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Huang ZF, Zhang ML, Zhang S, Wang YH, Jiang XW. Structural characterization of polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris and their hypolipidemic effects in high fat diet fed mice. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41012-41022. [PMID: 35557892 PMCID: PMC9091693 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09068h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is a crude dietary therapeutic mushroom with high nutritional and medicinal values. Mushroom-derived polysaccharides have been found to possess antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities. This study aimed to partially clarify the structural characterization and comparatively evaluate hypolipidemic potentials of intracellular- (IPCM) and extracellular polysaccharides of C. militaris (EPCM) in high fat diet fed mice. Results indicated that IPCM-2 is α-pyran polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 32.5 kDa, was mainly composed of mannose, glucose and galactose with mass percentages of 51.94%, 10.54%, and 37.25%, respectively. EPCM-2 is an α-pyran polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 20 kDa that is mainly composed of mannose, glucose and galactose with mass percentages of 44.51%, 18.33%, and 35.38%, respectively. In in vivo study, EPCM-1 treatment (100 mg kg-1 d-1) showed potential effects on improving serum lipid profiles of hyperlipidemic mice, reflected by decreasing serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels by 20.05%, 45.45% and 52.63%, respectively, while IPCM-1 treatment (100 mg kg-1 d-1) remarkably decreased TC, TG and LDL-C levels by 20.74%, 47.93%, and 38.25%, respectively. In addition, EPCM-1 ameliorated hyperlipidemia possibly through upregulating the expression of serum lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and down-regulating the expression of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR), as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, while IPCM-1 remarkably upregulated the expression of serum LPL. This study confirms polysaccharides from C. militaris could be explored as functional foods or natural medicines for preventing hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Feng Huang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University No. 55 West of Zhongshan Avenue Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Ming-Long Zhang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University No. 55 West of Zhongshan Avenue Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Song Zhang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University No. 55 West of Zhongshan Avenue Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University No. 55 West of Zhongshan Avenue Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xue-Wen Jiang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University No. 55 West of Zhongshan Avenue Guangzhou Guangdong China
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52
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Wang Z, Wang X, Yan H, Liu Y, Li L, Li S, Wang X, Wang D. Aronia melanocarpa ameliorates gout and hyperuricemia in animal models. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2018.1541967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanzhou Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaopeng Li
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Jilin University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Jilin University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
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Olatunji OJ, Tang J, Tola A, Auberon F, Oluwaniyi O, Ouyang Z. The genus Cordyceps : An extensive review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Fitoterapia 2018; 129:293-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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The Antidiabetic and Antinephritic Activities of Tuber melanosporum via Modulation of Nrf2-Mediated Oxidative Stress in the db/db Mouse. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7453865. [PMID: 30186548 PMCID: PMC6087590 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7453865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tuber melanosporum (TM), a valuable edible fungus, contains 19 types of fatty acid, 17 types of amino acid, 6 vitamins, and 7 minerals. The antidiabetic and antinephritic effects of TM and the underlying mechanisms related to oxidative stress were investigated in db/db mice. Eight-week oral administration of metformin (Met) at 0.1 g/kg and TM at doses of 0.2 and 0.4 g/kg decreased body weight, plasma glucose, serum levels of glycated hemoglobin, triglyceride, and total cholesterol and increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the mice, suggesting hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. TM promoted glucose metabolism by increasing the levels of pyruvate kinase and hepatic glycogen. It also regulated the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative enzymes in serum and/or the kidneys of the mice. Additionally, TM increased the expression of nuclear respiratory factor 2 (Nrf2), catalase, heme oxygenase 1, heme oxygenase 2, and manganese superoxide dismutase 2 and decreased the expression of protein kinase C alpha, phosphor-janus kinase 2, phosphor-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and phosphor-nuclear factor-κB in the kidneys. The results of this study reveal the antidiabetic and antidiabetic nephritic properties of TM via modulating oxidative stress and inflammation-related cytokines through improving the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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55
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Wang X, Chu Q, Jiang X, Yu Y, Wang L, Cui Y, Lu J, Teng L, Wang D. Sarcodon imbricatus polysaccharides improve mouse hematopoietic function after cyclophosphamide-induced damage via G-CSF mediated JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:578. [PMID: 29784961 PMCID: PMC5962553 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sarcodon imbricatus, a rare medicinal and edible fungus, has various pharmacological bioactivities. We investigated the effects of S. imbricatus polysaccharides (SIPS) on hematopoietic function and identified the underlying mechanisms using in vitro experiments with CHRF, K562, and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) and in vivo experiments with a mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic dysfunction. We found that SIPS induced proliferation and differentiation of CHRF and K562 cells and upregulated the expression of hematopoietic-related proteins, including p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSK1p90), c-Myc, and ETS transcription factor, in the two cell lines. After 28 days of treatment, SIPS enhanced the bodyweight and thymus indices of the mice, alleviated enlargement of the spleen and liver, and contributed to the recovery of peripheral blood to normal levels. More importantly, the percentages of B lymphocytes and hematopoietic stem cells or hematopoietic progenitor cells were significantly elevated in bone marrow. Based on an antibody chip analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, SIPS were found to successfully regulate 12 cytokines to healthy levels in serum and spleen. The cytokines included the following: interleukins 1Ra, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, tumor necrosis factor α, interferon−γ, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), C-C motif chemokine1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein−1. Moreover, SIPS upregulated the phosphorylation levels of janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the spleen, and similar results were validated in CHRF cells, K562 cells, and BMMNCs. The data indicate that SIPS activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, possibly by interactions among multiple cytokines, particularly G-CSF. We found that SIPS was remarkably beneficial to the bone marrow hematopoietic system, and we anticipate that it could improve myelosuppression induced by long-term radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qiubo Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Libian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yaqi Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jiahui Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lirong Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China. .,Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Jilin University, Zhuhai, 519041, China.
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China. .,Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Jilin University, Zhuhai, 519041, China.
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56
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Song J, Wang X, Huang Y, Qu Y, Zhang G, Wang D. Analgesic effects of Marasmius androsaceus mycelia ethanol extract and possible mechanisms in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [PMID: 29513798 PMCID: PMC5856440 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20177124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Marasmius androsaceus is a medicinal fungus mainly used to treat various forms of pain in China. This study investigated the analgesic effects of an ethanol extract of M. androsaceus (MAE) and its potential molecular mechanisms. Oral administration of MAE (50, 200, and 1000 mg/kg) had significant analgesic effects in an acid-induced writhing test, a formalin test, and a hot-plate test, with effectiveness similar to tramadol (the positive control drug). The autonomic activity test showed that MAE had no harmful effects on the central nervous system in mice. MAE resulted in significantly enhanced levels of noradrenalin and 5-hydroxytryptamine in serum but suppressed both of these neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus after 30 s of hot-plate stimulation. Co-administration with nimodipine (10 mg/kg; a Ca2+ channel blocker) strongly enhanced the analgesic effect in the hot-plate test compared to MAE alone. Moreover, MAE down-regulated the expression of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the hypothalamus after a 30-s thermal stimulus. These results suggested that the analgesic ability of MAE is related to the regulation of metabolism by monoamine neurotransmitters and Ca2+/CaMKII-mediated signaling, which can potentially aid the development of peripheral neuropathic pain treatments obtained from M. androsaceus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,The College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yidi Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Jilin University, Zhuhai, China
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57
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Yong T, Chen S, Xie Y, Chen D, Su J, Shuai O, Jiao C, Zuo D. Cordycepin, a Characteristic Bioactive Constituent in Cordyceps militaris, Ameliorates Hyperuricemia through URAT1 in Hyperuricemic Mice. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:58. [PMID: 29422889 PMCID: PMC5788910 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we've reported the anti-hyperuricemic effects of Cordyceps militaris. As a characteristic compound of C. militaris, we hypothesized that cordycepin may play a role in preventing hyperurecimia. Remarkably, cordycepin produced important anti-hyperuricemic actions, decreasing SUA (serum uric acid) to 216, 210, and 203 μmol/L (P < 0.01) at 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg in comparison of hyperuricemic control (337 μmol/L), closing to normal control (202 μmol/L). Elisa, RT-PCR and western blot analysis demonstrated that the actions may be attributed to its downregulation of uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) in kidney. Serum creatinine levels and blood urine nitrogen and liver, kidney, and spleen coefficients demonstrated that cordycepin may not impact liver, renal, and spleen functions. In addition, we used computational molecular simulation to investigate the binding mechanism of cordycepin. Of which, van der Waals interaction dominated the binding. Residues TRP290, ARG17, ALA408, GLY411, and MET147 contributed mainly on nonpolar energy. This provided the theoretical guidance to rationally design and synthesis novel URAT1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqiao Yong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application and Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaodan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application and Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application and Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co, Guangzhou, China
| | - Diling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application and Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application and Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ou Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application and Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunwei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application and Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zuo
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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58
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Abstract
Cordyceps is one of the most well-known mushroom with numerous bioactive compounds possess wide range of biotherapeutic activities. This mushroom has been used for many years as medicinal food particularly in China and in different regions of south East Asia. Cordycepin is a nucleoside compound extracted from different species of Cordyceps and considered as one of the most important bioactive metabolites of this fungus. This low molecular weight compound exhibit several medicinal functions as anticancer, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory agent. In this chapter we reviewed recent published research on the cordycepin chemistry, production, extraction, isolation, purification, biotherapeutic activities and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhim Pratap Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram India
| | - Ajit Kumar Passari
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram India
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59
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Takakura K, Ito S, Sonoda J, Tabata K, Shiozaki M, Nagai K, Shibata M, Koike M, Uchiyama Y, Gotow T. Cordyceps militaris improves the survival of Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats possibly via influences of mitochondria and autophagy functions. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00462. [PMID: 29264419 PMCID: PMC5727564 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Cordyceps and its specific ingredient, cordycepin, have attracted much attention for multiple health benefits and expectations for lifespan extension. We analyzed whether Cordyceps militaris (CM), which contains large amounts of cordycepin, can extend the survival of Dahl salt-sensitive rats, whose survival was reduced to ∼3 months via a high-salt diet. The survival of these life-shortened rats was extended significantly when supplemented with CM, possibly due to a minimization of the effects of stroke. Next, we analyzed the effect of CM on hypertension-sensitive organs, the central nervous systems (CNS), heart, kidney and liver of these rats. We attempted to ascertain how the organs were improved by CM, and we paid particular attention to mitochondria and autophagy functions. The following results were from CM-treated rats in comparison with control rats. Microscopically, CNS neurons, cardiomyocytes, glomerular podocytes, renal epithelial cells, and hepatocytes all were improved. However, immunoblot and immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expressions of mitochondria-related proteins, ATP synthase β subunit, SIRT3 and SOD2, and autophagy-related proteins, LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and cathepsin D all were reduced significantly in the CNS neurons, but increased significantly in the cells of the other three organs, although p62 was decreased in its expression in all the organs tested. Activity of Akt and mTOR was enhanced but that of AMPK was reduced in the CNS, while such kinase activity was completely the opposite in the other organs. Together, the influence of CM may differ between mitochondria and autophagy functioned between the two organ groups, as mitochondria and autophagy seemed to be repressed and promoted, respectively, in the CNS, while both mitochondria and autophagy were activated in the others. This could possibly be related to the steady or improved cellular activity in both the organs, which might result in the life extension of these rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Takakura
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, College of Nutrition, Koshien University, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-0006, Japan
| | - Shogo Ito
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, College of Nutrition, Koshien University, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-0006, Japan
| | - Junya Sonoda
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, College of Nutrition, Koshien University, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-0006, Japan
| | - Koji Tabata
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, College of Nutrition, Koshien University, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-0006, Japan
| | - Motoko Shiozaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kaoru Nagai
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, College of Nutrition, Koshien University, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-0006, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shibata
- Department of Morphological Science, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchiyama
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takahiro Gotow
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, College of Nutrition, Koshien University, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-0006, Japan
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60
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Lee JB, Adrower C, Qin C, Fischer PM, de Moor CH, Gershkovich P. Development of Cordycepin Formulations for Preclinical and Clinical Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:3219-3226. [PMID: 28560504 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0795-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is extensive literature on in vivo studies with cordycepin, but these studies were generally conducted without validation of the various formulations, especially in terms of the solubility of cordycepin in the dosing vehicles used. Cordycepin is a promising drug candidate in multiple therapeutic areas, and there is a growing interest in studies aimed at assessing the pharmacological activity of this compound in relevant animal disease models. It is likely that many reported in vivo studies used formulations in which cordycepin was incompletely soluble. This can potentially confound the interpretation of pharmacokinetics and efficacy results. Furthermore, the presence of particles in intravenously administered suspension can cause adverse effects and should be avoided. Here, we present the results from our development of simple and readily applicable formulations of cordycepin based on quantitative solubility assessment. Homogeneous solutions of cordycepin were prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at different pH levels, suitable as formulations for both intravenously and oral administration. For the purpose of high-dose oral administration, we also developed propylene glycol (PPG)-based vehicles in which cordycepin is completely soluble. The stability of the newly developed formulations was also assessed, as well as the feasibility of their sterilisation by filtration. Additionally, an HPLC-UV method for the determination of cordycepin in the formulations, which may also be useful for other purposes, was developed and validated. Our study could provide useful information for improvement of future preclinical and clinical studies involving cordycepin.
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Modulation Effects of Cordycepin on Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Rat Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons in the Presence/Absence of Oxygen. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:2459053. [PMID: 29225974 PMCID: PMC5684588 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2459053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study revealed that cordycepin features important neuroprotective effects against hypoxic insult by improvement of neuronal electrophysiological function. Modulation on voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) in CA1 neurons is the initial event during hypoxia/ischemia. However, no study comprehensively investigated cordycepin on VGSC. Hence, this study investigated modulation effects of cordycepin on VGSC not only in oxygen physiological conditions but also in acute oxygen deprivation injury conditions. Results revealed that cordycepin (80 μM) reduced the amplitude of VGSC currents (INa) (77.6% of control, p < 0.01) within 1 min of drug exposure coupled with a negative shift in steady-state inactivation and prolonged recovery time course from inactivation. Additionally, this mild reduction on the peak of INa induced by the pretreatment with cordycepin can attenuate and delay the following hypoxia causing rapid dramatic decrease in INa with no additive change in the voltage dependence of inactivation. As modulation on VGSC in CA1 neurons represents the initial event during ischemia, we propose that suppression effect of cordycepin on VGSC is an important neuronal protective mechanism that may enhance neuronal tolerance to acute oxygen deprivation and delay hypoxia-induced neuronal injuries.
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62
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Li X, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Cao X, Wu C, Guo P. Cordycepin stimulates autophagy in macrophages and prevents atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE -/- mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:94726-94737. [PMID: 29212261 PMCID: PMC5706907 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy in macrophages plays a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis and has become a potential therapeutic target. Here we show that cordycepin (Cpn), a natural derivative of adenosine, markedly reduced atherosclerotic plaque and ameliorated associated symptoms such as dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and inflammation in ApoE-/- mice. Supplementation of Cpn dose-dependently inhibited oxLDL-elicited foam cell formation and modulated intracellular cholesterol homeostasis by inhibiting cholesterol uptake and promoting cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 macrophages. Notably, Cpn exhibited significant stimulating effect on macrophage autophagy, as estimated by western blotting, immunofluorescent staining and autophagic vacuoles observation by transmission electron microscopy. The inhibitive effects of Cpn on foam cell formation were dramatically deteriorated in the presence of various autophagy inhibitors, suggesting that autophagy participate, at least in part, in the atheroprotective role of Cpn. Further investigations using different autophagy inhibitors and specific siRNAs for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) gamma1 subunit indicated that Cpn may stimulate macrophage autophagy through AMPK-mTOR pathway. Together, our results demonstrated Cpn as a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, and the autophagic activity presents a novel mechanism for Cpn-mediated atheroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Cao
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Chongming Wu
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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63
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Wang J, Liu Y, Li L, Qi Y, Zhang Y, Li L, Teng L, Wang D. Dopamine and serotonin contribute to Paecilomyces hepiali against chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depressive behavior in Sprague Dawley rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5675-5682. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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64
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65
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Song J, Wang X, Huang Y, Qu Y, Teng L, Wang D, Meng Z. Antidepressant-like effects of Marasmius androsaceus metabolic exopolysaccharides on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced rat model. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5043-5049. [PMID: 28765907 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Marasmius androsaceus (M. androsaceus), a medicinal fungus, has various pharmacological activities including antidepression. The present study investigated the effects of exopolysaccharides obtained during M. androsaceus submerged fermentation in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)‑induced depression rat model. Similar to fluoxetine (positive drug), 4‑week administration of M. androsaceus exopolysaccharides (MEPS) at doses of 6, 30 and 150 mg/kg strongly enhanced bodyweight gain and sucrose consumption, and reduced the immobility time in forced swimming test and tail suspension test in CUMS rats. MEPS resulted in significant enhancement on the levels of noradrenalin, dopamine, 5‑hydroxytryptamine (5‑HT), and 5‑hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the serum and hypothalamus of CUMS rats, as detected by ELISA. Western blotting results revealed that MEPS upregulated the protein expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase in the hypothalamus of CUMS rats. In conclusion, these results confirmed the antidepressant‑like effects of MEPS, and suggested that the monoamine neurotransmitter system is involved in its antidepressive effects in a CUMS rat model. The present study provided evidence for the clinical application of MEPS as an effective agent against depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yidi Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Lesheng Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
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Cheng Y, Wei Y, Yang W, Song Y, Shang H, Cai Y, Wu Z, Zhao W. Cordycepin confers neuroprotection in mice models of intracerebral hemorrhage via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1133-1145. [PMID: 28401330 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been recognized as a major contributor to brain injury caused by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome acts as an important mediator of inflammatory response in various inflammation-related diseases including hemorrhagic insults. Cordycepin has recently been shown to possess anti-inflammatory effect; however, its role and the possible underlying mechanisms in ICH remain unclear. This study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of cordycepin in mice models of ICH and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. ICH was induced in male ICR mice by injecting autologous blood infusion stereotactically. Cordycepin was then given intraperitoneally (i.p.) at 30 min after ICH induction. The results demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome was activated and exacerbated the inflammatory progression after ICH. Cordycepin treatment significantly alleviated neurological deficits, brain edema, and perihematomal tissue damage following ICH. These changes were accompanied by downregulated NLRP3 inflammasome components expression and a reduction of production and release of inflammasome substrates interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). Furthermore, cordycepin ameliorated neuronal death in the perihematomal regions, accompanied by a large reduction in the expression of high-mobility group protein B 1 (HMGB1) post-ICH. In conclusion, this study provides in vivo evidence that cordycepin confers neuroprotective effect in the models of ICH, possibly through the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaying Song
- Department of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanbing Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, North Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201800, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhebao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
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67
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Wang J, Hu W, Li L, Huang X, Liu Y, Wang D, Teng L. Antidiabetic activities of polysaccharides separated from Inonotus obliquus via the modulation of oxidative stress in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180476. [PMID: 28662169 PMCID: PMC5491251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (IOs) on diabetes and other underlying mechanisms related to inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in a mouse model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Four weeks administration of metformin (120 mg/kg) and IO1-4 (50%-80% alcohol precipitation), or IO5 (total 80% alcohol precipitation) at doses of 50 mg/kg reverses the abnormal changes of bodyweights and fasting blood glucose levels of diabetic mice. IOs significantly increased the insulin and pyruvate kinase levels in serum, and improved the synthesis of glycogen, especially for IO5. IOs restored the disturbed serum levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde. The down-regulation of interleukin-2 receptor, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and the enhancement of interleukin-2 in serum of diabetic mice were significantly attenuated by IOs. Histologic and morphology examinations showed that IOs repaired the damage on kidney tissues, inhibited inflammatory infiltrate and extracellular matrix deposit injuries in diabetic mice. Compared with untreated diabetic mice, IOs decreased the expression of phosphor-NF-κB in the kidneys. These results show that IOs treatment attenuated diabetic and renal injure in STZ-induced diabetic mice, possibly through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. These results provide valuable evidences to support the use of I. obliquus as a hypoglycemic functional food and/or medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenji Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lanzhou Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinping Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yange Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (DW); (LT)
| | - Lirong Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (DW); (LT)
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68
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Adnan M, Ashraf SA, Khan S, Alshammari E, Awadelkareem AM. Effect of pH, temperature and incubation time on cordycepin production from Cordyceps militaris using solid-state fermentation on various substrates. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2017.1325406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saif Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eyad Alshammari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Mahgoub Awadelkareem
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
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69
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Antifatigue Effects of Antrodia cinnamomea Cultured Mycelium via Modulation of Oxidative Stress Signaling in a Mouse Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9374026. [PMID: 28424791 PMCID: PMC5382311 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9374026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antrodia cinnamomea, a folk medicinal mushroom, has numerous biological effects. In this study, we aim to assess whether the antifatigue effects of A. cinnamomea mycelia (AC) and its underlying mechanisms are related to oxidative stress signaling using behavioral mouse models and biochemical indices detection. Mice were orally treated with AC at doses of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.9 g/kg for three weeks. AC had no effect on the spontaneous activities of mice indicating its safety on central nervous system. Furthermore, results obtained from weight-loaded forced swimming test, rotary rod test, and exhausted running test confirmed that AC significantly enhanced exercise tolerance of mice. Biochemical indices levels showed that these effects were closely correlated with inhibiting the depletion of glycogen and adenosine triphosphate stores, regulating oxidative stress-related parameters (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde) in serum, skeletal muscle, and liver of mice. Moreover, the effects of AC may be related with its regulation on the activations of AMP-activated protein kinase, protein kinase B, and mammalian target of rapamycin in liver and skeletal muscle of mice. Altogether, our data suggest that the antifatigue properties of AC may be one such modulation mechanism via oxidative stress-related signaling in mice.
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Hepatoprotective Effects of Antrodia cinnamomea: The Modulation of Oxidative Stress Signaling in a Mouse Model of Alcohol-Induced Acute Liver Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7841823. [PMID: 28337253 PMCID: PMC5350382 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7841823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the components of A. cinnamomea (AC) mycelia were systematically analyzed. Subsequently, its hepatoprotective effects and the underlying mechanisms were explored using a mouse model of acute alcohol-induced liver injury. AC contained 25 types of fatty acid, 16 types of amino acid, 3 types of nucleotide, and 8 types of mineral. The hepatoprotective effects were observed after 2 weeks of AC treatment at doses of 75 mg/kg, 225 mg/kg, and 675 mg/kg in the mouse model. These effects were indicated by the changes in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, several oxidation-related factors, and inflammatory cytokines in serum and/or liver samples. AC reduced the incidence rate of necrosis, inflammatory infiltration, fatty droplets formation, and cell apoptosis in liver detecting via histological and TUNEL assay. In addition, AC reduced the expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8, and -9 and the levels of phosphor-protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphor-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the liver samples. Collectively, AC-mediated hepatoprotective effects in a mouse model of acute alcohol-induced liver injury are the result of reduction in oxidative stress. This may be associated with Akt/NF-κB signaling. These results provide valuable evidence to support the use of A. cinnamomea as a functional food and/or medicine.
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71
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Chen C, Liu XP, Jiang W, Zeng B, Meng W, Huang LP, Li YP, Sun W, Yuan CH, Yao LH. Anti-effects of cordycepin to hypoxia-induced membrane depolarization on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 796:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Cao Z, Dou C, Li J, Tang X, Xiang J, Zhao C, Zhu L, Bai Y, Xiang Q, Dong S. Cordycepin inhibits chondrocyte hypertrophy of mesenchymal stem cells through PI3K/Bapx1 and Notch signaling pathway. BMB Rep 2017; 49:548-553. [PMID: 27439604 PMCID: PMC5227296 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in cartilage tissue engineering to repair articular cartilage defects. However, hypertrophy of chondrocytes derived from MSCs might hinder the stabilization of hyaline cartilage. Thus, it is very important to find a suitable way to maintain the chondrogenic phenotype of chondrocytes. It has been reported that cordycepin has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor functions. However, the role of cordycepin in chondrocyte hypertrophy remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of cordycepin on chondrogenesis and chondrocyte hypertrophy in MSCs and ATDC5 cells. Cordycepin upregulated chondrogenic markers including Sox9 and collagen type II while down-regulated hypertrophic markers including Runx2 and collagen type X. Further exploration showed that cordycepin promoted chondrogenesis through inhibiting Nrf2 while activating BMP signaling. Besides, cordycepin suppressed chondrocyte hypertrophy through PI3K/Bapx1 pathway and Notch signaling. Our results indicated cordycepin had the potential to maintain chondrocyte phenotype and reconstruct engineered cartilage. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(10): 548-553]
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University and National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ce Dou
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiangyu Tang
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junyu Xiang
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chunrong Zhao
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lingyu Zhu
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yun Bai
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qiang Xiang
- Department of Emergency, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Zhang J, An S, Hu W, Teng M, Wang X, Qu Y, Liu Y, Yuan Y, Wang D. The Neuroprotective Properties of Hericium erinaceus in Glutamate-Damaged Differentiated PC12 Cells and an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1810. [PMID: 27809277 PMCID: PMC5133811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus, an edible and medicinal mushroom, displays various pharmacological activities in the prevention of dementia in conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. The present study explored the neuroprotective effects of H. erinaceus mycelium polysaccharide-enriched aqueous extract (HE) on an l-glutamic acid (l-Glu)-induced differentiated PC12 (DPC12) cellular apoptosis model and an AlCl₃ combined with d-galactose-induced Alzheimer's disease mouse model. The data revealed that HE successfully induced PC12 cell differentiation. A 3 h HE incubation at doses of 50 and 100 µg/mL before 25 mM of l-Glu effectively reversed the reduction of cell viability and the enhancement of the nuclear apoptosis rate in DPC12 cells. Compared with l-Glu-damaged cells, in PC12 cells, HE suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, blocked Ca2+ overload and prevented mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depolarization. In the Alzheimer's disease mouse model, HE administration enhanced the horizontal and vertical movements in the autonomic activity test, improved the endurance time in the rotarod test, and decreased the escape latency time in the water maze test. It also improved the central cholinergic system function in the Alzheimer's mice, demonstrated by the fact that it dose-dependently enhanced the acetylcholine (Ach) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) concentrations in both the serum and the hypothalamus. Our findings provide experimental evidence that HE may provide neuroprotective candidates for treating or preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Shengshu An
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Wenji Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Meiyu Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yidi Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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74
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Cordycepin attenuates traumatic brain injury-induced impairments of blood-brain barrier integrity in rats. Brain Res Bull 2016; 127:171-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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75
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Teng YN, Chang CS, Lee TE, Hung CC. Cordycepin re-sensitizes multidrug resistance cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents through modulating P-glycoprotein expression and ATPase function. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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76
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Antidiabetic and Antinephritic Activities of Aqueous Extract of Cordyceps militaris Fruit Body in Diet-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Sprague Dawley Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9685257. [PMID: 27274781 PMCID: PMC4870376 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9685257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris has long been used as a crude drug and folk tonic food in East Asia. The present study aims to evaluate the antidiabetic and antinephritic effects of the aqueous extract of the Cordyceps militaris fruit body (CM) in diet-streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. During four weeks of continuous oral administration of CM at doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg and metformin at 100 mg/kg, the fasting blood glucose and bodyweight of each rat were monitored. Hypoglycemic effects of CM on diabetic rats were indicated by decreases in plasma glucose, food and water intake, and urine output. The hypolipidemic activity of CM was confirmed by the normalization of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic rats. Inhibitory effects on albuminuria, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase verified CM's renal protective activity in diabetic rats. Furthermore, CM exerted beneficial modulation of inflammatory factors and oxidative enzymes. Compared with untreated diabetic rats, CM decreased the expression of phosphor-AKT and phosphor-GSK-3β in the kidneys. Altogether, via attenuating oxidative stress, CM displayed antidiabetic and antinephritic activities in diet-STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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77
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Zong SY, Han H, Wang B, Li N, Dong TTX, Zhang T, Tsim KWK. Fast Simultaneous Determination of 13 Nucleosides and Nucleobases in Cordyceps sinensis by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Molecules 2015; 20:21816-25. [PMID: 26690105 PMCID: PMC6332315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A reliable ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS) method for the fast simultaneous determination of 13 nucleosides and nucleobases in Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) with 2-chloroadenosine as internal standard was developed and validated. Samples were ultrasonically extracted in an ice bath thrice, and the optimum analyte separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPLCTM HSS C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with gradient elution. All targeted analytes were separated in 5.5 min. Furthermore, all calibration curves showed good linear regression (r > 0.9970) within the test ranges, and the limits of quantitation and detection of the 13 analytes were less than 150 and 75 ng/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intra- and inter-day precisions were <6.23%. Recoveries of the quantified analytes ranged within 85.3%–117.3%, with RSD < 6.18%. The developed UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS method was successfully applied to determine nucleosides and nucleobases in 11 batches of C. sinensis samples from different regions in China. The range for the total content in the analyzed samples was 1329–2057 µg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Zong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Experimental Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Han Han
- Experimental Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Experimental Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ning Li
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Experimental Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China.
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