51
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Ramiro Z, Bartolomé C, Espinet P. Protection of the Gold(I) Catalyst by AsPh3in Reactions of Enynes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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52
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Joshi H, Sharma KN, Sharma AK, Prakash O, Kumar A, Singh AK. Magnetite nanoparticles coated with ruthenium via SePh layer as a magnetically retrievable catalyst for the selective synthesis of primary amides in an aqueous medium. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:12365-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01189a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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53
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Vummaleti SVC, Falivene L, Poater A, Cavallo L. Deconstructing Selectivity in the Gold-Promoted Cyclization of Alkynyl Benzothioamides to Six-Membered Mesoionic Carbene or Acyclic Carbene Complexes. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs5001575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Vikrama Chaitanya Vummaleti
- Kaust
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura Falivene
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Kaust
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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54
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Poater A, Falivene L, Urbina-Blanco CA, Manzini S, Nolan SP, Cavallo L. How does the addition of steric hindrance to a typical N-heterocyclic carbene ligand affect catalytic activity in olefin metathesis? Dalton Trans 2014; 42:7433-9. [PMID: 23455458 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32980a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to predict and rationalize the effect of the modification of the structure of the prototype 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand. The modification consists in the substitution of the methyl groups of ortho isopropyl substituent with phenyl groups, and here we plan to describe how such significant changes affect the metal environment and therefore the related catalytic behaviour. Bearing in mind that there is a significant structural difference between both ligands in different olefin metathesis reactions, here by means of DFT we characterize where the NHC ligand plays a more active role and where it is a simple spectator, or at least its modification does not significantly change its catalytic role/performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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55
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Tomás-Mendivil E, Toullec PY, Borge J, Conejero S, Michelet V, Cadierno V. Water-Soluble Gold(I) and Gold(III) Complexes with Sulfonated N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in the Catalytic Cycloisomerization of γ-Alkynoic Acids into Enol-Lactones. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs4009144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eder Tomás-Mendivil
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y
Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica
“Enrique Moles”, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Patrick Y. Toullec
- ChimieParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel, ENSCP, UMR 7223, 11 rue P. et M. Curie, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Javier Borge
- Departamento
de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad
de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Véronique Michelet
- ChimieParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel, ENSCP, UMR 7223, 11 rue P. et M. Curie, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Victorio Cadierno
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y
Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica
“Enrique Moles”, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
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56
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Poater A, Vummaleti SVC, Cavallo L. Catalytic Role of Nickel in the Decarbonylative Addition of Phthalimides to Alkynes. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400693v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Poater
- Institut de Quı́mica
Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Quı́mica, Universitat de Girona, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Luigi Cavallo
- Institut de Quı́mica
Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Quı́mica, Universitat de Girona, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- KAUST Catalyst Center, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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57
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Schmidbaur H, Raubenheimer HG, Dobrzańska L. The gold-hydrogen bond, Au-H, and the hydrogen bond to gold, Au∙∙∙H-X. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 43:345-80. [PMID: 23999756 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60251f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the first part of this review, the characteristics of Au-H bonds in gold hydrides are reviewed including the data of recently prepared stable organometallic complexes with gold(I) and gold(III) centers. In the second part, the reports are summarized where authors have tried to provide evidence for hydrogen bonds to gold of the type Au∙∙∙H-X. Such interactions have been proposed for gold atoms in the Au(-I), Au(0), Au(I), and Au(III) oxidation states as hydrogen bonding acceptors and H-X units with X = O, N, C as donors, based on both experimental and quantum chemistry studies. To complement these findings, the literature was screened for examples with similar molecular geometries, for which such bonding has not yet been considered. In the discussion of the results, the recently issued IUPAC definitions of hydrogen bonding and the currently accepted description of agostic interactions have been used as guidelines to rank the Au∙∙∙H-X interactions in this broad range of weak chemical bonding. From the available data it appears that all the intra- and intermolecular Au∙∙∙H-X contacts are associated with very low binding energies and non-specific directionality. To date, the energetics have not been estimated, because there are no thermochemical and very limited IR/Raman and temperature-dependent NMR data that can be used as reliable references. Where conspicuous structural or spectroscopic effects have been observed, explanations other than hydrogen bonding Au∙∙∙H-X can also be advanced in most cases. Although numerous examples of short Au∙∙∙H-X contacts exist in the literature, it seems, at this stage, that these probably make only very minor contributions to the energy of a given system and have only a marginal influence on molecular conformations which so far have most often attracted researchers to this topic. Further, more dedicated investigations will be necessary before well founded conclusions can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Schmidbaur
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
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58
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Zhu Y, Day CS, Zhang L, Hauser KJ, Jones AC. A Unique Au-Ag-Au Triangular Motif in a Trimetallic Halonium Dication: Silver Incorporation in a Gold(I) Catalyst. Chemistry 2013; 19:12264-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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59
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Oonishi Y, Gómez-Suárez A, Martin AR, Nolan SP. Hydrophenoxylation of Alkynes by Cooperative Gold Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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60
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Oonishi Y, Gómez-Suárez A, Martin AR, Nolan SP. Hydrophenoxylation of Alkynes by Cooperative Gold Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9767-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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61
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Orbisaglia S, Jacques B, Braunstein P, Hueber D, Pale P, Blanc A, de Frémont P. Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Activity of Cationic NHC Gold(III) Pyridine Complexes. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400338k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Orbisaglia
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination,
Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081
Strasbourg, France
- School
of Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Béatrice Jacques
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination,
Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081
Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination,
Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081
Strasbourg, France
| | - Damien Hueber
- Laboratoire
de Synthèse, Réactivité Organique et Catalyse,
Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081
Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Pale
- Laboratoire
de Synthèse, Réactivité Organique et Catalyse,
Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081
Strasbourg, France
| | - Aurélien Blanc
- Laboratoire
de Synthèse, Réactivité Organique et Catalyse,
Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081
Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre de Frémont
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination,
Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081
Strasbourg, France
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62
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Gold peroxide complexes and the conversion of hydroperoxides into gold hydrides by successive oxygen-transfer reactions. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2167. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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63
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Kumar P, Cisarova I. Synthesis and characterization of silver and gold NHC complexes: Crystal structures and mass spectral studies. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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64
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Truscott BJ, Nelson DJ, Lujan C, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP. Iridium(I) Hydroxides: Powerful Synthons for Bond Activation. Chemistry 2013; 19:7904-16. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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65
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Ibrahim N, Vilhelmsen MH, Pernpointner M, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK. Gold Phenolate Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400060s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nada Ibrahim
- CaRLa-Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mie Højer Vilhelmsen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69221 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Pernpointner
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69221 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- CaRLa-Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120
Heidelberg, Germany
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69221 Heidelberg, Germany
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66
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Gómez-Suárez A, Oonishi Y, Meiries S, Nolan SP. [{Au(NHC)}2(μ-OH)][BF4]: Silver-Free and Acid-Free Catalysts for Water-Inclusive Gold-Mediated Organic Transformations. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om301249r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Yoshihiro Oonishi
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Sebastien Meiries
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
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67
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Adriaenssens L, Escribano-Cuesta A, Homs A, Echavarren AM, Ballester P. Encapsulation Studies of Cationic Gold Complexes within a Self-Assembled Hexameric Resorcin[4]arene Capsule. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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68
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Yoshida T, Matsunaga S, Nomiya K. Two types of tetranuclear phosphanegold(i) cations as dimers of dinuclear units, [{(Au{P(p-RPh)3})2(μ-OH)}2]2+ (R = Me, F), synthesized by polyoxometalate-mediated clusterization. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:11418-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51412a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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69
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Collado A, Gómez-Suárez A, Oonishi Y, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP. Synthesis, characterisation, and oxygen atom transfer reactions involving the first gold(i)-alkylperoxo complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:10745-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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70
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Tate BK, Wyss CM, Bacsa J, Kluge K, Gelbaum L, Sadighi JP. A dinuclear silver hydride and an umpolung reaction of CO2. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc50896j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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71
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Young PC, Green SLJ, Rosair GM, Lee AL. Deactivation of gold(i) catalysts in the presence of thiols and amines – characterisation and catalysis. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:9645-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50653c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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72
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Hashmi ASK, Lauterbach T, Nösel P, Vilhelmsen MH, Rudolph M, Rominger F. Dual gold catalysis: σ,π-propyne acetylide and hydroxyl-bridged digold complexes as easy-to-prepare and easy-to-handle precatalysts. Chemistry 2012; 19:1058-65. [PMID: 23255064 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of dinuclear gold σ,π-propyne acetylide complexes were prepared and tested for their catalytic ability in dual gold catalysis that was based on the reaction of an electrophilic π-complex of gold with a gold acetylide. The air-stable and storable catalysts can be isolated as silver-free catalysts in their activated form. These dual catalysts allow a fast initiation phase for the dual catalytic cycles without the need for additional additives for acetylide formation. Because propyne serves as a throw-away ligand, no traces of the precatalyst are generated. Based on the fast initiation process, side products are minimized and reaction rates are higher for these catalysts. A series of test reactions were used to demonstrate the general applicability of these catalysts. Lower catalyst loadings, faster reaction rates, and better selectivity, combined with the practicability of these catalysts, make them ideal catalysts for dual gold catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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73
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Delgado-Rebollo M, Moreno R, Fructos MR, Prieto A. Gold-Catalyzed Mannich Addition Reactions of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds withN-Protected Imines. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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74
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Gómez-Suárez A, Dupuy S, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP. Straightforward Synthetic Access togem-Diaurated and Digold σ,π-Acetylide Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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75
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Gómez-Suárez A, Dupuy S, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP. Straightforward synthetic access to gem-diaurated and digold σ,π-acetylide species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [PMID: 23180680 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
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76
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Robilotto TJ, Bacsa J, Gray TG, Sadighi JP. Synthesis of a Trigold Monocation: An Isolobal Analogue of [H3]+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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77
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Robilotto TJ, Bacsa J, Gray TG, Sadighi JP. Synthesis of a trigold monocation: an isolobal analogue of [H3]+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:12077-80. [PMID: 23038641 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Robilotto
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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78
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Zhdanko A, Ströbele M, Maier ME. Coordination chemistry of gold catalysts in solution: a detailed NMR study. Chemistry 2012; 18:14732-44. [PMID: 23018523 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Coordination chemistry of gold catalysts bearing eight different ligands [L=PPh(3), JohnPhos (L2), Xphos (L3), DTBP, IMes, IPr, dppf, S-tolBINAP (L8)] has been studied by NMR spectroscopy in solution at room temperature. Cationic or neutral mononuclear complexes LAuX (L=L2, L3, IMes, IPr; X=charged or neutral ligand) underwent simple ligand exchange without giving any higher coordinate complexes. For L2AuX the following ligand strength series was determined: MeOH≪hex-3-yne <MeCN≈OTf(-) ≪Me(2)S<2,6-lutidine<4-picoline<CF(3)CO(2)(-) ≈DMAP<TMTU<PPh(3) <OH(-) ≈Cl(-). Some heteroligand complexes DTBPAuX exist in solution in equilibrium with the corresponding symmetrical species. Binuclear complexes dppf(AuOTf)(2) and S-tolBINAP(AuOTf)(2) showed different behavior in exchange reactions with ligands depending on the ligand strength. Thus, PPh(3) causes abstraction of one gold atom to give mononuclear complexes LLAuPPh(3)(+) and (Ph(3)P)(n)Au(+), but other N and S ligands give ordinary dicationic species LL(AuNu)(2)(2+). In reactions with different bases, LAu(+) provided new oxonium ions whose chemistry was also studied: (DTBPAu)(3)O(+), (L2Au)(2)OH(+), (L2Au)(3)O(+), (L3Au)(2)OH(+), and (IMesAu)(2)OH(+). Ultimately, formation of gold hydroxide LAuOH (L=L2, L3, IMes) was studied. Ligand- or base-assisted interconversions between (L2Au)(2)OH(+), (L2Au)(3)O(+), and L2AuOH are described. Reactions of dppf(AuOTf)(2) and S-tolBINAP(AuOTf)(2) with bases provided more interesting oxonium ions, whose molecular composition was found to be [dppf(Au)(2)](3)O(2)(2+), L8(Au)(2)OH(+), and [L8(Au)(2)](3)O(2)(2+), but their exact structure was not established. Several reactions between different oxonium species were conducted to observe mixed heteroligand oxonium species. Reaction of L2AuNCMe(+) with S(2-) was studied; several new complexes with sulfide are described. For many reversible reactions the corresponding equilibrium constants were determined.
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79
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Liu B, Zhao Q, Wang H, Chen J, Cao X, Cao Z, Xia H. Synthesis of Osmapyridiniums by [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction between Osmium Alkenylcarbyne and Nitriles. CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201200650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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80
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Medina F, Michon C, Agbossou-Niedercorn F. Intermolecular Mono- and Dihydroamination of Activated Alkenes Using a Recoverable Gold Catalyst. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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81
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Ghebreghiorgis T, Biannic B, Kirk BH, Ess DH, Aponick A. The Importance of Hydrogen Bonding to Stereoselectivity and Catalyst Turnover in Gold-Catalyzed Cyclization of Monoallylic Diols. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:16307-18. [DOI: 10.1021/ja306333a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ghebreghiorgis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611,
United States
| | - Berenger Biannic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611,
United States
| | - Brian H. Kirk
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Brigham Young University,
Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Daniel H. Ess
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Brigham Young University,
Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Aaron Aponick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611,
United States
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82
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Cera G, Piscitelli S, Chiarucci M, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Ramón RS, Nolan SP, Bandini M. One-Pot Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Azepino[1,2-a]indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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83
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Cera G, Piscitelli S, Chiarucci M, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Ramón RS, Nolan SP, Bandini M. One-Pot Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Azepino[1,2-a]indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9891-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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84
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Prakash GKS, Munoz SB, Papp A, Masood K, Bychinskaya I, Mathew T, Olah GA. Nafion-Ru: A Sustainable Catalyst for Selective Hydration of Nitriles to Amides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201200043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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85
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Alvarado E, Badaj AC, Larocque TG, Lavoie GG. N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Imidazole-2-thiones as Ligands for the Gold(I)-Catalysed Hydroamination of Phenylacetylene. Chemistry 2012; 18:12112-21. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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86
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Gómez-Suárez A, Nolan SP. Dinuclear gold catalysis: are two gold centers better than one? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8156-9. [PMID: 22811398 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST UK
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87
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Gómez-Suárez A, Nolan SP. Katalyse mit zweikernigen Goldkomplexen: Sind zwei Goldzentren besser als eines? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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88
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Jacques B, Kirsch J, de Frémont P, Braunstein P. NHC Gold(III) Triflimidate Complexes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3004256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Jacques
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut
de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jonathan Kirsch
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut
de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre de Frémont
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut
de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut
de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
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89
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Gaillard S, Cazin CSJ, Nolan SP. N-heterocyclic carbene gold(I) and copper(I) complexes in C-H bond activation. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:778-87. [PMID: 22166092 DOI: 10.1021/ar200188f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental concerns have and will continue to have a significant role in determining how chemistry is carried out. Chemists will be challenged to develop new, efficient synthetic processes that have the fewest possible steps leading to a target molecule, the goal being to decrease the amount of waste generated and reduce energy use. Along this path, chemists will need to develop highly selective reactions with atom-economical pathways producing nontoxic byproduct. In this context, C-H bond activation and functionalization is an extremely attractive method. Indeed, for most organic transformations, the presence of a reactive functionality is required. In Total Synthesis, the "protection and deprotection" approach with such reactive groups limits the overall yield of the synthesis, involves the generation of significant chemical waste, costs energy, and in the end is not as green as one would hope. In turn, if a C-H bond functionalization were possible, instead of the use of a prefunctionalized version of the said C-H bond, the number of steps in a synthesis would obviously be reduced. In this case, the C-H bond can be viewed as a dormant functional group that can be activated when necessary during the synthetic strategy. One issue increasing the challenge of such a desired reaction is selectivity. The cleavage of a C-H bond (bond dissociation requires between 85 and 105 kcal/mol) necessitates a high-energy species, which could quickly become a drawback for the control of chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity. Transition metal catalysts are useful reagents for surmounting this problem; they can decrease the kinetic barrier of the reaction yet retain control over selectivity. Transition metal complexes also offer important versatility in having distinct pathways that can lead to activation of the C-H bond. An oxidative addition of the metal in the C-H bond, and a base-assisted metal-carbon bond formation in which the base can be coordinated (or not) to the metal complexes are possible. These different C-H bond activation modes provide chemists with several synthetic options. In this Account, we discuss recent discoveries involving the versatile NHC-gold(I) and NHC-copper(I) hydroxide complexes (where NHC is N-heterocyclic carbene) showing interesting Brønsted basic properties for C-H bond activation or C-H bond functionalization purposes. The simple and easy synthesis of these two complexes involves their halide-bearing relatives reacting with simple alkali metal hydroxides. These complexes can react cleanly with organic compounds bearing protons with compatible pK(a) values, producing only water as byproduct. It is a very simple protocol indeed and may be sold as a C-H bond activation, although the less flashy "metalation reaction" also accurately describes the process. The synthesis of these complexes has led us to develop new organometallic chemistry and catalysis involving C-H bond activation (metalation) and subsequent C-H bond functionalization. We further highlight applications with these reactions, in areas such as photoluminescence and biological activities of NHC-gold(I) and NHC-copper(I) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Gaillard
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN-Université de Caen, 6 bd. Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | | | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
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90
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Delgado-Rebollo M, Beltrán Á, Prieto A, Mar Díaz-Requejo M, Echavarren AM, Pérez PJ. Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization with Gold Complexes Containing N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands with Pendant Donor Groups. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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91
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Roşca DA, Smith DA, Bochmann M. Cyclometallated gold(iii) hydroxides as versatile synthons for Au–N, Au–C complexes and luminescent compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7247-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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92
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Gaillard S, Rix D, Slawin AMZ, Lacour J, Nolan SP. Phosphate binding to the [Au(IPr)] moiety: inner vs. outer sphere coordination behaviour. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:8235-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30440f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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93
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Schmidbaur H, Schier A. Aurophilic interactions as a subject of current research: an up-date. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:370-412. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15182g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 862] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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94
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Tang Y, Yu B. Identification of (phosphine)gold(i) hydrates and their equilibria in wet solutions. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22282e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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95
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Gómez-Suárez A, Ramón RS, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP. Synthetic routes to [Au(NHC)(OH)] (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:5461-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30294b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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96
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Hashmi ASK, Schuster AM, Gaillard S, Cavallo L, Poater A, Nolan SP. Selectivity Switch in the Synthesis of Vinylgold(I) Intermediates. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om2009556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - Andreas M. Schuster
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - Sylvain Gaillard
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
et Thioorganique, UMR 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN-Université de Caen, 6 bd. Maréchal Juin 14050 Caen, France
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Salerno, Via ponte don Melillo, 84084, Fisciano,
Italy
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemicals and Life Sciences & Engineering 4700, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Albert Poater
- Catalan
Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
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97
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Egbert JD, Chartoire A, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Palladium(II) Hydroxide Dimers. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200579h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Egbert
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom KY16 9ST
| | - Anthony Chartoire
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom KY16 9ST
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom KY16 9ST
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom KY16 9ST
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98
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Ramón RS, Pottier C, Gómez-Suárez A, Nolan SP. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Tandem Alkoxylation/Lactonization of γ-Hydroxy-α,β-Acetylenic Esters. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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99
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Brulé E, Gaillard S, Rager MN, Roisnel T, Guérineau V, Nolan SP, Thomas CM. Polymerization of Racemic β-Butyrolactone Using Gold Catalysts: A Simple Access to Biodegradable Polymers. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200271q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Brulé
- Chimie ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7223, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Gaillard
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Marie-Noëlle Rager
- NMR Facility, Chimie ParisTech, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Centre de Diffractométrie X, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Guérineau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Christophe M. Thomas
- Chimie ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7223, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
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100
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Simonneau A, Jaroschik F, Lesage D, Karanik M, Guillot R, Malacria M, Tabet JC, Goddard JP, Fensterbank L, Gandon V, Gimbert Y. Tracking gold acetylides in gold(i)-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions of enynes. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00478f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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