI: 2.60 - 5.18), 11.31 thousand deaths (95 % CrI: 3.77 - 23.60), and save $172.35 million (95 % CrI: -14.29 - 460.59) compared to the status quo. Our findings were broadly robust to changes in parameter values and willingness-to-pay thresholds. CONCLUSIONS We projected that nationwide TCV introduction with a catch-up campaign would substantially reduce typhoid incidence and very likely be cost saving in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Weyant
- Department of Health Policy and Center for Health Policy, Stanford School of Medicine and Freeman Spogli Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
| | - Yogesh Hooda
- Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nathan C Lo
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Theresa Ryckman
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Naito Kanon
- Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Samir K Saha
- Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh Shishu Hospital and Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jeremy D Goldhaber-Fiebert
- Department of Health Policy and Center for Health Policy, Stanford School of Medicine and Freeman Spogli Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Senjuti Saha
- Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jason R Andrews
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Nguyen MTH, Sakamoto Y, Maeda T, Woodward M, Anderson CS, Catiwa J, Yazidjoglou A, Carcel C, Yang M, Wang X. Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Functional Outcomes After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2024:e033078. [PMID: 38639361 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review aimed to quantify the impact of socioeconomic status on functional outcomes from stroke and identify the socioeconomic status indicators that exhibit the highest magnitude of association. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a systematic literature search across Medline and Embase from inception to May 2022, to identify observational studies (n≥100, and in English). Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta-analysis was used to pool data. We included 19 studies (157 715 patients, 47.7% women) reporting functional outcomes measured with modified Rankin Scale or Barthel index, with 10 assessed as low risk of bias. Measures of socioeconomic status reported were education (11 studies), income (8), occupation (4), health insurance status (3), and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (3). Pooled data suggested that low socioeconomic status was significantly associated with poor functional outcomes, including incomplete education or below high school level versus high school attainment and above (odds ratio [OR], 1.66 [95% CI, 1.40-1.95]), lowest income versus highest income (OR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.02-1.83]), a manual job/being unemployed versus a nonmanual job/working (OR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.29-2.02]), and living in the most disadvantaged socioeconomic neighborhood versus the least disadvantaged (OR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.25-1.92]). Low health insurance status was also associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcomes (OR, 1.32 [95% CI, 0.95-1.84]), although this was association was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Despite great strides in stroke treatment in the past decades, social disadvantage remains a risk factor for poor functional outcome after an acute stroke. Further research is needed to better understand causal mechanisms and disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai T H Nguyen
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Centre of Epidemiology for Policy and Practice, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Neurology Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London London United Kingdom
| | - Craig S Anderson
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- The George Institute China Registered Office of The George Institute for Global Health Australia Beijing China
| | - Jayson Catiwa
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Amelia Yazidjoglou
- Centre of Epidemiology for Policy and Practice, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Cheryl Carcel
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College Chengdu China
| | - Xia Wang
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
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Fang Z, Jia S, Mou X, Li Z, Hu T, Tu Y, Zhao J, Zhang T, Lin W, Lu Y, Feng C, Xia S. Shared genetic architecture and causal relationship between liver and heart disease. iScience 2024; 27:109431. [PMID: 38523778 PMCID: PMC10959668 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship and genetic mechanisms of liver and heart diseases, focusing on the liver-heart axis (LHA) as a fundamental biological basis. Through genome-wide association study analysis, we explore shared genes and pathways related to LHA. Shared genetic factors are found in 8 out of 20 pairs, indicating genetic correlations. The analysis reveals 53 loci with pleiotropic effects, including 8 loci exhibiting shared causality across multiple traits. Based on SNP-p level tissue-specific multi-marker analysis of genomic annotation (MAGMA) analysis demonstrates significant enrichment of pleiotropy in liver and heart diseases within different cardiovascular tissues and female reproductive appendages. Gene-specific MAGMA analysis identifies 343 pleiotropic genes associated with various traits; these genes show tissue-specific enrichment primarily in the liver, cardiovascular system, and other tissues. Shared risk loci between immune cells and both liver and cardiovascular diseases are also discovered. Mendelian randomization analyses provide support for causal relationships among the investigated trait pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Sixiang Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Xuanting Mou
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Tianli Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Yiting Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Tianlong Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Wenting Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Yile Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Shudong Xia
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
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Jirapinyo P, Hadefi A, Thompson CC, Patai ÁV, Pannala R, Goelder SK, Kushnir V, Barthet M, Apovian CM, Boskoski I, Chapman CG, Davidson P, Donatelli G, Kumbhari V, Hayee B, Esker J, Hucl T, Pryor AD, Maselli R, Schulman AR, Pattou F, Zelber-Sagi S, Bain PA, Durieux V, Triantafyllou K, Thosani N, Huberty V, Sullivan S. American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy-European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline on primary endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies for adults with obesity. Endoscopy 2024. [PMID: 38641332 DOI: 10.1055/a-2292-2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
This joint ASGE-ESGE guideline provides an evidence-based summary and recommendations regarding the role of endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies (EBMTs) in the management of obesity. The document was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. It evaluates the efficacy and safety of EBMT devices and procedures that currently have CE mark or FDA-clearance/approval, or that had been approved within five years of document development. The guideline suggests the use of EBMTs plus lifestyle modification in patients with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2, or with a BMI of 27.0-29.9 kg/m2 with at least 1 obesity-related comorbidity. Furthermore, it suggests the utilization of intragastric balloons and devices for endoscopic gastric remodeling (EGR) in conjunction with lifestyle modification for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichamol Jirapinyo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alia Hadefi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology, and Digestive Oncology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christopher C Thompson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Árpád V Patai
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rahul Pannala
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Stefan K Goelder
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Kushnir
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Marc Barthet
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Chemin des Bourrely, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline M Apovian
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ivo Boskoski
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, and Centre for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and Training, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Christopher G Chapman
- Center for Interventional and Therapeutic Endoscopy, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Paul Davidson
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gianfranco Donatelli
- Unité d'Endoscopie Interventionnelle, Hôpital Privé des Peupliers, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Paris, France and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Vivek Kumbhari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Bu Hayee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janelle Esker
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tomas Hucl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aurora D Pryor
- Department of Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Roberta Maselli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy and Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Endoscopy Unit, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Allison R Schulman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Francois Pattou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur Lille, Lille, France
| | - Shira Zelber-Sagi
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel and Department of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paul A Bain
- Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Valérie Durieux
- Bibliothèque des Sciences de la Santé, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Konstantinos Triantafyllou
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Second Department of Internal Medicine-Propaedeutic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nirav Thosani
- Center for Interventional Gastroenterology at UTHealth, Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vincent Huberty
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology, and Digestive Oncology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Shelby Sullivan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Bauer J, Vlcek J, Pauly V, Hesse N, Xia R, Mo L, Chivukula AS, Villgrater H, Dressler M, Hildebrand B, Wolf E, Rizas KD, Bauer A, Kääb S, Tomsits P, Schüttler D, Clauss S. Biomarker Periodic Repolarization Dynamics Indicates Enhanced Risk for Arrhythmias and Sudden Cardiac Death in Myocardial Infarction in Pigs. J Am Heart Assoc 2024:e032405. [PMID: 38639363 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodic repolarization dynamics (PRD) is an electrocardiographic biomarker that captures repolarization instability in the low frequency spectrum and is believed to estimate the sympathetic effect on the ventricular myocardium. High PRD indicates an increased risk for postischemic sudden cardiac death (SCD). However, a direct link between PRD and proarrhythmogenic autonomic remodeling has not yet been shown. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated autonomic remodeling in pigs with myocardial infarction (MI)-related ischemic heart failure induced by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (n=17) compared with pigs without MI (n=11). Thirty days after MI, pigs demonstrated enhanced sympathetic innervation in the infarct area, border zone, and remote left ventricle paralleled by altered expression of autonomic marker genes/proteins. PRD was enhanced 30 days after MI compared with baseline (pre-MI versus post-MI: 1.75±0.30 deg2 versus 3.29±0.79 deg2, P<0.05) reflecting pronounced autonomic alterations on the level of the ventricular myocardium. Pigs with MI-related ventricular fibrillation and SCD had significantly higher pre-MI PRD than pigs without tachyarrhythmias, suggesting a potential role for PRD as a predictive biomarker for ischemia-related arrhythmias (no ventricular fibrillation versus ventricular fibrillation: 1.50±0.39 deg2 versus 3.18±0.53 deg2 [P<0.05]; no SCD versus SCD: 1.67±0.32 deg2 versus 3.91±0.63 deg2 [P<0.01]). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that ischemic heart failure leads to significant proarrhythmogenic autonomic remodeling. The concomitant elevation of PRD levels in pigs with ischemic heart failure and pigs with MI-related ventricular fibrillation/SCD suggests PRD as a biomarker for autonomic remodeling and as a potential predictive biomarker for ventricular arrhythmias/survival in the context of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bauer
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Julia Vlcek
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Valerie Pauly
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Nora Hesse
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Ruibing Xia
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Li Mo
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Aparna Sharma Chivukula
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Hannes Villgrater
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Marie Dressler
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Bianca Hildebrand
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Konstantinos D Rizas
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
| | - Axel Bauer
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- University Hospital for Internal Medicine III Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Philipp Tomsits
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Dominik Schüttler
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Sebastian Clauss
- Department of Medicine I University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich Munich Germany
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Mao C, Shen Z, Long D, Liu M, Xu X, Gao X, Lin Y, Wang X. Epidemiological study of pediatric nutritional deficiencies: an analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019. Nutr J 2024; 23:44. [PMID: 38637763 PMCID: PMC11027389 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional deficiencies (ND) continue to threaten the lives of millions of people around the world, with children being the worst hit. Nevertheless, no systematic study of the epidemiological features of child ND has been conducted so far. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively assess the burden of pediatric ND. METHODS We analyzed data on pediatric ND between 1990 and 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels. In addition, joinpoint regression models were used to assess temporal trends. RESULTS In 2019, the number of prevalent cases of childhood malnutrition increased to 435,071,628 globally. The global age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and DALY rates showed an increasing trend between 1990 and 2019. Meanwhile, the burden of child malnutrition was negatively correlated with sociodemographic index (SDI). Asia and Africa still carried the heaviest burden. The burden and trends of child malnutrition varied considerably across countries and regions. At the age level, we found that malnutrition was significantly more prevalent among children < 5 years of age. CONCLUSION Pediatric ND remains a major public health challenge, especially in areas with low SDI. Therefore, primary healthcare services in developing countries should be improved, and effective measures, such as enhanced pre-school education, strengthened nutritional support, and early and aggressive treatment, need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhan Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuyang Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojin Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xindong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Hong Y, Gao Z, Wei H, Wei Y, Qiu Z, Xiao J, Huang W. Bi-directional association of body size and composition with heart failure: A Mendelian randomization study. Int J Cardiol 2024:132069. [PMID: 38642721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of obesity on the development of heart failure (HF) has received attention, and this study intends to further explore the bidirectional association between body size or composition and HF by using Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach. DESIGN We performed a two-sample bidirectional MR study to investigate the association between body size or composition and the risk of HF using aggregated data from genome-wide association studies. Univariable MR analysis was used to investigate the causal relationship, and multivariable MR analysis was used to explore the mediating role of general and central obesity in the relationship between body size or composition and HF. RESULTS This forward MR study found that body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were risk factors for the development of HF with the strength of causal association BMI > FM > WC > FFM > WHR. After adjusting for BMI, the observed associations between the remaining indicators and heart failure attenuated to null. After adjusting for WC, only BMI (OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.32-1.92, P = 9.53E-07) and FM (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.20-1.62, P = 1.35E-0.5) kept significantly related to the risk of HF. Reverse MR analysis showed no association of changes in body size or composition with the onset of HF. CONCLUSION The two-sample bidirectional MR study found that general obesity, measured by BMI, was an independent indicator of the development of HF, while other related indicators were associated with HF incidence dependent on BMI, besides, no association was observed between HF diagnosis and the body size or composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Hong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ziting Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hongye Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yajing Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ziyi Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Center of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Wuqing Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Tas Elibol N, Behmen MB, Terlemez Ş, Konukseven Ö. Evaluation of Masseteric Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Patients With Migraine. Am J Audiol 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38635409 DOI: 10.1044/2024_aja-23-00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (mVEMP) involve the connection between the vestibular complex and trigeminal nerve nuclei. Given the theory that migraine is caused by increased activation of the trigeminal nerve, it is believed that mVEMP responses may have influenced in migraine patients. METHOD The study included 20 individuals with migraine and 20 healthy controls. Latency, amplitude, and interaural amplitude asymmetry ratio of mVEMP responses recorded in migraine patients were compared with control group. RESULTS Considering the mVEMP normalization study conducted by Başöz et al. (2021) in a similar age group and in the same clinic, latency prolongation and amplitude decrease were observed in subjects with migraines. Migraine is considered a central pathology, as shown in the cervical and ocular VEMP (cVEMP/oVEMP) literature. No difference was observed in the interaural amplitude asymmetry ratio, which is important in peripheral pathologies. Additionally, when the number of pathological ears was examined in order to understand the total exposure, it was observed that the number of pathological ears was significantly higher in the migraine group. CONCLUSION In future studies, using mVEMP together with cVEMP and oVEMP tests, which allow evaluation of otolith organs and vestibular nuclei, will be valuable in determining the lesion location. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25607901.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Tas Elibol
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Meliha Başöz Behmen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şengül Terlemez
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, İstanbul Aydin University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Konukseven
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, İstanbul Aydin University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Corral Acero J, Lamata P, Eitel I, Zacur E, Evertz R, Lange T, Backhaus SJ, Stiermaier T, Thiele H, Bueno-Orovio A, Schuster A, Grau V. Comprehensive characterization of cardiac contraction for improved post-infarction risk assessment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8951. [PMID: 38637609 PMCID: PMC11026383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59114-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims at identifying risk-related patterns of left ventricular contraction dynamics via novel volume transient characterization. A multicenter cohort of AMI survivors (n = 1021) who underwent Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) after infarction was considered for the study. The clinical endpoint was the 12-month rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE, n = 73), consisting of all-cause death, reinfarction, and new congestive heart failure. Cardiac function was characterized from CMR in 3 potential directions: by (1) volume temporal transients (i.e. contraction dynamics); (2) feature tracking strain analysis (i.e. bulk tissue peak contraction); and (3) 3D shape analysis (i.e. 3D contraction morphology). A fully automated pipeline was developed to extract conventional and novel artificial-intelligence-derived metrics of cardiac contraction, and their relationship with MACE was investigated. Any of the 3 proposed directions demonstrated its additional prognostic value on top of established CMR indexes, myocardial injury markers, basic characteristics, and cardiovascular risk factors (P < 0.001). The combination of these 3 directions of enhancement towards a final CMR risk model improved MACE prediction by 13% compared to clinical baseline (0.774 (0.771-0.777) vs. 0.683 (0.681-0.685) cross-validated AUC, P < 0.001). The study evidences the contribution of the novel contraction characterization, enabled by a fully automated pipeline, to post-infarction assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Corral Acero
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Pablo Lamata
- Department of Digital Twins for Healthcare, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor North Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Ingo Eitel
- Medical Clinic II, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ernesto Zacur
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ruben Evertz
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Torben Lange
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sören J Backhaus
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Kerckhoff of the Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff-Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Stiermaier
- Medical Clinic II, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Leipzig Heart Science, Heart Centre Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Schuster
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vicente Grau
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Ding H, Zhang XL, Guo A, Lee QP, Cai C, Li M, Cao H, Liu XW. A Strain-Promoted Divergent Chemical Steroidation Unveils Potent Anti-Inflammatory Pseudo-Steroidal Glycosides. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38635880 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The development of novel agents with immunoregulatory effects is a keen way to combat the growing threat of inflammatory storms to global health. To synthesize pseudo-steroidal glycosides tethered by ether bonds with promising immunomodulatory potential, we develop herein a highly effective deoxygenative functionalization of a novel steroidal donor (steroidation) facilitated by strain-release, leveraging cost-effective and readily available Sc(OTf)3 catalysis. This transformation produces a transient steroid-3-yl carbocation which readily reacts with O-, C-, N-, S-, and P-nucleophiles to generate structurally diverse steroid derivatives. DFT calculations were performed to shed light on the mechanistic details of the regioselectivity, underlying an acceptor-dependent steroidation mode. This approach can be readily extended to the etherification of sugar alcohols to enable the achievement of a diversity-oriented, pipeline-like synthesis of pseudo-steroidal glycosides in good to excellent yields with complete stereo- and regiospecific control for anti-inflammatory agent discovery. Immunological studies have demonstrated that a meticulously designed cholesteryl disaccharide can significantly suppress interleukin-6 secretion in macrophages, exhibiting up to 99% inhibition rates compared to the negative control. These findings affirm the potential of pseudo-steroidal glycosides as a prospective category of lead agents for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ding
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003 China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Aoxin Guo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Qian Ping Lee
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003 China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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85
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Toniolo J, Ngoungou EB, Preux PM, Beloni P. Role and knowledge of nurses in the management of non-communicable diseases in Africa: A scoping review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297165. [PMID: 38635822 PMCID: PMC11025970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 31.4 million people in low- and middle-income countries die from chronic diseases annually, particularly in Africa. To address this, strategies such as task-shifting from doctors to nurses have been proposed and have been endorsed by the World Health Organization as a potential solution; however, no comprehensive review exists describing the extent of nurse-led chronic disease management in Africa. AIMS This study aimed to provide a thorough description of the current roles of nurses in managing chronic diseases in Africa, identify their levels of knowledge, the challenges, and gaps they encounter in this endeavor. METHODS We performed a scoping review following the key points of the Cochrane Handbook, and two researchers independently realized each step. Searches were conducted using five databases: MEDLINE, PyscINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Embase, between October 2021 and April 2023. A descriptive analysis of the included studies was conducted, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the Downs and Black Scale. RESULTS Our scoping review included 111 studies from 20 African countries, with South Africa, Nigeria, and Ghana being the most represented. Findings from the included studies revealed varying levels of knowledge. Nurses were found to be actively involved in managing common chronic diseases from diagnosis to treatment. Facilitating factors included comprehensive training, close supervision by physicians, utilization of decision trees, and mentorship. However, several barriers were identified, such as a shortage of nurses, lack of essential materials, and inadequate initial training. CONCLUSION There is significant potential for nurses to enhance the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic diseases in Africa. Achieving this requires a combination of rigorous training and effective supervision, supported by robust policies. To address varying levels of knowledge, tailored training programs should be devised. Further research is warranted to establish the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions on population health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Toniolo
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT ‐ Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
- Département d’Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Informatique Médicale (DEBIM)/ Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie des Maladies Chroniques et Santé Environnement (UREMCSE), Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Owendo, Gabon
- Département Universitaire de Sciences Infirmières, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Edgard Brice Ngoungou
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT ‐ Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
- Département d’Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Informatique Médicale (DEBIM)/ Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie des Maladies Chroniques et Santé Environnement (UREMCSE), Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Owendo, Gabon
- Centre d’Epidémiologie, de Biostatistique, et de Méthodologie de la Recherche-Gabon (CEBIMER-Gabon), Institut Supérieur de Biologie Médicale (ISBM), Université des Sciences de la Santé, Owendo, Gabon
| | - Pierre-Marie Preux
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT ‐ Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
| | - Pascale Beloni
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT ‐ Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
- Département Universitaire de Sciences Infirmières, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
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Room SA, Chiu YC, Pan SY, Chen YC, Hsiao TC, Chou CCK, Hussain M, Chi KH. A comprehensive examination of temporal-seasonal variations of PM 1.0 and PM 2.5 in taiwan before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33174-4. [PMID: 38632201 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 has been a significant global concern due to its contagious nature. In May 2021, Taiwan experienced a severe outbreak, leading the government to enforce strict Pandemic Alert Level 3 restrictions in order to curtail its spread. Although previous studies in Taiwan have examined the effects of these measures on air quality, further research is required to compare different time periods and assess the health implications of reducing particulate matter during the Level 3 lockdown. Herein, we analyzed the mass concentrations, chemical compositions, seasonal variations, sources, and potential health risks of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Central Taiwan before and during the Level 3 lockdown. As a result, coal-fired boilers (47%) and traffic emissions (53%) were identified as the predominant sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM1.0, while in PM2.5, the dominant sources of PAHs were coal-fired boilers (28%), traffic emissions (50%), and iron and steel sinter plants (22.1%). Before the pandemic, a greater value of 20.9 ± 6.92 μg/m3 was observed for PM2.5, which decreased to 15.3 ± 2.51 μg/m3 during the pandemic due to a reduction in industrial and anthropogenic emissions. Additionally, prior to the pandemic, PM1.0 had a contribution rate of 79% to PM2.5, which changed to 89% during the pandemic. Similarly, BaPeq values in PM2.5 exhibited a comparable trend, with PM1.0 contributing 86% and 65% respectively. In both periods, the OC/EC ratios for PM1.0 and PM2.5 were above 2, due to secondary organic compounds. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) of PAHs in PM2.5 decreased by 4.03 × 10-5 during the pandemic, with PM1.0 contributing 73% due to reduced anthropogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzada Amani Room
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yi Chen Chiu
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Shih Yu Pan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Majid Hussain
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Haripur, 22620, Hattar Road, Haripur City, KP, Pakistan
| | - Kai Hsien Chi
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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de Montalembert M, Anderson A, Costa FF, Inusa BPD, Jastaniah W, Kunz JB, Tinga B, Ingoli E, James J, Hartfield R, Beaubrun A, Lartey B, Odame I. Sickle Cell Health Awareness, Perspectives, and Experiences (SHAPE) survey: Perspectives of adolescent and adult patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals on the burden of sickle cell disease. Eur J Haematol 2024. [PMID: 38634725 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder that causes lifelong complications, substantially impacting the physical and emotional well-being of patients and their caregivers. Studies investigating the effects of SCD on quality of life (QOL) are often limited to individual countries, lack SCD-specific QOL questionnaires, and exclude the caregiver experience. The SHAPE survey aimed to broaden the understanding of the global burden of SCD on patients and their caregivers and to capture the viewpoint of healthcare providers (HCPs). METHODS A total of 919 patients, 207 caregivers, and 219 HCPs from 10, 9, and 8 countries, respectively, answered a series of closed-ended questions about their experiences with SCD. RESULTS The symptoms most frequently reported by patients were fatigue/tiredness (84%) and pain/vaso-occlusive crises (71%). Patients' fatigue/tiredness had one of the greatest impacts on both patients' and caregivers' QOL. On average, patients and caregivers reported missing 7.5 days and 5.0 days per month, respectively, of school or work. HCPs reported a need for effective tools to treat fatigue/tiredness and a desire for more support to educate patients on long-term SCD-related health risks. CONCLUSIONS The multifaceted challenges identified using the SHAPE survey highlight the global need to improve both patient and caregiver QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane de Montalembert
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sickle Cell Center, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alan Anderson
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, PRISMA Health Comprehensive SCD Program, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Fernando F Costa
- Haematology and Haemotherapy Centre, School of Medicine, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Baba P D Inusa
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Wasil Jastaniah
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Hematology Bone Marrow Transplant, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Joachim B Kunz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Biba Tinga
- Sickle Cell Disease Association of Canada, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elvie Ingoli
- IST e.V., German Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassaemia Association, Eschweiler, Germany
| | | | - Regina Hartfield
- Sickle Cell Disease Association of America, Inc., Hanover, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Isaac Odame
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Vakilzadeh MM, Khayami R, Daneshdoust D, Moshfeghinia R, Sharifnezhad F, Taghiabadi Z, Moghadam HK, Karimi MA, Ghorbani A, Taqanaki PB, Boojar N, Azarshab A, Shahidsales S, Mahmoudian RA. Prevalence of tobacco use among cancer patients in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1081. [PMID: 38637741 PMCID: PMC11027381 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of tobacco use among various cancer types in Iran remains a significant concern, necessitating a comprehensive analysis to understand the extent and patterns of consumption. This study aimed to systematically review and analyze existing literature to delineate the prevalence of tobacco use across different cancer types in Iran, thereby providing a robust basis for future interventions and policy formulations. METHODS Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature available in PubMed and Scopus databases. The initial search identified 351 records, out of which 44 studies were selected based on their relevance and design. These studies spanned various time frames, starting from the 2001s up until 2022, and encompassed diverse geographical locations and cancer types in Iran. To avoid bias and potential data overlap, we opted to incorporate a single comprehensive study from the Golestan Cohort, encompassing all data, while excluding 10 other studies. Our final analysis incorporated data from 34 studies, which accounted for 15,425 patients and 5,890 reported smokers. Statistical analyses were performed to calculate the overall proportion of tobacco consumption and to conduct subgroup analyses based on different variables such as cancer types, gender, geographical locations, and types of tobacco used. RESULTS The analysis revealed a substantial prevalence of tobacco use among cancer patients in Iran, with an overall consumption rate of 43%. This rate varied significantly, ranging from 10 to 88% across individual studies. Subgroup analyses further highlighted disparities in tobacco consumption rates across different demographics, geographic areas, and cancer types. Notably, the 'ever' smokers category exhibited the highest prevalence of tobacco use. The study also identified a worrying trend of high cigarette smoking rates, along with variable consumption patterns of other forms of tobacco, including waterpipe, 'Naas', and 'Pipe'. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis underscores a significant association between tobacco consumption and various cancer types in Iran, with a prevalence rate among cancer patients being three times higher than the average Iranian population. The findings indicate substantial heterogeneity in tobacco use patterns, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address this pressing health issue. The study serves as a critical resource for shaping future policies and strategies aimed at curbing tobacco use and mitigating its adverse effects on cancer prevalence in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Khayami
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Reza Moshfeghinia
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzad Sharifnezhad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Taghiabadi
- Department of Microbiology and Virology of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Karimi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atousa Ghorbani
- Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nima Boojar
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Adele Azarshab
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Tagder P, Alfonso-Mora ML, Díaz-Vidal D, Quino-Ávila AC, Méndez JL, Sandoval-Cuellar C, Monsalve-Jaramillo E, Giné-Garriga M. Semiparametric modeling for the cardiometabolic risk index and individual risk factors in the older adult population: A novel proposal. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299032. [PMID: 38635675 PMCID: PMC11025852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The accurate monitoring of metabolic syndrome in older adults is relevant in terms of its early detection, and its management. This study aimed at proposing a novel semiparametric modeling for a cardiometabolic risk index (CMRI) and individual risk factors in older adults. METHODS Multivariate semiparametric regression models were used to study the association between the CMRI with the individual risk factors, which was achieved using secondary analysis the data from the SABE study (Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Colombia, 2015). RESULTS The risk factors were selected through a stepwise procedure. The covariates included showed evidence of non-linear relationships with the CMRI, revealing non-linear interactions between: BMI and age (p< 0.00); arm and calf circumferences (p<0.00); age and females (p<0.00); walking speed and joint pain (p<0.02); and arm circumference and joint pain (p<0.00). CONCLUSIONS Semiparametric modeling explained 24.5% of the observed deviance, which was higher than the 18.2% explained by the linear model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Tagder
- Fisioterapia, Universidad de Boyacá Sede Tunja, Colombia
- Real World Evidence, IQVIA, Belgium
| | | | - Diana Díaz-Vidal
- Fisioterapia, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud- Grupo GIMHUS, Universidad de San Buenaventura-Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | - Juliana Lever Méndez
- Fisioterapia, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | | | | | - María Giné-Garriga
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
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Choe RH, Kuzemchak BC, Kotsanos GJ, Mirdamadi E, Sherry M, Devoy E, Lowe T, Packer JD, Fisher JP. Designing Biomimetic 3D-Printed Osteochondral Scaffolds for Enhanced Load-Bearing Capacity. Tissue Eng Part A 2024. [PMID: 38481121 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a debilitating chronic joint disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Since palliative and surgical treatments cannot completely regenerate hyaline cartilage within the articulating joint, osteochondral (OC) tissue engineering has been explored to heal OC defects. Utilizing computational simulations and three-dimensional (3D) printing, we aimed to build rationale around fabricating OC scaffolds with enhanced biomechanics. First, computational simulations revealed that interfacial fibrils within a bilayer alter OC scaffold deformation patterns by redirecting load-induced stresses toward the top of the cartilage layer. Principal component analysis revealed that scaffolds with 800 μm long fibrils (scaffolds 8A-8H) possessed optimal biomechanical properties to withstand compression and shear forces. While compression testing indicated that OC scaffolds with 800 μm fibrils did not have greater compressive moduli than other scaffolds, interfacial shear tests indicated that scaffold 8H possessed the greatest shear strength. Lastly, failure analysis demonstrated that yielding or buckling models describe interfacial fibril failure depending on fibril slenderness S. Specifically for scaffolds with packing density n = 6 and n = 8, the yielding failure model fits experimental loads with S < 10, while the buckling model fitted scaffolds with S < 10 slenderness. The research presented provides critical insights into designing 3D printed interfacial scaffolds with refined biomechanics toward improving OC tissue engineering outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Choe
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Blake C Kuzemchak
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - George J Kotsanos
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Eman Mirdamadi
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Sherry
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Eoin Devoy
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Tao Lowe
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan D Packer
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John P Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Adoboi F, Mohammed A, Duodu PA, Aboagye RG, Seidu AA, Wongnaah FG, Ahinkorah BO. Sex-related inequalities in crude and age-standardized suicide rates: trends in Ghana from 2000 to 2019. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1070. [PMID: 38632578 PMCID: PMC11022425 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide represents a major public health concern, affecting a significant portion of individuals. However, there remains a gap in understanding the age and sex disparities in the occurrence of suicide. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the sex-related inequalities in suicide rates in Ghana from 2000 to 2019. METHODS We utilized data from the WHO Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) online software. We analysed sex differences in both crude and age-standardized suicide rates in Ghana spanning from 2000 to 2019. Crude and age-adjusted suicide rates were calculated based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) definition and coding of suicide mortality. We measured inequality in terms of sex. Two inequality indicators were used to examine the suicide rates: the difference (D) and the ratio (R). RESULTS Age-standardized and crude suicide rates in Ghana were higher among men from 2000 to 2019. Between 2000 and 2007, the age-standardized suicide rate for women rose steadily and declined slightly between 2008 and 2019. Age-standardized suicide rates for men increased consistently from 2000 to 2010, then declined steadily from 2011 to 2019. The crude suicide rates among men and women followed similar patterns. The widest absolute inequality in crude suicide rates (D) was recorded in 2013 (D=-11.91), while the smallest difference was observed in 2000 (D=-7.16). We also found the greatest disparity in age-standardized rates in 2011 (D=-21.46) and the least in 2000 (D=-14.32). The crude suicide rates increased with age for both men and women aged 15-54 years and 55-85+ years respectively. However, the increased rate was higher in men than in women across all age groups surveyed. A similar pattern was observed for relative inequality in both crude and age-standardized rates of suicide. CONCLUSION The suicide rate in Ghana has declined over time. Suicide is more common among older men. Inequalities in suicide rates, in both absolute and relative terms, are similar. There is a need to monitor suicide trends in Ghana, especially among older men. Moreover, the findings could serve as a basis for future studies on suicide in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustina Adoboi
- Cape Coast Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Aliu Mohammed
- Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Precious Adade Duodu
- Department of Nursing, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, England, UK
| | - Richard Gyan Aboagye
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, 2052, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Family and Community Health, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.
| | - Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Gender and Advocacy, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi, P.O. Box 256, Ghana
- REMS Consultancy Services Limited, Sekondi-Takoradi, Western Region, Ghana
| | | | - Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
- REMS Consultancy Services Limited, Sekondi-Takoradi, Western Region, Ghana
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Liu PPS, Chang HR, Hsu JY, Huang HK, Loh CH, Yeh JI. Association between holiday and weekend admissions and mortality outcomes among patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving percutaneous coronary intervention in Taiwan. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8892. [PMID: 38632335 PMCID: PMC11023946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59571-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of studies that concurrently differentiate the effect of the holiday season from the weekend effect on mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We evaluated the mortality risk among patients admitted with AMI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Adult AMI patients admitted during January and February between 2013 and 2020 were enrolled and classified into the holiday season (using the Chinese New Year holiday seasons as an indicator) (n = 1729), weekend (n = 4725), and weekday (n = 14,583) groups according to the first day of admission. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the risk. With the weekday group or the weekend group as the reference, the holiday season group did not have increased risks of in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.15; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.93-1.42 or aOR 1.23; 95% CI 0.96-1.56) and 7-day mortality (aOR 1.20; 95% CI 0.90-1.58 or aOR 1.24; 95% CI 0.90-1.70). Stratified and subgroup analyses showed similar trends. We conclude that holiday season-initiated admissions were not associated with higher mortality risks in AMI admission cases than weekday or weekend admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Pin-Sung Liu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center for Healthy Longevity, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Ren Chang
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Yi Hsu
- Center for Aging and Health, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Kai Huang
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Chung Yang Rd., Hualien, 97002, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Loh
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center for Aging and Health, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jih-I Yeh
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Department of Family Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Chung Yang Rd., Hualien, 97002, Taiwan.
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93
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Lin L, Dacal E, Díez N, Carmona C, Martin Ramirez A, Barón Argos L, Bermejo-Peláez D, Caballero C, Cuadrado D, Darias-Plasencia O, García-Villena J, Bakarjiev A, Postigo M, Recalde-Jaramillo E, Flores-Chavez M, Santos A, Ledesma-Carbayo MJ, Rubio JM, Luengo-Oroz M. Edge Artificial Intelligence (AI) for real-time automatic quantification of filariasis in mobile microscopy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012117. [PMID: 38630833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Filariasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by roundworms, is a significant public health concern in many tropical countries. Microscopic examination of blood samples can detect and differentiate parasite species, but it is time consuming and requires expert microscopists, a resource that is not always available. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) can assist in the diagnosis of this disease by automatically detecting and differentiating microfilariae. In line with the target product profile for lymphatic filariasis as defined by the World Health Organization, we developed an edge AI system running on a smartphone whose camera is aligned with the ocular of an optical microscope that detects and differentiates filarias species in real time without the internet connection. Our object detection algorithm that uses the Single-Shot Detection (SSD) MobileNet V2 detection model was developed with 115 cases, 85 cases with 1903 fields of view and 3342 labels for model training, and 30 cases with 484 fields of view and 873 labels for model validation before clinical validation, is able to detect microfilarias at 10x magnification and distinguishes four species of them at 40x magnification: Loa loa, Mansonella perstans, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Brugia malayi. We validated our augmented microscopy system in the clinical environment by replicating the diagnostic workflow encompassed examinations at 10x and 40x with the assistance of the AI models analyzing 18 samples with the AI running on a middle range smartphone. It achieved an overall precision of 94.14%, recall of 91.90% and F1 score of 93.01% for the screening algorithm and 95.46%, 97.81% and 96.62% for the species differentiation algorithm respectively. This innovative solution has the potential to support filariasis diagnosis and monitoring, particularly in resource-limited settings where access to expert technicians and laboratory equipment is scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Spotlab, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Claudia Carmona
- Malaria and Emerging Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Martin Ramirez
- Malaria and Emerging Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC) Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Barón Argos
- Malaria and Emerging Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ethan Recalde-Jaramillo
- Spotlab, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Flores-Chavez
- Malaria and Emerging Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Mundo Sano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Santos
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Ledesma-Carbayo
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Rubio
- Malaria and Emerging Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC) Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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López-Cerdá S, Molinaro G, Tello RP, Correia A, Künig S, Steinberger P, Jeltsch M, Hirvonen JT, Barreto G, Stöckl J, Santos HA. Study of the Synergistic Immunomodulatory and Antifibrotic Effects of Dual-Loaded Budesonide and Serpine1 siRNA Lipid-Polymer Nanoparticles Targeting Macrophage Dysregulation in Tendinopathy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:18643-18657. [PMID: 38564504 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal diseases involving tissue injury comprise tendon, ligament, and muscle injury. Recently, macrophages have been identified as key players in the tendon repair process, but no therapeutic strategy involving dual drug delivery and gene delivery to macrophages has been developed for targeting the two main dysregulated aspects of macrophages in tendinopathy, i.e., inflammation and fibrosis. Herein, the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of dual-loaded budesonide and serpine1 siRNA lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) are evaluated in murine and human macrophage cells. The modulation of the gene and protein expression of factors associated with inflammation and fibrosis in tendinopathy is demonstrated by real time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype and a decrease in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines are confirmed in macrophage cell lines and primary cells. The increase in the activity of a matrix metalloproteinase involved in tissue remodelling is proven, and studies evaluating the interactions of LPNs with T cells proved that dual-loaded LPNs act specifically on macrophages and do not induce any collateral effects on T cells. Overall, these dual-loaded LPNs are a promising combinatorial therapeutic strategy with immunomodulatory and antifibrotic effects in dysregulated macrophages in the context of tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra López-Cerdá
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Giuseppina Molinaro
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Rubén Pareja Tello
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Sarojinidevi Künig
- Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Jeltsch
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Helsinki One Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Jouni T Hirvonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Goncalo Barreto
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Orton Orthopedic Hospital, Tenholantie 10, Helsinki 00280, Finland
- Medical Ultrasonics Laboratory (MEDUSA), Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Kong L, Liu Y, Li J, Wang Y, Ji P, Shi Q, Han M, Xu H, Li W, Li W. Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates chronic inflammation-induced neuronal ferroptosis and cognitive impairments via regulation of AIM2 - Nrf2 signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 330:118205. [PMID: 38641079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ginseng is a valuable herb in traditional Chinese medicine. Modern research has shown that it has various benefits, including tonifying vital energy, nourishing and strengthening the body, calming the mind, improving cognitive function, regulating fluids, and returning blood pressure, etc. Rg1 is a primary active component of ginseng. It protects hippocampal neurons, improves synaptic plasticity, enhances cognitive function, and boosts immunity. Furthermore, it exhibits anti-aging and anti-fatigue properties and holds great potential for preventing and managing neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to examine the role of Rg1 in treating chronic inflammatory NDDs and its molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo, we investigated the protective effects of Rg1 against chronic neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits in mice induced by 200 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 21 days using behavioral tests, pathological sections, Western blot, qPCR and immunostaining. In vitro experiments involved the stimulation of HT22 cells with 10 μg/ml of LPS, verification of the therapeutic effect of Rg1, and elucidation of its potential mechanism of action using H2DCFDA staining, BODIPY™ 581/591 C11, JC-1 staining, Western blot, and immunostaining. RESULTS Firstly, it was found that Rg1 significantly improved chronic LPS-induced behavioral and cognitive dysfunction in mice. Further studies showed that Rg1 significantly attenuated LPS-induced neuronal damage by reducing levels of IL-6, IL-1β and ROS, and inhibiting AIM2 inflammasome. Furthermore, chronic LPS exposure induced the onset of neuronal ferroptosis by increasing the lipid peroxidation product MDA and regulating the ferroptosis-associated proteins Gpx4, xCT, FSP1, DMT1 and TfR, which were reversed by Rg1 treatment. Additionally, Rg1 was found to activate Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant enzymes, such as HO1 and NQO1, both in vivo and in vitro. In vitro studies also showed that the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 could inhibit the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-ferroptosis effects of Rg1. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that Rg1 administration ameliorated chronic LPS-induced cognitive deficits and neuronal ferroptosis in mice by inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The underlying mechanisms may be related to the inhibition of AIM2 inflammasome and activation of Nrf2 signaling. These findings provide valuable insights into the treatment of chronic neuroinflammation and associated NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Pengmin Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Qifeng Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Min Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Hanyang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Weizu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Cheema HA, Jafar U, Shahid A, Masood W, Usman M, Hermis AH, Naseem MA, Sahra S, Sah R, Lee KY. Colchicine for the treatment of patients with COVID-19: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e074373. [PMID: 38631824 PMCID: PMC11029412 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of colchicine treatment on clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, medRxiv and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to January 2023. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy of colchicine treatment in patients with COVID-19 as compared with placebo or standard of care were included. There were no language restrictions. Studies that used colchicine prophylactically were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS We extracted all information relating to the study characteristics, such as author names, location, study population, details of intervention and comparator groups, and our outcomes of interest. We conducted our meta-analysis by using RevMan V.5.4 with risk ratio (RR) and mean difference as the effect measures. RESULTS We included 23 RCTs (28 249 participants) in this systematic review. Colchicine did not decrease the risk of mortality (RR 0.99; 95% CI 0.93 to 1.05; I2=0%; 20 RCTs, 25 824 participants), with the results being consistent among both hospitalised and non-hospitalised patients. There were no significant differences between the colchicine and control groups in other relevant clinical outcomes, including the incidence of mechanical ventilation (RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.48 to 1.18; p=0.22; I2=40%; 8 RCTs, 13 262 participants), intensive care unit admission (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.49 to 1.22; p=0.27; I2=0%; 6 RCTs, 961 participants) and hospital admission (RR 0.74; 95% CI 0.48 to 1.16; p=0.19; I2=70%; 3 RCTs, 8572 participants). CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis do not support the use of colchicine as a treatment for reducing the risk of mortality or improving other relevant clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. However, RCTs investigating early treatment with colchicine (within 5 days of symptom onset or in patients with early-stage disease) are needed to fully elucidate the potential benefits of colchicine in this patient population. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022369850.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uzair Jafar
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abia Shahid
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waniyah Masood
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Alaa Hamza Hermis
- Nursing College, Al-Mustaqbal University, 51001 Hillah, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | - Syeda Sahra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ka Yiu Lee
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
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Moreno KGT, Marques AAM, da Silva GP, Bertoncelo LA, Pessoal LB, Gonçalves LD, Dos Santos AC, Souza RIC, Silva DB, Gasparotto Junior A. Cardioprotective Effects of Aloysia polystachya Essential Oil on a Rat Model with Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Planta Med 2024. [PMID: 38631368 DOI: 10.1055/a-2294-6922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Traditional medicine is a frequently utilized method to treat cardiovascular disease and its primary risk factors, including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Aloysia polystachya is a species that is commonly employed to treat various pathological conditions, and it has already been identified as having some cardioprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of A. polystachya in a rat model that simulates multiple cardiovascular risk factors. We evaluate the acute toxicity, as well as the cardioprotective effects, by giving different doses of A. polystachya essential oil (1.47 mg/kg, 4.40 mg/kg, and 13.20 mg/kg) over a period of 42 days. The control group was treated with rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg). At the end of the treatments, the renal function, electrocardiography, blood pressure, vascular reactivity, serum biochemical profile, and organ histopathology were evaluated. The main compounds identified in the essential oil of A. polystachya using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry were beta-myrcene (1.08%), limonene (40.13%), and carvone (56.47%). The essential oil of A. polystachya not only lacks acute toxicity but also mitigates the reduction in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and creatinine in urine. Furthermore, it reduces electrocardiographic abnormalities and decreases blood pressure levels. Moreover, this treatment prevents an elevation in markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the bloodstream. Our findings indicate significant cardioprotective effects of the essential oil of A. polystachya against multiple risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne Garcia Tafarelo Moreno
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Aline Aparecida Macedo Marques
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Pereira da Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Luana Ale Bertoncelo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Luciane Barbosa Pessoal
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Dantas Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Ariany Carvalho Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Histopathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry (LAPNEM), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
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van den Berg H, Bashar K, Chowdhury R, Bhatt RM, Gupta HP, Kumar A, Sabesan S, Shriram AN, Konuganti HKR, Sinha ATS, Sedaghat MM, Enayati A, Hassan HM, Najmee AS, Saleem S, Uranw S, Kusumawathie PHD, Perera D, Esmail MA, Carrington LB, Al-Eryani SM, Kumari R, Nagpal BN, Sultana S, Velayudhan R, Yadav RS. Perceived needs of disease vector control programs: A review and synthesis of (sub)national assessments from South Asia and the Middle East. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0011451. [PMID: 38630832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Systems for disease vector control should be effective, efficient, and flexible to be able to tackle contemporary challenges and threats in the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases. As a priority activity towards the strengthening of vector control systems, it has been advocated that countries conduct a vector-control needs assessment. A review was carried out of the perceived needs for disease vector control programs among eleven countries and subnational states in South Asia and the Middle East. In each country or state, independent teams conducted vector control needs assessment with engagement of stakeholders. Important weaknesses were described for malaria, dengue and leishmaniases regarding vector surveillance, insecticide susceptibility testing, monitoring and evaluation of operations, entomological capacity and laboratory infrastructure. In addition, community mobilization and intersectoral collaboration showed important gaps. Countries and states expressed concern about insecticide resistance that could reduce the continued effectiveness of interventions, which demands improved monitoring. Moreover, attainment of disease elimination necessitates enhanced vector surveillance. Vector control needs assessment provided a useful planning tool for systematic strengthening of vector control systems. A limitation in conducting the vector control needs assessment was that it is time- and resource-intensive. To increase the feasibility and utility of national assessments, an abridged version of the guidance should focus on operationally relevant topics of the assessment. Similar reviews are needed in other regions with different contextual conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk van den Berg
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kabirul Bashar
- Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Chowdhury
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, and Department of Public Health, Independent University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- World Health Organization Country Office for Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Ashwani Kumar
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry, India
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahmadali Enayati
- School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Surendra Uranw
- B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | | | | | - Mohammed A Esmail
- National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Public Health & Population, Sana'a, Yemen
| | | | - Samira M Al-Eryani
- Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Roop Kumari
- World Health Organization Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhupender N Nagpal
- Regional Office for South-East Asia, World Health Organization, New Delhi, India
| | - Sabera Sultana
- World Health Organization Country Office for Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Raman Velayudhan
- Veterinary Public Health, Vector Control and Environment Unit, Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rajpal S Yadav
- Veterinary Public Health, Vector Control and Environment Unit, Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
- Academy of Public Health Entomology, Udaipur, India
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Liang W, Li R, Chen G, Ma H, Han A, Hu Q, Xie N, Wei J, Shen H, Wang X, Xiang H. Long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter is associated with prognosis in people living with HIV/AIDS: Evidence from a longitudinal study. Sci Total Environ 2024; 928:172453. [PMID: 38641108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the association between particulate matter (PM) exposure and prognosis in people living with HIV/AIDS (PWHA) is scarce. We aim to investigate the associations of long-term exposure to PM with AIDS-related deaths and complications. METHODS We collected follow-up information on 7444 PWHAs from 2000 to 2021 from the HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System of the Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The AIDS-related deaths and complications were assessed by physicians every 3 to 6 months, and the monthly average PM concentrations for each PWHA were extracted from the China High Air Pollutants dataset. We employed time-varying Cox regression models to evaluate the associations of the average cumulative PM exposure concentrations with AIDS-related deaths and complications, as well as the mediating effects of AIDS-related complications in PM-induced AIDS-related deaths. RESULTS For each 1 μg/m3 increase in PM1, PM2.5, and PM10, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for AIDS-related deaths were 1.021 (1.009, 1.033), 1.012 (1.005, 1.020), and 1.010 (1.005, 1.015), respectively; and the HRs for AIDS-related complications were 1.049 (1.034, 1.064), 1.029 (1.020, 1.038), and 1.031 (1.024, 1.037), respectively. AIDS-related complications mediated 18.38 % and 18.68 % of the association of exposure to PM1 and PM2.5 with AIDS-related deaths, respectively. The association of PM exposure with AIDS-related deaths was more significant in older PWHA. Meanwhile, the association between PM exposure and AIDS-related complications was stronger in PWHA with a BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure to PM is positively associated with AIDS-related deaths and complications, and AIDS-related complications have mediating effects in PM-induced AIDS-related deaths. Our evidence emphasizes that enhanced protection against PM exposure for PWHAs is an additional mitigation strategy to reduce AIDS-related deaths and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ruihan Li
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hongfei Ma
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan 430024, China
| | - Aojing Han
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qilin Hu
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Nianhua Xie
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan 430024, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Huanfeng Shen
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan 430024, China.
| | - Hao Xiang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
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100
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Espin A, Irazusta J, Aiestaran M, Latorre Erezuma U, García-García J, Arrinda I, Acedo K, Rodriguez-Larrad A. Videoconference-Supervised Group Exercise Reduces Low Back Pain in Eldercare Workers: Results from the ReViEEW Randomised Controlled Trial. J Occup Rehabil 2024:10.1007/s10926-024-10182-2. [PMID: 38632115 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-024-10182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effects of a group exercise intervention conducted by real-time videoconference on the low back pain of eldercare workers. METHODS We randomly assigned 130 eldercare workers to an experimental group (EG: n = 65) or control group (CG: n = 65). Participants from both groups took part in routine prevention programs carried out in their workplace, and participants from the EG received an additional 12-week resistance-exercise intervention supervised by real-time videoconference. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention, and the primary outcome was average low back pain intensity during the last 7 days, measured by the 0-10 numerical rating scale. Secondary outcomes included additional measures of low back, neck, shoulder and hand/wrist pain, as well as psycho-affective parameters, medication consumption and muscle performance. Both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were applied with a group-by-time ANCOVA including baseline measurements as covariates. RESULTS 125 participants completed post-intervention assessments (EG: n = 63, CG: n = 62). The intention-to-treat analysis showed an effect favouring the EG on average low back pain intensity (p = 0.034). Improvements in additional low back and hand/wrist pain outcomes were also observed, as well as on upper limb muscle performance (p < 0.05). The per-protocol analysis demonstrated additional benefits in depression, quality of life, hypnotic/anxiolytic medication consumption and lower limb and trunk muscle performance in participants with ≥ 50% adherence (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The intervention was effective for reducing the low back and hand/wrist pain of eldercare workers and increasing upper limb muscle performance. The per-protocol analysis showed additional benefits in psycho-affective parameters, medication consumption and muscle performance. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05050526. Registered 20 September 2021-Prospectively registered, https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov/study/NCT05050526.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ander Espin
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.
| | - Jon Irazusta
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Maialen Aiestaran
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Unai Latorre Erezuma
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Julia García-García
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Rodriguez-Larrad
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
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