51
|
Watts E, Heidenreich D, Tucker E, Raab M, Strebhardt K, Chesler L, Knapp S, Bellenie B, Hoelder S. Designing Dual Inhibitors of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) and Bromodomain-4 (BRD4) by Tuning Kinase Selectivity. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2618-2637. [PMID: 30789735 PMCID: PMC6421522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Concomitant inhibition of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and bromodomain-4 (BRD4) is a potential therapeutic strategy for targeting two key oncogenic drivers that co-segregate in a significant fraction of high-risk neuroblastoma patients, mutation of ALK and amplification of MYCN. Starting from known dual polo-like kinase (PLK)-1-BRD4 inhibitor BI-2536, we employed structure-based design to redesign this series toward compounds with a dual ALK-BRD4 profile. These efforts led to compound ( R)-2-((2-ethoxy-4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)phenyl)amino)-7-ethyl-5-methyl-8-((4-methylthiophen-2-yl)methyl)-7,8-dihydropteridin-6(5 H)-one (16k) demonstrating improved ALK activity and significantly reduced PLK-1 activity, while maintaining BRD4 activity and overall kinome selectivity. We demonstrate the compounds' on-target engagement with ALK and BRD4 in cells as well as favorable broad kinase and bromodomain selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Watts
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - David Heidenreich
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang
Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse
9, D-60438 Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe-University
Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Tucker
- Paediatric
and Solid Tumour Biology and Therapeutics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Monika Raab
- Department
of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johann Wolfgang
Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern
Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Department
of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johann Wolfgang
Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern
Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Louis Chesler
- Paediatric
and Solid Tumour Biology and Therapeutics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang
Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse
9, D-60438 Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe-University
Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer
Network (DKTK), Site
Frankfurt/Mainz, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bellenie
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Swen Hoelder
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Moussa RS, Park KC, Kovacevic Z, Richardson DR. Ironing out the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 in cancer: Novel iron chelating agents to target p21 expression and activity. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 133:276-294. [PMID: 29572098 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) has become an important target for the development of anti-cancer therapeutics with a number of Fe chelators entering human clinical trials for advanced and resistant cancer. An important aspect of the activity of these compounds is their multiple molecular targets, including those that play roles in arresting the cell cycle, such as the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21. At present, the exact mechanism by which Fe chelators regulate p21 expression remains unclear. However, recent studies indicate the ability of chelators to up-regulate p21 at the mRNA level was dependent on the chelator and cell-type investigated. Analysis of the p21 promoter identified that the Sp1-3-binding site played a significant role in the activation of p21 transcription by Fe chelators. Furthermore, there was increased Sp1/ER-α and Sp1/c-Jun complex formation in melanoma cells, suggesting these complexes were involved in p21 promoter activation. Elucidating the mechanisms involved in the regulation of p21 expression in response to Fe chelator treatment in neoplastic cells will further clarify how these agents achieve their anti-tumor activity. It will also enhance our understanding of the complex roles p21 may play in neoplastic cells and lead to the development of more effective and specific anti-cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rayan S Moussa
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Kyung Chan Park
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Zaklina Kovacevic
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Lee MW, Kim DS, Kim HR, Park HJ, Lee JW, Sung KW, Koo HH, Yoo KH. Inhibition of N-myc expression sensitizes human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells expressing caspase-8 to TRAIL. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12577. [PMID: 30724400 PMCID: PMC6536445 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to explore the roles of N‐myc and caspase‐8 in TRAIL‐resistant IMR‐32 cells which exhibit MYCN oncogene amplification and lack caspase‐8 expression. Materials and methods We established N‐myc–downregulated IMR‐32 cells using shRNA lentiviral particles targeting N‐myc and examined the effect the N‐myc inhibition on TRAIL susceptibility in human neuroblastoma IMR‐32 cells expressing caspase‐8. Results Cisplatin treatment in IMR‐32 cells increased the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5; TRAIL‐R2), but not other receptors, via downregulation of NF‐κB activity. However, the cisplatin‐mediated increase in DR5 failed to induce cell death following TRAIL treatment. Furthermore, interferon (IFN)‐γ pretreatment increased caspase‐8 expression in IMR‐32 cells, but cisplatin failed to trigger TRAIL cytotoxicity. We downregulated N‐myc expression in IMR‐32 cells using N‐myc–targeting shRNA. These cells showed decreased growth rate and Bcl‐2 expression accompanied by a mild collapse in the mitochondrial membrane potential as compared with those treated with scrambled shRNA. TRAIL treatment in N‐myc–negative cells expressing caspase‐8 following IFN‐γ treatment significantly triggered apoptotic cell death. Concurrent treatment with cisplatin enhanced TRAIL‐mediated cytotoxicity, which was abrogated by an additional pretreatment with DR5:Fc chimera protein. Conclusions N‐myc and caspase‐8 expressions are involved in TRAIL susceptibility in IMR‐32 cells, and the combination of treatment with cisplatin and TRAIL may serve as a promising strategy for the development of therapeutics against neuroblastoma that is controlled by N‐myc and caspase‐8 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Woo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ryung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Woong Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Hoe Koo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keon Hee Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Zhou K, Li XL, Pan J, Xu JZ, Wang J. Analysis of the risk factor for the poor prognosis of localized neuroblastoma after the surgical. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12718. [PMID: 30290678 PMCID: PMC6200457 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a unique malignancy in infants often presenting with either localized or metastatic disease. The study was carried out to explore the risk stratification of the poor prognosis for patients underwent surgical treatment.60 patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma were primarily enrolled in the study from April 2008 to April 2016. All the patients underwent surgical treatment and received 5-year follow-up. Clinical variables, including age, International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stage, tumor size and site, histology, and MYCN status were retrospectively analyzed, and EFS was chosen as the endpoint.The median age of patients was 8.2 months and average follow-up period was 40.2 ± 8.6 months. Among 60 patients, complete remission was achieved in 35 patients and partial remission in 14 subjects. Poor prognosis including patient death and tumor progression were overserved in 11 patients. Cox multifactor regression analysis revealed that age, histology and MYCN status had significant prognostic effect on event-free survival (EFS) rate for neuroblastoma patients underwent surgical treatment.In our study, we identified a series of prognostic factors including age, histology, and MYCN status predicting the prognosis of neuroblastoma patients after surgical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiao-lu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Jian-zhong Xu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Gheisari S, Catchpoole DR, Charlton A, Melegh Z, Gradhand E, Kennedy PJ. Computer Aided Classification of Neuroblastoma Histological Images Using Scale Invariant Feature Transform with Feature Encoding. Diagnostics (Basel) 2018; 8:diagnostics8030056. [PMID: 30154334 PMCID: PMC6165255 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics8030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in early childhood. Optimal management of neuroblastoma depends on many factors, including histopathological classification. Although histopathology study is considered the gold standard for classification of neuroblastoma histological images, computers can help to extract many more features some of which may not be recognizable by human eyes. This paper, proposes a combination of Scale Invariant Feature Transform with feature encoding algorithm to extract highly discriminative features. Then, distinctive image features are classified by Support Vector Machine classifier into five clinically relevant classes. The advantage of our model is extracting features which are more robust to scale variation compared to the Patched Completed Local Binary Pattern and Completed Local Binary Pattern methods. We gathered a database of 1043 histologic images of neuroblastic tumours classified into five subtypes. Our approach identified features that outperformed the state-of-the-art on both our neuroblastoma dataset and a benchmark breast cancer dataset. Our method shows promise for classification of neuroblastoma histological images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Gheisari
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Daniel R Catchpoole
- The Tumour Bank, The Children's Cancer Research Unit, The Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
| | - Amanda Charlton
- Department of Histopathology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Zsombor Melegh
- Department of Pathology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Elise Gradhand
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Pathology Science Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Paul J Kennedy
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Assoun S, Benderra MA, Géraud A, Bayle A, Boilève A, Grazziotin-Soares D, Lotz JP. Congrès de l’association américaine de recherche contre le cancer — AACR 2018. ONCOLOGIE 2018. [DOI: 10.3166/onco-2018-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
57
|
Induction of morphological and functional differentiation of human neuroblastoma cells by miR-124. J Biosci 2018; 42:555-563. [PMID: 29229874 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-017-9714-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumour in children, and differentiation is considered its most appropriate therapy. In this work, we studied effects of miR-124 overexpression on differentiation in M17 cell line as a model of neuroblastoma cancer. Influence of miR-124 overexpression on differentiation in M17 cells was studied. M17 cells were infected with lentivirus that contained miR-124 precursor sequence and followed for 2 weeks to differentiate. Ectopic expression of miR-124 in M17 cells changed the shape of spherical undifferentiated cells to cells with extended neurites that formed neuronal networks. Overexpression of MiR-124 respectively increased the expression level of markers of β-Tubulin III, MAP2, SYN, NF-M and Nestin by 16-, 5-, 4-, 2.3- and 2-folds at the messenger RNA level. MiR-124 overexpression also increased the protein levels of β-Tubulin III and MAP2. Moreover, exogenous expression of miR-124 significantly increased the intracellular calcium in differentiated M17 cells. Since miR-124 is naturally expressed in neuronal cells and is downregulated in neuroblastoma cancer cells, differentiation with this type of microRNA can be a novel treatment for neuroblastoma cancer.
Collapse
|
58
|
Lim SH, Jeon SY, Jeon IS, Kang MH. Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation associated with neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e26983. [PMID: 29380520 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Hee Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Sang Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kang
- Department of Pathology, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Gheisari S, Catchpoole DR, Charlton A, Kennedy PJ. Convolutional Deep Belief Network with Feature Encoding for Classification of Neuroblastoma Histological Images. J Pathol Inform 2018; 9:17. [PMID: 29862127 PMCID: PMC5952548 DOI: 10.4103/jpi.jpi_73_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children younger than 5 years old. Optimal management of neuroblastic tumors depends on many factors including histopathological classification. The gold standard for classification of neuroblastoma histological images is visual microscopic assessment. In this study, we propose and evaluate a deep learning approach to classify high-resolution digital images of neuroblastoma histology into five different classes determined by the Shimada classification. Subjects and Methods: We apply a combination of convolutional deep belief network (CDBN) with feature encoding algorithm that automatically classifies digital images of neuroblastoma histology into five different classes. We design a three-layer CDBN to extract high-level features from neuroblastoma histological images and combine with a feature encoding model to extract features that are highly discriminative in the classification task. The extracted features are classified into five different classes using a support vector machine classifier. Data: We constructed a dataset of 1043 neuroblastoma histological images derived from Aperio scanner from 125 patients representing different classes of neuroblastoma tumors. Results: The weighted average F-measure of 86.01% was obtained from the selected high-level features, outperforming state-of-the-art methods. Conclusion: The proposed computer-aided classification system, which uses the combination of deep architecture and feature encoding to learn high-level features, is highly effective in the classification of neuroblastoma histological images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Gheisari
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel R Catchpoole
- The Tumour Bank, The Children's Cancer Research Unit, The Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001 Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda Charlton
- LabPLUS, Department of Histopathology, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland City Hospital, Grafton, Auckland
| | - Paul J Kennedy
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
A single center clinical analysis of children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30357-30368. [PMID: 28423674 PMCID: PMC5444748 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The current multidisciplinary treatment for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) is the common census. However, protocols and opinions are different in different regions and institutions. We aimed to assess the protocol formulated by Chinese Children's Cancer Group study in 2009, and the impact of surgery extent was highlightly evaluated. METHODS This study enrolled patients with high-risk neuroblastoma between 2009 and 2014 in Department of Pediatric Oncology of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. The clinical characteristics of patients were illustrated and surgery extent was evaluated by the impact on survival rate. RESULTS The 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 56.2% and 50.5%, respectively. LDH (P<0.001), bone marrow metastasis at time of diagnosis (P=0.001), bone marrow negative after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P<0.001), radiotherapy (P<0.001) were significant predictors of OS and PFS. And surgery extent had no impact on the enhancement of high-risk neuroblastoma patients in short time. CONCLUSIONS This study showed no substantial survival benefit in patients with high-risk NB undergoing gross total tumor resection. Multidisciplinary intensive treatment was essential, especially for patients received subtotal tumor resection. Longer term follow-up is needed to survey complications in surviving patients who received intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Collapse
|
61
|
Polo-like kinase 4 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in neuroblastoma via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:54. [PMID: 29352113 PMCID: PMC5833556 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common malignant tumor in infancy and most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment, the survival rate of patients with low-risk and intermediate-risk NB can reach up to 90%. In contrast, for high-risk NBs, the long-term survival rate is still <40% because of heterogeneity of this tumor. The pathogenesis of NB is still not explicit, therefore it is of great significance to explore the mechanism of NB tumorigenesis and discover new therapeutic targets for NB. Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), one of the polo-like kinase family members, is an important regulator of centriole replication. The aberrant expression of PLK4 was found in several cancers and a recent study has unraveled a novel function of PLK4 as a mediator of invasion and metastasis in Hela and U2OS cells. However, the function of PLK4 in NB development and progression remains to be elucidated. The study showed the expression level of PLK4 in NB tissues was remarkably upregulated and high expression of PLK4 was negatively correlated with clinical features and survival, which suggested that PLK4 could be a potential tumor-promoting factor of NB. Functional studies indicated downregulation of PLK4 suppressed migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis in NB cells. Further experiments showed that downregulation of PLK4 in NB cells inhibited EMT through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Animal experiments demonstrated that the downregulation of PLK4 in SK-N-BE(2) cells dramatically suppressed tumorigenesis and metastasis. PLK4 may be a promising therapeutic target for NB.
Collapse
|
62
|
Buller MC, Higbie CT, Tully TN, Crossland N, Wilson LD. Diagnostic Challenge. J Exot Pet Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
63
|
Sanli Y, Yilmaz E, Subramaniam RM. Precision Medicine and PET-Computed Tomography in Pediatric Malignancies. PET Clin 2017; 12:423-435. [PMID: 28867113 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET-computed tomography (CT) plays a significant role in diagnosis, staging, therapy selection, and therapy assessment of multiple pediatric malignancies and facilitating precision medicine delivery in pediatric patients. In patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, interim fludeoxyglucose 18F-FDG PET/CT is highly sensitive and specific for predicting survival and multiple trials with FDG PET/CT-based adaptive therapies are currently ongoing. It is superior to iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) scintigraphy and bone scintigraphy for detecting metastases in neuroblastoma patients and sarcoma patients. It may predict histologic differentiation and neoadjuvant therapy assessment in Wilms tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Sanli
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty of Istanbul, Istanbul University, Sehremini, Istanbul 34370, Turkey; Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8896, USA.
| | - Ebru Yilmaz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty of Istanbul, Istanbul University, Sehremini, Istanbul 34370, Turkey
| | - Rathan M Subramaniam
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8896, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8896, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8896, USA; Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8896, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8896, USA
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
The Eya phosphatase: Its unique role in cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 96:165-170. [PMID: 28887153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Eya proteins were originally identified as essential transcriptional co-activators of the Six family of homeoproteins. Subsequently, the highly conserved C-terminal domains of the Eya proteins were discovered to act as a Mg2+-dependent Tyr phosphatases, making Eyas the first transcriptional activators to harbor intrinsic phosphatase activity. Only two direct targets of the Eya Tyr phosphatase have been identified: H2AX, whose dephosphorylation directs cells to the DNA repair instead of the apoptotic pathway upon DNA damage, and ERβ, whose dephosphorylation inhibits its anti-tumor transcriptional activity. The Eya Tyr phosphatase mediates breast cancer cell transformation, migration, invasion, as well as metastasis, through targets not yet identified. Intriguingly, the N-terminal domain of Eya contains a separate Ser/Thr phosphatase activity implicated in innate immunity and in regulating c-Myc stability. Thus, Eya proteins are highly complex, containing two separable phosphatase domains and a transcriptional activation domain, thereby influencing tumor progression through multiple mechanisms.
Collapse
|
65
|
Fonseca MB, Gomes FHR, Valera ET, Pileggi GS, Gonfiantini PB, Gonfiantini MB, Ferriani VPL, Carvalho LMD. Signs and symptoms of rheumatic diseases as first manifestation of pediatric cancer: diagnosis and prognosis implications. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2017; 57:330-337. [PMID: 28743360 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and describe the clinical, laboratory and radiological findings, treatment and outcome of children with cancer initially referred to a tertiary outpatient pediatric rheumatology clinic. METHODS Retrospective analysis of medical records from patients identified in a list of 250 new patients attending the tertiary Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Ribeirão Preto Medical School hospital, University of São Paulo, from July 2013 to July 2015, whose final diagnosis was cancer. RESULTS Of 250 patients seen during the study period, 5 (2%) had a cancer diagnosis. Among them, 80% had constitutional symptoms, especially weight loss and asthenia, and 60% had arthritis. Initially, all patients had at least one alteration in their blood count, lactate dehydrogenase was increased in 80% and a bone marrow smear was conclusive in 60% of patients. Bone and intestine biopsies were necessary for the diagnosis in 2 patients. JIA was the most common initial diagnosis. The definitive diagnosis was acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2 patients), M3 acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, and neuroblastoma (one case each). Of 5 patients studied, 3 (60%) are in remission and 2 (40%) died, one of them with prior use of steroids. CONCLUSION The constitutional and musculoskeletal symptoms common to rheumatic and neoplastic diseases can delay the diagnosis and consequently worsen the prognosis of neoplasms. Initial blood count and bone marrow smear may be normal in the initial framework of neoplasms. Thus, the clinical follow-up of these cases becomes imperative and the treatment, mainly with corticosteroids, should be delayed until diagnostic definition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bertoldi Fonseca
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Hospital das Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Hugo Rodrigues Gomes
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Hospital das Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Hospital das Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gecilmara Salviato Pileggi
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Hospital das Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Braga Gonfiantini
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela Braga Gonfiantini
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Martins de Carvalho
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Hospital das Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Coughlan D, Gianferante M, Lynch CF, Stevens JL, Harlan LC. Treatment and survival of childhood neuroblastoma: Evidence from a population-based study in the United States. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2017; 34:320-330. [PMID: 29039999 PMCID: PMC6764456 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2017.1373315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood neuroblastoma describes a heterogeneous group of extracranial solid tumors, that are treated per risk profile. We sought to describe treatment patterns and survival using population-based data from throughout the United States. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the National Cancer Institute (NCI)'s Patterns of Care data, we analyzed treatment provided to newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed neuroblastoma patients in 2010 and 2011, registered to one of 14 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registries. Data were re-abstracted from hospital records and treating physicians contacted for verification. Application of the Children's Oncology Group (COG)'s 3-level (low, intermediate and high) neuroblastoma risk classification system for therapeutic decision-making provided insight to community-based treatment patterns. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, based on 5-years of follow-up, were also performed. RESULTS 76% of the 250 patients were enrolled on an open/active clinical trial. All low-risk patients received surgery. Most intermediate-risk patients (81%) received a chemotherapy regimen that included carboplatin, etoposide, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin. High-risk patients received extensive, multimodal treatment consisting of chemotherapy, surgery, myeloablative chemotherapy with stem cell rescue (transplant), radiation, immunotherapy (dinutuximab), and isotretinoin therapy. 21% patients had died at the end of the maximum 60-month follow-up period. The 5-year estimated survival rates were lower for patients diagnosed with stage 4 disease, unfavorable DNA ploidy, MYCN gene amplification or classified as high-risk. CONCLUSION Most neuroblastoma patients are registered on a risk-based open/active clinical trial. Variation in modality, systemic agents and sequence of treatment reflects the heterogeneity of therapy received by these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dairmuid Coughlan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Matthew Gianferante
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Charles F Lynch
- University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - Linda C Harlan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Fallacara AL, Mancini A, Zamperini C, Dreassi E, Marianelli S, Chiariello M, Pozzi G, Santoro F, Botta M, Schenone S. Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines-loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization and cytotoxicity evaluation against neuroblastoma cell line. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3196-3200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
68
|
Sinais e sintomas sugestivos de doenças reumáticas como primeira manifestação de doenças neoplásicas na infância: implicações no diagnóstico e prognóstico. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
|
69
|
Cook RW, Abraham LA, McCowan CI. Disseminated peripheral neuroblastoma in a Rhodesian Ridgeback dog. Aust Vet J 2017; 95:129-133. [PMID: 28346666 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CASE REPORT A 4-year-old neutered male Rhodesian Ridgeback dog with right-sided Horner's syndrome, bilateral laryngeal paralysis, neck pain and bilateral hindlimb ataxia was euthanased following deterioration of its neurological status. Necropsy examination revealed an off-white retropharyngeal neoplastic mass (100 × 30 × 30 mm) attached to the base of the skull on the right side and macroscopic nodular metastases in the spleen and three vertebral bodies (C6, C7 and T6), including a nodule attached to the dura at C7. Histological evidence of neuroblastic tumour was detected in these macroscopic lesions, a regional lymph node, bone marrow of a femur and all 15 vertebral bodies (C1-T8) examined, including the three with macroscopic metastases, and in the lumens of small blood vessels in the lungs and liver. Ganglion cell differentiation was detected only in the primary retropharyngeal mass, one splenic nodule and the C7 dural nodule. Neoplastic cells were immunoreactive to neurofilament protein (ganglion cells only), vimentin and synaptophysin, and were negative for S100 protein, GFAP, CD3 and Pax5. CONCLUSION The diagnosis was disseminated peripheral neuroblastoma, differentiating subtype (International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification), with likely primary involvement of the right cranial cervical ganglion. This appears to be the first report of neuroblastoma in a dog with widespread occult haematogenous metastasis to bone marrow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R W Cook
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - L A Abraham
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - C I McCowan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Scollon S, Anglin AK, Thomas M, Turner JT, Wolfe Schneider K. A Comprehensive Review of Pediatric Tumors and Associated Cancer Predisposition Syndromes. J Genet Couns 2017; 26:387-434. [PMID: 28357779 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-017-0077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of the role of inherited cancer predisposition syndromes in pediatric tumor diagnoses continues to develop as more information is learned through the application of genomic technology. Identifying patients and their relatives at an increased risk for developing cancer is an important step in the care of this patient population. The purpose of this review is to highlight various tumor types that arise in the pediatric population and the cancer predisposition syndromes associated with those tumors. The review serves as a guide for recognizing genes and conditions to consider when a pediatric cancer referral presents to the genetics clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Scollon
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates St, FC 1200, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | | | | | - Joyce T Turner
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kami Wolfe Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Belounis A, Nyalendo C, Le Gall R, Imbriglio TV, Mahma M, Teira P, Beaunoyer M, Cournoyer S, Haddad E, Vassal G, Sartelet H. Autophagy is associated with chemoresistance in neuroblastoma. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:891. [PMID: 27846885 PMCID: PMC5109645 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2906-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is a frequent pediatric tumor characterized by a poor prognosis where a majority of tumors progress despite intensive multimodality treatments. Autophagy, a self-degradative process in cells, could be induced by chemotherapy and be associated with chemoresistance. The aim of this study was to determine whether: 1) autophagy is present in NB, 2) chemotherapy modified its levels, and 3) its inhibition decreased chemoresistance. Methods Immunohistochemical stainings were performed on samples from 184 NB patients in order to verify the expression of LC3B, a specific marker for autophagy, and Beclin 1, a positive regulator of autophagy. In addition, we performed an in vitro study with six NB cell lines and six drugs (vincristine, doxorubicin, cisplatin temozolomide, LY294002 and syrolimus). Inhibition of autophagy was performed using ATG5 knockdown cells or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Cell survival was measured using the MTT cell proliferation assay. Autophagy was detected by monodansylcadaverine, confocal microscopy and Western blot. In vivo study with tumor xenografts in NSG mice was performed. Results Our results have indicated that autophagy was present at low levels in NB and was not a prognostic factor, while Beclin 1 was highly expressed in children with poor NB prognosis. However, autophagy levels increased after chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Tumor progression was significantly decreased in mice treated with a combination of HCQ and vincristine. Conclusions Taken together, autophagy is present in NB, induced by chemotherapy and associated with chemoresistance, which is significantly reduced by its inhibition. Therefore, targeting autophagy represents a very attractive approach to develop new therapeutic strategies in NB. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2906-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Assila Belounis
- Research centre of the Sainte Justine university hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of pathology and cellular biology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carine Nyalendo
- Department of biochemistry, CHU Sainte Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Roxane Le Gall
- Research centre of the Sainte Justine university hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tina V Imbriglio
- Research centre of the Sainte Justine university hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohamed Mahma
- Research centre of the Sainte Justine university hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Teira
- Division of paediatric oncology, CHU Sainte Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mona Beaunoyer
- Department of surgery, CHU Sainte Justine, 3175, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia Cournoyer
- Research centre of the Sainte Justine university hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elie Haddad
- Research centre of the Sainte Justine university hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Vassal
- Department of paediatric oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Hervé Sartelet
- Research centre of the Sainte Justine university hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of pathology and cellular biology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of pathology and cytogenetic, CHU Sainte Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Wierdl M, Tsurkan L, Hatfield MJ, Potter PM. Tumour-selective targeting of drug metabolizing enzymes to treat metastatic cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:2811-8. [PMID: 27423046 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxylesterases (CEs) are ubiquitous enzymes responsible for the detoxification of ester-containing xenobiotics. This hydrolysis reaction results in the formation of the corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol. Due to their highly plastic active site, CEs can hydrolyze structurally very distinct and complex molecules. Because ester groups significantly increase the water solubility of compounds, they are frequently used in the pharmaceutical industry to make relatively insoluble compounds more bioavailable. By default, this results in CEs playing a major role in the distribution and metabolism of these esterified drugs. However, this can be exploited to selectively improve compound hydrolysis, and using specific in vivo targeting techniques can be employed to generate enhanced drug activity. Here, we seek to detail the human CEs involved in esterified molecule hydrolysis, compare and contrast these with CEs present in small mammals and describe novel methods to improve drug therapy by specific delivery of CEs to cells in vivo. Finally, we will discuss the development of such approaches for their potential application towards malignant disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Wierdl
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lyudmila Tsurkan
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - M Jason Hatfield
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Philip M Potter
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Boloix A, París-Coderch L, Soriano A, Roma J, Gallego S, Sánchez de Toledo J, Segura MF. Novel micro RNA-based therapies for the treatment of neuroblastoma. An Pediatr (Barc) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2015.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
74
|
Anticancer Activity of γ-Bisabolene in Human Neuroblastoma Cells via Induction of p53-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050601. [PMID: 27164076 PMCID: PMC6272833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Bisabolene has demonstrated antiproliferative activities against several human cancer cell lines. This study first discloses the antiproliferative and apoptosis induction activities of γ-bisabolene to human neuroblastoma TE671 cells. A CC50 value of γ-bisabolene was 8.2 μM to TE671 cells. Cell cycle analysis with PI staining showed γ-bisabolene elevating the sub-G1 fractions in a time-dependent manner. In addition, annexin V-FITC/PI staining showed γ-bisabolene significantly triggering early (annexin-V positive/PI negative) and late (annexin-V positive/PI positive) apoptosis in dose-dependent manners. γ-Bisabolene induced caspase 3/8/9 activation, intracellular ROS increase, and mitochondrial membrane potential decrease in apoptosis of human neuro-blastoma cells. Moreover, γ-bisabolene increased p53 phosphorylation and up-regulated p53-mediated apoptotic genes Bim and PUMA, as well as decreased the mRNA and protein levels of CK2α. Notably, the results indicated the involvement of CK2α-p53 pathways in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of human neuroblastoma cells treated with γ-bisabolene. This study elucidated the apoptosis induction pathways of γ-bisabolene-treated neuroblastoma cells, in which could be useful for developing anti-neuroblastoma drugs.
Collapse
|
75
|
Honokiol, an Active Compound of Magnolia Plant, Inhibits Growth, and Progression of Cancers of Different Organs. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 928:245-265. [PMID: 27671820 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Honokiol (C18H18O2) is a biphenolic natural product isolated from the bark and leaves of Magnolia plant spp. During the last decade or more, honokiol has been extensively studied for its beneficial effect against several diseases. Investigations have demonstrated that honokiol possesses anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-angiogenic as well as inhibitory effect on malignant transformation of papillomas to carcinomas in vitro and in vivo animal models without any appreciable toxicity. Honokiol affects multiple signaling pathways, molecular and cellular targets including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), STAT3, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cell survival signaling, cell cycle, cyclooxygenase and other inflammatory mediators, etc. Its chemopreventive and/or therapeutic effects have been tested against chronic diseases, such as cancers of different organs. In this chapter, we describe and discuss briefly the effect of honokiol against cancers of different organs, such as melanoma, non-melanoma, lung, prostate, breast, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, urinary bladder cancer, gastric cancer, and neuroblastoma, etc. and describe its mechanism of action including various molecular and cellular targets. Although more rigorous in vivo studies are still needed, however it is expected that therapeutic effects and activities of honokiol may help in the development and designing of clinical trials against chronic diseases in human subjects.
Collapse
|
76
|
Mitchell D, Bergendahl G, Ferguson W, Roberts W, Higgins T, Ashikaga T, DeSarno M, Kaplan J, Kraveka J, Eslin D, Werff AV, Hanna GK, Sholler GLS. A Phase 1 Trial of TPI 287 as a Single Agent and in Combination With Temozolomide in Patients with Refractory or Recurrent Neuroblastoma or Medulloblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016; 63:39-46. [PMID: 26235333 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary aim of this Phase I study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of TPI 287 and the safety and tolerability of TPI 287 alone and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in pediatric patients with refractory or recurrent neuroblastoma or medulloblastoma. The secondary aims were to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of TPI 287 and the treatment responses. PROCEDURE Eighteen patients were enrolled to a phase I dose escalation trial of weekly intravenous infusion of TPI 287 for two 28-day cycles with toxicity monitoring to determine the MTD, followed by two cycles of TPI 287 in combination with TMZ. Samples were collected to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters C(max), AUC(0-24), t(1/2), CL, and Vd on day 1 of cycles 1 (TPI 287 alone) and 3 (TPI 287 + TMZ) following TPI 287 infusion. Treatment response was evaluated by radiographic (CT or MRI) and radionuclide (MIBG) imaging for neuroblastoma. RESULTS We determined the MTD of TPI 287 alone and in combination with temozolomide to be 125 mg/m(2). The non-dose-limiting toxicities at this dose were mainly anorexia and pain. The dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of two patients at 135 mg/m(2) were grade 3 hemorrhagic cystitis and grade 3 sensory neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS Overall, TPI 287 was well tolerated by pediatric patients with refractory and relapsed neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma at a dose of 125 mg/m(2) IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28 day cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Mitchell
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan.,Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | | | - William Ferguson
- Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - William Roberts
- Rady Children's Hospital, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Timothy Higgins
- Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Takamaru Ashikaga
- Medical Biostatistics and Biometry Facility, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Mike DeSarno
- Medical Biostatistics and Biometry Facility, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Joel Kaplan
- Levine Children's Hospital, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Don Eslin
- Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, Florida
| | | | - Gina K Hanna
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giselle L Saulnier Sholler
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan.,Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Dolman MEM, van der Ploeg I, Koster J, Bate-Eya LT, Versteeg R, Caron HN, Molenaar JJ. DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase As Molecular Target for Radiosensitization of Neuroblastoma Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145744. [PMID: 26716839 PMCID: PMC4696738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells might resist therapy with ionizing radiation (IR) by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) of IR-induced double-strand breaks. One of the key players in NHEJ is DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). The catalytic subunit of DNA-PK, i.e. DNA-PKcs, can be inhibited with the small-molecule inhibitor NU7026. In the current study, the in vitro potential of NU7026 to radiosensitize neuroblastoma cells was investigated. DNA-PKcs is encoded by the PRKDC (protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic polypeptide) gene. We showed that PRKDC levels were enhanced in neuroblastoma patients and correlated with a more advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis, making DNA-PKcs an interesting target for radiosensitization of neuroblastoma tumors. Optimal dose finding for combination treatment with NU7026 and IR was performed using NGP cells. One hour pre-treatment with 10 μM NU7026 synergistically sensitized NGP cells to 0.63 Gy IR. Radiosensitizing effects of NU7026 increased in time, with maximum effects observed from 96 h after IR-exposure on. Combined treatment of NGP cells with 10 μM NU7026 and 0.63 Gy IR resulted in apoptosis, while no apoptotic response was observed for either of the therapies alone. Inhibition of IR-induced DNA-PK activation by NU7026 confirmed the capability of NGP cells to, at least partially, resist IR by NHEJ. NU7026 also synergistically radiosensitized other neuroblastoma cell lines, while no synergistic effect was observed for low DNA-PKcs-expressing non-cancerous fibroblasts. Results obtained for NU7026 were confirmed by PRKDC knockdown in NGP cells. Taken together, the current study shows that DNA-PKcs is a promising target for neuroblastoma radiosensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Emmy M. Dolman
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Ida van der Ploeg
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laurel Tabe Bate-Eya
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rogier Versteeg
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Huib N. Caron
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emma Kinderziekenhuis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan J. Molenaar
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Perhexiline maleate enhances antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in neuroblastoma by inducing over-expression of NDM29 ncRNA. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18144. [PMID: 26674674 PMCID: PMC4682181 DOI: 10.1038/srep18144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High Risk Neuroblastoma (HR-NB) is a pediatric cancer characterized by high malignancy and remarkable cell heterogeneity within the tumour nodules. In a recent study, we demonstrated that in vitro and in vivo over-expression of the non-coding RNA NDM29 (neuroblastoma differentiation marker 29) induces NB cell differentiation, dramatically reducing their malignancy. Among gene expression changes, differentiated phenotype induced by NDM29 is characterized by decrease of the expression of ABC transporters responsible for anticancer drug resistance. Thus, the pharmacological induction of NDM29, in principle, might represent a possible novel strategy to increase cytotoxic drug responses. In this work, we identify a small molecule able to induce the expression of NDM29 in NB cells, conferring to malignant cells increased susceptibility to cisplatin cytotoxic effects. We demonstrate that the pharmacological induction of NDM29 expression in vivo enhances the antitumoral effects of chemotherapy specifically on tumour initiating/cancer stem cells sub-population, usually refractory to therapies and responsible for tumour relapse. In summary, we suggest a novel therapeutical approach possibly useful to treat very aggressive NB cases with poor prognosis. This novel pharmacological strategy aims to promote differentiation of “stem-like” cells to render them more susceptible to the killing action of cytotoxic anticancer drugs.
Collapse
|
79
|
Neuroblastomas vary widely in their sensitivities to herpes simplex virotherapy unrelated to virus receptors and susceptibility. Gene Ther 2015; 23:135-43. [PMID: 26583803 PMCID: PMC4742391 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2015.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although most high-risk neuroblastomas are responsive to chemotherapy, relapse is common and long-term survival is less than 40%, underscoring the need for more effective treatments. We evaluated the responsiveness of 12 neuroblastoma cell lines to the Δγ134.5 attenuated oncolytic HSV, Seprehvir (HSV1716), which is currently used in pediatric phase I trials. We found that entry of Seprehvir in neuroblastoma cells is independent of the expression of nectin-1 and the sum of all four known major HSV entry receptors. We observed varying levels of sensitivity and permissivity to Seprehvir, suggesting that the cellular anti-viral response, not virus entry, is the key determinant of efficacy with this virus. In vivo, we found significant anti-tumor efficacy following Seprehvir treatment, which ranged from 6/10 complete responses in the CHP-134 model to a mild prolonged median survival in the SK-N-AS model. Taken together, these data suggest that anti-tumor efficacy cannot be solely predicted based on in vitro response. Whether or not this discordance holds true for other viruses or tumor types is unknown. Our results also suggest that profiling the expression of known viral entry receptors on neuroblastoma cells may not be entirely predictive of their susceptibility to Seprehvir therapy.
Collapse
|
80
|
Zhang D, Jia J, Zhao G, Yue M, Yang H, Wang J. NDRG1 promotes the multidrug resistance of neuroblastoma cells with upregulated expression of drug resistant proteins. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 76:46-51. [PMID: 26653549 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and recurrence are two major causes of poor prognosis in many tumors including neuroblastoma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the elevated intracellular NDRG1 expression on drug resistance of human neuroblastoma cells to chemotherapy, for exploring novel approaches for biotherapy of neuroblastoma. METHODS Human neuroblastoma KP-N-Ns cell lines were transfected with the lentivirus vector containing human NDRG1 cDNA, with empty vector-transfected or blank cells as controls. Transfection status was confirmed under fluorescence microscope, while PCR assay and western blot analysis were performed to determine the expression changes. MTT and TUNEL assays were used to detect the resistance of the cells to anticancer drugs, including vincristine, cyclophosphamide and so on. Additionally, the expression of drug resistant proteins was detected. RESULTS Stable lentiviral transfection cell line was successfully established with significantly upregulated NDRG1 expression. MTT assay revealed greater cell growth under NDRG1 overexpression with drugs stimulation, as compared to controls. TUNEL assay also showed less apoptosis of NDRG1 overexpressing cells than those of controls when exposed to these drugs, suggesting the increasing drug resistance through NDRG1 overexpression. Besides, the expression of MDR, LRP-1 and MRP-1 was also increased in NDRG1 overexpressing cells, implying NDRG1-mediated pathways in multidrug resistance of neuroblastoma. CONCLUSION NDRG1 could increase the resistance of neuroblastoma cells to chemotherapeutic drugs, with its positive regulation on drug resistant proteins. This study provided new insights for exploring the mechanism of the resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and also novel approach for biotherapy in neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jia Jia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Ge Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Min Yue
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Heying Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiaxiang Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Honokiol induces autophagy of neuroblastoma cells through activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and endoplasmic reticular stress/ERK1/2 signaling pathways and suppressing cell migration. Cancer Lett 2015; 370:66-77. [PMID: 26454217 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In children, neuroblastomas are the most common and deadly solid tumor. Our previous study showed that honokiol, a small-molecule polyphenol, can traverse the blood-brain barrier and kill neuroblastoma cells. In this study, we further investigated the mechanisms of honokiol-induced insults to neuroblastoma cells. Treatment of neuroblastoma neuro-2a cells with honokiol elevated the levels of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II and induced cell autophagy in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Interestingly, pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an inhibitor of autophagy, led to the simultaneous attenuation of honokiol-induced cell autophagy and apoptosis but did not influence cell necrosis. As to the mechanisms, exposure of neuro-2a cells to honokiol time-dependently decreased the amount of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Sequentially, honokiol downregulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in neuro-2a cells. Furthermore, honokiol elevated the levels of glucose-regulated protein (GpR)78, an endoplasmic reticular stress (ERS)-associated protein, and amounts of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, reducing production of intracellular ROS using N-acetylcysteine, a scavenger of ROS, concurrently suppressed honokiol-induced cellular autophagy. Consequently, honokiol stimulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. However, pretreatment of neuro-2a cells with PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK1/2, lowered honokiol-induced autophagy. The effects of honokiol on inducing autophagy and apoptosis of neuroblastoma cells were further confirmed using mouse neuroblastoma NB41A3 cells as our experimental model. Fascinatingly, treatment of neuroblastoma neuro-2a and NB41A3 cells with honokiol for 12 h did not affect cell autophagy or apoptosis but caused significant suppression of cell migration. Taken together, this study showed that honokiol can induce autophagy of neuroblastoma cells and consequent apoptosis through activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERS/ROS/ERK1/2 signaling pathways and suppressing cell migration. Thus, honokiol has potential for treating neuroblastomas.
Collapse
|
82
|
Glass JJ, Phillips PA, Gunning PW, Stehn JR. Hypoxia alters the recruitment of tropomyosins into the actin stress fibres of neuroblastoma cells. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:712. [PMID: 26475688 PMCID: PMC4608101 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. The heterogeneous microenvironment of solid tumors contains hypoxic regions associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance. Hypoxia implicates the actin cytoskeleton through its essential roles in motility, invasion and proliferation. However, hypoxia-induced changes in the actin cytoskeleton have only recently been observed in human cells. Tropomyosins are key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton and we hypothesized that tropomyosins may mediate hypoxic phenotypes. Methods Neuroblastoma (SH-EP) cells were incubated ± hypoxia (1 % O2, 5 % CO2) for up to 144 h, before examining the cytoskeleton by confocal microscopy and Western blotting. Results Hypoxic cells were characterized by a more organized actin cytoskeleton and a reduced ability to degrade gelatin substrates. Hypoxia significantly increased mean actin filament bundle width (72 h) and actin filament length (72–96 h). This correlated with increased hypoxic expression and filamentous organization of stabilizing tropomyosins Tm1 and Tm2. However, isoform specific changes in tropomyosin expression were more evident at 96 h. Conclusions This study demonstrates hypoxia-induced changes in the recruitment of high molecular weight tropomyosins into the actin stress fibres of a human cancer. While hypoxia induced clear changes in actin organization compared with parallel normoxic cultures of neuroblastoma, the precise role of tropomyosins in this hypoxic actin reorganization remains to be determined. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1741-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Glass
- Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Room 229, Wallace Wurth Building, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,Current address: ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Phoebe A Phillips
- Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Peter W Gunning
- Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Room 229, Wallace Wurth Building, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Justine R Stehn
- Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Room 229, Wallace Wurth Building, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Bleeker G, Tytgat GAM, Adam JA, Caron HN, Kremer LCM, Hooft L, van Dalen EC. 123I-MIBG scintigraphy and 18F-FDG-PET imaging for diagnosing neuroblastoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 2015:CD009263. [PMID: 26417712 PMCID: PMC4621955 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009263.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma is an embryonic tumour of childhood that originates in the neural crest. It is the second most common extracranial malignant solid tumour of childhood.Neuroblastoma cells have the unique capacity to accumulate Iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine (¹²³I-MIBG), which can be used for imaging the tumour. Moreover, ¹²³I-MIBG scintigraphy is not only important for the diagnosis of neuroblastoma, but also for staging and localization of skeletal lesions. If these are present, MIBG follow-up scans are used to assess the patient's response to therapy. However, the sensitivity and specificity of ¹²³I-MIBG scintigraphy to detect neuroblastoma varies according to the literature.Prognosis, treatment and response to therapy of patients with neuroblastoma are currently based on extension scoring of ¹²³I-MIBG scans. Due to its clinical use and importance, it is necessary to determine the exact diagnostic accuracy of ¹²³I-MIBG scintigraphy. In case the tumour is not MIBG avid, fluorine-18-fluorodeoxy-glucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is often used and the diagnostic accuracy of this test should also be assessed. OBJECTIVES PRIMARY OBJECTIVES 1.1 To determine the diagnostic accuracy of ¹²³I-MIBG (single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), with or without computed tomography (CT)) scintigraphy for detecting a neuroblastoma and its metastases at first diagnosis or at recurrence in children from 0 to 18 years old.1.2 To determine the diagnostic accuracy of negative ¹²³I-MIBG scintigraphy in combination with (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging for detecting a neuroblastoma and its metastases at first diagnosis or at recurrence in children from 0 to 18 years old, i.e. an add-on test. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES 2.1 To determine the diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging for detecting a neuroblastoma and its metastases at first diagnosis or at recurrence in children from 0 to 18 years old.2.2 To compare the diagnostic accuracy of ¹²³I-MIBG (SPECT-CT) and (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging for detecting a neuroblastoma and its metastases at first diagnosis or at recurrence in children from 0 to 18 years old. This was performed within and between included studies. ¹²³I-MIBG (SPECT-CT) scintigraphy was the comparator test in this case. SEARCH METHODS We searched the databases of MEDLINE/PubMed (1945 to 11 September 2012) and EMBASE/Ovid (1980 to 11 September 2012) for potentially relevant articles. Also we checked the reference lists of relevant articles and review articles, scanned conference proceedings and searched for unpublished studies by contacting researchers involved in this area. SELECTION CRITERIA We included studies of a cross-sectional design or cases series of proven neuroblastoma, either retrospective or prospective, if they compared the results of ¹²³I-MIBG (SPECT-CT) scintigraphy or (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging, or both, with the reference standards or with each other. Studies had to be primary diagnostic and report on children aged between 0 to 18 years old with a neuroblastoma of any stage at first diagnosis or at recurrence. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS One review author performed the initial screening of identified references. Two review authors independently performed the study selection, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality.We used data from two-by-two tables, describing at least the number of patients with a true positive test and the number of patients with a false negative test, to calculate the sensitivity, and if possible, the specificity for each included study.If possible, we generated forest plots showing estimates of sensitivity and specificity together with 95% confidence intervals. MAIN RESULTS Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies reported data on patient level: the scan was positive or negative. One study reported on all single lesions (lesion level). The sensitivity of ¹²³I-MIBG (SPECT-CT) scintigraphy (objective 1.1), determined in 608 of 621 eligible patients included in the 11 studies, varied from 67% to 100%. One study, that reported on a lesion level, provided data to calculate the specificity: 68% in 115 lesions in 22 patients. The sensitivity of ¹²³I-MIBG scintigraphy for detecting metastases separately from the primary tumour in patients with all neuroblastoma stages ranged from 79% to 100% in three studies and the specificity ranged from 33% to 89% for two of these studies.One study reported on the diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging (add-on test) in patients with negative ¹²³I-MIBG scintigraphy (objective 1.2). Two of the 24 eligible patients with proven neuroblastoma had a negative ¹²³I-MIBG scan and a positive (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) scan.The sensitivity of (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging as a single diagnostic test (objective 2.1) and compared to ¹²³I-MIBG (SPECT-CT) (objective 2.2) was only reported in one study. The sensitivity of (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging was 100% versus 92% of ¹²³I-MIBG (SPECT-CT) scintigraphy. We could not calculate the specificity for both modalities. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The reported sensitivities of ¹²³-I MIBG scintigraphy for the detection of neuroblastoma and its metastases ranged from 67 to 100% in patients with histologically proven neuroblastoma.Only one study in this review reported on false positive findings. It is important to keep in mind that false positive findings can occur. For example, physiological uptake should be ruled out, by using SPECT-CT scans, although more research is needed before definitive conclusions can be made.As described both in the literature and in this review, in about 10% of the patients with histologically proven neuroblastoma the tumour does not accumulate ¹²³I-MIBG (false negative results). For these patients, it is advisable to perform an additional test for staging and assess response to therapy. Additional tests might for example be (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT), but to be certain of its clinical value, more evidence is needed.The diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging in case of a negative ¹²³I-MIBG scintigraphy could not be calculated, because only very limited data were available. Also the detection of the diagnostic accuracy of index test (18)F-FDG-PET(-CT) imaging for detecting a neuroblastoma tumour and its metastases, and to compare this to comparator test ¹²³I-MIBG (SPECT-CT) scintigraphy, could not be calculated because of the limited available data at time of this search.At the start of this project, we did not expect to find only very limited data on specificity. We now consider it would have been more appropriate to use the term "the sensitivity to assess the presence of neuroblastoma" instead of "diagnostic accuracy" for the objectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gitta Bleeker
- Northwest ClinicsRadiology and Nuclear MedicinePO box 501AlkmaarNetherlands1800 AM
| | - Godelieve AM Tytgat
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyHeidelberglaan 25UtrechtNetherlands3584 CS
| | - Judit A Adam
- Amsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamNuclear Medicine and RadiologyP.O. Box 22660AmsterdamNetherlands1100 DD
| | - Huib N Caron
- F. Hoffmann‐La Roche AGiPODD Pediatric Oncology team, Pharma Development OncologyBldg/Room 682/332BaselSwitzerland4070
| | - Leontien CM Kremer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyHeidelberglaan 25UtrechtNetherlands3584 CS
| | - Lotty Hooft
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityCochrane NetherlandsRoom Str. 6.127P.O. Box 85500UtrechtNetherlands3508 GA
| | - Elvira C van Dalen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyHeidelberglaan 25UtrechtNetherlands3584 CS
| | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
Bagci O, Kurtgöz S. Amplification of Cellular Oncogenes in Solid Tumors. NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2015; 7:341-6. [PMID: 26417556 PMCID: PMC4561439 DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.163641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The term gene amplification refers to an increase in copy number of a gene. Upregulation of gene expression through amplification is a general mechanism to increase gene dosage. Oncogene amplifications have been shown in solid human cancers and they are often associated with progression of cancer. Defining oncogene amplification is useful since it is used as a prognostic marker in clinical oncology nowadays, especially v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 (HER2) targeted agents are used in breast cancer patients with high level of HER2 overexpression as a therapeutic approach. However, patients without HER2 overexpression do not appear to benefit from these agents. We concluded that determination of oncogene amplification in solid tumors is an important factor in treatment of human cancers with many unknowns. We have referred to PubMed and some databases to prepare this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Bagci
- Department of Medical Genetics, Suleyman Demirel University, School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kurtgöz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Suleyman Demirel University, School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Boloix A, París-Coderch L, Soriano A, Roma J, Gallego S, Sánchez de Toledo J, Segura MF. [Novel micro RNA-based therapies for the treatment of neuroblastoma]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2015; 85:109.e1-109.e6. [PMID: 26323526 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid tumour in children and adolescents, and accounts for up to 15% of all cancer deaths in this group. It originates in the sympathetic nervous system, and its behaviour can be very aggressive and become resistant to current treatments. A review is presented, summarising the new alternative therapies based on epigenetics, i.e., modulators of gene expression, such as microRNAs and their potential application in the clinical practice of NB treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Boloix
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en el Cáncer de la infancia y adolescencia, Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Laia París-Coderch
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en el Cáncer de la infancia y adolescencia, Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Aroa Soriano
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en el Cáncer de la infancia y adolescencia, Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Josep Roma
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en el Cáncer de la infancia y adolescencia, Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Soledad Gallego
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en el Cáncer de la infancia y adolescencia, Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Oncología y Hematología Pediátricas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Josep Sánchez de Toledo
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en el Cáncer de la infancia y adolescencia, Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Oncología y Hematología Pediátricas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Miguel F Segura
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en el Cáncer de la infancia y adolescencia, Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España.
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Dondero A, Pastorino F, Della Chiesa M, Corrias MV, Morandi F, Pistoia V, Olive D, Bellora F, Locatelli F, Castellano A, Moretta L, Moretta A, Bottino C, Castriconi R. PD-L1 expression in metastatic neuroblastoma as an additional mechanism for limiting immune surveillance. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1064578. [PMID: 26942080 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1064578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) remains poor, although immunotherapies with anti-GD2 antibodies have been reported to provide some benefit. Immunotherapies can be associated with an IFNγ storm that induces in tumor cells the "adaptive immune resistance" characterized by the de-novo expression of Programmed Death Ligands (PD-Ls). Tumor cells can also constitutively express PD-Ls in response to oncogenic signaling. Here, we analyze the constitutive and the inducible surface expression of PD-Ls in NB cells. We show that virtually all HLA class Ipos NB cell lines constitutively express PD-L1, whereas PD-L2 is rarely detected. IFNγ upregulates or induces PD-L1 both in NB cell lines in vitro and in NB engrafted nude/nude mice. Importantly, after IFNγ stimulation PD-L1 can be acquired by NB cell lines, as well as by metastatic neuroblasts isolated from bone marrow aspirates of high-risk NB patients, characterized by different MYCN amplification status. Interestingly, in one patient NB cells were poorly responsive to IFNγ stimulation, pointing out that responsiveness to IFNγ might represent a further element of heterogeneity in metastatic neuroblasts. Finally, we document the presence of lymphocytes expressing the PD-1 receptor in NB-infiltrated bone marrow of patients. PD-1pos cells are mainly represented by αβ T cells, but also include small populations of γδ T cells and NK cells. Moreover, PD-1pos T cells have a higher expression of activation markers. Overall, our data show that a PD-L1-mediated immune resistance mechanism occurs in metastatic neuroblasts and provide a biological rationale for blocking the PD-1/PD-Ls axis in future combined immunotherapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Dondero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova , Italy
| | - Fabio Pastorino
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Laboratorio di Oncologia , Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabio Morandi
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Laboratorio di Oncologia , Genova, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Laboratorio di Oncologia , Genova, Italy
| | - Daniel Olive
- CRCM, Team Immunity and Cancer, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS , UM 105, U1068, UMR7258 , Marseille, France
| | - Francesca Bellora
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova , Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Università di Pavia and Dipartimento di Onco-Ematologia Pediatrica, Ospedale Bambino Gesù , Roma, Italy
| | - Aurora Castellano
- Università di Pavia and Dipartimento di Onco-Ematologia Pediatrica, Ospedale Bambino Gesù , Roma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Laboratorio di Oncologia , Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy; Centro di Eccellenza per le Ricerche Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, Genova, Italy
| | - Cristina Bottino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy; Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Laboratorio di Oncologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Castriconi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy; Centro di Eccellenza per le Ricerche Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Right adrenal gland neuroblastoma infiltrating the liver and mimicking mesenchymal hamartoma: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2015; 12:95-8. [PMID: 26036461 PMCID: PMC4486106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The right adrenal gland neuroblastoma and infiltrated the adjacent liver substance mimicking mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver. The Presentation of fever of unknown origin in a case of right adrenal gland neuroblastoma is rare. Neuroblastoma should be considered in differential diagnosis of abdominal mass in all infants and children.
Introduction Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid pediatric malignancy. The most common site is abdomen with predominance of suprarenal medulla. Infiltration of the tumour to the liver is rare. No cases were reported in the literature about the misdiagnosis of neuroblastoma as mesenchymal hamartoma in the liver. Presentation of case We represent a rare case of neuroblastoma misdiagnosed as mesenchymal hamartoma in liver in a six-month-old female infant presented with fever and abdominal mass. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed large cystic lesion occupying most of the right liver enchroaching upon right suprarenal region and displacing the right kidney inferior suggestive for mesenchymal hamartoma. Right adrenalectomy with en-bloc resection of the adjacent liver segments was done. Postoperative pathology revealed neuroblastoma with positive specific immunohistochemistry (IHC). Discussion Although neuroblastoma is the second most common pediatric abdominal malignancy with specific diagnostic modalities, a misdiagnosis of a case with neuroblastoma as mesenchymal hamartoma is rare. Histopathological diagnosis of neuroblastoma with positive IHC is essential as shown in our case. Conclusion We represent a rare case of neuroblastoma which arose from the right adrenal gland and infiltrated the adjacent liver substance mimicking mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver. Neuroblastoma is rarely presented with pyrexia of unknown origin. Neuroblastoma should be considered in differential diagnosis of abdominal mass in all infants and children.
Collapse
|
88
|
Wader JV, Kumbhar SS, Shukla DB, Mavi S. Disseminated Congenital Neuroblastoma - An Autopsy Case Report. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ED03-4. [PMID: 26155483 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/13163.5922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant tumour in the neonatal age group. The tumour is derived from neural crest cells of adrenal gland medulla or sympathetic ganglia. Disseminated congenital neuroblastoma is very rare. We hereby report a case of congenital neuroblastoma with multiple metastases diagnosed on autopsy in a fetus of 23 weeks gestational age. Autopsy revealed enlarged bilateral adrenals, large fusiform mass in the right humerus, mass in the lower lobe of left lung and posterior chest wall. Diagnosis of disseminated congenital neuroblastoma was given after histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. We are reporting this case for its rare presentation of disseminated form of congenital neuroblastoma sparing liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna V Wader
- Professor, Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University , Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujata S Kumbhar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University , Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhirajkumar B Shukla
- Assistant Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University , Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sonu Mavi
- Assistant Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University , Karad, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Huang YY, Tzen KY, Liu YL, Chiu CH, Tsai CL, Wen HP, Tang KH, Liu CC, Shiue CY. Impact of residual 18F-fluoride in 18F-FDOPA for the diagnosis of neuroblastoma. Ann Nucl Med 2015; 29:489-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s12149-015-0970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
90
|
Polysulfide promotes neuroblastoma cell differentiation by accelerating calcium influx. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 459:488-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
91
|
|
92
|
Saulnier Sholler GL, Bond JP, Bergendahl G, Dutta A, Dragon J, Neville K, Ferguson W, Roberts W, Eslin D, Kraveka J, Kaplan J, Mitchell D, Parikh N, Merchant M, Ashikaga T, Hanna G, Lescault PJ, Siniard A, Corneveaux J, Huentelman M, Trent J. Feasibility of implementing molecular-guided therapy for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma. Cancer Med 2015; 4:871-86. [PMID: 25720842 PMCID: PMC4472210 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a process which would utilize genome-wide expression data from tumor biopsies to support individualized treatment decisions. Current treatment options for recurrent neuroblastoma are limited and ineffective, with a survival rate of <10%. Molecular profiling may provide data which will enable the practitioner to select the most appropriate therapeutic option for individual patients, thus improving outcomes. Sixteen patients with neuroblastoma were enrolled of which fourteen were eligible for this study. Feasibility was defined as completion of tumor biopsy, pathological evaluation, RNA quality control, gene expression profiling, bioinformatics analysis, generation of a drug prediction report, molecular tumor board yielding a treatment plan, independent medical monitor review, and treatment initiation within a 21 day period. All eligible biopsies passed histopathology and RNA quality control. Expression profiling by microarray and RNA sequencing were mutually validated. The average time from biopsy to report generation was 5.9 days and from biopsy to initiation of treatment was 12.4 days. No serious adverse events were observed and all adverse events were expected. Clinical benefit was seen in 64% of patients as stabilization of disease for at least one cycle of therapy or partial response. The overall response rate was 7% and the progression free survival was 59 days. This study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of performing real-time genomic profiling to guide treatment decision making for pediatric neuroblastoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giselle L Saulnier Sholler
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan.,Michigan State University College of Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey P Bond
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | - Akshita Dutta
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Julie Dragon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | - William Ferguson
- Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - William Roberts
- UC San Diego School of Medicine and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California
| | - Don Eslin
- Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, Florida
| | | | - Joel Kaplan
- Levine Children's Hospital, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Nehal Parikh
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut
| | | | - Takamaru Ashikaga
- Medical Biostatistics, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Gina Hanna
- Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, Florida
| | - Pamela Jean Lescault
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, The Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
| | - Ashley Siniard
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Trent
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Interiano RB, Loh AHP, Hinkle N, Wahid FN, Malkan AD, Bahrami A, Jenkins JJ, Mao S, Wu J, Proctor K, Santana VM, Pappo AS, Gold RE, Davidoff AM. Safety and diagnostic accuracy of tumor biopsies in children with cancer. Cancer 2014; 121:1098-107. [PMID: 25524504 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor biopsies are central to the diagnosis and management of cancer and are critical to efforts in personalized medicine and targeted therapeutics. In the current study, the authors sought to evaluate the safety and accuracy of biopsies in children with cancer. METHODS All biopsies performed in children at the study institution with a suspected or established diagnosis of cancer from 2003 through 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Patient characteristics and disease-related and procedure-related factors were correlated with procedure-related complications and diagnostic accuracy using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 1073 biopsies were performed in 808 patients. Of 1025 biopsies with adequate follow-up, 79 (7.7%) were associated with an adverse event, 35 (3.4%) of which were minor (grade 1-2) and 32 (3.1%) of which were major (grade 3-4) (grading was performed according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [version 4.0]). The most common major adverse events were blood transfusion (>10 mL/kg; 24 cases) and infection requiring intravenous antibiotics (6 cases). Eleven deaths (1.4%) occurred within 30 days after the procedure, but the procedure may have contributed to the outcome in only 2 cases. A total of 926 biopsies (90.3%) provided definitive histologic diagnoses. Using multivariable analysis, biopsy site, preprocedure hematocrit level, and body mass index were found to be associated with the risk of postprocedural complications (P<.0001, P<.0001, and P =.0029, respectively). Excisional biopsy and biopsy site were found to be independently associated with obtaining a diagnostic result (P =.0002 and P =.0008, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Tumor biopsies in children with cancer are associated with a low incidence of complications and a high rate of diagnostic accuracy. The predictive factors identified for adverse outcomes may aid in risk assessment and preprocedural counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo B Interiano
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Lang S, Kansy B. Cervical lymph node diseases in children. GMS CURRENT TOPICS IN OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2014; 13:Doc08. [PMID: 25587368 PMCID: PMC4273169 DOI: 10.3205/cto000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The lymph nodes are an essential part of the body’s immune system and as such are affected in many infectious, autoimmune, metabolic and malignant diseases. The cervical lymph nodes are particularly important because they are the first drainage stations for key points of contact with the outside world (mouth/throat/nose/eyes/ears/respiratory system) – a critical aspect especially among children – and can represent an early clinical sign in their exposed position on a child’s slim neck. Involvement of the lymph nodes in multiple conditions is accompanied by a correspondingly large number of available diagnostic procedures. In the interests of time, patient wellbeing and cost, a careful choice of these must be made to permit appropriate treatment. The basis of diagnostic decisions is a detailed anamnesis and clinical examination. Sonography also plays an important role in differential diagnosis of lymph node swelling in children and is useful in answering one of the critical diagnostic questions: is there a suspicion of malignancy? If so, full dissection of the most conspicuous lymph node may be necessary to obtain histological confirmation. Diagnosis and treatment of childhood cervical lymph node disorders present the attending pediatric and ENT physicians with some particular challenges. The spectrum of differential diagnoses and the varying degrees of clinical relevance – from banal infections to malignant diseases – demand a clear and considered approach to the child’s individual clinical presentation. Such an approach is described in the following paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Lang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kansy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Exertier P, Javerzat S, Wang B, Franco M, Herbert J, Platonova N, Winandy M, Pujol N, Nivelles O, Ormenese S, Godard V, Becker J, Bicknell R, Pineau R, Wilting J, Bikfalvi A, Hagedorn M. Impaired angiogenesis and tumor development by inhibition of the mitotic kinesin Eg5. Oncotarget 2014; 4:2302-16. [PMID: 24327603 PMCID: PMC3926828 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin motor proteins exert essential cellular functions in all eukaryotes. They control mitosis, migration and intracellular transport through interaction with microtubules. Small molecule inhibitors of the mitotic kinesin KiF11/Eg5 are a promising new class of anti-neoplastic agents currently evaluated in clinical cancer trials for solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Here we report induction of Eg5 and four other mitotic kinesins including KIF20A/Mklp2 upon stimulation of in vivo angiogenesis with vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). Expression analyses indicate up-regulation of several kinesin-encoding genes predominantly in lymphoblasts and endothelial cells. Chemical blockade of Eg5 inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Mitosis-independent vascular outgrowth in aortic ring cultures is strongly impaired after Eg5 or Mklp2 protein inhibition. In vivo, interfering with KIF11/Eg5 function causes developmental and vascular defects in zebrafish and chick embryos and potent inhibition of tumor angiogenesis in experimental tumor models. Besides blocking tumor cell proliferation, impairing endothelial function is a novel mechanism of action of kinesin inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prisca Exertier
- University Bordeaux, LAMC, UMR 1029, F-33405 Talence, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
Wang J, Gu S, Huang J, Chen S, Zhang Z, Xu M. Inhibition of autophagy potentiates the efficacy of Gli inhibitor GANT-61 in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:768. [PMID: 25323222 PMCID: PMC4210511 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is often associated with neuroblastoma (NB), a childhood malignancy with varying clinical outcomes due to different molecular characteristics. Inhibition of Hh signaling with small molecule inhibitors, particularly with GANT-61, significantly suppresses NB growth. However, NB with MYCN amplification is less sensitive to GANT-61 than those without MYCN amplification. Methods Autophagic process was examined in two MYCN amplified and two MYCN non-amplified NB cells treated with GANT-61. Subsequently, chemical and genetic approaches were applied with GANT-61 together to evaluate the role of autophagy in GANT-61 induced cell death. Results Here we show that GANT-61 enhanced autophagy in MYCN amplified NB cells. Both an autophagic inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and genetic disruption of ATG5 or ATG7 expression suppressed GANT-61 induced autophagy and significantly increased apoptotic cell death, whereas pre-treatment with an apoptotic inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, rescued GANT-61 induced cell death and had no effect on the autophagic process. In the other hand, GANT-61 barely induced autophagy in MYCN non-amplified NB cells, but overexpression of MYCN in MYCN non-amplified NB cells recapitulated GANT-61 induced autophagy seen in MYCN amplified NB cells, suggesting that the level of GANT-61 induced autophagy in NB cells is related to MYCN expression level in cells. Conclusion Aberrant Hh signaling activation as an oncogenic driver in NB renders inhibition of Hh signaling an effective measure to suppress NB growth. However, our data suggest that enhanced autophagy concomitant with Hh signaling inhibition acts as a pro-survival factor to maintain cell viability, which reduces GANT-61 efficacy. Besides, MYCN amplification is likely involved in the induction of the pro-survival autophagy. Overall, simultaneous inhibition of both Hh signaling and autophagy could be a better way to treat MYCN amplified NB. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-768) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
97
|
Intermittent hypoxia effect on osteoclastogenesis stimulated by neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105555. [PMID: 25148040 PMCID: PMC4141796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial pediatric solid tumor. Intermittent hypoxia, which is characterized by cyclic periods of hypoxia and reoxygenation, has been shown to positively modulate tumor development and thereby induce tumor growth, angiogenic processes, and metastasis. Bone is one of the target organs of metastasis in advanced neuroblastoma Neuroblastoma cells produce osteoclast-activating factors that increase bone resorption by the osteoclasts. The present study focuses on how intermittent hypoxia preconditioned SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells modulate osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 cells compared with neuroblastoma cells grown at normoxic conditions. Methods We inhibited HIF-1α and HIF-2α in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by siRNA/shRNA approaches. Protein expression of HIF-1α, HIF-2α and MAPKs were investigated by western blotting. Expression of osteoclastogenic factors were determined by real-time RT-PCR. The influence of intermittent hypoxia and HIF-1α siRNA on migration of neuroblastoma cells and in vitro differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells were assessed. Intratibial injection was performed with SH-SY5Y stable luciferase-expressing cells and in vivo bioluminescence imaging was used in the analysis of tumor growth in bone. Results Upregulation of mRNAs of osteoclastogenic factors VEGF and RANKL was observed in intermittent hypoxia-exposed neuroblastoma cells. Conditioned medium from the intermittent hypoxia-exposed neuroblastoma cells was found to enhance osteoclastogenesis, up-regulate the mRNAs of osteoclast marker genes including TRAP, CaSR and cathepsin K and induce the activation of ERK, JNK, and p38 in RAW 264.7 cells. Intermittent hypoxia-exposed neuroblastoma cells showed an increased migratory pattern compared with the parental cells. A significant increase of tumor volume was found in animals that received the intermittent hypoxia-exposed cells intratibially compared with parental cells. Conclusions Intermittent hypoxic exposure enhanced capabilities of neuroblastoma cells in induction of osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells. Increased migration and intratibial tumor growth was observed in intermittent hypoxia-exposed neuroblastoma cells compared with parental cells.
Collapse
|
98
|
Shah N, Wang J, Selich-Anderson J, Graham G, Siddiqui H, Li X, Khan J, Toretsky J. PBX1 is a favorable prognostic biomarker as it modulates 13-cis retinoic acid-mediated differentiation in neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:4400-12. [PMID: 24947929 PMCID: PMC4134768 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuroblastoma is an embryonic childhood cancer with high mortality. 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cisRA) improves survival for some patients, but many recur, suggesting clinical resistance. The mechanism of resistance and the normal differentiation pathway are poorly understood. Three-amino-acid loop extension (TALE) family genes are master regulators of differentiation. Because retinoids promote differentiation in neuroblastoma, we evaluated TALE family gene expression in neuroblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We evaluated expression of TALE family genes in RA-sensitive and -resistant neuroblastoma cell lines, with and without 13-cisRA treatment, identifying genes whose expression correlates with retinoid sensitivity. We evaluated the roles of one gene, PBX1, in neuroblastoma cell lines, including proliferation and differentiation. We evaluated PBX1 expression in primary human neuroblastoma samples by qRT-PCR, and three independent clinical cohort microarray datasets. RESULTS We confirmed that induction of PBX1 expression, and no other TALE family genes, was associated with 13-cisRA responsiveness in neuroblastoma cell lines. Exogenous PBX1 expression in neuroblastoma cell lines, mimicking induced PBX1 expression, significantly impaired proliferation and anchorage-independent growth, and promoted RA-dependent and -independent differentiation. Reduced PBX1 protein levels produced an aggressive growth phenotype and RA resistance. PBX1 expression correlated with histologic neuroblastoma subtypes, with highest expression in benign ganglioneuromas and lowest in high-risk neuroblastomas. High PBX1 expression is prognostic of survival, including in multivariate analysis, in the three clinical cohorts. CONCLUSIONS PBX1 is an essential regulator of differentiation in neuroblastoma and potentiates retinoid-induced differentiation. Neuroblastoma cells and tumors with low PBX1 expression have an immature phenotype with poorer prognosis, independent of other risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Shah
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute of Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio;
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Oncogenomics Section, Advanced Technology Center, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Julia Selich-Anderson
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute of Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Garrett Graham
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; and
| | - Hasan Siddiqui
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute of Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Advanced Technology Center, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey Toretsky
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; and
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Li MH, Harel M, Hla T, Ferrer F. Induction of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 by sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in neuroblastoma. J Pediatr Surg 2014; 49:1286-91. [PMID: 25092091 PMCID: PMC4122984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. Preliminary data derived from a human angiogenesis array in NB showed that the bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) induced the secretion of several angiogenesis-related proteins including the important inflammatory factor chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of S1P-induced CCL2 expression in NB. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR and CCL2 ELISA were conducted to detect the mRNA expression and protein secretion of CCL2 in NB cells. Gain and loss of function studies were performed by using specific S1PR antagonists, adenoviral transduction and siRNA transfection. Macrophage F4/80 receptor in NB xenografts was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS S1P induced CCL2 mRNA expression and protein secretion in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in NB cells. Blockade of S1P2 signaling using the selective S1P2 antagonist JTE-013 inhibited S1P-induced CCL2 expression. Overexpression of S1P2 by adenoviral transduction increased CCL2 secretion while knockdown of S1P2 by siRNA transfection decreased S1P-induced CCL2 secretion in NB cells. Macrophage infiltration, as detected by F4/80 staining, was significantly decreased in JTE-013-treated NB xenografts. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data for the first time demonstrate that S1P induced the macrophage-recruiting factor CCL2 expression in NB cells via S1P2, providing new insights into the complicated functions of S1P2 in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hong Li
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030.
| | - Miriam Harel
- Department of Urology and Surgery, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106
| | - Timothy Hla
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Fernando Ferrer
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030; Department of Urology and Surgery, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Surgery combined with controlled-release doxorubicin silk films as a treatment strategy in an orthotopic neuroblastoma mouse model. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:708-15. [PMID: 24921912 PMCID: PMC4134491 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuroblastoma tumour resection goal is maximal tumour removal. We hypothesise that combining surgery with sustained, local doxorubicin application can control tumour growth. Methods: We injected human neuroblastoma cells into immunocompromised mouse adrenal gland. When KELLY cell-induced tumour volume was >300 mm3, 80–90% of tumour was resected and treated as follows: instantaneous-release silk film with 100 μg doxorubicin (100IR), controlled-release film with 200 μg (200CR) over residual tumour bed; and 100 and 200 μg intravenous doxorubicin (100IV and 200IV). Tumour volume was measured and histology analysed. Results: Orthotopic tumours formed with KELLY, SK-N-AS, IMR-32, SH-SY5Y cells. Tumours reached 1800±180 mm3 after 28 days, 2200±290 mm3 after 35 days, 1280±260 mm3 after 63 days, and 1700±360 mm3 after 84 days, respectively. At 3 days post KELLY tumour resection, tumour volumes were similar across all groups (P=0.6210). Tumour growth rate was similar in untreated vs control film, 100IV vs 100IR, and 100IV vs 200IV. There was significant difference in 100IR vs 200CR (P=0.0004) and 200IV vs 200CR (P=0.0003). Tumour growth with all doxorubicin groups was slower than that of control (P: <0.0001–0.0069). At the interface of the 200CR film and tumour, there was cellular necrosis, surrounded by apoptotic cells before reaching viable tumour cells. Conclusions: Combining surgical resection and sustained local doxorubicin treatment is effective in tumour control. Administering doxorubicin in a local, controlled manner is superior to giving an equivalent intravenous dose in tumour control.
Collapse
|