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Bameri L, Sourinejad I, Ghasemi Z, Fazelian N. Toxicity of TiO 2 nanoparticles to the marine microalga Chaetoceros muelleri Lemmermann, 1898 under long-term exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:30427-30440. [PMID: 35000175 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) have been extensively used in industry, raising many concerns about their release into the aquatic environments. In marine ecosystems, microalgae are major primary producers; among them, Chaetoceros muelleri is an important microalga in the aquaculture industry as live feed. The impacts of TiO2NPs on the growth, photosynthetic pigments, protein and lipid contents, and the interaction of TiO2NPs with the cell wall of C. muelleri were investigated in the present study. Algal cells were exposed to concentrations of 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/L TiO2NPs for 10 days. There was a significant difference in the growth between the control and TiO2NPs treatments on each day. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of TiO2NPs on algal cells was found to be 10.08 and 5.01 mg/L on the 3rd and 10th days, respectively. The contents of chlorophyll a and c reduced significantly in the TiO2NPs-treated microalgae. TiO2NPs also reduced the protein and lipid contents in the treated microalgae, up to 13.02% and 47.6% respectively, at the highest concentration. The interaction of TiO2NPs with the C. muelleri cells was obvious based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, microscopic images, EDS, and Mapping analyses. Toxic effects of the released TiO2NPs can damage the stocks of C. muelleri as an important live feed in mariculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Bameri
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Iman Sourinejad
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Nasrin Fazelian
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Thiagarajan V, Seenivasan R, Jenkins D, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A. Mixture toxicity of TiO 2 NPs and tetracycline at two trophic levels in the marine ecosystem: Chlorella sp. and Artemia salina. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152241. [PMID: 34921881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing usage of both nanomaterials and pharmaceuticals and their unabated release to the marine ecosystem pose a serious concern nowadays. The toxicity of the mixture of TiO2 NPs and tetracycline (TC) in the marine species are not very well covered in prior literature. The current study explores the joint toxic effects of TiO2 NPs and TC in a simulated marine food chain: Chlorella sp. and Artemia salina. Chlorella sp. was interacted with pristine TiO2 NPs (0.05, 05, and 5 mg/L), TC (0.5 mg/L), and their combinations for 48 h. The toxicity induced in Chlorella sp. by pristine TiO2 NPs through oxidative stress and chloroplast damage was not significantly changed in the presence of TC. Principal component analysis for the toxicity parameters revealed a strong association between growth inhibition and adsorption/internalization. In the second trophic level (A. salina), the waterborne exposure of TC additively increased the toxicity of TiO2 NPs. Both adsorption and degradation played a major role in the removal of TC from the suspension, resulting in additive toxic effects in both Chlorella sp. and A. salina. Compared to the waterborne exposure, the foodborne exposure of TiO2 NPs and TC induced lesser toxic effects owing to reduced uptake and accumulation in A. salina. Biomagnification results indicate that the dietary transfer of TiO2 NPs and TC does not pose a serious environmental threat in this two-level marine food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Thiagarajan
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - R Seenivasan
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - David Jenkins
- Wolfson Nanomaterials & Devices Laboratory, School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - N Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India.
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Sorption of Fulvic Acids onto Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Extracted from Commercial Sunscreens: ToF-SIMS and High-Dimensional Data Analysis. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12030335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO2) are common ingredients of sunscreens and are often released into surface waters during usage. Once released, the surface chemistry of n-TiO2 changes by interacting with dissolved organic matter (DOM). In previous studies, these interactions were investigated using model n-TiO2 and; therefore, do not account for the complex composition of the coating of n-TiO2 aged in sunscreens. Taking advantage of a mild extraction method to provide more realistic nanoparticles, we investigated the potentials of time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) combined with high-dimensional data analysis to characterize the sorption of fulvic acids, as a model for DOM, on titanium dioxide nanoparticles extracted from ten different commercial sunscreens (n-TiO2 ⸦ sunscreen). Clustering analysis confirmed the ability of ToF-SIMS to detect the sorption of fulvic acids. Moreover, a unique sorption pattern was recognized for each n-TiO2 ⸦ sunscreen, which implied different fractionation of fulvic acids based on the initial specifications of nanoparticles, e.g., size, coating, etc. Furthermore, random forest was used to extract the most important fragments for predicting the presence of fulvic acids on the surface of n-TiO2 ⸦ sunscreen. Finally, we evaluate the potential of ToF-SIMS for characterizing the sorption layer.
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Zhao X, Yan J, Yang T, Xiong P, Zheng X, Lu Y, Jing K. Exploring engineering reduced graphene oxide-titanium dioxide (RGO-TiO 2) nanoparticles treatment to effectively enhance lutein biosynthesis with Chlorella sorokiniana F31 under different light intensity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126816. [PMID: 35134526 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Chlorella sorokiniana F31 is a promising lutein producer with high lutein content. Herein, different graphene/TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were designed and synthesized by hydrothermal method. Through the UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) analysis, the results showed that RGO-TiO2 NPs can effectively expand visible light absorption compared with TiO2 NPs. Subsequently, the effects of these NPs on light utilization and lutein accumulation of C. sorokiniana F31 were investigated, and the RGO-TiO2 NPs treatment exhibited the higher lutein production and content than that of TiO2 and control group. As the optimal RGO-TiO2 (0.5 wt%) NPs concentration of 50 mg/L and light intensity of 211 μmol/m2/s, the supreme lutein content (15.55 mg/g), production (77.2 mg/L) and productivity (12.87 mg/L/d) were achieved. The performances are higher than most of reported values in previous study, indicated that RGO-TiO2 (0.5 wt%) NPs treatment is a promised strategy to enhance microalgal growth and lutein accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunrui Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiangtao Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tongtong Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Pan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Xinjiang 831100, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yinghua Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Keju Jing
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Natarajan L, Jenifer MA, Chandrasekaran N, Suraishkumar GK, Mukherjee A. Polystyrene nanoplastics diminish the toxic effects of Nano-TiO 2 in marine algae Chlorella sp. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112400. [PMID: 34800532 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Widespread usage of nano-TiO2 in various commercial products and their consequent release into the seawater pose a severe threat to marine biota. Nanoplastics, a secondary pollutant in the marine environment, could influence adverse effects of nano-TiO2. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the influence of the differently functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics (COOH-PSNPs, NH2-PSNPs, and Plain-PSNPs) on the acute toxic effects of P25 nano-TiO2 in marine algae Chlorella sp. Three different concentrations of nano-TiO2, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L, mixed with 5 mg/L of the PSNPs were employed in this study. A substantial increase was noted in mean hydrodynamic sizes of nano-TiO2 when they were mixed with the PSNPs. This hetero-aggregation would reduce the bioavailability of the particles to the algae. The presence of the PSNPs in the mixture reduced the toxicity of nano-TiO2 significantly. A signficant decline in the oxidative stress parameters like total ROS, superoxide (), and hydroxyl radical generation was noted for the mixture of nano-TiO2 with the PSNPs in comparison with the pristine counterparts. The lipid peroxidation, and the antioxidant enzyme activities in the cells correlated well with the reactive species generation results. The treatments with the mixture resulted in notable enhancement in the esterase activity in the cells. The Independent Action model suggested antagonistic interactions between PSNPs and nano-TiO2. The results from this study clearly demonstrate that nano-TiO2 in presence of the PSNPs exerted significantly reduced cytotoxic effects in Chlorella sp, in comparison with the pristine particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokeshwari Natarajan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, India; Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Annie Jenifer
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - G K Suraishkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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Chen C, Pan Z. Postharvest processing of tree nuts: Current status and future prospects-A comprehensive review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1702-1731. [PMID: 35174625 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Tree nuts are important economic crops and are consumed as healthy snacks worldwide. In recent years, the increasing needs for more efficient and effective postharvest processing technologies have been driven by the growing production, higher quality standards, stricter food safety requirements, development of new harvesting methods, and demand to achieve energy saving and carbon neutralization. Among all, the technologies related to drying, disinfection, and disinfestation and downstream processes, such as blanching, kernel peeling, and roasting, are the most important processes influencing the quality and safety of the products. These processes make up the largest contribution to the energy consumptions and environmental impacts stemming from tree nut production. Although many studies have been conducted to improve the processing efficiency and sustainability, and preserve the product quality and safety, information from these studies is fragmented and a centralized review highlighting the important technology advancements of postharvest processing of tree nuts would benefit the industry. In this comprehensive review, almonds, walnuts, and pistachios are selected as the representative crops of tree nuts. Current statuses, recent advances, and ongoing challenges in the scientific research as well as in the industrial processing practices of these tree nuts are summarized. Some new perspectives and applications of tree nut processing waste and by-products (such as the hulls and shells) are also discussed. In addition, future trends and research needs are highlighted. The material presented here will help both stakeholders and scientists to better understand postharvest tree nut processing and provide technological recommendations to improve the efficiency and sustainability, product quality and safety, and competitiveness of the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Chen
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Zhongli Pan
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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58
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Zheng X, Xu Z, Zhao D, Luo Y, Lai C, Huang B, Pan X. Double-dose responses of Scenedesmus capricornus microalgae exposed to humic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150547. [PMID: 34582877 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been found to attenuate the ecotoxicity of various environmental pollutants, but research on its own toxic effects in aquatic ecosystems has been very limited. Herein, the toxic effects of humic acid (HA), a represent DOM typically found in natural waters, on the freshwater alga Scenedesmus capricornus were investigated. As result, HA exerted a double-dose effect on the growth of Scenedesmus capricornus. At HA concentrations below 2.0 mgC/L, the growth of Scenedesmus capricornus was slightly promoted, as was the synthesis of chlorophyll and macromolecules in the algae. Moreover, S. capricornus can maintain its growth by secreting fulvic acid as a nutrient carbon source. However, the growth of Scenedesmus capricornus was significantly inhibited when HA was beyond 2.0 mgC/L. The main mechanisms of humic acid's toxicity were membrane damage and oxidative stress. Particularly, when the oxidative stress exceeds the algae's carrying capacity, the synthesis of EPS is greatly inhibited and HA damage results. Taken together, DOM may have both positive and negative effects on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyao Zheng
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Dimeng Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yu Luo
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Chaochao Lai
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China.
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59
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Fan G, Lin X, You Y, Du B, Li X, Luo J. Magnetically separable ZnFe 2O 4/Ag 3PO 4/g-C 3N 4 photocatalyst for inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa: Characterization, performance and mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126703. [PMID: 34315026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water eutrophication leads to increasingly serious harmful algal blooms (HABs), which poses tremendous threats on aquatic environment and human health. In this work, a novel magnetically separable ZnFe2O4/Ag3PO4/g-C3N4 (ZFO/AP/CN) photocatalyst with double Z-scheme was constructed for Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) inactivation and Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) degradation under visible light. The photocatalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, XPS, FTIR, UV-vis, PL, and VSM. Approximately 96.33% of chlorophyll a was degraded by ZFO/AP/CN (100 mg/L) after 3 h of visible light irradiation. During the photocatalytic process, the malondialdehyde (MDA) of M. aeruginosa increased, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased initially and decreased afterwards. Furthermore, the photocatalytic removal efficiency of M. aeruginosa (OD680 ≈0.732) and MC-LR (0.2 mg/L) reached 94.31% and 76.92%, respectively, in the simultaneous removal of algae and algal toxin experiment. Reactive species scavenging experiments demonstrated that·O2- and·OH played key roles in inactivating M. aeruginosa and degrading MC-LR. The excellent recoverability and stability of ZFO/AP/CN were proved by cycling photocatalytic experiment which using magnetic recovery method. In summary, the synthesized magnetically separable ZFO/AP/CN photocatalyst has remarkable photocatalytic activity under visible light and shows promising potential for practical application of alleviating HABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China.
| | - Xin Lin
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Yifan You
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Banghao Du
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Fujian Jinhuang Environmental Sci-Tech Co., Ltd, 350002 Fujian, China
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Du X, Zhou W, Zhang W, Sun S, Han Y, Tang Y, Shi W, Liu G. Toxicities of three metal oxide nanoparticles to a marine microalga: Impacts on the motility and potential affecting mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118027. [PMID: 34428706 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the fast growth of the production and application of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), nanoparticles (NPs) that escape into the environment have drawn increasing attention due to their ecotoxicological impacts. Motile microalgae are a type of primary producer in most ecosystems; however, the impacts of NPs on the motility of microalgae have not been studied yet. So the toxic impacts of three common metal oxide NPs (nTiO2, nZnO, and nFe2O3) on swimming speed and locomotion mode of a marine microalgae, Platymonas subcordiformis, were investigated in this study. Our results demonstrated that both the velocity and linearity (LIN) of swimming were significantly decreased after the exposure of P. subcordiformis to the tested NPs. In addition, the obtained data indicate that NPs may suppress the motility of P. subcordiformis by constraining the energy available for swimming, as indicated by the significantly lower amounts of intracellular ATP and photosynthetic pigments and the lower activities of enzymes catalyzing glycolysis. Incubation of P. subcordiformis with the tested NPs generally resulted in the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), aggravation of lipid peroxidation, and induction of antioxidant enzyme activities, suggesting that imposing oxidative stress, which may impair the structural basis for swimming (i.e. the membrane of flagella), could be another reason for the observed motility suppression. Moreover, NP exposure led to significant reductions in the cell viability of P. subcordiformis, which may be due to the disruption of the energy supply (i.e., photosynthesis) and ROS-induced cellular damage. Our results indicate that waterborne NPs may pose a great threat to motile microalgae and subsequently to the health and stability of the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Du
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weixia Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shuge Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Wang SC, Gao ZY, Liu FF, Chen SQ, Liu GZ. Effects of polystyrene and triphenyl phosphate on growth, photosynthesis and oxidative stress of Chaetoceros meülleri. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:149180. [PMID: 34311354 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of microplastics to marine organisms has attracted much attention; however, studies of their effects on marine microalgae remain limited. Here, the effects of the single and combined toxicity of polystyrene (PS) and triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) on the cell growth, photosynthesis, and oxidative stress of Chaetoceros meülleri were investigated. PS inhibited growth of the algae cells and caused a dose-dependent effect on oxidative stress. The significantly high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced severe cell membrane damage, as confirmed by high fluorescence polarization. However, there was no obvious decrease in chlorophyll a content, and 80 mg/L of PS significantly promoted chlorophyll a synthesis. The TPhP also inhibited cell growth, except at low concentrations (0.2-0.8 mg/L), which stimulated algae growth over 48 h. Moreover, no obvious decrease in chlorophyll a and maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII was found in the TPhP experimental groups except for 3.2 mg/L TPhP, where the rapid light curves showed a significantly reduced photosynthetic capacity of algae. In addition, TPhP caused high ROS levels at 96 h, resulting in cell membrane damage. Using the additive index and independent action methods, the combined toxic effects of PS and TPhP on the algae were evaluated as antagonistic; however, cell membrane damage caused by high ROS levels was still noticeable. This study has shown the potential toxicity of PS and TPhP to marine microalgae, and provided insights into the combined risk assessment of TPhP and microplastics in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Chun Wang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yin Gao
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| | - Shi-Qiang Chen
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Guang-Zhou Liu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
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Sharan A, Nara S. Exposure-based ecotoxicity assessment of Co 3O 4 nanoparticles in marine microalgae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:54802-54810. [PMID: 34013415 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The exposure-effect study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Co3O4 nanoparticles on Tetraselmis suecica. The growth suppressing effect has been observed during the interaction between nanoparticles and microalgae as indicated by 72 h EC50 (effective concentration of a chemical at which 50% of its effect is observed) value (45.13±3.95 mg/L) of Co3O4 nanoparticles for Tetraselmis suecica. Decline in chlorophyll a content also indicated the compromised photosynthetic ability and physiological state of microalgae. Further biochemical investigation such as increase in extracellular LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) level, ROS (reactive oxygen species), and levels of membrane lipid peroxidation in treated samples signifies the compromised cellular health and membrane disintegration caused by nanoparticles. Parallel to this, the cell entrapment, membrane damage, and attachment of nanoparticles on cell surface were also visualized by SEM-EDX (scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray) microscopy. The overall results of this study clearly indicated that Co3O4 nanoparticles might have toxic effects on growth of marine microalgae and other aquatic life forms as well. Hence, release of Co3O4 nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystem and resulting ecotoxic effect should be broadly addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sharan
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, 211004, India
| | - Seema Nara
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, 211004, India.
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Basei G, Zabeo A, Rasmussen K, Tsiliki G, Hristozov D. A Weight of Evidence approach to classify nanomaterials according to the EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging Regulation criteria. NANOIMPACT 2021; 24:100359. [PMID: 35559818 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 GRACIOUS project (Grouping, Read-Across, Characterisation and classification framework for regulatory risk assessment of manufactured nanomaterials and Safer design of nano-enabled products), we proposed a quantitative Weight of Evidence (WoE) approach for hazard classification of nanomaterials (NMs). This approach is based on the requirements of the European Regulation on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (the CLP regulation), which implements the United Nations' Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (UN GHS) in the European Union. The goal of this WoE methodology is to facilitate classification of NMs according to CLP criteria, following the decision trees defined in ECHA's CLP regulatory guidance. In the WoE, results from heterogeneous studies are weighted according to data quality and completeness criteria, integrated, and then evaluated by expert judgment to obtain a hazard classification, resulting in a coherent and justifiable methodology. Moreover, the probabilistic nature of the proposed approach enables highlighting the uncertainty in the analysis. The proposed methodology involves the following stages: (1) collection of data for different NMs related to the endpoint of interest: each study related to each NM is referred as a Line of Evidence (LoE); (2) computation of weighted scores for each LoE: each LoE is weighted by a score calculated based on data quality and completeness criteria defined in the GRACIOUS project; (3) comparison and integration of the weighed LoEs for each NM: A Monte Carlo resampling approach is adopted to quantitatively and probabilistically integrate the weighted evidence; and (4) assignment of each NM to a hazard class: according to the results, each NM is assigned to one of the classes defined by the CLP regulation. Furthermore, to facilitate the integration and the classification of the weighted LoEs, an online R tool was developed. Finally, the approach was tested against an endpoint relevant to CLP (Aquatic Toxicity) using data retrieved from the eNanoMapper database, results obtained were consistent to results in REACH registration dossiers and in recent literature.
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Mao Y, Yu Y, Ma Z, Li H, Yu W, Cao L, He Q. Azithromycin induces dual effects on microalgae: Roles of photosynthetic damage and oxidative stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112496. [PMID: 34243111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems, posing a potential threat to the freshwater environment. However, the response mechanism of freshwater microalgae to antibiotics remains inadequately understood. Here, the impacts of azithromycin (a broadly used antibiotic) on microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa were systematically studied. The results revealed that high concentrations (5-100 μg/L) of azithromycin inhibited algal growth, with a 96-h half maximal effective concentration of 41.6 μg/L. Azithromycin could weaken the photosynthetic activities of algae by promoting heat dissipation, inhibiting the absorption and trapping of light energy, impairing the reaction centre, and blocking electron transfer beyond QA. The blockage of the electron transport chain in the photosynthetic process further induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The increases in the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione played important roles in antioxidant systems but were still not enough to scavenge the excessive ROS, thus resulting in the oxidative damage indicated by the elevated malondialdehyde level. Furthermore, azithromycin reduced the energy reserves (protein, carbohydrate and lipid) and impaired the cellular structure. In contrast, a hormesis effect on algal growth was found when exposed to low concentrations (0.5 and 1 μg/L) of azithromycin. Low concentrations of azithromycin could induce the activities of the PSII reaction centre by upregulating the mRNA expression of psbA. Additionally, increased chlorophyll b and carotenoids could improve the absorption of light energy and decrease oxidative damage, which further contributed to the increase in energy reserves (protein, carbohydrate and lipid). The risk quotients of azithromycin calculated in this study were higher than 1, suggesting that azithromycin could pose considerable ecological risks in real environments. The present work confirmed that azithromycin induced dual effects on microalgae, which provided new insight for understanding the ecological risk of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; Lingzhi Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Wuxi 214200, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zixin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Li Cao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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Wang W, Yang Y, Yang L, Luan T, Lin L. Effects of undissociated SiO 2 and TiO 2 nano-particles on molting of Daphnia pulex: Comparing with dissociated ZnO nano particles. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112491. [PMID: 34237643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The toxic effects of different nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported to be quite different. The present study exposed Daphnia pulex to undissociated TiO2 NPs and SiO2 NPs, and dissociated ZnO NPs. The acute toxicity of the three oxide NPs and their influence on D. pulex molting, as well as the expressions of genes related to molting, energy metabolism and genetic material expression were compared. The results showed that the toxicities of TiO2 NPs and SiO2 NPs to D. pulex were weaker than ZnO NPs. During the exposure period, agglomerates of undissociated TiO2 NPs and SiO2 NPs influenced movements of D. pulex, and induced their molting after attaching to the body surface. Meanwhile, gene expressions of molting (eip) and energy metabolism (scot and idh) were up-regulated. Therefore, we inferred that the adhering to the surface of daphnids, promoting their molting and improving their energy metabolism may be parts of the toxicity mechanisms of undissociated NPs to D. pulex. On the contrary, dissociated ZnO NPs inhibited molting and gene expressions of eip, scot and idh, which showed a similar trend as bulk ZnO and ZnSO4·7H2O under the low-dose exposure condition. This indicates that the toxic effects of dissociated ZnO NPs were primarily caused by released Zn ions. The results provided direct evidence about the effect of nanoparticles on molting and revealed that the toxicity mechanisms of dissociated NPs were different from undissociated NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wang
- School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuanzhu Yang
- School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lihua Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Effects of Nanoplastics on the Dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae Hulburt from the Perspectives of Algal Growth, Oxidative Stress and Hemolysin Production. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102471. [PMID: 34684912 PMCID: PMC8541305 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the effects of nanoplastics (NPs) on aquatic organisms have attracted much attention; however, research on the toxicity of NPs to microalgae has been insufficient. In the present study, the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (nano-PS, 50 nm) on growth inhibition, chlorophyll content, oxidative stress, and algal toxin production of the marine toxigenic dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae Hulburt were investigated. Chlorophyll synthesis was promoted by nano-PS on day 2 but was inhibited on day 4; high concentrations of nano-PS (≥50 mg/L) significantly inhibited the growth of A. carterae. Moreover, despite the combined effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), high reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were still induced by nano-PS (≥50 mg/L), indicating severe lipid peroxidation. In addition, the contents of extracellular and intracellular hemolytic toxins in nano-PS groups were significantly higher than those in control groups on days 2 and 8, except that those of extracellular hemolytic toxins in the 100 mg/L nano-PS group decreased on day 8 because of severe adsorption of hemolytic toxins to the nano-PS. Hence, the effects of nano-PS on A. carterae are closely linked to nano-PS concentration and surface properties and exposure time. These findings provide a deep understanding of the complex effects of NPs on toxigenic microalgae and present valuable data for assessing their environmental risks.
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Thiagarajan V, Alex SA, Seenivasan R, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A. Toxicity evaluation of nano-TiO 2 in the presence of functionalized microplastics at two trophic levels: Algae and crustaceans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147262. [PMID: 34088027 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rising use of contaminants such as nanoparticles and microplastics has taken a heavy toll on the marine environment. However, their combined toxic effects on the species across various trophic levels remain quite unexplored. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of three surface-functionalized (carboxylated, plain, and aminated) polystyrene microplastics on nano-TiO2 toxicity across two trophic levels containing Chlorella sp. as the prey and Artemia salina as the predator. The experiments carried out on Chlorella sp. include the toxicity assessment, oxidative stress determination, and uptake of nano-TiO2 (both in the presence and absence of microplastics). Results revealed that the aminated and plain polystyrene microplastics enhanced nano-TiO2 toxicity, while carboxylated microplastics decreased the toxic effects in Chlorella sp. On the other hand, toxicity assessment in Artemia salina was carried out using two different modes of exposure: aqueous and dietary routes. The aqueous route involving the direct exposure of nano-TiO2 and microplastics indicated greater toxicity, uptake, and accumulation in Artemia salina than the dietary route of exposure. Since dietary exposure decreased the toxicity, uptake, and accumulation of nano-TiO2, no change (p > 0.05) in the biomagnification factors of nano-TiO2 was noted for all the test concentrations of nano-TiO2 combined with and without microplastics. The computed values were less than 1, indicating negligible transfer of nano-TiO2 from Chlorella sp. to Artemia salina. Overall, the study highlights the two-level trophic toxicity and the transfer potential of nano-TiO2 under the influence of different microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Thiagarajan
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - Sruthi Ann Alex
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - R Seenivasan
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India.
| | - N Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India.
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Yang W, Gao P, Li H, Huang J, Zhang Y, Ding H, Zhang W. Mechanism of the inhibition and detoxification effects of the interaction between nanoplastics and microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:146919. [PMID: 33866172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Most previous studies have focused on the toxicity of microplastics on aquatic organisms. However, research on nanoplastics is still limited and poses significant threat to aquatic organisms than microplastics. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of nanoplastics (80 nm) on the microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. One unanticipated finding was that inhibition and detoxification effects existed in the interaction between nanoplastics and C. pyrenoidosa. Nanoplastics contributed the maximum inhibition rates of 27.73%, 29.64%, and 11.76% on algal growth, chlorophyll a, and Fv/Fm, respectively, which were much higher than those of microplastics. However, the inhibitory effect of nanoplastics gradually decreased with prolonged exposure time after reaching a maximum. The transcriptomic analysis explained that the inhibition effect of nanoplastics was due to the blockage of the gene expression of aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and the synthesis of related enzymes and proteins at low concentrations (10 mg·L-1). Moreover, it affected DNA damage repair and hindered photosynthesis at high concentrations (50 mg·L-1). The detoxification phenomenon is attributed to the promotion of cell proliferation, the acceleration of the degradation of damaged proteins and organs, and the regulation of intracellular osmotic pressure in algae. The results of this study provide an understanding of the mechanism underlying the interaction between nanoplastics and microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Yang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huixiang Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Huijun Ding
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, PR China
| | - Weihao Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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Adochite C, Andronic L. Toxicity of a Binary Mixture of TiO 2 and Imidacloprid Applied to Chlorella vulgaris. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157785. [PMID: 34360075 PMCID: PMC8345346 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have applications in various fields such as manufacturing and materials synthesis, the environment, electronics, energy harvesting, and medicine. Besides many applications of nanoparticles, further research is required for toxic environmental effect investigation. The toxic effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the physiology of the green alga Chlorella vulgaris was studied with a widely used pesticide, imidacloprid (IMD). Chlorella vulgaris was exposed for 120 h in Bold's basal medium to different toxic compounds, such as (i) a high concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles, 150-2000 mg/L, usually optimised in the photocatalytic degradation of wastewater, (ii) an extremely toxic pesticide for the aquatic environment, imidacloprid, in concentrations ranging from 5 to 40 mg/L, (iii) TiO2 nanoparticles combined with imidacloprid, usually used in a photocatalytic system. The results show that the TiO2 nanoparticles and IMD inhibited Chlorella vulgaris cell growth and decreased the biovolume by approximately 80% when 2 g/L TiO2 was used, meaning that the cells devised a mechanism to cope with a potentially stressful situation; 120 h of Chlorella vulgaris exposure to 40 mg/L of IMD resulted in a 16% decreased cell diameter and a 41% decrease in cell volume relative to the control sample, associated with the toxic effect of pesticides on the cells. Our study confirms the toxicity of nanoparticles through algal growth inhibition with an effective concentration (EC50) value measured after 72 h of 388.14 mg/L for TiO2 and 13 mg/L for IMD in a single-toxic system. The EC50 of TiO2 slowly decreased from 258.42 to 311.11 mg/L when IMD from 5 to 20 mg/L was added to the binary-toxic system. The concentration of TiO2 in the binary-toxic system did not change the EC50 for IMD, and its value was 0.019 g/L. The photodegradation process of imidacloprid (range of 5-40 mg/L) was also investigated in the algal medium incubated with 150-600 mg/L of titanium dioxide.
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70
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Otogo RA, Chia MA, Uyovbisere EE, Iortsuun DN, Bittencourt-Oliveira MDC. Effect of ultraviolet radiation (type B) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the interspecific interaction between Microcystis flos-aquae and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146561. [PMID: 34030274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have led to the depletion of the ultraviolet radiation screening ozone layer, exposing aquatic biota to its harmful effects. Also, the rising applications of nanotechnology are resulting in the release and contamination of aquatic ecosystems with engineered nanometals like titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2). The rise in ultraviolet radiation interacts with nanometals, increasing their bioactivities to susceptible aquatic organisms such as algae and cyanobacteria. The effect of ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) and nTiO2 on Microcystis flos-aquae and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata during inter-specific interaction was investigated. The specific growth rate (d-1) of M. flos-aquae exposed to nTiO2 increased significantly under monoculture conditions but was suppressed during co-culture with P. subcapitata. Contrarily, UVB stimulated the growth of the cyanobacterium regardless of the presence or absence of the green microalgae. However, there was a general decline in the growth of P. subcapitata following cultivation with M. flos-aquae and exposure to UVB and nTiO2. The chlorophyll-a and total chlorophyll content of the monocultures of M. flos-aquae exposed to nTiO2 increased while other co-culture treatments significantly decreased these parameters. The experimental treatments, UVB, nTiO2, and UVB + nTiO2 had differential effects on the pigment content of P. subcapitata. The total protein content, intracellular H2O2, peroxidase (POD), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity of both M. flos-aquae and P. subcapitata increased at varying degrees as a function of the treatment condition. Microcystin content was highest in co-cultures exposed to UVB. The results of this study suggest that increasing levels of nTiO2 and UVB significantly alter the growth and cellular metabolic activity of M. flos-aquae and P. subcapitata, but the cyanobacterium will probably be favored by increasing UVB levels and its interaction with nanometals like nTiO2 in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria do Carmo Bittencourt-Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, São Dimas, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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71
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Javanshir Khoei A, Rezaei K. Toxicity of titanium nano-oxide nanoparticles (TiO2) on the pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas: immunity and antioxidant defence. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1864649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Javanshir Khoei
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kiadokht Rezaei
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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72
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Mai Z, Liu D, Chen Z, Lin D, Zheng W, Dong X, Gao Q, Zhou W. Fabrication and Application of Photocatalytic Composites and Water Treatment Facility Based on 3D Printing Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2196. [PMID: 34279340 PMCID: PMC8272020 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater by photocatalytic technology has attracted great attention. In this study, a new type of 3D printing material with photocatalytic activity was first prepared to print a water treatment equipment, and then a layer of silver-loaded TiO2 was coated on the equipment to further improve the catalytic degradation performance. The composite filaments with a diameter of 1.75 ± 0.05 mm were prepared by a melt blending method, which contained 10 wt% of modified TiO2 and 90 wt% of PLA. The silver-loaded TiO2 was uniformly coated on the equipment through a UV-curing method. The final results showed that those modified particles were uniformly dispersed in the PLA matrix. The stable printing composite filaments could be produced when 10 wt% TiO2 was added to the PLA matrix. Moreover, the photocatalytic degradation performance could be effectively improved after 5 wt% of silver loading was added. This novel facility showed good degradability of organic compounds in wastewater and bactericidal effect, which had potential applications for the drinking water treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Mai
- Biomass 3D Printing Materials Research Center, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Di Liu
- Biomass 3D Printing Materials Research Center, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ziyao Chen
- Biomass 3D Printing Materials Research Center, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dongsong Lin
- Biomass 3D Printing Materials Research Center, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenxu Zheng
- Biomass 3D Printing Materials Research Center, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xianming Dong
- Biomass 3D Printing Materials Research Center, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiongzhi Gao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wuyi Zhou
- Biomass 3D Printing Materials Research Center, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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73
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Current Progress on Marine Microplastics Pollution Research: A Review on Pollution Occurrence, Detection, and Environmental Effects. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13121713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, microplastics pollution has attracted much attention in the environmental field, as researchers have found traces of microplastics in both marine and terrestrial ecological environments. Here, we reviewed and discussed the current progress on microplastics pollution in the marine environment from three main aspects including their identification and qualification methods, source and distribution, and fate and toxicity in a marine ecosystem. Microplastics in the marine environment originate from a variety of sources and distribute broadly all around the world, but their quantitative information is still lacking. Up to now, there have been no adequate and standard methods to identify and quantify the various types of microplastics, which need to be developed and unified. The fate of microplastics in the environment is particularly important as they may be transferred or accumulated in the biological chain. Meanwhile, microplastics may have a high adsorption capacity to pollutants, which is the basic research to further study their fate and joint toxicity in the environment. Therefore, all the findings are expected to fill the knowledge gaps in microplastics pollution and promote the development of relative regulations.
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74
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Li Z, Hu M, Song H, Lin D, Wang Y. Toxic effects of nano-TiO 2 in bivalves-A synthesis of meta-analysis and bibliometric analysis. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 104:188-203. [PMID: 33985722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the increasing production and application of nano-TiO2 in consumer products have inevitably led to its release into aquatic systems and therefore caused the exposure of aquatic organisms, resulting in growing environmental concerns. However, the safety of nano-TiO2 in aquatic environments has not been systematically assessed, especially in coastal and estuary waters where a large number of filter-feeding animals live. Bivalves are considered around the world to be a unique target group for nanoparticle toxicity, and numerous studies have been conducted to test the toxic effects of nano-TiO2 on bivalves. The aim of this review was to systematically summarize and analyze published data concerning the toxicological effects of nano-TiO2 in bivalves. In particular, the toxicity of nano-TiO2 to the antioxidant system and cell physiology was subjected to meta-analysis to reveal the mechanism of the toxicological effects of nano-TiO2 and the factors affecting its toxicological effects. To reveal the cooperation, hot keywords and co-citations in this field, bibliometric analysis was conducted, and the results showed that the toxicological molecular mechanisms of nano-TiO2 and the combined effects of nano-TiO2 and other environmental factors are two major hot spots. Finally, some perspectives and insights were provided in this review for future research on nano-TiO2 toxicology in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqing Li
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hanting Song
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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75
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Zhao L, Xu K, Juneau P, Huang P, Lian Y, Zheng X, Zhong Q, Zhang W, Xiao F, Wu B, Yan Q, He Z. Light modulates the effect of antibiotic norfloxacin on photosynthetic processes of Microcystis aeruginosa. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 235:105826. [PMID: 33862333 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Norfloxacin is one of the widely used antibiotics, often detected in aquatic ecosystems, and difficultly degraded in the environment. However, how norfloxacin affects the photosynthetic process of freshwater phytoplankton is still largely unknown, especially under varied light conditions. In this study, we investigated photosynthetic mechanisms of Microcystis aeruginosa in responses to antibiotic norfloxacin (0-50 μg/L) for 72 h under low (LL; 50 μmol photons m-2 s-1) and high (HL; 250 μmol photons m-2 s-1) growth light regimes. We found that environmentally related concentrations of norfloxacin inhibited the growth rate and operational quantum yield of photosynthesis system II (PSII) of M. aeruginosa more under HL than under LL, suggesting HL increased the toxicity of norfloxacin to M. aeruginosa. Further analyses showed that norfloxacin deactivated PSII reaction centers under both growth light regimes with increased minimal fluorescence yields only under HL, suggesting that norfloxacin not only damaged reaction centers of PSII, but also inhibited energy transfer among phycobilisomes in M. aeruginosa under HL. However, non-photosynthetic quenching decreased in the studied species by norfloxacin exposure under both growth light regimes, suggesting that excess energy might not be efficiently dissipated as heat. Also, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) content increased under norfloxacin treatments with a higher ROS content under HL compared to LL. In addition, HL increased the absorption of norfloxacin by M. aeruginosa, which could partly explain the high sensitivity to norfloxacin of M. aeruginosa under HL. This study firstly reports that light can strongly affect the toxicity of norfloxacin to M. aeruginosa, and has vitally important implications for assessing the toxicity of norfloxacin to aquatic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zhao
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kui Xu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, GRIL-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Peihuan Huang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingli Lian
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiafei Zheng
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiuping Zhong
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fanshu Xiao
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingyun Yan
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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76
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Xin X, Huang G, Zhang B. Review of aquatic toxicity of pharmaceuticals and personal care products to algae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124619. [PMID: 33248823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) have been frequently detected in the environment around the world. Algae play a significant role in aquatic ecosystem, thus the influence on algae may affect the life of higher trophic organisms. This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of current research on the toxicity of PPCPs to algae. Nanoparticles, contained in personal care products, also have been considered as the ingredients of PPCPs. PPCPs could cause unexpected effects on algae and their communities. Chlorophyta and diatoms are more accessible and sensitive to PPCPs. Multiple algal endpoints should be considered to provide a complete evaluation on PPCPs toxicity. The toxicity of organic ingredients in PPCPs could be predicted through quantitative structure-activity relationship model, whereas the toxicity of nanoparticles could be predicted with limitations. Light irradiation can change the toxicity through affecting algae and PPCPs. pH and natural organic matter can affect the toxicity through changing the existence of PPCPs. For joint and tertiary toxicity, experiments could be conducted to reveal the toxic mechanism. For multiple compound mixture toxicity, concentration addition and independent addition models are preferred. However, there has no empirical models to study nanoparticle-contained mixture toxicity. Algae-based remediation is an emerging technology to prevent the release of PPCPs from water treatment plants. Although many individual algal species are identified for removing a few compounds from PPCPs, algal-bacterial photobioreactor is a preferable alternative, with higher chances for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaying Xin
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Civil Engineering, Memorial University, NL A1B 3X5, St. John's Canada; Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Regina, Canada
| | - Gordon Huang
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Regina, Canada.
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Civil Engineering, Memorial University, NL A1B 3X5, St. John's Canada.
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77
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Fan G, Chen Z, Yan Z, Du B, Pang H, Tang D, Luo J, Lin J. Efficient integration of plasmonic Ag/AgCl with perovskite-type LaFeO 3: Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for removal of harmful algae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:125018. [PMID: 33422753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.125018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A novel plasmonic Ag/AgCl@LaFeO3 (ALFO) photocatalyst was successfully synthesized by a simple in-situ synthesis method with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light for harmful algal blooms (HABs) control. The structure, morphology, chemical states, optical and electrochemical properties of the photocatalyst were systematically investigated using a series of characterization methods. Compared with pure LaFeO3 and Ag/AgCl, ALFO-20% owned a higher light absorption capacity and lower electron-hole recombined rate. Therefore, ALFO-20% had higher photocatalytic activity with a near 100% removal rate of chlorophyll a within 150 min, whose kinetic constant was 15.36 and 9.61 times faster than those of LaFeO3 and Ag/AgCl. In addition, the changes of zeta potential, cell membrane permeability, cell morphology, organic matter, total soluble protein, photosynthetic system and antioxidant enzyme system in Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) were studied to explore the mechanism of M. aeruginosa photocatalytic inactivation. The results showed that ALFO-20% could change the permeability and morphology of the algae cell membrane, as well as destroy the photosynthesis system and antioxidant system of M. aeruginosa. What's more, ALFO could further degrade the organic matters flowed out after algae rupture and die, reducing the secondary pollution and avoiding the recurrence of HABs. Finally, the species of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (mainly •O2- and •OH) produced by ALFO were determined through quenching experiments, and a possible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed. Overall, ALFO can efficiently remove the harmful algae under the visible light, providing a promising method for controlling HABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhong Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, PR China.
| | - Banghao Du
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, PR China
| | - Heliang Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Dingsheng Tang
- CCCC First Highway Engineering Group Xiamen Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Jing Luo
- Fujian Jinhuang Environmental Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., 350002, Fujian, PR China
| | - Jiuyang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, School of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
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78
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Ellis LJA, Kissane S, Hoffman E, Valsami-Jones E, Brown JB, Colbourne JK, Lynch I. Multigenerational Exposure to Nano‐TiO
2
Induces Ageing as a Stress Response Mitigated by Environmental Interactions. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Jayne A. Ellis
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Stephen Kissane
- Environmental Transcriptomics Facility School of Biosciences University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Elijah Hoffman
- Genome Dynamics Department Life Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Eugenia Valsami-Jones
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - James B. Brown
- Environmental Transcriptomics Facility School of Biosciences University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Genome Dynamics Department Life Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - John K. Colbourne
- Environmental Transcriptomics Facility School of Biosciences University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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79
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Mao S, Liu H, Li J, Guo Y, Ma W, Qi PZ, Qu C. Can Swimming Microalgal Cells be Vehicles for ZnO Nanoparticle Transportation and Thus Lead to Zn Diffusion? BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 106:637-646. [PMID: 33538841 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of eco-toxic zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) in aquatic ecosystems is increasing, and an effective method for their removal is needed. We hypothesize that microalgal cells may act as nZnO vehicles-if the nZnO concentration does not affect their swimming ability-enabling Zn diffusion and sedimentation. We conducted experiments using flasks connected via a U-type vessel; the first flask contained nZnO suspensions and second flask contained artificial seawater, respectively. We added microalgae to the first flask and illuminated the second. The microalgae appeared to promote sedimentation. However, only a few microalgal cells passed via phototaxis into the second flask, so the detection of nZnO or Zn ions in the second flask was not possible. Therefore, to confirm whether the microalgae affect Zn transportation, a more accurate method to detect nZnO or Zn ions at very low concentrations is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mao
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, No.1 Haida South Road, Changzhi Island, Zhoushan, 316022, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control & Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, No. 16 Guilin North Road, Huangshi, 435003, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiji Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, No.1 Haida South Road, Changzhi Island, Zhoushan, 316022, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Informatization of Habitat Monitoring and Fishery Resource Conservation Research in the East China Sea of Zhejiang Province, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, No.1 Haida South Road, Changzhi Island, Zhoushan, 316022, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yahong Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, No.1 Haida South Road, Changzhi Island, Zhoushan, 316022, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ma
- Huaihe River Basin Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, No. 500 Zhihuai Road, Bengbu, 233001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhi Qi
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, No.1 Haida South Road, Changzhi Island, Zhoushan, 316022, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengkai Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, No. 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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80
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Xu K, Li Z, Juneau P, Xiao F, Lian Y, Zhang W, Shu L, Jiang H, Zhang K, Wang C, Wang S, Yan Q, He Z. Toxic and protective mechanisms of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. in response to titanium dioxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:116508. [PMID: 33516953 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An increasing production and use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) pose a huge threat to phytoplankton since they are largely released into aquatic environments, which represent a sink for TiO2 NPs. However, toxicity and protective mechanisms of cyanobacteria in response to TiO2 NPs remain elusive. Here we investigated toxic effects of two sizes of TiO2 NPs (50 and 10 nm) and one bulk TiO2 (200 nm) on a cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. and their possible protective mechanisms. We found that 10 nm TiO2 NPs caused significant growth and photosynthesis inhibition in Synechocystis sp. cells, largely reflected in decreased growth rate (38%), operational PSII quantum yields (40%), phycocyanin (51%) and allophycocyanin (63%), and increased reactive oxygen species content (245%), superoxide dismutase activity (46%). Also, transcriptomic analysis of Synechocystis sp. exposure to 10 nm TiO2 NPs showed the up-regulation of D1 and D2 protein genes (psbA and psbD), ferredoxin gene (petF) and F-type ATPase genes (e.g., atpB), and the down-regulation of psbM and psb28-2 in PS II. We further proposed a conceptual model to explore possible toxic and protective mechanisms for Synechocystis sp. under TiO2 nanoparticle exposure. This study provides mechanistic insights into our understanding of Synechocystis sp. responses to TiO2 NPs. This is essential for more accurate environmental risk assessment approaches of nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems by governmental environmental agencies worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Xu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, GRIL - EcotoQ - TOXEN, Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Laboratory, Université Du Québec à Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fanshu Xiao
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingli Lian
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Longfei Shu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; South China Sea Institution, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Shanquan Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyun Yan
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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81
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Al-Ammari A, Zhang L, Yang J, Wei F, Chen C, Sun D. Toxicity assessment of synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles in fresh water algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and a zebrafish liver cell line. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111948. [PMID: 33486380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the toxicity of the commonly-spread titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) by evaluating the exposure impact of the particles on both freshwater algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL), the two common in vitro models in toxicological studies. To compare the toxic effects of TiO2 NPs with different physiochemical properties, three types of manufactured TiO2 were used: bulk TiO2, Degussa P25 TiO2, and ultrafine TiO2 NPs. Both short and long-term biological responses of green algae, such as the effect on the cell growth rate, pigment autofluorescence, and esterase activity were investigated. The dosage, physical property of TiO2 particles, and their interactions with algal cells affect cellular growth, especially after short-term exposure. The hydrodynamic size plays a critical role in determining the acute toxicity to C. pyrenoidosa in terms of autofluorescence and esterase activity, while all types of TiO2 NPs show toxic effects after exposure for 14 days. However, this observation is not seen when studying the effect of introduced particles in ZFL, for the precipitated Degussa P25 TiO2 showed the highest cellular inhibition. Interestingly, despite the obvious overall toxicity toward C. pyrenoidosa, the photocatalytical properties of TiO2 NPs may contribute to the enhanced photosynthesis in the low concentration range (<40 µg mL-1). Overall, we found that the physical interactions between TiO2 particles and the cells, particles' size and dispersibility play critical role in the cytotoxic effect for both algal and ZFL cells, while the photocatalytical properties of TiO2 particles may produce mixed effects on the cytotoxicity of green algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Al-Ammari
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiazhi Yang
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Chuntao Chen
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Dongping Sun
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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82
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Zhao Z, Xu L, Wang Y, Li B, Zhang W, Li X. Toxicity mechanism of silver nanoparticles to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: photosynthesis, oxidative stress, membrane permeability, and ultrastructure analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:15032-15042. [PMID: 33222069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are widely used in daily life and inevitably discharged into the aquatic environment, causing increasingly serious pollution. Research on the toxicity of Ag-NPs is still in infancy, little information is available on the relationships between oxidative stress and antioxidant, as well as damaging degrees of Ag-NPs to cellular structural components of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtiii). In the present study, we revealed the toxicity mechanism of C. reinhardtii under Ag-NPs stress using flow cytometry (FCM), metabolic methods, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the chloroplasts were damaged and the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments was inhibited under Ag-NPs stress, which inhibited the growth of C. reinhardtii. Meanwhile, Ag-NPs also caused C. reinhardtii to produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased malondialdehyde content and changed the permeability of cell membrane, resulting in the acceleration of internalization of Ag-NPs. The decrease of cell size and intracellular chlorophyll autofluorescence was observed with FCM. To deal with the induced excessive ROS that could lead to lethal and irreversible structure damage, C. reinhardtii activated antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. This study provides new information for better understanding the potential toxicity risks of Ag-NPs in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Zhao
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Limei Xu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Bihan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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83
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Ahamed A, Liang L, Lee MY, Bobacka J, Lisak G. Too small to matter? Physicochemical transformation and toxicity of engineered nTiO 2, nSiO 2, nZnO, carbon nanotubes, and nAg. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124107. [PMID: 33035908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) refer to a relatively novel class of materials that are increasingly prevalent in various consumer products and industrial applications - most notably for their superlative physicochemical properties when compared with conventional materials. However, consumer products inevitably degrade over the course of their lifetime, releasing ENMs into the environment. These ENMs undergo physicochemical transformations and subsequently accumulate in the environment, possibly leading to various toxic effects. As a result, a significant number of studies have focused on identifying the possible transformations and environmental risks of ENMs, with the objective of ensuring a safe and responsible application of ENMs in consumer products. This review aims to consolidate the results from previous studies related to each stage of the pathway of ENMs from being embodied in a product to disintegration/transformation in the environment. The scope of this work was defined to include the five most prevalent ENMs based on recent projected production market data, namely: nTiO2, nSiO2, nZnO, carbon nanotubes, and nAg. The review focuses on: (i) models developed to estimate environmental concentrations of ENMs; (ii) the possible physicochemical transformations; (iii) cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects specific to each ENM selected; and (iv) a discussion to identify potential gaps in the studies conducted and recommend areas where further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashiq Ahamed
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Lili Liang
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore
| | - Ming Yang Lee
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Johan Bobacka
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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84
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Soares EV, Soares HMVM. Harmful effects of metal(loid) oxide nanoparticles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1379-1394. [PMID: 33521847 PMCID: PMC7847763 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of nanomaterials (NMs), including metal(loid) oxide (MOx) nanoparticles (NPs), in the most diversified consumer products, has grown enormously in recent decades. Consequently, the contact between humans and these materials increased, as well as their presence in the environment. This fact has raised concerns and uncertainties about the possible risks of NMs to human health and the adverse effects on the environment. These concerns underline the need and importance of assessing its nanosecurity. The present review focuses on the main mechanisms underlying the MOx NPs toxicity, illustrated with different biological models: release of toxic ions, cellular uptake of NPs, oxidative stress, shading effect on photosynthetic microorganisms, physical restrain and damage of cell wall. Additionally, the biological models used to evaluate the potential hazardous of nanomaterials are briefly presented, with particular emphasis on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as an alternative model in nanotoxicology. An overview containing recent scientific advances on cellular responses (toxic symptoms exhibited by yeasts) resulting from the interaction with MOx NPs (inhibition of cell proliferation, cell wall damage, alteration of function and morphology of organelles, presence of oxidative stress bio-indicators, gene expression changes, genotoxicity and cell dead) is critically presented. The elucidation of the toxic modes of action of MOx NPs in yeast cells can be very useful in providing additional clues about the impact of NPs on the physiology and metabolism of the eukaryotic cell. Current and future trends of MOx NPs toxicity, regarding their possible impacts on the environment and human health, are discussed. KEY POINTS: • The potential hazardous effects of MOx NPs are critically reviewed. • An overview of the main mechanisms associated with MOx NPs toxicity is presented. • Scientific advances about yeast cell responses to MOx NPs are updated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo V Soares
- Bioengineering Laboratory-CIETI, ISEP-School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal.
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Helena M V M Soares
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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Abbas Q, Yousaf B, Mujtaba Munir MA, Cheema AI, Hussain I, Rinklebe J. Biochar-mediated transformation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles concerning TiO 2NPs-biochar interactions, plant traits and tissue accumulation to cell translocation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116077. [PMID: 33338960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) application in variety of commercial products would likely release these NPs into the environment. The interaction of TiO2NPs with terrestrial plants upon uptake can disturb plants functional traits and can also transfer to the food chain members. In this study, we investigated the impact of TiO2NPs on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants functional traits, primary macronutrients assimilation, and change in the profile of bio-macromolecule. Moreover, the mechanism of biochar-TiO2NPs interaction, immobilization, and tissue accumulation to cell translocation of NPs in plants was also explored. The results indicated that the contents of Ti in wheat tissues was reduced about 3-fold and the Ti transfer rate (per day) was reduced about 2 fold at the 1000 mg L-1 exposure level of TiO2NPs in biochar amended exposure medium. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with elemental mapping confirmed that Ti concentrated in plant tissues in nano-form. The interactive effect of TiO2NPs + biochar amendment on photosynthesis related and gas exchange traits was observed at relatively low TiO2NPs exposure level (200 mg L-1), which induced the positive impact on wheat plants proliferation. TiO2NPs alone exposure to wheat also modified the plant's bio-macromolecules profile with the reduction in the assimilation of primary macronutrients, which could affect the food crop nutritional value and quality. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) chemical analysis of biochar + TiO2NPs showed an additional peak, which indicated the binding interaction of NPs with biochar. Moreover, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that the biochar carboxyl group is the main functionality involved in the bonding process with TiO2NPs. These findings will help for a mechanistic understanding of the role of biochar in the reduction of NPs bioavailability to primary producers of the terrestrial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qumber Abbas
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China; Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China; Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
| | - Mehr Ahmed Mujtaba Munir
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Ayesha Imtiyaz Cheema
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Imran Hussain
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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86
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Tarrahi R, Mahjouri S, Khataee A. A review on in vivo and in vitro nanotoxicological studies in plants: A headlight for future targets. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111697. [PMID: 33396028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the unique properties and useful applications in numerous fields, nanomaterials (NMs) received a great attention. The mass production of NMs has raised major concern for the environment. Recently, some altered growth patterns in plants have been reported due to the plant-NMs interactions. However, for NMs safe applications in agriculture and medicine, a comprehensive understanding of bio-nano interactions is crucial. The main goal of this review article is to summarize the results of the toxicological studies that have shown the in vitro and in vivo interactions of NMs with plants. The toxicity mechanisms are briefly discussed in plants as the defense mechanism works to overcome the stress caused by NMs implications. Indeed, the impact of NMs on plants varies significantly with many factors including physicochemical properties of NMs, culture media, and plant species. To investigate the impacts, dose metrics is an important analysis for assaying toxicity and is discussed in the present article to broadly open up different aspects of nanotoxicological investigations. To access reliable quantification and measurement in laboratories, standardized methodologies are crucial for precise dose delivery of NMs to plants during exposure. Altogether, the information is significant to researchers to describe restrictions and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Tarrahi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, 14496-14535 Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mahjouri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran; Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation.
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87
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Wang S, Li Q, Huang S, Zhao W, Zheng Z. Single and combined effects of microplastics and lead on the freshwater algae Microcystis aeruginosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111664. [PMID: 33396174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the pollution of microplastics (MPs) in the global freshwater environment has become increasingly problematic, but there are few studies on the freshwater environment risks of MPs. The present study, therefore, has investigated the single and combined effects of MPs and lead (Pb) on the freshwater algal Microcystis aeruginosa. Results showed that Pb-only (>0.05 mg·L-1) promoted the growth of algal cells, while MPs-only (1 mg L-1) resulted in growth inhibition. However, compared with the corresponding concentration of Pb-only groups, the growth of algal cells was promoted in MPs + Pb treatments. MPs-only and Pb-only (0.5 mg L-1) both reduced the content of photosynthetic pigments and affected algal photosynthesis. The MPs-only treatment and MPs + Pb2+ (no pretreatment, 0.5 mg L-1 Pb2+) treatments showed significant cell aggregation. At the same time, MPs-only caused a significant increase in bound extracellular polysaccharides (bEPS), while 0.5 mg L-1 Pb reduced bEPS. Furthermore, under high Pb stress (0.5 mg L-1), the effects of combined MPs and Pb on chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity (peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT)), and damage to algal cells were less compared to individual effects, and the combination of MPs and Pb had a synergistic effect on promoting aggregations of M. aeruginosa. These results demonstrate that single and combined effects of MPs and Pb can induce differential responses in the freshwater algal M. aeruginosa, which can have a significant impact on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Suzhen Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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88
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Li Z, Juneau P, Lian Y, Zhang W, Wang S, Wang C, Shu L, Yan Q, He Z, Xu K. Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Photosynthetic and Antioxidative Processes of Scenedesmus obliquus. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121748. [PMID: 33321890 PMCID: PMC7763043 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the photocatalytic toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticle (nano-TiO2) on phytoplankton are well understood. However, as UV light intensity decreases sharply with the depth of the water column, the effects of nano-TiO2 itself on deeper water phytoplankton, such as green algae, need further research. In this research, we investigated the effects of three sizes of TiO2 (10, 50 and 200 nm) on the photosynthetic and antioxidative processes of Scenedesmus obliquus in the absence of UV light. We found that 50 nm and 10 nm TiO2 (10 mg/L) inhibited growth rates and the maximal photosystem II quantum yield compared to the control in Scenedesmus obliquus. The minimal and maximal fluorescence yields, and the contents of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, increased, indicating that photosynthetic energy/electrons transferred to oxygen and induced oxidative stress in nano-TiO2-treated samples. In addition, we found that aggregations of algae and 10 nm TiO2 were present, which could induce cell membrane disruption, and vacuoles were induced to cope with nano-TiO2 stress in Scenedesmus obliquus. These results enhance our understanding of the effects of nano-TiO2 on the photosynthetic and antioxidative processes of green algae, and provide basic information for evaluating the ecotoxicity of nano-TiO2 in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, GRIL-EcotoQ-TOXEN, Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada;
| | - Yingli Lian
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Shanquan Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Cheng Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Longfei Shu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Qingyun Yan
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (K.X.)
| | - Kui Xu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (S.W.); (C.W.); (L.S.); (Q.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (K.X.)
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89
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Ogunyemi SO, Zhang M, Abdallah Y, Ahmed T, Qiu W, Ali MA, Yan C, Yang Y, Chen J, Li B. The Bio-Synthesis of Three Metal Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO, MnO 2, and MgO) and Their Antibacterial Activity Against the Bacterial Leaf Blight Pathogen. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:588326. [PMID: 33343527 PMCID: PMC7746657 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.588326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is the most infectious pathogen of rice, which causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease. However, the accumulation of chemical or antibiotic resistance of Xoo necessitate the development of its alternative control. In this study, we biologically synthesize three metal oxide nanoparticles (ZnO, MnO2, and MgO) using rhizophytic bacteria Paenibacillus polymyxa strain Sx3 as reducing agent. The biosynthesis of nanoparticles was confirmed and characterized by using UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, EDS, SEM, and TEM analysis. The UV Vis reflectance of the nanoparticle had peaks at 385, 230, and 230 nm with an average crystallite particle size 62.8, 18.8, and 10.9 nm for ZnO, MnO2, and MgO, respectively. Biogenic ZnO, MnO2, and MgO nanoparticles showed substantial significant inhibition effects against Xoo strain GZ 0006 at a concentration of 16.0 μg/ml, for which the antagonized area was 17, 13, and 13 mm and the biofilm formation was decreased by 74.5, 74.4, and 80.2%, respectively. Moreover, the underlining mechanism of nanoparticles was inferred to be in relation to the reactive oxygen species based on their antibacterial efficiency and the deformity in the cell wall phenomenon. Overall, an attractive and eco-friendly biogenic ZnO, MnO2, and MgO nanoparticles were successfully produced. Altogether, the results suggest that the nanoparticles had an excellent antibacterial efficacy against BLB disease in rice plants, together with the increase in growth parameter and rice biomass. In conclusion, the synthesized nanoparticles could serve as an alternative safe measure in combatting the antibiotic-resistant of Xoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solabomi Olaitan Ogunyemi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Muchen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yasmine Abdallah
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Md. Arshad Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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90
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Xu Z, Zhao D, Zheng X, Huang B, Xia X, Pan X. Quercetin exerts bidirectional regulation effects on the efficacy of tamoxifen in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer therapy: An in vitro study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:1179-1193. [PMID: 32530119 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen was widely applied in the therapy of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. With the purpose of determining the potential impacts of quercetin on its effectiveness, MCF-7 cells were selected as the in vitro model and several cellular biological behaviors (ie, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cycle, apoptosis, and oxidative stress) were investigated. As results, quercetin showed contrasting dose-response to cellular behaviors dependent on the ROS-regulated p53 signaling pathways. In detail, quercetin promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis at low concentrations, whereas high-concentration resulted in apoptosis induction. Moreover, quercetin at a low concentration significantly inhibited tamoxifen-induced antiproliferation in MCF-7 cells, whereas high concentrations enhanced cell apoptosis in a synergetic manner. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis further implied that quercetin exerted its dual roles in tamoxifen-induced antiproliferative effects by regulated the gene expression involved in cell metastasis, cycle, and apoptosis through the ER pathways. Our present study provides a considerable support to the combination of quercetin and tamoxifen on human ER-positive breast carcinoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Xu
- Faulty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Dimeng Zhao
- Faulty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xianyao Zheng
- Faulty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Faulty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xueshan Xia
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faulty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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91
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Shi W, Guan X, Sun S, Han Y, Du X, Tang Y, Zhou W, Liu G. Nanoparticles decrease the byssal attachment strength of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127200. [PMID: 32473408 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The extensive application of nanoparticles (NPs) drives their release into the ocean, which may pose a potential threat to marine organisms. Although the byssus is important for the survival of mussels, the effects of NPs on byssal attachment and the underlying molecular byssal responses remain largely unknown. Therefore, the impacts of three metal oxide NPs (nTiO2, nZnO, and nFe2O3) on the production and mechanical properties of byssal thread in the thick shell mussel M. coruscus were investigated in this study. The results showed that both mechanical properties (such as strength and extensibility) and morphology (diameter and volume) of byssal thread newly produced by M. coruscus were significantly affected after NP exposure, which resulted in an approximately 60-66% decrease in mussel byssal attachment strength. Downregulated expression of genes encoding mussel foot proteins, precursor collagen proteins, and proximal thread matrix proteins was also detected in this study, and this alteration may be one of the reasons for the weakened mechanical properties of byssal threads after NP exposure. This study indicated that NP pollution may hamper byssal attachment of M. coruscus and thereby pose a severe threat to the health of mussel individuals and the stability of the intertidal ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Guan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shuge Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xueying Du
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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92
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Nguyen MK, Moon JY, Lee YC. Microalgal ecotoxicity of nanoparticles: An updated review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110781. [PMID: 32497816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, nanotechnology and its related industries are becoming a rapidly explosive industry that offers many benefits to human life. However, along with the increased production and use of nanoparticles (NPs), their presence in the environment creates a high risk of increasing toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Therefore, a large number of studies focusing on the toxicity of these NPs to the aquatic organisms are carried out which used algal species as a common biological model. In this review, the influences of the physio-chemical properties of NPs and the response mechanisms of the algae on the toxicity of the NPs were discussed focusing on the "assay" studies. Besides, the specific algal toxicities of each type of NPs along with the NP-induced changes in algal cells of these NPs are also assessed. Almost all commonly-used NPs exhibit algal toxicity. Although the algae have similarities in the symptoms under NP exposure, the sensitivity and variability of each algae species to the inherent properties of each NPs are quite different. They depend strongly on the concentration, size, characteristics of NPs, and biochemical nature of algae. Through the assessment, the review identifies several gaps that need to be further studied to make an explicit understanding. The findings in the majority of studies are mostly in laboratory conditions and there are still uncertainties and contradictory/inconsistent results about the behavioral effects of NPs under field conditions. Besides, there remains unsureness about NP-uptake pathways of microalgae. Finally, the toxicity mechanisms of NPs need to be thoughtfully understood which is essential in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Kim Nguyen
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju-Young Moon
- Department of Beauty Design Management, Hansung University, 116 Samseongyoro-16 gil, Seoul, 02876, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Chul Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
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93
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Zhang J, Jiang L, Wu D, Yin Y, Guo H. Effects of environmental factors on the growth and microcystin production of Microcystis aeruginosa under TiO 2 nanoparticles stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 734:139443. [PMID: 32454338 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing use and release of nanomaterials, their toxic impacts on aquatic ecosystems have drawn widespread attention in recent years. In this study, we exposed Microcystis aeruginosa to 5 mg/L titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) under different culture conditions (pH 6, 7, 8, 9; 20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C). The results showed that algae had the worst growth status with lowest biomass, lowest photosynthetic activity and highest reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under 5 mg/L nTiO2 at pH 6 and 20 °C. Images by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that nTiO2 hindered light absorption by algal cells by wrapping the algal surface, which led to obvious cell surface deformation at pH 6 or 20 °C. In addition, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) production increased as temperature or pH decreased when exposed to nTiO2 at 5 mg/L, demonstrating that falling pH or temperature enhanced the adverse effects toward algal cells under nTiO2 stress and the potential risk of algae to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
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94
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Xiao Y, Jiang X, Liao Y, Zhao W, Zhao P, Li M. Adverse physiological and molecular level effects of polystyrene microplastics on freshwater microalgae. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 255:126914. [PMID: 32387728 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have aroused widespread concern because of their adverse effects on aquatic organisms. However, the underlying toxicity mechanisms have not been examined in detail. This study investigated the interactions between polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and the model freshwater microalgae Euglena gracilis. The results of transmission electron microscopy showed that the vacuoles of microalgae were induced after 24 h exposure to 1 mg/L PS-MPs (5 μm and 0.1 μm). Furthermore, PS-MPs significantly (p < 0.05) reduced pigment contents. Moreover, superoxide dismutase activities were significantly (p < 0.05) induced in all PS-MPs treated groups. Peroxidase activities were also significantly (p < 0.05) affected by two sizes of PS-MPs (5 μm and 0.1 μm), indicating that oxidative stress was induced after exposure to PS-MPs. At the molecular level, PS-MPs dysregulated the expression of genes involved in cellular processes, genetic information processing, organismal systems, and metabolisms. The KCS gene and the CTR1 gene may be key pathways to induce adverse effects on the E. gracilis after exposure to 5 μm PS-MPs. These findings will help to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of microplastics toxicity on freshwater organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuanchen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weigao Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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95
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Li S, Chu R, Hu D, Yin Z, Mo F, Hu T, Liu C, Zhu L. Combined effects of 17β-estradiol and copper on growth, biochemical characteristics and pollutant removals of freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:138597. [PMID: 32428803 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by estrogens and heavy metals can cause great environment concern and necessitate efficient approaches for their removals. In this study, the combined effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) and Cu(II) on microalgae growth and biochemical characteristics were investigated. Results showed that 1 mg/L Cu(II) promoted the growth of Scenedesmus dimorphus, while 2 mg/L Cu(II) exhibited growth inhibition, compared with the same concentration of E2. Biochemical characteristics including enzyme activities as well as the contents of chlorophyll, protein and carbohydrate were significantly affected by the coexistence of E2 and Cu(II) after 12 d of cultivation. S. dimorphus exhibited high E2 and Cu(II) removal efficiencies (89.9% of E2 and 76.6% Cu(II) under the coexistence of 0.5 mg/L E2 and 1 mg/L Cu(II), respectively). Lower concentration of Cu(II) might serve as a bridge during E2 removal by S. dimorphus while competitive adsorption of Cu(II) and E2 occurred under the condition of excessive Cu(II). Results could confirm that S. dimorphus was a potential bioresource for the effective removal of E2 and Cu(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxi Li
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Ruoyu Chu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Dan Hu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Zhihong Yin
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Fan Mo
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Tianyi Hu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China; Faculty of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa FI65101, Finland.
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96
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Abstract
In this study, we attempted to synthesize visible light active nano-sized photocatalysts using metal oxides such as zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, tungsten oxide, and strontium titanium oxide with (MoCl5)2 as a dopant by the simple ball-milling method. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy data confirmed the presence of M-O-Mo linkage (M = Zn, Zr, W, and SrTi) in all the molybdenum-doped metal oxides (MoMOs), but only MoZnO inhibited the growth of the bloom-forming Microcystis aeruginosa under visible light in a concentration-dependent manner up to 10 mg/L. Further, structural characterization of MoZnO using FESEM and XRD exhibited the formation of typical hexagonal wurtzite nanocrystals of approximately 4 nm. Hydroxyl radical (·OH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxidation assays revealed ·OH generated by MoZnO under the visible light seemed to cause peroxidation of the lipid membrane of M. aeruginosa, which led to an upsurge of intracellular ROS and consequently introduced the agglomeration of cyanobacteria. These results demonstrated that nano-sized MoZnO photocatalyst can be easily synthesized in a cost-effective ball-mill method and utilized for biological applications such as the reduction of harmful algal blooms. Further, our study implies that a simple ball-milling method can provide an easy, green, and scalable route for the synthesis of visible light active doped metal oxides.
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97
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Yang W, Gao X, Wu Y, Wan L, Tan L, Yuan S, Ding H, Zhang W. The combined toxicity influence of microplastics and nonylphenol on microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110484. [PMID: 32200150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and nonylphenol (NP) are considered as emerging pollutant and have attracted wide attention, while their combined toxicity on aquatic organisms is barely researched. Therefore, the combined toxicity influence of NP with three types of microplastics containing polyethylene (PE1000, 13 μm and PE, 150 μm), polyamide (PA1000, 13 μm and PA, 150 μm) polystyrene (PS, 150 μm) on microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa was analyzed. Both growth inhibition, chlorophyll fluorescence, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase (CAT) were determined. We found that single microplastics and NP both inhibited algal growth, thereby causing oxidative stress. The order of inhibition effect in single microplastics experiment was PE1000 > PA1000 > PE ≈ PS > PA. The combined toxicity experiment results indicated that the presence of microplastics had positive effect in terms of alleviating NP toxicity to C. pyrenoidosa, and the microplastics adsorption capacity to NP was the dominant contributing factor for this effect. According to the independent action model, the combined toxicity was antagonistic. Because the negative effect of smaller size microplastics on algal growth was aggravated with prolonged exposure time, the optimum effect of microplastics alleviated NP toxicity was PA1000 at 48 h, while this effect was substituted by PA at 96 h during combined toxicity. Thus, the toxicity of smaller size microplastics has a nonnegligible influence on combined toxicity. This study confirms that microplastics significantly affected the toxicity of organic pollutants on microalgae. Further research on the combined toxicity of smaller size microplastics with pollutants in chronic toxicity is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Yang
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Yixiao Wu
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Liang Wan
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Lichen Tan
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Shaoman Yuan
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Huijun Ding
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang, 330029, PR China
| | - Weihao Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430079, China.
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98
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Xu W, Tan L, Zhao T, Zhu X, Wang J. Toxicity assessments of acrylamide in aquatic environment using two algae Nitzschia closterium and Scenedesmus quadricauda. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20545-20553. [PMID: 32246420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08581-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The expanding production and widespread application of acrylamide caused inevitable release to aquatic ecosystems. Contrary to its extensive attention to human and animal health, the hazards of acrylamide to the aquatic primary productivity have been rarely studied. The potential effects of acrylamide on the marine algae (Nitzschia closterium) and the limnetic algae (Scenedesmus quadricauda) were investigated by monitoring cell abundance, total chlorophyll content, maximum photosystem II (PSII) quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The growth of two algae was significantly inhibited by acrylamide. The 96 h EC50 of acrylamide on N. closterium and S. quadricauda were 5.50 mg L-1 and 45.3 mg L-1, and no observed effect concentration (NOEC) were 1.07 mg L-1 and 6.97 mg L-1, respectively. After 96 h exposure to 50 mg L-1 of acrylamide, the total chlorophyll content declined to approximate 18% (N. closterium) and 48% (S. quadricauda), and Fv/Fm was observed to be 0.35 and 0.32 for N. closterium and S. quadricauda, respectively. ROS was significantly increased following higher exposure concentrations, and its levels increased around 2.1-fold and 1.4-fold following exposure to 5 mg L-1 of acrylamide. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the visible cell plasmolysis, rupture of the plasma membrane, cell vacuolization, and disintegration of chloroplasts of the algae caused acrylamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Liju Tan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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Dehghanpour S, Pourzamani HR, Amin MM, Ebrahimpour K. Evaluation of toxic effects of platinum-based antineoplastic drugs (cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin) on green alga Chlorella vulgaris. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 223:105495. [PMID: 32371336 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Platinum-based antineoplastic drugs (PBADs) enter the environment via hospital and municipal wastes as reactive and highly toxic molecules. Chlorella vulgaris is a freshwater microalgae and is used as an excellent aquatic model for toxicity assessment. In the present study, the toxicity of PBADs to C. vulgaris was investigated for better understanding of PBADs environmental toxicity. The algae were cultured in Bold´s Basal Medium (BBM) and exposed to different concentrations of PBADs for 48, 72 and 96 h. Then, cell proliferation, the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, protein content, malondialdehyde (MDA) release and antioxidant potential were determined. IC50 s of cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin for 96 h of exposure were 106.2, 124.3 and 153.9 mg/L respectively. Cell proliferation, synthesis of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and algal protein content significantly decreased in a time and dose-dependent manner. The release of MDA to culture media significantly increased and antioxidant potential decreased. Cisplatin showed more toxic effects on C. vulgaris compared to carboplatin and oxaliplatin indicating its severe toxicity for marine organisms. PBADs induce their toxic effects in algal cells via the interaction with DNA, production of free radicals (such as reactive oxygen species), lipid peroxidation and cell wall damages. Due to these toxic effects of PBADs for various environmental organisms, there must be severe restriction on their release into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samineh Dehghanpour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Pourzamani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amin
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Karim Ebrahimpour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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100
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Wei C, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. Effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the dissolved organic matter released by Prorocentrum donghaiense: Results of spectroscopic studies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 194:110447. [PMID: 32171959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many reports have investigated the effects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the properties of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM), which could significantly altered its binding affinity for contaminants. However, the effects of CNTs on algogenic DOM are largely unknown. To address this issue, the properties of algogenic DOM released by Prorocentrum donghaiense (P. donghaiense-DOM) under the stress from 0.1 to 10.0 mg/L graphitized multiwalled CNTs were nondestructively characterized by the use of UV-visible absorption and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices with parallel factor analysis. The results showed that the changes in the properties of P. donghaiense-DOM were highly dependent on the CNTs concentration. The properties of P. donghaiense-DOM under 0.1 mg/L CNTs treatment showed no obvious differences compared to the control. The addition of 0.5-10.0 mg/L CNTs changed the release pathways of P. donghaiense-DOM, resulting in significant alterations to the properties of P. donghaiense-DOM. The aromaticity, molecular weight, protein-like and humic-like components were enhanced under stress from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L CNTs on day 4, which can be ascribed to the overproduction of extracellular DOM (EDOM) that occurred in response to the significant increase in intracellular ROS levels. CNTs at 5.0 and 10.0 mg/L significantly induced membrane damage to P. donghaiense on day 4, which led to the leakage of intracellular DOM (IDOM) and then increased the molecular weight and protein-like components but decreased the aromaticity and humic-like components. After the P. donghaiense recovered to its normal growth under 0.5-10.0 mg/L CNTs treatments, the changes in the properties of P. donghaiense-DOM were attributed to the release pathways of P. donghaiense-DOM that were governed by the production of EDOM and the leakage of IDOM in the stationary and declining phases, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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