51
|
Reina A, Serrano-Maldonado A, Teuma E, Martin E, Gómez M. Palladium nanocatalysts in glycerol: Tuning the reactivity by effect of the stabilizer. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
52
|
Bauer T, Stepic R, Wolf P, Kollhoff F, Karawacka W, Wick CR, Haumann M, Wasserscheid P, Smith DM, Smith AS, Libuda J. Dynamic equilibria in supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysis: in situ IR spectroscopy identifies [Ru(CO)xCly]n species in water gas shift catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02199b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ru-based SILP systems efficiently catalyze the low-temperature water-gas shift reaction (WGSR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Robert Stepic
- PULS Gruppe
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik I
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91052 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Patrick Wolf
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Fabian Kollhoff
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Weronika Karawacka
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | | | - Marco Haumann
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes
| | - David M. Smith
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- HR-10002 Zagreb
- Croatia
- Computer Chemie Centrum
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
| | - Ana-Sunčana Smith
- PULS Gruppe
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik I
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91052 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Xu T, Waehler T, Vecchietti J, Bonivardi A, Bauer T, Schwegler J, Schulz PS, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Interaction of Ester-Functionalized Ionic Liquids with Atomically-Defined Cobalt Oxides Surfaces: Adsorption, Reaction and Thermal Stability. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:3443-3453. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany), Fax: +49 9131 8527308
| | - Tobias Waehler
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany), Fax: +49 9131 8527308
| | - Julia Vecchietti
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), UNL-CONICET; Güemes 3450 3000 Santa Fe Argentina
| | - Adrian Bonivardi
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), UNL-CONICET; Güemes 3450 3000 Santa Fe Argentina
| | - Tanja Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany), Fax: +49 9131 8527308
| | - Johannes Schwegler
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Peter S. Schulz
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Joerg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany), Fax: +49 9131 8527308
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center for Interface Controlled Processes; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Babucci M, Fang CY, Hoffman AS, Bare SR, Gates BC, Uzun A. Tuning the Selectivity of Single-Site Supported Metal Catalysts with Ionic Liquids. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Babucci
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç
University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Chia-Yu Fang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Adam S. Hoffman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Simon R. Bare
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Bruce C. Gates
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alper Uzun
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç
University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Xu T, Waehler T, Vecchietti J, Bonivardi A, Bauer T, Schwegler J, Schulz PS, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Gluing Ionic Liquids to Oxide Surfaces: Chemical Anchoring of Functionalized Ionic Liquids by Vapor Deposition onto Cobalt(II) Oxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9072-9076. [PMID: 28600894 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (IL) hold a great potential as novel electrolytes for applications in electronic materials and energy technology. The functionality of ILs in these applications relies on their interface to semiconducting nanomaterials. Therefore, methods to control the chemistry and structure of this interface are the key to assemble new IL-based electronic and electrochemical materials. Here, we present a new method to prepare a chemically well-defined interface between an oxide and an IL film. An imidazolium-based IL, which is carrying an ester group, is deposited onto cobalt oxide surface by evaporation. The IL binds covalently to the surface by thermally activated cleavage of the ester group and formation of a bridging carboxylate. The anchoring reaction shows high structure sensitivity, which implies that the IL film can be adhered selectively to specific oxide surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Waehler
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Vecchietti
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC) UNL-CONICET, Güemes 3450, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Adrian Bonivardi
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC) UNL-CONICET, Güemes 3450, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Tanja Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Schwegler
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter S Schulz
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joerg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.,Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Xu T, Waehler T, Vecchietti J, Bonivardi A, Bauer T, Schwegler J, Schulz PS, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Gluing Ionic Liquids to Oxide Surfaces: Chemical Anchoring of Functionalized Ionic Liquids by Vapor Deposition onto Cobalt(II) Oxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Tobias Waehler
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Julia Vecchietti
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC) UNL-CONICET; Güemes 3450 3000 Santa Fe Argentina
| | - Adrian Bonivardi
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC) UNL-CONICET; Güemes 3450 3000 Santa Fe Argentina
| | - Tanja Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Johannes Schwegler
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Peter S. Schulz
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Joerg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface Controlled Processes; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Jalal A, Uzun A. An exceptional selectivity for partial hydrogenation on a supported nickel catalyst coated with [BMIM][BF 4 ]. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
58
|
Maier F, Niedermaier I, Steinrück HP. Perspective: Chemical reactions in ionic liquids monitored through the gas (vacuum)/liquid interface. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:170901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4982355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Maier
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen,
Germany
| | - I. Niedermaier
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen,
Germany
| | - H.-P. Steinrück
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen,
Germany
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Mohr S, Schmitt T, Döpper T, Xiang F, Schwarz M, Görling A, Schneider MA, Libuda J. Coverage-Dependent Anchoring of 4,4'-Biphenyl Dicarboxylic Acid to CoO(111) Thin Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:4178-4188. [PMID: 28402643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the adsorption behavior of 4,4'-biphenhyl dicarboxylic acid (BDA) on well-ordered CoO(111) films grown on Ir(100) as a function of coverage and temperature using time-resolved and temperature-programmed infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (TR-IRAS, TP-IRAS) in combination with density functional theory (DFT) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. To compare the binding behavior of BDA as a function of the oxide film thickness, three different CoO(111) film thicknesses were explored: films of about 20 bilayers (BLs) (approximately 5 nm), 2 BLs, and 1 BL. The two carboxylic acid groups of BDA offer two potential anchoring points to the oxide surface. At 150 K, intact BDA adsorbs on 20 BL thick oxide films in planar geometry with the phenyl rings aligned parallel to the surface. With decreasing oxide film thickness, we observe an increasing tendency for deprotonation and the formation of flat-lying BDA molecules anchored as dicarboxylates. After saturation of the first monolayer, intact BDA multilayers grow with molecules aligned parallel to the surface. The BDA multilayer desorbs at around 360 K. Completely different growth behavior is observed if BDA is deposited above the multilayer desorption temperature. Initially, doubly deprotonated dicarboxylates are formed by adopting a flat-lying orientation. With increasing exposure, however, the adsorbate layer transforms into upright standing monocarboxylates. A sharp OH stretching band (3584 cm-1) and a blue-shifted CO stretching band (1759 cm-1) indicate weakly interacting apical carboxylic acid groups at the vacuum interface. The anchored monocarboxylate phase slowly desorbs in a temperature range of up to 470 K. At higher temperature, a flat-lying doubly deprotonated BDA is formed, which desorbs and decomposes in a temperature range of up to 600 K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Mohr
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmitt
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tibor Döpper
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Feifei Xiang
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwarz
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Görling
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Alexander Schneider
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Luza L, Rambor CP, Gual A, Alves Fernandes J, Eberhardt D, Dupont J. Revealing Hydrogenation Reaction Pathways on Naked Gold Nanoparticles. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Luza
- Institute
of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento
Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Camila P. Rambor
- Institute
of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento
Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aitor Gual
- GSK
Carbon Neutral Laboratory for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2TU Nottingham, U.K
| | - Jesum Alves Fernandes
- GSK
Carbon Neutral Laboratory for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2TU Nottingham, U.K
| | - Dario Eberhardt
- Physics
Faculty, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jairton Dupont
- Institute
of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento
Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, Brazil
- GSK
Carbon Neutral Laboratory for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2TU Nottingham, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Lijewski M, Hogg JM, Swadźba-Kwaśny M, Wasserscheid P, Haumann M. Coating of Pd/C catalysts with Lewis-acidic ionic liquids and liquid coordination complexes – SCILL induced activity enhancement in arene hydrogenation. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid doping – coating of Pd/C catalysts with Lewis-acidic liquid films results in increased hydrogenation activity at very mild reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lijewski
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - James M. Hogg
- Queen's University Belfast
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Belfast
- UK
| | | | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Marco Haumann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Affiliation(s)
- Shiguo Zhang
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18, Tianshui Middle Road, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Youquan Deng
- Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18, Tianshui Middle Road, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Barth T, Korth W, Jess A. Selectivity-Enhancing Effect of a SCILL Catalyst in Butadiene Hydrogenation. Chem Eng Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201600140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
64
|
Bauer T, Hager V, Williams MB, Laurin M, Döpper T, Görling A, Szesni N, Wasserscheid P, Haumann M, Libuda J. Palladium-Mediated Ethylation of the Imidazolium Cation Monitored In Operando on a Solid Catalyst with Ionic Liquid Layer. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bauer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Veit Hager
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT); Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Marc B. Williams
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT); Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Mathias Laurin
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Tibor Döpper
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie; Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Görling
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie; Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Normen Szesni
- Clariant Produkte, Deutschland, GmbH; Waldheimer Straße 13 83052 Bruckmühl Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT); Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Marco Haumann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT); Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Bauer T, Voggenreiter M, Xu T, Wähler T, Agel F, Pohako-Esko K, Schulz P, Döpper T, Görling A, Polarz S, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. ZnO Nanoparticle Formation from the Molecular Precursor [MeZnOtBu]4by Ozone Treatment in Ionic Liquids: in-situ Vibrational Spectroscopy in an Ultrahigh Vacuum Environment. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Markus Voggenreiter
- Lehrstuhl für funktionelle anorganische Materialen; University of Konstanz; Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Tao Xu
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Tobias Wähler
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Friederike Agel
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Kaija Pohako-Esko
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Peter Schulz
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Tibor Döpper
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Görling
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Sebastian Polarz
- Lehrstuhl für funktionelle anorganische Materialen; University of Konstanz; Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Well-defined dendrimer encapsulated ruthenium SCILL catalysts for partial hydrogenation of toluene in liquid-phase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
67
|
Mehl S, Bauer T, Brummel O, Pohako-Esko K, Schulz P, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Ionic-Liquid-Modified Hybrid Materials Prepared by Physical Vapor Codeposition: Cobalt and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles in [C1C2Im][OTf] Monitored by In Situ IR Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8613-8622. [PMID: 27463531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of ionic-liquid-modified nanomaterials has attracted much attention recently. In this study we explore the potential to prepare such systems in an ultraclean fashion by physical vapor codeposition (PVCD). We codeposit metallic cobalt and the room-temperature ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate [C1C2Im][OTf] simultaneously onto a Pd(111) surface at 100 K. This process is performed under ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) conditions in the presence of CO, or in the presence of O2 and CO. We use time-resolved (TR) and temperature-programmed (TP) infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) to investigate the formation and stability of the IL-modified Co deposits in situ during the PVD-based synthesis. CO is used as a probe molecule to monitor the growth. After initial growth of flat Co films on Pd(111), multilayers of Co nanoparticles (NPs) are formed. Characteristic shifts and intensity changes are observed in the vibrational bands of both CO and the IL, which originate from the electric field at the IL/Co interface (Stark effect) and from specific adsorption of the [OTf](-) anion. These observations indicate that the Co aggregates are stabilized by mixed adsorbate shells consisting of CO and [OTf](-). The CO coverage on the Co particle decreases with increasing temperature, but some CO is preserved up to the desorption temperature of the IL (370 K). Further, the IL shell suppresses the oxidation of the Co NPs if oxygen is introduced in the PVCD process. Only chemisorbed oxygen is formed at oxygen partial pressures that swiftly lead to formation of Co3O4 in the absence of the IL (5 × 10(-6) mbar O2). This chemisorbed oxygen is found to destabilize the CO ligand shell. The oxidation of Co is not suppressed if IL and Co are deposited sequentially under otherwise identical conditions. In this case we observe the formation of fully oxidized cobalt oxide particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Mehl
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olaf Brummel
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kaija Pohako-Esko
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Schulz
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Nakajima K, Nakanishi S, Lísal M, Kimura K. Surface structure of imidazolium-based ionic liquids: Quantitative comparison between simulations and high-resolution RBS measurements. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:114702. [PMID: 27004888 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Elemental depth profiles of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([CnMIM][TFSI], n = 4, 6, 8) are measured using high-resolution Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (HRBS). The profiles are compared with the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Both MD simulations and HRBS measurements show that the depth profiles deviate from the uniform stoichiometric composition in the surface region, showing preferential orientations of ions at the surface. The MD simulations qualitatively reproduce the observed HRBS profiles but the agreement is not satisfactory. The observed discrepancy is ascribed to the capillary waves. By taking account of the surface roughness induced by the capillary waves, the agreement becomes almost perfect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Nakajima
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-daigaku-katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
| | - Shunto Nakanishi
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-daigaku-katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
| | - Martin Lísal
- Laboratory of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Suchdol, Prague 6 165 02, Czech Republic
| | - Kenji Kimura
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-daigaku-katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Orthoamide und Iminiumsalze, XCI. N,N′ ,N″-Peralkylierte Guanidiniumsalze – Ionische Flüssigkeiten als Hilfsmittel in der Elektronenmikroskopie. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2015-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Polymeric organic materials, e.g. cellulose fibres or nylon 6 (perlon), as well as inorganic materials, e.g. ceramics, can be coated with liquid or solid guanidinium salts. The coated materials can be inspected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The contrast and brightness of the pictures depend on the heaviest atom present in the anions. The best brightness and contrast were obtained with N,N′,N″-peralkylated guanidinium tetraiodidobismutates(III), which were prepared for the first time together with other guanidinium chloridometallates (Sb, Pb, Bi). Biological samples (cell cultures) can also be investigated by SEM with the aid of the guanidinium tetrachloridobismutate 4b after simple sample preparation.
Collapse
|
70
|
Chen LG, Strassburg SH, Bermudez H. Micelle co-assembly in surfactant/ionic liquid mixtures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 477:40-5. [PMID: 27240242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The phase behavior of amphiphiles is known to depend on their solvent environment. The organic character of ionic liquids suggested the possibility to tune surfactant aggregation, even in the absence of water, by selection of appropriate ionic liquid chemistry. To that end the behavior of the surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate in a chemically similar imidazolium ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium ethylsulfate, was explored. EXPERIMENTS The solubility of sodium dodecylsulfate in 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium ethylsulfate was determined, establishing the Krafft temperature. Tensiometry was performed to obtain interfacial properties such as the surface excess and area per molecule. Pulsed-field gradient spin-echo NMR was used to determine the diffusion coefficients of all the major species, including micelles, as a function of surfactant concentration. Importantly, all three methods provided consistent values for the critical micelle concentration. FINDINGS Analysis of tensiometry data suggests, and is confirmed by NMR results, that the ionic liquid ions are incorporated along with surfactants into micelles, revealing a complex micellization behavior. In light of these findings past studies with ternary mixtures of surfactants, ionic liquids, and water may merit additional scrutiny. Given the large number of ionic liquids, this work suggests opportunities to further control micelle formation and properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lang G Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Stephen H Strassburg
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Harry Bermudez
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Goossens K, Lava K, Bielawski CW, Binnemans K. Ionic Liquid Crystals: Versatile Materials. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4643-807. [PMID: 27088310 DOI: 10.1021/cr400334b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This Review covers the recent developments (2005-2015) in the design, synthesis, characterization, and application of thermotropic ionic liquid crystals. It was designed to give a comprehensive overview of the "state-of-the-art" in the field. The discussion is focused on low molar mass and dendrimeric thermotropic ionic mesogens, as well as selected metal-containing compounds (metallomesogens), but some references to polymeric and/or lyotropic ionic liquid crystals and particularly to ionic liquids will also be provided. Although zwitterionic and mesoionic mesogens are also treated to some extent, emphasis will be directed toward liquid-crystalline materials consisting of organic cations and organic/inorganic anions that are not covalently bound but interact via electrostatic and other noncovalent interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Goossens
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Lava
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.,Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christopher W Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Koen Binnemans
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Elfassy E, Mastai Y, Pontoni D, Deutsch M. Liquid-Mercury-Supported Langmuir Films of Ionic Liquids: Isotherms, Structure, and Time Evolution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:3164-3173. [PMID: 26963651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids have been intensively developed for the last few decades and are now used in a wide range of applications, from electrochemistry to catalysis and nanotechnology. Many of these applications involve ionic liquid interfaces with other liquids and solids, the subnanometric experimental study of which is highly demanding, and has been little studied to date. We present here a study of mercury-supported Langmuir films of imidazolium-based ionic liquids by surface tensiometry and X-ray reflectivity. The charge-delocalized ionic liquids studied here exhibit no 2D lateral order but show diffuse surface-normal electron density profiles exhibiting gradual mercury penetration into the ionic liquid film, and surface-normal structure evolution over a period of hours. The effect of increasing the nonpolar alkyl chain length was also investigated. The results obtained provide insights into the interactions between these ionic liquids and liquid mercury and about the time evolution of the structure and composition of their interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diego Pontoni
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Effects of interionic interactions in 1,3-dialkylimidazolium ionic liquids on the electronic structure of metal sites in solid catalysts with ionic liquid layer (SCILL). J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
74
|
Buchner F, Forster-Tonigold K, Bozorgchenani M, Gross A, Behm RJ. Interaction of a Self-Assembled Ionic Liquid Layer with Graphite(0001): A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:226-233. [PMID: 26713562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between (sub)monolayers of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide [BMP](+)[TFSA](-) and graphite(0001), which serves as a model for the anode|electolyte interface in Li-ion batteries, was investigated under ultrahigh vacuum conditions in a combined experimental and theoretical approach. High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D) calculations were employed. After vapor deposition at 300 K, XPS indicates molecular adsorbates with a 1:1 ratio of cations/anions. Cool down to ∼100 K leads to the formation of an ordered (2D) crystalline phase, which coexists with a mobile (2D) liquid. DFT-D calculations reveal that adsorbed [BMP](+) and [TFSA](-) species are arranged alternately in a row-like adsorption structure (cation-anion-cation-anion) and that adsorption is dominated by dispersion interactions between adlayer and substrate, on the one hand, and electrostatic interactions between the ions in a row, on the other hand. Simulated STM images of that structure closely resemble the experimental molecular resolved STM images and show that the resolved features mostly stem from the cations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Buchner
- Helmholtz-Institute-Ulm (HIU) , Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Katrin Forster-Tonigold
- Helmholtz-Institute-Ulm (HIU) , Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Maral Bozorgchenani
- Ulm University , Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Axel Gross
- Helmholtz-Institute-Ulm (HIU) , Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Ulm University , Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - R Jürgen Behm
- Helmholtz-Institute-Ulm (HIU) , Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Ulm University , Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Tang Y, Wang Z, Chi X, Sevilla MD, Zeng X. In Situ Generated Platinum Catalyst for Methanol Oxidation via Electrochemical Oxidation of Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Anion in Ionic Liquids at Anaerobic Condition. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2016; 120:1004-1012. [PMID: 29034058 PMCID: PMC5640268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b09777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion is widely used as an ionic liquid anion due to its electrochemical stability and wide electrochemical potential window at aerobic conditions. Here we report an innovative strategy by directly oxidizing bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion to form a radical electrocatalyst on platinum electrode at anaerobic condition. The in situ generated radical catalyst was shown to catalytically and selectively promote the electrooxidation of methanol to form methoxyl radical, in which the formation potential was drastically decreased with the existence of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide radical. The electrochemically generated radical catalyst not only facilitates the oxidation of methanol but also provides good selectivity. The unique double layer structure of the 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Bmpy][NTf2]) likely excludes the diffusion of larger molar mass molecules onto the electrode surface and enables the highly selective methanol oxidation at this IL-electrode interface. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments were used to systematically characterize the details of the electrochemical processes with and without methanol in several other ILs, and a mechanism of the chemical and redox processes was proposed. This study provides a promising new approach for utilizing the unique properties of ionic liquids not only as solvents and electrolytes but also as the medium for in situ generation of electrocatalysts to promote methanol redox reactions for practical applications.
Collapse
|
76
|
Arellano IH, Huang J, Pendleton P. Computational insights into the molecular interaction and ion-pair structures of a novel zinc-functionalized ionic liquid, [Emim][Zn(TFSI)₃]. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 153:6-15. [PMID: 26282318 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The ion pair structures of a novel CO2 capture material in the form of a metal chelate anion-containing room temperature ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tri[bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide]zincate(II), [Emim][Zn(TFSI)3], were elucidated by correlating the infrared spectra generated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the experimental spectrum derived from a room temperature infrared spectroscopic measurement. A free volume energy minimization algorithm revealed stable structures where the zinc ion forms an octahedral, homoleptic complex with the ligand bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide through coordination with the oxygen of the sulfone group, with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acting as the counterion. The method of analysis was built around 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [Emim][TFSI], involving direct comparison with published data, and extended to the more complex [Emim][Zn(TFSI)3] system. The DFT calculations reproduced the vibrational spectra of [Emim][Zn(TFSI)3] and [Emim][TFSI] using their optimized geometries, with correlation slopes of 0.9996 and 1.0022, respectively. Comparison of the vibrational modes of [Emim][TFSI] and [Emim][Zn(TFSI)3] provided insights into the ion pair structure of, and molecular interactions in the ILs analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Harvey Arellano
- Center for Molecular and Materials Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; CSIRO Energy Flagship, Box 312, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Junhua Huang
- CSIRO Energy Flagship, Box 312, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Phillip Pendleton
- Center for Molecular and Materials Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Shen M, Zhang Z, Ding Y. Synthesizing NiAl-layered double hydroxide microspheres with hierarchical structure and electrochemical detection of hydroquinone and catechol. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
78
|
Xu T, Schwarz M, Werner K, Mohr S, Amende M, Libuda J. The surface structure matters: thermal stability of phthalic acid anchored to atomically-defined cobalt oxide films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:10419-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00296j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The atomic structure of cobalt oxide surfaces influence the ordering and thermal stability of anchored phthalic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Matthias Schwarz
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Kristin Werner
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Susanne Mohr
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Max Amende
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface Controlled Processes
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Brummel O, Faisal F, Bauer T, Pohako-Esko K, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Ionic Liquid-Modified Electrocatalysts: The Interaction of [C 1 C 2 Im][OTf] with Pt(1 1 1) and its Influence on Methanol Oxidation Studied by Electrochemical IR Spectroscopy. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
80
|
Majhi D, Pabbathi A, Sarkar M. Probing the Aggregation Behavior of Neat Imidazolium-Based Alkyl Sulfate (Alkyl = Ethyl, Butyl, Hexyl, and Octyl) Ionic Liquids through Time Resolved Florescence Anisotropy and NMR and Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy Study. J Phys Chem B 2015; 120:193-205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b10137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Majhi
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751005, India
| | - Ashok Pabbathi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Moloy Sarkar
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751005, India
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Mehl S, Toghan A, Bauer T, Brummel O, Taccardi N, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Pd Nanoparticle Formation in Ionic Liquid Thin Films Monitored by in situ Vibrational Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12126-12139. [PMID: 26479118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are flexible reaction media and solvents for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs). Here, we describe a new preparation method for metallic NPs in nanometer thick films of ultraclean ILs in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) environment. CO-covered Pd NPs are formed by simultaneous and by sequential physical vapor deposition (PVD) of the IL and the metal in the presence of low partial pressures of CO. The film thickness and the particle size can be controlled by the deposition parameters. We followed the formation of the NPs and their thermal behavior by time-resolved IR reflection absorption spectroscopy (TP-IRAS) and by temperature-programmed IRAS (TR-IRAS). Codeposition of Pd and [C1C2Im][OTf] in CO at 100 K leads to the growth of homogeneous multilayer films of CO-covered Pd aggregates in an IL matrix. The size of these NPs can be controlled by the metal fraction in the co-deposit. With increasing metal fraction, the size of the Pd NPs also increases. At very low metal content, small Pd carbonyl-like species are formed, which bind CO in on-top geometry only. Upon annealing, the [OTf](-) anion coadsorbs at the NP surface and partially displaces CO. Co-adsorption of CO and IL is indicated by a strong red-shift of the CO stretching bands. While the weakly bound on-top CO is mainly replaced below the melting transition of the IL, coadsorbate shells with bridge-bonded CO and IL are stable well above the melting point. Larger three-dimensional Pd NPs can be prepared by PVD of Pd onto a solid [C1C2Im][OTf] film at 100 K. Upon annealing, on-top CO desorbs from these NPs below 200 K. Upon melting of the IL film, the CO-covered Pd NPs immerse into the IL and again form a stable coadsorbate shell that consists of bridge-bonded CO and the IL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arafat Toghan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University , 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Kusche M, Bustillo K, Agel F, Wasserscheid P. Highly Effective Pt-Based Water-Gas Shift Catalysts by Surface Modification with Alkali Hydroxide Salts. ChemCatChem 2015; 7:766-775. [PMID: 26413174 PMCID: PMC4576819 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe an economical and convenient method to improve the performance of Pt/alumina catalysts for the water-gas shift reaction through surface modification of the catalysts with alkali hydroxides according to the solid catalyst with ionic liquid layer approach. The results are in agreement with our findings reported earlier for methanol steam reforming. This report indicates that alkali doping of the catalyst plays an important role in the observed catalyst activation. In addition, the basic and hygroscopic nature of the salt coating contributes to a significant improvement in the performance of the catalyst. During the reaction, a partly liquid film of alkali hydroxide forms on the alumina surface, which increases the availability of H2O at the catalytically active sites. Kinetic studies reveal a negligible effect of the KOH coating on the rate dependence of CO and H2O partial pressures. TEM studies indicate an agglomeration of the active Pt clusters during catalyst preparation; restructuring of Pt nanoparticles occurs under reaction conditions, which leads to a highly active and stable system over 240 h time on stream. Excessive pore fillings with KOH introduce a mass transfer barrier as indicated in a volcano-shaped curve of activity versus salt loading. The optimum KOH loading was found to be 7.5 wt %.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kusche
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), 9131-8527421
| | - Karen Bustillo
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Friederike Agel
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), 9131-8527421
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), 9131-8527421
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Babucci M, Akçay A, Balci V, Uzun A. Thermal Stability Limits of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Immobilized on Metal-Oxides. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:9163-76. [PMID: 26241084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stability limits of 33 imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) immobilized on three of the most commonly used high surface area metal-oxides, SiO2, γ-Al2O3, and MgO, were investigated. ILs were chosen from a family of 13 cations and 18 anions. Results show that the acidity of C2H of an imidazolium ring is one of the key factors controlling the thermal stability. An increase in C2H bonding strength of ILs leads to an increase in their stability limits accompanied by a decrease in interionic energy. Systematic changes in IL structure, such as changes in electronic structure and size of anion/cation, methylation on C2 site, and substitution of alkyl groups on the imidazolium ring with functional groups have significant effects on thermal stability limits. Furthermore, thermal stability limits of ILs are influenced strongly by acidic character of the metal-oxide surface. Generally, as the point of zero charge (PZC) of the metal-oxide increases from SiO2 to MgO, the interactions of IL and metal-oxide dominate over interionic interactions, and metal-oxide becomes the significant factor controlling the stability limits. However, thermal stability limits of some ILs show the opposite trend, as the chemical activities of the cation functional group or the electron donating properties of the anion alter IL/metal-oxide interactions. Results presented here can help in choosing the most suitable ILs for materials involving ILs supported on metal-oxides, such as for supported ionic liquid membranes (SILM) in separation applications or for solid catalyst with ionic liquid layer (SCILL) and supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysts in catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Babucci
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Akçay
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Volkan Balci
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Uzun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Dees A, Jux N, Tröppner O, Dürr K, Lippert R, Schmid M, Küstner B, Schlücker S, Steinrück HP, Gottfried JM, Ivanović-Burmazović I. Reactions of Superoxide with Iron Porphyrins in the Bulk and the Near-Surface Region of Ionic Liquids. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:6862-72. [PMID: 26158848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The redox reaction of superoxide (KO2) with highly charged iron porphyrins (Fe(P4+), Fe(P8+), and Fe(P8-)) has been investigated in the ionic liquids (IL) [EMIM][Tf2N] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) and [EMIM][B(CN)4] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate) by using time-resolved UV/vis stopped-flow, electrochemistry, cryospray mass spectrometry, EPR, and XPS measurements. Stable KO2 solutions in [EMIM][Tf2N] can be prepared up to a 15 mM concentration and are characterized by a signal in EPR spectrum at g = 2.0039 and by the 1215 cm(-1) stretching vibration in the resonance Raman spectrum. While the negatively charged iron porphyrin Fe(P8-) does not react with superoxide in IL, Fe(P4+) and Fe(P8+) do react in a two-step process (first a reduction of the Fe(III) to the Fe(II) form, followed by the binding of superoxide to Fe(II)). In the reaction with KO2, Fe(P4+) and Fe(P8+) show similar rate constants (e.g., in the case of Fe(P4+): k1 = 18.6 ± 0.5 M(-1) s(-1) for the first reaction step, and k2 = 2.8 ± 0.1 M(-1) s(-1) for the second reaction step). Notably, these rate constants are four to five orders of magnitude lower in [EMIM][Tf2N] than in conventional solvents such as DMSO. The influence of the ionic liquid is also apparent during electrochemical experiments, where the redox potentials for the corresponding Fe(III)/Fe(II) couples are much more negative in [EMIM][Tf2N] than in DMSO. This modified redox and kinetic behavior of the positively charged iron porphyrins results from their interactions with the anions of the ionic liquid, while the nucleophilicity of the superoxide is reduced by its interactions with the cations of the ionic liquid. A negligible vapor pressure of [EMIM][B(CN)4] and a sufficient enrichment of Fe(P8+) in a close proximity to the surface enabled XPS measurements as a case study for monitoring direct changes in the electronic structure of the metal centers during redox processes in solution and at liquid/solid interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Dees
- †Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Norbert Jux
- †Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Tröppner
- †Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Dürr
- †Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Lippert
- †Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Schmid
- ‡Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Küstner
- §Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- §Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Steinrück
- †Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Michael Gottfried
- †Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,‡Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- †Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Zhang GR, Munoz M, Etzold BJM. Boosting performance of low temperature fuel cell catalysts by subtle ionic liquid modification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:3562-3570. [PMID: 25621887 DOI: 10.1021/am5074003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High cost and poor stability of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts are the major barriers for broad-based application of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Here we report a facile and scalable approach to improve Pt/C catalysts for ORR, by modification with small amounts of hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL). The ORR performance of these IL-modified catalysts can be readily manipulated by varying the degree of IL filling, leading to a 3.4 times increase in activity. Besides, the IL-modified catalysts exhibit substantially enhanced stability relative to Pt/C. The enhanced performance is attributed to the optimized microenvironment at the interface of Pt and electrolyte, where advantages stemming from an increased number of free sites, higher oxygen concentration in the IL and electrostatic stabilization of the nanoparticles develop fully, at the same time that the drawback of mass transfer limitation remains suppressed. These findings open a new avenue for catalyst optimization for next-generation fuel cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Rong Zhang
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Tsuda T, Kanetsuku T, Sano T, Oshima Y, Ui K, Yamagata M, Ishikawa M, Kuwabata S. In situSEM observation of the Si negative electrode reaction in an ionic-liquid-based lithium-ion secondary battery. Microscopy (Oxf) 2015; 64:159-68. [DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfv003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
87
|
Kong Y, Hu B, Choy KL, Li X, Chen G. Study of miniemulsion formulation containing 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate for its application in low-emitting coating products. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:1293-1302. [PMID: 25568963 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02215g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are non-volatile organic salts, and few of them with low melting point may replace the conventional coalescing agents in waterborne coatings, thus preventing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission, caused by coalescing agents. The formation of waterborne coating containing RTILs can be achieved by the encapsulation of RTILs inside latexes via miniemulsion polymerization. Achieving a stable miniemulsion is a crucial step for further polymerization. In this study, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (C8mimPF6) was chosen, and various factors which might affect droplet size and its stability, including surfactant type, surfactant concentration, and C8mimPF6 concentration, were investigated. It was found that the presence of a small amount of C8mimPF6 coupled with the surfactant would offer marked effects on the droplet size reduction and droplet stability. Such effect may reach its maximum from 1 to 5 wt% C8mimPF6. Above the critical concentration, adding more C8mimPF6 to the oil phase may cause a larger initial droplet size as well as weaken the droplet stability. Such observations were consistent with the zeta potential measurements for miniemulsions prepared under similar conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Kong
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
88
|
Akçay A, Babucci M, Balci V, Uzun A. A model to predict maximum tolerable temperatures of metal-oxide-supported 1- n -butyl-3-methylimidazolium based ionic liquids. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
89
|
|
90
|
Kusche M, Agel F, Ní Bhriain N, Kaftan A, Laurin M, Libuda J, Wasserscheid P. Methanol steam reforming promoted by molten salt-modified platinum on alumina catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:2516-2526. [PMID: 25124120 PMCID: PMC4641462 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We herein describe a straight forward procedure to increase the performance of platinum-on-alumina catalysts in methanol steam reforming by applying an alkali hydroxide coating according to the "solid catalyst with ionic liquid layer" (SCILL) approach. We demonstrate by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) studies that potassium doping plays an important role in the catalyst activation. Moreover, the hygroscopic nature and the basicity of the salt modification contribute to the considerable enhancement in catalytic performance. During reaction, a partly liquid film of alkali hydroxides/carbonates forms on the catalyst/alumina surface, thus significantly enhancing the availability of water at the catalytically active sites. Too high catalyst pore fillings with salt introduce a considerable mass transfer barrier into the system as indicated by kinetic studies. Thus, the optimum interplay between beneficial catalyst modification and detrimental mass transfer effects had to be identified and was found on the applied platinum-on-alumina catalyst at KOH loadings around 7.5 mass%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kusche
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-8527421 E-mail: Homepage: http://www.crt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de
| | - Friederike Agel
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-8527421 E-mail: Homepage: http://www.crt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de
| | - Nollaig Ní Bhriain
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-8527421 E-mail: Homepage: http://www.crt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de
| | - Andre Kaftan
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-8528867
| | - Mathias Laurin
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-8528867
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-8528867
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-8527421 E-mail: Homepage: http://www.crt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Schernich S, Wagner V, Taccardi N, Wasserscheid P, Laurin M, Libuda J. Interface controls spontaneous crystallization in thin films of the ionic liquid [C₂C₁Im][OTf] on atomically clean Pd(111). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:6846-6851. [PMID: 24853236 DOI: 10.1021/la500842c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A total of 5-30 monolayer thick films of the ionic liquid (IL) [C2C1Im][OTf] were vaporized in vacuo onto an atomically clean Pd(111) single crystal surface at 220 K. Time- and temperature-resolved infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy reveals growth, interactions with the metallic support, and the macroscopic phase behavior of the layer. At 220 K, the IL layer first grows in the form of a glassy phase. Crystallization of the IL was witnessed above a critical thickness of about 10 monolayers. On the basis of the known bulk crystal structure of the IL, we suggest the formation of well-oriented checkerboard-like crystalline film structures on the surface. The preferential orientation manifested by the crystal phase with regard to the macroscopic metallic surface is attributed to strong interactions between anionic headgroups and the metal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schernich
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, and §Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Campbell PS, Yang M, Pitz D, Cybinska J, Mudring AV. Highly Luminescent and Color-Tunable Salicylate Ionic Liquids. Chemistry 2014; 20:4704-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
93
|
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim V Fedorov
- Department of Physics, Scottish University Physics Alliance (SUPA), University of Strathclyde , John Anderson Bldg, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NG United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
McIntosh EM, Ellis J, Jardine AP, Licence P, Jones RG, Allison W. Probing liquid behaviour by helium atom scattering: surface structure and phase transitions of an ionic liquid on Au(111). Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52237g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
95
|
Sun X, Tian Q, Xue Z, Zhang Y, Mu T. The dissolution behaviour of chitosan in acetate-based ionic liquids and their interactions: from experimental evidence to density functional theory analysis. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02594f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, both experimental evidence and density functional theory analysis are used to explore the interactions between IL and chitosan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofu Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Tiancheng Mu
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Zhao C, Ren B, Song Y, Zhang J, Wei L, Chen S, Zhang S. Immobilization and molecular rearrangement of ionic liquids on the surface of carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00569d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Two kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids with different weight ratios were absorbed on the outer surface of MWCNTs. The orientational order and properties of ILs immobilized on the MWCNTs' surfaces were analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuifang Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
| | - Baozeng Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Junling Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Lingchao Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shimou Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Uhl B, Buchner F, Gabler S, Bozorgchenani M, Jürgen Behm R. Adsorption and reaction of sub-monolayer films of an ionic liquid on Cu(111). Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8601-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactive interaction of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [BMP][TFSA] with Cu(111) was investigated by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Uhl
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm Electrochemical Energy Storage
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Ulm University
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Buchner
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm Electrochemical Energy Storage
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Ulm University
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephan Gabler
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm Electrochemical Energy Storage
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Ulm University
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Maral Bozorgchenani
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm Electrochemical Energy Storage
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Ulm University
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - R. Jürgen Behm
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm Electrochemical Energy Storage
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Ulm University
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Späth A, Minami H, Suzuki T, Fink RH. Morphology changes of ionic liquid encapsulating polymer microcontainers upon X-ray irradiation. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45980b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
99
|
Luza L, Gual A, Dupont J. The Partial Hydrogenation of 1,3-Dienes Catalysed by Soluble Transition-Metal Nanoparticles. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
100
|
Schernich S, Laurin M, Lykhach Y, Tsud N, Sobota M, Skála T, Prince KC, Taccardi N, Wagner V, Steinrück HP, Matolín V, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Interactions of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids with Oxide Surfaces Controlled by Alkyl Chain Functionalization. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:3673-7. [PMID: 24123498 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|