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Nakamachi Y, Uto K, Hayashi S, Okano T, Morinobu A, Kuroda R, Kawan S, Saegusa J. Exosomes derived from synovial fibroblasts from patients with rheumatoid arthritis promote macrophage migration that can be suppressed by miR-124-3p. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14986. [PMID: 37151687 PMCID: PMC10161379 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Exosomes are potent vehicles for intercellular communication. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic disease of unknown etiology. Local administration of miR-124 precursor to rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis suppresses systemic arthritis and bone destruction. Thus, exosomes may be involved in this disease. We aimed to determine the role of exosomes in the pathology of RA. Methods Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were collected from patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA). miR-124-3p mimic was transfected into the RA FLS (RA miR-124 FLS). Exosomes were collected from the culture medium by ultracentrifugation. Macrophages were produced from THP-1 cells. MicroRNAs in the exosomes were analyzed using real-time PCR. Proteomics analysis was performed using nanoscale liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Macrophage migration was evaluated using a Transwell migration assay. SiRNA was used to knockdown proteins of interest. Results MicroRNAs in the RA FLS, RA miR-124 FLS, and OA FLS exosomes were similar. Proteomics analysis revealed that pentraxin 3 (PTX3) levels were higher in RA FLS exosomes than in RA miR-124 FLS and OA FLS exosomes, and proteasome 20S subunit beta 5 (PSMB5) levels were lower in RA FLS exosomes than in RA miR-124 FLS and OA FLS exosomes. The RA FLS exosomes promoted and the RA miR-124 FLS exosomes suppressed macrophage migration. PTX3-silenced RA FLS exosomes suppressed and PSMB5-silenced OA FLS exosomes promoted macrophage migration. Conclusions RA FLS exosomes promote macrophage migration via PTX3 and PSMB5, and miR-124-3p suppresses this migration.
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Yousaf H, Khan MIU, Ali I, Munir MU, Lee KY. Emerging role of macrophages in non-infectious diseases: An update. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114426. [PMID: 36822022 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past three decades, a huge body of evidence through various research studies conducted on animal models, has demonstrated that the macrophages are centralized of all the leukocytes involved in diseases and, particularly, their role in non-infectious diseases has been studied extensively for which they have also been referred to as the "double-edged swords". The most versatile of all immunocytes, macrophages play a key role in health and diseases. Various experimental models have demonstrated the conventional paradigms such as the M1/M2 dichotomy, which is not as obvious and presents a complex characterization of the macrophages in the disease immunology. In human diseases, this M1-M2 continuum shows a complex web of mechanisms, which are majorly divided into the pro-inflammatory roles (derived mainly by the cytokines: IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and tumor necrosis factor) and anti-inflammatory roles (CCl-17, CCl-22, CCL-2, transforming growth factor (TGF), and interleukin-10), which are involved in the wound healing and pathogen-suppression. The conventional division of these macrophages as M1 and M2 is derived from the opposing functions of these macrophages; where M1 is involved in the tissue damage and pro-inflammatory roles and M2 promotes cell proliferation and the resolution of inflammation. Both these pathways down-regulate each other in diseases through a plethora of enzymatic and cytokine mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Yousaf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Malik Ihsan Ullah Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Munir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka, Aljouf 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ka Yiu Lee
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Ostersund, Sweden.
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Tian J, Chen T, Huang B, Liu Y, Wang C, Cui Z, Xu H, Li Q, Zhang W, Liang Q. Inflammation specific environment activated methotrexate-loaded nanomedicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis by immune environment reconstruction. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:367-380. [PMID: 36513249 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as an autoimmune inflammatory disease, is featured by enhanced vascular permeability, irreversible cartilage destroys and bone erosion. Although the pathogenesis of RA is still unclear, the immune environment, particularly the lymphatic system, which is instrumental to immune cell surveillance and interstitial fluid balance, plays vital roles in the process of RA. Herein, an inflammation specific environment activated methotrexate-encapsulated nanomedicine (MTX@NPs) was constructed for RA treatment, which accumulated in inflamed joints, and released MTX in the specific RA microenvironment. Notably, MTX@NPs could regulate the immune environment including reducing the expressions of inflammatory cytokines of macrophages and the inflammatory level of lymphatic epithelial cells (LECs), and ameliorating the lymphatic vessel contraction and drainage. In vitro and In vivo studies illustrated that MTX@NPs exhibited a high RA therapeutic efficacy and insignificant systemic toxicity owing to the suppression of the inflammation response and the improved lymphatic functions of RA joints. It suggests that the nanomedicine paves a potential way to the clinical practice of autoimmune diseases treatments via the regulation of immune environment and lymphatic functions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Although 1.0% of the population in the world suffers from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the pathogenesis of RA is still unclear and the therapeutic effect of the first-line clinical drugs is relatively low. Herein, we propose a specific RA-microenvironment triggered nanomedicine (MTX@NPs), which enhances RA treatment of a first-line antirheumatic drug (methotrexate, MTX) by immune environment reconstruction. The nanomedicine exhibits RA joints accumulation by EPR effect, and releases MTX under the specific RA environment, leading to the dramatical drop of M1-type macrophages and acceleration of lymphatic vessel contraction and drainage. Finally, the inflammatory cytokines in RA immune environment are reduced sharply, indicating the outstanding therapeutic efficacy of MTX@NPs to RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tian
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Baoxuan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zepeng Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Lin W, Shen P, Huang Y, Han L, Ba X, Huang Y, Yan J, Li T, Xu L, Qin K, Chen Z, Tu S. Wutou decoction attenuates the synovial inflammation of collagen-induced arthritis rats via regulating macrophage M1/M2 type polarization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115802. [PMID: 36209953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thousands of years of clinical practice in the treatment of joint-related diseases support the efficacy and safety of Wutou decoction (WTD). Nevertheless, the lack of pharmacological evidence and unclear mechanisms make it difficult for WTD to become a recognized complementary therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effect of WTD against synovial inflammation in RA and whether this effect depends on the regulation of macrophage polarization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. WTD with low and high doses was administered for 45 days. RAW264.7 cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin (IL)-4 to polarize M1 and M2 macrophages, which were pre-treated with WTD extract for 4 h. The anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects of WTD were studied using arthritis score, histopathological staining, immunostaining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The polarization state of RAW264.7 cells and related pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines was detected by ELISA, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to investigate the effect of WTD on nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) activation both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS WTD significantly reduced the arthritis score and the pathological damage of the knee joint and decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-6 in serum, TNF-α, IL-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3) in the knee synovium. WTD inhibited M1 type polarization and promoted M2 type polarization, both in vitro and in vivo, and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines while increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Experiments showed that WTD inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB and downstream p38 in the synovium of CIA rats and LPS-induced M1 type polarized RAW264.7 cells. In addition, PPARγ expression in the synovium of CIA rats was mainly located in the cytoplasm, and WTD treatment increased the nuclear translocation of PPARγ, which was further verified in RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSIONS NF-κB and PPARγ regulating M1 and M2 macrophage polarization and subsequent secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are the underlying mechanisms of WTD that ameliorate RA synovial inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiji Lin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Ba
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Yan
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Yang N, Li M, Wu L, Song Y, Yu S, Wan Y, Cheng W, Yang B, Mou X, Yu H, Zheng J, Li X, Yu X. Peptide-anchored neutrophil membrane-coated biomimetic nanodrug for targeted treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:13. [PMID: 36639772 PMCID: PMC9837964 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization determines the production of cytokines that fuel the initiation and evolution of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thus, modulation of macrophage polarization might represent a potential therapeutic strategy for RA. However, coordinated modulation of macrophages in the synovium and synovial fluid has not been achieved thus far. Herein, we develop a biomimetic ApoA-I mimetic peptide-modified neutrophil membrane-wrapped F127 polymer (R4F-NM@F127) for targeted drug delivery during RA treatment. Due to the high expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors on neutrophils, the neutrophil membrane coating can endow the nanocarrier with synovitis-targeting ability, with subsequent recruitment to the synovial fluid under the chemotactic effects of IL-8. Moreover, R4F peptide modification further endows the nanocarrier with the ability to target the SR-B1 receptor, which is highly expressed on macrophages in the synovium and synovial fluid. Long-term in vivo imaging shows that R4F-NM@F127 preferentially accumulates in inflamed joints and is engulfed by macrophages. After loading of the anti-inflammatory drug celastrol (Cel), R4F-NM@F127-Cel shows a significant reduction in hepatotoxicity, and effectively inhibits synovial inflammation and alleviates joint damage by reprogramming macrophage polarization. Thus, our results highlight the potential of the coordinated targeted modulation of macrophages as a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yang
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Ling Wu
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389The People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443099 China
| | - Yinhong Song
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Shi Yu
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Yingying Wan
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Wenjing Cheng
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Baoye Yang
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Xiaoqin Mou
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Hong Yu
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Jing Zheng
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389The People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443099 China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
| | - Xiang Yu
- grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China ,grid.254148.e0000 0001 0033 6389College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 China
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Zhang L, Li W, Hou Z, Wang Z, Zhang W, Liang X, Wu Z, Wang T, Liu X, Peng X, Yang X, Yang H, Geng D. Theaflavin-3,3'-Digallate Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis Through Regulation of Autophagy and Macrophage Polarization. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:109-126. [PMID: 36647388 PMCID: PMC9840439 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s374802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have presented that theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TFDG), one of natural flavonoids, have protective effects on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Besides, it was reported that TFDG could affect inflammatory signaling pathways, like NF-κB, JNK, and so on, to ameliorate inflammation. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms mentioned above are common to natural flavonoid products including TFDG. Therefore, this study aimed to further investigate the other mechanisms of TFDG against CIA. Methods DBA/1 mice (8-10 weeks) were intravenously injected Freund's Adjuvant (100μL) at the base of tail and intraperitoneally injected PBS or different dosage of TFDG (1 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg). Then the paw and knee tissues were collected to assess the severity of joint destruction. In vitro experiments, bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were exposed to TNF-α (10ng/mL) with or without different concentrations of TFDG (0.1μmol/L or 1.0μmol/L). Besides, the targets of TFDG were predicted with docking software and were verified through experiment. Results TFDG treatment could reduce M1 macrophage (pro-inflammatory) and inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, IL- 6 and TNF-α, both in vitro and in vivo. At the same time, the M2 macrophage (alternatively activated) polarization was promoted by TFDG. Animal experiments showed TFDG ameliorated joint destructions. For investigating the mechanisms, the targets of TFDG were predicted by bioinformatics tools. According to predictions, we hypothesized that TFDG could act with BCL-2 to weaken the interaction between BCL-2 and Beclin1. Beclin1 plays a central role in autophagy, and we found that the autophagy level of BMMs was recovered by TFDG. Besides, 3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor, could attenuate the therapeutic effect of TFDG. Conclusion TFDG protected against collagen-induced arthritis by attenuating the inflammation and promoting anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization through controlling autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenming Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tengzhou City Center People’s Hospital, Tengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zerui Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianhao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaole Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Yang
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital (North District), Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Huilin Yang; Dechun Geng, Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Huilin Yang; Dechun Geng, Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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Heng H, Li D, Su W, Liu X, Yu D, Bian Z, Li J. Exploration of comorbidity mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of rheumatoid arthritis and pigmented villonodular synovitis using machine learning and bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet 2023; 13:1095058. [PMID: 36685864 PMCID: PMC9853060 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1095058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a tenosynovial giant cell tumor that can involve joints. The mechanisms of co-morbidity between the two diseases have not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, this study focused on investigating the functions, immunological differences, and potential therapeutic targets of common genes between RA and PVNS. Methods: Through the dataset GSE3698 obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by R software, and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to discover the modules most relevant to the clinical features. The common genes between the two diseases were identified. The molecular functions and biological processes of the common genes were analyzed. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database, and the results were visualized in Cytoscape software. Two machine learning algorithms, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and random forest (RF) were utilized to identify hub genes and predict the diagnostic efficiency of hub genes as well as the correlation between immune infiltrating cells. Results: We obtained a total of 107 DEGs, a module (containing 250 genes) with the highest correlation with clinical characteristics, and 36 common genes after taking the intersection. Moreover, using two machine learning algorithms, we identified three hub genes (PLIN, PPAP2A, and TYROBP) between RA and PVNS and demonstrated good diagnostic performance using ROC curve and nomogram plots. Single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) was used to analyze the biological functions in which three genes were mostly engaged. Finally, three hub genes showed a substantial association with 28 immune infiltrating cells. Conclusion: PLIN, PPAP2A, and TYROBP may influence RA and PVNS by modulating immunity and contribute to the diagnosis and therapy of the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongquan Heng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dazhuang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenxing Su
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital), Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Radiology, Wangjiang Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daojiang Yu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital), Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Daojiang Yu, ; Zhengjun Bian, ; Jian Li,
| | - Zhengjun Bian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Daojiang Yu, ; Zhengjun Bian, ; Jian Li,
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China,*Correspondence: Daojiang Yu, ; Zhengjun Bian, ; Jian Li,
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Limberg AK, Salib CG, Tibbo ME, Vargas-Hernandez JS, Bettencourt JW, Bayram B, Berry CE, Dudakovic A, Bolon B, van Wijnen AJ, Morrey ME, Sanchez-Sotelo J, Berry DJ, Carter JM, Abdel MP. Immune cell populations differ in patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty for arthrofibrosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22627. [PMID: 36587032 PMCID: PMC9805429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthrofibrosis following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a debilitating condition typically diagnosed based on clinical findings. To gain insight into the histopathologic immune cell microenvironment of arthrofibrosis, we assessed the extent of tissue fibrosis and quantified immune cell populations in specific tissue regions of the posterior capsule. We investigated specimens from three prospectively-collected, matched cohorts, grouped as patients receiving a primary TKA for osteoarthritis, revision TKA for arthrofibrosis, and revision TKA for non-arthrofibrotic, non-infectious reasons. Specimens were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, picrosirius red staining, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry with Aperio®-based digital image analysis. Increased collagen deposition and increased number of α-SMA/ACTA2 expressing myofibroblasts were present in the arthrofibrosis group compared to the two non-arthrofibrotic groups. CD163 + macrophages were the most abundant immune cell type in any capsular sample with specific enrichment in the synovial tissue. CD163 + macrophages were significantly decreased in the fibrotic tissue region of arthrofibrosis patients compared to the patients with primary TKA, and significantly increased in adipose tissue region of arthrofibrotic specimens compared to non-arthrofibrotic specimens. Synovial CD117 + mast cells were significantly decreased in arthrofibrotic adipose tissue. Together, these findings inform diagnostic and targeted therapeutic strategies by providing insight into the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of arthrofibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afton K. Limberg
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Christopher G. Salib
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Meagan E. Tibbo
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Juan S. Vargas-Hernandez
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Jacob W. Bettencourt
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Banu Bayram
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Charlotte E. Berry
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Brad Bolon
- GEMpath Inc, 1927 Lincoln Street, Longmount, CO 80501 USA
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- grid.59062.380000 0004 1936 7689Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
| | - Mark E. Morrey
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Daniel J. Berry
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Jodi M. Carter
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Matthew P. Abdel
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
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Li W, Xu Y, Chen W. Bone mesenchymal stem cells deliver exogenous lncRNA CAHM via exosomes to regulate macrophage polarization and ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration. Exp Cell Res 2022; 421:113408. [PMID: 36334792 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) were reported to have therapeutic potential in degenerative diseases. This study aimed to explore the effects of BMSC-Exos on inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization, reducing excessive nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) apoptosis, and inhibiting ECM degradation during intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Rat IDD models were established by acupuncture. For the co-culture experiment, we used BMSC-Exo or human monocyte leukemia (THP-1) medium to incubate THP-1 or NPCs, respectively. BMSC-Exo was isolated from the BMSC medium, identified by TEM and NTA, and injected into the intervertebral discs of IDD rats. The macrophage infiltration in intervertebral disc tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. ELISA was used to measure the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10. The ECM degradation was analyzed by Western blot. The cell proportion and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. The morphological change of the intervertebral disc was analyzed by HE and safranin O fixation staining. In intervertebral disc tissues of IDD rats, we found the increased infiltration of M1 macrophages, with upregulated iNOS, TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Compared with BMSCs, the expression of CAHM in BMSC-Exo was significantly higher. Using co-cultured experiments, we proved that BMSC-Exo reduced apoptosis and ECM degradation of NPCs by inhibiting M1-type macrophage polarization by delivering CAHM. In addition, BMSC-Exo could improve IDD in vivo, including increased proteoglycan content, reduced macrophage infiltration and ECM degradation, and decrease expression of inflammatory factors by delivering CAHM. In conclusion, BMSC-Exo delivered exogenous CAHM via exosomes to regulate macrophage polarization and ameliorate IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopedic, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Wenjian Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Strootmann T, Spitzbarth I, della Tommasa S, Brehm W, Köller G, Troillet A. Synovial Fluid Analysis and Microscopic Assessment of Macrophage Quantities and Morphology in Equine Septic Arthritis. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2022; 50:377-385. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1956-5245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective Research and provision of data on macrophages by cytological synovial fluid analysis and light microscopy in horses with septic arthritis
Material and methods Records of 167 synovial fluid samples were evaluated and subdivided into different groups: (1) non-septic, (2) haematogenous septic arthritis in foals and (3) traumatic/iatrogenic septic arthritis. The effect of joint lavage on synovial fluid cytology and on the occurrence of macrophage phenotypes was investigated.
Results Regardless of aetiology and age of the horse, macrophage concentrations in synovial sepsis are decreased to a median of 5–6 % (unaffected joints: 23.5 %) and further diminished by joint lavage. Microscopic assessment led to the identification of 4 phenotypes. Morphological characteristics of type 1 showed similarities to monocytes and predominated in unaffected and in septic joints after lavage.
Conclusion and clinical relevance Macrophages are highly versatile by altering their phenotype. A morphological assessment by light microscopy is easily applicable. Type 1 presumably contributes to joint homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Strootmann
- Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University
| | - Ingo Spitzbarth
- Institute for Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University
| | | | - Walter Brehm
- Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University
| | - Gabor Köller
- Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University
| | - Antonia Troillet
- Clinic for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
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Stachowicz A, Pandey R, Sundararaman N, Venkatraman V, Van Eyk JE, Fert-Bober J. Protein arginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) modulates the polarization of THP-1 macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. J Inflamm (Lond) 2022; 19:20. [DOI: 10.1186/s12950-022-00317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Macrophages are effector cells of the innate immune system that undergo phenotypical changes in response to organ injury and repair. These cells are most often classified as proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Protein arginine deiminase (PAD), which catalyses the irreversible conversion of protein-bound arginine into citrulline, is expressed in macrophages. However, the substrates of PAD and its role in immune cells remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of PAD in THP-1 macrophage polarization to the M1 and M2 phenotypes and identify the citrullinated proteins and modified arginines that are associated with this biological switch using mass spectrometry.
Results
Our study showed that PAD2 and, to a lesser extent, PAD1 and PAD4 were predominantly expressed in M1 macrophages. We showed that inhibiting PAD expression with BB-Cl-amidine decreased macrophage polarization to the M1 phenotype (TNF-α, IL-6) and increased macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype (MRC1, ALOX15). This process was mediated by the downregulation of proteins involved in the NF-κβ pathway. Silencing PAD2 confirmed the activation of M2 macrophages by increasing the antiviral innate immune response and interferon signalling. A total of 192 novel citrullination sites associated with inflammation, cell death and DNA/RNA processing pathways were identified in M1 and M2 macrophages.
Conclusions
We showed that inhibiting PAD activity using a pharmacological inhibitor or silencing PAD2 with PAD2 siRNA shifted the activation of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype, which can be crucial for designing novel macrophage-mediated therapeutic strategies. We revealed a major citrullinated proteome and its rearrangement following macrophage polarization, which after further validation could lead to significant clinical benefits for the treatment of inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
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Gan PR, Wang RH, Deng R, Wu H, Bu YH, Chen FY, Dong XT, Ke JT. Geniposide inhibits SphK1 membrane targeting to restore macrophage polarization balance in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175271. [PMID: 36108735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Imbalance of macrophage polarization plays a critical role in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Geniposide (GE) has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effect of GE on macrophage polarization remains unclear. Here, we investigated the regulation of GE on the imbalance of macrophage polarization in RA and how it functions. We established a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and isolated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The results confirmed that pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages were dominant in CIA mice, but the polarization imbalance of macrophages was restored to a certain extent after GE treatment. Furthermore, the membrane targeting of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) was increased in BMDMs of CIA mice, as manifested by increased membrane and cytoplasmic expression of p-SphK1 and high secretion level of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-interferon (IFN)-γ or interleukin (IL)-4 to induce M1 or M2 phenotype, respectively, to revalidate the results obtained in BMDMs. The results again observed SphK1 membrane targeting in LPS-IFN-γ-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Selective inhibition of SphK1 by PF543 or inhibition of the S1P receptors by FTY720 both restored the proportion of M1 and M2 macrophages in LPS-IFN-γ-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, confirming that SphK1 membrane targeting mediated a proportional imbalance in M1 and M2 macrophage polarization. In addition, GE inhibited SphK1 membrane targeting and kinase activity. Taken together, results confirmed that the inhibition of SphK1 membrane targeting by GE was responsible for restoring the polarization balance of macrophages in CIA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Rong Gan
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Rong-Hui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Ran Deng
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Hong Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Yan-Hong Bu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xin-Tong Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Ke
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
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Xanthones from Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk. attenuate collagen-induced arthritis in rats by inhibiting the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase/glycolysis pathway and macrophage polarization. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109137. [PMID: 36001918 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Securidaca inappendiculata (SI) Hassk. is a traditional medicine used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Recent studies have reported that macrophages are the primary regulators of joint homeostasis and their polarization is closely related to their metabolic mode. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the joint protective effect of SI's xanthone-rich fraction (XRF) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats and the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-glycolysis-polarization axis of macrophages. CIA model rats were treated with oral XRF and therapeutic efficacy was assessed based on arthritis score, degree of paw swelling, histological examination, and immunohistochemical analysis. Serum levels of cytokines, cellular metabolite concentrations, and protein and mRNA expression were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting (WB), and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. The effects of dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyxanthone (XAN), a representative SI-derived compound, on RAW264.7 macrophages was analyzed in vitro using confocal laser scanning and flow cytometry. We found that XRF treatment significantly alleviated disease severity in CIA model rats. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum and M1 markers in synovium were reduced after XRF treatment, accompanied by an increase in the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and M2 markers. Further, XRF significantly suppressed synovial glycolysis by regulating NAMPT. In vitro studies further showed that XAN induced repolarization of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages with M1-M2 phenotype. Moreover, XAN negatively regulated glycolysis in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in correlation with changes in NAMPT expression. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that the joint protective effects of XRF are achieved by inhibiting the NAMPT/glycolysis pathway and thereby regulating macrophage polarization.
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Su PYP, Zhang L, He L, Zhao N, Guan Z. The Role of Neuro-Immune Interactions in Chronic Pain: Implications for Clinical Practice. J Pain Res 2022; 15:2223-2248. [PMID: 35957964 PMCID: PMC9359791 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s246883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain remains a public health problem and contributes to the ongoing opioid epidemic. Current pain management therapies still leave many patients with poorly controlled pain, thus new or improved treatments are desperately needed. One major challenge in pain research is the translation of preclinical findings into effective clinical practice. The local neuroimmune interface plays an important role in the initiation and maintenance of chronic pain and is therefore a promising target for novel therapeutic development. Neurons interface with immune and immunocompetent cells in many distinct microenvironments along the nociceptive circuitry. The local neuroimmune interface can modulate the activity and property of the neurons to affect peripheral and central sensitization. In this review, we highlight a specific subset of many neuroimmune interfaces. In the central nervous system, we examine the interface between neurons and microglia, astrocytes, and T lymphocytes. In the periphery, we profile the interface between neurons in the dorsal root ganglion with T lymphocytes, satellite glial cells, and macrophages. To bridge the gap between preclinical research and clinical practice, we review the preclinical studies of each neuroimmune interface, discuss current clinical treatments in pain medicine that may exert its action at the neuroimmune interface, and highlight opportunities for future clinical research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yi Paul Su
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangliang He
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhonghui Guan
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Lin J, Huang D, Xu H, Zhan F, Tan X. Macrophages: A communication network linking Porphyromonas gingivalis infection and associated systemic diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:952040. [PMID: 35967399 PMCID: PMC9363567 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.952040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a Gram-negative anaerobic pathogen that is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and systemic diseases. P. gingivalis has recently been detected in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cardiovascular disease, and tumors, as well as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the presence of P. gingivalis in these diseases are correlated with poor prognosis. Macrophages are major innate immune cells which modulate immune responses against pathogens, however, multiple bacteria have evolved abilities to evade or even subvert the macrophages’ immune response, in which subsequently promote the diseases’ initiation and progression. P. gingivalis as a keystone pathogen of periodontitis has received increasing attention for the onset and development of systemic diseases. P. gingivalis induces macrophage polarization and inflammasome activation. It also causes immune response evasion which plays important roles in promoting inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and tumor development. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries on the interaction of P. gingivalis and macrophages in relevant disease development and progression, such as periodontitis, atherosclerosis, RA, AD, and cancers, aiming to provide an in-depth mechanistic understanding of this interaction and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, United States
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: XueLian Tan, ; Fenghuang Zhan,
| | - XueLian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: XueLian Tan, ; Fenghuang Zhan,
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Cheng WJ, Yang HT, Chiang CC, Lai KH, Chen YL, Shih HL, Kuo JJ, Hwang TL, Lin CC. Deer Velvet Antler Extracts Exert Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Arthritic Effects on Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes and Distinct Mouse Arthritis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1617-1643. [PMID: 35850642 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes joint deformity and disability. Deer velvet antler (DA), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat various types of arthritis for several thousands of years, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Herein, we investigated the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects of DA in vitro and in vivo. The ethyl acetate layer of DA ethanol extract (DA-EE-EA) was used to treat tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[Formula: see text]-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocyte MH7A cells, collagen-induced arthritis DBA/1 mice, and SKG mice with zymosan-induced arthritis. DA-EE-EA reduced nitric oxide production, prostaglandin E2 levels, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1[Formula: see text], IL-6, and IL-8 in MH7A cells. DA-EE-EA also downregulated the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase and the translocation of nuclear factor kappa B p65. Intraperitoneal injection of DA-EE-EA for 3 weeks substantially reduced clinical arthritis scores in vivo models. Pathohistological images of the hind paws showed that DA-EE-EA reduced immune cell infiltration, synovial hyperplasia, and cartilage damage. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1[Formula: see text], IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, and interferon-gamma, decreased in the hind paw homogenates of DA-EE-EA-treated mice. We also identified several potential components, such as hexadecanamide, oleamide, erucamide, and lysophosphatidylcholines, that might contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of DA-EE-EA. In conclusion, DA-EE-EA has the potential to treat RA by regulating inflammatory responses. However, the individual components of DA-EE-EA and the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms need further investigation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Tzu Yang
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chao Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Puxin Fengze Chinese Medicine Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hung Lai
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Chen
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Lin Shih
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Jen Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming-Chi University of Technology, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chien Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Ben Mrid R, Bouchmaa N, Ainani H, El Fatimy R, Malka G, Mazini L. Anti-rheumatoid drugs advancements: New insights into the molecular treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113126. [PMID: 35643074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of more than 100 types of arthritis. This chronic autoimmune disorder affects the lining of synovial joints in about 0.5% of people and may induce severe joints deformity and disability. RA impacts health life of people from all sexes and ages with more prevalence in elderly and women people. Significant improvement has been noted in the last two decades revealing the mechanisms of the development of RA, the improvement of the early diagnosis and the development of new treatment options. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) remain the most known treatments used against RA. However, not all patients respond well to these drugs and therefore, new solutions are of immense need to improve the disease outcomes. In the present review, we discuss and highlight the recent findings concerning the different classes of RA therapies including the conventional and modern drug therapies, as well as the recent emerging options including the phyto-cannabinoid and cell- and RNA-based therapies. A better understanding of their mechanisms and pathways might help find a specific target against inflammation, cartilage damage, and reduce side effects in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda Ben Mrid
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Najat Bouchmaa
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Hassan Ainani
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Rachid El Fatimy
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Gabriel Malka
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Loubna Mazini
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
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Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Xu H, Zhao X, Zhao C, Zhou T, Zhang Y. Antirheumatoid Arthritic Effects of Sabia parviflora Wall. Leaf Extracts via the NF-κB Pathway and Transient Receptor Potential Protein Family. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:880350. [PMID: 35784680 PMCID: PMC9243545 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.880350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important traditional medicine of Buyi and Miao ethnic groups in Guizhou, Sabia parviflora Wall. provides antiviral properties against hepatitis, eliminates wind and dampness, and exhibits anti-inflammatory and pain relief properties. It has also been shown to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other diseases. However, the pharmacodynamic mechanism of S. parviflora Wall. for RA has not been reported. In this study, we identified the effective compounds of S. parviflora Wall. leaves against RA and discussed the mechanism against complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) based on inflammatory proteins and transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins. S. parviflora Wall. leaf extracts (0.64 g/kg, 0.32 g/kg, and 0.16 g/kg, once daily) were given orally for 21 days. On the 15th day of complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced RA, the effects of this medicine on RA rats were investigated. S. parviflora Wall. extracts increased body weight, decreased foot swelling, and reduced thymus and spleen indices in model rats. Most of pannus in the synovial tissue of RA rats disappeared upon treatment, and the local inflammatory cells were greatly reduced when given the fraction of n-butanol (0.64 g/kg/d, 0.32 g/kg/d, and 0.16 g/kg/d) of 70% alcohol-soluble fraction of S. parviflora Wall. leaves. In addition, the release of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-15 (IL-15), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the RA rat serum was inhibited. The active compounds inhibited the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15 and nuclear factor kappa-Bp65 (NF-κBp65) inflammatory protein and TRP protein transient receptor potential melastatin-5 (TRPM-5) and transient receptor potential channel-6 (TRPC-6), to reduce the expression of VEGF in synovial tissue of RA rats and relieve redness and edema. High-performance liquid chromatography identified six flavonoids and three triterpenoid saponins as active compounds. These findings suggest S. parviflora Wall. leaves may play a role in RA treatment by inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors as well as participating in the inflammatory protein expression in the NF-κB pathway and TRP protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yongqiang Zhou, ; Tao Zhou,
| | - Yamin Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Chunli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Gui Zhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yongqiang Zhou, ; Tao Zhou,
| | - Yongping Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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Wang X, Fan D, Cao X, Ye Q, Wang Q, Zhang M, Xiao C. The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Synovial Microenvironment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061153. [PMID: 35740050 PMCID: PMC9220354 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that begins with a loss of tolerance to modified self-antigens and immune system abnormalities, eventually leading to synovitis and bone and cartilage degradation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are commonly used as destructive or modifying agents of cellular components or they act as signaling molecules in the immune system. During the development of RA, a hypoxic and inflammatory situation in the synovium maintains ROS generation, which can be sustained by increased DNA damage and malfunctioning mitochondria in a feedback loop. Oxidative stress caused by abundant ROS production has also been shown to be associated with synovitis in RA. The goal of this review is to examine the functions of ROS and related molecular mechanisms in diverse cells in the synovial microenvironment of RA. The strategies relying on regulating ROS to treat RA are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (X.W.); (Q.Y.); (Q.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; (D.F.); (X.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Danping Fan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; (D.F.); (X.C.); (M.Z.)
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoxue Cao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; (D.F.); (X.C.); (M.Z.)
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qinbin Ye
- School of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (X.W.); (Q.Y.); (Q.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; (D.F.); (X.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Qiong Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (X.W.); (Q.Y.); (Q.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; (D.F.); (X.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mengxiao Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; (D.F.); (X.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; (D.F.); (X.C.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: or
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Mahmoudi Z, Karamali N, Roghani SA, Assar S, Pournazari M, Soufivand P, Salari F, Rezaiemanesh A. Efficacy of DMARDs and methylprednisolone treatment on the gene expression levels of HSPA5, MMD, and non-coding RNAs MALAT1, H19, miR-199a-5p, and miR-1-3p, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108878. [PMID: 35623291 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease with chronic inflammation characterized by joint damage and even extra-articular involvement. In this study, the gene expression levels of MALAT1, H19 and their possible downstream microRNAs, miR-199a-5p, miR-1-3p, and the predicted targets of these miRNAs, HSPA5 and MMD, were examined. METHODS Twenty-five newly diagnosed RA patients and 25 healthy individuals were included. For six months, patients were treated with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and Methylprednisolone (mPRED). Blood samples were obtained from healthy controls and patients (before and after treatment). After RNA extraction, the RT-qPCR technique was used to evaluate the expression level of the studied genes. RESULTS Data showed that the expression level of MALAT1, H19, miR-199a-5p, and miR-1-3p was significantly higher in the newly diagnosed patients with RA than the healthy subjects, but the increase in the expression level of HSPA5 and MMD genes in the new cases was not significant compared to healthy controls. After treatment, except for the expression level of lncRNAs, the expression level of miRNAs, HSPA5, and MMD significantly increased. Based on ROC curve analysis of MALAT1, H19, miR-199a-5p and miR-1-3p have a high ability to identify patients from healthy individuals (AUC = 0.986, AUC = 0.995, AUC = 0.855, AUC = 0.675, respectively). CONCLUSION MALAT1 and H19 may be candidates as potential biomarkers for the discrimination between RA patients and controls. DMARDs plus mPRED therapy do not have a desirable effect on reducing inflammatory responses and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Negin Karamali
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Askar Roghani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shirin Assar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehran Pournazari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parviz Soufivand
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Salari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Metabolic Reprogramming of Innate Immune Cells as a Possible Source of New Therapeutic Approaches in Autoimmunity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101663. [PMID: 35626700 PMCID: PMC9140143 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells undergo different metabolic pathways or immunometabolisms to interact with various antigens. Immunometabolism links immunological and metabolic processes and is critical for innate and adaptive immunity. Although metabolic reprogramming is necessary for cell differentiation and proliferation, it may mediate the imbalance of immune homeostasis, leading to the pathogenesis and development of some diseases, such as autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the effects of metabolic changes in autoimmune diseases, exerted by the leading actors of innate immunity, and their role in autoimmunity pathogenesis, suggesting many immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Jiang SQ, Pan T, Yu JL, Zhang Y, Wang T, Li P, Li F. Thermal and wine processing enhanced Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma ameliorate collagen Ⅱ induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 288:114993. [PMID: 35032583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.114993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, is derived from Clematis chinensis Osbeck, Clematis hexapetala Pall. and Clematis manshurica Rupr. This herb shows great effects on expelling wind and dispelling dampness in ancient and it has anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in modern clinical application. AIM OF THE STUDY This experiment aimed to research anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of crude and wine processed RC based on glycolysis metabolism to provide new ideas treating RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology was applied to preliminarily forecast the potential pathways of common targets of RC and RA. RAW264.7 macrophages were induced by LPS, NO production, glucose uptake, lactate production, ROS and MMP were detected as instructions in vitro. ELISA was used to measure the content of HK2, PKM2 and LDHA involving in glycolysis process. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in CIA rats. RESULTS Crude and wine processed RC had good anti-inflammatory effect by reducing NO in RAW264.7 macrophages and ameliorating inflammatory infiltration and cartilage surface erosion in CIA rats. Whether in LPS-induced macrophages or CIA rats, crude and wine processed RC could inhibit glycolysis by down-regulating the expression of PKM2, causing less glucose uptake and lactic acid, which lead to less ROS and higher MMP to normal. PI3K-AKT and HIF-1α pathways were deduced to possibly play a crucial part in controlling glycolysis metabolism by network pharmacology analysis. Besides, it was displayed that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were prominent gut microbiota in CIA rats feces. CC-H and PZ-H groups could both increase the relative abundance of Firmicutes and decrease Bacteroidetes. These microbiota also played a role in RA pathological process via involving in energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and immune system. CONCLUSION Crude and wine processed RC have a good influence in ameliorating rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting glycolysis and modulating gut microbiota together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Ting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jia-Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resource, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, PR China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, PR China.
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Identification of Diagnostic Biomarkers, Immune Infiltration Characteristics, and Potential Compounds in Rheumatoid Arthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1926661. [PMID: 35434133 PMCID: PMC9007666 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1926661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims This study is aimed at investigating the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by identifying key biomarkers, associated immune infiltration, and small-molecule compounds using bioinformatic analysis. Methods Six datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and the batch effect was adjusted. Functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to analyse differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Furthermore, candidate small-molecule drugs associated with RA were selected from the Connectivity Map (CMap) database. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, support vector machine recursive feature elimination, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on DEGs to screen for RA diagnostic markers. The receiver operating characteristic curve, concordance index, and GiViTi calibration band were the metrics used to assess the diagnostic markers of RA identified in this analysis. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was performed to calculate the scores of infiltrating immune cells and evaluate the activities of immune-related pathways. Finally, the correlation between screening markers and RA diagnosis was determined. Results A total of 227 DEGs were identified. Functional enrichment analysis and KEGG revealed that DEGs were enriched by the immune response. CMap analysis identified 11 small-molecule compounds with therapeutic potential for RA. In gene expression, the activities of 13 immune cells and 12 immune-related pathways significantly differed between patients with RA and healthy controls. DPYSL3 and SPP1 had the potential to diagnose RA. SPP1 expression was positively correlated with DPYSL3 in 11 immune cells and 10 immune-related pathways. Conclusion This study comprehensively analysed DEGs and immune infiltration and screened for potential diagnostic markers and small-molecule compounds of RA.
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A Four-miRNA-Based Diagnostic Signature for Rheumatoid Arthritis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6693589. [PMID: 35251375 PMCID: PMC8889404 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6693589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background As a chronic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) usually leads to cartilage and bone damage, even disability. Earlier detection and diagnosis are crucial to improve the therapeutic efficacy, and the aim of our study is to identify a potential diagnostic signature for RA. Methods We downloaded the GSE124373 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. And differential expression analysis of miRNAs was conducted using the limma package of R language. The potential targeted mRNAs of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted using the MiRTarBase database. The clusterProfiler package in R language was used to conduct functional enrichment analysis (GO term and KEGG pathway). Then, based on the key miRNAs screened by stepwise regression analysis, the logistic regression model was built and it was evaluated using a 5-fold cross-validation method. Results A total of 19 differentially expressed miRNAs in the blood sample of RA patients compared with that of healthy subjects were identified. Nine optimal miRNAs were screened by using stepwise regression analysis, and four key miRNAs hsa-miR-142-5p, hsa-miR-1184, hsa-miR-1246, and hsa-miR-99b-5p were further optimized. Finally, a logistic regression model was built based on the four key miRNAs, which could reliably separate RA patients from healthy subjects. Conclusion Our study established a logistic regression diagnostic model based on four crucial miRNAs, which could separate the sample type reliably.
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Huang Y, Lu D, Ma W, Liu J, Ning Q, Tang F, Li L. miR-223 in exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis via downregulation of NLRP3 expression in macrophages. Mol Immunol 2022; 143:68-76. [PMID: 35042119 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with major clinical manifestations of human limb joint invasion, joint synovitis, and symmetrical lesions. In recent years, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been found to have low immunogenicity and immunomodulatory effects, which can regulate other types of cells through exosomes. However, the effect of BMSCs on immune response in the progression of RA has not been fully elucidated. AIMS The current research aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of microRNA (miR)-223 in exosomes secreted by BMSCs on immune response in the progression of RA. METHODS Firstly, BMSCs were isolated and extracted, and then the influence of BMSCs on the level of inflammatory cytokines was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Exosomes from BMSCs were extracted and characterized. Some key autoimmune response genes and their protein products were detected in vivo and in vitro by real-time quantitative PCR, western blot and ELISA. Finally, the targeting relationship between miR-223 and NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) was predicted by bioanalytical software and verified by luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments in vitro. RESULTS Exosomes from BMSCs could inhibit the release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-18 (IL-18), and NLRP3 activation in macrophages and RA rats. In addition, we predicted online that miR-223 could target NLRP3 and provided a possible regulation pathway for the anti-inflammatory effects of BMSCs-secreted exosomes. Furthermore, we further confirmed that miR-223 could target and inhibit the expression of NLRP3. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-223 carried by BMSCs-derived exosomes targets NLRP3 to regulate the activation of inflammasomes, which therefore can be served as a possible therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- School of clinical medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550004, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550003, China.
| | - Daomin Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550003, China
| | - Wukai Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550003, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- School of clinical medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550004, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550004, China
| | - Qiaoyi Ning
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550003, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550003, China
| | - Long Li
- School of clinical medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550004, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550004, China.
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Pan S, Wu YJ, Zhang SS, Cheng XP, Olatunji OJ, Yin Q, Zuo J. The Effect of α7nAChR Signaling on T Cells and Macrophages and Their Clinical Implication in the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:531-544. [PMID: 34783974 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03480-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune disease and until now, the etiology and pathogenesis of RA is not fully understood, although dysregulation of immune cells is one of the leading cause of RA-related pathological changes. Based on current understanding, the priority of anti-rheumatic treatments is to restore immune homeostasis. There are several anti-rheumatic drugs with immunomodulatory effects available nowadays, but most of them have obvious safety or efficacy shortcomings. Therefore, the development of novel anti-rheumatic drugs is still in urgently needed. Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) has been identified as an important aspect of the so-called neuro-immune regulation feedback, and the interaction between acetylcholine and alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) serves as the foundation for this signaling. Consistent to its immunomodulatory functions, α7nAChR is extensively expressed by immune cells. Accordingly, CAP activation greatly affects the differentiation and function of α7nAChR-expressing immune cells. As a result, targeting α7nAChR will bring profound therapeutic impacts on the treatment of inflammatory diseases like RA. RA is widely recognized as a CD4+ T cells-driven disease. As a major component of innate immunity, macrophages also significantly contribute to RA-related immune abnormalities. Theoretically, manipulation of CAP in immune cells is a feasible way to treat RA. In this review, we summarized the roles of different T cells and macrophages subsets in the occurrence and progression of RA, and highlighted the immune consequences of CAP activation in these cells under RA circumstances. The in-depth discussion is supposed to inspire the development of novel cell-specific CAP-targeting anti-rheumatic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
- Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Yi-Jin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
- Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Sa-Sa Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
- Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Cheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China.
| | - Jian Zuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China.
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Perdaens O, van Pesch V. Molecular Mechanisms of Immunosenescene and Inflammaging: Relevance to the Immunopathogenesis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 12:811518. [PMID: 35281989 PMCID: PMC8913495 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.811518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized, amongst other features, by a complex process of cellular senescence involving both innate and adaptive immunity, called immunosenescence and associated to inflammaging, a low-grade chronic inflammation. Both processes fuel each other and partially explain increasing incidence of cancers, infections, age-related autoimmunity, and vascular disease as well as a reduced response to vaccination. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong disease, for which considerable progress in disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and management has improved long-term survival. However, disability progression, increasing with age and disease duration, remains. Neurologists are now involved in caring for elderly MS patients, with increasing comorbidities. Aging of the immune system therefore has relevant implications for MS pathogenesis, response to DMTs and the risks mediated by these treatments. We propose to review current evidence regarding markers and molecular mechanisms of immunosenescence and their relevance to understanding MS pathogenesis. We will focus on age-related changes in the innate and adaptive immune system in MS and other auto-immune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. The consequences of these immune changes on MS pathology, in interaction with the intrinsic aging process of central nervous system resident cells will be discussed. Finally, the impact of immunosenescence on disease evolution and on the safety and efficacy of current DMTs will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Perdaens
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent van Pesch
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Vincent van Pesch
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78
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Sun P, Su J, Wang X, Zhou M, Zhao Y, Gu H. Nucleic Acids for Potential Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1990-2008. [PMID: 35118863 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that severely affects the life quality of patients. Current therapeutics in clinic mainly focus on alleviating the development of RA or relieving the pain of patients. The emerging biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) require long-term treatment to achieve the expected efficacy. With the development of bionanotechnology, nucleic acids fulfill characters as therapeutics or nanocarriers and can therefore be alternatives to combat RA. This review summarizes the therapeutic RNAs developed through RNA interference (RNAi), nucleic acid aptamers, DNA nanostructures-based drug delivery systems, and nucleic acid vaccines for the applications in RA therapy and diagnosis. Furthermore, prospects of nucleic acids for RA therapy are intensively discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Jingjing Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Mo Zhou
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongxing Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Hongzhou Gu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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79
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Crum RJ, Hall K, Molina CP, Hussey GS, Graham E, Li H, Badylak SF. Immunomodulatory matrix-bound nanovesicles mitigate acute and chronic pristane-induced rheumatoid arthritis. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:13. [PMID: 35110573 PMCID: PMC8810774 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and destruction of synovial joints affecting ~7.5 million people worldwide. Disease pathology is driven by an imbalance in the ratio of pro-inflammatory vs. anti-inflammatory immune cells, especially macrophages. Modulation of macrophage phenotype, specifically an M1 to M2, pro- to anti-inflammatory transition, can be induced by biologic scaffold materials composed of extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM-based immunomodulatory effect is thought to be mediated in part through recently identified matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBV) embedded within ECM. Isolated MBV was delivered via intravenous (i.v.) or peri-articular (p.a.) injection to rats with pristane-induced arthritis (PIA). The results of MBV administration were compared to intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of methotrexate (MTX), the clinical standard of care. Relative to the diseased animals, i.p. MTX, i.v. MBV, and p.a. MBV reduced arthritis scores in both acute and chronic pristane-induced arthritis, decreased synovial inflammation, decreased adverse joint remodeling, and reduced the ratio of synovial and splenic M1 to M2 macrophages (p < 0.05). Both p.a. and i.v. MBV reduced the serum concentration of RA and PIA biomarkers CXCL10 and MCP-3 in the acute and chronic phases of disease (p < 0.05). Flow-cytometry revealed the presence of a systemic CD43hi/His48lo/CD206+, immunoregulatory monocyte population unique to p.a. and i.v. MBV treatment associated with disease resolution. The results show that the therapeutic efficacy of MBV is equal to that of MTX for the management of acute and chronic pristane-induced arthritis and, further, this effect is associated with modulation of local synovial macrophages and systemic myeloid populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael J Crum
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Kelsey Hall
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Catalina Pineda Molina
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - George S Hussey
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,ECM Therapeutics, Inc., 118 Marshall Dr., Warrendale, PA, 15086, USA
| | - Emma Graham
- Musculoskeletal Growth and Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 206, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Hongshuai Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, 25 Grand Ave, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA. .,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,ECM Therapeutics, Inc., 118 Marshall Dr., Warrendale, PA, 15086, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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80
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Chen X, Zhou B, Gao Y, Wang K, Wu J, Shuai M, Men K, Duan X. Efficient Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Degradable LPCE Nano-Conjugate-Delivered p65 siRNA. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010162. [PMID: 35057057 PMCID: PMC8780552 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases worldwide, causing severe cartilage damage and disability. Despite the recent progress made in RA treatment, limitations remain in achieving early and efficient therapeutic intervention. Advanced therapeutic strategies are in high demand, and siRNA-based therapeutic technology with a gene-silencing ability represents a new approach for RA treatment. In this study, we created a cationic delivery micelle consisting of low-molecular-weight (LMW) polyethylenimine (PEI)–cholesterol–polyethylene glycol (PEG) (LPCE) for small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based RA gene therapy. The carrier is based on LMW PEI and modified with cholesterol and PEG. With these two modifications, the LPCE micelle becomes multifunctional, and it efficiently delivered siRNA to macrophages with a high efficiency greater than 70%. The synthesized LPCE exhibits strong siRNA protection ability and high safety. By delivering nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65 siRNA, the p65 siRNA/LPCE complex efficiently inhibited macrophage-based cytokine release in vitro. Local administration of the p65 siRNA/LPCE complex exhibited a fast and potent anti-inflammatory effect against RA in a mouse model. According to the results of this study, the functionalized LPCE micelle that we prepared has potential gene therapeutic implications for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.C.); (Y.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.); (K.M.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China;
| | - Bailing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.C.); (Y.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (X.D.)
| | - Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.C.); (Y.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.); (K.M.)
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.C.); (Y.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.); (K.M.)
| | - Jieping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.C.); (Y.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.); (K.M.)
| | - Ming Shuai
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China;
| | - Ke Men
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.C.); (Y.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.); (K.M.)
| | - Xingmei Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China;
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (X.D.)
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81
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Park JB. Finding a cell-permeable compound to inhibit inflammatory cytokines: Uptake, biotransformation, and anti-cytokine activity of javamide-I/-II esters. Life Sci 2022; 291:120280. [PMID: 34982964 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Currently, there is limited information available about cell-permeability and anti-cytokine activity of javamide-I/-II esters in monocyte/macrophage-like cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate their cell-permeability and anti-cytokine activity in the cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The uptake of javamide-I/-II and esters was studied in THP-1 cells and PBMCs. Also, kinetic and inhibition studies were conducted using THP-1 cells. Western Blot was performed to determine the level of ATF-2 phosphorylation in THP-1 cells, and ELISA assays were carried out to measure TNF-alpha, MCP-1, IL-1beta and IL-8 levels in PBMCs. KEY FINDINGS In THP-1 cells, the uptake of javamide-I/-II esters was significantly higher than javamide-I/-II (P < 0.001), and the Km for javamide-I ester was 27 μM. Also, the uptake of the esters was inhibited by PepT2 substrate/blocker. In THP-1 cells, javamide-I/-II esters were also biotransformed into javamide-I/-II. Furthermore, javamide-I ester could inhibit ATF-2 phosphorylation better than javamide-I in the cells, suggesting that the ester could be transported inside the cells better than javamide-I. Similarly, javamide-I/-II esters were found to be transported and biotransformed in PBMCs involved in inflammation processes. As anticipated, the esters were found to inhibit TNF-alpha and MCP-1 significantly in PBMCs (P < 0.005). Especially, javamide-I ester inhibited TNF-alpha, MCP-1, IL-1beta and IL-8 with IC50 values of 1.79, 0.88, 0.91 and 2.57 μM in PBMCs. SIGNIFICANCE Javamide-I/-II esters can be transported, biotransformed and inhibit inflammatory cytokines significantly in monocyte/macrophage-like cells, suggesting that they may be utilized as a potent cell-permeable carrier to inhibit inflammatory cytokines in the cells. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Javamide-I, javamide-I-O-methyl ester, javamide-II, javamide-II-O-methyl ester, tryptophan, coumaric acid, caffeic acid, GlySar, enalapril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae B Park
- USDA, ARS, BHNRC, Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Bldg. 307C, Rm. 131, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America.
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82
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Zhang H, Liu J, Zhang P, Li D, Feng G, Huandike M, Sun S, Chai L, Zhou J. Herbal Formula Longteng Decoction Promotes the Regression of Synovial Inflammation in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Mice by Regulating Type 2 Innate Lymphocytes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:778845. [PMID: 35002715 PMCID: PMC8735860 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have not yet been fully elucidated, with greater adverse drug effects in traditional treatment of RA. It is particularly necessary to develop and study Chinese herbal formula as a supplement and alternative drug for the treatment of RA. The traditional Chinese medicine compound Longteng Decoction (LTD), as an empirical prescription in the treatment of RA in Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, has been widely used in clinic. Type 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s) have specific transcription factors and signature cytokines that are very similar to Th cells, which have been proved to be necessary in addressing RA inflammation, and are potential targets for RA prevention and treatment. Our previous studies have confirmed that LTD can intervene in the differentiation of peripheral blood Th17 and Treg cells, reduce joint pain index and swelling degree, shorten the time of morning stiffness, reduce ESR, and inhibit joint inflammation. However, it is unclear whether LTD can promote the regression of RA synovial inflammation by regulating the immune response mechanism of ILC2s.Therefore, our team established a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model and conducted an experimental study with LTD as the intervention object. The results showed that joint swelling, synovial inflammatory infiltration, and articular cartilage destruction were alleviated in CIA mice after intervention with LTD. The proliferation and differentiation of Th17 inflammatory cells and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-17 and IFN-γ) were inhibited. In addition, LTD can also activate ILC2s to secrete the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4, activate the STAT6 signaling pathway, and act synergistic with Treg cells to inhibit the infiltration of type M1 macrophages in synovial tissue and promote its transformation to M2 phenotype. Taken together, these results confirm that LTD can be used as an adjunct or alternative to RA therapy by modulating the ILC2s immune response network and slowing down the inflammatory process of synovial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guiyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meiyier Huandike
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Song Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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83
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Song Y, Ismail M, Shan Q, Zhao J, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Du Y, Ling L. ROS-mediated liposomal dexamethasone: a new FA-targeted nanoformulation to combat rheumatoid arthritis via inhibiting iRhom2/TNF-α/BAFF pathways. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:20170-20185. [PMID: 34846489 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05518f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder that has seriously affected human health worldwide and its current management requires more successful therapeutic approaches. The combination of nanomedicines and pathophysiology into one system may provide an alternative strategy for precise RA treatment. In this work, a practical ROS-mediated liposome, abbreviated as Dex@FA-ROS-Lips that comprised synthetic dimeric thioether lipids (di-S-PC) and a surface functionalized with folic acid (FA), was proposed for dexamethasone (Dex) delivery. Incorporation with thioether lipids and a FA segment significantly improved the triggered release and improved the triggered release of cytotoxic Dex as well as the active targeting of RA, altering its overall pharmacokinetics and safety profiles in vivo. As proof, the designed Dex@FA-ROS-Lips demonstrated effective internalization by LPS-activated Raw264.7 macrophages with FA receptor overexpression and released Dex at the inflammatory site due to the ROS-triggered disassembly. Intravenous injection of this Dex@FA-ROS-Lips into adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) mice led to its incremental accumulation in inflamed joint tissues and significantly alleviated the cartilage destruction and joint swelling via suppression of proinflammatory cytokines (iRhom2, TNF-α and BAFF), as compared to the effect of commercial free Dex. Importantly, the Dex@FA-ROS-Lips nanoformulation showed better hemocompatibility with less adverse effects on the body weight and immune organ index of AIA mice. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of Dex@FA-ROS-Lips was further studied and it was found that it is possibly associated with the down-regulation of iRhom2 and the activation of the TNF-α/BAFF signaling pathway. Therefore, the integration of nanomedicines and the RA microenvironment using multifunctional Dex@FA-ROS-Lips shall be a novel RA treatment modality with full clinical potential, and based on the enhanced therapeutic effect, the signaling pathway of iRhom2/TNF-α/BAFF reasonably explained the mechanism of Dex@FA-ROS-Lips in anti-RA, which suggested a molecular target for RA therapy and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China), School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
- Yantai Center for Food and Drug Control, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Muhammad Ismail
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Qi Shan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China), School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Jianing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China), School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China), School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Leiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China), School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Yuan Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China), School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Longbing Ling
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China), School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
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84
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Chen H, Tian B, Fang X, Bai J, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Xu J, Wang B, Fan Q, Fei Z, Dai H, Shan H, Gao X, Dong Q, Wang C, Zhou X. Injectable Erythrocyte Gel Loaded with Bulleyaconitine A for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5706-5716. [PMID: 34843223 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease with clinical manifestations including joint cartilage, synovitis, and bone damage. Here we developed an injectable erythrocyte gel loaded with Bulleyaconitine A (BLA) for the treatment of RA and demonstrated its anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro. In vitro experiments showed that BLA could effectively down-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory factor in activated macrophages through the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. In vivo experiments have shown that the injection of BLA@RBCs in the inflammatory joints of CIA mice increases the local concentration of BLA in a long time. Improved therapeutic outcomes and reduced toxicity of BLA are demonstrated in our work. Together, the developed BLA@RBCs drug delivery system provides an alternative strategy to treat RA joints and shows high potential in clinical RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215004, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu223800, China.,Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215004, China
| | - Xiyao Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215004, China
| | - Jinyu Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215004, China
| | - Qingle Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Jialu Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Beilei Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Qin Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Ziying Fei
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Huaxing Dai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Huajian Shan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215004, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215004, China
| | - Qirong Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215004, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Xiaozhong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215004, China
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85
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Li H, Feng Y, Zheng X, Jia M, Mei Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Li C. M2-type exosomes nanoparticles for rheumatoid arthritis therapy via macrophage re-polarization. J Control Release 2021; 341:16-30. [PMID: 34793917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Imbalance between the activities of pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) induces synovial inflammation and autoimmunity, leading to joint damage. Here we encapsulated a plasmid DNA encoding the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10 pDNA) and the chemotherapeutic drug betamethasone sodium phosphate (BSP) into biomimetic vector M2 exosomes (M2 Exo) derived from M2-type macrophages. We demonstrate that the loaded exosomes target and reduce inflammation for combined therapy against RA. The in vitro efficiency of the M2 Exo/pDNA/BSP co-delivery system was attributed to the synergistic effect of IL-10 pDNA and BSP, which also promoted M1-to-M2 macrophage polarization by reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) and increasing the expression of IL-10 cytokine. In a mouse model of RA, M2 Exo/pDNA/BSP showed good accumulation at inflamed joint sites, high anti-inflammatory activity, and potent therapeutic effect. The delivery system was non-toxic both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, this system may serve as a promising biocompatible drug carrier and anti-inflammatory agent for RA treatment based on M1-to-M2 macrophage re-polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xiu Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Mei
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
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86
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Xu J, Zhang MY, Jiao W, Hu CQ, Wu DB, Yu JH, Chen GX. Identification of Candidate Genes Related to Synovial Macrophages in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Bioinformatics Analysis. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:7687-7697. [PMID: 34764682 PMCID: PMC8575484 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s333512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most prevalent inflammatory arthritis worldwide. However, the genes and pathways associated with macrophages from synovial fluids in RA patients still remain unclear. This study aims to screen and verify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to identifying candidate genes related to synovial macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis by bioinformatics analysis. Methods We searched the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and GSE97779 and GSE10500 with synovial macrophages expression profiling from multiple RA microarray dataset were selected to conduct a systematic analysis. GSE97779 included nine macrophage samples from synovial fluids of RA patients and five macrophage samples from primary human blood of HC. GSE10500 included five macrophage samples from synovial fluids of RA patients and three macrophage samples from primary human blood of HC. Functional annotation of DEGs was performed, including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was established using the STRING database. CytoHubba was used to identify hub genes. MCODE was used to determine gene clusters in the interactive network. Results There were 2638 DEGs (1425 upregulated genes and 1213 downregulated ones) and 889 DEGs (438 upregulated genes and 451 downregulated ones) selected from GSE97779 and GSE10500, respectively. Venn diagrams showed that 173 genes were upregulated and 106 downregulated in both two datasets. The top 10 hub genes, including FN1, VEGFA, HGF, SERPINA1, MMP9, PPBP, CD44, FPR2, IGF1, and ITGAM, were identified using the PPI network. Conclusion This study provides new insights for the potential biomarkers and the relevant molecular mechanisms in RA patients. Our findings suggest that the 10 candidate genes might be used in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of RA in the future. However, further studies are required to confirm the expression of these genes in synovial macrophages in RA and control specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Ying Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiao
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Qi Hu
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Bin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Yu
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Xing Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Baiyun Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510470, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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87
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Wu YJ, Fang WJ, Pan S, Zhang SS, Li DF, Wang ZF, Chen WG, Yin Q, Zuo J. Regulation of Sirt1 on energy metabolism and immune response in rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108175. [PMID: 34689102 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease. Synovial hyperplasia and persistent inflammation serve as its typical pathological manifestations, which ultimately lead to joint destruction and function loss. Both clinical observations and metabolomics studies have revealed the prevalence of metabolic disorders in RA. In inflammatory immune microenvironments, energy metabolism is profoundly changed. Increasingly evidences suggest that this abnormality is involved in the occurrence and development of RA-related inflammation. Unsurprisingly, many energy metabolism sensors have been confirmed with immunoregulatory properties. As a representative, silent information regulator type 1 (Sirt1) controls many aspects of immune cells, such as cell lifespan, polarization, and secretion by functioning as a transcriptional regulator. Because of the profound clinical implication, researches on Sirt1 in the regulation of energy metabolism and immune functions under RA conditions have gradually gained momentum. This signaling balances glycolysis, lipid metabolism and insulin secretion orchestrating with other metabolism sensors, and consequently affects immune milieu through a so-called metabolism-immune feedback mechanism. This article reviews the involvement of Sirt1 in RA by discussing its impacts on energy metabolism and immune functions, and specially highlights the potential of Sirt1-targeting anti-rheumatic regimens. It also provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the mystery about the high incidence of metabolic complications in RA patients and identifying new anti-rheumatic reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Xin'An Medicine Research Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wen-Juan Fang
- The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Heifei, China
| | - Shu Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Xin'An Medicine Research Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Sa-Sa Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Xin'An Medicine Research Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Dan-Feng Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, China
| | - Zhong-Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wen-Gang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Jian Zuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, China; Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
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88
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Wu S, Li XF, Wu YY, Yin SQ, Huang C, Li J. N6 -Methyladenosine and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comprehensive Review. Front Immunol 2021; 12:731842. [PMID: 34630412 PMCID: PMC8498590 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.731842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of the most common autoimmune diseases, is characterized by immune cell infiltration, fibroblast-like synovial cell hyperproliferation, and cartilage and bone destruction. To date, numerous studies have demonstrated that immune cells are one of the key targets for the treatment of RA. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal modification to eukaryotic mRNA, which is involved in the splicing, stability, export, and degradation of RNA metabolism. m6A methylated-related genes are divided into writers, erasers, and readers, and they are critical for the regulation of cell life. They play a significant role in various biological processes, such as virus replication and cell differentiation by controlling gene expression. Furthermore, a growing number of studies have indicated that m6A is associated with the occurrence of numerous diseases, such as lung cancer, bladder cancer, gastric cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we summarize the history of m6A research and recent progress on RA research concerning m6A enzymes. The relationship between m6A enzymes, immune cells, and RA suggests that m6A modification offers evidence for the pathogenesis of RA, which will help in the development of new therapies for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Wu
- Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Postdoctoral Station of Clinical Medicine of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Su-Qin Yin
- Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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89
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Zhang X, Zhao W, Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Lv Z, Zhang Z, Ren H, Wang Q, Liu M, Qian M, Du B, Qin J. Inflammatory macrophages exacerbate neutrophil-driven joint damage through ADP/P2Y 1 signaling in rheumatoid arthritis. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 65:953-968. [PMID: 34480694 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints and is associated with excessive immune cell infiltration. However, the complex interactions between the immune cell populations in the RA synovium remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that inflammatory macrophages in the synovium exacerbate neutrophil-driven joint damage in RA through ADP/P2Y1 signaling. We show that extracellular ADP (eADP) and its receptors are obviously increased in synovial tissues of RA patients as well as collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice, and eADP enhances neutrophil infiltration into joints through macrophages producing the chemokine CXCL2, aggravating disease development. Accordingly, the arthritis mouse model had more neutrophils in inflamed joints following ADP injection, whereas P2Y1 deficiency and pharmacologic inhibition restored arthritis severity to basal levels, suggesting a dominant role of ADP/P2Y1 signaling in RA pathology. Moreover, cellular activity of ADP/P2Y1-mediated CXCL2 production was dependent on the Gαq/Ca2+-NF-κB/NFAT pathway in macrophages. Overall, this study reveals a non-redundant role of eADP as a trigger in the pathogenesis of RA through neutrophil recruitment and disrupted tissue homeostasis and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 510275, China
| | - Wenxiang Zhao
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yihan Zhao
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zeda Zhao
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhangsheng Lv
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hua Ren
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Min Qian
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Bing Du
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Juliang Qin
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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90
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Parayath NN, Hao S, Stephan SB, Koehne AL, Watson CE, Stephan MT. Genetic in situ engineering of myeloid regulatory cells controls inflammation in autoimmunity. J Control Release 2021; 339:553-561. [PMID: 34437913 PMCID: PMC8599636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability of myeloid regulatory cells (MRCs) to control immune responses and to promote tolerance has prompted enormous interest in exploiting them therapeutically to treat inflammation, autoimmunity, or to improve outcomes in transplantation. While immunomodulatory small-molecule compounds and antibodies have provided relief for some patients, the dosing entails high systemic drug exposures and thus increased risk of off-target adverse effects. More recently, MRC-based cell-therapy products have entered clinical testing for tolerance induction. However, the elaborate and expensive protocols currently required to manufacture engineered MRCs ex vivo put this approach beyond the reach of many patients who might benefit. A solution could be to directly program MRCs in vivo. Here we describe a targeted nanocarrier that delivers in vitro-transcribed mRNA encoding a key anti-inflammatory mediator. We demonstrate in models of systemic lupus erythematosus that infusions of nanoparticles formulated with mRNA encoding glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) effectively control the disease. We further establish that these nanoreagents are safe for repeated dosing. Implemented in the clinic, this new therapy could enable physicians to treat autoimmune disease while avoiding systemic treatments that disrupt immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Parayath
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - S Hao
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - S B Stephan
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - A L Koehne
- Translational Pathology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - C E Watson
- Translational Pathology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - M T Stephan
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, WA, USA.
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91
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Li Y, Gu C, Liu G, Yu Y, Xu J. Polarization of rheumatoid macrophages is regulated by the CDKN2B-AS1/ MIR497/TXNIP axis. Immunol Lett 2021; 239:23-31. [PMID: 34418490 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The polarization of macrophages plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis. The macrophages can have pro-inflammatory M1 polarization and various types of alternative anti-inflammatory M2 polarization. Our preliminary results showed that the CDKN2B-AS1/MIR497/TXNIP axis might regulate macrophages of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Therefore, we hypothesized that this axis regulated the polarization of rheumatoid macrophages. Flow cytometry was used to determine the surface polarization markers in M1 or M2 macrophages from healthy donors and rheumatoid arthritis patients. The QPCR and Western Blotting were used to compare the expression of the CDKN2B-AS1/MIR497/TXNIP axis in these macrophages. We Knocked down and overexpressed the axis in the macrophage cell line MD to test its roles in macrophage polarization. Compared to cells from healthy donors, cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients expressed higher levels of CD40 and CD80 and lower levels of CD16, CD163, CD206, and CD200R after polarization, they also expressed higher CDKN2B-AS1, lower MIR497, and higher TXNIP. In macrophages from healthy donors, there was no correlation among CDKN2B-AS1, MIR497, and TXNIP. But in macrophages from patients, there were significant correlations. The CDKN2B-AS1 knockdown, MIR497 mimics suppressed the M1 polarization but promoted the M2 polarization in MD cells, while the MIR497 knockdown and the TXNIP overexpression did the opposite. This study demonstrated that elevated CDKN2B-AS1 in macrophages promotes the M1 polarization and inhibited the M2 polarization of macrophages by the CDKN2B-AS1/ MIR497/TXNIP axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Gu
- Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guanlei Liu
- Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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92
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Ahn H, Roh JS, Lee S, Beon J, Lee B, Sohn DH, Kim S. Myeloid IPMK promotes the resolution of serum transfer-induced arthritis in mice. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:219-226. [PMID: 34408810 PMCID: PMC8366620 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1952305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by widespread joint inflammation, which leads to joint damage, disability, and mortality. Among the several types of immune cells, myeloid cells such as macrophages are critical for controlling the pathogenesis of RA. Inositol phosphates are water-soluble signaling molecules, which are synthesized by a series of enzymes including inositol phosphate kinases. Previous studies revealed actions of inositol phosphates and their metabolic enzymes in the modulation of inflammation such as Toll-like receptor-triggered innate immunity. However, the physiological roles of inositol polyphosphate (IP) metabolism in the regulation of RA remain largely uncharacterized. Therefore, our study sought to determine the role of inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK), a key enzyme for IP metabolism and various cellular signaling control mechanisms, in mediating RA. Using myeloid cell-specific IPMK knockout (KO) mice, arthritis was induced via intraperitoneal K/BxN serum injection, after which disease severity was evaluated. Both wild-type and IPMK KO mice developed similar RA phenotypes; however, conditional deletion of IPMK in myeloid cells led to elevated arthritis scores during the resolution phase, suggesting that IPMK deficiency in myeloid cells impairs the resolution of inflammation. Bone marrow-derived IPMK KO macrophages exhibited no apparent defects in immunoglobulin Fc receptor (FcR) activation, osteoclast differentiation, or resolvin signaling. Taken together, our findings suggest that myeloid IPMK is a key determinant of RA resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoungjoon Ahn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong Seong Roh
- Department of Herbal Prescription, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Seulgi Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jiyoon Beon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Beomgu Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sohn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Seyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea.,KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
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93
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Bu J, Zhang M, Wu Y, Jiang N, Guo Y, He X, He H, Jeyalatha MV, Reinach PS, Liu Z, Li W. High-Fat Diet Induces Inflammation of Meibomian Gland. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:13. [PMID: 34398199 PMCID: PMC8374999 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.10.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine if a high-fat diet (HFD) induces meibomian gland (MG) inflammation in mice. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard diet (SD), HFD, or HFD supplemented with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonist rosiglitazone for various durations. Body weight, blood lipid levels, and eyelid changes were monitored at regular intervals. MG sections were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining, LipidTox staining, TUNEL assay, and immunostaining. Quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analyses were performed to detect relative gene expression and signaling pathway activation in MGs. Results MG acinus accumulated more lipids in the mice fed the HFD. Periglandular CD45-positive and F4/80-positive cell infiltration were more evident in the HFD mice, and they were accompanied by upregulation of inflammation-related cytokines. PPAR-γ downregulation accompanied activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways in the HFD mice. There was increased acini cell apoptosis and mitochondria damage in mice fed the HFD. MG inflammation was ameliorated following a shift to the standard diet and rosiglitazone treatment in the mice fed the HFD. Conclusions HFD-induced declines in PPAR-γ expression and MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway activation resulted in MG inflammation and dysfunction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Bu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Minjie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuli Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - M Vimalin Jeyalatha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Peter Sol Reinach
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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94
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Fu W, Hu W, Yi YS, Hettinghouse A, Sun G, Bi Y, He W, Zhang L, Gao G, Liu J, Toyo-Oka K, Xiao G, Solit DB, Loke P, Liu CJ. TNFR2/14-3-3ε signaling complex instructs macrophage plasticity in inflammation and autoimmunity. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e144016. [PMID: 34185706 DOI: 10.1172/jci144016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFR1 and TNFR2 have received prominent attention because of their dominance in the pathogenesis of inflammation and autoimmunity. TNFR1 has been extensively studied and primarily mediates inflammation. TNFR2 remains far less studied, although emerging evidence demonstrates that TNFR2 plays an antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory role in various conditions and diseases. Herein, we report that TNFR2 regulates macrophage polarization, a highly dynamic process controlled by largely unidentified intracellular regulators. Using biochemical copurification and mass spectrometry approaches, we isolated the signaling molecule 14-3-3ε as a component of TNFR2 complexes in response to progranulin stimulation in macrophages. In addition, 14-3-3ε was essential for TNFR2 signaling-mediated regulation of macrophage polarization and switch. Both global and myeloid-specific deletion of 14-3-3ε resulted in exacerbated inflammatory arthritis and counteracted the protective effects of progranulin-mediated TNFR2 activation against inflammation and autoimmunity. TNFR2/14-3-3ε signaled through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to restrict NF-κB activation while simultaneously stimulating C/EBPβ activation, thereby instructing macrophage plasticity. Collectively, this study identifies 14-3-3ε as a previously unrecognized vital component of the TNFR2 receptor complex and provides new insights into the TNFR2 signaling, particularly its role in macrophage polarization with therapeutic implications for various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases with activation of the TNFR2/14-3-3ε antiinflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wenhuo Hu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Young-Su Yi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aubryanna Hettinghouse
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Guodong Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yufei Bi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wenjun He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Guanmin Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jody Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kazuhito Toyo-Oka
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - David B Solit
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Png Loke
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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95
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Zhou S, Lu H, Xiong M. Identifying Immune Cell Infiltration and Effective Diagnostic Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:726747. [PMID: 34484236 PMCID: PMC8411707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.726747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, leading to persistent synovitis and joint destruction. The pathogenesis of RA remains unclear. This study aims to explore the immune molecular mechanism of RA through bioinformatics analysis. Methods Five microarray datasets and a high throughput sequencing dataset were downloaded. CIBERSORT algorithm was performed to evaluate immune cell infiltration in synovial tissues between RA and healthy control (HC). Wilcoxon test and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression were conducted to identify the significantly different infiltrates of immune cells. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by "Batch correction" and "RobustRankAggreg" methods. Functional correlation of DEGs were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Candidate biomarkers were identified by cytoHubba of Cytoscape, and their diagnostic effectiveness was predicted by Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (ROC) analysis. The association of the identified biomarkers with infiltrating immune cells was explored using Spearman's rank correlation analysis in R software. Results Ten significantly different types of immune cells between RA and HC were identified. A total of 202 DEGs were obtained by intersection of DEGs screened by two methods. The function of DEGs were significantly associated with immune cells. Five hub genes (CXCR4, CCL5, CD8A, CD247, and GZMA) were screened by R package "UpSet". CCL5+CXCR4 and GZMA+CD8A were verified to have the capability to diagnose RA and early RA with the most excellent specificity and sensitivity, respectively. The correlation between immune cells and biomarkers showed that CCL5 was positively correlated with M1 macrophages, CXCR4 was positively correlated with memory activated CD4+ T cells and follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, and GZMA was positively correlated with Tfh cells. Conclusions CCL5, CXCR4, GZMA, and CD8A can be used as diagnostic biomarker for RA. GZMA-Tfh cells, CCL5-M1 macrophages, and CXCR4- memory activated CD4+ T cells/Tfh cells may participate in the occurrence and development of RA, especially GZMA-Tfh cells for the early pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hongcheng Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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96
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Yamauchi T, Makinodan M, Toritsuka M, Okumura K, Kayashima Y, Ishida R, Kishimoto N, Takahashi M, Komori T, Yamaguchi Y, Takada R, Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Yasuda Y, Hashimoto R, Kishimoto T. Tumor necrosis factor-α expression aberration of M1/M2 macrophages in adult high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res 2021; 14:2330-2341. [PMID: 34374213 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex, and its pathobiology is characterized by enhanced inflammatory activities; however, the precise pathobiology and underlying causes of ASD remain unclear. This study was performed to identify inflammatory indicators useful for diagnosing ASD. The mRNA expression of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), was measured in cultured M1 and M2 macrophages from patients with ASD (n = 29) and typically developed (TD) individuals (n = 30). Additionally, TNF-α expression in the monocytes of patients with ASD (n = 7), showing aberrations in TNF-α expression in M1/M2 macrophages and TD individuals (n = 6), was measured. TNF-α expression in M1 macrophages and the TNF-α expression ratio in M1/M2 macrophages were markedly higher in patients with ASD than in TD individuals; however, this increase was not observed in M2 macrophages (M1: sensitivity = 34.5%, specificity = 96.7%, area under the curve = 0.74, positive likelihood ratio = 10.34; ratio of M1/M2: sensitivity = 55.2%, specificity = 96.7%, area under the curve = 0.79, positive likelihood ratio = 16.55). Additionally, TNF-α expression in monocytes did not significantly differ between patients with ASD and TD individuals. In conclusion, further studies on TNF-α expression in cultured macrophages may improve the understanding of ASD pathobiology. LAY SUMMARY: TNF-α expression in differentiated M1 macrophages and TNF-α expression ratio in differentiated M1/M2 macrophages were markedly higher in patients with ASD than in TD individuals, while no difference in TNF-α expression was found in pre-differentiation cells such as monocytes. These measurements allow elucidation of the novel pathobiology of ASD and can contribute to biomarker implementation for the diagnosis of adult high-functioning ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okumura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kayashima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Rio Ishida
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Masato Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasunari Yamaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryohei Takada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- Life Grow Brilliant Mental Clinic, Medical Corporation Foster, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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97
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Macrophage as a Peripheral Pain Regulator. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081881. [PMID: 34440650 PMCID: PMC8392675 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A neuroimmune crosstalk is involved in somatic and visceral pathological pain including inflammatory and neuropathic components. Apart from microglia essential for spinal and supraspinal pain processing, the interaction of bone marrow-derived infiltrating macrophages and/or tissue-resident macrophages with the primary afferent neurons regulates pain signals in the peripheral tissue. Recent studies have uncovered previously unknown characteristics of tissue-resident macrophages, such as their origins and association with regulation of pain signals. Peripheral nerve macrophages and intestinal resident macrophages, in addition to adult monocyte-derived infiltrating macrophages, secrete a variety of mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, high mobility group box 1 and bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), that regulate the excitability of the primary afferents. Neuron-derived mediators including neuropeptides, ATP and macrophage-colony stimulating factor regulate the activity or polarization of diverse macrophages. Thus, macrophages have multitasks in homeostatic conditions and participate in somatic and visceral pathological pain by interacting with neurons.
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98
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Roszkowski L, Ciechomska M. Tuning Monocytes and Macrophages for Personalized Therapy and Diagnostic Challenge in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081860. [PMID: 34440629 PMCID: PMC8392289 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes/macrophages play a central role in chronic inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Activation of these cells results in the production of various mediators responsible for inflammation and RA pathogenesis. On the other hand, the depletion of macrophages using specific antibodies or chemical agents can prevent their synovial tissue infiltration and subsequently attenuates inflammation. Their plasticity is a major feature that helps the switch from a pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1) to an anti-inflammatory state (M2). Therefore, understanding the precise strategy targeting pro-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages should be a powerful way of inhibiting chronic inflammation and bone erosion. In this review, we demonstrate potential consequences of different epigenetic regulations on inflammatory cytokines production by monocytes. In addition, we present unique profiles of monocytes/macrophages contributing to identification of new biomarkers of disease activity or predicting treatment response in RA. We also outline novel approaches of tuning monocytes/macrophages by biologic drugs, small molecules or by other therapeutic modalities to reduce arthritis. Finally, the importance of cellular heterogeneity of monocytes/macrophages is highlighted by single-cell technologies, which leads to the design of cell-specific therapeutic protocols for personalized medicine in RA in the future.
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99
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Punicalagin ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis by downregulating M1 macrophage and pyroptosis via NF-κB signaling pathway. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 65:588-603. [PMID: 34125371 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that eventually leads to disability. Inflammatory cell infiltration, severe joint breaking and systemic bone loss are the main clinical symptoms. In this study, we established a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model and found a large number of M1 macrophages and pyroptosis, which are important sources of proinflammatory cytokines. Punicalagin (PUN) is an active substance extracted from pomegranate peel. We found that it inhibited joint inflammation, cartilage damage and systemic bone destruction in CIA mice. PUN effectively alleviated the high expression of inflammatory cytokines in synovial tissue in vivo. PUN treatment shifted macrophages from the M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-γ. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and other proinflammatory cytokines released by M1 macrophages was decreased in the PUN treatment group. However, simultaneously, the expression of markers of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, such as arginase (Arg)-1 and interleukin (IL)-10, was increased. In addition, PUN treatment attenuated pyroptosis by downregulating the expression of NLRP3 and caspase-1, thereby preventing inflammatory cell death resulting from the release of IL-1β and IL-18. Mechanistically, PUN inhibited the activation of receptor activators of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, which contributes to M1 polarization and pyroptosis of macrophages. We concluded that PUN ameliorated pathological inflammation by inhibiting M1 phenotype polarization and pyroptosis and has great potential as a therapeutic treatment for human RA.
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100
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Pal RR, Rajpal V, Singh P, Saraf SA. Recent Findings on Thymoquinone and Its Applications as a Nanocarrier for the Treatment of Cancer and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:775. [PMID: 34067322 PMCID: PMC8224699 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer causes a considerable amount of mortality in the world, while arthritis is an immunological dysregulation with multifactorial pathogenesis including genetic and environmental defects. Both conditions have inflammation as a part of their pathogenesis. Resistance to anticancer and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) happens frequently through the generation of energy-dependent transporters, which lead to the expulsion of cellular drug contents. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a bioactive molecule with anticancer as well as anti-inflammatory activities via the downregulation of several chemokines and cytokines. Nevertheless, the pharmacological importance and therapeutic feasibility of thymoquinone are underutilized due to intrinsic pharmacokinetics, including short half-life, inadequate biological stability, poor aqueous solubility, and low bioavailability. Owing to these pharmacokinetic limitations of TQ, nanoformulations have gained remarkable attention in recent years. Therefore, this compilation intends to critically analyze recent advancements in rheumatoid arthritis and cancer delivery of TQ. This literature search revealed that nanocarriers exhibit potential results in achieving targetability, maximizing drug internalization, as well as enhancing the anti-inflammatory and anticancer efficacy of TQ. Additionally, TQ-NPs (thymoquinone nanoparticles) as a therapeutic payload modulated autophagy as well as enhanced the potential of other drugs when given in combination. Moreover, nanoformulations improved pharmacokinetics, drug deposition, using EPR (enhanced permeability and retention) and receptor-mediated delivery, and enhanced anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. TQ's potential to reduce metal toxicity, its clinical trials and patents have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Raj Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), VidyaVihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.R.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Vasundhara Rajpal
- Department of Biotechology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), VidyaVihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), VidyaVihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.R.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Shubhini A. Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), VidyaVihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.R.P.); (P.S.)
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