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Juengel E, Natsheh I, Najafi R, Rutz J, Tsaur I, Haferkamp A, Chun FKH, Blaheta RA. Mechanisms behind Temsirolimus Resistance Causing Reactivated Growth and Invasive Behavior of Bladder Cancer Cells In Vitro. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060777. [PMID: 31167517 PMCID: PMC6627393 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, such as temsirolimus, show promise in treating bladder cancer, acquired resistance often hampers efficacy. This study evaluates mechanisms leading to resistance. Methods: Cell growth, proliferation, cell cycle phases, and cell cycle regulating proteins were compared in temsirolimus resistant (res) and sensitive (parental—par) RT112 and UMUC3 bladder cancer cells. To evaluate invasive behavior, adhesion to vascular endothelium or to immobilized extracellular matrix proteins and chemotactic activity were examined. Integrin α and β subtypes were analyzed and blocking was done to evaluate physiologic integrin relevance. Results: Growth of RT112res could no longer be restrained by temsirolimus and was even enhanced in UMUC3res, accompanied by accumulation in the S- and G2/M-phase. Proteins of the cdk-cyclin and Akt-mTOR axis increased, whereas p19, p27, p53, and p73 decreased in resistant cells treated with low-dosed temsirolimus. Chemotactic activity of RT112res/UMUC3res was elevated following temsirolimus re-exposure, along with significant integrin α2, α3, and β1 alterations. Blocking revealed a functional switch of the integrins, driving the resistant cells from being adhesive to being highly motile. Conclusion: Temsirolimus resistance is associated with reactivation of bladder cancer growth and invasive behavior. The α2, α3, and β1 integrins could be attractive treatment targets to hinder temsirolimus resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Juengel
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Iyad Natsheh
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt 13110, Jordan.
| | - Ramin Najafi
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Jochen Rutz
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Igor Tsaur
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Felix K-H Chun
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Roman A Blaheta
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Zhang Z, Chen J, Huang W, Ning D, Liu Q, Wang C, Zhang L, Ren L, Chu L, Liang H, Fan H, Zhang B, Chen X. FAM134B induces tumorigenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via Akt signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:792-810. [PMID: 30556279 PMCID: PMC6441892 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fam134b (JK-1, RETREG1) was first identified as an oncogene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, the roles of FAM134B during tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were previously unclear. In this study, we investigated the function of FAM134B in HCC and the related tumorigenesis mechanisms, as well as how FAM134B induces EMT. We detected the expression of FAM134B in a normal hepatic cell line, HCC cell lines, fresh specimens, and a HCC tissue microarray. A retrospective study of 122 paired HCC tissue microarrays was used to analyze the correlation between FAM134B and clinical features. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments, rescue experiments, Akt pathway activator/inhibitors, nude mice xenograft models, and nude mice lung metastasis models were used to determine the underlying mechanisms of FAM134B in inducing tumorigenesis and EMT in vitro and in vivo. The expression level of FAM134B was highly elevated in HCC, as compared with that in normal liver tissues and normal hepatic cells. Overexpression of FAM134B was significantly associated with tumor size (P = 0.025), pathological vascular invasion (P = 0.026), differentiation grade (P = 0.023), cancer recurrence (P = 0.044), and portal vein tumor thrombus (P = 0.036) in HCC. Patients with high expression of FAM134B had shorter overall survival and disease-free survival than patients with non-high expression of FAM134B. Furthermore, knockdown of FAM134B with shRNAs inhibited cell growth and motility, as well as tumor formation and metastasis in nude mice, all of which were promoted by overexpression of FAM134B. Our study demonstrated that Fam134b is an oncogene that plays a crucial role in HCC via the Akt signaling pathway with subsequent glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation, accumulation of β-catenin, and stabilization of Snail, which promotes tumorigenesis, EMT, and tumor metastasis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao‐qi Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Jin Chen
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Wan‐qiu Huang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Deng Ning
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic SurgeryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qiu‐meng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Chao Wang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Long Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Qinghai UniversityXiningChina
| | - Liang Chu
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Hui‐fang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Hai‐ning Fan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Qinghai UniversityXiningChina
| | - Bi‐xiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Xiao‐ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationMinistry of Education and Ministry of Public HealthWuhanChina
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery in Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
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Kim J, Piao HL, Kim BJ, Yao F, Han Z, Wang Y, Xiao Z, Siverly AN, Lawhon SE, Ton BN, Lee H, Zhou Z, Gan B, Nakagawa S, Ellis MJ, Liang H, Hung MC, You MJ, Sun Y, Ma L. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 suppresses breast cancer metastasis. Nat Genet 2018; 50:1705-1715. [PMID: 30349115 PMCID: PMC6265076 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 510] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MALAT1 has previously been described as a metastasis-promoting long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). We show here, however, that targeted inactivation of the Malat1 gene in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer, without altering the expression of its adjacent genes, promotes lung metastasis, and that this phenotype can be reversed by genetic add-back of Malat1. Similarly, knockout of MALAT1 in human breast cancer cells induces their metastatic ability, which is reversed by re-expression of Malat1. Conversely, overexpression of Malat1 suppresses breast cancer metastasis in transgenic, xenograft, and syngeneic models. Mechanistically, the MALAT1 lncRNA binds and inactivates the prometastatic transcription factor TEAD, preventing TEAD from associating with its co-activator YAP and target gene promoters. Moreover, MALAT1 levels inversely correlate with breast cancer progression and metastatic ability. These findings demonstrate that MALAT1 is a metastasis-suppressing lncRNA rather than a metastasis promoter in breast cancer, calling for rectification of the model for this highly abundant and conserved lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongchan Kim
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hai-Long Piao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Beom-Jun Kim
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fan Yao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhenbo Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhenna Xiao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashley N Siverly
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah E Lawhon
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Baochau N Ton
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hyemin Lee
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhicheng Zhou
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Matthew J Ellis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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Zhu JF, Liu Y, Huang H, Shan L, Han ZG, Liu JY, Li YL, Dong X, Zeng W. MicroRNA-133b/EGFR axis regulates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastases by suppressing anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent growth. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:193. [PMID: 30479571 PMCID: PMC6251163 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0684-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anoikis resistance has been demonstrated to facilitate distant metastases of cancers. MicroRNA-133b (miR-133b) is found to be down-regulated in various tumors, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and closely correlates with the malignant phenotype of ESCC. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of miR-133b in metastases of ESCC via regulating anoikis. Methods The expression of miR-133b and related molecules were detected in ESCC tissues and cells. The target relationship between miR-133b and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Anoikis and anchorage-independent growth were assessed by anoikis assay and soft agar assay. Migration and invasion were evaluated by scratch and transwell assays. The expressions of related molecules were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The in vivo results were determined by tumor xenografts in nude mice. Results MiR-133b level was decreased in ESCC tissues and cells, which negatively correlated with EGFR, integrin β4 (ITGB4), and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase levels. Moreover, miR-133b down-regulated EGFR expression in ESCC cells. Overexpression of miR-133b inhibited the anoikis resistance, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ESCC cells via targeting EGFR. Finally, miR-133b overexpression suppressed tumor growth and lung metastases of ESCC in vivo. ITGB4/FAK/growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), protein kinase B (AKT), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways were involved in the regulatory mechanisms of miR-133b/EGFR axis in ESCC metastases in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions The results suggested that miR-133b/EGFR axis regulated metastases of ESCC by affecting anoikis resistance via ITGB4/FAK/Grb2, AKT, and ERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Zhu
- 2Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- 3Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- 4Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 People's Republic of China.,5Department of Histology and Embryology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shan
- 1First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789, East Suzhou Street, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Han
- 1First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789, East Suzhou Street, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Yuan Liu
- 1First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789, East Suzhou Street, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Long Li
- 1First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789, East Suzhou Street, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Dong
- 6Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zeng
- 1First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789, East Suzhou Street, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang People's Republic of China.,7Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, No.1098, Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong People's Republic of China
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ZNF32 induces anoikis resistance through maintaining redox homeostasis and activating Src/FAK signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2018; 442:271-278. [PMID: 30439540 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells need to attain anoikis resistance to survive prior to metastasis making it a vital trait of malignancy. The molecular mechanism by which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells resist anoikis remains not fully understood. Here, we report that ZNF32 expression is markedly upregulated in HCC cells upon detachment. Enforced ZNF32 expression significantly promotes the anchorage-independent growth capability of HepG2 and Huh7 cells, whereas knockdown of ZNF32 results in increased apoptosis of HCC cells after detachment. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that ZNF32 overexpression suppresses the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and maintains mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to ATP, GSH and NADPH elevation and promoting HCC cell survival in response to suspension. Moreover, ZNF32 enhances the phosphorylation and activation of Src/FAK signaling. Src and FAK inhibitors effectively reverse ZNF32-induced anoikis resistance in HCC cells. Collectively, our findings not only reveal a novel and important mechanism by which ZNF32 contributes to anoikis resistance through maintaining redox homeostasis and activating Src/FAK signaling, but also suggest the potential therapeutic value of ZNF32 in HCC patients.
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56
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Jang M, Koh I, Lee JE, Lim JY, Cheong JH, Kim P. Increased extracellular matrix density disrupts E-cadherin/β-catenin complex in gastric cancer cells. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:2704-2713. [PMID: 30151505 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00843d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During gastric cancer (GC) progression, increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, notably collagen type I, correlates with an overall increase in expression of the mesenchymal phenotype. In GC tissue, the intestinal epithelium exhibits impaired cell-cell adhesion and enhanced cell-ECM adhesion. The alteration of intercellular integrity is one of tumorigenesis feature including tumor invasion and metastasis. Using a density-varying ECM, we studied the effect of ECM density on both intercellular- and ECM-interactions according to alterations of ECM-mediated signaling. A dense collagen matrix increases integrin-mediated cell-ECM interactions with phosphorylated FAK and ERK signaling in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS, MKN74), which regulates GC proliferation and the chemotherapeutic response. In addition, GC cells exhibited a disrupted membranous E-cadherin/β-catenin complex and, remarkably, showed cytoplasmic or nucleic localization of β-catenin in response to collagen density. Furthermore, we found that membranous E-cadherin/β-catenin complex could be recovered by inhibiting the phosphorylation of FAK, which in turn influences the chemotherapeutic effect. These results provide insight into how matrix density differentially regulates cancer cell phenotype and may have significant implications for the design of biomaterials with appropriate physical properties for in vitro tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjeong Jang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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Li JJ, Tu WZ, Chen XM, Ying HY, Chen Y, Ge YL, Wang J, Xu Y, Chen TF, Zhang XW, Ye JJ, Liu Y. FAK alleviates radiation-induced rectal injury by decreasing apoptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 360:131-140. [PMID: 30292832 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced rectal injury is closely related with radiotherapy efficiency. Here, we investigated the effect of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in radiation-induced rectal injury. Peripheral blood samples of patients with rectal cancer were collected prior to radiotherapy. Differentially expressed genes and copy number variations (CNVs) were analyzed by microarray analysis. The CTCAE v3.0 toxicity grades were used to assess acute rectal injury. The radiosensitivity of human intestinal epithelial crypt (HIEC) cells were assayed by colony formation, mitochondrial membrane potential, flow cytometry and western blotting. The rectums of C57BL/6 mice were X-irradiated locally with a single dose of 15 Gy. The effect of FAK on radiation-induced injury was investigated by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). FAK mRNA level was inversely correlated with rectal injury severity in patient samples. A CNV amplification located on chromosome 8 was closely related with FAK. Further functional assays revealed increased levels of γH2AX expression and apoptosis-related proteins in FAK-silenced HIEC cells. The ratio of TUNEL, cl-caspase-3, cyto-c and bax/bcl-2 expression in the rectum mucosa treated with a FAK inhibitor increased significantly. These results demonstrated that FAK reduced radiation-induced rectal injury by decreasing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Tu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xu-Ming Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hou-Yu Ying
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yu-Long Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Handan, Handan 056001, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ting-Feng Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin-Jun Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Abstract
Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix is fundamental to tissue integrity and human health. Integrins are the main cellular adhesion receptors that through multifaceted roles as signalling molecules, mechanotransducers and key components of the cell migration machinery are implicated in nearly every step of cancer progression from primary tumour development to metastasis. Altered integrin expression is frequently detected in tumours, where integrins have roles in supporting oncogenic growth factor receptor (GFR) signalling and GFR-dependent cancer cell migration and invasion. In addition, integrins determine colonization of metastatic sites and facilitate anchorage-independent survival of circulating tumour cells. Investigations describing integrin engagement with a growing number of versatile cell surface molecules, including channels, receptors and secreted proteins, continue to lead to the identification of novel tumour-promoting pathways. Integrin-mediated sensing, stiffening and remodelling of the tumour stroma are key steps in cancer progression supporting invasion, acquisition of cancer stem cell characteristics and drug resistance. Given the complexity of integrins and their adaptable and sometimes antagonistic roles in cancer cells and the tumour microenvironment, therapeutic targeting of these receptors has been a challenge. However, novel approaches to target integrins and antagonism of specific integrin subunits in stringently stratified patient cohorts are emerging as potential ways forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellyeh Hamidi
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Colburn ZT, Jones JCR. Complexes of α6β4 integrin and vimentin act as signaling hubs to regulate epithelial cell migration. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs214593. [PMID: 29976561 PMCID: PMC6080603 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.214593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We find that clusters of β4 integrin, organized into distinct puncta, localize along vimentin filaments within lamellipodia at the cell edge of A549 cells, as assessed by interferometric photoactivated localization microscopy. Moreover, puncta and vimentin filaments exhibit a dynamic interplay in live cells, as viewed by structured-illumination microscopy, with β4 integrin puncta that associate with vimentin persisting for longer than those that do not. Interestingly, in A549 cells β4 integrin regulates vimentin cytoskeleton organization. When β4 integrin is knocked down there is a loss of vimentin filaments from lamellipodia. However, in these conditions, vimentin filaments instead concentrate around the nucleus. Although β4 integrin organization is unaffected in vimentin-deficient A549 cells, such cells move in a less-directed fashion and exhibit reduced Rac1 activity, mimicking the phenotype of β4 integrin-deficient A549 cells. Moreover, in vimentin-deficient cells, Rac1 fails to cluster at sites enriched in α6β4 integrin heterodimers. The aberrant motility of both β4 integrin and vimentin-deficient cells is rescued by expression of active Rac1, leading us to propose that complexes of β4 integrin and vimentin act as signaling hubs, regulating cell motility behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T Colburn
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, BLS 202F, 1770 NE Stadium Way, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Jonathan C R Jones
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, BLS 202F, 1770 NE Stadium Way, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Wang R, Yu Z, Chen F, Xu H, Shen S, Chen W, Chen L, Su Q, Zhang L, Bi J, Zeng W, Li W, Huang X, Wang Q. miR-300 regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1632-1642. [PMID: 29864952 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been closely correlated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the involvement of miR-300 in the development of HCC remains unknown. This study elucidated the potential molecular mechanisms of miR-300 in the modulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion of HCC. The expression levels of miR-300 in HCC cells and clinical samples were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and in situ hybridization. The in vitro function of miR-300 in HCC was evaluated using a migration/invasion assay. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to validate the roles of miR-300 and FAK/PI3K/AKT in EMT progression. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the target gene. miR-300 was down-regulated in HCC and significantly correlated with a poor prognosis in HCC patients. The down-regulation of miR-300 increased the invasiveness of the HCC cells, and promoted the EMT in both HCC tissues and HCC cells. In contrast, up-regulation of miR-300 led to the opposite results. Ectopic overexpression of miR-300 reversed TGF-β1-induced EMT in SMMC-7721 cells, and according to a dual-luciferase reporter assay and rescue assay, miR-300 inhibits the EMT-mediated migration and invasion of HCC cells via the targeted modulation of FAK and the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. miR-300 targeting modulates FAK, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibits the EMT and suppresses the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Thus, miR-300 represents a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchang Wang
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Zheng Yu
- General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Fan Chen
- General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Hongxu Xu
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Shunli Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Lianzhou Chen
- General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Qiao Su
- Animal Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Longjuan Zhang
- General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Jiong Bi
- General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Wentao Zeng
- General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Wen Li
- General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
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Huafeng J, Deqing Z, Yong D, Yulian Z, Ailing H. A cross-talk between integrin β4 and epidermal growth factor receptor induces gefitinib chemoresistance to gastric cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:50. [PMID: 29618949 PMCID: PMC5879569 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer presents a major health burden worldwide. Therefore, many molecular targeting agents have been evaluated for treatment of gastric cancer. Gefitinib has shown anticancer activity against gastric cancer which work through inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, the effect of gefitinib is limited due to its resistance. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of gefitinib resistance is desperately needed to formulate novel strategies against gastric cancer. Here, we analyzed resistance mechanism from the crosstalk between EGFR and integrin β4. Methods Integrin β4-expression vector or siRNA were used to analyze the functional effects of integrin β4 on chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells to gefitinib. EGFR and integrin β4 expression, proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence, western blot, MTT and flow cytometry respectively. EGFR and integrin β4 expression were also assayed on patient samples. Results It was found that the integrin β4 expression was increased in gefitinib-resistant gastric cell line. The upregulated integrin β4 expression was identified to promote gefitinib resistance and proliferation, and inhibit apoptosis, while downregulation of integrin β4 was to inhibit gefitinib resistance and proliferation, and induce apoptosis. Moreover, the overexpression of integrin β4 in SGC7901 cells resulted in the down-regulation of p-EGFR protein levels while down-regulation of integrin β4, significantly resulted in overexpression of p-EGFR. The results of western blot from patients also showed there was obvious negative correlation between p-EGFR and integrin β4 in gastric cancer patients. Conclusion Considering the above results, it is concluded that the interaction of EGFR and integrin β4 may change the sensitivity of gefitinib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huafeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hongze District People's Hospital, Huai'an, 223100 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhang Deqing
- 2Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Ding Yong
- Department of General Surgery, Hongze District People's Hospital, Huai'an, 223100 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhang Yulian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hongze District People's Hospital, Huai'an, 223100 Jiangsu China
| | - Hu Ailing
- Department of Oncology, Hongze District People's Hospital, 102 Dongfeng Road, Hongze District, Huai'an, 223100 Jiangsu China
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LncRNA CASC9 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis through upregulating LAMC2 expression by interacting with the CREB-binding protein. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1980-1995. [PMID: 29511340 PMCID: PMC6219493 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main subtype of esophageal cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are thought to play a critical role in cancer development. Recently, lncRNA CASC9 was shown to be dysregulated in many cancer types, but the mechanisms whereby this occurs remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that CASC9 was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues, with further analysis revealing that elevated CASC9 expression was associated with ESCC prognosis and metastasis. Furthermore, we found that CASC9 knockdown significantly repressed ESCC migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in nude mice in vivo. A microarray analysis and mechanical experiments indicated that CASC9 preferentially affected gene expression linked to ECM–integrin interactions, including LAMC2, an upstream inducer of the integrin pathway. We demonstrated that LAMC2 was consistently upregulated in ESCC and promoted ESCC metastasis. LAMC2 overexpression partially compromised the decrease of cell migration and invasion capacity in CASC9 knockdowns. In addition, we found that both CASC9 and LAMC2 depletion reduced the phosphorylation of FAK, PI3K, and Akt, which are downstream effectors of the integrin pathway. Moreover, the reduction in phosphorylation caused by CASC9 depletion was rescued by LAMC2 overexpression, further confirming that CASC9 exerts a pro-metastatic role through LAMC2. Mechanistically, RNA pull-down and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay indicated that CASC9 could bind with the transcriptional coactivator CREB-binding protein (CBP) in the nucleus. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay additionally illustrated that CASC9 increased the enrichment of CBP and H3K27 acetylation in the LAMC2 promoter, thereby upregulating LAMC2 expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that CASC9 upregulates LAMC2 expression by binding with CBP and modifying histone acetylation. Our research reveals the prognostic and pro-metastatic roles for CASC9 in ESCC, suggesting that CASC9 could serve as a biomarker for prognosis and a target for metastasis treatment.
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Roumans NJT, Wang P, Vink RG, van Baak MA, Mariman ECM. Combined Analysis of Stress- and ECM-Related Genes in Their Effect on Weight Regain. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:492-498. [PMID: 29399976 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During weight loss, the volume of adipocytes decreases, leading to stress because of the misfit between the cell contents and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). This stress can be resolved by remodeling the ECM or the restorage of triglycerides within the adipocytes. The objective of this study was to investigate the existence of a connection between stress-related and ECM-related genes that is associated with weight regain. METHODS Thirty-one participants with overweight or obesity followed a 5-week very-low-calorie diet (500 kcal/d) with a subsequent 4-week weight-stable diet (WS), and then an uncontrolled 9-month follow-up. Adipose tissue biopsies were collected for microarray analysis. A correlation and interaction analysis was performed with the weight regain percentage (WR%) ([weight after follow-up - weight after WS] ÷ weight after WS × 100%) by using two gene sets that were previously defined as "stress-related" (n = 107) and "ECM-related" genes (n = 277). RESULTS During WS, a coexpression network of 8 stress-related genes and 15 ECM-related genes correlating with WR% could be constructed, with links to multiple biological processes. Interaction analysis between stress- and ECM-related genes revealed that several gene combinations were highly related to weight regain. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the importance of the connection between stress- and ECM-related genes in the risk for weight regain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia J T Roumans
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel G Vink
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen A van Baak
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin C M Mariman
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Luo ML, Zhou Z, Sun L, Yu L, Sun L, Liu J, Yang Z, Ran Y, Yao Y, Hu H. An ADAM12 and FAK positive feedback loop amplifies the interaction signal of tumor cells with extracellular matrix to promote esophageal cancer metastasis. Cancer Lett 2018; 422:118-128. [PMID: 29476791 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) have a poor prognosis mostly due to early metastasis. To explore the early event of metastasis in ESCC, we established an in vitro selection model to mimic the interaction of tumor cells with extracellular matrix, through which a sub-line of ESCC cells with high invasive ability was generated. By comparing the gene expression profile of the highly invasive sub-line to that of the parental cells, ADAM12-L was identified as a candidate gene promoting ESCC cell invasion. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the ADAM12-L was overexpressed in human ESCC tissues, especially at cancer invasive edge, and ADAM12-L overexpression tightly correlated with increased metastasis and poor outcome of ESCC patients. Indeed, ADAM12-L knockdown reduced the invasion and metastasis of ESCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ADAM12-L participated in focal adhesion turnover and promoted the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which in turn increased ADAM12-L transcription through FAK/JNK/c-Jun axis. Therefore, a loop initiated from the cancer cell upon the engagement with extracellular matrix through FAK and c-Jun to enhance ADAM12-L expression is established, leading to the positive feedback of further FAK activation and prompting metastasis. Our study indicates that overexpression of ADAM12-L can serve as a precision marker to determine the activation of this loop. Targeting ADAM12-L to disrupt this positive feedback loop represents a promising strategy to treat the metastasis of esophageal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Li Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, SunYat-Sen Memorial Hospital, SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lichao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuliang Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yandan Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Hai Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Tomar S, Plotnik JP, Haley J, Scantland J, Dasari S, Sheikh Z, Emerson R, Lenz D, Hollenhorst PC, Mitra AK. ETS1 induction by the microenvironment promotes ovarian cancer metastasis through focal adhesion kinase. Cancer Lett 2018; 414:190-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Shan Y, Cao W, Wang T, Jiang G, Zhang Y, Yang X. ZNF259 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cells proliferation and invasion by FAK-AKT signaling. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:879-889. [PMID: 29276408 PMCID: PMC5733926 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s150614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc finger protein 259 (ZNF259) is known to play essential roles in embryonic development and cell cycle regulation. However, its expression pattern and clinicopathological relevance remain unclear. Materials and methods A total of 114 lung cancer specimens were collected. The ZNF259 expression was measured between the lung cancer tissues and the adjacent normal lung tissues by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. Moreover, the correlation of ZNF259 expression with clinicopathological features was analyzed in 114 cases of lung cancer. Additionally, ZNF259 was depleted in the lung cancer cells in order to analyze its effect in the lung cancer. Results Immunohistochemical staining of 114 lung cancer specimens revealed significantly lower ZNF259 expression in lung cancer tissues than in adjacent normal lung tissues (53.5% vs 71.4%, P<0.001). In addition, ZNF259 downregulation was significantly associated with larger tumor size (P=0.001), advanced TNM stage (P=0.002), and positive lymph node metastasis (P=0.02). Western blotting of 20 paired lung cancer samples revealed lower ZNF259 protein levels in lung cancer tissues than in those of corresponding normal lung tissues (P=0.0032). Depletion of ZNF259 resulted in enhanced levels of p-FAK and p-AKT, CyclinD1, and MMP2, which in turn increased the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells. The effects of ZNF259 depletion were reversed by treatment with specific FAK or AKT inhibitors. Conclusion ZNF259 depletion is correlated with the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and serves as a predictor of adverse clinical outcome in NSCLC patients. The inhibitory effect of ZNF259 on proliferation and invasion can be attributed to downregulation of CyclinD1 and MMP2 via inactivation of the FAK-AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemei Shan
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Applied Technology, Institute of Technology of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianghong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang W, Zhang B, Vu T, Yuan G, Zhang B, Chen X, Manne U, Datta PK. Molecular characterization of pro-metastatic functions of β4-integrin in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92333-92345. [PMID: 29190919 PMCID: PMC5696185 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The β4-integrin subunit has been implicated in development and progression of several epithelial tumor types. However, its role in metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. To study CRC metastasis, we generated a highly invasive, metastatic cell line MC38-LM10 (LM10) by passaging mouse CRC MC38 cells ten times, using a splenic injection model of liver metastasis. Affymetrix microarray analyses of LM10 and MC38 cell lines and their corresponding liver metastases generated a gene signature for CRC metastasis. This signature shows strong upregulation of β4-integrin in LM10 cells and corresponding metastases. Upregulation of β4-integrin in highly aggressive LM10 cells is associated with increased migration, invasion, and liver metastases. Furthermore, stable knockdown of β4-integrin in human CRC SW620 cells reduces Bcl-2 expression, increases apoptosis, and decreases invasion, tumorigenicity, and liver metastasis, thus resulting in significantly increased survival of mice (hazard ratio = 0.32, 95% confidence interval = 0.15-0.66, P<0.01). Patients with CRC tumors display higher β4-integrin levels in stages 1-4 and significantly lower survival rate. Collectively, β4-integrin plays a critical role in CRC progression, invasion, and metastasis, suggesting that it could be a potential therapeutic target for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanguang Zhang
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Trung Vu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Guandou Yuan
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Binhao Zhang
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Pran K Datta
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Zeng B, Devadoss D, Wang S, Vomhof-DeKrey EE, Kuhn LA, Basson MD. Inhibition of pressure-activated cancer cell adhesion by FAK-derived peptides. Oncotarget 2017; 8:98051-98067. [PMID: 29228673 PMCID: PMC5716713 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Forces within the surgical milieu or circulation activate cancer cell adhesion and potentiate metastasis through signaling requiring FAK-Akt1 interaction. Impeding FAK-Akt1 interaction might inhibit perioperative tumor dissemination, facilitating curative cancer surgery without global FAK or AKT inhibitor toxicity. Serial truncation and structurally designed mutants of FAK identified a seven amino acid, short helical structure within FAK that effectively competes with Akt1-FAK interaction. Adenoviral overexpression of this FAK-derived peptide inhibited pressure-induced FAK phosphorylation and AKT-FAK coimmunoprecipitation in human SW620 colon cancer cells briefly exposed to 15mmHg increased pressure, consistent with laparoscopic or post-surgical pressures. Adenoviral FAK-derived peptide expression prevented pressure-activation of SW620 adhesion not only to collagen-I-coated plates but also to murine surgical wounds. A scrambled peptide did not. Finally, we modeled operative shedding of tumor cells before irrigation and closure by transient cancer cell adhesion to murine surgical wounds before irrigation and closure. Thirty minute preincubation of SW620 cells at 15mmHg increased pressure impaired subsequent tumor free survival in mice exposed to cells expressing the scrambled peptide. The FAK-derived sequence prevented this. These results suggest that blocking FAK-Akt1 interaction may prevent perioperative tumor dissemination and that analogs or mimics of this 7 amino acid FAK-derived peptide could impair metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixi Zeng
- Department of Surgery, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Dinesh Devadoss
- Department of Surgery, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States
| | - Shouye Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States
| | - Emilie E Vomhof-DeKrey
- Department of Surgery, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States
| | - Leslie A Kuhn
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States.,Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Marc D Basson
- Department of Surgery, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States
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69
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Colburn ZT, Jones JCR. α 6β 4 Integrin Regulates the Collective Migration of Epithelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 56:443-452. [PMID: 27922761 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0313oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
α6β4 integrin is localized in a unique punctate distribution at the cell-substratum interface along the leading front of single, front-rear-polarized A549 cells. These puncta are interspersed between focal adhesions and lack association with the actin cytoskeleton. Knockdown of β4 integrin in A549 cells inhibits their directed migration, with knockdown cells exhibiting large focal adhesions and reduced actin dynamics. Despite these changes, the speed of knockdown cells is equivalent to control cells. Interestingly, in such cells, α6 integrin retains its punctate distribution. Moreover, in β4 integrin knockdown cells, we observe a loss of β1 integrin from focal adhesions and an enhanced association with α6 integrin. We confirmed the switch in the β integrin binding partner of α6 integrin in the knockdown cells by immunoprecipitation. We next investigated the role of β4 integrin in collective cell migration. Wounded monolayers of β4 integrin knockdown cells exhibit reduced collective migration compared with controls. When we forced expression of β4 integrin in the leader cells of wounded monolayers, collective migration was restored. Similarly, forced expression of β4 integrin in primary rat alveolar epithelial cells also promotes collective cell migration. In addition, we interrogated the pathway by which β4 integrin regulates A549 cell-directed migration. Constitutively active Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 rescues motility defects resulting from β4 integrin deficiency. Together, our results support the hypothesis that α6β4 integrin is a positive regulator of collective cell migration of A549 cells through influence on signal pathways in leader cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T Colburn
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Jonathan C R Jones
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
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Wang X, Zeng J, Wang L, Zhang X, Liu Z, Zhang H, Dong J. Overexpression of microRNA-133b is associated with the increased survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy: Involvement of the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:141-150. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Integrin-β4 identifies cancer stem cell-enriched populations of partially mesenchymal carcinoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E2337-E2346. [PMID: 28270621 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618298114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic cells within individual carcinomas often exhibit considerable phenotypic heterogeneity in their epithelial versus mesenchymal-like cell states. Because carcinoma cells with mesenchymal features are often more resistant to therapy and may serve as a source of relapse, we sought to determine whether such cells could be further stratified into functionally distinct subtypes. Indeed, we find that a basal epithelial marker, integrin-β4 (ITGB4), can be used to enable stratification of mesenchymal-like triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells that differ from one another in their relative tumorigenic abilities. Notably, we demonstrate that ITGB4+ cancer stem cell (CSC)-enriched mesenchymal cells reside in an intermediate epithelial/mesenchymal phenotypic state. Among patients with TNBC who received chemotherapy, elevated ITGB4 expression was associated with a worse 5-year probability of relapse-free survival. Mechanistically, we find that the ZEB1 (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1) transcription factor activity in highly mesenchymal SUM159 TNBC cells can repress expression of the epithelial transcription factor TAp63α (tumor protein 63 isoform 1), a protein that promotes ITGB4 expression. In addition, we demonstrate that ZEB1 and ITGB4 are important in modulating the histopathological phenotypes of tumors derived from mesenchymal TNBC cells. Hence, mesenchymal carcinoma cell populations are internally heterogeneous, and ITGB4 is a mechanistically driven prognostic biomarker that can be used to identify the more aggressive subtypes of mesenchymal carcinoma cells in TNBC. The ability to rapidly isolate and mechanistically interrogate the CSC-enriched, partially mesenchymal carcinoma cells should further enable identification of novel therapeutic opportunities to improve the prognosis for high-risk patients with TNBC.
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Dilly AK, Tang K, Guo Y, Joshi S, Ekambaram P, Maddipati KR, Cai Y, Tucker SC, Honn KV. Convergence of eicosanoid and integrin biology: Role of Src in 12-LOX activation. Exp Cell Res 2017; 351:1-10. [PMID: 28011194 PMCID: PMC5303182 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
12-Lipoxygenase (12-LOX) metabolizes arachidonic acid to 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, or 12(S)-HETE, a proinflammatory bioactive lipid implicated in tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. The mechanisms underlying 12-LOX-mediated signaling in cancer progression are still ill-defined. In the present study we demonstrate that 12-LOX phosphorylation and subsequent enzymatic activity occurs after integrin β4 stimulation and Src kinase recruitment to the integrin subunit. Inhibition of Src activity by PP2 or Src dominant-negative mutants reduced 12-LOX tyrosine phosphorylation and 12(S)-HETE production in response to integrin β4 stimulation in A431 cells. The pertinent Src-targeted residues for 12-LOX activity were mapped to Y19 and Y614, where 12-LOX mutants Y19F and Y614F showed 70% less enzymatic activity. Furthermore, we have shown that the 12-LOX activity modulated by these residues impacts migration. To our knowledge, this is the first report that c-Src kinase activity is required for β4-integrin-mediated phosphorylation of 12-LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok-Kumar Dilly
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Keqin Tang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Yande Guo
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Sangeeta Joshi
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Prasanna Ekambaram
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Yinlong Cai
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Stephanie C Tucker
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Kenneth V Honn
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Departments of Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
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Li XL, Liu L, Li DD, He YP, Guo LH, Sun LP, Liu LN, Xu HX, Zhang XP. Integrin β4 promotes cell invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the modulation of Slug expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40464. [PMID: 28084395 PMCID: PMC5233967 DOI: 10.1038/srep40464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin β4 (ITGB4) is a transmembrane receptor involved in tumorigenesis and the invasiveness of many cancers. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most prevalent human cancers worldwide, remains unclear. Here, we examined the involvement of ITGB4 in HCC and explored the underlying mechanisms. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemical analyses of tissues from 82 patients with HCC and four HCC cell lines showed higher ITGB4 levels in tumor than in adjacent non-tumor tissues and in HCC than in normal hepatic cells. Silencing of ITGB4 repressed cell proliferation, colony forming ability and cell invasiveness, whereas ectopic expression of ITGB4 promoted the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells and induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in parallel with the upregulation of Slug, as shown by transwell assays, WB and immunocytochemistry. Knockdown of Slug reduced cell viability inhibited invasion and reversed the effects of ITBG4 overexpression on promoting EMT, and AKT/Sox2-Nanog may also be involved. In a xenograft tumor model induced by injection of ITGB4-overexpressing cells into nude mice, ITGB4 promoted tumor growth and metastasis to the lungs. Taken together, our results indicate that ITGB4 plays a tumorigenic and pro-metastatic role mediated by Slug and suggest IGTB4 could be a prognostic indicator or a therapeutic target in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Educational Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Educational Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ya-Ping He
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Educational Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Le-Hang Guo
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Educational Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Educational Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lin-Na Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Educational Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Educational Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China,
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhang
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China,
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