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Ayrle H, Mevissen M, Kaske M, Nathues H, Gruetzner N, Melzig M, Walkenhorst M. Medicinal plants--prophylactic and therapeutic options for gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves and piglets? A systematic review. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:89. [PMID: 27268043 PMCID: PMC4896019 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves and piglets lead to significant economic losses in livestock husbandry. A high morbidity has been reported for diarrhea (calves ≤ 35%; piglets ≤ 50%) and for respiratory diseases (calves ≤ 80%; piglets ≤ 40%). Despite a highly diverse etiology and pathophysiology of these diseases, treatment with antimicrobials is often the first-line therapy. Multi-antimicrobial resistance in pathogens results in international accordance to strengthen the research in novel treatment options. Medicinal plants bear a potential as alternative or additional treatment. Based on the versatile effects of their plant specific multi-component-compositions, medicinal plants can potentially act as 'multi-target drugs'. Regarding the plurality of medicinal plants, the aim of this systematic review was to identify potential medicinal plant species for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases and for modulation of the immune system and inflammation in calves and piglets. RESULTS Based on nine initial sources including standard textbooks and European ethnoveterinary studies, a total of 223 medicinal plant species related to the treatment of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases was identified. A defined search strategy was established using the PRISMA statement to evaluate 30 medicinal plant species starting from 20'000 peer-reviewed articles published in the last 20 years (1994-2014). This strategy led to 418 references (257 in vitro, 84 in vivo and 77 clinical trials, thereof 48 clinical trials in veterinary medicine) to evaluate effects of medicinal plants and their efficacy in detail. The findings indicate that the most promising candidates for gastrointestinal diseases are Allium sativum L., Mentha x piperita L. and Salvia officinalis L.; for diseases of the respiratory tract Echinacea purpurea (L.) MOENCH, Thymus vulgaris L. and Althea officinalis L. were found most promising, and Echinacea purpurea (L.) MOENCH, Camellia sinensis (L.) KUNTZE, Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and Origanum vulgare L. were identified as best candidates for modulation of the immune system and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Several medicinal plants bear a potential for novel treatment strategies for young livestock. There is a need for further research focused on gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves and piglets, and the findings of this review provide a basis on plant selection for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ayrle
- Department of Livestock Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, postbox 219, Frick, 5070, Switzerland. .,Division Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 124, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
| | - Meike Mevissen
- Division Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 124, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kaske
- Department of Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Heiko Nathues
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swine Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Niels Gruetzner
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swine Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Melzig
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Koenigin-Luise-Strasse 2 + 4, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Michael Walkenhorst
- Department of Livestock Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, postbox 219, Frick, 5070, Switzerland
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Therapeutic effect of ethyl acetate extract from Asparagus cochinchinensis on phthalic anhydride-induced skin inflammation. Lab Anim Res 2016; 32:34-45. [PMID: 27051441 PMCID: PMC4816995 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2016.32.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Asparagus cochinchinensis has been used to treat various diseases including fever, cough, kidney disease, breast cancer, inflammatory disease and brain disease, while IL-4 cytokine has been considered as key regulator on the skin homeostasis and the predisposition toward allergic skin inflammation. However, few studies have investigated its effects and IL-4 correlation on skin inflammation to date. To quantitatively evaluate the suppressive effects of ethyl acetate extracts of A. cochinchinensis (EaEAC) on phthalic anhydride (PA)-induced skin inflammation and investigate the role of IL-4 during their action mechanism, alterations in general phenotype biomarkers and luciferase-derived signals were measured in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic (Tg) mice with PA-induced skin inflammation after treatment with EaEAC for 2 weeks. Key phenotype markers including lymph node weight, immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration, epidermis thickness and number of infiltrated mast cells were significantly decreased in the PA+EaEAC treated group compared with the PA+Vehicle treated group. In addition, expression of IL-1β and TNF-α was also decreased in the PA+EaEAC cotreated group, compared to PA+Vehicle treated group. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the luciferase signal derived from IL-4 promoter was detected in the abdominal region, submandibular lymph node and mesenteric lymph node of the PA+EaEAC treated group, compared to PA+Vehicle treated group. Taken together, these results suggest that EaEAC treatment could successfully improve PA-induced skin inflammation of IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice, and that IL-4 cytokine plays a key role in the therapeutic process of EaEAC.
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Ortiz MI, Fernández-Martínez E, Soria-Jasso LE, Lucas-Gómez I, Villagómez-Ibarra R, González-García MP, Castañeda-Hernández G, Salinas-Caballero M. Isolation, identification and molecular docking as cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors of the main constituents of Matricaria chamomilla L. extract and its synergistic interaction with diclofenac on nociception and gastric damage in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 78:248-256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Sarmento-Neto JF, do Nascimento LG, Felipe CFB, de Sousa DP. Analgesic Potential of Essential Oils. Molecules 2015; 21:E20. [PMID: 26703556 PMCID: PMC6273222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensation associated with a wide range of injuries and diseases, and affects approximately 20% of adults in the world. The discovery of new and more effective drugs that can relieve pain is an important research goal in both the pharmaceutical industry and academia. This review describes studies involving antinociceptive activity of essential oils from 31 plant species. Botanical aspects of aromatic plants, mechanisms of action in pain models and chemical composition profiles of the essential oils are discussed. The data obtained in these studies demonstrate the analgesic potential of this group of natural products for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ferreira Sarmento-Neto
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
| | - Lázaro Gomes do Nascimento
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
| | | | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
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Flemming M, Kraus B, Rascle A, Jürgenliemk G, Fuchs S, Fürst R, Heilmann J. Revisited anti-inflammatory activity of matricine in vitro: Comparison with chamazulene. Fitoterapia 2015; 106:122-8. [PMID: 26304764 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The proazulene matricine (1) is present in chamomile flower heads and has been proven to exhibit strong in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast to other secondary metabolites in chamomile preparations like its degradation product chamazulene (2), no plausible targets have been found to explain this activity. Therefore we revisited 1 regarding its in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in cellular and molecular studies. Using ICAM-1 as a marker for NF-κB activation, it was shown that ICAM-1 protein expression induced by TNF-α and LPS, but not by IFN-γ, was remarkably inhibited by 1 in endothelial cells (HMEC-1). Inhibition was concentration-dependent in a micromolar range (10-75 μM) and did not involve cytotoxic effects. At 75 μM expression of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 was down to 52.7 ± 3.3% and 20.4 ± 1.8% of control in TNF-α and LPS-stimulated HMEC-1, respectively. In contrast, 2 showed no activity. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments revealed that TNF-α-induced expression of the ICAM-1 gene was also reduced by 1 in a concentration-dependent manner, reaching 32.3 ± 6.2% of control at 100 μM matricine. Additional functional assays (NF-κB promotor activity and cytoplasm to nucleus translocation) confirmed the inhibitory effect of 1 on NF-κB signaling. Despite the fact that 1 lacks an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl and is thus not able to act via a Michael reaction with electron rich SH groups of functional biological molecules, data gave strong evidence that 1 inhibits NF-κB transcriptional activity in endothelial cells by an hitherto unknown mechanism and this may contribute to its well-known anti-inflammatory activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Flemming
- Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Kraus
- Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anne Rascle
- Institut für Immunologie, Universität Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Guido Jürgenliemk
- Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simone Fuchs
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jörg Heilmann
- Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Nurulain S, Prytkova T, Sultan AM, Ievglevskyi O, Lorke D, Yang KHS, Petroianu G, Howarth FC, Kabbani N, Oz M. Inhibitory actions of bisabolol on α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Neuroscience 2015; 306:91-9. [PMID: 26283025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bisabolol is a plant-derived monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol with antinociceptive and antiinflammatory actions. However, molecular targets mediating these effects of bisabolol are poorly understood. In this study, using a two-electrode voltage-clamp and patch-clamp techniques and live cellular calcium imaging, we have investigated the effect of bisabolol on the function of human α7 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in Xenopus oocytes, interneurons of rat hippocampal slices. We have found that bisabolol reversibly and concentration dependently (IC50 = 3.1 μM) inhibits acetylcholine (ACh)-induced α7 receptor-mediated currents. The effect of bisabolol was not dependent on the membrane potential. Bisabolol inhibition was not changed by intracellular injection of the Ca(2+) chelator BAPTA and perfusion with Ca(2+)-free solution containing Ba(2+), suggesting that endogenous Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) channels are not involved in bisabolol actions. Increasing the concentrations of ACh did not reverse bisabolol inhibition. Furthermore, the specific binding of [(125)I] α-bungarotoxin was not attenuated by bisabolol. Choline-induced currents in CA1 interneurons of rat hippocampal slices were also inhibited with IC50 of 4.6 μM. Collectively, our results suggest that bisabolol directly inhibits α7-nAChRs via a binding site on the receptor channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nurulain
- Laboratory of Functional Lipidomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - T Prytkova
- Department of Biological Sciences, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - A M Sultan
- Laboratory of Functional Lipidomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - O Ievglevskyi
- Laboratory of Functional Lipidomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - D Lorke
- Department of Cellular Biology & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - K-H S Yang
- Laboratory of Functional Lipidomics, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - G Petroianu
- Department of Cellular Biology & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - F C Howarth
- Laboratory of Functional Lipidomics, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - N Kabbani
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - M Oz
- Laboratory of Functional Lipidomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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Satyal P, Shrestha S, Setzer WN. Composition and Bioactivities of an (E)-β-Farnesene Chemotype of Chamomile (Matricaria Chamomilla) Essential Oil from Nepal. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla, collected from Nepal, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. The major components in Nepalese chamomile oil were ( E)-β-farnesene (42.2%), α-bisabolol oxide A (22.3%), ( E,E)-α-farnesene (8.3%), cis-bicycloether (5.0%), α-bisabolol oxide B (4.5%), and α-bisabolone oxide A (4.0%). A cluster analysis based on the chemical compositions of 48 samples of chamomile oil reported in the literature has revealed seven chemotypes, and the oil from Nepal represents the ( E)-β-farnesene chemotype. The chamomile oil was screened for antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger, and toxicity toward MCF-7 breast tumor cells, Artemia salina, Chaoborus plumicornis, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabodh Satyal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Samon Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
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Involvement of Cholinergic and Opioid System in γ-Terpinene-Mediated Antinociception. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:829414. [PMID: 26170885 PMCID: PMC4480809 DOI: 10.1155/2015/829414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The literature shows that the monoterpenes are great candidates for the development of new drugs for the treatment of various pathological processes, including painful conditions. The gamma terpinene (γ-TPN) is a monoterpene present in plant species that have multiple pharmacological properties and has structural similarity to antinociceptive monoterpenes, such as limonene and alpha-phellandrene. The γ-TPN molecular mass was evaluated by mass spectrometry and showed a pseudomolecular ion with m/z 137.0 Da. The animals did not present any signs of acute toxicity at 2 g/kg, p.o. γ-TPN (1.562 to 50 mg/kg, p.o.) showed an antinociceptive effect in the formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate tests. γ-TPN has antinociceptive action when administered by others routes in glutamate test. To eliminate a possible sedative effect of γ-TPN, the open field and rota-rod test were conducted and the γ-TPN did not show muscle relaxant activity or central depressant effect. To investigate the mechanisms of action, the animals were pretreated with naloxone, glibenclamide, atropine, mecamylamine, or L-arginine in the glutamate test. γ-TPN antinociception was inhibited in the presence of naloxone, glibenclamide, atropine, and mecamylamine. The results suggest that the γ-TPN (p.o.) produced antinociceptive effect in models of chemical nociception through the cholinergic and opioid systems involvement.
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Pérez-Rosés R, Risco E, Vila R, Peñalver P, Cañigueral S. Antioxidant activity of Tween-20 and Tween-80 evaluated through different in-vitro tests. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 67:666-72. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the possible antioxidant activity of Tween-20 and Tween-80, two amphipathic nonionic surfactants commonly used as solubilizers and stabilizers, whose pharmacological effects have been ignored to a large degree.
Methods
Antioxidant activity was investigated in vitro measuring the scavenging activity on the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH●), the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in activated human neutrophils using flow cytometry and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitory activity.
Key findings
Tween-20 and Tween-80 did not show scavenging activity on DPPH●, while produced a decrease of the ROS production in human neutrophils, being Tween-20 more active than Tween-80. Moreover, Tween-80 and Tween-20 were found to significantly stimulate MPO enzymatic activity.
Conclusions
Our findings raise concerns with regard to the indiscriminate use of Tween-20 and Tween-80 in clinical and laboratory testing, since they could influence the results that are assigned to the tested substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Pérez-Rosés
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Risco
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Phytonexus S.L., Carlet (València), Spain
| | - Roser Vila
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Cañigueral
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Oliveira FDA, Andrade LN, de Sousa EBV, de Sousa DP. Anti-ulcer activity of essential oil constituents. Molecules 2014; 19:5717-47. [PMID: 24802985 PMCID: PMC6290561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19055717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils have attracted considerable worldwide attention over the last few decades. These natural products have wide-ranging pharmacological activities and biotechnological applications. Faced with the need to find new anti-ulcer agents and the great effort on the development of drugs for the treatment of ulcers, in this review, the anti-ulcer activities of 21 bioactive compounds found in essential oils are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Nalone Andrade
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Farmácia, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil
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Popović V, Petrović S, Tomić M, Stepanović-Petrović R, Micov A, Pavlović-Drobac M, Couladis M, Niketić M. Antinociceptive and Anti-edematous Activities of the Essential Oils of Two Balkan EndemicLaserpitium Species. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper antinociceptive and anti-edematous effects are examined of the essential oils of the underground parts of two Balkan endemic Laserpitium species (Apiaceae), L. zernyi and L. ochridanum. Furthermore, the essential oil of the underground parts of L. ochridanum is chemically characterised by GC and GC-MS. Antinociceptive and anti-edematous effects were measured in a rat model of localized inflammation, induced by carrageenan, using apparatus for the modified paw-pressure test, and plethysmometer, respectively. The effects of both Laserpitium essential oils were measured after oral gavage administration to male Wistar rats in doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. The main constituents of L. ochridanum essential oil were: α-pinene (33.2%), α-bisabolol (10.3%) and chamazulene (14.9%). The essential oil of L. zernyi was previously shown to be rich in α-pinene (31.6%) and α-bisabolol (30.9%). Both examined essential oils produced a significant dose-dependent antinociceptive effect. The corresponding ED50±SEM in producing antinociception were 45.9±4.9 mg/kg and 42.4±2.1 mg/kg for L. zernyi and L. ochridanum oil, respectively. Both essential oils also significantly reduced paw edema in a dose-dependent manner. The estimated ED50±SEM values for the anti-edematous effect were 36.3±4.5 mg/kg for L. zernyi oil and 45.1±11.3 mg/kg for L. ochridanum oil. These results suggest that the essential oils of both investigated Laserpitium species may be effective against pain and edema present in various inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Višnja Popović
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Silvana Petrović
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Tomić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radica Stepanović-Petrović
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Micov
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Pavlović-Drobac
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maria Couladis
- University of Athens, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Panepistimiopoli Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Marjan Niketić
- Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Optimization and pharmacological validation of a leukocyte migration assay in zebrafish larvae for the rapid in vivo bioactivity analysis of anti-inflammatory secondary metabolites. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75404. [PMID: 24124487 PMCID: PMC3790782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as an attractive model for in vivo drug discovery. In this study, we explore the suitability of zebrafish larvae to rapidly evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of natural products (NPs) and medicinal plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. First, we optimized a zebrafish assay for leukocyte migration. Inflammation was induced in four days post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larvae by tail transection and co-incubation with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), resulting in a robust recruitment of leukocytes to the zone of injury. Migrating zebrafish leukocytes were detected in situ by myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining, and anti-inflammatory activity was semi-quantitatively scored using a standardized scale of relative leukocyte migration (RLM). Pharmacological validation of this optimized assay was performed with a panel of anti-inflammatory drugs, demonstrating a concentration-responsive inhibition of leukocyte migration for both steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAIDs and NSAIDs). Subsequently, we evaluated the bioactivity of structurally diverse NPs with well-documented anti-inflammatory properties. Finally, we further used this zebrafish-based assay to quantify the anti-inflammatory activity in the aqueous and methanolic extracts of several medicinal plants. Our results indicate the suitability of this LPS-enhanced leukocyte migration assay in zebrafish larvae as a front-line screening platform in NP discovery, including for the bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory secondary metabolites from complex NP extracts.
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Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of riparin II (O-methil-N-2-hidroxi-benzoyl tyramine) in animal models. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 205:165-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Revised: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Tomić M, Popović V, Petrović S, Stepanović-Petrović R, Micov A, Pavlović-Drobac M, Couladis M. Antihyperalgesic and antiedematous activities of bisabolol-oxides-rich matricaria oil in a rat model of inflammation. Phytother Res 2013; 28:759-66. [PMID: 23983133 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
From the dried flower heads of Matricaria recutita L., essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation, and in the obtained blue oil, α-bisabolol oxide A (21.5%), α-bisabolol oxide B (25.5%) and (Z)-spiroether (cis-en-yn-spiroether) (10.3%) were identified as the main compounds, by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry analyses. The antihyperalgesic effects of this oil were examined in a rat model of inflammation induced by carrageenan, through a modified 'paw-pressure' test. Antiedematous effects were examined in a rat model of inflammation induced by carrageenan, dextran and histamine, through plethysmometry. Matricaria oil (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited a significant dose-dependent reduction of hyperalgesia and edema induced by carrageenan in both prophylactic and therapeutic treatment schemes. It was more efficacious in the prophylactic treatment scheme, and the corresponding median effective dose (ED50 ) ± standard error of the mean (SEM) values were 49.8 ± 6.0 and 42.4 ± 0.2 mg/kg for antihyperalgesic and antiedematous effects, respectively. Prophylactic treatments with matricaria oil (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) caused a significant dose-dependent antiedematous effect in dextran-induced edema with lower efficacy than in the carrageenan model. In a dose of 100 mg/kg, p.o., matricaria oil caused a slight reduction of histamine-induced edema. These results suggest that bisabolol-oxide-rich matricaria oil may be effective against pain and edema present in various inflammatory conditions, which supports matricaria traditional uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Tomić
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
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Synergistic effect of the L-tryptophan and kynurenic acid with dipyrone or paracetamol in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 205:148-56. [PMID: 23872152 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our great interest in this work was study the synergism between l-tryptophan and dipyrone or paracetamol as well as the interaction of kynurenic acid (l-tryptophan metabolite) and these analgesics agents utilizing a robust methodology. METHODS We performed the writhing test induced by acetic acid in mice to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of the treatments isolated and combined (p.o. and i.p.). Dose-response curves were constructed and the values of ED50 for treatment alone and combined were statistically compared. In addition, isobolographic analysis was performed and the experimental values were compared with the theoretical values for simple additive effect. RESULTS The combined treatment with l-tryptophan and dipyrone or paracetamol reduced significantly the ED50 of these analgesics when compared to the isolated treatments. l-tryptophan alone has no antinociceptive effect. l-Tryptophan increases the central amount of 5-HT and the synergism with dipyrone is antagonized by the 5-HT depletion. The kyna has an antinociceptive dose-related effect and a synergistic interaction with dipyrone and paracetamol verified by isobolographic analyses and confirmed by experimental values of ED50 of combined treatments were statistically lower than theoretical calculated values for simple additive effect. Melatonin antagonist receptor attenuates the antinociceptive synergism between l-tryptophan and dipyrone. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that the increased 5-HT amount on the central nervous system is not per se capable to induce antinociception. The l-tryptophan interacts synergistically with dipyrone and paracetamol both orally and by i.p. route. This effect is dependent on the biotransformation of l-tryptophan to 5-HT and involves kynurenic acid and melatonin receptors.
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Rios ERV, Rocha NFM, Carvalho AMR, Vasconcelos LF, Dias ML, de Sousa DP, de Sousa FCF, Fonteles MMDF. TRP and ASIC channels mediate the antinociceptive effect of citronellyl acetate. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 203:573-9. [PMID: 23562495 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Citronellyl acetate (CAT), a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, has been shown in the literature to possess several different biological activities. However, no antinociceptive abilities have yet been discussed. Here, we used acute pain animal models to describe the antinociceptive action of CAT. METHODS The acetic acid-induced writhing test and the paw-licking test, in which paw licking was induced by glutamate and formalin, were performed to evaluate the antinociceptive action of CAT and to determine the involvement of PKC, PKA, TRPV1, TRPA1, TRPM8 and ASIC in its antinociceptive mechanism. To do so, we induced paw-linking using agonists. RESULTS CAT was administered intragastrically (25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mg/kg), and the two higher doses caused antinociceptive effects in the acetic acid model; the highest dose reduced pain for 4h after it was administered (200 mg/kg). In the formalin test, two doses of CAT promoted antinociception in both the early and later phases of the test. The glutamate test showed that its receptors are involved in the antinociceptive mechanism of CAT. Pretreatment with CAT did not alter locomotor activity or motor coordination. In an investigation into the participation of TRP channels and ASICs in CAT's antinociceptive mechanism, we used capsaicin (2.2 μg/paw), cinnamaldehyde (10 mmol/paw), menthol (1.2 mmol/paw) and acidified saline (2% acetic acid, pH 1.98). The results showed that TRPV1, TRPM8 and ASIC, but not TRPA1, are involved in the antinociceptive mechanism. Finally, the involvement of PKC and PKA was also studied, and we showed that both play a role in the antinociceptive mechanism of CAT. CONCLUSION The results of this work contribute information regarding the antinociceptive properties of CAT on acute pain and show that, at least in part, TRPV1, TRPM8, ASIC, glutamate receptors, PKC and PKA participate in CAT's antinociceptive mechanism.
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Cavalcante Melo FH, Rios ERV, Rocha NFM, Citó MDCDO, Fernandes ML, de Sousa DP, de Vasconcelos SMM, de Sousa FCF. Antinociceptive activity of carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol) in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 64:1722-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01552.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol) is a monoterpenic phenol which is present in the essential oil of oregano and thyme. We have investigated the behavioural effects of carvacrol in animal models of pain, such as acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction, formalin and hot-plate tests in mice. The spontaneous motor activity of animals treated with carvacrol was investigated using open-field and rotarod tests.
Methods
Carvacrol was administered orally, at single doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg while indometacin (5 mg/kg), morphine (7.5 mg/kg) and diazepam (2 mg/kg) were used as standard drugs. Naloxone (1 mg/kg) and l-arginine (150 mg/kg) were used to elucidate the possible antinociceptive mechanism of carvacrol on acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and formalin tests.
Key findings
The results showed that carvacrol produced significant inhibitions on nociception in the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction, formalin and hot-plate tests. In the open-field and rotarod tests carvacrol did not significantly impair the motor performance. The effect of the highest dose of carvacrol in mice in the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and formalin tests were not reversed by naloxone or l-arginine.
Conclusions
Based on these results, it has been suggested that carvacrol presents antinociceptive activity that may not act through the opioid system nor through inhibition of the nitric oxide pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Helvira Cavalcante Melo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Emiliano Ricardo Vasconcelos Rios
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Nayrton Flávio Moura Rocha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo de Oliveira Citó
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima Fernandes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francisca Cléa Florenço de Sousa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
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