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Niu M, Gao D, Wen Q, Wei P, Pan S, Shuai C, Ma H, Xiang J, Li Z, Fan S, Li G, Peng S. MiR-29c regulates the expression of miR-34c and miR-449a by targeting DNA methyltransferase 3a and 3b in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:218. [PMID: 26975503 PMCID: PMC4791796 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is prevalent in South East Asia and Southern China particularly, despite the reported 5-year survival ratio is relative higher than other deadly cancers such as liver, renal, pancreas cancer, the lethality is characterized by high metastatic potential in the early stage and high recurrence rate after radiation treatment. MicroRNA-29c was found to be down-regulated in the serum as well as in the tissue of nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue. METHODS In this study, we found accidentally that the transfection of pre-miR-29c or miR-29c mimics significantly increases the expression level of miR-34c and miR-449a but doesn't affect that of miR-222 using real-time quantitative PCR in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. To explore the molecular mechanism of the regulatory role, the cells are treated with 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) treatment and the level of miR-34c and miR-449a but not miR-222 accumulated by the treatment. DNA methyltransferase 3a, 3b were down-regulated by the 5-Aza-CdR treatment with western blot and real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS We found that pre-miR-29c or miR-29c mimics significantly increases the expression level of miR-34c and miR-449a. We further found DNA methyltransferase 3a and 3b are the target gene of miR-29c. Restoration of miR-29c in NPC cells down-regulated DNA methyltransferase 3a, 3b, but not DNA methyltransferase T1. CONCLUSIONS The regulation of miR-29c/DNMTs/miR-34c\449a is an important molecular axis of NPC development and targeting DNMTs or restoring of miR-29c might be a promising therapy strategy for the prevention of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Niu
- />Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Dan Gao
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- />Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Pingpin Wei
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Suming Pan
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
- />Guandong Provincial Yuebei People’s Hospital, Shaoguan, 512025 China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- />Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 China
| | - Huiling Ma
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Juanjuan Xiang
- />Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Zheng Li
- />Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Songqing Fan
- />Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- />Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Shuping Peng
- />Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
- />Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
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Current and Emerging Technologies for the Analysis of the Genome-Wide and Locus-Specific DNA Methylation Patterns. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 945:343-430. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43624-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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53
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Nawaz I, Hu LF, Du ZM, Moumad K, Ignatyev I, Pavlova TV, Kashuba V, Almgren M, Zabarovsky ER, Ernberg I. Integrin α9 gene promoter is hypermethylated and downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2015; 6:31493-507. [PMID: 26372814 PMCID: PMC4741620 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) by promoter methylation can be an early event in the multi-step process of carcinogenesis. Human chromosome 3 contains clusters of TSGs involved in many cancer types including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the most common cancer in Southern China. Among ten candidate TSGs identified in chromosome 3 using NotI microarray, ITGA9 and WNT7A could be validated. 5'-aza-2' deoxycytidine treatment restored the expression of ITGA9 and WNT7A in two NPC cell lines. Immunostaining showed strong expression of these genes in the membrane and cytoplasm of adjacent control nasopharyngeal epithelium cells, while they were weakly expressed in NPC tumor cells. The ITGA9 promoter showed marked differentially methylation between tumor and control tissue, whereas no differentially methylation could be detected for the WNT7A promoter. The expression level of ITGA9 in NPC tumors was downregulated 4.9-fold, compared to the expression in control. ITGA9 methylation was detected by methylation specific PCR (MSP) in 56% of EBV positive NPC-cases with 100% specificity. Taken together, this suggests that ITGA9 might be a TSG in NPC that is involved in tumor cell biology. The possibility of using ITGA9 methylation as a marker for early detection of NPC should further be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Nawaz
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Li-Fu Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zi-Ming Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Khalid Moumad
- Department of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Oncovirology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ilya Ignatyev
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tatiana V. Pavlova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Kashuba
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Almgren
- Department Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eugene R. Zabarovsky
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ingemar Ernberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Grawenda AM, O'Neill E. Clinical utility of RASSF1A methylation in human malignancies. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:372-81. [PMID: 26158424 PMCID: PMC4522630 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The high frequency of RASSF1A methylation has been noted in a vast number of patients in a broad spectrum of malignancies, suggesting that RASSF1A inactivation is associated with cancer pathogenesis. However, whether this recurrent incidence of RASSF1A hypermethylation in human malignancies and its association with more aggressive tumour phenotype is a frequent event across different cancer types has not yet been discussed. In this review, we interrogated existing evidence for association of RASSF1A hypermethylation with clinicopathological characteristics that can indicate more invasive lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Grawenda
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E O'Neill
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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55
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A Review: Proteomics in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15497-530. [PMID: 26184160 PMCID: PMC4519910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is generally effective in the treatment of major nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), this treatment still makes approximately 20% of patients radioresistant. Therefore, the identification of blood or biopsy biomarkers that can predict the treatment response to radioresistance and that can diagnosis early stages of NPC would be highly useful to improve this situation. Proteomics is widely used in NPC for searching biomarkers and comparing differentially expressed proteins. In this review, an overview of proteomics with different samples related to NPC and common proteomics methods was made. In conclusion, identical proteins are sorted as follows: Keratin is ranked the highest followed by such proteins as annexin, heat shock protein, 14-3-3σ, nm-23 protein, cathepsin, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, enolase, triosephosphate isomerase, stathmin, prohibitin, and vimentin. This ranking indicates that these proteins may be NPC-related proteins and have potential value for further studies.
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Dai W, Cheung AKL, Ko JMY, Cheng Y, Zheng H, Ngan RKC, Ng WT, Lee AWM, Yau CC, Lee VHF, Lung ML. Comparative methylome analysis in solid tumors reveals aberrant methylation at chromosome 6p in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Med 2015; 4:1079-90. [PMID: 25924914 PMCID: PMC4529346 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered patterns of DNA methylation are key features of cancer. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has the highest incidence in Southern China. Aberrant methylation at the promoter region of tumor suppressors is frequently reported in NPC; however, genome-wide methylation changes have not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, we systematically analyzed methylome data in 25 primary NPC tumors and nontumor counterparts using a high-throughput approach with the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Comparatively, we examined the methylome data of 11 types of solid tumors collected by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In NPC, the hypermethylation pattern was more dominant than hypomethylation and the majority of de novo methylated loci were within or close to CpG islands in tumors. The comparative methylome analysis reveals hypermethylation at chromosome 6p21.3 frequently occurred in NPC (false discovery rate; FDR=1.33 × 10−9), but was less obvious in other types of solid tumors except for prostate and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive gastric cancer (FDR<10−3). Bisulfite pyrosequencing results further confirmed the aberrant methylation at 6p in an additional patient cohort. Evident enrichment of the repressive mark H3K27me3 and active mark H3K4me3 derived from human embryonic stem cells were found at these regions, indicating both DNA methylation and histone modification function together, leading to epigenetic deregulation in NPC. Our study highlights the importance of epigenetic deregulation in NPC. Polycomb Complex 2 (PRC2), responsible for H3K27 trimethylation, is a promising therapeutic target. A key genomic region on 6p with aberrant methylation was identified. This region contains several important genes having potential use as biomarkers for NPC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | | | - Josephine Mun Yee Ko
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Roger Kai Cheong Ngan
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Wai Tong Ng
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Anne Wing Mui Lee
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Chung Yau
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China.,Department of Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Victor Ho Fu Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Maria Li Lung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China.,Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), China
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Shen T, Tang LQ, Luo DH, Chen QY, Li PJ, Mai DM, Guo SS, Liu LT, Qian CN, Guo X, Zeng MS, Mo HY, Mai HQ. Different prognostic values of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA and maximal standardized uptake value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with recurrence. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122756. [PMID: 25853677 PMCID: PMC4390333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the prognostic value of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and maximal standard uptake values (SUVmax ) of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) in subgroups of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with locoregional or distant recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 194 patients with recurrent NPC (locoregional recurrence: 107, distant recurrence: 87) were enrolled. Patients took evidence of recurrence performed with 18F-FDG-PET and an EBV DNA test before salvage treatment. Clinical parameters, the status of EBV DNA and the value of SUVmax were used for survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS In the subgroup of patients with locoregional recurrence, patients with SUVmax<8.65 had significantly better overall survival (OS) (P=0.005) compared with the patients with SUVmax ≥8.65. However, both elevated EBV DNA load (≥21,100 copies/ml) and distant SUVmax (≥13.55) were significantly associated with worse OS compared with the patients with EBV DNA <21,100 copies/ml or distant SUVmax <13.55 for the subgroup with distant recurrence (P=0.015 and P=0.006, respectively). The predictive ability of EBV DNA was superior to that of SUVmax (P=0.062). Multivariate analysis showed that SUVmax was only an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with locoregional recurrence (P=0.042), whereas EBV DNA independently predicted OS for the patients with distant recurrence (P=0.007). For those patients with undetectable EBV DNA, SUVmax<8.65 was still an independent favorable prognostic factor (P=0.038). CONCLUSIONS SUVmax is a useful biomarker for predicting OS in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with locoregional recurrence or with undetectable EBV DNA. Both distant SUVmax and EBV DNA appear to be independent predictors of OS in patients with distant recurrence; however, the predictive ability of EBV DNA was superior to that of SUVmax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Quan Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Hua Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Jing Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Mai
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ting Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Yuan Mo
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (HQM); (HYM)
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (HQM); (HYM)
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58
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Genomic assays for Epstein-Barr virus-positive gastric adenocarcinoma. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e134. [PMID: 25613731 PMCID: PMC4314585 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2014.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A small set of gastric adenocarcinomas (9%) harbor Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA within malignant cells, and the virus is not an innocent bystander but rather is intimately linked to pathogenesis and tumor maintenance. Evidence comes from unique genomic features of host DNA, mRNA, microRNA and CpG methylation profiles as revealed by recent comprehensive genomic analysis by The Cancer Genome Atlas Network. Their data show that gastric cancer is not one disease but rather comprises four major classes: EBV-positive, microsatellite instability (MSI), genomically stable and chromosome instability. The EBV-positive class has even more marked CpG methylation than does the MSI class, and viral cancers have a unique pattern of methylation linked to the downregulation of CDKN2A (p16) but not MLH1. EBV-positive cancers often have mutated PIK3CA and ARID1A and an amplified 9p24.1 locus linked to overexpression of JAK2, CD274 (PD-L1) and PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2). Multiple noncoding viral RNAs are highly expressed. Patients who fail standard therapy may qualify for enrollment in clinical trials targeting cancer-related human gene pathways or promoting destruction of infected cells through lytic induction of EBV genes. Genomic tests such as the GastroGenus Gastric Cancer Classifier are available to identify actionable variants in formalin-fixed cancer tissue of affected patients.
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