51
|
Yu Y, Liu B, Chen S, Wang J, Chen F, Liu T, Jiang N, Chen W, Weng S, Cai X, Xiang D. Trichostatin A inhibits dendritic cell maturation through down-regulating NF-κ B (p65) pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2619-2627. [PMID: 35028853 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggested that histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) could inhibit dendritic cell (DC) maturation. However, the mechanism is unclear. Here, we aimed to study whether Trichostatin A (TSA), the most widely studied HDACi, inhibits the maturation of DCs by down-regulating NF-κB (p65) pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse bone marrow-derived DCs were cultured. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was applied as stimulation for maturation. Triptolide (TTL) was applied as p65 inhibitor. Microphotography and flow cytometry showed that TSA and p65 inhibitor separately inhibited the maturation of DCs stimulated by LPS from the aspects of cell morphology and cell phenotype. Mixed lymphocyte reaction test and ELISA showed that TSA and p65 inhibitor synergistically inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes stimulated by DCs, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12 and elevated the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Western blot and RT-qPCR showed that TSA down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated IκBα, phosphorylated-p65, Ikkβ and Ikkγ, suggesting TSA down-regulates NF-κB (p65) pathway. CONCLUSIONS TSA inhibits DC maturation through down-regulating NF-κB (p65) pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Siyan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Wensi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Shengbei Weng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Daoman Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Li N, Fu L, Li Z, Ke Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Yu J. The Role of Immune Microenvironment in Maxillofacial Bone Homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.780973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillofacial bone defects are common medical problems caused by congenital defects, necrosis, trauma, tumor, inflammation, and fractures non-union. Maxillofacial bone defects often need bone graft, which has many difficulties, such as limited autogenous bone supply and donor site morbidity. Bone tissue engineering is a promising strategy to overcome the above-mentioned problems. Osteoimmunology is the inter-discipline that focuses on the relationship between the skeletal and immune systems. The immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in bone healing, tissue repair and regeneration in maxillofacial region. Recent studies have revealed the vital role of immune microenvironment and bone homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the complex interaction between immune microenvironment and bone regeneration process in oral and maxillofacial region, which will be important to improve the clinical outcome of the bone injury treatment.
Collapse
|
53
|
Wei J, Huang XJ, Huang Y, Xiong MY, Yao XY, Huang ZN, Li SN, Zhou WJ, Fang DL, Deng DH, Cheng P. Key immune-related gene ITGB2 as a prognostic signature for acute myeloid leukemia. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1386. [PMID: 34733938 PMCID: PMC8506550 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background The tumor microenvironment (TME) has an essential role in tumorigenesis, progression, and therapeutic response in many cancers. Currently, the role of TME in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unclear. This study investigated the correlation between immune-related genes and prognosis in AML patients. Methods Transcriptome RNA-Seq data for 151 AML samples were downloaded from TCGA database (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/), and the immune related genes (irgs) were selected from Immport database. Bioinformatics screening was used to identify irgs for AML, and genes with a critical role in the prognosis of AML were selected for further analysis. To confirm the prognostic role of irgs in AML, we undertook protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of the top 30 interacting genes. We then investigated associations between immune cell infiltration and prognosis in AML patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to validate protein expression levels between AML and normal bone marrow samples. Analysis of the drug sensitivity of the selected gene was then performed. Results The integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (CD11A/CD18; ITGAL/ITGB2) was identified as the key immune-related gene that significantly influenced prognosis in AML patients. Overexpression of ITGB2 indicated poor prognosis in AML patients (P=0.007). Risk modeling indicated that a high-risk score led to poor outcomes (P=3.076e−08) in AML patients. The risk model showed accuracy for predicting prognosis in AML patients, with area under curve (AUC) at 1 year, 0.816; AUC at 3 years, 0.82; and AUC at 5 years, 0.875. In addition, we found that ITGB2 had a powerful influence on immune cell infiltration into AML TME. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that AML patients had significantly higher ITGB2 protein expression than normal samples. The AML patients were divided into 2 groups based on ITGB2 risk scores. Drug sensitivity test results indicated that the high-risk group was sensitive to cytarabine, axitinib, bosutinib, and docetaxel, but resistant to cisplatin and bortezomib. Conclusions In the present study, we found that ITGB2 may be able to serve as a biomarker for assessing prognosis and drug sensitivity in AML patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wei
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Xun-Jun Huang
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Ming-Yue Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Xiang-You Yao
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Zhi-Ning Huang
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Si-Nian Li
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Wei-Jie Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, China
| | - Da-Lang Fang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Dong-Hong Deng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
He Y, Liu T, Dai S, Xu Z, Wang L, Luo F. Tumor-Associated Extracellular Matrix: How to Be a Potential Aide to Anti-tumor Immunotherapy? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:739161. [PMID: 34733848 PMCID: PMC8558531 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.739161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade therapy, has made major breakthroughs in the therapy of cancers. However, less than one-third of the cancer patients obtain significant and long-lasting therapeutic effects by cancer immunotherapy. Over the past few decades, cancer-related inflammations have been gradually more familiar to us. It’s known that chronic inflammation in tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a predominant role in tumor immunosuppression. Tumor-associated extracellular matrix (ECM), as a core member of TME, has been a research hotspot recently. A growing number of studies indicate that tumor-associated ECM is one of the major obstacles to realizing more successful cases of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we discussed the potential application of tumor-associated ECM in the cancer immunity and its aide potentialities to anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Oncology Department, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Nanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112792. [PMID: 34835555 PMCID: PMC8619332 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy has partial therapeutic effects against hematological malignancies and is correlated with serious side effects and great risk of relapse. Recently, immunotherapeutic drugs have provided encouraging results in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Several immunotherapeutic antibodies and cell therapeutics are in dynamic development such as immune checkpoint blockades and CAR-T treatment. However, numerous problems restrain the therapeutic effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy as an insufficient anti-tumor immune response, the interference of an immune-suppressive bone marrow, or tumoral milieu with the discharge of immunosuppressive components, access of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, monocyte intrusion, macrophage modifications, all factors facilitating the tumor to escape the anti-cancer immune response, finally reducing the efficiency of the immunotherapy. Nanotechnology can be employed to overcome each of these aspects, therefore having the possibility to successfully produce anti-cancer immune responses. Here, we review recent findings on the use of biomaterial-based nanoparticles in hematological malignancies immunotherapy. In the future, a deeper understanding of tumor immunology and of the implications of nanomedicine will allow nanoparticles to revolutionize tumor immunotherapy, and nanomedicine approaches will reveal their great potential for clinical translation.
Collapse
|
56
|
Guo JN, Chen D, Deng SH, Huang JR, Song JX, Li XY, Cui BB, Liu YL. Identification and quantification of immune infiltration landscape on therapy and prognosis in left- and right-sided colon cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:1313-1330. [PMID: 34657172 PMCID: PMC9122887 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background The left-sided and right-sided colon cancer (LCCs and RCCs, respectively) have unique molecular features and clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of immune cell infiltration (ICI) subtypes for evaluating prognosis and therapeutic benefits. Methods The independent gene datasets, corresponding somatic mutation and clinical information were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. The ICI contents were evaluated by “ESTIMATE” and “CIBERSORT.” We performed two computational algorithms to identify the ICI landscape related to prognosis and found the unique infiltration characteristics. Next, principal component analysis was conducted to construct ICI score based on three ICI patterns. We analyzed the correlation between ICI score and tumor mutation burden (TMB), and stratified patients into prognostic-related high- and low- ICI score groups (HSG and LSG, respectively). The role of ICI scores in the prediction of therapeutic benefits was investigated by "pRRophetic" and verified by Immunophenoscores (IPS) (TCIA database) and an independent immunotherapy cohort (IMvigor210). The key genes were preliminary screened by weighted gene co-expression network analysis based on ICI scores. And they were further identified at various levels, including single cell, protein and immunotherapy response. The predictive ability of ICI score for prognosis was also verified in IMvigor210 cohort. Results The ICI features with a better prognosis were marked by high plasma cells, dendritic cells and mast cells, low memory CD4+ T cells, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, as well as M2 macrophages. A high ICI score was characterized by an increased TMB and genomic instability related signaling pathways. The prognosis, sensitivities of targeted inhibitors and immunotherapy, IPS and expression of immune checkpoints were significantly different in HSG and LSG. The genes identified by ICI scores and various levels included CA2 and TSPAN1. Conclusion The identification of ICI subtypes and ICI scores will help gain insights into the heterogeneity in LCC and RCC, and identify patients probably benefiting from treatments. ICI scores and the key genes could serve as an effective biomarker to predict prognosis and the sensitivity of immunotherapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00262-021-03076-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Nan Guo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Du Chen
- The First Department of Oncological Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, 411100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen-Hui Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Rong Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Xuan Song
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yu Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Bin Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Long Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Zhang W, An EK, Hwang J, Jin JO. Mice Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Were Activated by Lipopolysaccharides Through Toll-Like Receptor 4/Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2. Front Immunol 2021; 12:727161. [PMID: 34603298 PMCID: PMC8481683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.727161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are known to respond to viral infections. However, the activation of pDCs by bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) has not been well studied. Here, we found that pDCs, conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), and B cells express high levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a receptor for LPS. Moreover, LPS could effectively bind to not only cDCs but also pDCs and B cells. Intraperitoneal administration of LPS promoted activation of splenic pDCs and cDCs. LPS treatment led to upregulation of interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) and induced production of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) in splenic pDCs. Furthermore, LPS-dependent upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules in pDCs did not require the assistance of other immune cells, such as cDCs. However, the production levels of IFN-α were decreased in cDC-depleted splenocytes, indicating that cDCs may contribute to the enhancement of IFN-α production in pDCs. Finally, we showed that activation of pDCs by LPS requires the TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) signaling pathways. Thus, these results demonstrate that the gram-negative component LPS can directly stimulate pDCs via TLR4/MD2 stimulation in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Eun-Koung An
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Sun J, Tang Q, Zhang J, Chen G, Peng J, Chen L. Possible Immunotherapeutic Strategies Based on Carcinogen-Dependent Subgroup Classification for Oral Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:717038. [PMID: 34497832 PMCID: PMC8419237 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.717038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity serves as an open local organ of the human body, exposed to multiple external factors from the outside environment. Coincidentally, initiation and development of oral cancer are attributed to many external factors, such as smoking and drinking, to a great extent. This phenomenon was partly explained by the genetic abnormalities traditionally induced by carcinogens. However, more and more attention has been attracted to the influence of carcinogens on the local immune status. On the other hand, immune heterogeneity of cancer patients is a huge obstacle for enhancing the clinical efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Thus, in this review, we try to summarize the current opinions about variant genetic changes and multiple immune alterations induced by different oral cancer carcinogens and discuss the prospects of targeted immunotherapeutic strategies based on specific immune abnormalities caused by different carcinogens, as a predictive way to improve clinical outcomes of immunotherapy-treated oral cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyuan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangjin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Bernal-Estévez DA, Ortíz Barbosa MA, Ortíz-Montero P, Cifuentes C, Sánchez R, Parra-López CA. Autologous Dendritic Cells in Combination With Chemotherapy Restore Responsiveness of T Cells in Breast Cancer Patients: A Single-Arm Phase I/II Trial. Front Immunol 2021; 12:669965. [PMID: 34489928 PMCID: PMC8417880 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Animal studies and preclinical studies in cancer patients suggest that the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) by neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (NAC-AC) recovers the functional performance of the immune system. This could favor immunotherapy schemes such as the administration of antigen-free autologous dendritic cells (DCs) in combination with NAC-AC to profit as cryptic vaccine immunogenicity of treated tumors. Objective To explore the safety and immunogenicity of autologous antigen-free DCs administered to breast cancer patients (BCPs) in combination with NAC-AC. Materials and Methods A phase I/II cohort clinical trial was performed with 20 BCPs treated with NAC-AC [nine who received DCs and 11 who did not (control group)]. The occurrence of adverse effects and the functional performance of lymphocytes from BCPs before and after four cycles of NAC-AC receiving DCs or not were assessed using flow cytometry and compared with that from healthy donors (HDs). Flow cytometry analysis using manual and automated algorithms led us to examine functional performance and frequency of different lymphocyte compartments in response to a stimulus in vitro. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03450044). Results No grade II or higher adverse effects were observed associated with the transfer of DCs to patients during NAC-AC. Interestingly, in response to the in vitro stimulation, deficient phosphorylation of Zap70 and AKT proteins observed before chemotherapy in most patients’ CD4 T cells significantly recovered after NAC-AC only in patients who received DCs. Conclusions The transfer of autologous DCs in combination with NAC-AC in BCPs is a safe procedure. That, in BCPs, the administration of DCs in combination with NAC-AC favors the recovery of the functional capacity of T cells suggests that this combination may potentiate the adjuvant effect of ICD induced by NAC-AC on T cells and, hence, potentiate the immunogenicity of tumors as cryptic vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Bernal-Estévez
- Immunology and Clinical Oncology Research Group, Fundación Salud de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mauren A Ortíz Barbosa
- Immunology and Clinical Oncology Research Group, Fundación Salud de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paola Ortíz-Montero
- Immunology and Clinical Oncology Research Group, Fundación Salud de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Claudia Cifuentes
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Mayor de Méderi, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ramiro Sánchez
- Immunology and Translational Medicine Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos A Parra-López
- Immunology and Translational Medicine Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Laser facilitated epicutaneous peptide immunization using dry patch technology. Vaccine 2021; 39:5259-5264. [PMID: 34364720 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The skin has been intensely investigated as a target tissue for immunization because it is populated by multiple types of antigen presenting cells. Directly addressing dendritic cells or Langerhans cells in vivo represents an attractive strategy for inducing T cell responses in cancer immunotherapy. We and others have studied fractional laser ablation as a novel method combining efficient delivery of macromolecules to the skin with an inherent adjuvant effect of laser illumination. In this proof of concept study, we demonstrate the feasibility of peptide delivery to the skin using the P.L.E.A.S.E. professional Erb:YAG fractional infrared laser together with EPIMMUN patches. In an ovalbumin mouse model we demonstrate that a dry patch formulation of SIINFEKL peptide in combination with CpG-ODN1826, but not imiquimod or polyI:C, induces potent cytotoxic T cell responses, which can be further boosted by co-delivery of the pan-helper T cell epitope PADRE.
Collapse
|
61
|
The Role of Dendritic Cells during Physiological and Pathological Dentinogenesis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153348. [PMID: 34362130 PMCID: PMC8348392 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp is a soft connective tissue of ectomesenchymal origin that harbors distinct cell populations, capable of interacting with each other to maintain the vitality of the tooth. After tooth injuries, a sequence of complex biological events takes place in the pulpal tissue to restore its homeostasis. The pulpal response begins with establishing an inflammatory reaction that leads to the formation of a matrix of reactionary or reparative dentin, according to the nature of the exogenous stimuli. Using several in vivo designs, antigen-presenting cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), are identified in the pulpal tissue before tertiary dentin deposition under the afflicted area. However, the precise nature of this phenomenon and its relationship to inherent pulp cells are not yet clarified. This literature review aims to discuss the role of pulpal DCs and their relationship to progenitor/stem cells, odontoblasts or odontoblast-like cells, and other immunocompetent cells during physiological and pathological dentinogenesis. The concept of “dentin-pulp immunology” is proposed for understanding the crosstalk among these cell types after tooth injuries, and the possibility of immune-based therapies is introduced to accelerate pulpal healing after exogenous stimuli.
Collapse
|
62
|
Kwee BJ, Sung KE. Engineering microenvironments for manufacturing therapeutic cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1845-1856. [PMID: 34250847 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211026922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a growing number of globally approved products and clinical trials utilizing autologous and allogeneic therapeutic cells for applications in regenerative medicine and immunotherapies. However, there is a need to develop rapid and cost-effective methods for manufacturing therapeutically effective cells. Furthermore, the resulting manufactured cells may exhibit heterogeneities that result in mixed therapeutic outcomes. Engineering approaches that can provide distinct microenvironmental cues to these cells may be able to enhance the growth and characterization of these cell products. This mini-review describes strategies to potentially enhance the expansion of therapeutic cells with biomaterials and bioreactors, as well as to characterize the cell products with microphysiological systems. These systems can provide distinct cues to maintain the quality attributes of the cells and evaluate their function in physiologically relevant conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Kwee
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - Kyung E Sung
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Feng H, Yang X, Zhang L, Liu Q, Feng Y, Wu D, Liu Y, Yang J. Mannose-Modified Chitosan Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) Microspheres Act as a Mannose Receptor-Mediated Delivery System Enhancing the Immune Response. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132208. [PMID: 34279352 PMCID: PMC8271610 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mannose receptor (MAN-R)-targeted delivery system is commonly used to deliver antigens to macrophages or immature dendritic cells (DCs) to promote the efficiency of antigen presentation. To maximize the enhancement effects of chitosan (CS) and induce an efficient humoral and cellular immune response against an antigen, we encapsulated ovalbumin (OVA) in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MPs) and conjugated it with MAN-modified CS to obtain MAN-R-targeting nano-MPs (MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs). The physicochemical properties, drug loading rate, and immunomodulation activity of MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs were evaluated. In vitro, MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs (80 μg mL−1) could enhance the proliferation of DCs and increase their phagocytic efficiency. In vivo, MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs significantly increased the ratio of CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ T cells, increased CD80+, CD86+, and MHC II expression in DCs, and improved OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibodies. Moreover, MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs promoted cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-6) production in mice. Taken together, our results show that MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs may act by activating the T cells to initiate an immune response by promoting the maturation of dendritic cells and improving their antigen presentation efficiency. The current study provides a basis for the use of MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs as an antigen and adjuvant delivery system targeting the MAN-R on the surface of macrophages and dendritic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-28-85522310
| | - Xiaonong Yang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linzi Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yangyang Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Daiyan Wu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunjie Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang 402460, China; (Y.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang 402460, China; (Y.L.); (J.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Teng CF, Wang T, Shih FY, Shyu WC, Jeng LB. Therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cell vaccine combined with programmed death 1 inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:1988-1996. [PMID: 33462840 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a serious cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Developing new therapeutic strategies is urgently needed to improve the outcomes of HCC patients. Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines and programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors have been regarded as potential immunotherapeutics for HCC. However, the therapeutic efficacy of combining these two treatments for HCC remains to be evaluated. METHODS In this study, DCs were derived from mouse bone marrow and pulsed with mouse HCC cell lysates to generate a DC vaccine. A monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction of mouse PD-1 with its ligands was used as a PD-1 inhibitor. An orthotopic HCC mouse model was established to assess the effect of a DC vaccine in combination with a PD-1 inhibitor on overall survival and tumor volume. RESULTS Compared with the untreated control, single treatment with a DC vaccine or PD-1 inhibitor prolonged the overall survival and reduced the tumor volume of HCC mice. Further, compared with the single treatment with the DC vaccine or the PD-1 inhibitor, a combination treatment using both agents elicited a higher cytotoxicity of T cells against HCC cells and resulted in a better overall survival, smaller tumor volume, and greater tumor cell apoptosis in HCC mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a combination treatment with DC vaccine and PD-1 inhibitor may be a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Fang Teng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting Wang
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ying Shih
- Ph.D. Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Jia G, Shao X, Zhao R, Zhang T, Zhou X, Yang Y, Li T, Chen Z, Liu Y. Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides enhance the immune efficacy of dendritic cell vaccine for breast cancer. Food Funct 2021; 12:4046-4059. [PMID: 33977945 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02522d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides (POL-P3b) is an immunoregulatory agent. However, few studies exist on POL-P3b as a novel immune adjuvant in combination with the DC vaccine for breast cancer treatment. In this work, a DC vaccine loaded with mouse 4T1 tumor cell antigen was prepared to evaluate the properties of POL-P3b in inducing the maturation and function of DC derived from mouse bone marrow, and then to investigate the effect of the DC vaccine combined with POL-P3b on breast cancer in vivo and in vitro. Morphological changes of DC were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Phenotypic and functional analyses of DC were detected by flow cytometry and allogeneic lymphocyte reaction. Cytokine levels in the DC culture supernatant were detected by ELISA. Western blotting analysis was used for the protein expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB. Apoptosis detection and protein expression of the tumor tissue were analyzed by TUNEL staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The security of POL-P3b was evaluated by the detection of hematological and blood biochemical indicators and pathological analysis for tissues. POL-P3b can induce DC activation and maturation, which is attributed to increasing the specific anti-tumor immune response, and the mechanism of action involved in the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Experimental results in vivo further suggested that the administration of POL-P3b-treated antigen-primed DC achieved remarkable tumor growth inhibition through inducing apoptosis and enhancing immune responses. Moreover, the POL-P3b-treated DC vaccine was able to inhibit lung metastases. The results proved the feasibility of POL-P3b as an edible adjuvant of the DC vaccine for anti-breast cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiyan Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, P. R. China.
| | - Xingyue Shao
- Department of gynaecology and obstetrics, Daqing Oilfield Hospital, Daqing 163311, P. R China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, No. 188 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province 154007, P. R. China
| | - Xiechen Zhou
- Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, P. R. China.
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, P. R. China.
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Terenziani R, Zoppi S, Fumarola C, Alfieri R, Bonelli M. Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2793. [PMID: 34199722 PMCID: PMC8200040 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive malignant disease affecting the mesothelium, commonly associated to asbestos exposure. The current therapeutic actions, based on cisplatin/pemetrexed treatment, are limited due to the late stage at which most patients are diagnosed and to the intrinsic chemo-resistance of the tumor. Another relevant point is the absence of approved therapies in the second line setting following progression of MPM after chemotherapy. Considering the poor prognosis of the disease and the fact that the incidence of this tumor is expected to increase in the next decade, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. In the last few years, several studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of unresectable advanced MPM, and a number of trials with immunotherapeutic agents are ongoing in both first line and second line settings. In this review, we describe the most promising emerging immunotherapy treatments for MPM (ICIs, engineered T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), dendritic cells (DCs) vaccines), focusing on the biological and immunological features of this tumor as well as on the issues surrounding clinical trial design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roberta Alfieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (R.T.); (S.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Mara Bonelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (R.T.); (S.Z.); (C.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Song HY, Sik Kim W, Moo Han J, Yong Park W, Lim ST, Byun EB. HMOC, a chrysin derivative, induces tolerogenic properties in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107523. [PMID: 33706053 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although we previously identified a new hydroxymethoxyl chrysin derivative (HMOC) using ionizing radiation, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of HMOC in dendritic cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the effects of HMOC on phenotypic and functional changes in activated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BMDCs, HMOC treatment inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-12p70, and IL-1β), surface molecules (CD80, CD86, MHC-I, and MHC-II), and antigen-presentation to MHC-I and II without a decrease in IL-10. Furthermore, HMOC increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) activity via activation of JNK and p38 signaling in the presence of LPS. Interestingly, LPS-stimulated DCs treated with HMOC inhibited the proliferation and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th1-, Th2- and Th17 cells. In addition, LPS-stimulated DCs treated with HMOC induced an increase in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Collectively, our results suggest that HMOC confers tolerogenic properties in BMDCs, which are responsible for inducing Th cell differentiation to Tregs. Our findings provide a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of HMOC in DCs and may contribute to development of a valuable therapeutic candidate for atopic dermatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Yeon Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sik Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Moo Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Yong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Taik Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Teng Z, Lin X, Luan C, Sun Y, Li X. The high expression of miR-564 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus promotes differentiation and maturation of DC cells by negatively regulating TP53 expression in vitro. Lupus 2021; 30:1469-1480. [PMID: 34044650 DOI: 10.1177/09612033211020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miRNA is involved in the occurrence and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the regulatory effect of miRNA on dendritic cells in SLE patients is still unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the differentially expressed miRNA and its target genes in SLE patients. In vitro experiments were conducted to explore the effects and mechanisms of differentially expressed miRNAs in SLE patients on the differentiation and maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-564 was up-regulated in SLE patients, and TP53 was the core target gene of miR-564. The expression level of miR-564 showed a rising trend during the differentiation and maturation of monocytes into Mo-DC cells. The differentiation, maturation and proliferation of Mo-DC cells were significantly inhibited by transfection with miR-564 antagomir. The expression of TP53 is negatively regulated by miR-564. In rescue experiments, the proliferation and migration of DC cells were significantly restored by co-transfection of miR-564 antagomir and TP53 si-RNA. CONCLUSION Highly expressed miR-564 promotes the maturation, proliferation of Mo-DC cells by negatively regulating the expression of TP53.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Teng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Lin
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Luan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Liu AR, Du WJ, Xie JF, Xu JY, Huang YZ, Qiu HB, Yang Y. Role of immunodeficiency in Acinetobacter baumannii associated pneumonia in mice. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 133:2161-2169. [PMID: 32842019 PMCID: PMC7508442 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has become one of the most important opportunistic pathogens inducing nosocomial pneumonia and increasing mortality in critically ill patients recently. The interaction between A. baumannii infection and immune response can influence the prognosis of A. baumannii related pneumonia. The target of the present study was to investigate the role of immunodeficiency in A. baumannii induced pneumonia. Methods Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the normal immunity control (NIC) group, normal immunity infection (NIA) group, immune compromised control (CIC) group, and immune compromised infection (CIA) group (n = 15 for each group). Intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide and intranasal instillation of A. baumannii solution were used to induce compromised immunity and murine pneumonia, respectively. The mice were sacrificed at 6 and 24 h later and the specimens were collected for further tests. Seven-day mortality of mice was also assessed. Results After A. baumannii stimulation, the recruitment of neutrophils in mice with normal immunity increased sharply (P = 0.030 at 6 h), while there was no significant raise of neutrophil counts in mice with compromised immune condition (P = 0.092 at 6 h, P = 0.772 at 24 h). The Th cell polarization presented with pulmonary interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ level in response to the A. baumannii in CIA group were significantly depressed in comparison with in NIA group (IFN-γ: P = 0.003 at 6 h; P = 0.001 at 24 h; IL-4: P < 0.001 at 6 h; P < 0.001 at 24 h). The pulmonary conventional dendritic cell accumulation was even found to be inhibited after A. baumannii infection in immunocompromised mice (P = 0.033). Correspondingly, A. baumannii associated pneumonia in mice with compromised immunity caused more early stage death, more severe histopathological impairment in lung. Conclusion A. baumannii could frustrate the immune response in immunocompromised conditions, and this reduced immune response is related to more severe lung injury and worse outcome in A. baumannii induced pneumonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ran Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhong-Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Wen-Jing Du
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China
| | - Jian-Feng Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhong-Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhong-Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ying-Zi Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhong-Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Hai-Bo Qiu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhong-Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhong-Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Rahimi K, Hassanzadeh K, Khanbabaei H, Haftcheshmeh SM, Ahmadi A, Izadpanah E, Mohammadi A, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: A Dietary Phytochemical for Targeting the Phenotype and Function of Dendritic Cells. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1549-1564. [PMID: 32410550 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200515101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most powerful antigen-presenting cells which link the innate and adaptive immune responses. Depending on the context, DCs initiate the immune responses or contribute to immune tolerance. Any disturbance in their phenotypes and functions may initiate inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Hence, dysregulated DCs are the most attractive pharmacological target for the development of new therapies aiming at reducing their immunogenicity and at enhancing their tolerogenicity. Curcumin is the polyphenolic phytochemical component of the spice turmeric with a wide range of pharmacological activities. It acts in several ways as a modulator of DCs and converts them into tolerogenic DCs. Tolerogenic DCs possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities that regulate the immune responses in health and disease. Curcumin by blocking maturation markers, cytokines and chemokines expression, and disrupting the antigen-presenting machinery of DCs render them non- or hypo-responsive to immunostimulants. It also reduces the expression of co-stimulatory and adhesion molecules on DCs and prevents them from both migration and antigen presentation but enhances their endocytosis capacity. Hence, curcumin causes DCs-inducing regulatory T cells and dampens CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 polarization. Inhibition of transcription factors such as NF-κB, AP-1, MAPKs (p38, JNK, ERK) and other intracellular signaling molecules such as JAK/STAT/SOCS provide a plausible explanation for most of these observations. In this review, we summarize the potential effects of curcumin on the phenotypes and functions of DCs as the key players in orchestration, stimulation, and modulation of the immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Rahimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kambiz Hassanzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Hashem Khanbabaei
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeed M Haftcheshmeh
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91766-99199, Iran
| | - Abbas Ahmadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Esmael Izadpanah
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
71
|
Ortiz-Aguirre JP, Velandia-Vargas EA, Rodríguez-Bohorquez OM, Amaya-Ramírez D, Bernal-Estévez D, Parra-López CA. Inmunoterapia personalizada contra el cáncer basada en neoantígenos. Revisión de la literatura. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2021. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v69n3.81633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción. Los avances que se han hecho en inmunoterapia contra el cáncer y la respuesta clínica de los pacientes que han recibido este tipo de terapia la han convertido en el cuarto pilar para el tratamiento del cáncer.
Objetivo. Describir brevemente el fundamento biológico de la inmunoterapia personalizada contra el cáncer basada en neoantígenos, las perspectivas actuales de su desarrollo y algunos resultados clínicos de esta terapia.
Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en PubMed, Scopus y EBSCO utilizando la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: tipo de artículos: estudios experimentales originales, ensayos clínicos y revisiones narrativas y sistemáticas sobre métodos de identificación de mutaciones generadas en los tumores y estrategias de inmunoterapia del cáncer con vacunas basadas en neoantígenos; población de estudio: humanos y modelos animales; periodo de publicación: enero 1989- diciembre 2019; idioma: inglés y español; términos de búsqueda: “Immunotherapy”, “Neoplasms”, “Mutation” y “Cancer Vaccines”.
Resultados. La búsqueda inicial arrojó 1344 registros; luego de remover duplicados (n=176), 780 fueron excluidos luego de leer su resumen y título, y se evaluó el texto completo de 338 para verificar cuáles cumplían con los criterios de inclusión, seleccionándose finalmente 73 estudios para análisis completo. Todos los artículos recuperados se publicaron en inglés, y fueron realizados principalmente en EE. UU. (43.83%) y Alemania (23.65%). En el caso de los estudios originales (n=43), 20 se realizaron únicamente en humanos, 9 solo en animales, 2 en ambos modelos, y 12 usaron metodología in silico.
Conclusión. La inmunoterapia personalizada contra el cáncer con vacunas basadas en neoantígenos tumorales se está convirtiendo de forma contundente en una nueva alternativa para tratar el cáncer. Sin embargo, para lograr su implementación adecuada, es necesario usarla en combinación con tratamientos convencionales, generar más conocimiento que contribuya a aclarar la inmunobiología del cáncer, y reducir los costos asociados con su producción.
Collapse
|
72
|
Zhang Y, Zhou J, Wei Z, Dong H, Yang D, Deng Y, Li J, Shi S, Sun Y, Lu H, Yuan J, Ni B, Wu Y, Tian Y, Han C. TTP-mediated regulation of mRNA stability in immune cells contributes to adaptive immunity, immune tolerance and clinical applications. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2150-2156. [PMID: 33866923 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1917185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) form a sentinel network to induce protective immunity against pathogens or self-tolerance. mRNA stability is an important part of the post-transcriptional regulation (PTR) that controls the maturation and function of DCs. In this review, we summarize the effects of TTP-mediated regulation of mRNA stability in DCs, focusing on DC maturation and antigen presentation, T cell activation and differentiation, immune tolerance and inflammation. We also discuss the potential DC-based immune treatment for HIV+ patients through regulation of mRNA stability. This review proposes the regulation of mRNA stability as a novel immune therapy for various inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis and dermatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Di Yang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuanyu Deng
- School of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiahui Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Saiyu Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Huimin Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jizhao Yuan
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi Tian
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China.,School of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Chao Han
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Engineering a sustained release vaccine with a pathogen-mimicking manner for robust and durable immune responses. J Control Release 2021; 333:162-175. [PMID: 33794269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sustained release vaccine carriers can facilitate an increased interaction time between the antigen and immune system to strengthen immune responses, but their promotion on adaptive immune responses, especially cellular immunity, are still unfavorable. Herein, we report a sustained antigen delivery vector, which carries abundant antigens, a nucleic acid adjuvant and pathogen-associated molecular patterns to simulate a natural pathogen to reinforce immune responses. Specifically, murine colorectal cancer cells MC38 lysate and Toll-like receptor 9 agonist CpG are loaded into yeast derived β-glucan particles (GPs). After vaccination, these particles can form a vaccine depot that continuously release the antigen similar to the traditional aluminum hydroxide gel, but recruit more immune cells and induce more cytokine secretion at the injection site. Stronger antibody responses, Th1 and Th17 biased cellular immunity and immune memory are achieved compared with aluminum hydroxide gel. More importantly, treatment with these particles significantly suppress tumor growth in a therapeutic tumor model. This work shed light on the efficacy of combining sustained antigen release with pathogen-mimicking manner in vaccine design.
Collapse
|
74
|
Peng X, He Y, Huang J, Tao Y, Liu S. Metabolism of Dendritic Cells in Tumor Microenvironment: For Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613492. [PMID: 33732237 PMCID: PMC7959811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a type of an antigen-presenting cell which undertake a job on capturing antigens coming from pathogens or tumors and presenting to T cells for immune response. The metabolism of DCs controls its development, polarization, and maturation processes and provides energy support for its functions. However, the immune activity of DCs in tumor microenvironment (TME) is inhibited generally. Abnormal metabolism of tumor cells causes metabolic changes in TME, such as hyperglycolysis, lactate and lipid accumulation, acidification, tryptophan deprivation, which limit the function of DCs and lead to the occurrence of tumor immune escape. Combined metabolic regulation with immunotherapy can strengthen the ability of antigen-presentation and T cell activation of DCs, improve the existing anti-tumor therapy, and overcome the defects of DC-related therapies in the current stage, which has great potential in oncology therapy. Therefore, we reviewed the glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism of DCs, as well as the metabolic changes after being affected by TME. Together with the potential metabolic targets of DCs, possible anti-tumor therapeutic pathways were summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Youe He
- Department of Translational Medicine, Cancer Biological Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Calmeiro J, Mendes L, Duarte IF, Leitão C, Tavares AR, Ferreira DA, Gomes C, Serra J, Falcão A, Cruz MT, Carrascal MA, Neves BM. In-Depth Analysis of the Impact of Different Serum-Free Media on the Production of Clinical Grade Dendritic Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 11:593363. [PMID: 33613517 PMCID: PMC7893095 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.593363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based antitumor vaccines have proven to be a safe approach, but often fail to generate robust results between trials. Translation to the clinic has been hindered in part by the lack of standard operation procedures for vaccines production, namely the definition of optimal culture conditions during ex-vivo DC differentiation. Here we sought to compare the ability of three clinical grade serum-free media, DendriMACS, AIM-V, and X-VIVO 15, alongside with fetal bovine serum-supplemented Roswell Park Memorial Institute Medium (RPMI), to support the differentiation of monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs). Under these different culture conditions, phenotype, cell metabolomic profiles, response to maturation stimuli, cytokines production, allogenic T cell stimulatory capacity, as well as priming of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and activation of autologous natural killer (NK) cells were analyzed. Immature Mo-DCs differentiated in AIM-V or X-VIVO 15 presented lower levels of CD1c, CD1a, and higher expression of CD11c, when compared to cells obtained with DendriMACS. Upon stimulation, only AIM-V or X-VIVO 15 DCs acquired a full mature phenotype, which supports their enhanced capacity to polarize T helper cell type 1 subset, to prime antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and to activate NK cells. CD8+ T cells and NK cells resulting from co-culture with AIM-V or X-VIVO 15 DCs also showed superior cytolytic activity. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic analysis revealed that superior DC immunostimulatory capacities correlate with an enhanced catabolism of amino acids and glucose. Overall, our data highlight the impact of critically defining the culture medium used in the production of DCs for clinical application in cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, the manipulation of metabolic state during differentiation could be envisaged as a strategy to enhance desired cell characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Calmeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Mendes
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Iola F Duarte
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Catarina Leitão
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adriana R Tavares
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniel Alexandre Ferreira
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia Gomes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Amílcar Falcão
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Bruno Miguel Neves
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Ackermann M, Dragon AC, Lachmann N. The Immune-Modulatory Properties of iPSC-Derived Antigen-Presenting Cells. Transfus Med Hemother 2021; 47:444-453. [PMID: 33442339 DOI: 10.1159/000512721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, are important regulators of the immune system, as they connect the innate and adaptive immunity by critically regulating T-cell responses. Thus, APCs are involved in both tissue homeostasis and tolerance, but also coordinate immune responses in case of infection and inflammation. Primary APCs are commonly generated from peripheral blood-derived monocytes and have been used as cell therapeutics in several (pre-)clinical settings, e.g., immune oncology, however, with varying efficiency. One promising alternative to study antigen presentation in vitro and to develop novel cell-based therapies are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). IPSCs can nowadays be generated from a variety of different cell types using several refined reprogramming techniques. Given their unlimited proliferation and differentiation potential, they hold great promise for regenerative medicine, and recently, first iPSC derivatives have found their way into first clinical studies for cell-based therapies. In this review article, we will give a brief overview of current methods for the generation and applications of primary APCs, but also specifically focus on different strategies for the generation of defined subsets of DCs and macrophages from human PSCs. Moreover, we will highlight the potential but also hurdles for the clinical translation of iPSC-derived APCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mania Ackermann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, RG Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Christina Dragon
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, RG Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Shi Y, Tomczak K, Li J, Ochieng JK, Lee Y, Haymaker C. Next-Generation Immunotherapies to Improve Anticancer Immunity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:566401. [PMID: 33505304 PMCID: PMC7831045 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.566401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitors are widely used immunotherapies for advanced cancer. Nonetheless, checkpoint inhibitors have a relatively low response rate, work in a limited range of cancers, and have some unignorable side effects. Checkpoint inhibitors aim to reinvigorate exhausted or suppressed T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the TME contains various other immune cell subsets that interact to determine the fate of cytotoxic T cells. Activation of cytotoxic T cells is initiated by antigen cross-presentation of dendritic cells. Dendritic cells could also release chemokines and cytokines to recruit and foster T cells. B cells, another type of antigen-presenting cell, also foster T cells and can produce tumor-specific antibodies. Neutrophils, a granulocyte cell subset in the TME, impede the proliferation and activation of T cells. The TME also consists of cytotoxic innate natural killer cells, which kill tumor cells efficiently. Natural killer cells can eradicate major histocompatibility complex I-negative tumor cells, which escape cytotoxic T cell–mediated destruction. A thorough understanding of the immune mechanism of the TME, as reviewed here, will lead to further development of more powerful therapeutic strategies. We have also reviewed the clinical outcomes of patients treated with drugs targeting these immune cells to identify strategies for improvement and possible immunotherapy combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Shi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katarzyna Tomczak
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - June Li
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joshua K Ochieng
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Younghee Lee
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cara Haymaker
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Lai X, Dreyer FS, Cantone M, Eberhardt M, Gerer KF, Jaitly T, Uebe S, Lischer C, Ekici A, Wittmann J, Jäck HM, Schaft N, Dörrie J, Vera J. Network- and systems-based re-engineering of dendritic cells with non-coding RNAs for cancer immunotherapy. Theranostics 2021; 11:1412-1428. [PMID: 33391542 PMCID: PMC7738891 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that induce and regulate adaptive immunity by presenting antigens to T cells. Due to their coordinative role in adaptive immune responses, DCs have been used as cell-based therapeutic vaccination against cancer. The capacity of DCs to induce a therapeutic immune response can be enhanced by re-wiring of cellular signalling pathways with microRNAs (miRNAs). Methods: Since the activation and maturation of DCs is controlled by an interconnected signalling network, we deploy an approach that combines RNA sequencing data and systems biology methods to delineate miRNA-based strategies that enhance DC-elicited immune responses. Results: Through RNA sequencing of IKKβ-matured DCs that are currently being tested in a clinical trial on therapeutic anti-cancer vaccination, we identified 44 differentially expressed miRNAs. According to a network analysis, most of these miRNAs regulate targets that are linked to immune pathways, such as cytokine and interleukin signalling. We employed a network topology-oriented scoring model to rank the miRNAs, analysed their impact on immunogenic potency of DCs, and identified dozens of promising miRNA candidates, with miR-15a and miR-16 as the top ones. The results of our analysis are presented in a database that constitutes a tool to identify DC-relevant miRNA-gene interactions with therapeutic potential (https://www.synmirapy.net/dc-optimization). Conclusions: Our approach enables the systematic analysis and identification of functional miRNA-gene interactions that can be experimentally tested for improving DC immunogenic potency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lai
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian S. Dreyer
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martina Cantone
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Eberhardt
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin F. Gerer
- RNA Group, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanushree Jaitly
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steffen Uebe
- Department of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher Lischer
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif Ekici
- Department of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wittmann
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Niels Schaft
- RNA Group, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Dörrie
- RNA Group, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julio Vera
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Chang M, Hou Z, Wang M, Li C, Lin J. Recent Advances in Hyperthermia Therapy-Based Synergistic Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004788. [PMID: 33289219 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed hyperthermia therapy (HTT) as an emerging strategy against malignant tumors. Nanomaterial-based photothermal therapy (PTT) and magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), as highly effective and noninvasive treatment models, offer advantages over other strategies in the treatment of different types of tumors. However, both PTT and MHT cannot completely cure cancer due to recurrence and distal metastasis. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has attracted widespread attention owing to its capability to activate the body's own natural defense to identify, attack, and eradicate cancer cells. Significant efforts have been devoted to studying the activated immune responses caused by hyperthermia-ablated tumors. In this article, the synergistic mechanism of HTT in immunotherapy, including immunogenic cell death and reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is discussed. The reports of the combination of HTT or HTT-based multimodal therapy with immunotherapy, including immunoadjuvant exploitation, immune checkpoint blockade therapy, and adoptive cellular immunotherapy are summarized. As highlighted, these strategies could achieve synergistically enhanced therapeutic outcomes against both primary tumors and metastatic lesions, prevent cancer recurrence, and prolong the survival period. Finally, current challenges and prospective developments in HTT-synergized immunotherapy are also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, 511436, P. R. China
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, P. R. China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Yang M, Li J, Gu P, Fan X. The application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy: Targeting tumor microenvironment. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:1973-1987. [PMID: 33426371 PMCID: PMC7773537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor development and metastasis are closely related to the structure and function of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, TME modulation strategies have attracted much attention in cancer immunotherapy. Despite the preliminary success of immunotherapeutic agents, their therapeutic effects have been restricted by the limited retention time of drugs in TME. Compared with traditional delivery systems, nanoparticles with unique physical properties and elaborate design can efficiently penetrate TME and specifically deliver to the major components in TME. In this review, we briefly introduce the substitutes of TME including dendritic cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, tumor vasculature, tumor-draining lymph nodes and hypoxic state, then review various nanoparticles targeting these components and their applications in tumor therapy. In addition, nanoparticles could be combined with other therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy, however, the nanoplatform delivery system may not be effective in all types of tumors due to the heterogeneity of different tumors and individuals. The changes of TME at various stages during tumor development are required to be further elucidated so that more individualized nanoplatforms could be designed.
Collapse
Key Words
- AC-NPs, antigen-capturing nanoparticles
- ANG2, angiopoietin-2
- APCs, antigen-presenting cells
- Ab, antibodies
- Ag, antigen
- AuNCs, gold nanocages
- AuNPs, gold nanoparticles
- BBB, blood-brain barrier
- BTK, Bruton's tyrosine kinase
- Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2
- CAFs, cancer associated fibroblasts
- CAP, cleavable amphiphilic peptide
- CAR-T, Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy
- CCL, chemoattractant chemokines ligand
- CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes
- CTLA4, cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen 4
- CaCO3, calcium carbonate
- Cancer immunotherapy
- DCs, dendritic cells
- DMMA, 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydrid
- DMXAA, 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid
- DSF/Cu, disulfiram/copper
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- EPG, egg phosphatidylglycerol
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention
- FAP, fibroblast activation protein
- FDA, the Food and Drug Administration
- HA, hyaluronic acid
- HB-GFs, heparin-binding growth factors
- HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor
- HPMA, N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide
- HSA, human serum albumin
- Hypoxia
- IBR, Ibrutinib
- IFN-γ, interferon-γ
- IFP, interstitial fluid pressure
- IL, interleukin
- LMWH, low molecular weight heparin
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- M2NP, M2-like TAM dual-targeting nanoparticle
- MCMC, mannosylated carboxymethyl chitosan
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- MPs, microparticles
- MnO2, manganese dioxide
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κB
- NK, nature killer
- NO, nitric oxide
- NPs, nanoparticles
- Nanoparticles
- ODN, oligodeoxynucleotides
- PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1
- PDT, photodynamic therapy
- PFC, perfluorocarbon
- PHDs, prolyl hydroxylases
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PS, photosensitizer
- PSCs, pancreatic stellate cells
- PTX, paclitaxel
- RBC, red-blood-cell
- RLX, relaxin-2
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SA, sialic acid
- SPARC, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine
- TAAs, tumor-associated antigens
- TAMs, tumor-associated macrophages
- TDPA, tumor-derived protein antigens
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TIE2, tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domain 2
- TIM-3, T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- TfR, transferrin receptor
- Tregs, regulatory T cells
- Tumor microenvironment
- UPS-NP, ultra-pH-sensitive nanoparticle
- VDA, vasculature disrupting agent
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- cDCs, conventional dendritic cells
- melittin-NP, melittin-lipid nanoparticle
- nMOFs, nanoscale metal-organic frameworks
- scFv, single-chain variable fragment
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- tdLNs, tumor-draining lymph nodes
- α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin
Collapse
|
81
|
Zhai Y, Lu Q, Lou T, Cao G, Wang S, Zhang Z. MUC16 affects the biological functions of ovarian cancer cells and induces an antitumor immune response by activating dendritic cells. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1494. [PMID: 33313239 PMCID: PMC7729312 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the 5th most common lethal gynecological malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of about 47% and a localized stage diagnosis of 15%, leading to about 125,000 global deaths each year. Therefore, it is urgent to explore novel and effective strategies for radical cure. Methods Short hairpin RNA targeting the Mucin16 (MUC16) gene was used to establish MUC16 knockdown in ovarian cancer cells. RT-PCR was performed to quantify the expression of MUC16 mRNA, and western blotting was performed to detect the expression of MUC16 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) wound healing and transwell assays were performed to assess cell proliferation and cell invasion. Flow cytometry was used to detect CD80-, CD83-, and CD86-expressing dendritic cells (DCs) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) activated by MUC16-pulsed DCs. Results In this study, we identified MUC16 as a novel target antigen for immunotherapy against ovarian cancer, which was significantly up regulated in ovarian cancer cells and high-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma tissues. MUC16 knockdown in Ovcar3 cells using short hairpin RNA targeting the MUC16 gene suppressed the proliferation of migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in Ovcar3 cells markedly. MUC16 significantly up-regulated CD80, CD83, and CD86 (mature makers) expression in DCs and T-cell transformation into CD8+ T-cells detected by Flow cytometry. Conclusions For malignant ovarian cancer, MUC16 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. MUC16 pulsing mediated DC maturation and activated CTL response in vitro. Our study offers promising DC-based immunotherapy of considerable clinical value for patients with ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Lou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangming Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzhen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Zhu J, Wang L, Zhou Y, Hao J, Wang S, Liu L, Li J. Comprehensive analysis of the relationship between competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks and tumor infiltrating-cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 11:1381-1398. [PMID: 33457008 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The innovation of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) represents a promising shift in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, response to ICB has varied largely due to the high tumor heterogeneity and complex tumor microenvironment (TME). The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network also plays an important role in tumor occurrence and progression, but its relation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) remains largely unexplored in HCC. The overriding objective of our study was thus to construct a prognosis-related risk model and to further evaluate the relationship between ceRNA networks and TICs. Methods Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed RNAs. Lasso and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to construct risk models, which were assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC of ROC) and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves. Then, a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm was adopted to dissect the TICs in HCC samples. Nomograms were constructed and calibration curves were used to verify the discrimination and accuracy of the nomograms. Finally, integration analysis was performed to validate the correlation of ceRNA and TICs. Results In the study, 7 differentially expressed RNAs [5 messenger RNA s (mRNAs) and 2 micro RNAs (miRNAs)] were incorporated to construct a ceRNA risk model. The AUC of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) were 0.784, 0.685, and 0.691 respectively. Likewise, 7 types TICs were in the TICs signature model and the AUC of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS were 0.706, 0.731, and 0.721 respectively. The integration analysis showed that 7 pairs of mRNA-TICs and 1 pair of miRNA-TICs had a close relation (all correlation coefficients >0.2, P<0.001). Conclusions Through constructing two risk models based on ceRNA network and TICs, we identified the hub RNAs and key TICs in the progression and prognosis of HCC, and further explored the relationship between ceRNA and TME. Importantly, targeting these hub RNAs may facilitate the remodeling of the TME and be a potential therapeutic alternative to enhancing the response to ICB, thus improving the prognosis of HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Hao
- Department of Experiment Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Mediratta K, El-Sahli S, D’Costa V, Wang L. Current Progresses and Challenges of Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3529. [PMID: 33256070 PMCID: PMC7761500 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With improved understanding of the immunogenicity of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), immunotherapy has emerged as a promising candidate to treat this lethal disease owing to the lack of specific targets and effective treatments. While immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has been effectively used in immunotherapy for several types of solid tumor, monotherapies targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1), its ligand PD-L1, or cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) have shown little efficacy for TNBC patients. Over the past few years, various therapeutic candidates have been reviewed, attempting to improve ICI efficacy on TNBC through combinatorial treatment. In this review, we describe the clinical limitations of ICI and illustrate candidates from an immunological, pharmacological, and metabolic perspective that may potentiate therapy to improve the outcomes of TNBC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karan Mediratta
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (K.M.); (S.E.-S.)
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sara El-Sahli
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (K.M.); (S.E.-S.)
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Vanessa D’Costa
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (K.M.); (S.E.-S.)
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (K.M.); (S.E.-S.)
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Zhang E, He J, Zhang H, Shan L, Wu H, Zhang M, Song Y. Immune-Related Gene-Based Novel Subtypes to Establish a Model Predicting the Risk of Prostate Cancer. Front Genet 2020; 11:595657. [PMID: 33281882 PMCID: PMC7691641 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.595657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is significant heterogeneity in prostate cancer (PCa), but immune status can reflect its prognosis. This study aimed to explore immune-related gene-based novel subtypes and to use them to create a model predicting the risk of PCa. METHODS We downloaded the data of 487 PCa patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We used immunologically relevant genes as input for consensus clustering and applied survival analysis and principal component analysis to determine the properties of the subtypes. We also explored differences of somatic variations, copy number variations, TMPRSS2-ERG fusion, and androgen receptor (AR) scores among the subtypes. Then, we examined the infiltration of different immune cells into the tumor microenvironment in each subtype. We next performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to illustrate the characteristics of the subtypes. Finally, based on the subtypes, we constructed a risk predictive model and verified it in TCGA, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), cBioPortal, and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. RESULTS Four PCa subtypes (C1, C2, C3, and C4) were identified on immune status. Patients with the C3 subtype had the worst prognosis, while the other three groups did not differ significantly from each other in terms of their prognosis. Principal component analysis clearly distinguished high-risk (C3) and low-risk (C1 + 2 + 4) patients. Compared with the case in the low-risk subtype, the Speckle-type POZ Protein (SPOP) had a higher mutation frequency and lower transcriptional level in the high-risk subtype. In C3, there was also a higher frequency of copy number alterations (CNA) of Clusterin (CLU) and lower CLU expression. In addition, C3 had a higher frequency of TMPRSS2-ERG fusion and higher AR scores. M2 macrophages also showed significantly higher infiltration in the high-risk subtype, while CD8+ T cells and dendritic cells had significantly higher infiltration in the low-risk subtype. GSEA revealed that MYC, androgen, and KRAS were relatively activated and p53 was relatively suppressed in high-risk subtype, compared with the levels in the low-risk subtype. Finally, we trained a six-gene signature risk predictive model, which performed well in TCGA, GEO, cBioPortal, and ICGC databases. CONCLUSION PCa can be divided into four subtypes based on immune-related genes, among which the C3 subtype is associated with a poor prognosis. Based on these subtypes, a risk predictive model was developed, which could indicate patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enchong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jieqian He
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liping Shan
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongliang Wu
- Department of Spine and Joint Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongsheng Song
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Proliferation index and pseudoprogression as predictors of the therapeutic efficacy of suicide gene therapy for canine melanoma. Melanoma Res 2020; 30:126-135. [PMID: 32142496 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In our veterinary clinical trials, the combination of systemic immunotherapy with local herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir suicide gene (SG) treatment induced tumor pseudoprogression as part of a strong local antitumor response. This phenomenon could be owing to tumor inflammation, increased vascular permeability and to different tumor growth rates before, during and after SG therapy. The proliferation index (PI: the fraction of viable cells in S, G2/M, and hyperdiploid phases) would reflect the in-vivo and in-vitro proportion of proliferating melanoma cells in the absence of treatment (PIB) or in response to SG (PISG). The extent of in-vivo and in-vitro melanoma cells responses to SG exhibited a reverse correlation with PIB and a direct correlation with PISG. Then, the final SG outcome depended on the balance between PIB-dependent 'regrowth resistance' versus 'regrowth sensitivity' to SG treatment. In all the cell lines derived from canine tumors presenting partial responses to SG treatment, PISG prevailed over PIB. Conversely, as more aggressive was the tumor (greater PIB of the cell line), the more the balance displacement towards 'regrowth resistance' over SG 'regrowth sensitivity'. All these parameters could have a prognostic value for SG treatment response and provide a glimpse at the clinical benefit of this therapy.
Collapse
|
86
|
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been a considerable progress in the development of cell therapy products for the treatment of liver diseases. The quest to generate well-defined homogenous cell populations with defined mechanism(s) of action has enabled the progression from use of autologous bone marrow stem cells comprising of heterogeneous cell populations to allogeneic cell types such as monocyte-derived macrophages, regulatory T cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, macrophages, etc. There is growing evidence regarding the multiple molecular mechanisms pivotal to various therapeutic effects and hence, careful selection of cell therapy product for the desired putative effects is crucial. In this review, we have presented an overview of the cell therapies that have been developed thus far, with preclinical and clinical evidence for their use in liver disease. Limitations associated with these therapies have also been discussed. Despite the advances made, there remain multiple challenges to overcome before cell therapies can be considered as viable treatment options, and these include larger scale clinical trials, scalable production of cells according to good manufacturing practice standards, pathways for delivery of cell therapy within hospital environments, and costs associated with the production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheeba Khan
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Reenam S Khan
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Philip N Newsome
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
He X, Du Y, Wang Z, Wang X, Duan J, Wan R, Xu J, Zhang P, Wang D, Tian Y, Han J, Fei K, Bai H, Tian J, Wang J. Upfront dose-reduced chemotherapy synergizes with immunotherapy to optimize chemoimmunotherapy in squamous cell lung carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:jitc-2020-000807. [PMID: 33115941 PMCID: PMC7594539 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The survival benefits of combining chemotherapy (at the maximum tolerated dose, MTD) with concurrent immunotherapy, collectively referred to as chemoimmunotherapy, for the treatment of squamous cell lung carcinoma (SQCLC) have been confirmed in recent clinical trials. Nevertheless, optimization of chemoimmunotherapy in order to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in SQCLC remains to be explored. Methods Cell lines, syngeneic immunocompetent mouse models, and patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used in order to comprehensively explore how to enhance ectopic lymphoid-like structures (ELSs) and upregulate the therapeutic targets of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1)/anti-PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), thus rendering SQCLC more sensitive to ICIs. In addition, molecular mechanisms underlying optimization were characterized. Results Low-dose chemotherapy contributed to an enhanced antigen exposure via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. Improved antigen uptake and presentation by activated dendritic cells (DCs) was observed, thus invoking specific T cell responses leading to systemic immune responses and immunological memory. In turn, enhanced antitumor ELSs and PD-1/PD-L1 expression was observed in vivo. Moreover, upfront metronomic (low-dose and frequent administration) chemotherapy extended the time window of the immunostimulatory effect and effectively synergized with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mAbs. A possible mechanism underlying this synergy is the increase of activated type I macrophages, DCs, and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, as well as the maintenance of intestinal gut microbiota diversity and composition. In contrast, when combining routine MTD chemotherapy with ICIs, the effects appeared to be additive rather than synergistic. Conclusions We first attempted to optimize chemoimmunotherapy for SQCLC by investigating different combinatorial modes. Compared with the MTD chemotherapy used in current clinical practice, upfront metronomic chemotherapy performed better with subsequent anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mAb treatment. This combination approach is worth investigating in other types of tumors, followed by translation into the clinic in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiran He
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Tian
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiefei Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kailun Fei
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Xu Y, Ma S, Si X, Zhao J, Yu H, Ma L, Song W, Tang Z. Polyethyleneimine-CpG Nanocomplex as an In Situ Vaccine for Boosting Anticancer Immunity in Melanoma. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000207. [PMID: 33107202 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is redefining the field of cancer therapy. However, current cancer immunotherapies are limited by insufficient immune activation, which results in low response rate. Herein, polyethyleneimine-CpG nanocomplex (CpG@PEI) is reported as an in situ vaccine for boosting anticancer immunity in melanoma. CpG, a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 agonist, can activate antigen-presenting cells and increase the expression of costimulatory molecules, while PEI can help to enhance the stability and cellular internalization of CpG. It is proved that PEI loading can significantly enhance the cellular internalization and immune stimulation ability of CpG, and the CpG@PEI nanocomplex can effectively inhibit murine B16F10 melanoma growth after intratumoral injection. Further analysis reveals that this CpG@PEI nanocomplex therapy elicits both innate and adaptive immunity, with much increased natural killer (NK) cells and T cells infiltration in the tumor, as well as CD80 expression on the dendritic cells (DCs). This study will inspire more attempts in directly using single nanoparticle-loaded pattern recognition receptor (PRR) agonists for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Sheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xinghui Si
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Lili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, 130022, China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Khotimchenko M, Tiasto V, Kalitnik A, Begun M, Khotimchenko R, Leonteva E, Bryukhovetskiy I, Khotimchenko Y. Antitumor potential of carrageenans from marine red algae. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
90
|
Dendritic Cells and Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Fully Responsive to Stimulation via Toll-Like Receptor 4 Are Rapidly Induced from Bone-Marrow Cells by Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030522. [PMID: 32932705 PMCID: PMC7564202 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are commonly generated from bone marrow (BM) progenitor cells with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) alone or in combination with interleukin 4 (IL-4). These cells are often harvested post day 5, when they acquire maturation markers and can stimulate T cells. Apart from DCs, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are also found within these cultures. However, little is known about the functional characteristics of DCs and MDSCs before day 5. Herein, using a murine model, it is shown that early DCs and MDSCs, even in cultures with GM-CSF alone, upregulate fully maturation and activation surface molecules in response to the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Despite initially displaying lower marker expression levels, these cells efficiently induced T cell stimulation and cytokine production. Interestingly, Gr-1int MDSCs increased their T cell co-stimulatory activity upon TLR4 stimulation. Additionally, early DCs and MDSCs exhibited differential endocytic capacity for viral sized nanoparticles and bacterial sized microparticles. DCs internalized both particle sizes, whilst MDSCs only internalized the larger microparticles, with reduced endocytic activity over time in the culture. These findings have unveiled an important role for the rapid initiation of productive immunity by GM-CSF, with promising implications for future vaccine and DC immunotherapy developments.
Collapse
|
91
|
Zhou Z, Zhao J, Hu K, Hou X, Sun X, Pan X, Wang X, Li N, Yang Z, Zhang F, Zhou Q, Zhan L. Single High-Dose Radiation Enhances Dendritic Cell Homing and T Cell Priming by Promoting Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Cytoskeletal Reorganization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 109:95-108. [PMID: 32763455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy (RT) affects tumor-infiltrating immune cells, cooperatively driving tumor growth inhibition. However, there is still no absolute consensus on whether the homing ability of dendritic cells (DCs) is affected by direct x-ray irradiation. Most importantly, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. METHODS AND MATERIALS Using noninvasive imaging, we systematically examined the dose effect of RT on the in vivo homing and distribution of bone marrow-derived DCs and elucidated the detailed mechanisms underlying these events. After exposure to 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy, DCs were analyzed for maturation, in vivo homing ability, and T cell priming. RESULTS At ranges of 2 to 20 Gy, irradiation did not cause direct cellular apoptosis or necrosis, but it induced mitochondrial damage in DCs independent of dose. In addition, upregulation of CD40, CD80, CD86, CXCR4, and CCR7 were detected on irradiated DCs. Secretion of IL-1β and IL-12p70 remained unchanged, whereas decreased secretion of IL-6 and promotion of tumor necrosis factor α secretion were observed. In particular, the homing ability of both the local residual and blood circulating DCs to lymphoid tissues was significantly higher in groups that received ≥5 Gy radiation than in the group that received 2 Gy. Furthermore, improved homing ability was associated with rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, which was regulated by reactive oxygen species accumulation through the RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway. Finally, more robust T cell activation was observed in mice inoculated with 20 Gy-treated DCs than in those inoculated with 2 Gy-irradiated DCs, and T cell activation also correlated with reactive oxygen species production. CONCLUSIONS An RT dose ≥5 Gy has distinct advantages over 2 Gy in facilitating DC homing to lymph nodes and cross-priming T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiansong Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Zhan
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Dendritic cell therapy in cancer treatment; the state-of-the-art. Life Sci 2020; 254:117580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
93
|
Ding J, Liu X, Tang B, Bai X, Wang Y, Li S, Li J, Liu M, Wang X. Murine hepatoma treatment with mature dendritic cells stimulated by Trichinella spiralis excretory/secretory products. Parasite 2020; 27:47. [PMID: 32692308 PMCID: PMC7373160 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excretory/Secretory Products (ESPs) of the nematode Trichinella spiralis contain antitumor-active substances that inhibit tumor growth. Mature dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the antitumor immunity of the organism. As pathogen-derived products, it ought to be discussed whether T. spiralis ESPs will reduce the antitumor effect of mature DCs from the host before it is applied to patients' tumors. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the immunological effect of DCs stimulated by T. spiralis ESPs in H22 tumor-bearing mice. H22 tumor model mice in this study were randomly divided into four groups according to the treatment: PBS control group, ESP group, DCs group, and DCs stimulated with T. spiralis ESP (ESP+DCs group). The antitumor effect was evaluated by tumor inhibition rate and cytokine detection using ELISA. The results showed significant inhibition in tumor growth in the ESP+DCs, DCs and ESP groups when compared with the PBS control group (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.05, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed on tumor inhibition rates between the ESP+DCs and DCs groups. The decrease in IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10, and the increase in IFN-γ between the DCs and ESP+DCs groups were also not significant. Therefore, DCs stimulated by ESP did not reduce the antitumor effect of mature DCs, which demonstrated that the T. spiralis ESP would not affect the antitumor effect of mature DCs by modulating the immune response of the host, and that ESPs are safe in antitumor immunology when applied in a tumor model mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ding
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Bin Tang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Shicun Li
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Xuelin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Significance of STAT3 in Immune Infiltration and Drug Response in Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060834. [PMID: 32486001 PMCID: PMC7355836 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor and regulates tumorigenesis. However, the functions of STAT3 in immune and drug response in cancer remain elusive. Hence, we aim to reveal the impact of STAT3 in immune infiltration and drug response comprehensively by bioinformatics analysis. The expression of STAT3 and its relationship with tumor stage were explored by Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Human Protein Altas (HPA), and UALCAN databases. The correlations between STAT3 and immune infiltration, gene markers of immune cells were analyzed by TIMER. Moreover, the association between STAT3 and drug response was evaluated by the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP). The results suggested that the mRNA transcriptional level of STAT3 was lower in tumors than normal tissues and mostly unrelated to tumor stage. Besides, the protein expression of STAT3 decreased in colorectal and renal cancer compared with normal tissues. Importantly, STAT3 was correlated with immune infiltration and particularly regulated tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), M2 macrophage, T-helper 1 (Th1), follicular helper T (Treg), and exhausted T-cells. Remarkably, STAT3 was closely correlated with the response to specified inhibitors and natural compounds in cancer. Furthermore, the association between STAT3 and drug response was highly cell line type dependent. Significantly, the study provides thorough insight that STAT3 is associated with immunosuppression, as well as drug response in clinical treatment.
Collapse
|
95
|
Norton TD, Tada T, Leibowitz R, van der Heide V, Homann D, Landau NR. Lentiviral-Vector-Based Dendritic Cell Vaccine Synergizes with Checkpoint Blockade to Clear Chronic Viral Infection. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1795-1805. [PMID: 32497512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell vaccines are a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases but have met with mixed success. We report on a lentiviral vector-based dendritic cell vaccine strategy that generates a cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) T cell response that is much stronger than that achieved by standard peptide-pulsing approaches. The strategy was tested in the mouse lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) model. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells from SAMHD1 knockout mice were transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing the GP33 major-histocompatibility-complex (MHC)-class-I-restricted peptide epitope and CD40 ligand (CD40L) and injected into wild-type mice. The mice were highly protected against acute and chronic variant CL-13 LCMVs, resulting in a 100-fold greater decrease than that achieved with peptide epitope-pulsed dendritic cells. Inclusion of an MHC-class-II-restricted epitope in the lentiviral vector further increased the CD8 T cell response and resulted in antigen-specific CD8 T cells that exhibited a phenotype associated with functional cytotoxic T cells. The vaccination synergized with checkpoint blockade to reduce the viral load of mice chronically infected with CL-13 to an undetectable level. The strategy improves upon current dendritic cell vaccine strategies; is applicable to the treatment of disease, including AIDS and cancer; and supports the utility of Vpx-containing vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Norton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Takuya Tada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rebecca Leibowitz
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Verena van der Heide
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute & Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dirk Homann
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute & Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nathaniel R Landau
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Nistor GI, Dillman RO. Cytokine network analysis of immune responses before and after autologous dendritic cell and tumor cell vaccine immunotherapies in a randomized trial. J Transl Med 2020; 18:176. [PMID: 32316978 PMCID: PMC7171762 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In a randomized phase II trial conducted in patients with metastatic melanoma, patient-specific autologous dendritic cell vaccines (DCV) were associated with longer survival than autologous tumor cell vaccines (TCV). Both vaccines presented antigens from cell-renewing autologous tumor cells. The current analysis was performed to better understand the immune responses induced by these vaccines, and their association with survival. Methods 110 proteomic markers were measured at a week-0 baseline, 1 week before the first of 3 weekly vaccine injections, and at week-4, 1 week after the third injection. Data was presented as a deviation from normal controls. A two-component principal component (PC) statistical analysis and discriminant analysis were performed on this data set for all patients and for each treatment cohort. Results At baseline PC-1 contained 64.4% of the variance and included the majority of cytokines associated with Th1 and Th2 responses, which positively correlated with beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ1). Results were similar at baseline for both treatment cohorts. After three injections, DCV-treated patients showed correlative grouping among Th1/Th17 cytokines on PC-1, with an inverse correlation with B2M, FAS, and IL-18, and correlations among immunoglobulins in PC-2. TCV-treated patients showed a positive correlation on PC-1 among most of the cytokines and tumor markers B2M and FAS receptor. There were also correlative changes of IL12p40 with both Th1 and Th2 cytokines and TGFβ1. Discriminant analysis provided additional evidence that DCV was associated with innate, Th1/Th17, and Th2 responses while TCV was only associated with innate and Th2 responses. Conclusions These analyses confirm that DCV induced a different immune response than that induced by TCV, and these immune responses were associated with improved survival. Trial registration Clinical trials.gov NCT004936930 retrospectively registered 28 July 2009
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel I Nistor
- AIVITA Biomedical, Inc., 18301 Von Karman, Suite 130, Irvine, CA, 92612, USA
| | - Robert O Dillman
- AIVITA Biomedical, Inc., 18301 Von Karman, Suite 130, Irvine, CA, 92612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Nazimek K, Bryniarski K. Approaches to inducing antigen-specific immune tolerance in allergy and autoimmunity: Focus on antigen-presenting cells and extracellular vesicles. Scand J Immunol 2020; 91:e12881. [PMID: 32243636 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing prevalence of allergic and autoimmune diseases urges clinicians and researchers to search for new and efficient treatments. Strategies that activate antigen-specific immune tolerance and simultaneously maintain immune reactivity to all other antigens deserve special attention. Accordingly, antigen-presenting cells (APCs) seem to be the best suited for orchestrating these mechanisms by directing T cell immune responses towards a tolerant subtype. Recent advances in understanding cell-to-cell communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs) make the latter promising candidates for reprogramming APCs towards a tolerant phenotype, and for mediating tolerogenic APC function. Thus, comprehensive studies have been undertaken to describe the interactions of APCs and EVs naturally occurring during immune tolerance induction, as well as to develop EV-based manoeuvres enabling the induction of immune tolerance in an antigen-specific manner. In this review, we summarize the findings of relevant studies, with a special emphasis on future perspectives on their translation to clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Nazimek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Immunology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bryniarski
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Immunology, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Mahabati M, Aipire A, Yuan P, Liu X, Cai S, Aimaier A, Ziyayiding D, Yasheng M, Abudujilile D, Li J. Comparison of structural characteristics and immunoregulatory activities of polysaccharides from four natural plants. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1743647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahepali Mahabati
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Adila Aipire
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Yuan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Cai
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alimu Aimaier
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dilinigeer Ziyayiding
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mayila Yasheng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dilinazi Abudujilile
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Baldin AV, Savvateeva LV, Bazhin AV, Zamyatnin AA. Dendritic Cells in Anticancer Vaccination: Rationale for Ex Vivo Loading or In Vivo Targeting. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030590. [PMID: 32150821 PMCID: PMC7139354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have shown great potential as a component or target in the landscape of cancer immunotherapy. Different in vivo and ex vivo strategies of DC vaccine generation with different outcomes have been proposed. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated their efficacy and safety in cancer patients. However, there is no consensus regarding which DC-based vaccine generation method is preferable. A problem of result comparison between trials in which different DC-loading or -targeting approaches have been applied remains. The employment of different DC generation and maturation methods, antigens and administration routes from trial to trial also limits the objective comparison of DC vaccines. In the present review, we discuss different methods of DC vaccine generation. We conclude that standardized trial designs, treatment settings and outcome assessment criteria will help to determine which DC vaccine generation approach should be applied in certain cancer cases. This will result in a reduction in alternatives in the selection of preferable DC-based vaccine tactics in patient. Moreover, it has become clear that the application of a DC vaccine alone is not sufficient and combination immunotherapy with recent advances, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, should be employed to achieve a better clinical response and outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Baldin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (L.V.S.)
| | - Lyudmila V. Savvateeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (L.V.S.)
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (L.V.S.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Department of Cell Signaling, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +74-956-229-843
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Nava S, Lisini D, Frigerio S, Pogliani S, Pellegatta S, Gatti L, Finocchiaro G, Bersano A, Parati EA. PGE 2 Is Crucial for the Generation of FAST Whole- Tumor-Antigens Loaded Dendritic Cells Suitable for Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030215. [PMID: 32131407 PMCID: PMC7150800 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells, strongly inducers of T cell-mediated immune responses and, as such, broadly used as vaccine adjuvant in experimental clinical settings. DC are widely generated from human monocytes following in vitro protocols which require 5-7 days of differentiation with GM-CSF and IL-4 followed by 2-3 days of activation/maturation. In attempts to shorten the vaccine's production, Fast-DC protocols have been developed. Here we reported a Fast-DC method in compliance with good manufacturing practices for the production of autologous mature dendritic cells loaded with antigens derived from whole tumor lysate, suitable for the immunotherapy in glioblastoma patients. The feasibility of generating Fast-DC pulsed with whole tumor lysate was assessed using a series of small-scale cultures performed in parallel with clinical grade large scale standard method preparations. Our results demonstrate that this Fast protocol is effective only in the presence of PGE2 in the maturation cocktail to guarantee that Fast-DC cells exhibit a mature phenotype and fulfill all requirements for in vivo use in immunotherapy approaches. Fast-DC generated following this protocol were equally potent to standard DC in inducing Ag-specific T cell proliferation in vitro. Generation of Fast-DC not only reduces labor, cost, and time required for in vitro clinical grade DC development, but can also minimizes inter-preparations variability and the risk of contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nava
- Cell Therapy Production Unit—UPTC and Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.F.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (A.B.); (E.A.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-23942272
| | - Daniela Lisini
- Cell Therapy Production Unit—UPTC and Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.F.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (A.B.); (E.A.P.)
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Cell Therapy Production Unit—UPTC and Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.F.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (A.B.); (E.A.P.)
| | - Simona Pogliani
- Cell Therapy Production Unit—UPTC and Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.F.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (A.B.); (E.A.P.)
| | - Serena Pellegatta
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (G.F.)
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Immunotherapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- Cell Therapy Production Unit—UPTC and Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.F.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (A.B.); (E.A.P.)
| | - Gaetano Finocchiaro
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Anna Bersano
- Cell Therapy Production Unit—UPTC and Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.F.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (A.B.); (E.A.P.)
| | - Eugenio Agostino Parati
- Cell Therapy Production Unit—UPTC and Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.F.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (A.B.); (E.A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|