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Sahu U, Sidhar H, Ghate PS, Advirao GM, Raghavan SC, Giri RK. A Novel Anticancer Agent, 8-Methoxypyrimido[4',5':4,5]thieno(2,3-b) Quinoline-4(3H)-One Induces Neuro 2a Neuroblastoma Cell Death through p53-Dependent, Caspase-Dependent and -Independent Apoptotic Pathways. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66430. [PMID: 23824039 PMCID: PMC3688904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer in infants and fourth most common cancer in children. Despite recent advances in cancer treatments, the prognosis of stage-IV neuroblastoma patients continues to be dismal which warrant new pharmacotherapy. A novel tetracyclic condensed quinoline compound, 8-methoxypyrimido [4',5':4,5]thieno(2,3-b) quinoline-4(3H)-one (MPTQ) is a structural analogue of an anticancer drug ellipticine and has been reported to posses anticancer property. Study on MPTQ on neuroblastoma cells is very limited and mechanisms related to its cytotoxicity on neuroblastoma cells are completely unknown. Here, we evaluated the anticancer property of MPTQ on mouse neuro 2a and human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and investigated the mechanisms underlying MPTQ-mediated neuro 2a cell death. MPTQ-mediated neuro 2a and SH-SY5Y cell deaths were found to be dose and time dependent. Moreover, MPTQ induced cell death reached approximately 99.8% and 90% in neuro 2a and SH-SY5Y cells respectively. Nuclear oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation and Terminal dUTP Nick End Labelling assays indicated MPTQ-mediated neuro 2a cell death involved apoptosis. MPTQ-mediated apoptosis is associated with increased phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 and Ser20 which correlates with the hyperphosphorylation of Ataxia-Telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM). Immunocytochemical analysis demonstrated the increased level of Bax protein in MPTQ treated neuro 2a cells. MPTQ-mediated apoptosis is also associated with increased activation of caspase-9, -3 and -7 but not caspase-2 and -8. Furthermore, increased level of caspase-3 and cleaved Poly (ADP Ribose) polymerase were observed in the nucleus of MPTQ treated neuro 2a cells, suggesting the involvement of caspase-dependent intrinsic but not extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Increased nuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factor suggests additional involvement of caspase-independent apoptosis pathway in MPTQ treated neuro 2a cells. Collectively, MPTQ-induced neuro 2a cell death is mediated by ATM and p53 activation, and Bax-mediated activation of caspase-dependent and caspase-independent mitochondrial apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Sahu
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, India
| | - Himakshi Sidhar
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, India
| | - Pankaj S. Ghate
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, India
| | - Gopal M. Advirao
- Department of Biochemistry, Kuvempu University, Davanagere, Karnataka, India
| | - Sathees C. Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranjit K. Giri
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, India
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Kaushik NK, Kaushik N, Attri P, Kumar N, Kim CH, Verma AK, Choi EH. Biomedical importance of indoles. Molecules 2013; 18:6620-62. [PMID: 23743888 PMCID: PMC6270133 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 831] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The indole nucleus is an important element of many natural and synthetic molecules with significant biological activity. This review covers some of the relevant and recent achievements in the biological, chemical and pharmacological activity of important indole derivatives in the areas of drug discovery and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139701, Korea; E-Mails: (P.A.); (N.K.); (C.H.K.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (N.K.K); (N.K.); (A.K.V.); (E.H.C.); Tel.: +82-10-4187-8618 (N.K.K.) Fax: +82-940-5664 (N.K.K)
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139701, Korea; E-Mails: (P.A.); (N.K.); (C.H.K.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (N.K.K); (N.K.); (A.K.V.); (E.H.C.); Tel.: +82-10-4187-8618 (N.K.K.) Fax: +82-940-5664 (N.K.K)
| | - Pankaj Attri
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139701, Korea; E-Mails: (P.A.); (N.K.); (C.H.K.)
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139701, Korea; E-Mails: (P.A.); (N.K.); (C.H.K.)
| | - Chung Hyeok Kim
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139701, Korea; E-Mails: (P.A.); (N.K.); (C.H.K.)
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (N.K.K); (N.K.); (A.K.V.); (E.H.C.); Tel.: +82-10-4187-8618 (N.K.K.) Fax: +82-940-5664 (N.K.K)
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139701, Korea; E-Mails: (P.A.); (N.K.); (C.H.K.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (N.K.K); (N.K.); (A.K.V.); (E.H.C.); Tel.: +82-10-4187-8618 (N.K.K.) Fax: +82-940-5664 (N.K.K)
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Ghosh S, Kar A, Chowdhury S, Dasgupta D. Ellipticine binds to a human telomere sequence: an additional mode of action as a putative anticancer agent? Biochemistry 2013; 52:4127-37. [PMID: 23697684 DOI: 10.1021/bi400080t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyguanine sequences fold into G-quadruplex structures in the presence of monovalent cations. It is accepted that the telomeric DNA region consists of G-quadruplex structure. There are reports that potential G-quadruplex forming motifs are also present in the promoter region of some proto-oncogenes such as c-myc, c-kit, KRAS, etc. Small molecules with the potential to stabilize the telomeric DNA quadruplex have emerged as potential anticancer agents. We have studied the interaction of ellipticine, a putative anticancer agent from a plant source, with a human telomeric DNA sequence (H24). Spectroscopic and calorimetric studies indicate that the association of ellipticine with H24 is an entropically driven phenomenon with a 2:3 (H24:ellipticine) stoichiometry. Though ellipticine binding does not induce any major structural perturbation in H24, the association leads to formation of a complex with enhanced thermal stability. An assay with the telomerase repeat amplification protocol shows that ellipticine inhibits telomerase activity in MDAMB-231 breast cancer cell line extracts. This is the first report of the quadruplex binding ability of ellipticine. Using the results, we propose that along with DNA intercalation and/or topoisomerase II inhibition, interaction with the telomeric DNA region and the resultant inhibition of telomerase activity might be an additional mode of action for its anticancer property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptaparni Ghosh
- Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics , Block-AF, Sector- I, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, India
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54
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12-Amino-andrographolide analogues: synthesis and cytotoxic activity. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:1454-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Indumathi T, Muthusankar A, Shanmughavel P, Prasad KJR. Synthesis of hetero annulated carbazoles: exploration of in vitro cytotoxicity and molecular docking studies. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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O'Sullivan EC, Miller CM, Deane FM, McCarthy FO. Emerging Targets in the Bioactivity of Ellipticines and Derivatives. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62615-8.00006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Stiborova M, Poljakova J, Eckschlager T, Kizek R, Frei E. Analysis of covalent ellipticine- and doxorubicin-derived adducts in DNA of neuroblastoma cells by the ³²P-postlabeling technique. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2012; 156:115-21. [PMID: 22837132 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ellipticine and doxorubicin are antineoplastic agents, whose action is based mainly on DNA damage such as intercalation, inhibition of topoisomerase II and formation of covalent DNA adducts. The key target to resolve which of these mechanisms are responsible for ellipticine and doxorubicin anticancer effects is the development of suitable methods for identifying their individual DNA-damaging effects. Here, the (32)P-postlabeling method was tested to detect covalent DNA adducts formed by ellipticine and doxorubicin. METHODS The standard procedure of (32)P-postlabeling assay, this procedure under ATP-deficient conditions, the version using extraction of adducts with n-butanol and the nuclease P1 enrichment version were used to analyze ellipticineand/ or doxorubicin-derived DNA adducts. RESULTS Two covalent ellipticine-derived DNA adducts, which are associated with cytotoxicity of ellipticine to human UKF-NB-3 and UKF-NB-4 neuroblastoma cell lines, were detected by the (32)P-postlabeling method. These adducts are identical to those formed by the ellipticine metabolites, 13-hydroxy- and 12-hydroxyellipticine. In contrast, no covalent adducts formed by doxorubicin in DNA of these neuroblastoma cells and in DNA incubated with this drug and formaldehyde in vitro were detectable by the (32)P-postlabeling assay. CONCLUSIONS The results presented in this paper are the first to demonstrate that in contrast to covalent DNA adducts formed by ellipticine, the adducts generated by formaldehyde-mediated covalent binding of doxorubicin to DNA are not detectable by the (32)P-postlabeling assay. No DNA adducts were, detectable either in vitro, in incubations of DNA with doxorubicin or in DNA of neuroblastoma cells treated with this drug. The results also suggest that covalent binding of ellipticine to DNA of UKF-NB-3 and UKF-NB-4 neuroblastoma cell lines is the predominant mechanism responsible for the cytotoxicity of this drug. To understand the mechanisms of doxorubicin anticancer effects on neuroblastoma cells, development of novel methods for identifying covalent doxorubicin-derived DNA adducts is the major challenge for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Ellipticine oxidation and DNA adduct formation in human hepatocytes is catalyzed by human cytochromes P450 and enhanced by cytochrome b5. Toxicology 2012; 302:233-41. [PMID: 22917556 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ellipticine is an antineoplastic agent considered a pro-drug, the pharmacological and genotoxic effects of which are dependent on cytochrome P450 (CYP)- and/or peroxidase-mediated activation to covalent DNA adducts. We investigated whether ellipticine-DNA adducts are formed in human hepatic microsomes and human hepatocytes. We then identified which human CYPs oxidize ellipticine to metabolites forming DNA adducts and the effect of cytochrome b(5) on this oxidation. 13-Hydroxyellipticine, the metabolite forming the major ellipticine-DNA adduct, was generated mainly by CYP3A4 and 1A1, followed by CYP2D6>2C19>1B1>1A2>2E1 and >2C9. Cytochrome b(5) increased formation of this metabolite by human CYPs, predominantly by CYP1A1, 3A4, 1A2 and 2C19. Formation of 12-hydroxyellipticine is generated mainly by CYP2C19, followed by CYP2C9>3A4>2D6>2E1 and >2A6. Other CYPs were less active (CYP2C8 and 2B6) or did not oxidize ellipticine to this metabolite (CYP1A1, 1A2 and 1B1). CYP2D6 was the most efficient enzyme generating ellipticine N(2)-oxide. CYP3A4 and 1A1 in the presence of cytochrome b(5) are mainly responsible for bioactivation of ellipticine to DNA adduct 1 (formed by ellipticine-13-ylium from 13-hydroxyellipticine), while 12-hydroxyellipticine generated during the CYP2C19-mediated ellipticine oxidation is the predominant metabolite forming ellipticine-12-ylium that generates ellipticine-DNA adduct 2. These ellipticine-DNA adducts were also generated by human hepatic microsomes and in primary human hepatocytes exposed to ellipticine. Ellipticine is toxic to these hepatocytes, decreasing their viability; the IC(50) value of ellipticine in these cells was 0.7 μM. In liver CYP3A4 is the predominant ellipticine activating CYP species, which is expected to result in efficient metabolism after oral ingestion of ellipticine in humans.
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KOLB BRIAN, THONHAUSER T. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AT THE QUANTUM LEVEL: CAN MODERN DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FORGE THE PATH? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793984412300063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen vast improvements in the ability of rigorous quantum-mechanical methods to treat systems of interest to molecular biology. In this review article, we survey common computational methods used to study such large, weakly bound systems, starting from classical simulations and reaching to quantum chemistry and density functional theory. We sketch their underlying frameworks and investigate their strengths and weaknesses when applied to potentially large biomolecules. In particular, density functional theory — a framework that can treat thousands of atoms on firm theoretical ground — can now accurately describe systems dominated by weak van der Waals interactions. This newfound ability has rekindled interest in using this tried-and-true approach to investigate biological systems of real importance. In this review, we focus on some new methods within the density functional theory that allow for accurate inclusion of the weak interactions that dominate binding in biological macromolecules. Recent work utilizing these methods to study biologically relevant systems will be highlighted, and a vision for the future of density functional theory within molecular biology will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- BRIAN KOLB
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - T. THONHAUSER
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
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60
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Wu Y, Sadatmousavi P, Wang R, Lu S, Yuan YF, Chen P. Self-assembling peptide-based nanoparticles enhance anticancer effect of ellipticine in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:3221-33. [PMID: 22802684 PMCID: PMC3396387 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s31858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS Applications of the anticancer agent, ellipticine, have been limited by its hydrophobicity and toxicity. An efficient delivery system is required to exploit the enormous potential of this compound. Recently, EAK16-II, an ionic-complementary, self-assembling peptide, has been found to stabilize ellipticine in aqueous solution. Here, the anticancer activity of ellipticine encapsulated in EAK16-II (EAK-EPT) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Our cellular uptake, toxicity, and apoptosis results in an A549 human lung carcinoma cell line indicate that EAK-EPT complexes are significantly more effective than treatment with EAK16-II or ellipticine alone. This is due to the ability of EAK16-II to stabilize ellipticine in a protonated state in well formed nanostructures approximately 200 nm in size. In vivo observations in an A549 nude mouse tumor model show higher antitumor activity and lower cytotoxicity of EAK-EPT complexes than in the control group treated with ellipticine alone. Tumor growth in animals was significantly inhibited after treatment with EAK-EPT complexes, and without any apparent side effects. CONCLUSION The anticancer activity observed in this study coupled with minimal side effects encourages further development of peptide-mediated delivery of anticancer drugs, ellipticine in the present case, for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, No. 3 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Ryvolova M, Adam V, Eckschlager T, Stiborova M, Kizek R. Study of DNA-ellipticine interaction by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1545-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomas Eckschlager
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology; 2; nd; Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol; Prague; Czech Republic
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Charles University; Prague; Czech Republic
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Synthesis of 2-amino-8-chloro-4-phenyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido[2,3-a]carbazole-3-carbonitrile: Structural and biological evaluation. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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63
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Essmann F, Schulze-Osthoff K. Translational approaches targeting the p53 pathway for anti-cancer therapy. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:328-44. [PMID: 21718309 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01570.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 tumour suppressor blocks cancer development by triggering apoptosis or cellular senescence in response to oncogenic stress or DNA damage. Consequently, the p53 signalling pathway is virtually always inactivated in human cancer cells. This unifying feature has commenced tremendous efforts to develop p53-based anti-cancer therapies. Different strategies exist that are adapted to the mechanisms of p53 inactivation. In p53-mutated tumours, delivery of wild-type p53 by adenovirus-based gene therapy is now practised in China. Also, remarkable progress has been made in the development of p53-binding drugs that can rescue and reactivate the function of mutant or misfolded p53. Other biologic approaches include the development of oncolytic viruses that are designed to specifically replicate in and kill p53-defective cells. Inactivation of wt-p53 frequently results from dysregulation of MDM2, an E3 ligase that regulates p53 levels. Small-molecule drugs that inhibit the interaction of MDM2 and p53 and block p53 degradation are currently tested in clinical trials. This survey highlights the recent developments that attempt to modulate the function of p53 and outlines strategies that are being investigated for pharmacological intervention in the p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Essmann
- Interfaculty Institute for Biochemistry and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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64
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Stiborová M, Indra R, Moserová M, Černá V, Rupertová M, Martínek V, Eckschlager T, Kizek R, Frei E. Cytochrome b5 Increases Cytochrome P450 3A4-Mediated Activation of Anticancer Drug Ellipticine to 13-Hydroxyellipticine Whose Covalent Binding to DNA Is Elevated by Sulfotransferases and N,O-Acetyltransferases. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:1075-85. [DOI: 10.1021/tx3000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Moserová
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Černá
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Rupertová
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Martínek
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Eckschlager
- Department of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - René Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University,
Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Frei
- Division
of Preventive Oncology,
National Center for Tumor Diseases, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Miller CM, McCarthy FO. Isolation, biological activity and synthesis of the natural product ellipticine and related pyridocarbazoles. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20584j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Miller CM, O'Sullivan EC, Devine KJ, McCarthy FO. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel isoellipticine derivatives and salts. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:7912-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26181b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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68
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New substituted C-19-andrographolide analogues with potent cytotoxic activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:49-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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69
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Kizek R, Adam V, Hrabeta J, Eckschlager T, Smutny S, Burda JV, Frei E, Stiborova M. Anthracyclines and ellipticines as DNA-damaging anticancer drugs: Recent advances. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 133:26-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Procházka P, Libra A, Zemanová Z, Hřebačková J, Poljaková J, Hraběta J, Bunček M, Stiborová M, Eckschlager T. Mechanisms of ellipticine-mediated resistance in UKF-NB-4 neuroblastoma cells. Cancer Sci 2011; 103:334-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02137.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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71
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Anastassopoulou CG, Fuchs BB, Mylonakis E. Caenorhabditis elegans-based model systems for antifungal drug discovery. Curr Pharm Des 2011; 17:1225-33. [PMID: 21470110 DOI: 10.2174/138161211795703753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The substantial morbidity and mortality associated with invasive fungal infections constitute undisputed tokens of their severity. The continued expansion of susceptible population groups (such as immunocompromised individuals, patients undergoing extensive surgery, and those hospitalized with serious underlying diseases especially in the intensive care unit) and the limitations of current antifungal agents due to toxicity issues or to the development of resistance, mandate the development of novel antifungal drugs. Currently, drug discovery is transitioning from the traditional in vitro large-scale screens of chemical libraries to more complex bioassays, including in vivo studies on whole animals; invertebrates, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, are thus gaining momentum as screening tools. Key pathogenesis features of fungal infections, including filament formation, are expressed in certain invertebrate and mammalian hosts; among the various potential hosts, C. elegans provides an attractive platform both for the study of host-pathogen interactions and the identification of new antifungal agents. Advantages of compound screening in this facile, relatively inexpensive and not as ethically challenged whole-animal context, include the simultaneous assessment of antifungal efficacy and toxicity that could result in the identification of compounds with distinct mechanisms of action, for example by promoting host immune responses or by impeding fungal virulence factors. With the recent advent of using predictive models to screen for compounds with improved chances of bioavailability in the nematode a priori, high-throughput screening of chemical libraries using the C. elegans-C. albicans antifungal discovery assay holds even greater promise for the identification of novel antifungal agents in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleo G Anastassopoulou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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Kim JY, Lee SG, Chung JY, Kim YJ, Park JE, Koh H, Han MS, Park YC, Yoo YH, Kim JM. Ellipticine induces apoptosis in human endometrial cancer cells: The potential involvement of reactive oxygen species and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Toxicology 2011; 289:91-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Passemar C, Saléry M, Soh PN, Linas MD, Ahond A, Poupat C, Benoit-Vical F. Indole and aminoimidazole moieties appear as key structural units in antiplasmodial molecules. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:1118-1125. [PMID: 21612900 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
From a library of compounds of natural sources, a big series of molecules was chosen by random sampling to evaluate their in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum and their antifungal activity against Candida sp. From 184 molecules tested, no molecules were active against Candida sp. (MIC>10μg/ml) whereas 13 clearly showed high antiplasmodial activity in vitro, with an IC(50) less than 1μg/ml against the chloroquine-resistant strain of P. falciparum FcM29-Cameroon. The molecules with the best antiplasmodial efficacy were 10-hydroxy-ellipticin (IC(50): 0.08μg/ml), tchibangensin (IC(50): 0.13μg/ml), ellipticin hydrochloride (IC(50): 0.17μg/ml), usambarensin (IC(50): 0.23μg/ml), 7S,3S-ochropposinine oxindole (IC(50): 0.25μg/ml), 3,14-dihydro-ellipticin (IC(50): 0.25μg/ml), tetrahydro-4',5',6'17-usambarensin 17S (IC(50): 0.26μg/ml), ellipticine (IC(50): 0.28μg/ml), aricin (IC(50): 0.3μg/ml), 10-methoxy-ellipticin (IC(50): 0.32μg/ml), aplysinopsin (IC(50): 0.43μg/ml), descarbomethoxydihydrogambirtannin (IC(50): 0.46μg/ml) and ochrolifuanin A (IC(50): 0.47μg/ml). Among these 13 promising molecules, all except descarbomethoxydihydrogambirtannin, ochrolifuanine A and usambarensine presented here novel biological activities since they had never been described in the literature for their antiplasmodial activity. In spite of the large diversity of the molecules which have been tested, it is interesting to note that the ones active against Plasmodium are all indole derivatives (and one is both indolic and aminoimidazolic). To find new antiplasmodial compounds, ethnopharmacological approaches studying traditional medicine treatments for malaria is largely used but random research produced here an interesting yield (7%) of new antiplasmodial hits and appears therefore complementary to the traditional medicine way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Passemar
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) UPR8241, 205, route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
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74
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Indumathi T, Jamal Ahamed VS, Moon SS, Fronczek FR, Rajendra Prasad KJ. L-Proline anchored multicomponent synthesis of novel pyrido[2,3-a]carbazoles; investigation of in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and structure activity relationship studies. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5580-90. [PMID: 21983331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The newly synthesized pyrido[2,3-a]carbazoles were prepared in good yields by multicomponent reactions under L-proline as promoter and structurally characterized. Few compounds showed significant activity toward both gram-positive, gram-negative bacterial strains. All compounds exerted negative efficacy for antifungal activity except compounds 5f and 7f which showed moderate activity. All compounds showed weak to moderate capacity for scavenging DPPH. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by Sulforhodamine B assay against A-549, B16F10, HCT-15, SKMel2 and SKOV3 cell lines and compared with standard drug cisplatin. Compound 5f outperformed cisplatin against A-549, HCT-15, SKMel2 and B16F10 cell lines. Compound 5e outranged cisplatin against A-549, HCT-15, and SKMel2 cell lines. 5b outperformed cisplatin specifically against B16F10. The preliminary structure activity relationships were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Indumathi
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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75
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Caruso A, Chimento A, El-Kashef H, Lancelot JC, Panno A, Pezzi V, Saturnino C, Sinicropi MS, Sirianni R, Rault S. Antiproliferative activity of some 1,4-dimethylcarbazoles on cells that express estrogen receptors: part I. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2011; 27:609-13. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2011.603132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Caruso
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria,
Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Adele Chimento
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Calabria,
Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Hussein El-Kashef
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University,
Assiut, Egypt
| | - Jean-Charles Lancelot
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Boulevard Becquerel,
Caen Cedex, France
| | - Antonella Panno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria,
Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pezzi
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Calabria,
Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Salerno,
Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | | | - Rosa Sirianni
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Calabria,
Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Sylvain Rault
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Boulevard Becquerel,
Caen Cedex, France
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76
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Cytochrome b5 shifts oxidation of the anticancer drug ellipticine by cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2 from its detoxication to activation, thereby modulating its pharmacological efficacy. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:669-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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77
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Banerjee S, Pabbathi A, Sekhar MC, Samanta A. Dual Fluorescence of Ellipticine: Excited State Proton Transfer from Solvent versus Solvent Mediated Intramolecular Proton Transfer. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:9217-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jp206232b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Pabbathi
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - M. Chandra Sekhar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Anunay Samanta
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
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78
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Ellipticine cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines - a comparative study. Interdiscip Toxicol 2011; 4:98-105. [PMID: 21753906 PMCID: PMC3131681 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-011-0017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellipticine is a potent antineoplastic agent exhibiting multiple mechanisms of action. This anticancer agent should be considered a pro-drug, whose pharmacological efficiency and/or genotoxic side effects are dependent on its cytochrome P450 (CYP)- and/or peroxidase-mediated activation to species forming covalent DNA adducts. Ellipticine can also act as an inhibitor or inducer of biotransformation enzymes, thereby modulating its own metabolism leading to its genotoxic and pharmacological effects. Here, a comparison of the toxicity of ellipticine to human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells, leukemia HL-60 and CCRF-CEM cells, neuroblastoma IMR-32, UKF-NB-3 and UKF-NB-4 cells and U87MG glioblastoma cells and mechanisms of its action to these cells were evaluated. Treatment of all cells tested with ellipticine resulted in inhibition of cell growth and proliferation. This effect was associated with formation of two covalent ellipticine-derived DNA adducts, identical to those formed by 13-hydroxy- and 12-hydroxyellipticine, the ellipticine metabolites generated by CYP and peroxidase enzymes, in MCF-7, HL-60, CCRF-CEM, UKF-NB-3, UKF-NB-4 and U87MG cells, but not in neuroblastoma UKF-NB-3 cells. Therefore, DNA adduct formation in most cancer cell lines tested in this comparative study might be the predominant cause of their sensitivity to ellipticine treatment, whereas other mechanisms of ellipticine action also contribute to its cytotoxicity to neuroblastoma UKF-NB-3 cells.
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79
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The comparison of cytotoxicity of the anticancer drugs doxorubicin and ellipticine to human neuroblastoma cells. Interdiscip Toxicol 2011; 1:186-9. [PMID: 21218110 PMCID: PMC2993486 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-010-0036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Revised: 08/11/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellipticine is an antineoplastic agent, whose mode of action is based mainly on DNA intercalation, inhibition of topoisomerase II and formation of covalent DNA adducts mediated by cytochromes P450 and peroxidases. Here, the cytotoxicity of ellipticine to human neuroblastoma derived cell lines IMR-32 and UKF-NB-4 was investigated. Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with ellipticine was compared with that of these cancer cells with doxorubicin. The toxicity of ellipticine was essentially the same as that of doxorubicin to UKF-NB-4 cells, but doxorubicin is much more effective to inhibit the growth of the IMR-32 cell line than ellipticine. Hypoxic conditions used for the cell cultivation resulted in a decrease in ellipticine and/or doxorubicin toxicity to IMR-32 and UKF-NB-4 neuroblastoma cells.
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80
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DNA and histone deacetylases as targets for neuroblastoma treatment. Interdiscip Toxicol 2011; 3:47-52. [PMID: 21217872 PMCID: PMC2984128 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-010-0010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, a tumor of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, is the most frequent solid extra cranial tumor in children and is a major cause of death from neoplasia in infancy. Still little improvement in therapeutic options has been made, requiring a need for the development of new therapies. In our laboratory, we address still unsettled questions, which of mechanisms of action of DNA-damaging drugs both currently use for treatment of human neuroblastomas (doxorubicin, cis-platin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide) and another anticancer agent decreasing growth of neuroblastomas in vitro, ellipticine, are predominant mechanism(s) responsible for their antitumor action in neuroblastoma cell lines in vitro. Because hypoxia frequently occurs in tumors and strongly correlates with advanced disease and poor outcome caused by chemoresistance, the effects of hypoxia on efficiencies and mechanisms of actions of these drugs in neuroblastomas are also investigated. Since the epigenetic structure of DNA and its lesions play a role in the origin of human neuroblastomas, pharmaceutical manipulation of the epigenome may offer other treatment options also for neuroblastomas. Therefore, the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on growth of neuroblastoma and combination of these compounds with doxorubicin, cis-platin, etoposide and ellipticine as well as mechanisms of such effects in human neuroblastona cell lines in vitro are also investigated. Such a study will increase our knowledge to explain the proper function of these drugs on the molecular level, which should be utilized for the development of new therapies for neuroblastomas.
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81
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Hakki T, Hübel K, Waldmann H, Bernhardt R. The development of a whole-cell based medium throughput screening system for the discovery of human aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) inhibitors: old drugs disclose new applications for the therapy of congestive heart failure, myocardial fibrosis and hypertension. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 125:120-8. [PMID: 21193036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes play an important role in steroid hormone biosynthesis of the human adrenal gland, e.g., the production of cortisol and aldosterone. Aldosterone, the most important human mineralocorticoid, is involved in the regulation of the salt and water homeostasis of the body and thus in the regulation of blood pressure, whereas cortisol is the most important glucocorticoid of the human body. CYP11B-dependent steroid hydroxylases are drug development targets, and since they are very closely related enzymes, the discovery of selective inhibitors has been subject to intense investigations for several years. Here we report the development of a whole-cell medium throughput screening technology for the discovery of CYP11B2 inhibitors. The new screening system displayed high reproducibility and was applied to investigate a library of pharmacologically active compounds. 1268 compounds were investigated during this study which revealed 5 selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 (after validation against CYP11B1). The new inhibitors of CYP11B2 are already existing drugs that could be used either in the treatment of hyperaldosteronism-related diseases or as lead compounds that could further be optimised to achieve safer and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase. Article from the Special issue on 'Targeted Inhibitors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Hakki
- Institute of Biochemistry, P.O. Box 151150, Saarland University, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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82
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Deane FM, Miller CM, Maguire AR, McCarthy FO. Modifications to the Vilsmeier-Haack formylation of 1,4-dimethylcarbazole and its application to the synthesis of ellipticines. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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83
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Stiborová M, Rupertová M, Frei E. Cytochrome P450- and peroxidase-mediated oxidation of anticancer alkaloid ellipticine dictates its anti-tumor efficiency. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:175-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 05/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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84
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Prudent R, Moucadel V, Nguyen CH, Barette C, Schmidt F, Florent JC, Lafanechère L, Sautel CF, Duchemin-Pelletier E, Spreux E, Filhol O, Reiser JB, Cochet C. Antitumor Activity of Pyridocarbazole and Benzopyridoindole Derivatives that Inhibit Protein Kinase CK2. Cancer Res 2010; 70:9865-74. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-0917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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85
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Kolář M, Kubař T, Hobza P. Sequence-Dependent Configurational Entropy Change of DNA upon Intercalation. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:13446-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1019153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kolář
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kubař
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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86
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Al-Trawneh SA, Zahra JA, Kamal MR, El-Abadelah MM, Zani F, Incerti M, Cavazzoni A, Alfieri RR, Petronini PG, Vicini P. Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5873-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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87
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Mousset D, Rabot R, Bouyssou P, Coudert G, Gillaizeau I. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel benzoxazinic analogues of ellipticine. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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88
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89
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Caruso A, Lancelot JC, El-Kashef H, Sinicropi MS, Legay R, Lesnard A, Rault S. A rapid and versatile synthesis of novel pyrimido[5,4-b]carbazoles. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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90
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Willemann C, Grünert R, Bednarski PJ, Troschütz R. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 5,6-heteroaromatically annulated pyridine-2,4-diamines. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:4406-19. [PMID: 19481463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5,6-heteroaromatically annulated pyridine-2,4-diamines have been synthesized and their in vitro cytotoxic activities evaluated against six human cancer cell lines. Benzo[g] annulated pyrido[2,3-b]indolediamines 7a-b and 8 showed relatively high cytotoxic activity as well as most of the diamines with pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 17, thieno[2,3-b]pyridine and furo[2,3-b]pyridine 26-28, 1,8-naphthyridine 32 and 34 and benzo[h]quinoline 37 skeletons. Surprisingly, pyrido[2,3-b]indolediamines 13 and 14 without benzo[g] annulation were inactive. None of the new compounds were as potent as ellipticine, the reference compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Willemann
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Erlangen, Germany
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91
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A one-pot synthetic approach to the functionalized isomeric ellipticine derivatives through an imino Diels–Alder reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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92
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The mechanism of cytotoxicity and DNA adduct formation by the anticancer drug ellipticine in human neuroblastoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 77:1466-79. [PMID: 19426684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ellipticine is an antineoplastic agent, whose mode of action is based mainly on DNA intercalation, inhibition of topoisomerase II and formation of covalent DNA adducts mediated by cytochromes P450 and peroxidases. Here, the molecular mechanism of DNA-mediated ellipticine action in human neuroblastoma IMR-32, UKF-NB-3 and UKF-NB-4 cancer cell lines was investigated. Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with ellipticine resulted in apoptosis induction, which was verified by the appearance of DNA fragmentation, and in inhibition of cell growth. These effects were associated with formation of two covalent ellipticine-derived DNA adducts, identical to those formed by the cytochrome P450- and peroxidase-mediated ellipticine metabolites, 13-hydroxy- and 12-hydroxyellipticine. The expression of these enzymes at mRNA and protein levels and their ability to generate ellipticine-DNA adducts in neuroblastoma cells were proven, using the real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting analyses and by analyzing ellipticine-DNA adducts in incubations of this drug with neuroblastoma S9 fractions, enzyme cofactors and DNA. The levels of DNA adducts correlated with toxicity of ellipticine to IMR-32 and UKF-NB-4 cells, but not with that to UKF-NB-3 cells. In addition, hypoxic cell culture conditions resulted in a decrease in ellipticine toxicity to IMR-32 and UKF-NB-4 cells and this correlated with lower levels of DNA adducts. Both these cell lines accumulated in S phase, suggesting that ellipticine-DNA adducts interfere with DNA replication. The results demonstrate that among the multiple modes of ellipticine antitumor action, formation of covalent DNA adducts by ellipticine is the predominant mechanism of cytotoxicity to IMR-32 and UKF-NB-4 neuroblastoma cells.
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93
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Tylińska B, Jasztold-Howorko R, Mastalarz H, Szczaurska-Nowak K, Wietrzyk J. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of New 1-Substituted-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole Derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2008; 341:351-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200700203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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94
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Gaddam V, Nagarajan R. An Efficient, One-Pot Synthesis of Isomeric Ellipticine Derivatives through Intramolecular Imino-Diels−Alder Reaction. Org Lett 2008; 10:1975-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800497u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Gaddam
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Central University (P.O.), Hyderabad-500 046, India
| | - Rajagopal Nagarajan
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Central University (P.O.), Hyderabad-500 046, India
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95
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Stiborová M, Arlt VM, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR, Kotrbová V, Moserová M, Hudeček J, Phillips DH, Frei E. Role of hepatic cytochromes P450 in bioactivation of the anticancer drug ellipticine: Studies with the hepatic NADPH:Cytochrome P450 reductase null mouse. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2008; 226:318-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 09/14/2007] [Accepted: 09/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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96
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Potterat O, Hamburger M. Drug discovery and development with plant-derived compounds. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2007; 65:45, 47-118. [PMID: 18084913 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7643-8117-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An overview is given on current efforts in drug development based on plant-derived natural products. Emphasis is on projects which have advanced to clinical development. Therapeutic areas covered include cancer, viral infections including HIV, malaria, inflammatory diseases, nociception and vaccine adjuvants, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Aspects which are specific to plant-based drug discovery and development are also addressed, such as supply issues in the commercial development, and the Convention on Biological Diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Potterat
- University of Basel, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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97
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Dračínský M, Sejbal J, Rygerová B, Stiborová M. An efficient modification of ellipticine synthesis and preparation of 13-hydroxyellipticine. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.07.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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98
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Aimová D, Svobodová L, Kotrbová V, Mrázová B, Hodek P, Hudecek J, Václavíková R, Frei E, Stiborová M. The Anticancer Drug Ellipticine Is a Potent Inducer of Rat Cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2, Thereby Modulating Its Own Metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos 2007; 35:1926-34. [PMID: 17656468 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.107.016048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellipticine is an antineoplastic agent whose mode of action is based mainly on DNA intercalation, inhibition of topoisomerase II, and formation of covalent DNA adducts mediated by cytochromes P450 (P450s) and peroxidases. Here, this drug was found to induce CYP1A1 and/or 1A2 enzymes and their enzymatic activities in livers, lungs, and kidneys of rats treated (i.p.) with ellipticine. The induction is transient. In the absence of repeated administration of ellipticine, the levels and activities of the induced CYP1A decreased almost to the basal level 2 weeks after treatment. The ellipticine-mediated CYP1A induction increases the DNA adduct formation by the compound. When microsomal fractions from livers, kidneys, and lungs of rats treated with ellipticine were incubated with ellipticine, DNA adduct formation, measured by (32)P-postlabeling analysis, was up to 3.8-fold higher in incubations with microsomes from pretreated rats than with controls. The observed stimulation of DNA adduct formation by ellipticine was attributed to induction of CYP1A1 and/or 1A2-mediated increase in ellipticine oxidative activation to 13-hydroxy- and 12-hydroxyellipticine, the metabolites generating two major DNA adducts in human and rat livers. In addition to these metabolites, increased formation of the excretion products 9-hydroxy- and 7-hydroxyellipticine was also observed in microsomes of rats treated with ellipticine. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that by inducing CYP1A1/2, ellipticine increases its own metabolism, leading both to an activation of this drug to reactive species-forming DNA adducts and to detoxication metabolites, thereby modulating to some extent its pharmacological and/or genotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Aimová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Poljaková J, Frei E, Gomez JE, Aimová D, Eckschlager T, Hrabeta J, Stiborová M. DNA adduct formation by the anticancer drug ellipticine in human leukemia HL-60 and CCRF-CEM cells. Cancer Lett 2007; 252:270-9. [PMID: 17306925 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Accepted: 12/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ellipticine induces formation of two DNA adducts in leukemia HL-60 and CCRF-CEM cells, identical with deoxyguanosine adducts generated by ellipticine metabolites 13-hydroxyellipticine and 12-hydroxyellipticine in vitro and in vivo. The ellipticine cytotoxicity to HL-60 (IC(50)=0.64microM) and CCRF-CEM cells (IC(50)=4.7microM) correlates with levels of DNA adducts. The different expressions of enzymes activating ellipticine in cells explain this finding. While cytochrome P450 1A1 and cyclooxygenase-1 are expressed in both cells, HL-60 cells express also high levels of another activator, myeloperoxidase. The results suggest the adduct formation as a new mode of antitumor action of ellipticine for leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Poljaková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Shenoy S, Vasania VS, Gopal M, Mehta A. 8-Methly-4-(3-diethylaminopropylamino) pyrimido [4′,5′;4,5] thieno (2,3–b) quinoline (MDPTQ), a quinoline derivate that causes ROS-mediated apoptosis in leukemia cell lines. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2007; 222:80-8. [PMID: 17553538 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2006] [Revised: 04/04/2007] [Accepted: 04/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports the biological activity of 8-methyl-4-(3-diethylamino-propylamino) pyrimido [4';5';4,5] thieno (2,3-b) quinoline (MDPTQ), a quinoline derivative structurally related to ellipticine and suggests a possible mechanism through which the compound induces apoptosis in carcinoma cell lines. Out of the 8 cell lines used in the study as representatives of different types of cancer, MDPTQ was found to be effective only against leukemia cell lines (HL-60 and K-562) whereas it had no effect on normal human bone marrow cells (BMC) which were used as controls. Fall mitochondrial membrane potential and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) were mainly responsible for inducing apoptosis in the two cell lines. Cell death was demonstrated by increase in caspase 3 activity as well as phosphatidyl serine exposure. Pre-incubation with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduced the increased ROS and caspase 3 activity as well as phosphatidyl serine exposure. MDPTQ also caused cell cycle arrest in these cell lines. The above study for the first time reports the mode of action of a quinoline derivative, which could be a possible future candidate for leukemia therapy. However, there are lot of questions that need to be answered in terms of signalling pathways and its effects on animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudheer Shenoy
- Reliance Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Dhirubhai Ambani Life Sciences Centre, Thane-Belapur Road, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
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