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Chen P, Yawar W, Farooqui AR, Ali S, Lathiya N, Ghous Z, Sultan R, Alhomrani M, Alghamdi SA, Almalki AA, Alghamdi AA, ALSuhaymi N, Razi Ul Islam Hashmi M, Hameed Y. Transcriptomics data integration and analysis to uncover hallmark genes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:637-653. [PMID: 38463581 PMCID: PMC10918138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heterogeneous disease that mainly affects the myocardium. In the current study, we aim to explore HCM-related hub genes through the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCM and normal sample groups. METHODS The GSE68316 and GSE36961 expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for the identification of DEGs, to explore hub genes, and to perform their expression analysis. Clinical HCM and control tissue samples were taken for expression and promoter methylation validation analysis via RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and targeted bisulfite sequencing (bisulfite-seq) analyses. Then, other different bioinformatics tools were employed to perform STRING, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks, gene enrichment, and drug prediction analyses. RESULTS In total, the top 20 DEGs, including 10 up-regulated and 10 down-regulated, were obtained from GSE68316. Out of the 20 DEGs, we subsequently identified the 8 most important hub genes including 5 up-regulated genes (EPB42, UQCRH, CA1, PFDN5, and LSM5) and 3 down-regulated genes (RPS24, TNS1, and RPL26). Expression and promoter methylation dysregulation of these genes were further validated on clinical HCM samples paired with controls. Next, we further investigated hub genes' regulatory 6 miRNAs (has-mir-1-3p, has-mir-129-5p, has-mir-16-5p, has-mir-23b-3p, has-mir-27-3p, and has-mir-182-5p) and miRNAs regulatory 4 lncRNAs (NUTMB2-AS1, NEAT1, XIST, and GABPB1-AS1) in this study via the lncRNA-cricRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. Later on, gene enrichment analysis revealed that hub genes were enriched in various important pathways including Nitrogen metabolism, Ribosome, RNA degradation, Cardiac muscle contraction, and Coronavirus disease, etc. Finally, the drug prediction analysis highlighted different potential candidate drugs for altering the expression of hub genes in the treatment of HCM. CONCLUSION In summary, the identification of key hub genes and their enrichment analysis in the current study may shed light on the mechanisms behind the occurrence and development of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Taiyuan Central HospitalTaiyuan 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Warda Yawar
- Department of Emergency, PPHISindh, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | | | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Computer Science, University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Nida Lathiya
- Department of Physiology, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Sohail UniversityKarachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ghous
- Department of Cardiology, Punjab Institute of CardiologyLahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Sultan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesBahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif UniversityTaif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Research Centre for Health Sciences, Taif UniversityTaif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Alghamdi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif UniversityTaif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulraheem Ali Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif UniversityTaif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Alghamdi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif UniversityTaif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif ALSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences - AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura UniversityMekkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yasir Hameed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
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Elahimanesh M, Shokri N, Mahdinia E, Mohammadi P, Parvaz N, Najafi M. Differential gene expression patterns in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3424. [PMID: 38341440 PMCID: PMC10858964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54086-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and Non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) might occur because of coronary artery stenosis. The gene biomarkers apply to the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic decisions in Myocardial Infarction. The aim of this study was to introduce, enrich and estimate timely the blood gene profiles based on the high-throughput data for the molecular distinction of STEMI and NSTEMI. The text mining data (50 genes) annotated with DisGeNET data (144 genes) were merged with the GEO gene expression data (5 datasets) using R software. Then, the STEMI and NSTEMI networks were primarily created using the STRING server, and improved using the Cytoscape software. The high-score genes were enriched using the KEGG signaling pathways and Gene Ontology (GO). Furthermore, the genes were categorized to determine the NSTEMI and STEMI gene profiles. The time cut-off points were identified statistically by monitoring the gene profiles up to 30 days after Myocardial Infarction (MI). The gene heatmaps were clearly created for the STEMI (high-fold genes 69, low-fold genes 45) and NSTEMI (high-fold genes 68, low-fold genes 36). The STEMI and NSTEMI networks suggested the high-score gene profiles. Furthermore, the gene enrichment suggested the different biological conditions for STEMI and NSTEMI. The time cut-off points for the NSTEMI (4 genes) and STEMI (13 genes) gene profiles were established up to three days after Myocardial Infarction. The study showed the different pathophysiologic conditions for STEMI and NSTEMI. Furthermore, the high-score gene profiles are suggested to measure up to 3 days after MI to distinguish the STEMI and NSTEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Elahimanesh
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Shokri
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Mahdinia
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Mohammadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Parvaz
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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53
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Zhou X, Chen R, Cai Y, Chen Q. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: A Prospective Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:647-659. [PMID: 38347911 PMCID: PMC10860394 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s447784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to summarize the role of gastrointestinal microbiome (GM) in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Besides, we discuss the feasibility of applying FMT in the treatment of T2DM and propose a series of processes to refine the use of FMT in the treatment of T2DM. Recent Findings T2DM is a metabolic disease which is connected with the GM. According to many researches, GM can produce a variety of metabolites such as bile acid, short chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides and trimethylamine oxide which play an important role in metabolism. FMT is a method to regulate GM and has been observed to be effective in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as T2DM in some mouse models and people. However, there is still a lack of direct evidence for the use of FMT in the treatment of T2DM, and the process of FMT is not standardized. Summary Dysregulation of GM is closely related to the development of T2DM. Promoting the conversion of GM in T2DM patients to normal population through FMT can reduce insulin resistance and lower their blood glucose level, which is an optional treatment for T2DM patients in the future. At present, the feasibility and limitations of applying FMT to the treatment of T2DM need to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rumeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yichen Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Behroozizad N, Mahmoodpoor A, Shadvar K, Ardebil RA, Pahnvar AJ, Sohrabifar N, Kazeminasab S. Evaluation of circulating levels of miR-135a and miR-193 in patients with sepsis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:282. [PMID: 38324210 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening condition where early diagnosis and prognostic awareness provide guidance for selecting the appropriate treatment strategies. A wide variety of biomarker-based studies in clinical medicine provide new insights into personalized medicine for sepsis patients. MiRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNA molecules that have been acting as great potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in various diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, the expression levels of two selected miRNAs, including miR-135a and miR-193, were evaluated for their prognostic potential in patients with sepsis. The circulating levels of miRNAs were quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in patients with sepsis (n = 100) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 100). Statistical findings confirmed the valuable prognostic potential of miR-135a in patients with sepsis, while no significant difference was found between the miR-193 expression level in the patients with sepsis and the controls. CONCLUSIONS Circulating levels of miRNA-135a can serve a the prognostic biomarker for patients with sepsis. These findings highlight the importance of miRNAs as signatures in the personalized managements of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Behroozizad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamran Shadvar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Asghari Ardebil
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aynour Jalali Pahnvar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab- Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Sohrabifar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Kazeminasab
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Sadr Laboratories Group, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Tabriz, Iran.
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Leszto K, Frąk W, Kurciński S, Sinkowska J, Skwira S, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Associations of Dietary and Lifestyle Components with Atrial Fibrillation. Nutrients 2024; 16:456. [PMID: 38337740 PMCID: PMC10856828 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia that still remains a significant health concern, especially due to its consequences, including stroke and heart failure. This review explores the intricate interplay between AF, lifestyle choices, and dietary habits. It is particularly focused on findings from diverse studies about non-pharmacological methods of managing AF. Moreover, its purpose is to elucidate the implementation of lifestyle changes such as physical activity or proper diet choices in the integrated treatment strategy of patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Leszto
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (K.L.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Weronika Frąk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (K.L.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Szymon Kurciński
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (K.L.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Julia Sinkowska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (K.L.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sylwia Skwira
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (K.L.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (K.L.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (K.L.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
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Gallo A, Agnese V, Sciacca S, Scardulla C, Cipriani M, Pilato M, Oh JK, Pasta S, Maalouf J, Conaldi PG, Bellavia D. MicroRNA-30d and -483-3p for bi-ventricular remodelling and miR-126-3p for pulmonary hypertension in advanced heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:155-166. [PMID: 37864482 PMCID: PMC10804158 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS MicroRNAs play a role in pathogenic mechanisms leading to heart failure. We measured a panel of 754 miRNAs in the myocardial tissue and in the serum of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction due to dilatative idiopathic cardiomyopathy (DCM, N = 10) or ischaemic cardiomyopathy (N = 3), referred to left ventricular assist device implant. We aim to identify circulating miRNAs with high tissue co-expression, significantly associated to echocardiographic and haemodynamic measures. METHODS AND RESULTS We have measured a panel of 754 miRNAs in the myocardial tissue [left ventricular (LV) apex] and in the serum obtained at the same time in a well selected study population of end-stage heart failure with reduced ejection fraction due to either DCM or ischaemic cardiomyopathy, referred to continuous flow left ventricular assist device implant. We observed moderate agreement for miR-30d, miR-126-3p, and miR-483-3p. MiR-30d was correlated to LV systolic as well as diastolic volumes (r = 0.78, P = 0.001 and r = 0.80, P = 0.005, respectively), while miR-126-3p was associated to mPAP and PCWP (r = -0.79, P = 0.007 and r = -0.80, P = 0.005, respectively). Finally, serum miR-483-3p had an association with right ventricular end diastolic diameter (r = -0.73, P = 0.02) and central venous pressure (CVP) (r - 0.68 p 0.03). CONCLUSIONS In patients with DCM, few miRNAs are co-expressed in serum and tissue: They are related to LV remodelling (miR-30d), post-capillary pulmonary artery pressure (miR-126-3p), and right ventricular remodelling/filling pressures (miR-483-3p). Further studies are needed to confirm their role in diagnosis, prognosis or as therapeutic targets in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergio Sciacca
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic TransplantationIRCCS‐ISMETTPalermoItaly
| | - Cesare Scardulla
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic TransplantationIRCCS‐ISMETTPalermoItaly
| | - Manlio Cipriani
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic TransplantationIRCCS‐ISMETTPalermoItaly
| | - Michele Pilato
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic TransplantationIRCCS‐ISMETTPalermoItaly
| | - Jae K. Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular DiseasesMayo Clinic and FoundationRochesterMNUSA
| | | | - Joseph Maalouf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular DiseasesMayo Clinic and FoundationRochesterMNUSA
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Wu D, Liang S, Du X, Xiao J, Feng H, Ren Z, Yang X, Yang X. Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation and fecal virome transplantation on LPS-induced intestinal injury in broilers. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103316. [PMID: 38128454 PMCID: PMC10776634 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The interesting roles and efficiencies of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have attracted considerable attention and have been gradually evidenced in specific animal models. While the growing evidence that bacteriophages play roles in FMT efficacy has attracted considerable interest. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of FMT and fecal virome transplantation (FVT) in improving inflammatory damage and ileal microbiota disorder in broilers. A total of 224 Arbor Acres broilers were selected at 1-day-old and randomly divided into the following 4 groups, with 56 broilers in each group: the CON group (the negative control group, sterile physiological saline injection + sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution gavage), LPS group (the positive control group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection + sterile PBS solution gavage), LPS + FMT group (LPS injection + FMT solution gavage), LPS + FVT group (LPS injection + FVT solution gavage). The results showed that: LPS injection significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ (P < 0.05) and IL-8 (P < 0.001) in ileal mucosa of broilers at 11th day of age (D11), while LPS + FMT and LPS + FVT did not; LPS injection significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of ZO-1 in ileal mucosa at D11 (P < 0.01), while LPS + FMT and LPS + FVT did not; at D11, compare to CON group, LPS injection and LPS + FMT significantly increased the relative abundance of virulence factor Rab2 interacting conserved protein A-related genes in broiler ileum contents (P < 0.05), while LPS + FVT had no significant difference with CON group (P > 0.05); at D11, LPS injection significantly downregulated the biosynthesis of antibiotics pathway (P < 0.05) in the ileal contents, while LPS + FVT did not. In conclusion, both FMT and FVT could promote the recovery of inflammation caused by LPS. Furthermore, FVT had shown less disadvantage stimulation on the broilers and could reduce the risk of transmission of pathogenic genes, compared to FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyu Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Saisai Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jinhao Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hongyu Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhouzheng Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Vinciguerra M, Dobrev D, Nattel S. Atrial fibrillation: pathophysiology, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024; 37:100785. [PMID: 38362554 PMCID: PMC10866930 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia affecting up to 1% of the general population. Its prevalence dramatically increases with age and could reach up to ∼10% in the elderly. The management of AF is a complex issue that is object of extensive ongoing basic and clinical research, it depends on its genetic and epigenetic causes, and it varies considerably geographically and also according to the ethnicity. Mechanistically, over the last decade, Genome Wide Association Studies have uncovered over 100 genetic loci associated with AF, and have shown that European ancestry is associated with elevated risk of AF. These AF-associated loci revolve around different types of disturbances, including inflammation, electrical abnormalities, and structural remodeling. Moreover, the discovery of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, involving non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation and histone modification, has allowed unravelling what modifications reshape the processes leading to arrhythmias. Our review provides a current state of the field regarding the identification and functional characterization of AF-related genetic and epigenetic regulatory networks, including ethnic differences. We discuss clear and emerging connections between genetic regulation and pathophysiological mechanisms of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Palma JA. Muscarinic control of cardiovascular function in humans: a review of current clinical evidence. Clin Auton Res 2024; 34:31-44. [PMID: 38305989 PMCID: PMC10994193 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-024-01016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the available evidence on the impact of muscarinic receptor modulation on cardiovascular control in humans. METHODS In this narrative Review we summarize data on cardiovascular endpoints from clinical trials of novel subtype-selective or quasi-selective muscarinic modulators, mostly PAMs, performed in the last decade. We also review the cardiovascular phenotype in recently described human genetic and autoimmune disorders affecting muscarinic receptors. RESULTS Recent advancements in the development of compounds that selectively target muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are expanding our knowledge about the physiological function of each muscarinic receptor subtype (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5). Among these novel compounds, positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have emerged as the preferred therapeutic to regulate muscarinic receptor subtype function. Many muscarinic allosteric and orthosteric modulators (including but not limited to xanomeline-trospium and emraclidine) are now in clinical development and approaching regulatory approval for multiple indications, including the treatment of cognitive and psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia as well as Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. The results of these clinical trials provide an opportunity to understand the influence of muscarinic modulation on cardiovascular autonomic control in humans. While the results and the impact of each of these therapies on heart rate and blood pressure control have been variable, in part because the clinical trials were not specifically designed to measure cardiovascular endpoints, the emerging data is valuable to elucidate the relative cardiovascular contributions of each muscarinic receptor subtype. CONCLUSION Understanding the muscarinic control of cardiovascular function is of paramount importance and may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for treating cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose-Alberto Palma
- Department of Neurology, NYU Dysautonomia Center, New York University School of Medicine, 530 First Av, Suite 9Q, New York, 10016, USA.
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Bains S, Garmany R, Neves R, Giudicessi JR, Gao X, Tester DJ, Bos JM, Ackerman MJ. Temporal Association Between Vaping and Risk of Cardiac Events. Mayo Clin Proc 2024; 99:241-248. [PMID: 38309936 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe our early observations with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and sudden death (SD) in patients using vape products. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of Mayo Clinic's Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic and Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory was performed on all SCA survivors and decedents who presented between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2021, to identify patients/decedents with a history of vaping. Data abstraction included patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and documented use of vape products. RESULTS Among 144 SCA survivors and 360 SD victims, there were six individuals (1%; 3 females) with unexplained SCA (n=4) or SD (n=2) that was temporally associated with vaping use with a mean age at sentinel event of 23±5 years. The SCA survivors include a 19-year-old male who was resuscitated from documented ventricular fibrillation 40 minutes after vaping and a 19-year-old male who was resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation a few hours post vaping. The first SD victim was a 19-year-old female with exercise-induced asthma who died in her sleep after vaping that evening. Autopsy results showed eosinophilic infiltrates in the lung tissue and death was attributed to bronchial asthma. The second vaping-associated death involved a 26-year-old male whose autopsy attributed the death to acute respiratory distress syndrome. CONCLUSION We have identified six young individuals with a history of vaping who experienced a near fatal episode or a tragic SD. Although larger cohort studies are needed to quantify the actual risk of SD, it seems prudent to sound an early warning about vaping's potential lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahej Bains
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ramin Garmany
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Raquel Neves
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - John R Giudicessi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xiaozhi Gao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David J Tester
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (Division of Pediatric Cardiology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Martijn Bos
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (Division of Pediatric Cardiology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (Division of Pediatric Cardiology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Pakmehr A, Mousavi SM, Ejtahed HS, Hoseini-Tavassol Z, Siadat SD, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B. The Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Ther 2024; 46:e87-e100. [PMID: 38087724 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) is increasing along with its predisposing factors and adverse consequences. As gut microbiota dysbiosis is established in these patients, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which alters the bacterial composition of the intestine, supposedly can help improve cardiometabolic disturbances. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the impact of FMT on the cardiometabolic parameters and gut microbiota composition of patients experiencing at least one cardiometabolic issue. METHODS Eligible studies were searched through the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until December 2022. The initial search results underwent duplication removal and screening until each included study was scanned for intended data. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate the methodologic accuracy of studies and the random effects model was used for conducting the meta-analysis. FINDINGS Eighteen of the original 2414 articles from the literature search were entered into the systematic review; of these, 11 were included in the meta-analysis. Insulin showed a significant decrease by 24.7 pmol/L (weighted mean difference [WMD], -24.77; 95% CI, -48.704 to -0.848) after short-term follow-up, and HDL increased by 0.1 mmol/l(WMD, 0.106; 95% CI, 0.027 to 0.184) and 0.12 mmol/l(WMD, 0.120; 95% CI, 0.003 to 0.237) in those using a capsule deliver mode and in short-term follow-up, respectively. No significant changes were seen in other lipid profiles, blood glucose, insulin resistance, or anthropometric indices. In addition, multiple studies reported gut microbiota alterations after the intervention, including an increase in butyrate-producing species. IMPLICATIONS Although some articles reported the beneficial effects of FMT on metabolic parameters, we failed to find a clinically significant alteration. Also, information regarding proper donors and the best method to induce FMT have not yet been sufficiently investigated, which should be considered along with means to prevent potential damages. PROSPERO identifier: CRD42022380705.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Pakmehr
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Hoseini-Tavassol
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tao L, Qin Z, Lin L, Guo H, Liang Z, Wang T, Xu J, Xu M, Hua F, Su X. Long noncoding RNA lncPostn links TGF-β and p53 signaling pathways to transcriptional regulation of cardiac fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C457-C472. [PMID: 38145299 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00515.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts are essential for the homeostasis of the extracellular matrix, whose remodeling in many cardiovascular diseases leads to fibrosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with cardiac pathologies, but their functions in cardiac fibroblasts and contributions to cardiac fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we aimed to identify fibroblast-enriched lncRNAs essential in myocardial infarction (MI)-induced fibrosis and explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for their functions. Global lncRNA profiling was performed in post-MI mouse heart ventricles and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-treated primary cardiac fibroblasts and confirmed in published data sets. We identified the cardiac fibroblast-enriched lncPostn, whose expression is stimulated in cardiac fibrosis induced by MI and the extracellular growth factor TGF-β. The promoter of lncPostn contains a functional TGF-β response element, and lncPostn knockdown suppresses TGF-β-stimulated cardiac fibroblast activation and improves cardiac functions post-MI. LncPostn stabilizes and recruits EP300 to the profibrotic periostin's promoter, representing a major mechanism for its transcriptional activation. Moreover, both MI and TGF-β enhance lncPostn expression while suppressing the cellular growth gatekeeper p53. TGF-β and p53 knockdown-induced profibrotic gene expression and fibrosis occur mainly through lncPostn and show additive effects. Finally, levels of serum lncPostn are significantly increased in patients' postacute MI and show a strong correlation with fibrosis markers, revealing a potential biomarker of cardiac fibrosis. Our findings identify the fibroblast-enriched lncPostn as a potent profibrotic factor, providing a transcriptional link between TGF-β and p53 signaling pathways to regulate fibrosis in cardiac fibroblasts.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cardiac fibroblasts are essential for the homeostasis of the extracellular matrix, whose remodeling in many cardiovascular diseases leads to fibrosis. Long noncoding RNAs are functional and contribute to the biological processes of cardiovascular development and disorders. Our findings identify the fibroblast-enriched lncPostn as a potent profibrotic factor and demonstrate that serum lncPostn level may serve as a potential biomarker of human cardiac fibrosis postacute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichan Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiani Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Echocardiography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Hua
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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Huang Y, Wang T, Jiang C, Li S, Zhou H, Li R. Relish-facilitated lncRNA-CR11538 suppresses Drosophila Imd immune response and maintains immune homeostasis via decoying Relish away from antimicrobial peptide promoters. Dev Comp Immunol 2024; 151:105098. [PMID: 37956726 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity plays a crucial role in host defense against pathogen invasion and its strength and duration requires precise control. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become important regulators of innate immunity, yet their roles in Drosophila immune responses remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified that the overexpression of lncRNA-CR11538 inhibits the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) Dpt and AttA in Drosophila upon Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection, and influences the survival rate of flies after E. cloacae infection. Mechanically, lncRNA-CR11538 decoys Relish away from AMPs promoter region. We further revealed that Relish can promote the transcription of lncRNA-CR11538. After analyzing the dynamic expression profile of lncRNA-CR11538 during Imd immune response, we put forward a hypothesis that in the late stage of Imd immune response, lncRNA-CR11538 can be activated by Relish and further decoy Relish away from the AMPs promoter to suppress excessive immune signal and maintain immune homeostasis. This mechanism we proposed provides insights into the complex regulatory networks controlling immune responses in Drosophila and suggests potential targets for therapeutic intervention in diseases involving dysregulated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, PR China
| | - Tan Wang
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, PR China
| | - Chun Jiang
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, PR China
| | - Hongjian Zhou
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Ruimin Li
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Hao M, Yang X, Zhang S, Han J, Wang Z, Chen HN. Reactive oxygen species in colorectal cancer adjuvant therapies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166922. [PMID: 37898425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a prevalent global malignancy, often necessitates adjuvant therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy to mitigate tumor burden in advanced stages. The efficacy of these therapies is significantly influenced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous research underscores the pivotal role of ROS in gut pathology, targeted therapy, and drug resistance. ROS-mediated CRC adjuvant therapies encompass a myriad of mechanisms, including cell death and proliferation, survival and cell cycle, DNA damage, metabolic reprogramming, and angiogenesis. Preliminary clinical trials have begun to unveil the potential of ROS-manipulating therapy in enhancing CRC adjuvant therapies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of studies exploring the role of ROS in CRC adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Colorectal Cancer Center and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengqiu Hao
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuyang Yang
- Colorectal Cancer Center and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junhong Han
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Colorectal Cancer Center and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hai-Ning Chen
- Colorectal Cancer Center and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Fullerton KE, Clark AP, Krogh-Madsen T, Christini DJ. Optimization of a cardiomyocyte model illuminates role of increased INa,L in repolarization reserve. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H334-H345. [PMID: 38038718 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00553.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac ion currents may compensate for each other when one is compromised by a congenital or drug-induced defect. Such redundancy contributes to a robust repolarization reserve that can prevent the development of lethal arrhythmias. Most efforts made to describe this phenomenon have quantified contributions by individual ion currents. However, it is important to understand the interplay between all major ion-channel conductances, as repolarization reserve is dependent on the balance between all ion currents in a cardiomyocyte. Here, a genetic algorithm was designed to derive profiles of nine ion-channel conductances that optimize repolarization reserve in a mathematical cardiomyocyte model. Repolarization reserve was quantified using a previously defined metric, repolarization reserve current, i.e., the minimum constant current to prevent normal action potential repolarization in a cell. The optimization improved repolarization reserve current up to 84% compared to baseline in a human adult ventricular myocyte model and increased resistance to arrhythmogenic insult. The optimized conductance profiles were not only characterized by increased repolarizing current conductances but also uncovered a previously unreported behavior by the late sodium current. Simulations demonstrated that upregulated late sodium increased action potential duration, without compromising repolarization reserve current. The finding was generalized to multiple models. Ultimately, this computational approach, in which multiple currents were studied simultaneously, illuminated mechanistic insights into how the metric's magnitude could be increased and allowed for the unexpected role of late sodium to be elucidated.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Genetic algorithms are typically used to fit models or extract desired parameters from data. Here, we use the tool to produce a ventricular cardiomyocyte model with increased repolarization reserve. Since arrhythmia mitigation is dependent on multiple cardiac ion-channel conductances, study using a comprehensive, unbiased, and systems-level approach is important. The use of this optimization strategy allowed us to find robust profiles that illuminated unexpected mechanistic determinants of key ion-channel conductances in repolarization reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin E Fullerton
- Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Alexander P Clark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Trine Krogh-Madsen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - David J Christini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, United States
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Tang X, Liu H, Rao R, Huang Y, Dong M, Xu M, Feng S, Shi X, Wang L, Wang Z, Zhou B. Modeling drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity with human primary cardiomyocytes. Sci China Life Sci 2024; 67:301-319. [PMID: 37864082 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2369-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial toxicity induced by therapeutic drugs is a major contributor for cardiotoxicity, posing a serious threat to pharmaceutical industries and patients' lives. However, mitochondrial toxicity testing is not incorporated into routine cardiac safety screening procedures. To accurately model native human cardiomyocytes, we comprehensively evaluated mitochondrial responses of adult human primary cardiomyocytes (hPCMs) to a nucleoside analog, remdesivir (RDV). Comparison of their response to human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes revealed that the latter utilized a mitophagy-based mitochondrial recovery response that was absent in hPCMs. Accordingly, action potential duration was elongated in hPCMs, reflecting clinical incidences of RDV-induced QT prolongation. In a screen for mitochondrial protectants, we identified mitochondrial ROS as a primary mediator of RDV-induced cardiotoxicity. Our study demonstrates the utility of hPCMs in the detection of clinically relevant cardiac toxicities, and offers a framework for hPCM-based high-throughput screening of cardioprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Rongjia Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yafei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Mengqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Miaomiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Shanshan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Zengwu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Bingying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Searles CD. MicroRNAs and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Curr Cardiol Rep 2024; 26:51-60. [PMID: 38206553 PMCID: PMC10844442 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-02014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-short, non-coding RNAs-play important roles in almost all aspects of cardiovascular biology, and changes in intracellular miRNA expression are indicative of cardiovascular disease development and progression. Extracellular miRNAs, which are easily measured in blood and can be reflective of changes in intracellular miRNA levels, have emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers for disease. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding miRNAs as biomarkers for assessing cardiovascular disease risk and prognosis. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous studies over the last 10-15 years have identified associations between extracellular miRNA profiles and cardiovascular disease, supporting the potential use of extracellular miRNAs as biomarkers for risk stratification. However, clinical application of extracellular miRNA profiles has been hampered by poor reproducibility and inter-study variability that is due largely to methodological differences between studies. While recent studies indicate that circulating extracellular miRNAs are promising biomarkers for cardiovascular disease, evidence for clinical implementation is lacking. This highlights the need for larger, well-designed studies that use standardized methods for sample preparation, miRNA isolation, quantification, and normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Searles
- Emory University School of Medicine and Atlanta VA Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA.
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Elrebehy MA, Abulsoud AI, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel Mageed SS, Elshaer SS, Fathi D, Rizk NI, Moustafa YM, Elballal MS, Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Zaki MB, Mahmoud AMA, Rashad AA, Sawan ES, Al-Noshokaty TM, Saber S, Doghish AS. Tuning into miRNAs: A comprehensive analysis of their impact on diagnosis, and progression in asthma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155147. [PMID: 38246033 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a diverse inflammatory illness affecting the respiratory passages, leading to breathing challenges, bouts of coughing and wheezing, and, in severe instances, significant deterioration in quality of life. Epigenetic regulation, which involves the control of gene expression through processes such as post-transcriptional modulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), plays a role in the evolution of various asthma subtypes. In immune-mediated diseases, miRNAs play a regulatory role in the behavior of cells that form the airway structure and those responsible for defense mechanisms in the bronchi and lungs. They control various cellular processes such as survival, growth, proliferation, and the production of chemokines and immune mediators. miRNAs possess chemical and biological characteristics that qualify them as suitable biomarkers for diseases. They allow for the categorization of patients to optimize drug selection, thus streamlining clinical management and decreasing both the economic burden and the necessity for critical care related to the disease. This study provides a concise overview of the functions of miRNAs in asthma and elucidates their regulatory effects on the underlying processes of the disease. We provide a detailed account of the present status of miRNAs as biomarkers for categorizing asthma, identifying specific asthma subtypes, and selecting appropriate treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Abdulla M A Mahmoud
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Rashad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Eman S Sawan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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He B, Guo W, Shi R, Hoffman RD, Luo Q, Hu YJ, Gao J. Ruyong formula improves thymus function of CUMS-stimulated breast cancer mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117164. [PMID: 37717843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ruyong Formula (RYF) is a famous Chinese herbal formula composed of 10 traditional Chinese herbs. It has been used as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer patients with depressive symptoms in China. However, its underlying pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the mechanism of RYF on the changes of thymus immune function in breast cancer body under mood disorders such as depression/anxiety. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to stimulate 4T1 breast cancer mice. The behavioral changes, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) level in brain, cytokeratin 5 (CK5) and 8 (CK8) expression in thymus, the proportion of T cell subsets, the thymic output, phenotypic changes of thymus epithelial cells (TECs), the expression levels of immune-related factors and downstream proteins of TSLP were analyzed after RYF treatment. RESULTS In CUMS stimulated group, the level of 5-HT in brain was significantly increased after RYF treatment. The output function of the thymus was improved, and the number of TECs in the medulla (CK5+), the proportion of CD3+CD4-CD8- (Double negative) and CD3+CD4+CD8+ (Double positive) T cells were all increased. The mRNA level of TSLP in mouse thymus was significantly decreased, but increased for IL-7. The protein levels of TSLP and Vimentin were decreased, but increased for p-STAT3, p-JAK2, E-cadherin, and p-PI3K p55 in vivo. In vitro study was showed the levels of Snail 1, Zeb 1 and Smad increased significantly in TGF-β1 group, and RYF could reverse their expression. CONCLUSIONS RYF could restore the structure and function of the thymus in depressed breast cancer mice by reversing the phenotypic changes of TECs and activating the JAK2/STAT3/PI3K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian He
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Wenqin Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Rongzhen Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Tangqi Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311106, China.
| | - Robert D Hoffman
- Yo San University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90066, USA.
| | - Qihan Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, China.
| | - Jianli Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Kragsnaes MS, Jensen JRB, Nilsson AC, Malik MI, Munk HL, Pedersen JK, Horn HC, Kruhøffer M, Kristiansen K, Mullish BH, Marchesi JR, Kjeldsen J, Röttger R, Ellingsen T. Dynamics of inflammation-associated plasma proteins following faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with psoriatic arthritis and healthy controls: exploratory findings from the FLORA trial. RMD Open 2024; 10:e003750. [PMID: 38296309 PMCID: PMC10836383 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The gut microbiota can mediate both pro and anti-inflammatory responses. In patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), we investigated the impact of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), relative to sham transplantation, on 92 inflammation-associated plasma proteins. METHODS This study relates to the FLORA trial cohort, where 31 patients with moderate-to-high peripheral PsA disease activity, despite at least 3 months of methotrexate treatment, were included in a 26-week, double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial. Participants were allocated to receive either one gastroscopic-guided healthy donor FMT (n=15) or sham (n=16). Patient plasma samples were collected at baseline, week 4, 12 and 26 while samples from 31 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were collected at baseline. Samples were analysed using proximity extension assay technology (Olink Target-96 Inflammation panel). RESULTS Levels of 26 proteins differed significantly between PsA and HC pre-FMT (adjusted p<0.05), of which 10 proteins were elevated in PsA: IL-6, CCL20, CCL19, CDCP1, FGF-21, HGF, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-18R1, monocyte chemotactic protein 3, and IL-2. In the FMT group, levels of 12 proteins changed significantly across all timepoints (tumour necrosis factor (TNF), CDCP1, IFN-γ, TWEAK, signalling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAMF1), CD8A, CD5, Flt3L, CCL25, FGF-23, CD6, caspase-8). Significant differences in protein levels between FMT and sham-treated patients were observed for TNF (p=0.002), IFN-γ (p=0.011), stem cell factor (p=0.024), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (p=0.038), and SLAMF1 (p=0.042). FMT had the largest positive effect on IFN-γ, Axin-1 and CCL25 and the largest negative effect on CCL19 and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Patients with active PsA have a distinct immunological plasma protein signature compared with HC pre-FMT. FMT affects several of these disease markers, including sustained elevation of IFN-γ. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03058900.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Skov Kragsnaes
- Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Muhammad Irfan Malik
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (IMADA), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Heidi Lausten Munk
- Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Kristian Pedersen
- Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Metagenomics, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Benjamin H Mullish
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jens Kjeldsen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Richard Röttger
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (IMADA), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Torkell Ellingsen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Wahid M, Saqib F, Abbas G, Shah S, Alshammari A, Albekairi TH, Ali A, Khurm M, Mubarak MS. Cardioprotective and hypotensive mechanistic insights of hydroethanolic extract of Cucumis melo L. kernels in isoprenaline-induced cardiotoxicity based on metabolomics and in silico electrophysiological models. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1277594. [PMID: 38348351 PMCID: PMC10859416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1277594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) continue to threaten health worldwide, and account for a significant portion of deaths and illnesses. In both developing and industrialized nations, they challenge their health systems. There are several traditional uses of Cucurbitaceae seeds in Pakistan, India, Iran, and China, including treating cardiovascular, neurological, and urogenital diseases. Methods: In the present work, integrated techniques of metabolomics profiling and computational cardiomyocyte stimulation were used to investigate possible mechanisms of C. melo in isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction. In vitro, vasoconstrictions, paired atria, and in vivo invasive blood pressure measurement models were performed to explore the mechanism of action of C. melo hydroethanolic seed extract (Cm-EtOH). Results: Results showed that Cm-EtOH demonstrates NO-based endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) vasorelaxant response, negative chronotropic and inotropic response in the atrium, and hypotensive effects in normotensive rats. Results also revealed that Cm-EtOH decreases cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and reverts the altered gene expressions, biochemical, and metabolites in ISO-induced myocardial infarction (MI) rats. The extract additionally reversed ISO-induced MI-induced oxidative stress, energy consumption, and amino acid metabolism. Moreover, C. melo seeds increased EDRF function, energy production, and antioxidant capacity to treat myocardial and vascular disorders. In computational cardiomyocyte simulation, gallic acid reduced action potential duration, upstroke velocity (dV/dtmax), and effective refractory period. Conclusion: This study highlights the therapeutic potential of C. melo seeds to treat cardiovascular diseases and provides mechanistic insight into its antihypertensive and cardioprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Shah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anam Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khurm
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Kishore R, Magadum A. Cell-Specific mRNA Therapeutics for Cardiovascular Diseases and Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:38. [PMID: 38392252 PMCID: PMC10889436 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global health burden, demanding innovative therapeutic approaches. In recent years, mRNA therapeutics have emerged as a promising strategy to combat CVDs effectively. Unlike conventional small-molecule drugs, mRNA therapeutics enable the direct modulation of cellular functions by delivering specific mRNA molecules to target cells. This approach offers unprecedented advantages, including the ability to harness endogenous cellular machinery for protein synthesis, thus allowing precise control over gene expression without insertion into the genome. This review summarizes the current status of the potential of cell-specific mRNA therapeutics in the context of cardiovascular diseases. First, it outlines the challenges associated with traditional CVD treatments and emphasizes the need for targeted therapies. Subsequently, it elucidates the underlying principles of mRNA therapeutics and the development of advanced delivery systems to ensure cell-specificity and enhanced efficacy. Notably, innovative delivery methods such as lipid nanoparticles and exosomes have shown promise in improving the targeted delivery of mRNA to cardiac cells, activated fibroblasts, and other relevant cell types. Furthermore, the review highlights the diverse applications of cell-specific mRNA therapeutics in addressing various aspects of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and arrhythmias. By modulating key regulatory genes involved in cardiomyocyte proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, tissue repair, and cell survival, mRNA therapeutics hold the potential to intervene at multiple stages of CVD pathogenesis. Despite its immense potential, this abstract acknowledges the challenges in translating cell-specific mRNA therapeutics from preclinical studies to clinical applications like off-target effects and delivery. In conclusion, cell-specific mRNA therapeutics have emerged as a revolutionary gene therapy approach for CVD, offering targeted interventions with the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kishore
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ajit Magadum
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Plavskii VY, Sobchuk AN, Mikulich AV, Dudinova ON, Plavskaya LG, Tretyakova AI, Nahorny RK, Ananich TS, Svechko AD, Yakimchuk SV, Leusenka IA. Identification by methods of steady-state and kinetic spectrofluorimetry of endogenous porphyrins and flavins sensitizing the formation of reactive oxygen species in cancer cells. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 38258972 DOI: 10.1111/php.13911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The question about acceptor molecules of optical radiation that determine the effects of photobiomodulation in relation to various types of cells still remains the focus of attention of researchers. This issue is most relevant for cancer cells, since, depending on the parameters of optical radiation, light can either stimulate their growth or inhibit them and lead to death. This study shows that endogenous porphyrins, which have sensitizing properties, may play an important role in the implementation of the effects of photobiomodulation, along with flavins. For the first time, using steady-state and kinetic spectrofluorimetry, free-base porphyrins and their zinc complexes were discovered and identified in living human cervical epithelial carcinoma (HeLa) cells, as well as in their extracts. It has been shown that reliable detection of porphyrin fluorescence in cells is hampered by the intense fluorescence of flavins due to their high concentration (micromolar range) and higher (compared to tetrapyrroles) fluorescence quantum yield. Optimization of the spectral range of excitation and the use of extractants that provide multiple quenching of the flavin component while increasing the emission efficiency of tetrapyrroles makes it possible to weaken the contribution of the flavin component to the recorded fluorescence spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Yu Plavskii
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Andrei N Sobchuk
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Aliaksandr V Mikulich
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Olga N Dudinova
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ludmila G Plavskaya
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Antonina I Tretyakova
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Raman K Nahorny
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana S Ananich
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alexei D Svechko
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Sergey V Yakimchuk
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ihar A Leusenka
- State Scientific Institution "B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Minsk, Belarus
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Kim EK, Lee E, Park JE, Lee JS, Choi HS, Park B, Sheen SS, Park KJ, Rhee CK, Lee SY, Yoo KH, Park JH. Cardiovascular Events According to Inhaler Therapy and Comorbidities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:243-254. [PMID: 38269030 PMCID: PMC10806337 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s433583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background COPD coexists with many concurrent comorbidities. Cardiovascular complications are deemed to be major causes of death in COPD. Although inhaler therapy is the main therapeutic intervention in COPD, cardiovascular events accompanying inhaler therapy require further investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate new development of cardiovascular events according to each inhaler therapy and comorbidities. Methods This study analyzed COPD patients (age ≥ 40 years, N = 199,772) from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database in Korea. The development of cardiovascular events, from the index date to December 31, 2020, was investigated. The cohort was eventually divided into three arms: the LAMA/LABA group (N = 28,322), the ICS/LABA group (N = 11,812), and the triple group (LAMA/ICS/LABA therapy, N = 6174). Results Multivariable Cox analyses demonstrated that, compared to ICS/LABA therapy, triple therapy was independently associated with the development of ischemic heart disease (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.43), heart failure (HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14-1.84), arrhythmia (HR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.41-2.09), and atrial fibrillation/flutter (HR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.64-3.25), whereas the LAMA/LABA therapy did not show a significant association. Furthermore, emergency room visit during covariate assessment window was independently associated with the development of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, and atrial fibrillation/flutter (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our data suggest that cardiovascular risk should be considered in COPD patients receiving triple therapy, despite the confounding bias resulting from disparities in each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seung Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sook Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumhee Park
- Office of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Sheen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Joo Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hun Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Gutiérrez LK, Moreno-Manuel AI, Jalife J. Kir2.1-Na V1.5 channelosome and its role in arrhythmias in inheritable cardiac diseases. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)00028-6. [PMID: 38244712 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death in children and young adults is a relatively rare but tragic event whose pathophysiology is unknown at the molecular level. Evidence indicates that the main cardiac sodium channel (NaV1.5) and the strong inward rectifier potassium channel (Kir2.1) physically interact and form macromolecular complexes (channelosomes) with common partners, including adapter, scaffolding, and regulatory proteins that help them traffic together to their eventual membrane microdomains. Most important, dysfunction of either or both ion channels has direct links to hereditary human diseases. For example, certain mutations in the KCNJ2 gene encoding the Kir2.1 protein result in Andersen-Tawil syndrome type 1 and alter both inward rectifier potassium and sodium inward currents. Similarly, trafficking-deficient mutations in the gene encoding the NaV1.5 protein (SCN5A) result in Brugada syndrome and may also disturb both inward rectifier potassium and sodium inward currents. Moreover, gain-of-function mutations in KCNJ2 result in short QT syndrome type 3, which is extremely rare but highly arrhythmogenic, and can modify Kir2.1-NaV1.5 interactions in a mutation-specific way, further highlighting the relevance of channelosomes in ion channel diseases. By expressing mutant proteins that interrupt or modify Kir2.1 or NaV1.5 function in animal models and patient-specific pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, investigators are defining for the first time the mechanistic framework of how mutation-induced dysregulation of the Kir2.1-NaV1.5 channelosome affects cardiac excitability, resulting in arrhythmias and sudden death in different cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian K Gutiérrez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Jalife
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Kompotis K, Mang GM, Hubbard J, Jimenez S, Emmenegger Y, Polysopoulos C, Hor CN, Wigger L, Hébert SS, Mongrain V, Franken P. Cortical miR-709 links glutamatergic signaling to NREM sleep EEG slow waves in an activity-dependent manner. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2220532121. [PMID: 38207077 PMCID: PMC10801902 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220532121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that have been implicated in a plethora of neuronal processes. Nevertheless, their role in regulating brain activity in the context of sleep has so far received little attention. To test their involvement, we deleted mature miRNAs in post-mitotic neurons at two developmental ages, i.e., in early adulthood using conditional Dicer knockout (cKO) mice and in adult mice using an inducible conditional Dicer cKO (icKO) line. In both models, electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was affected and the response to sleep deprivation (SD) altered; while the rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) rebound was compromised in both, the increase in EEG delta (1 to 4 Hz) power during non-REMS (NREMS) was smaller in cKO mice and larger in icKO mice compared to controls. We subsequently investigated the effects of SD on the forebrain miRNA transcriptome and found that the expression of 48 miRNAs was affected, and in particular that of the activity-dependent miR-709. In vivo inhibition of miR-709 in the brain increased EEG power during NREMS in the slow-delta (0.75 to 1.75 Hz) range, particularly after periods of prolonged wakefulness. Transcriptome analysis of primary cortical neurons in vitro revealed that miR-709 regulates genes involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission. A subset of these genes was also affected in the cortices of sleep-deprived, miR-709-inhibited mice. Our data implicate miRNAs in the regulation of EEG activity and indicate that miR-709 links neuronal activity during wakefulness to brain synchrony during sleep through the regulation of glutamatergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kompotis
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, ZurichCH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Géraldine M. Mang
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey Hubbard
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Jimenez
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Yann Emmenegger
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Christos Polysopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, ZurichCH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte N. Hor
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Leonore Wigger
- Genomic Technologies Facility, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien S. Hébert
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Neurosciences, Québec, QCG1V 4G2, Canada
- Département de psychiatrie et de neurosciences, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QCG1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Valérie Mongrain
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3T 1J4, Canada
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH2X 0A9, Canada
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, QCH4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Paul Franken
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
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Gao P, Gao X, Xie B, Tse G, Liu T. Aging and atrial fibrillation: A vicious circle. Int J Cardiol 2024; 395:131445. [PMID: 37848123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest sustained cardiac arrhythmia observed in clinical practice. Its prevalence increases dramatically with advancing age. This review article discusses the recent advances in studies investigating the relationship between aging and AF and the possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingxin Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gary Tse
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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78
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Pasławska M, Grodzka A, Peczyńska J, Sawicka B, Bossowski AT. Role of miRNA in Cardiovascular Diseases in Children-Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:956. [PMID: 38256030 PMCID: PMC10816020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of children suffering from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is rising globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need to acquire a better understanding of the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of CVDs in order to develop new prevention and treatment strategies for the future. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a class of small non-coding RNA fragments that range from 17 to 25 nucleotides in length and play an essential role in regulating gene expression, controlling an abundance of biological aspects of cell life, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, thus affecting immune response, stem cell growth, ageing and haematopoiesis. In recent years, the concept of miRNAs as diagnostic markers allowing discrimination between healthy individuals and those affected by CVDs entered the purview of academic debate. In this review, we aimed to systematise available information regarding miRNAs associated with arrhythmias, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis and congenital heart diseases in children. We focused on the targeted genes and metabolic pathways influenced by those particular miRNAs, and finally, tried to determine the future of miRNAs as novel biomarkers of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Artur Tadeusz Bossowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Divisions, Medical University of Bialystok, J. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland; (M.P.); (A.G.); (J.P.); (B.S.)
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79
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Jalink EA, Schonk AW, Boon RA, Juni RP. Non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 10:1300375. [PMID: 38259314 PMCID: PMC10800550 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1300375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the largest unmet clinical need in cardiovascular medicine. Despite decades of research, the treatment option for HFpEF is still limited, indicating our ongoing incomplete understanding on the underlying molecular mechanisms. Non-coding RNAs, comprising of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are non-protein coding RNA transcripts, which are implicated in various cardiovascular diseases. However, their role in the pathogenesis of HFpEF is unknown. Here, we discuss the role of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs that are involved in the pathophysiology of HFpEF, namely microvascular dysfunction, inflammation, diastolic dysfunction and cardiac fibrosis. We interrogated clinical evidence and dissected the molecular mechanisms of the ncRNAs by looking at the relevant in vivo and in vitro models that mimic the co-morbidities in patients with HFpEF. Finally, we discuss the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers and potential novel therapeutic targets for future HFpEF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A. Jalink
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Amber W. Schonk
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reinier A. Boon
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Frankfurt Rhein/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rio P. Juni
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Meccariello R, Bellenchi GC, Pulcrano S, D’Addario SL, Tafuri D, Mercuri NB, Guatteo E. Neuronal dysfunction and gene modulation by non-coding RNA in Parkinson's disease and synucleinopathies. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1328269. [PMID: 38249528 PMCID: PMC10796818 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1328269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, emerging evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including long-non-coding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and circular-RNA (circRNA) contribute to the molecular events underlying progressive neuronal degeneration, and a plethora of ncRNAs have been identified significantly misregulated in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and synucleinopathy. Although a direct link between neuropathology and causative candidates has not been clearly established in many cases, the contribution of ncRNAs to the molecular processes leading to cellular dysfunction observed in neurodegenerative diseases has been addressed, suggesting that they may play a role in the pathophysiology of these diseases. Aim of the present Review is to overview and discuss recent literature focused on the role of RNA-based mechanisms involved in different aspects of neuronal pathology in Parkinson's disease and synucleinopathy models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Meccariello
- Department of Medical and Movement Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Bellenchi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Naples, Italy
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sebastian Luca D’Addario
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Computational and Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, CNR, Rome, Italy
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
| | - Domenico Tafuri
- Department of Medical and Movement Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola B. Mercuri
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ezia Guatteo
- Department of Medical and Movement Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
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81
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Celotto C, Sánchez C, Abdollahpur M, Sandberg F, Rodriguez Mstas JF, Laguna P, Pueyo E. The frequency of atrial fibrillatory waves is modulated by the spatiotemporal pattern of acetylcholine release: a 3D computational study. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1189464. [PMID: 38235381 PMCID: PMC10791938 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1189464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In atrial fibrillation (AF), the ECG P-wave, which represents atrial depolarization, is replaced with chaotic and irregular fibrillation waves (f waves). The f-wave frequency, F f, shows significant variations over time. Cardiorespiratory interactions regulated by the autonomic nervous system have been suggested to play a role in such variations. We conducted a simulation study to test whether the spatiotemporal release pattern of the parasympathetic neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) modulates the frequency of atrial reentrant circuits. Understanding parasympathetic involvement in AF may guide more effective treatment approaches and could help to design autonomic markers alternative to heart rate variability (HRV), which is not available in AF patients. 2D tissue and 3D whole-atria models of human atrial electrophysiology in persistent AF were built. Different ACh release percentages (8% and 30%) and spatial ACh release patterns, including spatially random release and release from ganglionated plexi (GPs) and associated nerves, were considered. The temporal pattern of ACh release, ACh(t), was simulated following a sinusoidal waveform of frequency 0.125 Hz to represent the respiratory frequency. Different mean concentrations ( A C h ¯ ) and peak-to-peak ranges of ACh (ΔACh) were tested. We found that temporal variations in F f, F f(t), followed the simulated temporal ACh(t) pattern in all cases. The temporal mean of F f(t), F ¯ f , depended on the fibrillatory pattern (number and location of rotors), the percentage of ACh release nodes and A C h ¯ . The magnitude of F f(t) modulation, ΔF f, depended on the percentage of ACh release nodes and ΔACh. The spatial pattern of ACh release did not have an impact on F ¯ f and only a mild impact on ΔF f. The f-wave frequency, being indicative of vagal activity, has the potential to drive autonomic-based therapeutic actions and could replace HRV markers not quantifiable from AF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Celotto
- BSICoS Group, I3A and IIS-Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales, y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carlos Sánchez
- BSICoS Group, I3A and IIS-Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales, y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Frida Sandberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Pablo Laguna
- BSICoS Group, I3A and IIS-Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales, y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esther Pueyo
- BSICoS Group, I3A and IIS-Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales, y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
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82
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Gonçalves MA, Pedro JM, Silva C, Magalhães P, Brito M. Influence of cigarette smoking on the Index of Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance in apparently healthy Angolans. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2024; 2024:e202405. [PMID: 38404660 PMCID: PMC10886906 DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2024.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Tobacco use accelerates atherosclerosis and is one of the predictors of death from ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden death. A new non-invasive parameter, the Index of Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance (iCEB) between depolarization and repolarization of the action potential, was considered a new biomarker for the identification of patients at increased arrhythmic risk. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the iCEB in apparently healthy Angolans with habitual cigarette smoking compared to non-smokers. Subjects and methods: Data were obtained from the CardioBengo study, a cross-sectional community-based study in which a random sample of individuals aged between 15 and 84 years was selected. In total, 214 apparently healthy subjects, 102 smokers, and 112 non-smokers in the same age group were included in the final analysis. Results: The average age of the participants was 42.17 ± 13.04 years old and 26.6% of the sample was female. Smoking subjects had higher iCEB and corrected Index of Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance (iCEBc) values compared with non-smoking controls (4.39 vs. 4.25; p = 0.024, respectively), and (4.74 vs. 4.57; p = 0.030, respectively). Conclusions: In summary, iCEB and iCEBc were significantly higher in habitual smokers than in nonsmokers, which represents an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmogenesis in healthy habitual smokers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study performed in Africa to evaluate iCEB in smokers, making this type of study very important in low- and middle-income countries in the context of epidemiological transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauer A.A. Gonçalves
- Centro de Estudos Avançados em Educação e Formação Médica (CEDUMED), Faculty of Medicine, Agostinho Neto University, Luanda, Angola
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Agostinho Neto University, Luanda, Angola
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Angola (CISA), Angola
| | | | - Carina Silva
- Health and Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal
- CEAUL - Centro de Estatística e Aplicações, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Magalhães
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Agostinho Neto University, Luanda, Angola
| | - Miguel Brito
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Angola (CISA), Angola
- Health and Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal
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83
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Matsumura S, Yasuda J, Notomi T, Suzuki Y, Chen IS, Murakami D, Hotomi M, Nakamura TY. Direct toxicity of cigarette smoke extract on cardiac function mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction in Sprague-Dawley rat ventricular myocytes and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295737. [PMID: 38165883 PMCID: PMC10760691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke has been recognized as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, its direct effects on rodent and human cardiomyocytes and its cellular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the direct effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on contractile functions, intracellular Ca2+ dynamics, and mitochondrial function using cultured or freshly isolated rat ventricular myocytes and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived cardiomyocytes. In rat cardiomyocytes, CSE (≥0.1%) resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent cessation of spontaneous beating of cultured cardiomyocytes, eventually leading to cell death, which indicates direct toxicity. In addition, 1% CSE reduced contractile function of freshly isolated ventricular myocytes. Similar contractile dysfunction (declined spontaneous beating rate and contractility) was also observed in human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes. Regarding intracellular Ca2+ dynamics, 1% CSE increased the Ca2+ transient amplitude by greatly increasing systolic Ca2+ levels and slightly increasing diastolic Ca2+ levels. CSE also accelerated the decay of Ca2+ transients, and triggered spike-shaped Ca2+ transients in some cells. These results indicate that CSE causes abnormal Ca2+ dynamics in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, CSE induced a cascade of mitochondrial dysfunctions, including increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. These results suggest that CSE-induced contractile dysfunction and myocardial cell death is caused by abnormal Ca2+ dynamics and subsequent mitochondrial dysregulation, which would result in reduced bioenergetics and activation of cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Matsumura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Notomi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Suzuki
- R&D Headquarters Development Department, SIBATA Scientific Technology Ltd, Saitama, Japan
| | - I-Shan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Daichi Murakami
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Muneki Hotomi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tomoe Y. Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
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84
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Wei BR, Zhao YJ, Cheng YF, Huang C, Zhang F. Helicobacter pylori infection and Parkinson's Disease: etiology, pathogenesis and levodopa bioavailability. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:1. [PMID: 38166953 PMCID: PMC10759355 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00404-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder with an unknown etiology, is primarily characterized by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons. The prevalence of PD has experienced a significant surge in recent years. The unidentified etiology poses limitations to the development of effective therapeutic interventions for this condition. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has affected approximately half of the global population. Mounting evidences suggest that H. pylori infection plays an important role in PD through various mechanisms. The autotoxin produced by H. pylori induces pro-inflammatory cytokines release, thereby facilitating the occurrence of central inflammation that leads to neuronal damage. Simultaneously, H. pylori disrupts the equilibrium of gastrointestinal microbiota with an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestinal known as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). This dysbiosis of the gut flora influences the central nervous system (CNS) through microbiome-gut-brain axis. Moreover, SIBO hampers levodopa absorption and affects its therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of PD. Also, H. pylori promotes the production of defensins to regulate the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, facilitating the entry of harmful factors into the CNS. In addition, H. pylori has been found to induce gastroparesis, resulting in a prolonged transit time for levodopa to reach the small intestine. H. pylori may exploit levodopa to facilitate its own growth and proliferation, or it can inflict damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to gastrointestinal ulcers and impeding levodopa absorption. Here, this review focused on the role of H. pylori infection in PD from etiology, pathogenesis to levodopa bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Rong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Centre, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu-Jia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Centre, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu-Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Centre, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Chun Huang
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Centre, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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85
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Wu Q, Yu S, Peng K. Silencing of FUN14 Domain Containing 1 Inhibits Platelet Activation in Diabetes Mellitus through Blocking Mitophagy. Crit Rev Immunol 2024; 44:25-33. [PMID: 38305334 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2023050364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Platelet hyperactivity represents a deleterious physiological phenomenon in diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to explore the role of FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1) in platelet activation within the context of DM and to uncover relevant mechanisms, with a focus on mitophagy. A mouse model of DM was established by high-fat feeding and streptozotocin injection. Platelets isolated from whole blood were exposed to carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluo-romethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) to induce mitophagy. The relative mRNA expression of FUNDC1 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Western blotting was employed to measure the protein levels of FUNDC1, the ratio of LC3-II toLC3-I, and cleaved caspase-3. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were performed to assess LC3-positive mitochondria and platelet activation factor CD62P, respectively. Additionally, serum levels of β-thrombo-globulin (β-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FUNDC1 expression was elevated in DM mice, and its silencing decreased the body weight and fasting blood glucose. Inhibition of FUNDC1 also significantly attenuated FCCP-induced platelet mitophagy, as evidenced by the down-regulation of the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, up-regulation of Tomm20, and diminished presence of LC3-positive mitochondria. Moreover, platelet activation was noted in DM mice; this activation was mitigated upon FUNDC1 silencing, which was confirmed by the down-regulation of cleaved caspase-3 and CD62P as well as reductions in β-TG and PF4 serum levels. Silencing of FUNDC1 inhibited platelet hyperactivity in DM by impeding mitophagy. As such, FUNDC1-midiated mitophagy may be a promising target for the treatment of DM and its associated cardiovascular complications related cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sijing Hospital of the Songjiang District of Shanghai, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Siwen Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kangkang Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sijing Hospital of the Songjiang District of Shanghai, Shanghai 201601, China
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Parent S, Vaka R, St Amant J, Kahn S, Van Remortel S, Bi C, Courtman D, Stewart DJ, Davis DR. Inactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome mediates exosome-based prevention of atrial fibrillation. Theranostics 2024; 14:608-621. [PMID: 38169629 PMCID: PMC10758048 DOI: 10.7150/thno.89520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human explant-derived cells injected directly into the atria wall muscle at the time of open chest surgery reduce atrial fibrosis, atrial inflammation, and atrial fibrillation (AF) in a rat model of sterile pericarditis. Albeit a promising solution to prevent postoperative AF, the mechanism(s) underlying this effect are unknown and it is not clear if this benefit is dependent on EV dose. Methods: To determine the dose-efficacy relationship of EVs from human explant-derived cells in a rat model of sterile pericarditis. Increasing doses of EVs (106, 107, 108 or 109) or vehicle control were injected into the atria of middle-age male Sprague-Dawley rats at the time of talc application. A sham control group was included to demonstrate background inducibility. Three days after surgery, all rats underwent invasive electrophysiological testing prior to sacrifice. Results: Pericarditis increased the likelihood of inducing AF (p<0.05 vs. sham). All doses decreased the probability of inducing AF with maximal effects seen after treatment with the highest dose (109, p<0.05 vs. vehicle). Pericarditis increased atrial fibrosis while EV treatment limited the effect of pericarditis on atrial fibrosis with maximal effects seen after treatment with 108 or 109 EVs. Increasing EV dose was associated with progressive decreases in pro-inflammatory cytokine content, inflammatory cell infiltration, and oxidative stress. EVs decreased NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein-3) inflammasome activation though a direct effect on resident atrial fibroblasts and macrophages. This suppressive effect was exclusive to EVs produced by heart-derived cells as application of EVs from bone marrow or umbilical cords did not alter NLRP3 activity. Conclusions: Intramyocardial injection of incremental doses of EVs at the time of open chest surgery led to progressive reductions in atrial fibrosis and inflammatory markers. These effects combined to render atria resistant to the pro-arrhythmic effects of pericarditis which is mechanistically related to suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Parent
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CANADA K1Y4W7
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8M5
| | - Ramana Vaka
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CANADA K1Y4W7
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8M5
| | - Jennifer St Amant
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CANADA K1Y4W7
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8M5
| | - Saad Kahn
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8L6
| | - Sophie Van Remortel
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CANADA K1Y4W7
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8M5
| | - Christina Bi
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CANADA K1Y4W7
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8M5
| | - David Courtman
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8L6
| | - Duncan John Stewart
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CANADA K1Y4W7
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8M5
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8L6
| | - Darryl Raymond Davis
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CANADA K1Y4W7
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, K1H8M5
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He M, Wang Y, Xie J, Pu J, Shen Z, Wang A, Li T, Wang T, Li G, Liu Y, Mei Z, Ren Z, Wang W, Liu X, Hong J, Liu Q, Lei H, He X, Du W, Yuan Y, Yang L. M 7G modification of FTH1 and pri-miR-26a regulates ferroptosis and chemotherapy resistance in osteosarcoma. Oncogene 2024; 43:341-353. [PMID: 38040806 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02882-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin and platinum are widely used in the frontline treatment of osteosarcoma, but resistance to chemotherapy limits its curative effect. Here, we have identified that METTL1 mediated N7-Methyladenosine (m7G) low expressed in osteosarcoma tissues, plays a critical oncogenic role, and enhances osteosarcoma chemosensitivity in osteosarcoma. Mechanistically, AlkAniline-Seq data revealed that Ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), the main component of ferritin, which is crucial for iron homeostasis and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, is one of the top 10 genes with the most significant change in m7G methylation sites mediated by METTL1 in human osteosarcoma cells. Interestingly, METTL1 significantly increased the expression of FTH1 at the mRNA level but was remarkably suppressed at the protein level. We then identified primary (pri)-miR-26a and pri-miR-98 in the Top 20 m7G-methylated pri-miRNAs with highly conserved species. Further results confirmed that METTL1 enhances cell ferroptosis by targeting FTH1 and primary (pri)-miR-26a, promoting their maturity by enhancing RNA stability dependent on m7G methylation. The increase of mature miR-26a-5p that resulted from METTL1 overexpression could further target FTH1 mRNA and eliminate FTH1 translation efficiency. Moreover, the reduction of FTH1 translation dramatically increases cell ferroptosis and promotes the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to chemotherapy drugs. Collectively, our study demonstrates the METTL1/pri-miR-26a/FTH1 axis signaling in osteosarcoma and highlights the functional importance of METTL1 and m7G methylation in the progression and chemotherapy resistance of osteosarcoma, suggesting that reprogramming RNA m7G methylation as a potential and promising strategy for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu He
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiajie Xie
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaying Pu
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ao Wang
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Li
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tong Wang
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Liu
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongting Mei
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zijing Ren
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhuan Hong
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Liu
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Lei
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoqi He
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weijie Du
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China.
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Yang D, Wan X, Schwieterman N, Cavus O, Kacira E, Xu X, Laurita KR, Wold LE, Hund TJ, Mohler PJ, Deschênes I, Fu JD. MicroRNA-1 Deficiency Is a Primary Etiological Factor Disrupting Cardiac Contractility and Electrophysiological Homeostasis. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2024; 17:e012150. [PMID: 38126205 PMCID: PMC10842700 DOI: 10.1161/circep.123.012150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-1 (miR1), encoded by the genes miR1-1 and miR1-2, is the most abundant microRNA in the heart and plays a critical role in heart development and physiology. Dysregulation of miR1 has been associated with various heart diseases, where a significant reduction (>75%) in miR1 expression has been observed in patient hearts with atrial fibrillation or acute myocardial infarction. However, it remains uncertain whether miR1-deficiency acts as a primary etiological factor of cardiac remodeling. METHODS miR1-1 or miR1-2 knockout mice were crossbred to produce 75%-miR1-knockdown (75%KD; miR1-1+/-:miR1-2-/- or miR1-1-/-:miR1-2+/-) mice. Cardiac pathology of 75%KD cardiomyocytes/hearts was investigated by ECG, patch clamping, optical mapping, transcriptomic, and proteomic assays. RESULTS In adult 75%KD hearts, the overall miR1 expression was reduced to ≈25% of the normal wild-type level. These adult 75%KD hearts displayed decreased ejection fraction and fractional shortening, prolonged QRS and QT intervals, and high susceptibility to arrhythmias. Adult 75%KD cardiomyocytes exhibited prolonged action potentials with impaired repolarization and excitation-contraction coupling. Comparatively, 75%KD cardiomyocytes showcased reduced Na+ current and transient outward potassium current, coupled with elevated L-type Ca2+ current, as opposed to wild-type cells. RNA sequencing and proteomics assays indicated negative regulation of cardiac muscle contraction and ion channel activities, along with a positive enrichment of smooth muscle contraction genes in 75%KD cardiomyocytes/hearts. miR1 deficiency led to dysregulation of a wide gene network, with miR1's RNA interference-direct targets influencing many indirectly regulated genes. Furthermore, after 6 weeks of bi-weekly intravenous tail-vein injection of miR1 mimics, the ejection fraction and fractional shortening of 75%KD hearts showed significant improvement but remained susceptible to arrhythmias. CONCLUSIONS miR1 deficiency acts as a primary etiological factor in inducing cardiac remodeling via disrupting heart regulatory homeostasis. Achieving stable and appropriate microRNA expression levels in the heart is critical for effective microRNA-based therapy in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yang
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dept of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dept of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Neill Schwieterman
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Dept of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Omer Cavus
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dept of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus
- Pennsylvania State University, Heart and Vascular Institute, Hershey, PA
| | - Ege Kacira
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dept of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Xianyao Xu
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Depts of Internal Medicine & Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Kenneth R. Laurita
- Dept of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Research Center, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Loren E. Wold
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Dept of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Thomas J. Hund
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Depts of Internal Medicine & Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Peter J. Mohler
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dept of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Isabelle Deschênes
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dept of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Ji-Dong Fu
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dept of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus
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Liu B, Deng Y, Duan Z, Chu C, Wang X, Yang C, Li J, Ding W. Neutrophil extracellular traps promote intestinal barrier dysfunction by regulating macrophage polarization during trauma/hemorrhagic shock via the TGF-β signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110941. [PMID: 37890686 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may cause intestinal barrier dysfunction in response to trauma/hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) remains unclear. In this study, the roles and mechanisms of NETs in macrophage polarization were examined to determine whether this process plays a role in tissue damage associated with T/HS. Rat models of T/HS and macrophage polarization were developed and the levels of NETs formation in the intestinal tissue of T/HS rats were assessed. NET formation was inhibited in models of T/HS to examine the effect on intestinal inflammation and barrier injury. The proportions of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages in the damaged intestinal tissues were measured. Finally, high-throughput sequencing was performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in this process. The study revealed that the level of NETs formation was increased and that inhibition of NETs formation alleviated the intestinal inflammation and barrier injury. Moreover, the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages increased and the number of anti-inflammatory macrophages decreased. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that NETs formation decreased the expression of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2), bioinformatic analyses revealed that TGFBR2 was significantly enriched in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Verification experiments showed that NETs impeded macrophage differentiation into the anti-inflammatory/M2 phenotype and inhibited TGFBR2 and TGF-β expression in macrophages. However, treatment with DNase I and overexpression of TGFBR2, and inhibition of TGF-β promoted and prevented this process, respectively. NETs may regulate the macrophage polarization process by promoting intestinal barrier dysfunction in T/HS rats through the TGFBR2-mediated TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochen Liu
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunxuan Deng
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zehua Duan
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengnan Chu
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieshou Li
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Weiwei Ding
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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90
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Duranti C, Iorio J, Bagni G, Chioccioli Altadonna G, Fillion T, Lulli M, D'Alessandro FN, Montalbano A, Lastraioli E, Fanelli D, Coppola S, Schmidt T, Piazza F, Becchetti A, Arcangeli A. Integrins regulate hERG1 dynamics by girdin-dependent Gαi3: signaling and modeling in cancer cells. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302135. [PMID: 37923359 PMCID: PMC10624597 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hERG1 potassium channel is aberrantly over expressed in tumors and regulates the cancer cell response to integrin-dependent adhesion. We unravel a novel signaling pathway by which integrin engagement by the ECM protein fibronectin promotes hERG1 translocation to the plasma membrane and its association with β1 integrins, by activating girdin-dependent Gαi3 proteins and protein kinase B (Akt). By sequestering hERG1, β1 integrins make it avoid Rab5-mediated endocytosis, where unbound channels are degraded. The cycle of hERG1 expression determines the resting potential (Vrest) oscillations and drives the cortical f-actin dynamics and thus cell motility. To interpret the slow biphasic kinetics of hERG1/β1 integrin interplay, we developed a mathematical model based on a generic balanced inactivation-like module. Integrin-mediated cell adhesion triggers two contrary responses: a rapid stimulation of hERG1/β1 complex formation, followed by a slow inhibition which restores the initial condition. The protracted hERG1/β1 integrin cycle determines the slow time course and cyclic behavior of cell migration in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Duranti
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Iorio
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bagni
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ginevra Chioccioli Altadonna
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Thibault Fillion
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Physics, University of Florence, and Florence Section of INFN, Florence, Italy
- Université d'Orléans and Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, Orléans, France
| | - Matteo Lulli
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Biochemical Sciences, Section of General Pathology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Franco Nicolas D'Alessandro
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alberto Montalbano
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Duccio Fanelli
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Physics, University of Florence, and Florence Section of INFN, Florence, Italy
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Coppola
- Department of Physics, University of Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Francesco Piazza
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Physics, University of Florence, and Florence Section of INFN, Florence, Italy
- Université d'Orléans and Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, Orléans, France
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Becchetti
- https://ror.org/01ynf4891 Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- https://ror.org/04jr1s763 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- CSDC (Center for the Study of complex dynamics), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Tian WB, Zhang WS, Jiang CQ, Jin YL, Lam TH, Cheng KK, Xu L. Association of insulin resistance and glycemic measures with major abnormal electrocardiogram in older Chinese: Cross-sectional analysis based on the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 207:111046. [PMID: 38070543 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine whether insulin resistance (IR) and glycemic measures were associated with major abnormal electrocardiogram (MA-ECG) and its specific abnormalities in the general population. METHODS Twelve-lead ECG measurements were performed on 21,720 participants without cardiovascular disease (5,918 men) from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. The participants were aged 50 years or above (mean age 61.6, standard deviation 7.1 years). Logistic regression was used to assess the associations of IR and glycemic measures with MA-ECG and specific abnormalities. RESULTS Ln-fasting insulin was significantly associated with MA-ECG and ST-T abnormalities (adjusted odds ratio = 1.52, 95 % confidence interval = 1.15-2.02 and 1.83, 1.37-2.45, respectively, for per standard deviation), which were stronger than those of TyG index with MA-ECG (1.08, 1.04-1.13) and ST-T abnormalities (1.16, 1.11-1.22). Ln-fasting insulin had association with Q wave abnormalities (3.19, 1.52-6.67). The association of TyG index with prolonged QTc varied by sex and obesity (P for interaction ≤ 0.01). Participants with diabetes had stronger associations of ln-fasting plasma glucose with ECG abnormalities than those without. CONCLUSIONS IR and glycemic measures were associated with MA-ECG, ischemia and prolonged QTc in older Chinese, especially in women, those with obesity, and those with diabetes. These findings underscore the importance of regular evaluations for these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Bo Tian
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Sen Zhang
- Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China.
| | | | - Ya Li Jin
- Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China; School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kar Keung Cheng
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Irfan A, Riggs DW, Koromia G, DeFilippis AP, Soliman EZ, Bhatnagar A, Carll AP. Smoking-associated Electrocardiographic Abnormalities Predict Cardiovascular Mortality: Insights from NHANES. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-3615687. [PMID: 38260619 PMCID: PMC10802705 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3615687/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background— Smoking is associated with arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death, but the biological mechanisms remain unclear. Abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) durations of ventricular repolarization (QT interval), atrial depolarization (P wave), and atrioventricular depolarization (PR interval and segment), predict cardiac arrhythmia and mortality. Objectives— To elucidate how smoking affects cardiac excitation, we assessed in a nationally representative sample (NHANES III) associations between cotinine, abnormalities in P duration, PR interval, PR segment, rate-corrected QT (QTc), QRS duration, and JT interval, and long-term mortality. Methods— We analyzed data from 5,633 adults using survey-weighted multinomial logistic regression to estimate associations between tobacco use (>15 ng/ml serum cotinine) and short (<5th percentile) or long (>95th percentile) ECG intervals, relative to reference (5 - 95th percentile). Results— After adjustment for demographics, risk factors, and conduction-altering medications, smoking was associated with a higher odds of short PR interval, PR segment, and QRS, and long JT. Broader ECG effects of smoking were also assessed by survey-weighted linear regression of continuous cotinine and ECG intervals, which revealed cotinine inversely associated with PR segment and QTc. Over a 22-year follow-up, many ECG abnormalities predicted cardiovascular mortality in smokers, including long JT, QRS, and QTc, and short QRS. Conclusions— Smoking increases likelihood for rapid atrioventricular conduction, rapid ventricular depolarization, and slow ventricular repolarization. The ventricular electrophysiologic abnormalities associated with smoking also predict cardiovascular mortality in smokers; however, traditional ECG measures of cardiac risk like QTc can overlook these ventricular defects and their independent predictive value in smokers.
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93
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Tungar IM, Rama Krishna Reddy MM, Flores SM, Pokhrel P, Ibrahim AD. The Influence of Lifestyle Factors on the Occurrence and Severity of Premature Ventricular Contractions: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102072. [PMID: 37689374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Premature ventricular contractions (PVC) are a type of ventricular arrhythmias, occurring as a result of formation or reentry of an abnormal impulse in the ventricular myocardium or in the Purkinje system. PVC occurs commonly in healthy individuals and is observed in 1%-4% of the population. Several lifestyle factors like stress levels, caffeine, drugs, alcohol, nicotine, sleep, and physical exercise have been implicated in increasing the risk. Caffeine and drugs precipitate heightened cardiac stimulation, precipitating PVCs. Excessive alcohol and nicotine disturb the electrical pathways resulting in PVCs. Higher rates of PVCs have been associated with obesity. Individuals with insomnia and increased stress levels are also at an increased risk due to an imbalance in the autonomic system. Exercise is known to induce PVCs, including in healthy, asymptomatic individuals. Modification of these factors can decrease PVC risk. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the effects of lifestyle factors on PVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishan M Tungar
- Department of Internal Medicine, B J Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | | | - Sofia M Flores
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Saint Kitts
| | - Prakriti Pokhrel
- Department of Psychiatry, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Lee J, Lee H, Sherbini AE, Baghaie L, Leroy F, Abdel-Qadir H, Szewczuk MR, El-Diasty M. Epigenetic MicroRNAs as Prognostic Markers of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102106. [PMID: 37741599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after cardiac surgery, increasing the risk for adverse outcomes such as perioperative and long-term mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, and other thromboembolic events. Epigenetic biomarkers show promise as prognostic tools for POAF. Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs (miRNA), can result in altered gene expression and the development of various pathological conditions. This systematic review aims to present the current literature on the association between various epigenetic markers and the development of POAF following cardiac surgery. Here, an electronic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar to identify studies that reported the role of epigenetic markers in the development of POAF. Five of the 6 studies focused on miRNAs and their association with POAF. In POAF patients, the expression of miR-1 and miR-483-5p were upregulated in the right atrial appendage (RAA), while the levels of miR-133A, miR-208a, miR-23a, miR-26a, miR-29a, miR-29b, and miR-29c were decreased in the RAA and venous blood. One study examined cytosines followed by guanines (CpGs) as DNA methylation markers. Across all studies, 488 human subjects who had undergone cardiac surgery were investigated, and 195 subjects (39.9%) developed new-onset POAF. The current literature suggests that miRNAs may play a role in predicting the development of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. However, more robust clinical data are required to justify their role in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsu Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Hyunmin Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Adham El Sherbini
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Leili Baghaie
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Fleur Leroy
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Faculté de Médecine, Maïeutique et Sciences de la Santé, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Husam Abdel-Qadir
- Women's College Hospital, Peter Munk Cardiac Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Myron R Szewczuk
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad El-Diasty
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH.
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Lin LC, Liu ZY, Tu B, Song K, Sun H, Zhou Y, Sha JM, Zhang Y, Yang JJ, Zhao JY, Tao H. Epigenetic signatures in cardiac fibrosis: Focusing on noncoding RNA regulators as the gatekeepers of cardiac fibroblast identity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127593. [PMID: 37898244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts play a pivotal role in cardiac fibrosis by transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, which synthesis and secrete a large number of extracellular matrix proteins. Ultimately, this will lead to cardiac wall stiffness and impaired cardiac performance. The epigenetic regulation and fate reprogramming of cardiac fibroblasts has been advanced considerably in recent decades. Non coding RNAs (microRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs) regulate the functions and behaviors of cardiac fibroblasts, including proliferation, migration, phenotypic transformation, inflammation, pyroptosis, apoptosis, autophagy, which can provide the basis for novel targeted therapeutic treatments that abrogate activation and inflammation of cardiac fibroblasts, induce different death pathways in cardiac fibroblasts, or make it sensitive to established pathogenic cells targeted cytotoxic agents and biotherapy. This review summarizes our current knowledge in this field of ncRNAs function in epigenetic regulation and fate determination of cardiac fibroblasts as well as the details of signaling pathways contribute to cardiac fibrosis. Moreover, we will comment on the emerging landscape of lncRNAs and circRNAs function in regulating signal transduction pathways, gene translation processes and post-translational regulation of gene expression in cardiac fibroblast. In the end, the prospect of cardiac fibroblasts targeted therapy for cardiac fibrosis based on ncRNAs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Bin Tu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Kai Song
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - He Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Ji-Ming Sha
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Jian-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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96
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Portincasa P, Khalil M, Graziani A, Frühbeck G, Baffy G, Garruti G, Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L. Gut microbes in metabolic disturbances. Promising role for therapeutic manipulations? Eur J Intern Med 2024; 119:13-30. [PMID: 37802720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and steatotic liver disease is rapidly increasing worldwide with a huge economic burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. Several genetic and environmental factors are involved in the onset and development of metabolic disorders and related complications. A critical role also exists for the gut microbiota, a complex polymicrobial ecology at the interface of the internal and external environment. The gut microbiota contributes to food digestion and transformation, caloric intake, and immune response of the host, keeping the homeostatic control in health. Mechanisms of disease include enhanced energy extraction from the non-digestible dietary carbohydrates, increased gut permeability and translocation of bacterial metabolites which activate a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, as precursors of tangible metabolic disorders involving glucose and lipid homeostasis. The ultimate causative role of gut microbiota in this respect remains to be elucidated, as well as the therapeutic value of manipulating the gut microbiota by diet, pre- and pro- synbiotics, or fecal microbial transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Annarita Graziani
- Institut AllergoSan Pharmazeutische Produkte Forschungs- und Vertriebs GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gyorgy Baffy
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
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97
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Asadabadi T, Mokhtari MJ, Bayat M, Safari A, Borhani-Haghighi A. Association between Genetic Polymorphism of The lncRNA MIAT rs1894720 with Ischemic Stroke Risk and lncRNA MIAT Expression Levels in The Blood after An Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study. Cell J 2023; 25:863-873. [PMID: 38192257 PMCID: PMC10777317 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2023.2003573.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic aspects can play an essential role in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke (IS). Rs1894720 polymorphism is one of the eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) locus. The aim of study is the lncRNA MIAT rs1894720 polymorphism decreases IS risk by reducing lncRNA MIAT expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, we studied 232 Iranian patients and 232 controls. The blood samples were collected from patients admitted at different times after stroke symptoms. We enrolled 80, 78, and 74 patients who arrived at the hospital between 0-24, 24-48, and 48-72 hours after the first appearance of symptoms, respectively. DNA genotyping was done by the tetra-primer ARMS-PCR method. Circulating MIAT levels were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The GT genotype of MIAT rs1894720 showed a significant association with the risk of IS (OR=3.53, 95% CI=2.13-5.84, P<0.001). MIAT expression was higher relative to the control within the first hours after IS. The MIAT levels in IS patients with rs1894720 (GT) were significantly lower relative to patients who had the GG and TT genotypes. Linear regression model indicated a significant correlation between MIAT expression with atherosclerotic risk factors and types of stroke in IS patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the level of lncRNA MIAT after IS could be diagnostic with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82. The sensitivity and specificity were 80.17 and 67.24%, respectively (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that the MIAT rs1894720 polymorphism (GT) might increase the risk of IS in the Iranian population. MIAT expression was up-regulated in our IS patients. Hence, it could be a diagnostic biomarker for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Asadabadi
- Department of Biology, Zarghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zarghan, Iran
| | | | - Mahnaz Bayat
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahid Safari
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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98
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Kanaporis G, Blatter LA. Increased Risk for Atrial Alternans in Rabbit Heart Failure: The Role of Ca 2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase II and Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate Signaling. Biomolecules 2023; 14:53. [PMID: 38254653 PMCID: PMC10813785 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) increases the probability of cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF), but the mechanisms linking HF to AF are poorly understood. We investigated disturbances in Ca2+ signaling and electrophysiology in rabbit atrial myocytes from normal and failing hearts and identified mechanisms that contribute to the higher risk of atrial arrhythmias in HF. Ca2+ transient (CaT) alternans-beat-to-beat alternations in CaT amplitude-served as indicator of increased arrhythmogenicity. We demonstrate that HF atrial myocytes were more prone to alternans despite no change in action potentials duration and only moderate decrease of L-type Ca2+ current. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) inhibition suppressed CaT alternans. Activation of IP3 signaling by endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II (Ang II) resulted in acute, but transient reduction of CaT amplitude and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load, and lowered the alternans risk. However, prolonged exposure to ET-1 and Ang II enhanced SR Ca2+ release and increased the degree of alternans. Inhibition of IP3 receptors prevented the transient ET-1 and Ang II effects and by itself increased the degree of CaT alternans. Our data suggest that activation of CaMKII and IP3 signaling contribute to atrial arrhythmogenesis in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lothar A. Blatter
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
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99
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Vogt S, Ramzan R, Cybulski P, Rhiel A, Weber P, Ruppert V, Irqsusi M, Rohrbach S, Niemann B, Mirow N, Rastan AJ. The ratio of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 4I1 and 4I2 mRNA is changed in permanent atrial fibrillation. ESC Heart Fail 2023. [PMID: 38149324 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The conditions of hypoxia are suggested to induce permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). The regulation of COX4I2 and COX4I1 depends on oxygen availability in tissues. A role of COX4I2 in the myocardium of AF patients is supposed for pathogenesis of AF and subsequent alterations in the electron transfer chain (ETC) under hypoxia. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro, influence of hypoxia on HeLa 53 cells was studied and elevated parts of COX 4I2 were confirmed. Myocardial biopsies were taken ex vivo from the patients' Right Atria with SR (n = 31) and AF (n = 11), respectively. RT- PCR for mRNA expresson, mitochondrial respiration by polarography and the protein content of cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx) subunit 4I1 and CytOx subunit 4I2 by ELISA were studied. Clinical data were correlated to the findings of gene expressions in parallel. Patients with permanent AF had a change in isoform 4I2/4I1 expression along with a decrease of isoform COX 4I1 expression. The 4I2/4I1 ratio of mRNA expression was increased from 0.630 to 1.058 in comparison. However, the protein content of CytOx subunit 4 was much lower in the AF group, whereas the respiration/units enzyme activity in both groups remained the same. CONCLUSIONS This study describes a possible molecular correlate for the development of AF. Due to the known functional significance of COX 4I2, mitochondrial dysfunction can be assumed as a part of the pathogenesis of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vogt
- Cardiovascular Research Lab, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rabia Ramzan
- Cardiovascular Research Lab, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Pia Cybulski
- Cardiovascular Research Lab, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Annika Rhiel
- Cardiovascular Research Lab, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Petra Weber
- Cardiovascular Research Lab, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Volker Ruppert
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marc Irqsusi
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Rohrbach
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd Niemann
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nikolas Mirow
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ardawan J Rastan
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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100
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Garley M, Nowak K, Jabłońska E. Neutrophil microRNAs. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023. [PMID: 38148491 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are considered 'first-line defence' cells as they can be rapidly recruited to the site of the immune response. As key components of non-specific immune mechanisms, neutrophils use phagocytosis, degranulation, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to fight pathogens. Recently, immunoregulatory abilities of neutrophils associated with the secretion of several mediators, including cytokines and extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing, among other components, microRNAs (miRNAs), have also been reported. EVs are small structures released by cells into the extracellular space and are present in all body fluids. Microvesicles show the composition and status of the releasing cell, its physiological state, and pathological changes. Currently, EVs have gained immense scientific interest as they act as transporters of epigenetic information in intercellular communication. This review summarises findings from recent scientific reports that have evaluated the utility of miRNA molecules as biomarkers for effective diagnostics or even as start-points for new therapeutic strategies in neutrophil-mediated immune reactions. In addition, this review describes the current state of knowledge on miRNA molecules, which are endogenous regulators of gene expression besides being involved in the regulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
| | - Karolina Nowak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
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