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Iida H, Kono T, Lee CC, Krishnan P, Arvin MC, Weaver SA, Jarvela TS, Branco RCS, McLaughlin MR, Bone RN, Tong X, Arvan P, Lindberg I, Evans-Molina C. SERCA2 regulates proinsulin processing and processing enzyme maturation in pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2023; 66:2042-2061. [PMID: 37537395 PMCID: PMC10542743 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Increased circulating levels of incompletely processed insulin (i.e. proinsulin) are observed clinically in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have suggested that Ca2+ signalling within beta cells regulates insulin processing and secretion; however, the mechanisms that link impaired Ca2+ signalling with defective insulin maturation remain incompletely understood. METHODS We generated mice with beta cell-specific sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase-2 (SERCA2) deletion (βS2KO mice) and used an INS-1 cell line model of SERCA2 deficiency. Whole-body metabolic phenotyping, Ca2+ imaging, RNA-seq and protein processing assays were used to determine how loss of SERCA2 impacts beta cell function. To test key findings in human model systems, cadaveric islets were treated with diabetogenic stressors and prohormone convertase expression patterns were characterised. RESULTS βS2KO mice exhibited age-dependent glucose intolerance and increased plasma and pancreatic levels of proinsulin, while endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ levels and glucose-stimulated Ca2+ synchronicity were reduced in βS2KO islets. Islets isolated from βS2KO mice and SERCA2-deficient INS-1 cells showed decreased expression of the active forms of the proinsulin processing enzymes PC1/3 and PC2. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining revealed mis-location and abnormal accumulation of proinsulin and proPC2 in the intermediate region between the ER and the Golgi (i.e. the ERGIC) and in the cis-Golgi in beta cells of βS2KO mice. Treatment of islets from human donors without diabetes with high glucose and palmitate concentrations led to reduced expression of the active forms of the proinsulin processing enzymes, thus phenocopying the findings observed in βS2KO islets and SERCA2-deficient INS-1 cells. Similar findings were observed in wild-type mouse islets treated with brefeldin A, a compound that perturbs ER-to-Golgi trafficking. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Taken together, these data highlight an important link between ER Ca2+ homeostasis and proinsulin processing in beta cells. Our findings suggest a model whereby chronic ER Ca2+ depletion due to SERCA2 deficiency impairs the spatial regulation of prohormone trafficking, processing and maturation within the secretory pathway. DATA AVAILABILITY RNA-seq data have been deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO; accession no.: GSE207498).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Iida
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuyoshi Kono
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chih-Chun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Preethi Krishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew C Arvin
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Staci A Weaver
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Timothy S Jarvela
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Renato C S Branco
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Madeline R McLaughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Robert N Bone
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Iris Lindberg
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Zhou F, He X, Liu D, Ye Y, Tian H, Tian L. Association between serum ferritin and uric acid levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the Chinese population. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16267. [PMID: 37904845 PMCID: PMC10613435 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that serum ferritin and uric acid (UA) are strongly associated with the risk of NAFLD, but no consensus has been reached. Objective We sought to demonstrate the association between serum ferritin, UA levels, and NAFLD risk in a large cohort study. Methods We separated 2,049 patients into non-NAFLD and NAFLD groups. The NAFLD group had four subgroups based on serum ferritin and four subgroups based on UA quartile levels. We used binary logistic regression to evaluate the correlation between serum ferritin, UA, and NAFLD. Additionally, an area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) was used to predict the diagnostic value of combined serum ferritin and UA for NAFLD. Results Serum ferritin and UA levels were higher in the NAFLD group compared with the non-NAFLD group. Serum lipid and liver transaminase concentrations were elevated with the increase of serum ferritin and UA. The logistic regression results showed an independent correlation between serum ferritin, UA, and NAFLD. In the NAFLD group, the AUC value of serum ferritin and UA was 0.771. Conclusions Increased serum ferritin and UA levels are independent risk factors for NAFLD. Increased serum UA is a stronger risk factor for NAFLD than elevated serum ferritin. Serum ferritin and UA can be important predictors of NAFLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Zhou
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Department of Outpatient, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Ye
- West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Department of Gastroenterology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Tian
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Tian
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Khongtan S, Sivamaruthi BS, Thangaleela S, Kesika P, Bharathi M, Sirilun S, Choeisoongnern T, Peerajan S, Sittiprapaporn P, Chaiyasut C. The Influence of Probiotic Supplementation on the Obesity Indexes, Neuroinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers, Gut Microbial Diversity, and Working Memory in Obese Thai Children. Foods 2023; 12:3890. [PMID: 37959009 PMCID: PMC10648263 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide health problem with a complex interaction between gut microbiota and cognition. Several studies have demonstrated that probiotic treatments improve characteristics linked to obesity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on the obesity indexes, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, gut microbiota, and working memory in obese children. Ten obese children were assigned to receive the probiotics (8 × 109 CFU of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis) for 12 weeks. Demographic data were recorded. Urine and fecal samples were collected to evaluate biomarkers related to obesity and cognition. Behavioral working memory was assessed using the visual n-back test. Electroencephalography was employed to measure electrical activity during the visual n-back test. All parameters were evaluated at the baseline and after 12 weeks. The results revealed that probiotic supplementation significantly altered some gut microbial metabolites, gut microbiota, total antioxidant capacity, and neuroinflammatory markers. However, no significant changes were observed in the visual n-back test or electroencephalographic recordings after 12 weeks. In conclusion, the use of probiotics might be an alternative treatment that could improve the gut microbial ecosystem and microbial metabolites, as well as host antioxidant and neuroinflammation levels. The preliminary results indicated that further detailed prolonged studies are needed in order to determine the beneficial effects of the studied probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchanat Khongtan
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Subramanian Thangaleela
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Periyanaina Kesika
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Muruganantham Bharathi
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Sasithorn Sirilun
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thiwanya Choeisoongnern
- Neuropsychological Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | | | - Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn
- Neuropsychological Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
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Vasilieva AA, Timechko EE, Lysova KD, Paramonova AI, Yakimov AM, Kantimirova EA, Dmitrenko DV. MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Post-Traumatic Epileptogenesis: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15366. [PMID: 37895044 PMCID: PMC10607802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural or post-traumatic epilepsy often develops after brain tissue damage caused by traumatic brain injury, stroke, infectious diseases of the brain, etc. Most often, between the initiating event and epilepsy, there is a period without seizures-a latent period. At this time, the process of restructuring of neural networks begins, leading to the formation of epileptiform activity, called epileptogenesis. The prediction of the development of the epileptogenic process is currently an urgent and difficult task. MicroRNAs are inexpensive and minimally invasive biomarkers of biological and pathological processes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive ability of microRNAs to detect the risk of epileptogenesis. In this study, we conducted a systematic search on the MDPI, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science platforms. We analyzed publications that studied the aberrant expression of circulating microRNAs in epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, and ischemic stroke in order to search for microRNAs-potential biomarkers for predicting epileptogenesis. Thus, 31 manuscripts examining biomarkers of epilepsy, 19 manuscripts examining biomarkers of traumatic brain injury, and 48 manuscripts examining biomarkers of ischemic stroke based on circulating miRNAs were analyzed. Three miRNAs were studied: miR-21, miR-181a, and miR-155. The findings showed that miR-21 and miR-155 are associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis, and miR-181a is associated with protein modifications. These miRNAs are not strictly specific, but they are involved in processes that may be indirectly associated with epileptogenesis. Also, these microRNAs may be of interest when they are studied in a cohort with each other and with other microRNAs. To further study the microRNA-based biomarkers of epileptogenesis, many factors must be taken into account: the time of sampling, the type of biological fluid, and other nuances. Currently, there is a need for more in-depth and prolonged studies of epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Diana V. Dmitrenko
- Department of Medical Genetics and Clinical Neurophysiology of Postgraduate Education, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia; (A.A.V.); (E.E.T.); (K.D.L.); (A.I.P.)
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Farup PG, Rootwelt H, Hestad K. APOE Polymorphism Is Associated with Changes in the Kynurenine Pathway. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1955. [PMID: 37895304 PMCID: PMC10606170 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND APOE polymorphism and the Kynurenine pathway (KP) are associated with many disorders, but little is known about associations between APOE polymorphism and the KP. This study explored the associations between the KP and APOE polymorphism in disorders associated with APOE polymorphism and changes in the KP. METHODS Subjects with morbid obesity before and after bariatric surgery (numbers 139 and 95, respectively), depression (number 49), and unspecified neurological symptoms (number 39) were included. The following grouping of the APOE genotypes was used: E2 = ɛ2ɛ2 + ɛ2ɛ3, E3 = ɛ3ɛ3 + ɛ2ɛ4, and E4 = ɛ3ɛ4 + ɛ4ɛ4. The KP metabolites Tryptophan, Kynurenine, Kynurenic acid, Quinolinic acid, and Xanthurenic acid were quantified in serum. RESULTS The main findings were a significant positive association between E3 and Quinolinic acid (difference between E3 and E2E4: 12.0 (3.5; 18.6) ng/mL); p = 0.005), and a negative association between E4 and Kynurenine (difference between E4 and E2E3: -31.3 (-54.2; -3.2) ng/mL; p = 0.008). Quinolinic acid has been ascribed neurotoxic and inflammatory effects, and Kynurenine is a marker of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that APOE polymorphism might cause changes in the KP that contribute to the disease. Inflammation could be the link between APOE and the KP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per G. Farup
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway;
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helge Rootwelt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Knut Hestad
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway;
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Wences Chirino T, Rangel López E, Luna Angulo A, Carrillo Mora P, Landa Solis C, Samudio Cruz MA, Fuentes Bello AC, Paniagua Pérez R, Ríos Martínez J, Sánchez Chapul L. Crosstalk between Exercise-Derived Endocannabinoidome and Kynurenines: Potential Target Therapies for Obesity and Depression Symptoms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1421. [PMID: 37895892 PMCID: PMC10609722 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway (KP) and the endocannabinoid system (ECS) are known to be deregulated in depression and obesity; however, it has been recognized that acute physical exercise has an important modulating role inducing changes in the mobilization of their respective metabolites-endocannabinoids (eCBs) and kynurenines (KYNs)-which overlap at some points, acting as important antidepressant, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant biomarkers. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze and discuss some recently performed studies to investigate the potential interactions between both systems, particularly those related to exercise-derived endocannabinoidome and kynurenine mechanisms, and to elucidate how prescription of physical exercise could represent a new approach for the clinical management of these two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Wences Chirino
- Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Neurosciences Division, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (T.W.C.); (A.L.A.); (A.C.F.B.)
| | - Edgar Rangel López
- Cell Reprogramming Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico;
| | - Alexandra Luna Angulo
- Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Neurosciences Division, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (T.W.C.); (A.L.A.); (A.C.F.B.)
| | - Paul Carrillo Mora
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (P.C.M.); (M.A.S.C.)
| | - Carlos Landa Solis
- Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy, and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - María Alejandra Samudio Cruz
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (P.C.M.); (M.A.S.C.)
| | - Alim C. Fuentes Bello
- Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Neurosciences Division, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (T.W.C.); (A.L.A.); (A.C.F.B.)
| | - Rogelio Paniagua Pérez
- Biochemistry Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - Juan Ríos Martínez
- Health Sciences Research Institute, Mexican Navy, Mexico City 04470, Mexico;
| | - Laura Sánchez Chapul
- Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Neurosciences Division, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (T.W.C.); (A.L.A.); (A.C.F.B.)
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Eshraghi Y, Abedi M, Gheisari Y. Proteomics to Metabolomics: A New Insight into the Pathogenesis of Hypertensive Nephropathy. Kidney Blood Press Res 2023; 48:710-726. [PMID: 37793351 PMCID: PMC10681119 DOI: 10.1159/000534354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertensive nephropathy (HN) is a high-burden disorder and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Despite huge investigations, the underlying mechanisms are yet largely unknown. Systems biology is a promising approach to providing a comprehensive insight into this complex disorder. METHODS Proteome profiles of kidney tubulointerstitium and outer and inner cortex from a rat model of HN were retrieved from the proteomics identification database, and the quality of the datasets was assessed. Proteins that exhibited differential expression were detected and their interactions were analyzed in the kidney sub-compartments. Furthermore, enzymes were linked to the attributed metabolites. Functional enrichment analyses were performed to identify key pathways and processes based on the differentially expressed proteins and predicted metabolites. RESULTS Proteasome-mediated protein degradation, actin cytoskeleton organization, and Rho GTPase signaling pathway are involved in the pathogenesis of HN. Furthermore, tissue hypoxia and dysregulated energy homeostasis are among the key underlying events. The metabolism of purine and amino acids is also affected in HN. CONCLUSION Although the proposed pathogenic mechanisms remain to be further validated in experimental studies, this study contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HN through a systematic unsupervised approach. Considering the significant alterations of metabolic pathways, HN can be viewed as an "acquired error of metabolism."
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Eshraghi
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Abedi
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yousof Gheisari
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L, Khalil M, Garruti G, Portincasa P. Contribution of the microbiome for better phenotyping of people living with obesity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:839-870. [PMID: 37119391 PMCID: PMC10148591 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportion worldwide and in all ages. Available evidence points to a multifactorial pathogenesis involving gene predisposition and environmental factors. Gut microbiota plays a critical role as a major interface between external factors, i.e., diet, lifestyle, toxic chemicals, and internal mechanisms regulating energy and metabolic homeostasis, fat production and storage. A shift in microbiota composition is linked with overweight and obesity, with pathogenic mechanisms involving bacterial products and metabolites (mainly endocannabinoid-related mediators, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, catabolites of tryptophan, lipopolysaccharides) and subsequent alterations in gut barrier, altered metabolic homeostasis, insulin resistance and chronic, low-grade inflammation. Although animal studies point to the links between an "obesogenic" microbiota and the development of different obesity phenotypes, the translational value of these results in humans is still limited by the heterogeneity among studies, the high variation of gut microbiota over time and the lack of robust longitudinal studies adequately considering inter-individual confounders. Nevertheless, available evidence underscores the existence of several genera predisposing to obesity or, conversely, to lean and metabolically health phenotype (e.g., Akkermansia muciniphila, species from genera Faecalibacterium, Alistipes, Roseburia). Further longitudinal studies using metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics with exact characterization of confounders are needed in this field. Results must confirm that distinct genera and specific microbial-derived metabolites represent effective and precision interventions against overweight and obesity in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Song Y, Gu J, You J, Tao Y, Zhang Y, Wang L, Gao J. The functions of SID1 transmembrane family, member 2 (Sidt2). FEBS J 2023; 290:4626-4637. [PMID: 36176242 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The SID1 transmembrane family, member 2, namely, Sidt2, is a highly glycosylated multichannel lysosomal transmembrane protein, but its specific physiological function remains unknown. Lysosomal membrane proteins are very important for the executive functioning of lysosomes. As an important part of the lysosomal membrane, Sidt2 can maintain the normal morphology of lysosomes and help stabilize them from the acidic pH environment within. As a receptor/transporter, it binds and transports nucleic acids and mediates the uptake and degradation of RNA and DNA by the lysosome. During glucose metabolism, deletion of Sidt2 can cause an increase in fasting blood glucose and the impairment of grape tolerance, which is closely related to the secretion of insulin. During lipid metabolism, the loss of Sidt2 can cause hepatic steatosis and lipid metabolism disorders and can also play a role in signal regulation and transport. Here, we review the function of the lysosomal membrane protein Sidt2, and focus on its role in glucose and lipid metabolism, autophagy and nucleotide (DNA/RNA) transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jingya You
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yiyang Tao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Lizhuo Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jialin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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Singh M, Guru A, Murugan R, Gopi M, Arockiaraj J. Circular RNA ciRS-7 signature as a potential biomarker for the early detection of diabetes with Alzheimer's disease: a hypothesis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8705-8714. [PMID: 37620738 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In the 1970s, Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) were first discovered in RNA viruses as viroids and were initially assumed to be RNA splicing defects. The roles and topologies of these circular RNA loops were later revealed using computer analysis and RNA-sequencing. They were found to demonstrate various functions, including protein scaffolding, parental gene regulation, microRNA sponges, and RNA-protein interactions. CircRNAs play a crucial role in controlling gene expression and are essential for biological development and illness detection, as demonstrated by their roles as miRNA sponges, endogenous RNAs, and potential biomarkers. Insulin resistance is caused by damage to β-cells in the pancreatic islets, which reduces the body's response to the hormone insulin. This reduction in insulin response hinders glucose from entering cells and providing energy for critical processes. As a result, insulin-resistant cells elevate blood sugar levels, leading to diabetes. Diabetes, in turn, increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, which can damage the heart and arteries. Additionally, an excess of insulin can impact the brain's chemical balance, contributing to the development of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, oxidative stress created by damaged pancreatic cells during high blood sugar conditions may lead to the destruction of brain cells and the onset of Alzheimer's disease. The hypothesis of this review is to provide an overview of the most dominant ciRS-7 circRNA identified in pancreatic islet cell dysfunction and neurologic disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. By considering ciRS-7 circRNA as a potential biomarker for diabetes, early detection and treatment of diabetes may be facilitated, potentially reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease onset in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 077, India.
| | - Raghul Murugan
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Muthukaruppan Gopi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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Carvalho RPR, Carvalho IRD, Costa RVD, Guimarães-Ervilha LO, Machado-Neves M. The effects of eugenol on histological, enzymatic, and oxidative parameters in the major salivary glands and pancreas of healthy male Wistar rats. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 154:105764. [PMID: 37454526 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of eugenol on histological, enzymatic, and oxidative parameters in the pancreas, parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands of healthy male rats. DESIGN Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were assigned into four groups (n = 6/group). Control rats received 2% Tween-20 (eugenol vehicle), whereas the other animals received 10, 20, and 40 mg kg-1 eugenol through gavage daily for 60 d. Major salivary and pancreatic glands were weighed and preserved fixed for microscopic analysis and frozen for in vitro assays. RESULTS Eugenol did not alter glands' weight and serum amylase activity regardless of the concentration. The highest dose of eugenol caused an increase in pancreatic amylase activity and a reduction of lipase activity from serum and pancreas. Eugenol at 40 mg kg-1 diminished the activity of SOD and FRAP in the submandibular gland and CAT and FRAP in the sublingual gland. However, it did not exert any effect on GST regardless of the gland. Additionally, 40 mg kg-1 eugenol increased MDA levels in pancreatic, parotid, and submandibular glands and NO levels in the sublingual. The concentrations of eugenol induced distinct responses in the glands regarding the activity of Na+/K+, Mg2+, and total ATPase activity. They also affected histomorphometrical and histochemistrical parameters in the submandibular gland only. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated that 40 mg kg-1 eugenol altered most of the biochemical and oxidatived parameters of digestive glands. Only submandibular glands presented histological changes after eugenol exposure suggesting potential implications for its function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosiany Vieira da Costa
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Machado-Neves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Diedrich JD, Gonzalez-Pons R, Medeiros HCD, Ensink E, Liby KT, Wellberg EA, Lunt SY, Bernard JJ. Adipocyte-derived kynurenine stimulates malignant transformation of mammary epithelial cells through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115763. [PMID: 37625554 PMCID: PMC10587895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Anti-hormone therapies are not efficacious for reducing the incidence of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lacks both estrogen and progesterone receptors. While the etiology of this aggressive breast cancer subtype is unclear, visceral obesity is a strong risk factor for both pre- and post-menopausal cases. The mechanism by which excessive deposition of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) promotes the malignant transformation of hormone receptor-negative mammary epithelial cells is currently unknown. We developed a novel in vitro system of malignant transformation in which non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) grow in soft agar when cultured with factors released from VAT. These cells, which acquire the capacity for 3D growth, show elevated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) protein and AhR target genes, suggesting that AhR activity may drive malignant transformation by VAT. AhR is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that generates biological responses to exogenous carcinogens and to the endogenous tryptophan pathway metabolite, kynurenine. The serum kynurenine to tryptophan ratio has been shown to be elevated in patients with obesity. Herein, we demonstrate that AhR inhibitors or knockdown of AhR in MCF-10A cells prevents VAT-induced malignant transformation. Specifically, VAT-induced transformation is inhibited by Kyn-101, an inhibitor for the endogenous ligand binding site of AhR. Mass spectrometry analysis demonstrates that adipocytes metabolize tryptophan and release kynurenine, which is taken up by MCF-10A cells and activates the AhR to induce CYP1B1 and promote malignant transformation. This novel hormone receptor-independent mechanism of malignant transformation suggests targeting AhR for TNBC prevention in the context of visceral adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Diedrich
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Romina Gonzalez-Pons
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Hyllana C D Medeiros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Elliot Ensink
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Karen T Liby
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Elizabeth A Wellberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sophia Y Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Jamie J Bernard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA; Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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Bjørke-Monsen AL, Varsi K, Sakkestad ST, Ulvik A, Ebbing C, Ueland PM. Lower levels of the neuroprotective tryptophan metabolite, kynurenic acid, in users of estrogen contraceptives. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16370. [PMID: 37773439 PMCID: PMC10541439 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in kynurenine metabolites are reported in users of estrogen containing contraception. We have assessed kynurenines, vitamin B6, vitamin B2 and the inflammation markers, C-reactive protein (CRP) and neopterin, in healthy, never-pregnant women between 18 and 40 years (n = 123) and related this to their use of hormonal contraception. The population included 58 women, who did not use hormonal contraceptives (non-users), 51 users of estrogen-containing contraceptives (EC-users), and 14 users of progestin only contraceptives (PC-users). EC-users had significantly lower plasma kynurenic acid (KA) and higher xanthurenic acid (XA) levels compared to non-users. Serum CRP was significantly higher and negatively associated with both vitamin B6 and B2 status in EC-user compared to non-users. No significant differences in any parameters were seen between PC-users and non-users (p > 0.1). The low KA and high XA concentration in users of estrogen containing contraception resemble the biochemical profile observed in vitamin B6 deficiency. The hormonal effect may result from interference with the coenzyme function of vitamin B6 and B2 for particular enzymes in the kynurenine metabolism. KA has been suggested to be neuroprotective and the significantly reduced concentration in EC-users may be of importance in the observed increased risk of mood disorders among users of oral contraceptives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Førde Central Hospital, Førde, Norway.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kristin Varsi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Cathrine Ebbing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Jasim ZA, Al-Hakeim HK, Zolghadri S, Stanek A. Maternal Tryptophan Catabolites and Insulin Resistance Parameters in Preeclampsia. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1447. [PMID: 37892130 PMCID: PMC10604911 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria in the third trimester. The disease is associated with many metabolic and biochemical changes. There is a need for new biomarkers for diagnosis and follow-up. The present study examined the diagnostic ability of tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs) and insulin resistance (IR) parameters in women with PE. This case-control study recruited sixty women with preeclampsia and 60 healthy pregnant women as a control group. Serum levels of TRYCATs (tryptophan, kynurenic acid, kynurenine, and 3-hydroxykynurenine) and IR parameters (insulin and glucose) were measured by ELISA and spectrophotometric methods. The results showed that PE women have a significantly lower tryptophan level than healthy pregnant women. However, there was a significant increase in kynurenic acid, kynurenic acid/kynurenine, kynurenine/tryptophan, and 3-hydroxykynurenine levels. PE women also have a state of IR. The correlation study indicated various correlations of IR and TRYCATs with clinical data and between each other, reflecting the role of these parameters in the pathophysiology of PE. The ROC study showed that the presence of IR state, reduced tryptophan, and increased 3-HK predicted PE disease in a suspected woman with moderate sensitivities and specificities. In conclusion, the pathophysiology of PE involves a state of IR and an alteration of the TRYCAT system. These changes should be taken into consideration when PE is diagnosed or treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Abdulameer Jasim
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz 7198774731, Iran;
| | | | - Samaneh Zolghadri
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom 7414785318, Iran
| | - Agata Stanek
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Nejat S, Menikdiwela KR, Efotte A, Scoggin S, Vandanmagsar B, Thornalley PJ, Dehbi M, Moustaid-Moussa N. Genetic Deletion of DNAJB3 Using CRISPR-Cas9, Produced Discordant Phenotypes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1857. [PMID: 37895206 PMCID: PMC10606339 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several pathways and/or genes have been shown to be dysregulated in obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We previously showed, for the first time, impaired expression of DNAJB3 mRNA and protein in subjects with obesity, which was concomitant with increased metabolic stress. Restoring the normal expression of DNAJB3 attenuated metabolic stress and improved insulin signaling both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting a protective role of DNAJB3 against obesity and T2D. The precise underlying mechanisms remained, however, unclear. This study was designed to confirm the human studies in a mouse model of dietary obesity-induced insulin resistance, and, if validated, to understand the underlying mechanisms. We hypothesized that mice lacking DNAJB3 would be more prone to high-fat (HF)-diet-induced increase in body weight and body fat, inflammation, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance as compared with wild-type (WT) littermates. Three DNAJB3 knockout (KO) lines were generated (KO 30, 44 and 47), using CRISPR-Cas9. Male and female KO and WT mice were fed a HF diet (45% kcal fat) for 16 weeks. Body weight was measured biweekly, and a glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were conducted at week 13 and 14, respectively. Body composition was determined monthly by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Following euthanasia, white adipose tissue (WAT) and skeletal muscle were harvested for further analyses. Compared with WT mice, male and female KO 47 mice demonstrated higher body weight and fat mass. Similarly, KO 47 mice also showed a slower rate of glucose clearance in GTT that was consistent with decreased mRNA expression of the GLUT4 gene in WAT but not in the muscle. Both male and female KO 47 mice exhibited higher mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory marker TNF-a in WAT only, whereas increased mRNA levels of MCP1 chemokine and the ER stress marker BiP/Grp78 were observed in male but not in female KO 47 mice. However, we did not observe the same changes in the other KO lines. Taken together, the phenotype of the DNAJB3 KO 47 mice was consistent with the metabolic changes and low levels of DNAJB3 reported in human subjects. These findings suggest that DNAJB3 may play an important role in metabolic functions and glucose homeostasis, which warrants further phenotyping and intervention studies in other KO 47 and other KO mice, as well as investigating this protein as a potential therapeutic target for obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Nejat
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.N.); (K.R.M.); (A.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Kalhara R. Menikdiwela
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.N.); (K.R.M.); (A.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Aliyah Efotte
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.N.); (K.R.M.); (A.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Shane Scoggin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.N.); (K.R.M.); (A.E.); (S.S.)
| | | | - Paul J. Thornalley
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (P.J.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Mohammed Dehbi
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (P.J.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (S.N.); (K.R.M.); (A.E.); (S.S.)
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Zou J, Mitra K, Anees P, Oettinger D, Ramirez JR, Veetil AT, Gupta PD, Rao R, Smith JJ, Kratsios P, Krishnan Y. A DNA nanodevice for mapping sodium at single-organelle resolution. Nat Biotechnol 2023:10.1038/s41587-023-01950-1. [PMID: 37735265 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellular sodium ion (Na+) homeostasis is integral to organism physiology. Our current understanding of Na+ homeostasis is largely limited to Na+ transport at the plasma membrane. Organelles may also contribute to Na+ homeostasis; however, the direction of Na+ flow across organelle membranes is unknown because organellar Na+ cannot be imaged. Here we report a pH-independent, organelle-targetable, ratiometric probe that reports lumenal Na+. It is a DNA nanodevice containing a Na+-sensitive fluorophore, a reference dye and an organelle-targeting domain. By measuring Na+ at single endosome resolution in mammalian cells and Caenorhabditis elegans, we discovered that lumenal Na+ levels in each stage of the endolysosomal pathway exceed cytosolic levels and decrease as endosomes mature. Further, we find that lysosomal Na+ levels in nematodes are modulated by the Na+/H+ exchanger NHX-5 in response to salt stress. The ability to image subcellular Na+ will unveil mechanisms of Na+ homeostasis at an increased level of cellular detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Zou
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Koushambi Mitra
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Palapuravan Anees
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daphne Oettinger
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph R Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aneesh Tazhe Veetil
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Priyanka Dutta Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rajini Rao
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jayson J Smith
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paschalis Kratsios
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yamuna Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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67
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Zhang X, Moran C, Wang R, Zhou Y. Effect of Aerobic Exercise in Chinese Adult Individuals at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with Low Salivary Amylase Gene (AMY1) Copy Number Variation. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2875-2883. [PMID: 37753482 PMCID: PMC10518248 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s409007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a life-threatening health problem around the world. Studies have confirmed that aerobic exercise can prevent the risk of T2DM. Furthermore, recent research showed that salivary amylase gene (AMY1) copy number variation (CNV) could be one of the genetic factors that increased the risk of T2DM. To provide more evidence on how AMY1 CNV and exercise is correlated with the risk of T2DM, we designed this study to show the differences in postprandial carbohydrate metabolism between people with different AMY1 copy numbers, and how aerobic exercise can influence this process. Participants and Methods Sixteen participants without cardiovascular disease were chosen, 8 with AMY1 CNV≥6 (High CNV group, HCNV), and 8 with AMY1 CNV ≤ 2 (Low CNV group, LCNV). All participants were Chinese, Han nationality, 18 to 40 years old, with fasting blood glucose lower than 6.1 mmol/L and normal blood pressure levels. They were asked to visit the laboratory in fasting state and drink a cup of solution with 75 grams of edible carbohydrate (glucose or starch). After carbohydrate intake, blood samples were taken at certain times at rest or after aerobic exercise. Blood glucose levels were tested with a portable blood glucose monitor, and insulin levels were tested with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The LCNV group had significantly higher resting insulin levels and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) than the HCNV group. Compared to the HCNV group, postprandial blood glucose levels and insulin levels were insensitive to starch intake in the LCNV group. However, this difference disappeared after aerobic exercise was added as an intervention. Conclusion Lower AMY1 CNV could be associated with higher risk of T2DM and complex carbohydrate metabolism disorder, while aerobic exercise can reduce the risk by increasing the carbohydrate utilization rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Zhang
- School of Sport Science, Nantong University, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Colin Moran
- School of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, The United Kingdom
| | - Ruiyuan Wang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing City, People’s Republic of China
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Liu D, Wang S, Liu Y, Luo Y, Wen B, Wu W, Zeng H, Huang J, Liu Z. Fuzhuan brick tea ameliorates hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis through gut microbiota-derived aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:8351-8368. [PMID: 37606634 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01782f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity and its associated conditions, such as hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis, are major health concerns worldwide. Previous studies have reported the excellent efficiency of Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) in attenuating HFD-induced obesity and metabolic disorders. In this study, we investigated the effects of FBT on hepatic steatosis and simple steatohepatitis in HFD-induced obese mice, as well as the metabolic function of the gut microbiome using metagenomics and metabolomics. The results showed that FBT ameliorated dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis in HFD-induced obese mice by normalizing the gut microbiota structure and tryptophan metabolism. FBT increased the cecal abundance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-ligand producing bacteria such as Lactobacillus_reuteri and Lactobacillus_johnsonii, at the expense of AhR-ligand consuming bacteria, such as Faecalibaculum_rodentium and Escherichia_coli, and elevated the cecal contents of AhR-ligands such as IAA, IPA, and KYNA. Furthermore, FBT regulated the expressions of AhR and its targeted lipometabolic genes such as Pemt, Fasn, and SREBP-1c, as well as other inflammatory genes including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the liver of mice. Overall, these findings highlight the beneficial effects of FBT on obesity-related hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis via microbiota-derived AhR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Liu
- Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Beibei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenliang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Tea Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jianan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
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McCann JR, Rawls JF. Essential Amino Acid Metabolites as Chemical Mediators of Host-Microbe Interaction in the Gut. Annu Rev Microbiol 2023; 77:479-497. [PMID: 37339735 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-111819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids are indispensable substrates for protein synthesis in all organisms and incorporated into diverse aspects of metabolic physiology and signaling. However, animals lack the ability to synthesize several of them and must acquire these essential amino acids from their diet or perhaps their associated microbial communities. The essential amino acids therefore occupy a unique position in the health of animals and their relationships with microbes. Here we review recent work connecting microbial production and metabolism of essential amino acids to host biology, and the reciprocal impacts of host metabolism of essential amino acids on their associated microbes. We focus on the roles of the branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) and tryptophan on host-microbe communication in the intestine of humans and other vertebrates. We then conclude by highlighting research questions surrounding the less-understood aspects of microbial essential amino acid synthesis in animal hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R McCann
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; ,
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; ,
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70
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Toudji I, Toumi A, Chamberland É, Rossignol E. Interneuron odyssey: molecular mechanisms of tangential migration. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1256455. [PMID: 37779671 PMCID: PMC10538647 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1256455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical GABAergic interneurons are critical components of neural networks. They provide local and long-range inhibition and help coordinate network activities involved in various brain functions, including signal processing, learning, memory and adaptative responses. Disruption of cortical GABAergic interneuron migration thus induces profound deficits in neural network organization and function, and results in a variety of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders including epilepsy, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. It is thus of paramount importance to elucidate the specific mechanisms that govern the migration of interneurons to clarify some of the underlying disease mechanisms. GABAergic interneurons destined to populate the cortex arise from multipotent ventral progenitor cells located in the ganglionic eminences and pre-optic area. Post-mitotic interneurons exit their place of origin in the ventral forebrain and migrate dorsally using defined migratory streams to reach the cortical plate, which they enter through radial migration before dispersing to settle in their final laminar allocation. While migrating, cortical interneurons constantly change their morphology through the dynamic remodeling of actomyosin and microtubule cytoskeleton as they detect and integrate extracellular guidance cues generated by neuronal and non-neuronal sources distributed along their migratory routes. These processes ensure proper distribution of GABAergic interneurons across cortical areas and lamina, supporting the development of adequate network connectivity and brain function. This short review summarizes current knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling cortical GABAergic interneuron migration, with a focus on tangential migration, and addresses potential avenues for cell-based interneuron progenitor transplants in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Toudji
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Asmaa Toumi
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Émile Chamberland
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elsa Rossignol
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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71
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Xie H, Huang Y, Zhan Y. Construction of a novel circRNA-miRNA-ferroptosis related mRNA network in ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15077. [PMID: 37699956 PMCID: PMC10497552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecule alterations are important to explore the pathological mechanism of ischemic stroke (IS). Ferroptosis, a newly recognized type of regulated cell death, is related to IS. Identification of the interactions between circular RNA (circRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and ferroptosis related mRNA may be useful to understand the molecular mechanism of IS. The circRNA, miRNA and mRNA transcriptome data in IS, downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, was used for differential expression analysis. Ferroptosis related mRNAs were identified from the FerrDb database, followed by construction of circRNA-miRNA-ferroptosis related mRNA network. Enrichment and protein-protein interaction analysis of mRNAs in circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was performed, followed by expression validation by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and online dataset. A total of 694, 41 and 104 differentially expressed circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs were respectively identified in IS. Among which, dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) and solute carrier family 2 member 3 (SLC2A3) were the only three up-regulated ferroptosis related mRNAs. Moreover, DUSP1, NCOA4 and SLC2A3 were significantly up-regulated in IS after 3, 5 and 24 h of the attack. Based on these three ferroptosis related mRNAs, 4 circRNA-miRNA-ferroptosis related mRNA regulatory relationship pairs were identified in IS, including hsa_circ_0071036/hsa_circ_0039365/hsa_circ_0079347/hsa_circ_0008857-hsa-miR-122-5p-DUSP1, hsa_circ_0067717/hsa_circ_0003956/hsa_circ_0013729-hsa-miR-4446-3p-SLC2A3, hsa_circ_0059347/hsa_circ_0001414/hsa_circ_0049637-hsa-miR-885-3p-SLC2A3, and hsa_circ_0005633/hsa_circ_0004479-hsa-miR-4435-NCOA4. In addition, DUSP1 is involved in the signaling pathway of fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis. Relationship of regulatory action between circRNAs, miRNAs and ferroptosis related mRNAs may be associated with the development of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Xie
- Department of Neurology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yijie Huang
- Department of Neurology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanli Zhan
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
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Rybakova EY, Avdonin PP, Trufanov SK, Goncharov NV, Avdonin PV. Synergistic Interaction of 5-HT 1B and 5-HT 2B Receptors in Cytoplasmic Ca 2+ Regulation in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells: Possible Involvement in Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13833. [PMID: 37762136 PMCID: PMC10530667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to explore the involvement of 5-HT1B and 5-HT2B receptors (5-HT1BR and 5-HT2BR) in the regulation of free cytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). We have shown by quantitative PCR analysis, that 5-HT1BR and 5-HT2BR mRNAs levels are almost equal in HUVEC. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated, that 5-HT1BR and 5-HT2BR are expressed both in plasma membrane and inside the cells. Intracellular 5-HT1BR are localized mainly in the nuclear region, whereas 5-HT2BR receptors are almost evenly distributed in HUVEC. 5-HT, 5-HT1BR agonist CGS12066B, or 5-HT2BR agonist BW723C86 added to HUVEC caused a slight increase in [Ca2+]i, which was much lower than that of histamine, ATP, or SFLLRN, an agonist of protease-activated receptors (PAR1). However, activation of 5-HT1BR with CGS12066B followed by activation of 5-HT2BR with BW723C86 manifested a synergism of response, since several-fold higher rise in [Ca2+]i occurred. CGS12066B caused more than a 5-fold increase in [Ca2+]i rise in HUVEC in response to 5-HT. This 5-HT induced [Ca2+]i rise was abolished by 5-HT2BR antagonist RS127445, indicating that extracellular 5-HT acts through 5-HT2BR. Synergistic [Ca2+]i rise in response to activation of 5-HT1BR and 5-HT2BR persisted in a calcium-free medium. It was suppressed by the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 and was not inhibited by the ryanodine and NAADP receptors antagonists dantrolene and NED-19. [Ca2+]i measurements in single cells demonstrated that activation of 5-HT2BR alone by BW723C86 caused single asynchronous [Ca2+]i oscillations in 19.8 ± 4.2% (n = 3) of HUVEC that occur with a long delay (66.1 ± 4.3 s, n = 71). On the contrary, histamine causes a simultaneous and almost immediate increase in [Ca2+]i in all the cells. Pre-activation of 5-HT1BR by CGS12066B led to a 3-4 fold increase in the number of HUVEC responding to BW723C86, to synchronization of their responses with a delay shortening, and to the bursts of [Ca2+]i oscillations in addition to single oscillations. In conclusion, to get a full rise of [Ca2+]i in HUVEC in response to 5-HT, simultaneous activation of 5-HT1BR and 5-HT2BR is required. 5-HT causes an increase in [Ca2+]i via 5-HT2BR while 5-HT1BR could be activated by the membrane-permeable agonist CGS12066B. We hypothesized that CGS12066B acts via intracellular 5-HT1BR inaccessible to extracellular 5-HT. Intracellular 5-HT1BR might be activated by 5-HT which could be accumulated in EC under certain pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Yu. Rybakova
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (E.Y.R.); (P.P.A.); (S.K.T.)
| | - Piotr P. Avdonin
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (E.Y.R.); (P.P.A.); (S.K.T.)
| | - Sergei K. Trufanov
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (E.Y.R.); (P.P.A.); (S.K.T.)
| | - Nikolay V. Goncharov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia;
| | - Pavel V. Avdonin
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (E.Y.R.); (P.P.A.); (S.K.T.)
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Hodeify R, Machaca K. Methods to Quantify the Dynamic Recycling of Plasma Membrane Channels. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4800. [PMID: 37719078 PMCID: PMC10501913 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling modality mediated by Orai Ca2+ channels at the plasma membrane (PM) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ sensors STIM1/2. At steady state, Orai1 constitutively cycles between an intracellular compartment and the PM. Orai1 PM residency is modulated by its endocytosis and exocytosis rates. Therefore, Orai1 trafficking represents an important regulatory mechanism to define the levels of Ca2+ influx. Here, we present a protocol using the dually tagged YFP-HA-Orai1 with a cytosolic YFP and extracellular hemagglutinin (HA) tag to quantify Orai1 cycling rates. For measuring Orai1 endocytosis, cells expressing YFP-HA-Orai1 are incubated with mouse anti-HA antibody for various periods of time before being fixed and stained for surface Orai1 with Cy5-labeled anti-mouse IgG. The cells are fixed again, permeabilized, and stained with Cy3-labeled anti-mouse IgG to reveal anti-HA that has been internalized. To quantify Orai1 exocytosis rate, cells are incubated with anti-HA antibody for various incubation periods before being fixed, permeabilized, and then stained with Cy5-labeled anti-mouse IgG. The Cy5/YFP ratio is plotted over time and fitted with a mono-exponential growth curve to determine exocytosis rate. Although the described assays were developed to measure Orai1 trafficking, they are readily adaptable to other PM channels. Key features Detailed protocols to quantify endocytosis and exocytosis rates of Orai1 at the plasma membrane that can be used in various cell lines. The endocytosis and exocytosis assays are readily adaptable to study the trafficking of other plasma membrane channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawad Hodeify
- Biotechnology Department, School of Arts and
Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab
Emirates
| | - Khaled Machaca
- Ca
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill
Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
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74
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Jardin I, Alvarado S, Sanchez-Collado J, Nieto-Felipe J, Lopez JJ, Salido GM, Rosado JA. Functional differences in agonist-induced plasma membrane expression of Orai1α and Orai1β. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2050-2062. [PMID: 37332264 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Orai1 is the pore-forming subunit of the store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels involved in a variety of cellular functions. Two Orai1 variants have been identified, the long form, Orai1α, containing 301 amino acids, and the short form, Orai1β, which arises from alternative translation initiation from methionines 64 or 71, in Orai1α. Orai1 is mostly expressed in the plasma membrane, but a subset of Orai1 is located in intracellular compartments. Here we show that Ca2+ store depletion leads to trafficking and insertion of compartmentalized Orai1α in the plasma membrane via a mechanism that is independent on changes in cytosolic free-Ca2+ concentration, as demonstrated by cell loading with the fast intracellular Ca2+ chelator dimethyl BAPTA in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ . Interestingly, thapsigargin (TG) was found to be unable to induce translocation of Orai1β to the plasma membrane when expressed individually; by contrast, when Orai1β is co-expressed with Orai1α, cell treatment with TG induced rapid trafficking and insertion of compartmentalized Orai1β in the plasma membrane. Translocation of Orai1 forms to the plasma membrane was found to require the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton. Finally, expression of a dominant negative mutant of the small GTPase ARF6, and ARF6-T27N, abolished the translocation of compartmentalized Orai1 variants to the plasma membrane upon store depletion. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism that regulate the plasma membrane abundance of Orai1 variants after Ca2+ store depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Jardin
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers (IMPB), University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Sandra Alvarado
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers (IMPB), University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose Sanchez-Collado
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers (IMPB), University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Joel Nieto-Felipe
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers (IMPB), University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers (IMPB), University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Gines M Salido
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers (IMPB), University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers (IMPB), University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
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75
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Zhao Y, Lv X, Chen C, Li K, Wang Y, Liu J. The association between triglyceride-glucose index and hyperferritinemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hormones (Athens) 2023; 22:403-412. [PMID: 37233914 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and serum ferritin (SF) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A total of 881 T2DM patients were divided into T1(TyG index < 1.66), T2 (1.66 ≤ TyG index < 2.21), and T3 (TyG index ≥ 2.21) groups according to the tertiles of the TyG index. The differences in SF levels and the prevalence of hyperferritinemia (SF ≥ 300 ng/mL for male or SF ≥ 150 ng/mL for female) were compared. The independent correlations between the TyG index and SF, and between hyperferritinemia and TyG in T2DM patients were analyzed, respectively. RESULTS SF levels in male T2DM patients were higher in the T3 group (250.12 ng/mL) than in the T1 and T2 groups (180.45 and 196.56 ng/mL, both p < 0.01),while in female patients with T2DM,SF levels were higher in the T3 group (157.25 ng/mL) than in the T1 group (111.06 ng/mL, p < 0.05).The prevalence of hyperferritinemia in male T2DM patients was higher in the T3 group (31.3%) than those in the T1 and T2 groups (10.4% and 17.3%, both p < 0.05).The TyG index was positively correlated with SF levels in T2DM patients (R = 0.178, p < 0.001).TyG index was independently and positively correlated with SF levels after adjusting for confounders (β = 0.097, 95%CI [2.870,38.148], p = 0.023).The TyG index was positively independently correlated with hyperferritinemia in male T2DM patients (OR = 1.651, 95%CI [1.120,2.432], p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS In parallel with increasing TyG index SF levels gradually increased. The TyG index was positively correlated with SF levels in patients with T2DM and was positively correlated with hyperferritinemia in male T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangting Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lv
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chongyang Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kai Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jingfang Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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Krishnan AR, Schwartz ML, Somerville C, Ding Q, Kim RH. Using whole genome sequence findings to assess gene-disease causality in cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia patients. Future Cardiol 2023; 19:583-592. [PMID: 37830358 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2023-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The genetic etiologies of cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias have not been fully elucidated. Materials & methods: Research findings from genome analyses in a cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia cohort were gathered. Gene-disease relationships from two databases were compared with patient phenotypes. A literature review was conducted for genes with limited evidence. Results: Of 43 genes with candidate findings from 18 cases, 23.3% of genes had never been curated, 15.0% were curated for cardiomyopathies, 16.7% for arrhythmias and 31.3% for other conditions. 25.5% of candidate findings were curated for the patient's specific phenotype with 11.8% having definitive evidence. MYH6 and TPCN1 were flagged for recuration. Conclusion: Findings from genome sequencing in disease cohorts may be useful to guide gene-curation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Rajesh Krishnan
- Division of Clinical & Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Marci Lb Schwartz
- Division of Clinical & Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Cardiac Genome Clinic, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Cherith Somerville
- Division of Clinical & Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Cardiac Genome Clinic, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Qiliang Ding
- Division of Clinical & Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Cardiac Genome Clinic, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Raymond H Kim
- Division of Clinical & Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Cardiac Genome Clinic, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Fred A. Litwin Family Centre in Genetic Medicine, University Health Network, Sinai Health System, Department of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
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Kim H, Lee K, Kim C, Lim J, Kim WY. DFRscore: Deep Learning-Based Scoring of Synthetic Complexity with Drug-Focused Retrosynthetic Analysis for High-Throughput Virtual Screening. J Chem Inf Model 2023. [PMID: 37651152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently emerging generative AI models enable us to produce a vast number of compounds for potential applications. While they can provide novel molecular structures, the synthetic feasibility of the generated molecules is often questioned. To address this issue, a few recent studies have attempted to use deep learning models to estimate the synthetic accessibility of many molecules rapidly. However, retrosynthetic analysis tools used to train the models rely on reaction templates automatically extracted from a large reaction database that are not domain-specific and may exhibit low chemical correctness. To overcome this limitation, we introduce DFRscore (Drug-Focused Retrosynthetic score), a deep learning-based approach for a more practical assessment of synthetic accessibility in drug discovery. The DFRscore model is trained exclusively on drug-focused reactions, providing a predicted number of minimally required synthetic steps for each compound. This approach enables practitioners to filter out compounds that do not meet their desired level of synthetic accessibility at an early stage of high-throughput virtual screening for accelerated drug discovery. The proposed strategy can be easily adapted to other domains by adjusting the synthesis planning setup of the reaction templates and starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chansu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaechang Lim
- HITS Incorporation, 124 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06234, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Youn Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- HITS Incorporation, 124 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06234, Republic of Korea
- AI Institute, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Karamooz E, Peterson J, Tammen A, Soma S, Kim SJ, Lewinsohn D. Calcium Signaling in MR1-Dependent Antigen Presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3154465. [PMID: 37693580 PMCID: PMC10491339 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3154465/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
MR1 is a ubiquitously expressed MHC-Ib molecule that presents microbial metabolites to MR1-restricted T cells, but there are differences in the antigen presentation pathway of an intracellular microbe compared to exogenous antigen. We have shown the importance of endosomal trafficking proteins in MR1-dependent presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Two pore channels (TPCs) are endosomal calcium channels that regulate endosomal trafficking. Due to their location on endosomes, we hypothesized that TPCs could be required for MR1-dependent presentation of antigens derived from the intracellular microbe Mtb. We found that TPCs are critical for the presentation of Mtb by MR1; inhibition of TPCs had no effect on MR1 presentation of extracellular (exogenous) antigens, HLA-B presentation, or HLA-II presentation. Finally, we found that the calcium sensitive trafficking protein Synaptotagmin 7 was also key in the presentation of Mtb by MR1. This calcium-dependent endosomal pathway is a novel mechanism by which the immune system can sample intracellular antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - David Lewinsohn
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Saito R, Mu Q, Yuan Y, Rubio-Alarcón M, Eznarriaga M, Zhao P, Gunaratne G, Kumar S, Keller M, Bracher F, Grimm C, Brailoiu E, Marchant JS, Rahman T, Patel S. Convergent activation of Ca 2+ permeability in two-pore channel 2 through distinct molecular routes. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadg0661. [PMID: 37607219 PMCID: PMC10639088 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adg0661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
TPC2 is a pathophysiologically relevant lysosomal ion channel that is activated directly by the phosphoinositide PI(3,5)P2 and indirectly by the calcium ion (Ca2+)-mobilizing molecule NAADP through accessory proteins that associate with the channel. TPC2 toggles between PI(3,5)P2-induced, sodium ion (Na+)-selective and NAADP-induced, Ca2+-permeable states in response to these cues. To address the molecular basis of polymodal gating and ion-selectivity switching, we investigated the mechanism by which NAADP and its synthetic functional agonist, TPC2-A1-N, induced Ca2+ release through TPC2 in human cells. Whereas NAADP required the NAADP-binding proteins JPT2 and LSM12 to evoke endogenous calcium ion signals, TPC2-A1-N did not. Residues in TPC2 that bind to PI(3,5)P2 were required for channel activation by NAADP but not for activation by TPC2-A1-N. The cryptic voltage-sensing region of TPC2 was required for the actions of TPC2-A1-N and PI(3,5)P2 but not for those of NAADP. These data mechanistically distinguish natural and synthetic agonist action at TPC2 despite convergent effects on Ca2+ permeability and delineate a route for pharmacologically correcting impaired NAADP-evoked Ca2+ signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Saito
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University
College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical
and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Qianru Mu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University
College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University
College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Maria Eznarriaga
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK
| | - Pingwei Zhao
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of
Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Gihan Gunaratne
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy,
Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226,
USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy,
Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226,
USA
| | - Marco Keller
- Department of Pharmacy—Center for Drug Research,
Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy—Center for Drug Research,
Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Grimm
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Eugen Brailoiu
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of
Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jonathan S. Marchant
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy,
Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226,
USA
| | - Taufiq Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University
College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Abstract
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are small lipid-binding proteins abundantly expressed in tissues that are highly active in fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Ten mammalian FABPs have been identified, with tissue-specific expression patterns and highly conserved tertiary structures. FABPs were initially studied as intracellular FA transport proteins. Further investigation has demonstrated their participation in lipid metabolism, both directly and via regulation of gene expression, and in signaling within their cells of expression. There is also evidence that they may be secreted and have functional impact via the circulation. It has also been shown that the FABP ligand binding repertoire extends beyond long-chain FAs and that their functional properties also involve participation in systemic metabolism. This article reviews the present understanding of FABP functions and their apparent roles in disease, particularly metabolic and inflammation-related disorders and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States;
| | - Betina Corsico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, La Plata, Argentina;
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81
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Islam Z, Diane A, Khattab N, Dehbi M, Thornalley P, Kolatkar PR. DNAJB3 attenuates ER stress through direct interaction with AKT. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290340. [PMID: 37594932 PMCID: PMC10437922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic stress involved in several dysregulation disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) results in down regulation of several heat shock proteins (HSPs) including DNAJB3. This down regulation of HSPs is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and interventions which induce the heat shock response (HSR) help to increase the insulin sensitivity. Metabolic stress leads to changes in signaling pathways through increased activation of both c-jun N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK1) and the inhibitor of κB inflammatory kinase (IKKβ) which in turn leads to inactivation of insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS-1 and IRS-2). DNAJB3 interacts with both JNK1 and IKKβ kinases to mitigate metabolic stress. In addition DNAJB3 also activates the PI3K-PKB/AKT pathway through increased phosphorylation of AKT1 and its substrate AS160, a Rab GTPase-activating protein, which results in mobilization of GLUT4 transporter protein and improved glucose uptake. We show through pull down that AK T1 is an interacting partner of DNAJB3, further confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) which quantified the avidity of AKT1 for DNAJB3. The binding interface was identified by combining protein modelling with docking of the AKT1-DNAJB3 complex. DNAJB3 is localized in the cytoplasm and ER, where it interacts directly with AKT1 and mobilizes AS160 for glucose transport. Inhibition of AKT1 resulted in loss of GLUT4 translocation activity mediated by DNAJB3 and also abolished the protective effect of DNAJB3 on tunicamycin-induced ER stress. Taken together, our findings provide evidence for a direct protein-protein interaction between DNAJB3 and AKT1 upon which DNAJB3 alleviates ER stress and promotes GLUT4 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyaul Islam
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdoulaye Diane
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Namat Khattab
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Dehbi
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Paul Thornalley
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Prasanna R. Kolatkar
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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82
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Vitulo M, Gnodi E, Rosini G, Meneveri R, Giovannoni R, Barisani D. Current Therapeutical Approaches Targeting Lipid Metabolism in NAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12748. [PMID: 37628929 PMCID: PMC10454602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, including nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)) is a high-prevalence disorder, affecting about 1 billion people, which can evolve to more severe conditions like cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is often concomitant with conditions of the metabolic syndrome, such as central obesity and insulin-resistance, but a specific drug able to revert NAFL and prevent its evolution towards NASH is still lacking. With the liver being a key organ in metabolic processes, the potential therapeutic strategies are many, and range from directly targeting the lipid metabolism to the prevention of tissue inflammation. However, side effects have been reported for the drugs tested up to now. In this review, different approaches to the treatment of NAFLD are presented, including newer therapies and ongoing clinical trials. Particular focus is placed on the reverse cholesterol transport system and on the agonists for nuclear factors like PPAR and FXR, but also drugs initially developed for other conditions such as incretins and thyromimetics along with validated natural compounds that have anti-inflammatory potential. This work provides an overview of the different therapeutic strategies currently being tested for NAFLD, other than, or along with, the recommendation of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Vitulo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Elisa Gnodi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Giulia Rosini
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56021 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Raffaella Meneveri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Giovannoni
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56021 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Donatella Barisani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
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83
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Liu M, Gong C, Shen X, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Zhong W, Chen Y, Dong N, Liao J, Yin N. Mitochondrial dynamics-related genes DRP1 and OPA1 contributes to early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in diabetes. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:484. [PMID: 37563583 PMCID: PMC10416428 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM DRP1 and OPA1 play important roles in mitochondrial fusion and fission. However, the role of DRP1 and OPA1 amplification in mitochondrial cognitive impairment has not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between DRP1 and OPA1 and the risk of cognitive impairment. METHODS In this study, 45 elderly patients with diabetes admitted to the Lianyungang Second People's Hospital from September 2020 to January 2021 were included. The patients were divided into normal group, mild cognitive impairment group and dementia group by using MMSE score, and the clinical characteristics of the three groups were compared. The amplification multiples of the two genes' DNA were calculated by ΔΔCT and defined as 2- K. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the DNA amplification multiples of patients' DRP1 and OPA1 and AD8 and MoCA scores. The sensitivity and specificity of DNA amplification multiples of DRP1 and OPA1 to predict clinical outcomes of diabetic cognitive impairment were evaluated using Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between DNA amplification factor of DRP1 and OPA1 and cognitive function. RESULTS DRP1(2- K) and OPA1(2- K) significantly increased and decreased in dementia and MCI groups compared with the normal group (P ≤ 0.001). The DNA amplification factor of DRP1 was positively correlated with AD8 score and negatively correlated with MoCA score (P < 0.001). The DNA amplification factor of OPA1 was positively correlated with the MoCA score (P = 0.0002). Analysis of ROCs showed that the DNA amplification factor of OPA1 had a higher predictive value for dementia (P < 0.0001), and that it had a higher predictive value when used in combination with DRP1. Multiple logistic regression results showed that increased DNA amplification in DRP1 was associated with increased risk of dementia (OR 1.149;95%CI,1.035-1.275), and increased DNA amplification in OPA1 was associated with decreased risk of MCI (OR 0.004;95%CI,0.000-0.251) and dementia (OR 0.000;95%CI,0.000-0.134). CONCLUSION DNA amplification multiples of DRP1 and OPA1 are associated with the risk of dementia in elderly patients and may serve as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqian Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affifiliated to Jiangsu University (Lianyungang Second People's Hospital), Lianyungang, China
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affifiliated to Jiangsu University (Lianyungang Second People's Hospital), Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaozhu Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affifiliated to Jiangsu University (Lianyungang Second People's Hospital), Lianyungang, China.
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affifiliated to Jiangsu University (Lianyungang Second People's Hospital), Lianyungang, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Bengbu Medical College Clinical College of Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affifiliated to Jiangsu University (Lianyungang Second People's Hospital), Lianyungang, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affifiliated to Jiangsu University (Lianyungang Second People's Hospital), Lianyungang, China
| | - Yujiao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Nan Dong
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Industrial Park Xinghai Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingxian Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affifiliated to Jiangsu University (Lianyungang Second People's Hospital), Lianyungang, China
| | - Ning Yin
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Hospital Affifiliated to Jiangsu University (Lianyungang Second People's Hospital), Lianyungang, China.
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84
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Meng Z, Capel RA, Bose SJ, Bosch E, de Jong S, Planque R, Galione A, Burton RAB, Bueno-Orovio A. Lysosomal calcium loading promotes spontaneous calcium release by potentiating ryanodine receptors. Biophys J 2023; 122:3044-3059. [PMID: 37329137 PMCID: PMC10432190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous calcium release by ryanodine receptors (RyRs) due to intracellular calcium overload results in delayed afterdepolarizations, closely associated with life-threatening arrhythmias. In this regard, inhibiting lysosomal calcium release by two-pore channel 2 (TPC2) knockout has been shown to reduce the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias under β-adrenergic stimulation. However, mechanistic investigations into the role of lysosomal function on RyR spontaneous release remain missing. We investigate the calcium handling mechanisms by which lysosome function modulates RyR spontaneous release, and determine how lysosomes are able to mediate arrhythmias by its influence on calcium loading. Mechanistic studies were conducted using a population of biophysically detailed mouse ventricular models including for the first time modeling of lysosomal function, and calibrated by experimental calcium transients modulated by TPC2. We demonstrate that lysosomal calcium uptake and release can synergistically provide a pathway for fast calcium transport, by which lysosomal calcium release primarily modulates sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium reuptake and RyR release. Enhancement of this lysosomal transport pathway promoted RyR spontaneous release by elevating RyR open probability. In contrast, blocking either lysosomal calcium uptake or release revealed an antiarrhythmic impact. Under conditions of calcium overload, our results indicate that these responses are strongly modulated by intercellular variability in L-type calcium current, RyR release, and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase reuptake. Altogether, our investigations identify that lysosomal calcium handling directly influences RyR spontaneous release by regulating RyR open probability, suggesting antiarrhythmic strategies and identifying key modulators of lysosomal proarrhythmic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozheng Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca A Capel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J Bose
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Bosch
- Department of Mathematics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia de Jong
- Department of Mathematics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Planque
- Department of Mathematics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antony Galione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca A B Burton
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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85
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Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Smolková B, Jirsa M, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Iron oxide nanoparticles trigger endoplasmic reticulum damage in steatotic hepatic cells. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:4250-4268. [PMID: 37560414 PMCID: PMC10408607 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00071k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are being actively researched in various biomedical applications, particularly as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for diagnosing various liver pathologies like nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. Emerging evidence suggests that IONPs may exacerbate hepatic steatosis and liver injury in susceptible livers such as those with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, our understanding of how IONPs may affect steatotic cells at the sub-cellular level is still fragmented. Generally, there is a lack of studies identifying the molecular mechanisms of potential toxic and/or adverse effects of IONPs on "non-heathy" in vitro models. In this study, we demonstrate that IONPs, at a dose that does not cause general toxicity in hepatic cells (Alexander and HepG2), induce significant toxicity in steatotic cells (cells loaded with non-toxic doses of palmitic acid). Mechanistically, co-treatment with PA and IONPs resulted in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, accompanied by the release of cathepsin B from lysosomes to the cytosol. The release of cathepsin B, along with ER stress, led to the activation of apoptotic cell death. Our results suggest that it is necessary to consider the interaction between IONPs and the liver, especially in susceptible livers. This study provides important basic knowledge for the future optimization of IONPs as MRI contrast agents for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM) Prague 14021 Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM) Prague 14021 Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
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86
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Keil SA, Schindler AG, Wang MX, Piantino J, Silbert LC, Elliott JE, Thomas RG, Willis S, Lim MM, Iliff JJ. Instability in longitudinal sleep duration predicts cognitive impairment in aged participants of the Seattle Longitudinal Study. medRxiv 2023:2023.06.07.23291098. [PMID: 37398317 PMCID: PMC10312848 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.07.23291098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Importance Sleep disturbances and clinical sleep disorders are associated with all-cause dementia and neurodegenerative conditions. It remains unclear how longitudinal changes in sleep impact the incidence of cognitive impairment. Objective To evaluate how longitudinal sleep patterns contribute to age-related changes in cognitive function in healthy adults. Design Setting Participants This study utilizes retrospective longitudinal analyses of a community-based study within Seattle, evaluating self-reported sleep (1993-2012) and cognitive performance (1997-2020) in aged adults. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome is cognitive impairment as defined by sub-threshold performance on 2 of 4 neuropsychological batteries: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, Trail Making Test, and Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scale (Revised). Sleep duration was defined through self-report of 'average nightly sleep duration over the last week' and assessed longitudinally. Median sleep duration, change in sleep duration (slope), variability in sleep duration (standard deviation, Sleep Variability), and sleep phenotype ("Short Sleep" median ≤7hrs.; "Medium Sleep" median = 7hrs; "Long Sleep" median ≥7hrs.). Results A total of 822 individuals (mean age of 76.2 years [11.8]; 466 women [56.7%]; 216 APOE allele positive [26.3%]) were included in the study. Analysis using a Cox Proportional Hazard Regression model (concordance 0.70) showed that increased Sleep Variability (95% CI [1.27,3.86]) was significantly associated with the incidence of cognitive impairment. Further analysis using linear regression prediction analysis (R2=0.201, F (10, 168)=6.010, p=2.67E-07) showed that high Sleep Variability (β=0.3491; p=0.048) was a significant predictor of cognitive impairment over a 10-year period. Conclusions and Relevance High variability in longitudinal sleep duration was significantly associated with the incidence of cognitive impairment and predictive of decline in cognitive performance ten years later. These data highlight that instability in longitudinal sleep duration may contribute to age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Keil
- VISN 20 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Abigail G Schindler
- VISN 20 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
- Gerontology Division Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Marie X Wang
- VISN 20 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Juan Piantino
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Lisa C Silbert
- Neurology Service VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jonathan E Elliott
- Research Service VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Ronald G Thomas
- School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Sherry Willis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Miranda M Lim
- VISN 20 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
- Neurology Service VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Portland, OR
| | - Jeffrey J Iliff
- VISN 20 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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87
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Zhang Z, Li X, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Gan X, Xu X, Wu H. Association of gestational hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes with serum ferritin levels in early pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1067655. [PMID: 37547304 PMCID: PMC10400314 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1067655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Previous studies showed conflicting results linking body iron stores to the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and dyslipidemia. We aim to investigate the relationship between serum ferritin, and the prevalence of GDM, insulin resistance (IR) and hypertriglyceridemia. Methods A total of 781 singleton pregnant women of gestation in Shanghai General Hospital took part in the retrospective cohort study conducted. The participants were divided into four groups by quartiles of serum ferritin levels (Q1-4). Binary logistic regressions were used to examine the strength of association between the different traits and the serum ferritin (sFer) quartiles separately, where Q1 (lowest ferritin quartile) was taken as the base reference. One-way ANOVA was adopted to compare the averages of the different variables across Sfer quartiles. Results Compared with the lowest serum ferritin quartile (Q1), the ORs for Q3, and Q4 in our population were 1.79 (1.01-2.646), and 2.07 (1.089-2.562) respectively and this trend persisted even after adjusted for age and pre-BMI. Women with higher serum ferritin quartile including Q3 (OR=2.182, 95%CI=1.729-5.527, P=0.003) and Q4(OR=3.137, 95%CI=3.137-8.523, P<0.01)are prone to develop insulin resistance disorders. No significant difference was observed between sFer concentrations and gestational hypertriglyceridemia(GTG) in the comparison among these 4 groups across logistic regressions but TG was found positively correlated with increased ferritin values in the second trimester. Conclusions Increased concentrations of plasma ferritin in early pregnancy are significantly and positively associated with insulin resistance and incidence of GDM but not gestational dyslipidemia. Further clinical studies are warranted to determine whether it is necessary to encourage pregnant women to take iron supplement as a part of routine antenatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Wu
- *Correspondence: XianMing Xu, ; Hao Wu,
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88
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Khalifa O, Ouararhni K, Errafii K, Alajez NM, Arredouani A. Targeted MicroRNA Profiling Reveals That Exendin-4 Modulates the Expression of Several MicroRNAs to Reduce Steatosis in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11606. [PMID: 37511368 PMCID: PMC10380891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess hepatic lipid accumulation is the hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), for which no medication is currently approved. However, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), already approved for treating type 2 diabetes, have lately emerged as possible treatments. Herein we aim to investigate how the GLP-1RA exendin-4 (Ex-4) affects the microRNA (miRNAs) expression profile using an in vitro model of steatosis. Total RNA, including miRNAs, was isolated from control, steatotic, and Ex-4-treated steatotic cells and used for probing a panel of 799 highly curated miRNAs using NanoString technology. Enrichment pathway analysis was used to find the signaling pathways and cellular functions associated with the differentially expressed miRNAs. Our data shows that Ex-4 reversed the expression of a set of miRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted many relevant signaling pathways and cellular functions enriched in the differentially expressed miRNAs, including hepatic fibrosis, insulin receptor, PPAR, Wnt/β-Catenin, VEGF, and mTOR receptor signaling pathways, fibrosis of the liver, cirrhosis of the liver, proliferation of hepatic stellate cells, diabetes mellitus, glucose metabolism disorder and proliferation of liver cells. Our findings suggest that miRNAs may play essential roles in the processes driving steatosis reduction in response to GLP-1R agonists, which warrants further functional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Khalifa
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Khalid Ouararhni
- Genomics Core Facility, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43151, Morocco
| | - Nehad M Alajez
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
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89
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Redondo-Flórez L, Martín-Rodríguez A, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Neuro-Vulnerability in Energy Metabolism Regulation: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3106. [PMID: 37513524 PMCID: PMC10383861 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive narrative review explores the concept of neuro-vulnerability in energy metabolism regulation and its implications for metabolic disorders. The review highlights the complex interactions among the neural, hormonal, and metabolic pathways involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. The key topics discussed include the role of organs, hormones, and neural circuits in maintaining metabolic balance. The review investigates the association between neuro-vulnerability and metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and eating disorders, considering genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that influence neuro-vulnerability and subsequent metabolic dysregulation. Neuroendocrine interactions and the neural regulation of food intake and energy expenditure are examined, with a focus on the impact of neuro-vulnerability on appetite dysregulation and altered energy expenditure. The role of neuroinflammation in metabolic health and neuro-vulnerability is discussed, emphasizing the bidirectional relationship between metabolic dysregulation and neuroinflammatory processes. This review also evaluates the use of neuroimaging techniques in studying neuro-vulnerability and their potential applications in clinical settings. Furthermore, the association between neuro-vulnerability and eating disorders, as well as its contribution to obesity, is examined. Potential therapeutic interventions targeting neuro-vulnerability, including pharmacological treatments and lifestyle modifications, are reviewed. In conclusion, understanding the concept of neuro-vulnerability in energy metabolism regulation is crucial for addressing metabolic disorders. This review provides valuable insights into the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and their implications for metabolic health. Targeting neuro-vulnerability holds promise for developing innovative strategies in the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders, ultimately improving metabolic health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | | | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
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Manke MC, Roslan A, Walker B, Münzer P, Kollotzek F, Peng B, Mencl S, Coman C, Szepanowski RD, Schulze H, Lieberman AP, Lang F, Gawaz M, Kleinschnitz C, Lukowski R, Ahrends R, Bobe R, Borst O. Niemann-Pick C1 protein regulates platelet membrane-associated calcium ion signaling in thrombo-occlusive diseases in mice. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:1957-1966. [PMID: 37054918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathophysiologic platelet activation leads to thrombo-occlusive diseases such as myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke. Niemann-Pick C1 protein (NPC1) is involved in the regulation of lysosomal lipid trafficking and calcium ion (Ca2+) signaling, and its genetic mutation causes a lysosomal storage disorder. Lipids and Ca2+ are key players in the complex orchestration of platelet activation. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to determine the impact of NPC1 on Ca2+ mobilization during platelet activation in thrombo-occlusive diseases. METHODS Using MK/platelet-specific knockout mice of Npc1 (Npc1Pf4∆/Pf4∆), ex vivo and in vitro approaches as well as in vivo models of thrombosis, we investigated the effect of Npc1 on platelet function and thrombus formation. RESULTS We showed that Npc1Pf4∆/Pf4∆ platelets display increased sphingosine levels and a locally impaired membrane-associated and SERCA3-dependent Ca2+ mobilisation compared to platelets from wildtype littermates (Npc1lox/lox). Further, we observed decreased platelet. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that NPC1 regulates membrane-associated and SERCA3-dependent Ca2+ mobilization during platelet activation and that MK/platelet-specific ablation of Npc1 protects against experimental models of arterial thrombosis and myocardial or cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailin-Christin Manke
- DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology; Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Roslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Münzer
- DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology; Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Kollotzek
- DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology; Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bing Peng
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS, Dortmund, Germany; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stine Mencl
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cristina Coman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Rebecca D Szepanowski
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Schulze
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Régis Bobe
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Oliver Borst
- DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology; Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany.
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Zhen D, Ding L, Wang B, Wang X, Hou Y, Ding W, Portha B, Liu J. Oral administration of kynurenic acid delays the onset of type 2 diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17733. [PMID: 37424591 PMCID: PMC10328841 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous catabolite of tryptophan that has been found to demonstrate neuroprotective properties in psychiatric disorders. Recently, accumulating data have suggested that KYNA may also play a significant role in various metabolic diseases by stimulating energy metabolism in adipose tissue and muscle. However, whether KYNA can serves as an anti-diabetes agent has yet to be studied. In this study, we investigated the potential anti-diabetic effects of administering KYNA orally through drinking water in pre-diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats and examined how this treatment may influence energy metabolism regulation within the liver. We found that hyperglycemic Goto-Kakizaki rats showed lower plasmatic KYNA levels compared to normal rats. Oral administration of KYNA significantly delayed the onset of diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki rats compared to untreated animals. Moreover, we found that KYNA treatment significantly increased respiration exchange ratio and promoted the energy expenditure by stimulating the expression of uncoupling protein (UCP). We confirmed that KYNA stimulated the UCP expression in HepG2 cells and mouse hepatocytes at mRNA and protein levels. Our study reveals that KYNA could potentially act as an anti-diabetic agent and KYNA-induced UCP upregulation is closely associated with the regulation of energy metabolism. These results provide further evidence for the therapeutic potential of KYNA in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Zhen
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lina Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bao Wang
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenyu Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bernard Portha
- Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptive), CNRS UMR 8251, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Junjun Liu
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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92
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Lu X, Liu X, Zhong H, Zhang W, Yu S, Guan R. [Progress on three-dimensional cell culture technology and their application]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2023; 40:602-608. [PMID: 37380403 PMCID: PMC10307603 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202204062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model is a system that co-culture carriers with 3D structural materials and different types of cells in vitro to simulate the microenvironment in vivo. This novel cell culture model has been proved to be close to the natural system in vivo. In the process of cell attachment, migration, mitosis and apoptosis, it could produce biological reactions different from that of monolayer cell culture. Therefore, it can be used as an ideal model to evaluate the dynamic pharmacological effects of active substances and the metastasis process of cancer cells. This paper compared and analyzed the different characteristics of cell growth and development under two-dimensional (2D) and 3D model culture and introduced the establishment method of 3D cell model. The application progress of 3D cell culture technology in tumor model and intestinal absorption model was summarized. Finally, the application prospect of 3D cell model in the evaluation and screening of active substance was revealed. This review is expected to provide reference for the development and application of new 3D cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhen Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Rongfa Guan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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93
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Terrar DA. Timing mechanisms to control heart rhythm and initiate arrhythmias: roles for intracellular organelles, signalling pathways and subsarcolemmal Ca 2. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220170. [PMID: 37122228 PMCID: PMC10150226 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhythms of electrical activity in all regions of the heart can be influenced by a variety of intracellular membrane bound organelles. This is true both for normal pacemaker activity and for abnormal rhythms including those caused by early and delayed afterdepolarizations under pathological conditions. The influence of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) on cardiac electrical activity is widely recognized, but other intracellular organelles including lysosomes and mitochondria also contribute. Intracellular organelles can provide a timing mechanism (such as an SR clock driven by cyclic uptake and release of Ca2+, with an important influence of intraluminal Ca2+), and/or can act as a Ca2+ store involved in signalling mechanisms. Ca2+ plays many diverse roles including carrying electric current, driving electrogenic sodium-calcium exchange (NCX) particularly when Ca2+ is extruded across the surface membrane causing depolarization, and activation of enzymes which target organelles and surface membrane proteins. Heart function is also influenced by Ca2+ mobilizing agents (cADP-ribose, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate and inositol trisphosphate) acting on intracellular organelles. Lysosomal Ca2+ release exerts its effects via calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II to promote SR Ca2+ uptake, and contributes to arrhythmias resulting from excessive beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. A separate arrhythmogenic mechanism involves lysosomes, mitochondria and SR. Interacting intracellular organelles, therefore, have profound effects on heart rhythms and NCX plays a central role. This article is part of the theme issue 'The heartbeat: its molecular basis and physiological mechanisms'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A Terrar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
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94
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Purwaningrum M, Giachelli CM, Osathanon T, Rattanapuchpong S, Sawangmake C. Dissecting specific Wnt components governing osteogenic differentiation potential by human periodontal ligament stem cells through interleukin-6. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9055. [PMID: 37270571 PMCID: PMC10239497 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play a significant role on periodontal tissue and alveolar bone homeostasis. During inflammation, interleukin (IL)-6 serves as one of key cytokine players controlling tissue reaction as well as alveolar bone tissue remodeling. It is believed that periodontal tissue inflammation causes periodontium degradation, especially alveolar bone. However, in this study, we show that an inflammatory mediator, IL-6, may serve another direction on alveolar bone homeostasis during inflammatory condition. We found that, IL-6 at 10 and 20 ng/mL was not cytotoxic and dose-dependently exerted beneficial effects on osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs (hPDLSCs), as demonstrated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity, mRNA expression of osteogenic markers, and matrix mineralization. The presence of physiological and inflammatory level of IL-6, the osteogenic differentiation potential by hPDLSCs was enhanced by several possible mechanisms including transforming growth factor (TGF), Wnt, and Notch pathways. After in-depth and thorough exploration, we found that Wnt pathway serves as key regulator controlling osteogenic differentiation by hPDLSCs amid the IL-6 presentation. Surprisingly, apart from other mesenchymal stem cells, distinct Wnt components are employed by hPDLSCs, and both canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways are triggered by different mechanisms. Further validation by gene silencing, treatment with recombinant Wnt ligands, and β-catenin stabilization/translocation confirmed that IL-6 governed the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway via either WNT2B or WNT10B and employed WNT5A to activate the non-canonical Wnt pathway. These findings fulfill the homeostasis pathway governing periodontal tissue and alveolar bone regeneration and may serve for further therapeutic regimen design for restoring the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medania Purwaningrum
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Cecilia M Giachelli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry (CERD), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Rattanapuchpong
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Academic Affairs, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Chenphop Sawangmake
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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95
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Song J, Jiang Z, Wei X, Zhang Y, Bian B, Wang H, Gao W, Si N, Liu H, Cheng M, Zhao Z, Zhou Y, Zhao H. Integrated transcriptomics and lipidomics investigation of the mechanism underlying the gastrointestinal mucosa damage of Loropetalum chinense (R.Br.) and its representative component. Phytomedicine 2023; 114:154758. [PMID: 37001296 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loropetalum chinensis (R.Br) Oliv (Bhjm), a Chinese folk herbal medicine, was traditionally used in the treatment of wound bleeding and skin ulcers. A new drug named JIMUSAN granules used for gastrosia was developed by our group, and clinical trials have been approved. However, as the principal herb, the material basis and underlying mechanisms of Bhjm in attenuating gastrointestinal mucosa damage (GMD) remain to be systemically illuminated. PURPOSE An integrated strategy was used to explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Bhjm and ellagic acid (EA) on GMD zebrafish, using network pharmacology, transcriptomics, lipidomics, and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) verification. METHODS First, network pharmacological analysis was used to infer the major effective constituents and targets of Bhjm. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap/orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap HRMS) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) were employed to identify the chemical constituents and quantify the different types of constituents. Second, zebrafish model of GMD was established by using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) to evaluate the efficacy of Bhjm and EA. The potential mechanism was examined by integrated transcriptomics and lipidomics analysis. Finally, validation tests were implemented using RT-qPCR. RESULTS In this study, targets indentified by network pharmacology were related to inflammation and mucosal damage. Ten representative components that interacted with these targets were simultaneously determined by UHPLC-MS/MS. Sixty four compounds were identified or tentatively characterized, most of which were flavonoids and polyphenols. Bhjm and EA alleviated mucosal damage and reduced inflammation in a TNBS-induced zebrafish GMD model, indicating that EA was the main active compounds. Eight common differentially expressed genes were downregulated by Bhjm and EA, as determined by transcriptomics analysis. Lipidomics analysis confirmed 12 differential lipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC) and triglyceride (TG). Further network enrichment analysis demonstrated that differential lipid metabolism was regulated by klf4 and hist1h2ba, and were validated by RT-qPCR. CONCLUSION In our study, the chemical profile of Bhjm was clarified. Moreover, the GMD repair effect and the mechanism of Bhjm and EA was comprehensively analyzed for the first time, involving inflammation and lipid metabolism. Collectively, these findings will be significantly helpful for deeply exploring the clinical application value of Bhjm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Xiaolu Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenya Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyuan Liu
- Beijing Gushen Life Health Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yanyan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Mu-U-Min RBA, Diane A, Allouch A, Al-Siddiqi HH. Ca 2+-Mediated Signaling Pathways: A Promising Target for the Successful Generation of Mature and Functional Stem Cell-Derived Pancreatic Beta Cells In Vitro. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1577. [PMID: 37371672 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease affecting over 500 million adults globally and is mainly categorized as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), where pancreatic beta cells are destroyed, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by beta cell dysfunction. This review highlights the importance of the divalent cation calcium (Ca2+) and its associated signaling pathways in the proper functioning of beta cells and underlines the effects of Ca2+ dysfunction on beta cell function and its implications for the onset of diabetes. Great interest and promise are held by human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology to generate functional pancreatic beta cells from diabetic patient-derived stem cells to replace the dysfunctional cells, thereby compensating for insulin deficiency and reducing the comorbidities of the disease and its associated financial and social burden on the patient and society. Beta-like cells generated by most current differentiation protocols have blunted functionality compared to their adult human counterparts. The Ca2+ dynamics in stem cell-derived beta-like cells and adult beta cells are summarized in this review, revealing the importance of proper Ca2+ homeostasis in beta-cell function. Consequently, the importance of targeting Ca2+ function in differentiation protocols is suggested to improve current strategies to use hPSCs to generate mature and functional beta-like cells with a comparable glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) profile to adult beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razik Bin Abdul Mu-U-Min
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Abdoulaye Diane
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Asma Allouch
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Heba H Al-Siddiqi
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
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97
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Petrovic A, Igrec D, Rozac K, Bojanic K, Kuna L, Kolaric TO, Mihaljevic V, Sikora R, Smolic R, Glasnovic M, Wu GY, Smolic M. The Role of GLP1-RAs in Direct Modulation of Lipid Metabolism in Hepatic Tissue as Determined Using In Vitro Models of NAFLD. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4544-4556. [PMID: 37367037 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been shown to improve glucose and lipid homeostasis, promote weight loss, and reduce cardiovascular risk factors. They are a promising therapeutic option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disease, associated with T2DM, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. GLP-1RAs have been approved for the treatment of T2DM and obesity, but not for NAFLD. Most recent clinical trials have suggested the importance of early pharmacologic intervention with GLP-1RAs in alleviating and limiting NAFLD, as well as highlighting the relative scarcity of in vitro studies on semaglutide, indicating the need for further research. However, extra-hepatic factors contribute to the GLP-1RA results of in vivo studies. Cell culture models of NAFLD can be helpful in eliminating extrahepatic effects on the alleviation of hepatic steatosis, modulation of lipid metabolism pathways, reduction of inflammation, and prevention of the progression of NAFLD to severe hepatic conditions. In this review article, we discuss the role of GLP-1 and GLP-1RA in the treatment of NAFLD using human hepatocyte models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Petrovic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dunja Igrec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Karla Rozac
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristina Bojanic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Health Center Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lucija Kuna
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Tea Omanovic Kolaric
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vjera Mihaljevic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Renata Sikora
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Health Center Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Robert Smolic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Glasnovic
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - George Y Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastrenterology/Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Martina Smolic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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98
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Zhang H, Vladmir C, Zhang Z, Zhou W, Xu J, Zhao W, Chen Y, He M, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang H. Serum Uric Acid Levels Are Related to Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, Especially for Motor Conduction Velocity of Tibial Nerve in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:3060013. [PMID: 37250373 PMCID: PMC10212674 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3060013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is one of the most critical factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of neuronal damage, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Uric acid is a kind of natural antioxidant that plays a major role in the antioxidant capacity against oxidative stress. Here, we aim to determine the role of serum uric acid (SUA) in the DPN of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients and Methods. 106 patients with T2DM were recruited and divided into the DPN group and the control group. Clinical parameters, especially for motor nerve fiber conduction velocity and sensory nerve fiber conduction velocity, were collected. Differences between T2DM patients with and without DPN were compared. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to explore the association between SUA and DPN. Results Compare with 57 patients with DPN, 49 patients without DPN showed lower HbA1c and elevated SUA levels. Additionally, SUA levels are negatively associated with the motor conduction velocity of tibial nerve with or without adjusting for HbA1c. Besides, it is suggested that decreased SUA levels may influence the motor conduction speed of the tibial nerve by multiple linear regression analysis. Moreover, we demonstrated that decreased SUA level is a risk factor for DPN in patients with T2DM by binary logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Lower SUA is a risk factor for DPN in patients with T2DM. Additionally, decreased SUA may influence the damage of peripheral neuropathy, especially for motor conduction velocity of the tibial nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Carvalho Vladmir
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wanwan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Graduate School, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Graduate School, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengting He
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haoqiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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99
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Refisch A, Sen ZD, Klassert TE, Busch A, Besteher B, Danyeli LV, Helbing D, Schulze-Späte U, Stallmach A, Bauer M, Panagiotou G, Jacobsen ID, Slevogt H, Opel N, Walter M. Microbiome and immuno-metabolic dysregulation in patients with major depressive disorder with atypical clinical presentation. Neuropharmacology 2023; 235:109568. [PMID: 37182790 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Depression is highly prevalent (6% 1-year prevalence) and is the second leading cause of disability worldwide. Available treatment options for depression are far from optimal, with response rates only around 50%. This is most likely related to a heterogeneous clinical presentation of major depression disorder (MDD), suggesting different manifestations of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Poorer treatment outcomes to first-line antidepressants were reported in MDD patients endorsing an "atypical" symptom profile that is characterized by preserved reactivity in mood, increased appetite, hypersomnia, a heavy sensation in the limbs, and interpersonal rejection sensitivity. In recent years, evidence has emerged that immunometabolic biological dysregulation is an important underlying pathophysiological mechanism in depression, which maps more consistently to atypical features. In the last few years human microbial residents have emerged as a key influencing variable associated with immunometabolic dysregulations in depression. The microbiome plays a critical role in the training and development of key components of the host's innate and adaptive immune systems, while the immune system orchestrates the maintenance of key features of the host-microbe symbiosis. Moreover, by being a metabolically active ecosystem commensal microbes may have a huge impact on signaling pathways, involved in underlying mechanisms leading to atypical depressive symptoms. In this review, we discuss the interplay between the microbiome and immunometabolic imbalance in the context of atypical depressive symptoms. Although research in this field is in its infancy, targeting biological determinants in more homogeneous clinical presentations of MDD may offer new avenues for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for treatment-resistant depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Refisch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany.
| | - Zümrüt Duygu Sen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tilman E Klassert
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany; Respiratory Infection Dynamics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anne Busch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena, Germany
| | - Bianca Besteher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| | - Lena Vera Danyeli
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dario Helbing
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany; Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schulze-Späte
- Section of Geriodontics, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Stallmach
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena, Germany; Theoretical Microbial Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Gianni Panagiotou
- Department of Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Ilse D Jacobsen
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany, and Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany; Respiratory Infection Dynamics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr, Braunschweig, Germany; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
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100
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Slieker RC, Donnelly LA, Akalestou E, Lopez-Noriega L, Melhem R, Güneş A, Abou Azar F, Efanov A, Georgiadou E, Muniangi-Muhitu H, Sheikh M, Giordano GN, Åkerlund M, Ahlqvist E, Ali A, Banasik K, Brunak S, Barovic M, Bouland GA, Burdet F, Canouil M, Dragan I, Elders PJM, Fernandez C, Festa A, Fitipaldi H, Froguel P, Gudmundsdottir V, Gudnason V, Gerl MJ, van der Heijden AA, Jennings LL, Hansen MK, Kim M, Leclerc I, Klose C, Kuznetsov D, Mansour Aly D, Mehl F, Marek D, Melander O, Niknejad A, Ottosson F, Pavo I, Duffin K, Syed SK, Shaw JL, Cabrera O, Pullen TJ, Simons K, Solimena M, Suvitaival T, Wretlind A, Rossing P, Lyssenko V, Legido Quigley C, Groop L, Thorens B, Franks PW, Lim GE, Estall J, Ibberson M, Beulens JWJ, 't Hart LM, Pearson ER, Rutter GA. Identification of biomarkers for glycaemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2533. [PMID: 37137910 PMCID: PMC10156700 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We identify biomarkers for disease progression in three type 2 diabetes cohorts encompassing 2,973 individuals across three molecular classes, metabolites, lipids and proteins. Homocitrulline, isoleucine and 2-aminoadipic acid, eight triacylglycerol species, and lowered sphingomyelin 42:2;2 levels are predictive of faster progression towards insulin requirement. Of ~1,300 proteins examined in two cohorts, levels of GDF15/MIC-1, IL-18Ra, CRELD1, NogoR, FAS, and ENPP7 are associated with faster progression, whilst SMAC/DIABLO, SPOCK1 and HEMK2 predict lower progression rates. In an external replication, proteins and lipids are associated with diabetes incidence and prevalence. NogoR/RTN4R injection improved glucose tolerance in high fat-fed male mice but impaired it in male db/db mice. High NogoR levels led to islet cell apoptosis, and IL-18R antagonised inflammatory IL-18 signalling towards nuclear factor kappa-B in vitro. This comprehensive, multi-disciplinary approach thus identifies biomarkers with potential prognostic utility, provides evidence for possible disease mechanisms, and identifies potential therapeutic avenues to slow diabetes progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick C Slieker
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Louise A Donnelly
- Population Health & Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Elina Akalestou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Livia Lopez-Noriega
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rana Melhem
- CHUM Research Centre and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ayşim Güneş
- IRCM and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Alexander Efanov
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Eleni Georgiadou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hermine Muniangi-Muhitu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mahsa Sheikh
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Mikael Åkerlund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ashfaq Ali
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marko Barovic
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerard A Bouland
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frédéric Burdet
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Iulian Dragan
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Petra J M Elders
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC-location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Andreas Festa
- Eli Lilly Regional Operations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- 1st Medical Department, LK Stockerau, Niederösterreich, Austria
| | - Hugo Fitipaldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Phillippe Froguel
- INSERM U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, F-59000, France
- Division of Systems Biology, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Valborg Gudmundsdottir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | | | - Amber A van der Heijden
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC-location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lori L Jennings
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael K Hansen
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicines, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Leclerc
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- CHUM Research Centre and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Dmitry Kuznetsov
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Florence Mehl
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diana Marek
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anne Niknejad
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Filip Ottosson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Section for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Imre Pavo
- Eli Lilly Regional Operations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kevin Duffin
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Samreen K Syed
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Janice L Shaw
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Over Cabrera
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Timothy J Pullen
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Diabetes, Guy's Campus King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
- Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cristina Legido Quigley
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicines, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gareth E Lim
- CHUM Research Centre and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Leen M 't Hart
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Ewan R Pearson
- Population Health & Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- CHUM Research Centre and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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