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Min X, Cai M, Shao T, Xu Z, Liao Z, Liu D, Zhou M, Wu W, Zhou Y, Mo M, Xu S, Liu X, Xiong X. A circular intronic RNA ciPVT1 delays endothelial cell senescence by regulating the miR-24-3p/CDK4/pRb axis. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13529. [PMID: 34902213 PMCID: PMC8761008 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been established to be involved in numerous processes in the human genome, but their function in vascular aging remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to characterize and analyze the function of a circular intronic RNA, ciPVT1, in endothelial cell senescence. We observed significant downregulation of ciPVT1 in senescent endothelial cells. In proliferating endothelial cells, ciPVT1 knockdown induced a premature senescence-like phenotype, inhibited proliferation, and led to an impairment in angiogenesis. An in vivo angiogenic plug assay revealed that ciPVT1 silencing significantly inhibited endothelial tube formation and decreased hemoglobin content. Conversely, overexpression of ciPVT1 in old endothelial cells delayed senescence, promoted proliferation, and increased angiogenic activity. Mechanistic studies revealed that ciPVT1 can sponge miR-24-3p to upregulate the expression of CDK4, resulting in enhanced Rb phosphorylation. Moreover, enforced expression of ciPVT1 reversed the senescence induction effect of miR-24-3p in endothelial cells. In summary, the present study reveals a pivotal role for ciPVT1 in regulating endothelial cell senescence and may have important implications in the search of strategies to counteract the development of age-associated vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Min
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Meng‐yun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Tong Shao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Zi‐yang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Zhaofu Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Dong‐liang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Meng‐yuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Wei‐peng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Yu‐lan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Clinical Research Center Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Miao‐hua Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Shun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Xing‐dong Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
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Miller EC, Wilczek A, Bello NA, Tom S, Wapner R, Suh Y. Pregnancy, preeclampsia and maternal aging: From epidemiology to functional genomics. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101535. [PMID: 34871806 PMCID: PMC8827396 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Women live longer than men but experience greater disability and a longer period of illness as they age. Despite clear sex differences in aging, the impact of pregnancy and its complications, such as preeclampsia, on aging is an underexplored area of geroscience. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the complex links between pregnancy and age-related diseases, including evidence from epidemiology, clinical research, and genetics. We discuss the relationship between normal and pathological pregnancy and maternal aging, using preeclampsia as a primary example. We review the results of human genetics studies of preeclampsia, including genome wide association studies (GWAS), and attempted to catalog genes involved in preeclampsia as a gateway to mechanisms underlying an increased risk of later life cardio- and neuro- vascular events. Lastly, we discuss challenges in interpreting the GWAS of preeclampsia and provide a functional genomics framework for future research needed to fully realize the promise of GWAS in identifying targets for geroprotective prevention and therapeutics against preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza C. Miller
- Department of Neurology, Division of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashley Wilczek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie A. Bello
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Tom
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neurology Clinical Outcomes Research and Population Science and the Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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53
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Aliani C, Rossi E, Francia P, Bocchi L. Vascular ageing and peripheral pulse: an improved model for assessing their relationship. Physiol Meas 2021; 42. [PMID: 34847545 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac3e87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Vascular ageing is associated with several alterations, including arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. Such alterations represent an independent factor in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In our previous works we demonstrated the alterations occurring in the vascular system are themselves reflected in the shape of the peripheral waveform; thus, a model that describes the waveform as a sum of Gaussian curves provides a set of parameters that successfully discriminate betweenunder(≤35 years old) andoversubjects (>35 years old). In the present work, we explored the feasibility of a new decomposition model, based on a sum of exponential pulses, applied to the same problem.Approach.The first processing step extracts each pulsation from the input signal and removes the long-term trend using a cubic spline with nodes between consecutive pulsations. After that, a Least Squares fitting algorithm determines the set of optimal model parameters that best approximates each single pulse. The vector of model parameters gives a compact representation of the pulse waveform that constitutes the basis for the classification step. Each subject is associated to his/her 'representative' pulse waveform, obtained by averaging the vector parameters corresponding to all pulses. Finally, a Bayesan classifier has been designed to discriminate the waveforms of under and over subjects, using the leave-one-subject-out validation method.Main results.Results indicate that the fitting procedure reaches a rate of 96% in under subjects and 95% in over subjects and that the Bayesan classifier is able to correctly classify 91% of the subjects with a specificity of 94% and a sensibility of 84%.Significance.This study shows a sensible vascular age estimation accuracy with a multi-exponential model, which may help to predict CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Aliani
- Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Eva Rossi
- Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Bocchi
- Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Italy
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Ke S, Wu L, Wang M, Liu D, Shi G, Zhu J, Qian X. Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates age-associated vascular impairment by modulating the Gas6 pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1369-1377. [PMID: 34629012 PMCID: PMC8510614 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1986076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) exerts many beneficial effects and protects against cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether Rb1 could attenuate age-related vascular impairment and identify the mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female C57BL/6J mice aged 2 and 18 months, randomly assigned to Young, Young + 20 mg/kg Rb1, Old + vehicle, Old + 10 mg/kg Rb1 and Old + 20 mg/kg Rb1 groups, were daily intraperitoneal injected with vehicle or Rb1 for 3 months. The thoracic aorta segments were used to inspect the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Left thoracic aorta tissues were collected for histological or molecular expression analyses, including ageing-related proteins, markers relevant to calcification and fibrosis, and expression of Gas6/Axl. RESULTS We found that in Old + vehicle group, the expression of senescence proteins and cellular adhesion molecules were significantly increased, with worse endothelium-dependent thoracic aorta relaxation (58.35% ± 2.50%) than in Young group (88.84% ± 1.20%). However, Rb1 treatment significantly decreased the expression levels of these proteins and preserved endothelium-dependent relaxation in aged mice. Moreover, Rb1 treatment also reduced calcium deposition, collagen deposition, and the protein expression levels of collagen I and collagen III in aged mice. Furthermore, we found that the downregulation of Gas6 protein expression by 41.72% and mRNA expression by 52.73% in aged mice compared with young mice was abrogated by Rb1 treatment. But there was no significant difference on Axl expression among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that Rb1 could ameliorate vascular injury, suggesting that Rb1 might be a potential anti-ageing related vascular impairment agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiye Ke
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dinghui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangyao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieming Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxian Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Fagiani F, Vlachou M, Di Marino D, Canobbio I, Romagnoli A, Racchi M, Govoni S, Lanni C. Pin1 as Molecular Switch in Vascular Endothelium: Notes on Its Putative Role in Age-Associated Vascular Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123287. [PMID: 34943794 PMCID: PMC8699654 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
By controlling the change of the backbones of several cellular substrates, the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 acts as key fine-tuner and amplifier of multiple signaling pathways, thereby inducing several biological consequences, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Data from the literature indicate a prominent role of Pin1 in the regulating of vascular homeostasis. In this review, we will critically dissect Pin1’s role as conformational switch regulating the homeostasis of vascular endothelium, by specifically modulating nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. In this regard, Pin1 has been reported to directly control NO production by interacting with bovine endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) at Ser116-Pro117 (human equivalent is Ser114-Pro115) in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, regulating its catalytic activity, as well as by regulating other intracellular players, such as VEGF and TGF-β, thereby impinging upon NO release. Furthermore, since Pin1 has been found to act as a critical driver of vascular cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation, with implication in many vascular diseases (e.g., diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy), evidence indicating that Pin1 may serve a pivotal role in vascular endothelium will be discussed. Understanding the role of Pin1 in vascular homeostasis is crucial in terms of finding a new possible therapeutic player and target in vascular pathologies, including those affecting the elderly (such as small and large vessel diseases and vascular dementia) or those promoting the full expression of neurodegenerative dementing diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fagiani
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
| | - Marieva Vlachou
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
| | - Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (D.D.M.); (A.R.)
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Canobbio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Alice Romagnoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (D.D.M.); (A.R.)
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Lanni
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
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Wang J, Mei F, Bai L, Zhou S, Liu D, Yao L, Ahluwalia A, Ghiladi RA, Su L, Shu T, Gong M, Wang X, Zhu L, Cai K, Zhang X. Serum nitrite and nitrate: A potential biomarker for post-covid-19 complications? Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:216-225. [PMID: 34474106 PMCID: PMC8404395 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in cardiovascular and immune systems. Quantification of blood nitrite and nitrate, two relatively stable metabolites of NO (generally as NOx), has been acknowledged, in part, representing NO bioactivity. Dysregulation of NOx had been reported in SARS-CoV-2 infected populations, but whether patients recovered from COVID-19 disease present with restored NOx is unknown. In this study, serum NO2- and NO3- were quantified and analyzed among 109 recovered adults in comparison to a control group of 166 uninfected adults. Nitrite or nitrate levels were not significantly different among mild-, common-, severe- and critical-type patients. However, these recovered patients had dramatically lower NO2- and NO2-/NO3- than the uninfected group (p < 0.0001), with significantly higher NO3- levels (p = 0.0023) than the uninfected group. Nitrate and nitrite/nitrate were positively and negatively correlated with patient age, respectively, with age 65 being a turning point among recovered patients. These results indicate that low NO2-, low NO2-/NO3- and high NO3- may be potential biomarkers of long-term poor or irreversible outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection. It suggests that NO metabolites might serve as a predictor to track the health status of recovered COVID-19 patients, highlighting the need to elucidate the role of NO after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- International Joint Research Center for General Health, Precision Medicine & Nutrition, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Biomedicine and Biopharmacology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fanghua Mei
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Bai
- International Joint Research Center for General Health, Precision Medicine & Nutrition, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Biomedicine and Biopharmacology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Suhua Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Di Liu
- International Joint Research Center for General Health, Precision Medicine & Nutrition, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Biomedicine and Biopharmacology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulu Yao
- International Joint Research Center for General Health, Precision Medicine & Nutrition, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Biomedicine and Biopharmacology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- Barts & the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Reza A Ghiladi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lei Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tong Shu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaozi Gong
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Cai
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are now considered important contributors to the pathophysiological and biophysical mechanisms underlying arterial stiffening in aging. Here, we review mechanisms whereby VSMC stiffening alters vascular function and contributes to the changes in vascular stiffening observed in aging and cardiovascular disease. Vascular stiffening in arterial aging was historically associated with changes in the extracellular matrix; however, new evidence suggests that endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell stiffness also contribute to overall blood vessel stiffness. Furthermore, VSMC play an integral role in regulating matrix deposition and vessel wall contractility via interaction between the actomyosin contractile unit and adhesion structures that anchor the cell within the extracellular matrix. Aged-induce phenotypic modulation of VSMC from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype is associated with decreased cellular contractility and increased cell stiffness. Aged VSMC also display reduced mechanosensitivity and adaptation to mechanical signals from their microenvironment due to impaired intracellular signaling. Finally, evidence for decreased contractility in arteries from aged animals demonstrate that changes at the cellular level result in decreased functional properties at the tissue level.
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Yang Y, Wang D, Wan J, Ran F, Yang L, Chen S, Wang F, Liu S, Dai X, Zhou P, Wang P. The role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 in age-related endothelial dysfunction. Exp Gerontol 2021; 154:111517. [PMID: 34419618 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in age-related vascular disease. The present study aimed to investigate the role of an antioxidant channel, transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), in age-related endothelial dysfunction. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were grown to induce replicative senescence, and 6-month-old young, 12-month-old middle-aged, and 24-month-old aged mice were used. TRPA1 was downregulated in senescent HUVECs, so were endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). Activating TRPA1 with cinnamaldehyde prevented downregulation of eNOS, Nrf2, and UCP2, inhibited superoxide production and apoptosis, and preserved nitric oxide bioavailability in senescent HUVECs. TRPA1, phosphorylated eNOS, Nrf2 and UCP2 were significantly downregulated in aged aortas compared with young aortas after a compensatory upregulation in middle-aged aortas. Dietary administration of cinnamaldehyde for 12 months prevented mitochondrial dysfunction, improved endothelium-dependent relaxation, and increased expression of eNOS, Nrf2, and UCP2 in aged aortas. Importantly, the effects of cinnamaldehyde can be blocked by a TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031. These findings suggest that TRPA1 may play a critical role in age-related endothelial dysfunction and may become a therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of age-related vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Jindong Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Fei Ran
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Lun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Shizhao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Xiaozhen Dai
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Peijian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China.
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Szafranska K, Kruse LD, Holte CF, McCourt P, Zapotoczny B. The wHole Story About Fenestrations in LSEC. Front Physiol 2021; 12:735573. [PMID: 34588998 PMCID: PMC8473804 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.735573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The porosity of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) ensures bidirectional passive transport of lipoproteins, drugs and solutes between the liver capillaries and the liver parenchyma. This porosity is realized via fenestrations - transcellular pores with diameters in the range of 50-300 nm - typically grouped together in sieve plates. Aging and several liver disorders severely reduce LSEC porosity, decreasing their filtration properties. Over the years, a variety of drugs, stimulants, and toxins have been investigated in the context of altered diameter or frequency of fenestrations. In fact, any change in the porosity, connected with the change in number and/or size of fenestrations is reflected in the overall liver-vascular system crosstalk. Recently, several commonly used medicines have been proposed to have a beneficial effect on LSEC re-fenestration in aging. These findings may be important for the aging populations of the world. In this review we collate the literature on medicines, recreational drugs, hormones and laboratory tools (including toxins) where the effect LSEC morphology was quantitatively analyzed. Moreover, different experimental models of liver pathology are discussed in the context of fenestrations. The second part of this review covers the cellular mechanisms of action to enable physicians and researchers to predict the effect of newly developed drugs on LSEC porosity. To achieve this, we discuss four existing hypotheses of regulation of fenestrations. Finally, we provide a summary of the cellular mechanisms which are demonstrated to tune the porosity of LSEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Szafranska
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Larissa D Kruse
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christopher Florian Holte
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Peter McCourt
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bartlomiej Zapotoczny
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Biophysical Microstructures, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
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Balasubramanian P, Delfavero J, Nyul-Toth A, Tarantini A, Gulej R, Tarantini S. Integrative Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Healthspan, Age-Related Vascular Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2:678543. [PMID: 35821996 PMCID: PMC9261405 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.678543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing life expectancy will contribute to the on-going shift towards a world population increasingly comprised of elderly individuals. This demographic shift is associated with a rising prevalence of age-related diseases, among all age-related pathologies it has become crucial to understand the age-associated cognitive changes that remain a major risk factor for the development of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Furthermore, age-related Alzheimer's disease and other neurogenerative diseases with vascular etiology are the most prominent contributing factors for the loss of cognitive function observed in aging. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) achieves physiologic effects by increasing oxygen tension (PO2), raising oxygen tissue levels, decreasing intracranial pressure and relieving cerebral edema. Many of the beneficial effects of HBOT exert their protective effects at the level of the microcirculation. Furthermore, the microcirculation's exquisite pervasive presence across every tissue in the body, renders it uniquely able to influence the local environment of most tissues and organs, including the brain. As such, treatments aimed at restoring aging-induced functional and structural alterations of the cerebral microcirculation may potentially contribute to the amelioration of a range of age-related pathologies including vascular cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementias. Despite the presented evidence, the efficacy and safety of HBOT for the treatment of age-related vascular cognitive impairment and dementia remains understudied. The present review aims to examine the existing evidence indicative of a potential therapeutic role for HBOT-induced hyperoxia against age-related cerebromicrovascular pathologies contributing to cognitive impairment, dementia and decreased healthspan in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Balasubramanian
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jordan Delfavero
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Adam Nyul-Toth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Amber Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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Hettinger ZR, Kargl CK, Shannahan JH, Kuang S, Gavin TP. Extracellular vesicles released from stress-induced prematurely senescent myoblasts impair endothelial function and proliferation. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:2083-2095. [PMID: 34333817 DOI: 10.1113/ep089423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What is the impact of stress-induced premature senescence on skeletal muscle myoblast-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and myoblast-endothelial cell crosstalk? What is the main finding and its importance? Hydrogen peroxide treatment of human myoblasts induced stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) and increased the release of exosome-sized EVs (30-150 nm in size) five-fold compared to untreated controls. Treatment of SIPS myoblast-derived EVs on endothelial cells increased senescence markers and decreased proliferation. Gene expression analysis of SIPS myoblast-derived EVs revealed a four-fold increase in senescence factor transforming growth factor-β. These results highlight potential mechanisms by which senescence imparts deleterious effects on the cellular microenvironment. ABSTRACT Cellular senescence contributes to numerous diseases through the release of pro-inflammatory factors as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In skeletal muscle, resident muscle progenitor cells (satellite cells) express markers of senescence with advancing age and in response to various pathologies, which contributes to reduced regenerative capacities in vitro. Satellite cells regulate their microenvironment in part through the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), but the effect of senescence on EV signaling is unknown. Primary human myoblasts were isolated following biopsies of the vastus lateralis from young healthy subjects. Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) treatment was used to achieve stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) of myoblasts. EVs secreted by myoblasts with and without H2 O2 treatment were isolated, analysed and used to treat human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to assess senescence and angiogenic impact. H2 O2 treatment of primary human myoblasts in vitro increased markers of senescence (β-galactosidase and p21Cip1 ), decreased proliferation and increased exosome-like EV (30-150 nm) release approximately five-fold. In HUVECs, EV treatment from H2 O2 -treated myoblasts increased markers of senescence (β-galactosidase and transforming growth factor β), decreased proliferation and impaired HUVEC tube formation. Analysis of H2 O2 -treated myoblast-derived EV mRNA revealed a nearly four-fold increase in transforming growth factor β expression. Our novel results highlight the impact of SIPS on myoblast communication and identify a VasoMyo Crosstalk by which SIPS myoblast-derived EVs impair endothelial cell function in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R Hettinger
- Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Christopher K Kargl
- Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jonathan H Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Timothy P Gavin
- Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Farkhondeh T, Talebi M, Kopustinskiene DM, Samarghandian S, Bernatoniene J. An Overview of NO Signaling Pathways in Aging. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154533. [PMID: 34361685 PMCID: PMC8348219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric Oxide (NO) is a potent signaling molecule involved in the regulation of various cellular mechanisms and pathways under normal and pathological conditions. NO production, its effects, and its efficacy, are extremely sensitive to aging-related changes in the cells. Herein, we review the mechanisms of NO signaling in the cardiovascular system, central nervous system (CNS), reproduction system, as well as its effects on skin, kidneys, thyroid, muscles, and on the immune system during aging. The aging-related decline in NO levels and bioavailability is also discussed in this review. The decreased NO production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was revealed in the aged cardiovascular system. In the CNS, the decline of the neuronal (n)NOS production of NO was related to the impairment of memory, sleep, and cognition. NO played an important role in the aging of oocytes and aged-induced erectile dysfunction. Aging downregulated NO signaling pathways in endothelial cells resulting in skin, kidney, thyroid, and muscle disorders. Putative therapeutic agents (natural/synthetic) affecting NO signaling mechanisms in the aging process are discussed in the present study. In summary, all of the studies reviewed demonstrate that NO plays a crucial role in the cellular aging processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran
| | - Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran;
| | - Dalia M. Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur 9318614139, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (J.B.)
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Shimizu S, Nagao Y, Kurabayashi A, Shimizu T, Higashi Y, Karashima T, Saito M. Aging-related severe hypertension induces detrusor underactivity in rats. Life Sci 2021; 283:119855. [PMID: 34314734 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aging is an obvious risk factor for detrusor underactivity. We investigated the effects of aging on bladder function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. MAIN METHODS Male spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar Kyoto rats (used as normotensive controls) at the ages of 18, 36, 54, or 72 weeks were used. Bladder weight, blood pressure, bladder blood flow, and urodynamic and renal parameters were measured. Additionally, detrusor thickness and renal histology were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS In spontaneously hypertensive rats, significant increases were observed in bladder weight/body weight ratio, blood pressure, detrusor thickness, intercontraction interval, urine output, serum creatinine, and renal glomerular and tubular scores, and decreases in bladder blood flow and urine osmolality at 72 weeks as compared to those at 18 weeks. In spontaneously hypertensive rats, significant increases were observed in single voided volume, post voiding residual urine volume, and bladder capacity, with decrease in voiding efficiency were observed at 54 or 72 weeks than at 18 weeks. However, there were no significant differences in blood pressure, urodynamic and renal parameters, detrusor thickness and renal histology among Wistar Kyoto rats of different ages. SIGNIFICANCE In spontaneously hypertensive rats, aging induces significant increases in blood pressure, single voided volume, post voiding residual urine volume, intercontraction intervals and urine output, and decreases in voiding efficiency and bladder blood flow indicative of detrusor underactivity. Aging-related severe hypertension could induce voiding dysfunction such as detrusor underactivity via severe bladder ischemia and polyuria. Aged spontaneously hypertensive rats may be useful animal models for detrusor underactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nagao
- Department of Pediatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kurabayashi
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Youichirou Higashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Takashi Karashima
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Motoaki Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan.
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Emechebe U, Nelson JW, Alkayed NJ, Kaul S, Adey AC, Barnes AP. Age-dependent transcriptional alterations in cardiac endothelial cells. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:295-308. [PMID: 34097533 PMCID: PMC8321782 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00037.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite the fact that endothelial cells play critical roles in cardiovascular function and disease, the molecular impact of aging on this cell population in many organ systems remains unknown. In this study, we sought to determine age-associated transcriptional alterations in cardiac endothelial cells. Highly enriched populations of endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from the heart, brain, and kidney of young (3 mo) and aged (24 mo) C57/BL6 mice were profiled for RNA expression via bulk RNA sequencing. Approximately 700 cardiac endothelial transcripts significantly differ by age. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated similar patterns for cellular pathway perturbations. Receptor-ligand comparisons indicated parallel alterations in age-affected circulating factors and cardiac endothelial-expressed receptors. Gene and pathway enrichment analyses show that age-related transcriptional response of cardiac endothelial cells is distinct from that of endothelial cells derived from the brain or kidney vascular bed. Furthermore, single-cell analysis identified nine distinct EC subtypes and shows that the Apelin Receptor-enriched subtype is reduced with age in mouse heart. Finally, we identify age-dysregulated genes in specific aged cardiac endothelial subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uchenna Emechebe
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jonathan W Nelson
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Nabil J Alkayed
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sanjiv Kaul
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Andrew C Adey
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Anthony P Barnes
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Yabluchanskiy A, Nyul-Toth A, Csiszar A, Gulej R, Saunders D, Towner R, Turner M, Zhao Y, Abdelkari D, Rypma B, Tarantini S. Age-related alterations in the cerebrovasculature affect neurovascular coupling and BOLD fMRI responses: Insights from animal models of aging. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13718. [PMID: 33141436 PMCID: PMC9166153 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present and future research efforts in cognitive neuroscience and psychophysiology rely on the measurement, understanding, and interpretation of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to effectively investigate brain function. Aging and age-associated pathophysiological processes change the structural and functional integrity of the cerebrovasculature which can significantly alter how the BOLD signal is recorded and interpreted. In order to gain an improved understanding of the benefits, drawbacks, and methodological implications for BOLD fMRI in the context of cognitive neuroscience, it is crucial to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism of age-related vascular pathologies. This review discusses the multifaceted effects of aging and the contributions of age-related pathologies on structural and functional integrity of the cerebral microcirculation as they has been investigated in animal models of aging, including age-related alterations in neurovascular coupling responses, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in microvascular damage, vascular rarefaction, blood-brain barrier disruption, senescence, humoral deficiencies as they relate to, and potentially introduce confounding factors in the interpretation of BOLD fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Adam Nyul-Toth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Debra Saunders
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Rheal Towner
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Monroe Turner
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dema Abdelkari
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bart Rypma
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Pradillo JM, Hernández-Jiménez M, Fernández-Valle ME, Medina V, Ortuño JE, Allan SM, Proctor SD, Garcia-Segura JM, Ledesma-Carbayo MJ, Santos A, Moro MA, Lizasoain I. Influence of metabolic syndrome on post-stroke outcome, angiogenesis and vascular function in old rats determined by dynamic contrast enhanced MRI. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:1692-1706. [PMID: 34152893 PMCID: PMC8221771 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20976412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stroke affects primarily aged and co-morbid people, aspects not properly considered to date. Since angiogenesis/vasculogenesis are key processes for stroke recovery, we purposed to determine how different co-morbidities affect the outcome and angiogenesis/vasculogenesis, using a rodent model of metabolic syndrome, and by dynamic enhanced-contrast imaging (DCE-MRI) to assess its non-invasive potential to determine these processes. Twenty/twenty-two month-old corpulent (JCR:LA-Cp/Cp), a model of metabolic syndrome and lean rats were used. After inducing the experimental ischemia by transient MCAO, angiogenesis was analyzed by histology, vasculogenesis by determination of endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral blood by flow cytometry and evaluating their pro-angiogenic properties in culture and the vascular function by DCE-MRI at 3, 7 and 28 days after tMCAO. Our results show an increased infarct volume, BBB damage and an impaired outcome in corpulent rats compared with their lean counterparts. Corpulent rats also displayed worse post-stroke angiogenesis/vasculogenesis, outcome that translated in an impaired vascular function determined by DCE-MRI. These data confirm that outcome and angiogenesis/vasculogenesis induced by stroke in old rats are negatively affected by the co-morbidities present in the corpulent genotype and also that DCE-MRI might be a technique useful for the non-invasive evaluation of vascular function and angiogenesis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M Pradillo
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Macarena Hernández-Jiménez
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - María E Fernández-Valle
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Violeta Medina
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan E Ortuño
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Image Technologies (BIT), ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - Stuart M Allan
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Spencer D Proctor
- Division of Human Nutrition, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science Li Ka Shing (LKS) Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Juan M Garcia-Segura
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Ledesma-Carbayo
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Image Technologies (BIT), ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Santos
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Image Technologies (BIT), ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Moro
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lizasoain
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain
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Theodorakopoulou MP, Alexandrou ME, Bakaloudi DR, Pitsiou G, Stanopoulos I, Kontakiotis T, Boutou AK. Endothelial dysfunction in COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using different functional assessment methods. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00983-2020. [PMID: 34195258 PMCID: PMC8236757 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00983-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in COPD. Endothelial dysfunction is suggested to be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using any available functional method to examine differences in endothelial function between patients with COPD and individuals without COPD (controls). Methods Literature search involved PubMed and Scopus databases. Eligible studies included adult patients and evaluated endothelial damage via functional methods. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was applied to evaluate the quality of retrieved studies. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity across the studies. Funnel plots were constructed to evaluate publication bias. Results Of the 21 reports initially identified, 19 studies with a total of 968 participants were included in the final meta-analysis. A significantly impaired response in endothelium-dependent (weighted mean between-group difference (WMD) −2.59, 95% CI −3.75 to −1.42) and -independent vasodilation (WMD −3.13, 95% CI −5.18 to −1.09) was observed in patients with COPD compared to controls. When pooling all studies together, regardless of the technique used for assessment of vascular reactivity, pronounced endothelial dysfunction was observed in COPD compared to controls (standardised mean difference (SMD) −1.19, 95% CI −1.69 to −0.68). Subgroup analysis showed that the difference was larger when patients with COPD were compared with nonsmoking controls (SMD −1.75, 95% CI −2.58 to −0.92). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the results. Conclusions Patients with COPD have significantly impaired endothelial function compared to controls without COPD. Future studies should delineate the importance of endothelial dysfunction towards development of cardiovascular disease in COPD. COPD is significantly associated with endothelial dysfunction of both conduit vessels and microvasculature. This association is further strengthened when patients with COPD are compared to nonsmoking controls.https://bit.ly/2NlWLFN
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Eleni Alexandrou
- Dept of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgia Pitsiou
- Dept of Respiratory Failure, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stanopoulos
- Dept of Respiratory Failure, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Kontakiotis
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Afroditi K Boutou
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Bou-Teen D, Kaludercic N, Weissman D, Turan B, Maack C, Di Lisa F, Ruiz-Meana M. Mitochondrial ROS and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants in the aged heart. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:109-124. [PMID: 33716106 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive mitochondrial ROS production has been causally linked to the pathophysiology of aging in the heart and other organs, and plays a deleterious role in several age-related cardiac pathologies, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and heart failure, the two worldwide leading causes of death and disability in the elderly. However, ROS generation is also a fundamental mitochondrial function that orchestrates several signaling pathways, some of them exerting cardioprotective effects. In cardiac myocytes, mitochondria are particularly abundant and are specialized in subcellular populations, in part determined by their relationships with other organelles and their cyclic calcium handling activity necessary for adequate myocardial contraction/relaxation and redox balance. Depending on their subcellular location, mitochondria can themselves be differentially targeted by ROS and display distinct age-dependent functional decline. Thus, precise mitochondria-targeted therapies aimed at counteracting unregulated ROS production are expected to have therapeutic benefits in certain aging-related heart conditions. However, for an adequate design of such therapies, it is necessary to unravel the complex and dynamic interactions between mitochondria and other cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bou-Teen
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR),Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nina Kaludercic
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza (IRP), 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - David Weissman
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Belma Turan
- Departments of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR),Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER-CV, Spain.
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Zavvar M, Kochak HE, Abdolmohammadi K, Rashidi N, Mokhtari M, Noorbakhsh F, Azadmanesh K, Gooshki ES, Fatahi Y, Azad TM, Jahangirifard A, Mousavi MJ, Masoumi E, Mirzaei HR, Gouya MM, Rezaei F, Nicknam MH. SARS-Cov-2 and COVID-19, Basic and Clinical Aspects of the Human Pandemic: A Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:665-675. [PMID: 34183916 PMCID: PMC8219633 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i4.5991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, we have witnessed three major epidemics of the coronavirus human disease namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, and more recently an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Iran, a country of nearly 84 million, in the Middle East, severely involved with the COVID-19 disease. A documented multidimensional approach to COVID-19 disease is therefore mandatory to provide a well-balanced platform for the concerned medical community in our county and beyond. In this review, we highlight the disease status in Iran and attempt to provide a multilateral view of the fundamental and clinical aspects of the disease including the clinical features of the confirmed cases, virology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and laboratory methods needed for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Zavvar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Emadi Kochak
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamal Abdolmohammadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Nesa Rashidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Mokhtari
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki
- Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Talat Mokhtari Azad
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Jahangirifard
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mousavi
- Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Elham Masoumi
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.,Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Gouya
- Communicable Disease Control Centre, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Rezaei
- Communicable Disease Control Centre, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nicknam
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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70
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Hahad O, Frenis K, Kuntic M, Daiber A, Münzel T. Accelerated Aging and Age-Related Diseases (CVD and Neurological) Due to Air Pollution and Traffic Noise Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2419. [PMID: 33670865 PMCID: PMC7957813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates that only approximately 25% of diversity in longevity is explained by genetic factors, while the other 75% is largely determined by interactions with the physical and social environments. Indeed, aging is a multifactorial process that is influenced by a range of environmental, sociodemographic, and biopsychosocial factors, all of which might act in concert to determine the process of aging. The global average life expectancy increased fundamentally over the past century, toward an aging population, correlating with the development and onset of age-related diseases, mainly from cardiovascular and neurological nature. Therefore, the identification of determinants of healthy and unhealthy aging is a major goal to lower the burden and socioeconomic costs of age-related diseases. The role of environmental factors (such as air pollution and noise exposure) as crucial determinants of the aging process are being increasingly recognized. Here, we critically review recent findings concerning the pathomechanisms underlying the aging process and their correlates in cardiovascular and neurological disease, centered on oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as the influence of prominent environmental pollutants, namely air pollution and traffic noise exposure, which is suggested to accelerate the aging process. Insight into these types of relationships and appropriate preventive strategies are urgently needed to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.H.); (K.F.); (M.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katie Frenis
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.H.); (K.F.); (M.K.)
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.H.); (K.F.); (M.K.)
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.H.); (K.F.); (M.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.H.); (K.F.); (M.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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71
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Zhang Y, Luo W, Li H, Yu G, Luo H, Leng J, Ge J, Zeng R, Guo T, Yin Y, Zhou Y, Liu B. Larger endothelium-dependent contractions in iliac arteries of adult SHRs are attributed to differential downregulation of TP and EP3 receptors in the vessels of WKYs and SHRs during the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 893:173828. [PMID: 33347824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was to determine how endothelium-dependent contractions (EDCs) change in iliac arteries of Wistar-Kyoto (WKYs) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) during the transition from adolescence to adulthood and the underlying mechanism(s). We also aimed to elucidate effects of L-798106, an EP3 receptor antagonist, on EDCs and the blood pressure increase in adolescent SHRs. Blood vessels were isolated for functional and biochemical analyses. EDCs were comparable in adolescent iliac arteries of both strains, and contractions to ACh, prostacyclin (PGI2), the EP3 receptor agonist sulprostone and the TP receptor agonist U46619 in adult vessels were less prominent compared with those in the adolescents, while the attenuation of vasoconstrictions to ACh, PGI2 or U46619 with age was to a lesser extent in SHRs. PGI2 production was decreased to a similar level in adult arteries. TP and EP3 expressions were downregulated in adult vessels, whereas the extent of TP downregulation was less in SHRs. L-798106 partially suppressed the vasoconstrictions to U46619 and attenuated EDCs to a greater extent than SQ29548, and administration of L-798106 blunted the blood pressure increase with age in prehypertensive SHRs. These results demonstrate the comparable EDCs in iliac arteries of the adolescents are decreased in the adults, but relatively larger EDCs in adult SHRs can be a reflection of differential downregulation of TP and EP3 receptors during the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Also, our data suggest that blockade of both TP and EP3 receptors starting from the prehypertensive stage suppresses EDCs and the development of hypertension in SHRs.
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MESH Headings
- Age Factors
- Animals
- Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Hypertension/prevention & control
- Iliac Artery/metabolism
- Iliac Artery/physiopathology
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Thromboxane/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Thromboxane/genetics
- Receptors, Thromboxane/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhan Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wenhong Luo
- Bio-analytical Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Bio-analytical Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hongjun Luo
- Bio-analytical Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jing Leng
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jiahui Ge
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ruhui Zeng
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yehu Yin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yingbi Zhou
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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Lee J, Yoo JH, Kim HS, Cho YK, Lee YL, Lee WJ, Park JY, Jung CH. C1q/TNF-related protein-9 attenuates palmitic acid-induced endothelial cell senescence via increasing autophagy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 521:111114. [PMID: 33301838 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an important process in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 (CTRP9) is the closest adiponectin paralog. CTRP9 has anti-aging and anti-atherogenic effects, but its roles in autophagy and endothelial senescence are currently unknown. This study aimed to evaluate whether CTRP9 prevents palmitic acid (PA)-induced endothelial senescence by promoting autophagy. After no treatment or pre-treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with CTRP9 prior to PA treatment, the level of senescence was measured by senescence associated acidic β-galactosidase staining and the level of hyperphosphorylated pRB protein. Autophagy was evaluated by LC3 conversion and the level of p62/SQSTM1, a protein degraded during autophagy. Autophagosome-lysosome fusion was detected by fluorescence microscopy. Pre-treatment with CTRP9 attenuated PA-induced endothelial senescence. CTRP9 increased the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and decreased p62 levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Although both CTRP9 and PA treatment increased LC3 conversion, treatment with PA increased the expression level of p62 and decreased the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, which represented decreased autophagic flux. However, pre-treatment with CTRP9 recovered the autophagic flux inhibited by PA. AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation was involved in LC3 conversion and decreased p62 levels induced by CTRP9. CTRP9 inhibits PA-induced endothelial senescence by recovering autophagy and autophagic flux through AMPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hee Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi Seung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo La Lee
- Asan Institute of Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Je Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Yeol Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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73
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Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and some other vascular diseases. ED has been demonstrated in patients with hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, and in patients with atherosclerotic disease. Besides classical risk factors, ED is affected by chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, particularly viral diseases. Causes of ED include oxidative stress, inflammation, and shear stress, which decrease the bioavailability of nitric oxide. Markers of ED have been sought, particularly circulating markers. Using these tests, it is possible to evaluate the response to harmful effects of risk factors and the effects of treatment on vessel wall function. Endothelial dysfunction is significantly and directly correlated with the occurrence of cardiac events and the risk of cardiac events increase as ED worsens. Because endothelial function plays a central role in atherogenesis it became a therapeutic target. Endothelial dysfunction is reversible and its improvement may be achieved by elimination of risk factors, inhibitors of endothelium-derived contracting factors (angiotensin-converting enzyme), smoking cessation, lipid-lowering drugs, diet, and physical exercise. By reversing ED, it is possible to restore vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Poredos
- Department of Vascular Disease, 37663University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapies and Transplantation, 7067The University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Igor Gregoric
- Department of Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapies and Transplantation, 7067The University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston, TX, USA
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74
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Berenji Ardestani S, Matchkov VV, Hansen K, Jespersen NR, Pedersen M, Eftedal I. Extensive Simulated Diving Aggravates Endothelial Dysfunction in Male Pro-atherosclerotic ApoE Knockout Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 11:611208. [PMID: 33424633 PMCID: PMC7786538 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.611208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The average age of the diving population is rising, and the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in divers are accordingly increasing. It is an open question whether this risk is altered by diving per se. In this study, we examined the effect of 7-weeks simulated diving on endothelial function and mitochondrial respiration in atherosclerosis-prone rats. Methods Twenty-four male ApoE knockout (KO) rats (9-weeks-old) were fed a Western diet for 8 weeks before 12 rats were exposed to simulated heliox dry-diving in a pressure chamber (600 kPa for 60 min, decompression of 50 kPa/min). The rats were dived twice-weekly for 7 weeks, resulting in a total of 14 dives. The remaining 12 non-diving rats served as controls. Endothelial function of the pulmonary and mesenteric arteries was examined in vitro using an isometric myograph. Mitochondrial respiration in cardiac muscle tissues was measured using high-resolution respirometry. Results and Conclusion Both ApoE KO diving and non-diving rats showed changes in endothelial function at the end of the intervention, but the extent of these changes was larger in the diving group. Altered nitric oxide signaling was primarily involved in these changes. Mitochondrial respiration was unaltered. In this pro-atherosclerotic rat model of cardiovascular changes, extensive diving appeared to aggravate endothelial dysfunction rather than promote adaptation to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Berenji Ardestani
- MEMBRANES, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vladimir V Matchkov
- MEMBRANES, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Hansen
- Comparative Medicine Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Section for Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Michael Pedersen
- Comparative Medicine Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Eftedal
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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75
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Silva H, Francisco R, Saraiva A, Francisco S, Carrascosa C, Raposo A. The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis-A Comprehensive Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10010027. [PMID: 33406745 PMCID: PMC7823408 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Propolis, also described as bee glue, is a natural component made up of a resinous mixture of honeybee compounds from multiple botanical sources. The literature has demonstrated a variety of medicinal properties attributed to propolis due to its chemical complexity. However, the positive effects of propolis on cardiovascular health have gained little coverage. Therefore, we aimed to provide an accurate and up-to-date review of the main cardiovascular health benefits of propolis. In particular, we intend to establish the key varieties of propolis and pharmacological compounds with the therapeutic effects that are most encouraging, as well as the physiological processes by which those advantages are accomplished. The Brazilian green and red varieties reveal the greatest number of beneficial activities among the varieties of propolis studied. While much of the cardiovascular beneficial effects appear to derive from the cumulative actions of several compounds working via multiple signaling mechanisms, some individual compounds that may enhance the existing therapeutic arsenal have also shown significant results. It is also worth exploring the prospect of using propolis as food supplements. Abstract Owing to its chemical richness, propolis has a myriad of therapeutic properties. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review paper on propolis to focus exclusively on its major effects for cardiovascular health. The propolis compound varieties with the most promising therapeutic benefits and their respective physiological mechanisms will be discussed. Propolis displays an anti-atherosclerotic activity, attained through modulation of the plasma lipid profile and through stabilization of the fatty plaque by inhibiting macrophage apoptosis, vascular smooth muscle proliferation and metalloproteinase activity. The antihypertensive effects of propolis probably arise through the combination of several mechanisms, including the suppression of catecholamine synthesis, stimulation of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and vascular anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-hemostatic activity of propolis is attributed to the inhibition of platelet plug formation and antifibrinolytic activity. By inhibiting the secretion of proangiogenic factors, propolis suppresses endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis, exerting antiangiogenic activity. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are responsible for protection against vascular endothelial and cardiomyocyte dysfunction, mostly by the prevention of oxidative stress. Among the reviewed propolis varieties, the Brazilian green and red varieties show the largest number of beneficial activities. Further research, especially preclinical, should be conducted to assess the cardiovascular benefits of the given varieties with different compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Silva
- Informetrics Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Rafaela Francisco
- Pharmacological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Prof Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Ariana Saraiva
- Department of Animal Pathology and Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35413 Arucas, Spain; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Simone Francisco
- Faculty of Medicine, Nutrition Lab—Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Conrado Carrascosa
- Department of Animal Pathology and Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35413 Arucas, Spain; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (A.R.)
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76
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Kolářová H, Víteček J, Černá A, Černík M, Přibyl J, Skládal P, Potěšil D, Ihnatová I, Zdráhal Z, Hampl A, Klinke A, Kubala L. Myeloperoxidase mediated alteration of endothelial function is dependent on its cationic charge. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:14-26. [PMID: 33271281 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) glycocalyx (GLX) comprise a multicomponent layer of proteoglycans and glycoproteins. Alteration of its integrity contributes to chronic vascular inflammation and leads to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a highly abundant enzyme released by polymorphonuclear neutrophils, binds to the GLX and deleteriously affects vascular EC functions. The focus of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of MPO-mediated alteration of GLX molecules, and to unravel subsequent changes in endothelial integrity and function. MPO binding to GLX of human ECs and subsequent internalization was mediated by cell surface heparan sulfate chains. Moreover, interaction of MPO, which is carrying a cationic charge, with anionic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) resulted in reduction of their relative charge. By means of micro-viscometry and atomic force microscopy, we disclosed that MPO can crosslink GAG chains. MPO-dependent modulation of GLX structure was further supported by alteration of wheat germ agglutinin staining. Increased expression of ICAM-1 documented endothelial cell activation by both catalytically active and also inactive MPO. Furthermore, MPO increased vascular permeability connected with reorganization of intracellular junctions, however, this was dependent on MPO's catalytic activity. Novel proteins interacting with MPO during transcytosis were identified by proteomic analysis. Altogether, these findings provide evidence that MPO through interaction with GAGs modulates overall charge of the GLX, causing modification of its structure and thus affecting EC function. Importantly, our results also suggest a number of proteins interacting with MPO that possess a variety of cellular localizations and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kolářová
- Department of Biophysics of Immune System, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Víteček
- Department of Biophysics of Immune System, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Černá
- Department of Biophysics of Immune System, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Černík
- Department of Biophysics of Immune System, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Přibyl
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Potěšil
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Ihnatová
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic; National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Klinke
- Clinic of General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Agnes Wittenborg Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Lukáš Kubala
- Department of Biophysics of Immune System, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, Brno, Czech Republic.
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77
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Orkaby AR, Kornej J, Lubitz SA, McManus DD, Travison TG, Sherer JA, Trinquart L, Murabito JM, Benjamin EJ, Preis SR. Association Between Frailty and Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults: The Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 10:e018557. [PMID: 33372538 PMCID: PMC7955470 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Frailty is associated bidirectionally with cardiovascular disease. However, the relations between frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF) have not been fully elucidated. Methods and Results Using the FHS (Framingham Heart Study) Offspring cohort, we sought to examine both the association between frailty (2005-2008) and incident AF through 2016 and the association between prevalent AF and frailty status (2011-2014). Frailty was defined using the Fried phenotype. Models adjusted for age, sex, and smoking. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for competing risk of death, assessed the association between prevalent frailty and incident AF. Logistic regression models assessed the association between prevalent AF and new-onset frailty. For the incident AF analysis, we included 2053 participants (56% women; mean age, 69.7±6.9 years). By Fried criteria, 1018 (50%) were robust, 903 (44%) were prefrail, and 132 (6%) were frail. In total, 306 incident cases of AF occurred during an average 9.2 (SD, 3.1) follow-up years. After adjustment, there was no statistically significant association between prevalent frailty status and incident AF (prefrail versus robust: hazard ratio [HR], 1.22 [95% CI, 0.95-1.55]; frail versus robust: HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.57-1.47]). At follow-up, there were 111 new cases of frailty. After adjustment, there was no statistically significant association between prevalent AF and new-onset frailty (odds ratio, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.17-1.36]). Conclusions Although a bidirectional association between frailty and cardiovascular disease has been suggested, we did not find evidence of an association between frailty and AF. Our findings may be limited by sample size and should be further explored in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela R Orkaby
- New England GRECC (Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston MA.,Division of Aging Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Jelena Kornej
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's FHS (Framingham Heart Study) Framingham MA.,Sections of Cardiovascular Medicine and Preventive Medicine Boston Medical CenterBoston University School of Medicine Boston MA
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Cardiology Division Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - David D McManus
- Department of Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA
| | - Thomas G Travison
- Marcus Institute for Aging ResearchHebrew Senior LifeHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Jason A Sherer
- Section of General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA
| | - Ludovic Trinquart
- Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA
| | - Joanne M Murabito
- Section of General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's FHS (Framingham Heart Study) Framingham MA.,Sections of Cardiovascular Medicine and Preventive Medicine Boston Medical CenterBoston University School of Medicine Boston MA.,Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA.,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA
| | - Sarah R Preis
- Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA
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78
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Shiwakoti S, Adhikari D, Lee JP, Kang KW, Lee IS, Kim HJ, Oak MH. Prevention of Fine Dust-Induced Vascular Senescence by Humulus lupulus Extract and Its Major Bioactive Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1243. [PMID: 33297587 PMCID: PMC7762380 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Both short- and long-term exposure to fine dust (FD) from air pollution has been linked to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Endothelial cell (EC) senescence is an important risk factor for CVDs, and recent evidence suggests that FD-induced premature EC senescence increases oxidative stress levels. Hop plant (Humulus lupulus) is a very rich source of polyphenols known to have nutritional and therapeutic properties, including antioxidant behavior. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether Humulus lupulus extract prevents FD-induced vascular senescence and dysfunction and, if so, to characterize the underlying mechanisms and active components. Porcine coronary arteries and endothelial cells were treated with FD in the presence or absence of hop extract (HOP), and the senescence-associated-beta galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, cell-cycle progression, expression of senescence markers, oxidative stress level, and vascular function were evaluated. Results indicated that HOP inhibited FD-induced SA-β-gal activity, cell-cycle arrest, and oxidative stress, suggesting that HOP prevents premature induction of senescence by FD. HOP also ameliorated FD-induced vascular dysfunction. Additionally, xanthohumol (XN) and isoxanthohumol (IX) were found to produce the protective effects of HOP. Treatment with HOP and its primary active components XN and IX downregulated the expression of p22phox, p53, and angiotensin type 1 receptor, which all are known FD-induced redox-sensitive EC senescence inducers. Taken together, HOP and its active components protect against FD-induced endothelial senescence most likely via antioxidant activity and may be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and/or treating air-pollution-associated CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saugat Shiwakoti
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Deepak Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Jeong Pyo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Ki-Woon Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34824, Korea;
| | - Ik-Soo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Min-Ho Oak
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
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79
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Kawahara T, Ito H, Uemura H. The impact of smoking on male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Sci Rep 2020; 10:20212. [PMID: 33214664 PMCID: PMC7678847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are substantially prevalent and increase with age. Research on smoking as a risk factor for LUTS has been inconclusive. The present study examined the association between smoking habits and male LUTS in a population-based study using a web-based questionnaire. We firstly screened a total of 10,000 male participants who were selected according to the age distribution in the Japanese population in government data, in order to check smoking habits. We then performed a web-based survey to further investigate factors associated with LUTS, using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire. Finally, 9042 participants (non-smokers, n = 3545; ex-smokers, n = 3060; and current-smokers, n = 2437) completed the full continence survey. Current-smokers (2.54 ± 2.73, 1.98 ± 3.57, 5.75 ± 7.02) and ex-smokers (2.80 ± 2.52, 1.81 ± 3.10, 6.58 ± 6.96) showed significantly higher OABSS total, ICIQ-SF total, and IPSS total scores than non-smokers (1.98 ± 2.40, 1.35 ± 2.90, 4.23 + -/6.33) (p: < 0.0001, < 0.0001, < 0.0001, respectively). In comparison to non-smokers, the prevalence of risk ratio for day-time frequency, nocturia, urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), OAB, and IPSS ≥ 8 were 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5, respectively, in current-smokers and 1.3, 1.5, 1.5, 4.5, 1.8 in ex-smokers. The relative risk of OAB, nocturia, UUI, and IPSS ≥ 8 in ex- and current-smokers in comparison to non-smokers was high in the young age groups in comparison to the elderly groups. Current-smokers and ex-smokers showed a higher prevalence of male LUTS. This phenomenon was highly observed in relatively young age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kawahara
- Departments of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57, Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 2320024, Japan. .,Department of Urology, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Ito
- Departments of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57, Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 2320024, Japan.,Department of Urology, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroji Uemura
- Departments of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57, Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 2320024, Japan
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80
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Urolithin A augments angiogenic pathways in skeletal muscle by bolstering NAD + and SIRT1. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20184. [PMID: 33214614 PMCID: PMC7678835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76564-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Urolithin A (UA) is a natural compound that is known to improve muscle function. In this work we sought to evaluate the effect of UA on muscle angiogenesis and identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were administered with UA (10 mg/body weight) for 12–16 weeks. ATP levels and NAD+ levels were measured using in vivo 31P NMR and HPLC, respectively. UA significantly increased ATP and NAD+ levels in mice skeletal muscle. Unbiased transcriptomics analysis followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed upregulation of angiogenic pathways upon UA supplementation in murine muscle. The expression of the differentially regulated genes were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Angiogenic markers such as VEGFA and CDH5 which were blunted in skeletal muscles of 28 week old mice were found to be upregulated upon UA supplementation. Such augmentation of skeletal muscle vascularization was found to be bolstered via Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1-alpha (PGC-1α) pathway. Inhibition of SIRT1 by selisistat EX527 blunted UA-induced angiogenic markers in C2C12 cells. Thus this work provides maiden evidence demonstrating that UA supplementation bolsters skeletal muscle ATP and NAD+ levels causing upregulated angiogenic pathways via a SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway.
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81
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Berenji Ardestani S, Eftedal I, Pedersen M, Jeppesen PB, Nørregaard R, Matchkov VV. Endothelial dysfunction in small arteries and early signs of atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15296. [PMID: 32943715 PMCID: PMC7499202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72338-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is recognized as a major contributor to atherosclerosis and has been suggested to be evident far before plaque formation. Endothelial dysfunction in small resistance arteries has been suggested to initiate long before changes in conduit arteries. In this study, we address early changes in endothelial function of atherosclerosis prone rats. Male ApoE knockout (KO) rats (11- to 13-weeks-old) were subjected to either a Western or standard diet. The diet intervention continued for a period of 20–24 weeks. Endothelial function of pulmonary and mesenteric arteries was examined in vitro using an isometric myograph. We found that Western diet decreased the contribution of cyclooxygenase (COX) to control the vascular tone of both pulmonary and mesenteric arteries. These changes were associated with early stage atherosclerosis and elevated level of plasma total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride in ApoE KO rats. Chondroid-transformed smooth muscle cells, calcifications, macrophages accumulation and foam cells were also observed in the aortic arch from ApoE KO rats fed Western diet. The ApoE KO rats are a new model to study endothelial dysfunction during the earlier stages of atherosclerosis and could help us improve preclinical drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Berenji Ardestani
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark. .,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Ingrid Eftedal
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Michael Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Per Bendix Jeppesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Rikke Nørregaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Vladimir V Matchkov
- Department of Biomedicine, MEMBRANES, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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82
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Lee HY, Kim HK, Hoang TH, Yang S, Kim HR, Chae HJ. The correlation of IRE1α oxidation with Nox4 activation in aging-associated vascular dysfunction. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101727. [PMID: 33010578 PMCID: PMC7530295 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress attributable to the activation of a Nox4-containing NADPH oxidase is involved in aging-associated vascular dysfunction. However, the Nox4-induced signaling mechanism for the vascular alteration in aging remains unclear. In an aged aorta, the expression of Nox4 mRNA and protein by Nox family of genes was markedly increased compared with a young aorta. Nox4 localization mainly to ER was also established. In the aorta of Nox4 WT mice aged 23–24 months (aged), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/oxidative stress were markedly increased compared with the counter KO mice. Furthermore, endothelial functions including eNOS coupling process and acetylcholine-induced vasodilation were significantly disturbed in the aged WT, slightly affected in the counter KO aorta. Consistently, in d-galactose-induced in vitro aging condition, ER-ROS and its associated ER Nox4 expression and activity were highly increased. Also, in chronic d-galactose-treated condition, IRE1α phosphorylation and XBP-1 splicing and were transiently increased, but IRE1α sulfonation was robustly increased in the aging Nox4 WT condition when compared to the counter KO condition. In vitro D-gal-induced aging study, the phenomenon were abrogated with Nox4 knock-down condition and was significantly decreased in GKT, Nox4 inhibitor and 4-PBA, ER chemical chaperone-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The state of Nox4-based ER redox imbalance/ROS accumulation is suggested to determine the pathway “the UPR; IRE1α phosphorylation and XBP-1 splicing and the UPR failure; IRE1α cysteine-based oxidation, especially sulfonation, finally controlling aging-associated vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea; Non-Clinical Evaluation Center Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyoung Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - The-Hiep Hoang
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea; Non-Clinical Evaluation Center Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, South Korea
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 152, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, South Korea; School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea.
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83
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Ronderos Botero DM, Omar AMS, Sun HK, Mantri N, Fortuzi K, Choi Y, Adrish M, Nicu M, Bella JN, Chilimuri S. COVID-19 in the Healthy Patient Population: Demographic and Clinical Phenotypic Characterization and Predictors of In-Hospital Outcomes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2764-2775. [PMID: 32907371 PMCID: PMC7571843 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can infect patients in any age group including those with no comorbid conditions. Understanding the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of these patients is important toward developing successful treatment strategies. Approach and Results: In a retrospective study design, consecutive patients without baseline comorbidities hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 were included. Patients were subdivided into ≤55 and >55 years of age. Predictors of in-hospital mortality or mechanical ventilation were analyzed in this patient population, as well as subgroups. Stable parameters in overall and subgroup models were used to construct a cluster model for phenotyping of patients. Of 1207 COVID-19-positive patients, 157 met the study criteria (80≤55 and 77>55 years of age). Most reliable predictors of outcomes overall and in subgroups were age, initial and follow-up d-dimer, and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) levels. Their predictive cutoff values were used to construct a cluster model that produced 3 main clusters. Cluster 1 was a low-risk cluster and was characterized by younger patients who had low thrombotic and inflammatory features. Cluster 2 was intermediate risk that also consisted of younger population that had moderate level of thrombosis, higher inflammatory cells, and inflammatory markers. Cluster 3 was a high-risk cluster that had the most aggressive thrombotic and inflammatory feature. CONCLUSIONS In healthy patient population, COVID-19 remains significantly associated with morbidity and mortality. While age remains the most important predictor of in-hospital outcomes, thromboinflammatory interactions are also associated with worse clinical outcomes regardless of age in healthy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Maria Ronderos Botero
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
| | - Alaa Mabrouk Salem Omar
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.).,Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A.M.S.O., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.).,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, New York, NY (A.M.S.O.)
| | - Haozhe Keith Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
| | - Nikhitha Mantri
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
| | - Ked Fortuzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
| | - Yongsub Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
| | - Muhammad Adrish
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.).,Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A.M.S.O., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
| | - Marin Nicu
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.).,Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A.M.S.O., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
| | - Jonathan N Bella
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.).,Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A.M.S.O., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
| | - Sridhar Chilimuri
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, NY (D.M.R.B., A.M.S.O., H.K.S., N.M., K.F., Y.C., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.).,Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A.M.S.O., M.A., M.N., J.N.B., S.C.)
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84
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Daiber A, Chlopicki S. Revisiting pharmacology of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease: Evidence for redox-based therapies. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 157:15-37. [PMID: 32131026 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
According to the latest Global Burden of Disease Study data, non-communicable diseases in general and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in particular are the leading cause of premature death and reduced quality of life. Demographic shifts, unhealthy lifestyles and a higher burden of adverse environmental factors provide an explanation for these findings. The expected growing prevalence of CVD requires enhanced research efforts for identification and characterisation of novel therapeutic targets and strategies. Cardiovascular risk factors including classical (e.g. hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia) and non-classical (e.g. environmental stress) factors induce the development of endothelial dysfunction, which is closely associated with oxidant stress and vascular inflammation and results in CVD, particularly in older adults. Most classically successful therapies for CVD display vasoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, but were originally designed with other therapeutic aims. So far, only a few 'redox drugs' are in clinical use and many antioxidant strategies have not met expectations. With the present review, we summarise the actual knowledge on CVD pathomechanisms, with special emphasis on endothelial dysfunction, adverse redox signalling and oxidative stress, highlighting the preclinical and clinical evidence. In addition, we provide a brief overview of established CVD therapies and their relation to endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Finally, we discuss novel strategies for redox-based CVD therapies trying to explain why, despite a clear link between endothelial dysfunction and adverse redox signalling and oxidative stress, redox- and oxidative stress-based therapies have not yet provided a breakthrough in the treatment of endothelial dysfunction and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- The Center for Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; The Partner Site Rhine-Main, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- The Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland; Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531, Krakow, Poland.
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85
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Craighead DH, Freeberg KA, Seals DR. Vascular Endothelial Function in Midlife/Older Adults Classified According to 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016625. [PMID: 32815446 PMCID: PMC7660773 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Impaired endothelial function is thought to contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk associated with above‐normal blood pressure (BP). However, the association between endothelial function and BP classified by 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines is unknown. Our objective was to determine if endothelial function decreases in midlife/older adults across the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines BP classifications and identify associated mechanisms of action. Methods and Results A retrospective analysis of endothelial function (brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation) from 988 midlife/older adults (aged 50+ years) stratified by BP status (normal BP; elevated BP; stage 1 hypertension; stage 2 hypertension) was performed. Endothelium‐independent dilation (sublingual nitroglycerin), reactive oxygen species–mediated suppression of endothelial function (∆brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation with vitamin C infusion), and endothelial cell and plasma markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were assessed in subgroups. Compared with normal BP (n=411), brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation was 12% (P=0.04), 15% (P<0.01) and 20% (P<0.01) lower with elevated BP (n=173), stage 1 hypertension (n=248) and stage 2 hypertension (n=156), respectively, whereas endothelium‐independent dilation did not differ (P=0.14). Vitamin C infusion increased brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation in those with above‐normal BP (P≤0.02) but not normal BP (P=0.11). Endothelial cell p47phox (P<0.01), a marker of superoxide/reactive oxygen species–generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and circulating interleukin‐6 concentrations (P=0.01) were higher in individuals with above‐normal BP. Conclusions Vascular endothelial function is progressively impaired with increasing BP in otherwise healthy adults classified by 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines. Impaired endothelial function with above‐normal BP is mediated by excessive reactive oxygen species signaling associated with increased endothelial expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and circulating interleukin‐6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Craighead
- Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Kaitlin A Freeberg
- Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Douglas R Seals
- Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
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86
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Gao P, Gao P, Choi M, Chegireddy K, Slivano OJ, Zhao J, Zhang W, Long X. Transcriptome analysis of mouse aortae reveals multiple novel pathways regulated by aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15603-15623. [PMID: 32805724 PMCID: PMC7467355 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vascular aging has been documented as a vital process leading to arterial dysfunction and age-related cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of age-related phenotypes in the vascular system is incomplete. Here we performed bulk RNA sequencing in young and old mouse aortae to elucidate age-associated changes in the transcriptome. Results showed that the majority of upregulated pathways in aged aortae relate to immune response, including inflammation activation, apoptotic clearance, and phagocytosis. The top downregulated pathway in aged aortae was extracellular matrix organization. Additionally, protein folding control and stress response pathways were downregulated in the aged vessels, with an array of downregulated genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs). We also found that circadian core clock genes were differentially expressed in young versus old aortae. Finally, transcriptome analysis combined with protein expression examination and smooth muscle cell (SMC) lineage tracing revealed that SMCs in aged aortae retained the differentiated phenotype, with an insignificant decrease in SMC marker gene expression. Our results therefore unveiled critical pathways regulated by arterial aging in mice, which will provide important insight into strategies to defy vascular aging and age-associated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Pan Gao
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mihyun Choi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kavya Chegireddy
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Orazio J Slivano
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jinjing Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Xiaochun Long
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.,Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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87
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Jeon SY, Kim MR, Yu SH, Kim MJ, Shim KS, Shin E, Lee JJ, Lee YC. Combined Extract of Vitis vinifera L. and Centella asiatica Synergistically Attenuates Oxidative Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 25:173-183. [PMID: 32676469 PMCID: PMC7333004 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2020.25.2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury caused by oxidative stress is a critical factor in the initial stage of vascular diseases. Thus, identification of more effective antioxidants is a promising strategy to protect against endothelial cell injury. Recently, synergistic effects between phytochemicals have received renewed attention for their role in the treatment of various diseases. Vitis vinifera L. and Centella asiatica are well-known medicinal plants with various biological effects. However, the combination of the two has not previously been studied. Here, we investigated the effects of V. vinifera L. leaf and C. asiatica extract combination (VCEC), a standardized herbal blend comprising V. vinifera L. leaf extract (VE) and C. asiatica extract (CE), for its antioxidant activity and for the protection of endothelial cells against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated oxidative damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). VCEC showed higher antioxidant activity than VE or CE in oxygen radical antioxidant capacity assays. In HUVECs, VCEC significantly suppressed increases in the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreased levels of nitric oxide and vascular endothelial-cadherin, and increased endothelial hyperpermeability triggered by H2O2. Treatment with VE or CE alone ameliorated HUVEC injury in a pattern similar to VCEC, although their effects were significantly weaker than VCEC. Overall, VCEC exhibited a substantial synergistic effect on protecting endothelial cells against oxidative damage through its antioxidant activity. Therefore, VCEC could be developed as a potential agent for reducing the risk of vascular diseases related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Yeong Jeon
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | - Mi Ran Kim
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Yu
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jeong Jun Lee
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
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88
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Jeon SY, Kim MR, Lee EO, Jeon BH, Lee JJ, Lee YC. Effect of a new herbal composition comprised of red clover and hop extract on human endothelial cell damage and vasorelaxant activity. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13314. [PMID: 32542699 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hormone replacement therapy may cause various side effects, including enhancing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women. Here, we investigated the effect of red clover and hop extract combination (RHEC) on estrogen receptor (ER) binding and endothelial function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to develop an herbal agent for reducing the risk of CVDs. In ER competitor assay, RHEC showed binding affinity toward ERα and ERβ with IC50 values of 5.92 µg/ml and 1.66 µg/ml, respectively. In HUVECs, RHEC significantly increased the cell viability and reduced the reactive oxygen species production against oxidative stress-induced damage. We also showed that RHEC increased the NO production through upregulating the endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression via ER activation in estrogen depleted condition. In particular, RHEC showed greater efficacy with increase in NO and decrease in endothelin-1 than red clover or hop treatment alone. Additionally, 0.3-0.5 mg/ml of RHEC-induced vasorelaxation of rat aortic rings precontracted by phenylephrine. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Recently, a large interest has grown in the synergistic effects of phytochemicals for better therapies to treat various diseases. Red clover and hop are well-known edible plants which are widely used to help relieve postmenopausal symptoms including CVD. However, their combination has not been studied so far. For the first time, we demonstrated that RHEC, a new herbal combination comprising the extracts from red clover and hop, appeared to be effective in protection of endothelial function against oxidative stress and estrogen depletion. Therefore, RHEC could be a potent herbal agent for reducing the risk of endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Yeong Jeon
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd, 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Kim
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd, 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ok Lee
- Department of Physiology, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Department of Physiology, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Jun Lee
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd, 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Lee
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd, 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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89
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Unveiling the Role of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress on Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1954398. [PMID: 32454933 PMCID: PMC7232723 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1954398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The global population above 60 years has been growing exponentially in the last decades, which is accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of age-related chronic diseases, highlighting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Aging is the main risk factor for these diseases. Such susceptibility to disease is explained, at least in part, by the increase of oxidative stress, in which it damages cellular components such as proteins, DNA, and lipids. In addition, the chronic inflammatory process in aging “inflammaging” also contributes to cell damage, creating a stressful environment which drives to the development of CVDs. Taken together, it is possible to identify the molecular connection between oxidative stress and the inflammatory process, especially by the crosstalk between the transcription factors Nrf-2 and NF-κB which are mediated by redox signalling and are involved in aging. Therapies that control this process are key targets in the prevention/combat of age-related CVDs. In this review, we show the basics of inflammation and oxidative stress, including the crosstalk between them, and the implications on age-related CVDs.
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90
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Martins GL, Duarte RCF, Mukhamedyarov MA, Palotás A, Ferreira CN, Reis HJ. Inflammatory and Infectious Processes Serve as Links between Atrial Fibrillation and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3226. [PMID: 32370194 PMCID: PMC7247326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most prevalent forms of arrhythmia that carries an increased risk of stroke which, in turn, is strongly associated with cognitive decline. The majority of dementia cases are caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD) with obscure pathogenesis. While the exact mechanisms are unknown, the role of inflammatory processes and infectious agents have recently been implicated in both AD and AF, suggesting a common link between these maladies. Here, we present the main shared pathways underlying arrhythmia and memory loss. The overlapping predictive biomarkers and emerging joint pharmacological approaches are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lopes Martins
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BR-31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil; (G.L.M.); (R.C.F.D.); (C.N.F.); (H.J.R.)
| | - Rita Carolina Figueiredo Duarte
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BR-31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil; (G.L.M.); (R.C.F.D.); (C.N.F.); (H.J.R.)
| | | | - András Palotás
- Asklepios-Med (Private Medical Practice and Research Center), H-6722 Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, R-420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Cláudia Natália Ferreira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BR-31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil; (G.L.M.); (R.C.F.D.); (C.N.F.); (H.J.R.)
| | - Helton José Reis
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BR-31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil; (G.L.M.); (R.C.F.D.); (C.N.F.); (H.J.R.)
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91
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Carnevale ML, Koleilat I, Lipsitz EC, Friedmann P, Indes JE. Extended screening guidelines for the diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2020; 72:1917-1926. [PMID: 32325228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines are the most widely used criteria for screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). However, when the USPSTF criteria are applied retrospectively to a group of patients who have undergone treatment for AAA, there are many patients who satisfy none of the AAA screening criteria. The more sensitive Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) guidelines have expanded the criteria for screening for AAA with the hope of capturing a greater fraction of those individuals who can undergo treatment for their AAA before presenting with AAA rupture. We sought to identify the number of patients who would have been identified as having criteria for screening for AAA by both the USPSTF and SVS criteria, in a cohort of patients who have undergone treatment for AAA. METHODS We assessed demographic, comorbidity, and perioperative complication data for all patients undergoing endovascular and open AAA repair in the Vascular Quality Initiative. Patients meeting each of the screening criteria were identified. Clinical factors and demographic variables were collected. RESULTS We identified 55,197 patients undergoing AAA repair in the Vascular Quality Initiative, including 44,602 patients who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and 10,595 patients undergoing open repair. Of these, the USPTF guidelines would have identified fewer than one-third of patients (32% EVAR and 33% open repair). Applying the SVS guidelines increased the number meeting criteria for screening by 6% and 12% for the EVAR and open repair cohorts, respectively. Finally, adoption of the expanded SVS guidelines (including the "weak recommendations") would have identified an additional 34% of EVAR patients and 21% of open AAA repair patients. Use of the expanded criteria would have resulted in 27% of patients undergoing EVAR and 33% of patients undergoing open AAA repair who would not have met any screening criteria. In EVAR patients not meeting the criteria, 52% were younger than 65 years had a history of heavy smoking. Of all those who did not meet screening criteria, ruptured AAA was twice as prevalent as those who met screening criteria (8.5% vs 4.4%; P ≤ .0001). CONCLUSIONS Expanding established USPSTF screening guidelines to include the expanded SVS criteria may potentially double the number of patients identified with AAA. Smokers under the age of 65, and elderly patients 70 and older with no smoking history, represent two groups with AAA and potentially twice the risk of presenting with rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Carnevale
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Issam Koleilat
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Evan C Lipsitz
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Patricia Friedmann
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Jeffrey E Indes
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
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92
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Radwan E, Bakr MH, Taha S, Sayed SA, Farrag AA, Ali M. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress ameliorates cardiovascular injury in a rat model of metabolic syndrome. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 143:15-25. [PMID: 32311415 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic (Met) syndrome is characterized by hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia with high risk of cardiovascular disease. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key contributor in the pathogenesis of Met syndrome. The current study investigates the effect of Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor, on Met syndrome-induced cardiovascular complications and the possible underlying signalling mechanisms. Met syndrome was induced in rats, which were then treated with TUDCA. Body weight, blood pressure, glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests were performed. ER stress, survival and oxidative stress markers were measured in heart and aorta tissue. The results showed that TUDCA improved metabolic parameters in rats with Met syndrome. Treatment mitigated the Met syndrome-induced cardiovascular complications through upregulating survival markers and downregulating ER and oxidative stress markers. These results highlight the protective effect of ER stress inhibition as a potential target in the management of cardiovascular complications associated with Met syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Radwan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Marwa H Bakr
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Salma Taha
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sally A Sayed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa A Farrag
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Maha Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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93
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Perrin-Sarrado C, Zhou Y, Salgues V, Parent M, Giummelly P, Lartaud I, Gaucher C. S-Nitrosothiols as potential therapeutics to induce a mobilizable vascular store of nitric oxide to counteract endothelial dysfunction. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 173:113686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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94
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Qi J, Li F, Kou J, Yu B. Ophiopogon Saponin C1 Inhibits Lung Tumors by Stabilizing Endothelium Permeability via Inhibition of PKCδ. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:396-407. [PMID: 32015677 PMCID: PMC6990896 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.34978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide, lung cancer is closely related to inflammation. The interaction between tumor cells and inflammatory cells promotes tumor development and metastasis. During tumor development, vascular endothelial cells form the most important barrier to prevent tumor cell migration to the blood and tissue. Increased vascular permeability provides favorable conditions for the migration of tumor cells, and endothelial tight junctions are an important component of the vascular barrier. Protein kinase C δ is involved in the occurrence of non-small cell lung cancer and regulates vascular permeability and tight junction protein expression. Src kinase was reported to play an important role in TNF-α-induced endothelial inflammation. Ophiopogon Saponin C1 is a new chemical compound isolated from Liriope muscari, but its pharmacological activities have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we tested the protective effects of C1 on endothelial permeability in a model of TNF-α-induced endothelial inflammation by transendothelial electrical resistance and sodium fluorescein assays and verified these results in a nude mouse model of experimental pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasis. We further elucidated the mechanism of C1, which was based on the PKCδ and Src proteins, by Western blotting. C1 can inhibit lung cancer in vivo, regulate the level of plasma inflammation in tumor-bearing mice, and protect the pulmonary vascular barrier against injury induced by cancer. It was investigated the expression and distribution of the TJ index protein ZO-1 in mouse vascular endothelium and HUVECs and found that C1 could inhibit the degradation and breakage of the ZO-1 protein. Related signaling experiments confirmed that C1 can inhibit TNF-α and activation of PKCδ and Src kinase. This study laid the foundation for further analysis of new drugs with clear mechanisms and independent intellectual property rights of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
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95
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Teixeira CJ, Veras K, de Oliveira Carvalho CR. Dehydroepiandrosterone on metabolism and the cardiovascular system in the postmenopausal period. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:39-57. [PMID: 31713639 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), mostly present as its sulfated ester (DHEA-S), is an anabolic hormone that naturally declines with age. Furthermore, it is the most abundant androgen and estrogen precursor in humans. Low plasma levels of DHEA have been strongly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. In this respect, DHEA could be regarded as a promising agent against metabolic syndrome (MetS) in postmenopausal women, since several age-related metabolic diseases are reported during aging. There are plenty of experimental evidences showing beneficial effects after DHEA therapy on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as cardiovascular health. However, its potential as a therapeutic agent appears to attract controversy, due to the lack of effects on some symptoms related to MetS. In this review, we examine the available literature regarding the impact of DHEA therapy on adiposity, glucose metabolism, and the cardiovascular system in the postmenopausal period. Both clinical studies and in vitro and in vivo experimental models were selected, and where possible, the main cellular mechanisms involved in DHEA therapy were discussed. Schematic representation showing some of the general effects observed after administration DHEA therapy on target tissues of energy metabolism and the cardiovascular system. ↑ represents an increase, ↓ represents a decrease, - represents a worsening and ↔ represents no change after DHEA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Jordão Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 105 Alexander Fleming St, Campinas, SP, 13083-881, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave., ICB 1, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Katherine Veras
- Department of Nutrition, University of Mogi das Cruzes, 200 Dr. Cândido X. A. Souza Ave., Sao Paulo, SP, 08780-911, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta de Oliveira Carvalho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave., ICB 1, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil.
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96
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Increased Mortality and Vascular Phenotype in a Knock-In Mouse Model of Retinal Vasculopathy With Cerebral Leukoencephalopathy and Systemic Manifestations. Stroke 2020; 51:300-307. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.025176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is an autosomal dominant small vessel disease caused by C-terminal frameshift mutations in the
TREX1
gene that encodes the major mammalian 3′ to 5′ DNA exonuclease. RVCL-S is characterized by vasculopathy, especially in densely vascularized organs, progressive retinopathy, cerebral microvascular disease, white matter lesions, and migraine, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown.
Methods—
Homozygous transgenic RVCL-S knock-in mice expressing a truncated Trex1 (three prime repair exonuclease 1) protein (similar to what is seen in patients) and wild-type littermates, of various age groups, were subjected to (1) a survival analysis, (2) in vivo postocclusive reactive hyperemia and ex vivo Mulvany myograph studies to characterize the microvascular and macrovascular reactivity, and (3) experimental stroke after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion with neurological deficit assessment.
Results—
The mutant mice show increased mortality starting at midlife (
P
=0.03 with hazard ratio, 3.14 [95% CI, 1.05–9.39]). The mutants also show a vascular phenotype as evidenced by attenuated postocclusive reactive hyperemia responses (across all age groups; F[1, 65]=5.7,
P
=0.02) and lower acetylcholine-induced relaxations in aortae (in 20- to 24-month-old mice; RVCL-S knock-in: E
max
: 37±8% versus WT: E
max
: 65±6%,
P
=0.01). A vascular phenotype is also suggested by the increased infarct volume seen in 12- to 14-month-old mutant mice at 24 hours after infarct onset (RVCL-S knock-in: 75.4±2.7 mm
3
versus WT: 52.9±5.6 mm
3
,
P
=0.01).
Conclusions—
Homozygous RVCL-S knock-in mice show increased mortality, signs of abnormal vascular function, and increased sensitivity to experimental stroke and can be instrumental to investigate the pathology seen in patients with RVCL-S.
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97
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Farooq MA, Gaertner S, Amoura L, Niazi ZR, Park SH, Qureshi AW, Oak MH, Toti F, Schini-Kerth VB, Auger C. Intake of omega-3 formulation EPA:DHA 6:1 by old rats for 2 weeks improved endothelium-dependent relaxations and normalized the expression level of ACE/AT1R/NADPH oxidase and the formation of ROS in the mesenteric artery. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 173:113749. [PMID: 31830469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been shown to protect the cardiovascular system, in part, by stimulating the endothelial formation of nitric oxide (NO). EPA:DHA 6:1 has been identified as a potent omega 3 PUFA formulation to induce endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and activation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). This study examined whether intake of EPA:DHA 6:1 (500 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks improves an established endothelial dysfunction in old rats (20 months old), and, if so, the underlying mechanism was subsequently determined. In the main mesenteric artery rings, an endothelial dysfunction characterized by a blunted NO component, an abolished endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization component, and increased endothelium-dependent contractile responses (EDCFs) are observed in old rats compared to young rats. Age-related endothelial dysfunction was associated with increased vascular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of eNOS, components of the local angiotensin system, senescence markers, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the downregulation of COX-1. The EPA:DHA 6:1 treatment improved the NO-mediated relaxation, reduced the EDCF-dependent contractile response and the vascular formation of ROS, and normalized the expression level of all target proteins in the old arterial wall. Thus, the present findings indicate that a 2-week intake of EPA:DHA 6:1 by old rats restored endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxations, most likely, by preventing the upregulation of the local angiotensin system and the subsequent formation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Farooq
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sébastien Gaertner
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg (HUS), Service des Maladies Vasculaires - Hypertension Artérielle, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lamia Amoura
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Zahid R Niazi
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sin-Hee Park
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Abdul W Qureshi
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Min-Ho Oak
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Florence Toti
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie B Schini-Kerth
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg (HUS), Service des Maladies Vasculaires - Hypertension Artérielle, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Cyril Auger
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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98
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Ageing enhances the shedding of splenocyte microvesicles with endothelial pro-senescent effect that is prevented by a short-term intake of omega-3 PUFA EPA:DHA 6:1. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 173:113734. [PMID: 31811867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing is associated with progressive endothelial senescence and dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk. Circulating endothelial microvesicles (MVs) are pro-senescent and pro-inflammatory endothelial effectors in acute coronary syndrome. Omega-3 PUFA intake was claimed beneficial in cardiovascular prevention. PURPOSE To investigate whether the intake of the omega-3 formulation EPA:DHA 6:1 by middle-aged and old rats reduces the shedding of pro-senescent microvesicles from cultured spleen leukocytes (SMVs) and clarify the underlying mechanisms in target coronary primary endothelial cells (ECs). METHODS Middle-aged male Wistar rats (M, 48-week old) received 500 mg/kg/d of either EPA:DHA 6:1, EPA:DHA 1:1, or vehicle (CTL) for 7 days, old rats (72-week old) for 14 days. Spleen-derived leukocytes were prepared and cultured for 24 h and MVs collected from supernatants (SMVs). Cultured ECs were prepared from freshly isolated porcine coronary arteries. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity (SA-β-gal) was assessed by C12FDG, protein expression by Western blot analysis, oxidative stress by dihydroethidium using confocal microscopy, and procoagulant MVs by prothrombinase assay. The pro-senescent potential of SMVs from middle-aged rats (M-SMVs) was analyzed by comparison with young (Y, 12-week) and old (O) rats. RESULTS The shedding of SMVs significantly increased with age and was inhibited by EPA:DHA 6:1 intake that also prevented ROS accumulation in spleen. Incubation of ECs with 10 nM SMVs from middle-aged and old but not those from young rats induced premature senescence after 48 h. The pro-senescent effect of M-SMVs was prevented by Losartan and associated with endothelial oxidative stress. M-SMVs induced an up-regulation of senescence markers (p16, p21, p53), pro-atherothrombotic (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, tissue factor) and pro-inflammatory markers (pNF-κB, COX-2) and proteins of the angiotensin system (ACE, AT1-R). Conversely, endothelial NO synthase was down-regulated. Intake of EPA:DHA 1:1 and 6:1 by middle-aged rats decreased SMV shedding by 14% and 24%, respectively. Only EPA:DHA 6:1 intake abolished the M-SMVs-induced endothelial senescence and reduced the pro-senescent action of O-SMVs by 45%. Protection of ECs was not observed in response to SMVs from EPA:DHA 1:1 treated rats. CONCLUSION Ingestion of EPA:DHA 6:1 by middle-aged or old rats, respectively abolished or limited both the shedding of SMVs and their pro-senescent, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory effects in ECs, most likely by triggering the local angiotensin system. EPA:DHA 6:1 may help to delay ageing-related endothelial dysfunction.
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Abdelkarim D, Zhao Y, Turner MP, Sivakolundu DK, Lu H, Rypma B. A neural-vascular complex of age-related changes in the human brain: Anatomy, physiology, and implications for neurocognitive aging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:927-944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Kim M, Yu HY, Ju H, Shin JH, Kim A, Lee J, Ryu CM, Yun H, Lee S, Lim J, Heo J, Shin DM, Choo MS. Induction of detrusor underactivity by extensive vascular endothelial damages of iliac arteries in a rat model and its pathophysiology in the genetic levels. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16328. [PMID: 31705030 PMCID: PMC6841737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52811-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We tried to establish a reliable detrusor underactivity (DUA) rat model and to investigate pathophysiology of chronic bladder ischemia (CBI) on voiding behavior and bladder function. Adult male rats were divided into five groups. The arterial injury (AI) groups (AI-10, AI-20, AI-30) underwent vascular endothelial damage (VED) of bilateral iliac arteries (with 10, 20, and 30 bilateral repetitions of injury, respectively) and received a 1.25% cholesterol diet. The sham group underwent sham operation and received the same diet. Controls received a regular diet. After 8 weeks, all rats underwent unanesthetized cystometrogram. Bladder tissues were processed for organ bath investigation, immunohistochemistry staining, and genome-wide gene expression analysis. Awake cystometry analysis showed that frequency of voiding contractions and micturition pressure were lower in the AI-30 group than in sham group (p < 0.01). Contractile responses to various stimuli were lower in AI-20 and AI-30 groups (both p < 0.001). In the AI-20 and AI-30 groups, atherosclerotic occlusion in the iliac arteries, tissue inflammation, fibrosis, denervation, and apoptosis of bladder muscle were prominent compared to the sham. Mechanistically, the expression of purinergic receptor P2X-1 was reduced in the AI-30 group, and the genome-wide gene expression analysis revealed that genes related to IL-17 and HIF-1 signaling pathways including INF-γ receptor-1 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-2 were upregulated in the CBI-induced DUA rat model. A rat model of progressive VED successfully induced DUA. Abnormal tissue inflammation, fibrosis, denervation, and bladder muscle tissue apoptosis may be involved in CBI-induced DUA pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Kim
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Yeul Yu
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyein Ju
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Shin
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Urology, Konkuk University Hospital, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Min Ryu
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - HongDuck Yun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbeom Heo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Soo Choo
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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