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Abstract
Stem/progenitor cells play central roles in processes of organogenesis and tissue maintenance, whereas cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to drive tumor malignancy. Here, we review recent progress in the identification and analysis of normal prostate stem/progenitor cells as well as putative CSCs in both genetically engineered mouse models as well as in human tissue. We also discuss studies that have investigated the cell type of origin for prostate cancer. In addition, we provide a critical assessment of methodologies used in stem cell analyses and outline directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia J Li
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
- Department Genetics and Development, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Urology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Michael M Shen
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
- Department Genetics and Development, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Urology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
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52
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Hu J, Sun F, Chen W, Zhang J, Zhang T, Qi M, Feng T, Liu H, Li X, Xing Y, Xiong X, Shi B, Zhou G, Han B. BTF3 sustains cancer stem-like phenotype of prostate cancer via stabilization of BMI1. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:227. [PMID: 31138311 PMCID: PMC6540453 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer stem-like traits contribute to prostate cancer (PCa) progression and metastasis. Deciphering the novel molecular mechanisms underlying stem-like traits may provide important insight for developing novel therapeutics. Methods Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays in prostatic tissues; gain- and loss-of-function analyses using ectopic overexpression and shRNAs in PCa cell lines; measurements of tumorigenic and stemness properties, and transcription in vitro and in vivo; transcriptional analysis in public databases. Results We identified that overexpression of BTF3 in PCa tissues and BTF3 expression highly correlates to stem-like traits. Cancer stem-like characteristics in PCa including self-renewal and metastatic potential were impaired by BTF3 loss and promoted by BTF3 overexpression. Mechanistically, BTF3 could stabilize BMI1, which is a crucial regulator of prostate stem cell self-renewal. More importantly, our data revealed that BTF3 is highly predictive of poor prognosis and may help in risk stratification of PCa patients. Conclusions BTF3 promotes PCa progression though modeling stem-like traits in PCa. BTF3 represents a stratification marker in PCa progression and outcomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1222-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mei Qi
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu hospital, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xinjun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Department of Pathology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, China
| | - Yuanxin Xing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xueting Xiong
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, M5S1A8, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Shandong University QiLu hospital, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Gengyin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu hospital, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bo Han
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China. .,Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu hospital, Jinan, 250012, China.
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53
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Civenni G, Albino D, Shinde D, Vázquez R, Merulla J, Kokanovic A, Mapelli SN, Carbone GM, Catapano CV. Transcriptional Reprogramming and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Targeting Prostate Cancer Stem Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:385. [PMID: 31143708 PMCID: PMC6521702 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and the second cause of cancer-related deaths in western countries. Despite the progress in the treatment of localized prostate cancer, there is still lack of effective therapies for the advanced forms of the disease. Most patients with advanced prostate cancer become resistant to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which remains the main therapeutic option in this setting, and progress to lethal metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Current therapies for prostate cancer preferentially target proliferating, partially differentiated, and AR-dependent cancer cells that constitute the bulk of the tumor mass. However, the subpopulation of tumor-initiating or tumor-propagating stem-like cancer cells is virtually resistant to the standard treatments causing tumor relapse at the primary or metastatic sites. Understanding the pathways controlling the establishment, expansion and maintenance of the cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation is an important step toward the development of more effective treatment for prostate cancer, which might enable ablation or exhaustion of CSCs and prevent treatment resistance and disease recurrence. In this review, we focus on the impact of transcriptional regulators on phenotypic reprogramming of prostate CSCs and provide examples supporting the possibility of inhibiting maintenance and expansion of the CSC pool in human prostate cancer along with the currently available methodological approaches. Transcription factors are key elements for instructing specific transcriptional programs and inducing CSC-associated phenotypic changes implicated in disease progression and treatment resistance. Recent studies have shown that interfering with these processes causes exhaustion of CSCs with loss of self-renewal and tumorigenic capability in prostate cancer models. Targeting key transcriptional regulators in prostate CSCs is a valid therapeutic strategy waiting to be tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlo V. Catapano
- Institute of Oncology (IOR), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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54
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Hu J, Mirshahidi S, Simental A, Lee SC, De Andrade Filho PA, Peterson NR, Duerksen-Hughes P, Yuan X. Cancer stem cell self-renewal as a therapeutic target in human oral cancer. Oncogene 2019; 38:5440-5456. [PMID: 30936460 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tumor recurrence following treatment remains a major clinical challenge in oral cavity cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been isolated from human oral cancers and been considered as the driving force of tumor recurrence and metastasis. However, it still remains unclear whether targeting CSCs in oral cancer is a clinically relevant strategy to combat cancer recurrence and metastasis. Here, using clinical cancer specimens and patient-derived xenografts, we show that the self-renewal regulator BMI1 is highly expressed in CSCs of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Inhibition of BMI1 decreases oral CSCs' self-renewal and tumor-initiating potential. Treatment of pre-established human oral cancer xenografts with a BMI1 inhibitor resulted in abrogation of tumor progression and reduced the frequency of CSCs in the xenografts. Remarkably, the BMI1 inhibitor has therapeutic effects in cisplatin-resistant tumors and can reduce metastases initiated by circulating CSCs. Mechanistically, BMI1-inhibition leads to oral CSC necroptotic cell death, which underlies the self-renewal impairment after inhibiting BMI1. Our data provide a pre-clinical proof-of-concept that targeting BMI1-related CSC self-renewal is a clinically relevant anti-cancer therapy in human oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fontana Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, 92335, USA
| | - Saied Mirshahidi
- Cancer Center Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.,Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Alfred Simental
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Steve C Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Pedro A De Andrade Filho
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Nathaniel R Peterson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Penelope Duerksen-Hughes
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Xiangpeng Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA. .,Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
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55
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VEGF/Neuropilin Signaling in Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030490. [PMID: 30678134 PMCID: PMC6387347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancer extends beyond angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Specifically, VEGF-mediated signaling occurs in tumor cells and this signaling contributes to key aspects of tumorigenesis including the self-renewal and survival of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In addition to VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases, the neuropilins (NRPs) are critical for mediating the effects of VEGF on CSCs, primarily because of their ability to impact the function of growth factor receptors and integrins. VEGF/NRP signaling can regulate the expression and function of key molecules that have been implicated in CSC function including Rho family guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) and transcription factors. The VEGF/NRP signaling axis is a prime target for therapy because it can confer resistance to standard chemotherapy, which is ineffective against most CSCs. Indeed, several studies have shown that targeting either NRP1 or NRP2 can inhibit tumor initiation and decrease resistance to other therapies.
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56
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Ding Y, Li N, Dong B, Guo W, Wei H, Chen Q, Yuan H, Han Y, Chang H, Kan S, Wang X, Pan Q, Wu P, Peng C, Qiu T, Li Q, Gao D, Xue W, Qin J. Chromatin remodeling ATPase BRG1 and PTEN are synthetic lethal in prostate cancer. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:759-773. [PMID: 30496141 DOI: 10.1172/jci123557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) represents one hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa). However, restoration of PTEN or inhibition of the activated PI3K/AKT pathway has shown limited success, prompting us to identify obligate targets for disease intervention. We hypothesized that PTEN loss might expose cells to unique epigenetic vulnerabilities. Here, we identified a synthetic lethal relationship between PTEN and Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1), an ATPase subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Higher BRG1 expression in tumors with low PTEN expression was associated with a worse clinical outcome. Genetically engineered mice (GEMs) and organoid assays confirmed that ablation of PTEN sensitized the cells to BRG1 depletion. Mechanistically, PTEN loss stabilized BRG1 protein through the inhibition of the AKT/GSK3β/FBXW7 axis. Increased BRG1 expression in PTEN-deficient PCa cells led to chromatin remodeling into configurations that drove a protumorigenic transcriptome, causing cells to become further addicted to BRG1. Furthermore, we showed in preclinical models that BRG1 antagonist selectively inhibited the progression of PTEN-deficient prostate tumors. Together, our results highlight the synthetic lethal relationship between PTEN and BRG1 and support targeting BRG1 as an effective approach to the treatment of PTEN-deficient PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qilong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huairui Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanwen Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Kan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuege Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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57
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Inhibition of chemotherapy resistant breast cancer stem cells by a ROR1 specific antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:1370-1377. [PMID: 30622177 PMCID: PMC6347692 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816262116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We report that breast cancer cells surviving treatment with paclitaxel express relatively high levels of ROR1, which can induce activation of stem-cell signaling pathways in response to Wnt5a. A humanized anti-ROR1 drug, cirmtuzumab, can inhibit ROR1-dependent activation of such signaling and impair the capacity of post-treatment breast cancer cells to metastasize or reengraft immune-deficient mice. Breast cancers enduring treatment with chemotherapy may be enriched for cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells, which have an enhanced capacity for self-renewal, tumor initiation, and/or metastasis. Breast cancer cells that express the type I tyrosine kinaselike orphan receptor ROR1 also may have such features. Here we find that the expression of ROR1 increased in breast cancer cells following treatment with chemotherapy, which also enhanced expression of genes induced by the activation of Rho-GTPases, Hippo-YAP/TAZ, or B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (BMI1). Expression of ROR1 also enhanced the capacity of breast cancer cells to invade Matrigel, form spheroids, engraft in Rag2−/−γc−/− mice, or survive treatment with paclitaxel. Treatment of mice bearing breast cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) with the humanized anti-ROR1 monoclonal antibody cirmtuzumab repressed expression of genes associated with breast cancer stemness, reduced activation of Rho-GTPases, Hippo-YAP/TAZ, or BMI1, and impaired the capacity of breast cancer PDXs to metastasize or reengraft Rag2−/−γc−/− mice. Finally, treatment of PDX-bearing mice with cirmtuzumab and paclitaxel was more effective than treatment with either alone in eradicating breast cancer PDXs. These results indicate that targeting ROR1 may improve the response to chemotherapy of patients with breast cancer.
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58
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Asadzadeh Z, Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Aghajani M, Haji‐Asgarzadeh K, Safarzadeh E, Mokhtarzadeh A, Duijf PHG, Baradaran B. microRNAs in cancer stem cells: Biology, pathways, and therapeutic opportunities. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10002-10017. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Marjan Aghajani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Pascal H. G. Duijf
- Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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59
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Song Y, Zhao M, Xie Y, Zhu T, Liang W, Sun B, Liu W, Wu L, Lu G, Li TS, Yin T, Xie Y. Bmi-1 high-expressing cells enrich cardiac stem/progenitor cells and respond to heart injury. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:104-111. [PMID: 30396232 PMCID: PMC6307799 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bmi‐1 gene is well recognized as an oncogene, but has been recently demonstrated to play a role in the self‐renewal of tissue‐specific stem cells. By using Bmi‐1GFP/+ mice, we investigated the role of Bmi‐1 in cardiac stem/progenitor cells and myocardial repair. RT‐PCR and flow cytometry analysis indicated that the expression of Bmi‐1 was significantly higher in cardiac side population than the main population from CD45−Ter119−CD31− heart cells. More Sca‐1+ cardiac stem/progenitor cells were found in Bmi‐1 GFPhi subpopulation, and these Bmi‐1 GFPhi heart cells showed the potential of differentiation into SMM+ smooth muscle‐like cells and TnT+ cardiomyocyte‐like cells in vitro. The silencing of Bmi‐1 significantly inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of heart cells. Otherwise, myocardial infarction induced a significantly increase (2.7‐folds) of Bmi‐1 GFPhi population, mainly within the infarction and border zones. These preliminary data suggest that Bmi‐1hi heart cells are enriched in cardiac stem/progenitor cells and may play a role in myocardial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewang Song
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Bengbu Medical School, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Tingfang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbin Liang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Baiming Sun
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Weixin Liu
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Liqun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tong Yin
- The National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yucai Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
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60
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Yang W, Wu Z, Yang K, Han Y, Chen Y, Zhao W, Huang F, Jin Y, Jin W. BMI1 promotes cardiac fibrosis in ischemia-induced heart failure via the PTEN-PI3K/Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 316:H61-H69. [PMID: 30359076 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00487.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis has been known to play an important role in the etiology of heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI). B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (BMI1), a transcriptional repressor, is important for fibrogenesis in the kidneys. However, the effect of BMI1 on ischemia-induced cardiac fibrosis remains unclear. BMI1 was strongly expressed in the infarct region 1 wk post-MI in mice and was detected by Western blot and histological analyses. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of BMI1 significantly promoted cardiac fibrosis, worsened cardiac function 4 wk after the intervention in vivo, and enhanced the proliferation and migration capabilities of fibroblasts in vitro , whereas downregulation of BMI1 decreased cardiac fibrosis and prevented cardiac dysfunction in mice 4 wk post-MI in vivo. Furthermore, upregulated BMI1 inhibited phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression, enhanced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) expression, and increased the phosphorylation level of Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in mice 4 wk after lentiviral infection, which was in accordance with the changes seen in their infarcted myocardial tissues. At the same time, the effects of BMI1 on cardiac fibroblasts were reversed in vitro when these cells were exposed to NVP-BEZ235, a dual-kinase (PI3K/mTOR) inhibitor. In conclusion, BMI1 is associated with cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction after MI by regulating cardiac fibroblast proliferation and migration, and these effects could be partially explained by the regulation of the PTEN-PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ischemia-induced B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (BMI1) significantly promoted cardiac fibrosis and worsened cardiac function in vivo, whereas downregulation of BMI1 decreased cardiac fibrosis and prevented cardiac dysfunction in myocardial infarcted mice. BMI1 also enhanced proliferation and migration capabilities of fibroblasts in vitro; these effects were reversed by NVP-BEZ235. Effects of BMI1 on cardiac fibrosis could be partially explained by regulation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yanxin Han
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yanjia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Weilin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Fanyi Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yao Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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61
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Motawi TMK, Sabry D, Maurice NW, Rizk SM. Role of mesenchymal stem cells exosomes derived microRNAs; miR-136, miR-494 and miR-495 in pre-eclampsia diagnosis and evaluation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 659:13-21. [PMID: 30261165 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-eclampsia (PE) is one of the most threatening pregnancy complications. So far neither a secure, competent therapy for PE nor effective biomarkers for a premature discovery has been achieved. However, currently, the use of released microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers and therapy targets for various diseases is the dominating area of research. The aim of our study was to identify miRNAs 136, 494 and 495 genes expression in exosomes of peripheral blood compared to umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) conditioned media released exososomes in patients with PE, as valuable markers for PE early prediction. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 100 patients with PE and 100 control with normal pregnancies. Thirty fresh umbilical cord samples of women with healthy pregnancies (n = 15) and PE patients (n = 15) were retrieved during caesarean deliveries and UCMSCs were isolated from Wharton jelly. The expression of miRNAs 136, 494 and 495 in exosomes of peripheral blood and UCMSCs conditioned media was measured using quantitative real-time PCR method. Unpaired t-test, Pearson correlation test and Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis were used for data analysis. RESULTS Our study revealed a significantly higher expression levels of miRNAs 136, 494 and 495 in exosomes of peripheral blood and matched with UCMSCs released exosomes from patients with PE compared to normal pregnancies (p = 0.000). In peripheral blood of PE, they were 6.4, 3.9 and 2.1 folds higher, respectively. ROC analysis revealed that the sensitivity and specificity values of miRNA-136 were 95% and 100%, respectively, with a cut-off value of 2.55. The sensitivity and specificity values of miRNA-494 were 86% and 95%, respectively, with a cut-off value of 0.47. The sensitivity and specificity values of miRNA-495 were 90% and 83%, respectively, with a cut-off value of 1.287. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that exosomes derived miRNA-136, miRNA-494 and miRNA-495 could be promising circulating biomarkers in early detection of PE. Furthermore, UCMSCs released exosomes miRNA-136, miRNA-494 and miRNA-495 genes expression confirmed peripheral blood results analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M K Motawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Nadine W Maurice
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Sherine M Rizk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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Abstract
Despite the high long-term survival in localized prostate cancer, metastatic prostate cancer remains largely incurable even after intensive multimodal therapy. The lethality of advanced disease is driven by the lack of therapeutic regimens capable of generating durable responses in the setting of extreme tumor heterogeneity on the genetic and cell biological levels. Here, we review available prostate cancer model systems, the prostate cancer genome atlas, cellular and functional heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment, tumor-intrinsic and tumor-extrinsic mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance, and technological advances focused on disease detection and management. These advances, along with an improved understanding of the adaptive responses to conventional cancer therapies, anti-androgen therapy, and immunotherapy, are catalyzing development of more effective therapeutic strategies for advanced disease. In particular, knowledge of the heterotypic interactions between and coevolution of cancer and host cells in the tumor microenvironment has illuminated novel therapeutic combinations with a strong potential for more durable therapeutic responses and eventual cures for advanced disease. Improved disease management will also benefit from artificial intelligence-based expert decision support systems for proper standard of care, prognostic determinant biomarkers to minimize overtreatment of localized disease, and new standards of care accelerated by next-generation adaptive clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocan Wang
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Denise J Spring
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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63
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Bartucci M, Hussein MS, Huselid E, Flaherty K, Patrizii M, Laddha SV, Kui C, Bigos RA, Gilleran JA, El Ansary MMS, Awad MAM, Kimball SD, Augeri DJ, Sabaawy HE. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel BMI1 Inhibitors Targeting Cellular Self-Renewal in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Target Oncol 2018; 12:449-462. [PMID: 28589491 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-017-0501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents one of the most lethal cancers worldwide due to therapy resistance and disease recurrence. Tumor relapse following treatment could be driven by the persistence of liver cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). The protein BMI1 is a member of the polycomb epigenetic factors governing cellular self-renewal, proliferation, and stemness maintenance. BMI1 expression also correlates with poor patient survival in various cancer types. OBJECTIVE We aimed to elucidate the extent to which BMI1 can be used as a potential therapeutic target for CSC eradication in HCC. METHODS We have recently participated in characterizing the first known pharmacological small molecule inhibitor of BMI1. Here, we synthesized a panel of novel BMI1 inhibitors and examined their ability to alter cellular growth and eliminate cancer progenitor/stem-like cells in HCC with different p53 backgrounds. RESULTS Among various molecules examined, RU-A1 particularly downregulated BMI1 expression, impaired cell viability, reduced cell migration, and sensitized HCC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in vitro. Notably, long-term analysis of HCC survival showed that, unlike chemotherapy, RU-A1 effectively reduced CSC content, even as monotherapy. BMI1 inhibition with RU-A1 diminished the number of stem-like cells in vitro more efficiently than the model compound C-209, as demonstrated by clonogenic assays and impairment of CSC marker expression. Furthermore, xenograft assays in zebrafish showed that RU-A1 abrogated tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the ability to identify agents with the propensity for targeting CSCs in HCC that could be explored as novel treatments in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Bartucci
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Mohamed S Hussein
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Clinical and Chemical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eric Huselid
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Kathleen Flaherty
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Michele Patrizii
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Saurabh V Laddha
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Graduate Program in Quantitative Biomedicine, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Cindy Kui
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Rutgers Translational Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, EMSOP, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Rachel A Bigos
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Rutgers Translational Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, EMSOP, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - John A Gilleran
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Rutgers Translational Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, EMSOP, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Mervat M S El Ansary
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A M Awad
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S David Kimball
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Molecular Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Rutgers Translational Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, EMSOP, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - David J Augeri
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Molecular Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Rutgers Translational Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, EMSOP, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hatem E Sabaawy
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. .,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. .,Department of Medicine, RBHS-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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64
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Fan JR, Lee HT, Lee W, Lin CH, Hsu CY, Hsieh CH, Shyu WC. Potential role of CBX7 in regulating pluripotency of adult human pluripotent-like olfactory stem cells in stroke model. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:502. [PMID: 29717132 PMCID: PMC5931587 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The adult olfactory mucosa, a highly regenerative tissue with unique life-long neurogenesis ability, is thought to harbor a naïve yet tightly controlled stem cell population. It will provide unique benefits in various stem cell-based therapies, such as stroke treatment. Here, we identified a subpopulation of adult pluripotent-like olfactory stem cells (APOSCs), which were modulated by an epigenetic repressor of CBX7. APOSCs form a floating sphere, express pluripotency markers Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, and SSEA-4 and show alkaline phosphatase activity. In addition, APOSCs display self-renewal and a pluripotent potential to differentiate into all three germ layers. Moreover, APOSCs coexpress pluripotency markers with CBX7. Within their natural niche, APOSCs from CBX7+/+ mice responded promptly to either spontaneous or injury-induced tissue regeneration. However, APOSCs from CBX7−/− mice manifested an impaired self-renewal and differentiation potential. Similarly, in vitro-cultivated CBX7−/− APOSCs underwent premature senescence, whereas CBX7+/+ APOSCs still actively divided, indicating that CBX7 is required for the self-renewal of APOSCs. Intracerebral implantation of APOSCs improved the stroke-mediated neurological dysfunction in rodents. These findings indicate that CBX7 plays a critical role in the regenerative properties of APOSCs and indicate the safety and feasibility of implantation of autologous APOSCs in stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Fan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, and Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40440, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Tung Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40421, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei Lee
- Translational Medicine Research Center, and Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40440, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Huan Lin
- Translational Medicine Research Center, and Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40440, Taiwan
| | - Chun Y Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40440, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40440, Taiwan.
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, and Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40440, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40440, Taiwan. .,Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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65
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Bryzgunova OE, Konoshenko MY, Laktionov PP. MicroRNA-guided gene expression in prostate cancer: Literature and database overview. J Gene Med 2018; 20:e3016. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olga E. Bryzgunova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia and ‘E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Maria Yu Konoshenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia and ‘E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Pavel P. Laktionov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia and ‘E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Novosibirsk Russia
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66
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Zymosan attenuates melanoma growth progression, increases splenocyte proliferation and induces TLR-2/4 and TNF-α expression in mice. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2018; 15:5. [PMID: 29588627 PMCID: PMC5863857 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-018-0182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Melanoma is one of the most common types of skin malignancies. Since current therapies are suboptimal, considerable interest has focused on novel natural-based treatments. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in evoking innate immunity against cancer cells. Zymosan, a known TLR-2 agonist, is a glucan derived from yeast cell walls with promising immunomodulatory effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived zymosan-modulated skin melanoma progression by regulation of TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression in peritoneal macrophages and serum TNF-α level. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: i) zymosan-treated (Z), ii) Melanoma-bearing mice (M), iii) Melanoma-bearing mice treated with zymosan (ZM) and iv) a healthy control group (negative control). 15 days after melanoma induction, mice were injected i.p. with zymosan (10 μg) daily for 4 consecutive days. Mice were CO2-euthanized and serum TNF-α level, TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression in peritoneal macrophages and tumor growth measured. Splenocytes were treated ex-vivo with zymosan to determine viability and proliferation. Results Tumor weight significantly decreased following therapeutic dosing with zymosan (P < 0.05). This was associated with zymosan-induced upregulation of TLR-2, TLR-4 and TNF-α mRNA in peritoneal macrophages and enhanced serum TNF-α levels (P < 0.05). Splenocyte number and viability were increased in a concentration-dependent manner by zymosan. Conclusions Our study suggests that zymosan-induced upregulation of TLR-2, TLR-4 and TNF-α gene expression and of TNF-α release; together with increased level of lymphocyte proliferation may play a role in the inhibition of melanoma progression.
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67
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Aird J, Baird AM, Lim MC, McDermott R, Finn SP, Gray SG. Carcinogenesis in prostate cancer: The role of long non-coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA Res 2018; 3:29-38. [PMID: 30159437 PMCID: PMC6084828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs appear to play a considerable role in tumourigenesis through regulating key processes in cancer cells such as proliferative signalling, replicative immortality, invasion and metastasis, evasion of growth suppressors, induction of angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis. LncRNAs have been reported to play a role in prostate cancer, particularly in regulating the androgen receptor signalling pathway. In this review article, we summarise the role of 34 lncRNAs in prostate cancer with a particular focus on their role in the androgen receptor signalling pathway and the epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Aird
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne-Marie Baird
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity Translational Medical Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marvin C.J. Lim
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ray McDermott
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen P. Finn
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven G. Gray
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- HOPE Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biological Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
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68
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Wei M, Jiao D, Han D, Wu J, Wei F, Zheng G, Guo Z, Xi W, Yang F, Xie P, Zhang L, Yang AG, Wang H, Qin W, Wen W. Knockdown of RNF2 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells through the upregulation of TXNIP. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5323-5338. [PMID: 28029659 PMCID: PMC5354911 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RNF2, also known as RING1b or RING2, is identified as the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), which mediates the mono-ubiquitination of histone H2A. RNF2 has been proved to have oncogenic function in many kinds of cancers, but the function of RNF2 in prostate cancer (PCa) has not been evaluated. Here we show that PCa tissues showed higher RNF2 expression than the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues. Knockdown of RNF2 in PCa cells resulted in cell cycle arrest, increased apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation, and the growth of RNF2 knockdown PCa xenografts were obviously inhibited in nude mice. Gene microarray analysis was performed and tumor suppressor gene TXNIP was found to be significantly increased in RNF2 knockdown cells. Simultaneously knockdown of RNF2 and TXNIP can partially rescue the arrested cell cycle, increased apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation in RNF2 single knockdown cells. Furthermore, ChIP assay result showed that RNF2 enriched at the TXNIP promoter, and the enrichment of RNF2 and ubiquitination of H2A in TXNIP promoter was obviously inhibited in RNF2 knockdown cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that RNF2 functions as an oncogene in PCa and RNF2 may regulate the progression of PCa through the inhibition of TXNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wei
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710038 Xi'an, China
| | - Dian Jiao
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710038 Xi'an, China
| | - Donghui Han
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Jieheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Feilong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Guoxu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Zhangyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Fa Yang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Pin Xie
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - An-Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710038 Xi'an, China
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Weihong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
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69
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Wang Y, Shao N, Mao X, Zhu M, Fan W, Shen Z, Xiao R, Wang C, Bao W, Xu X, Yang C, Dong J, Yu D, Wu Y, Zhu C, Wen L, Lu X, Lu YJ, Feng N. MiR-4638-5p inhibits castration resistance of prostate cancer through repressing Kidins220 expression and PI3K/AKT pathway activity. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47444-47464. [PMID: 27329728 PMCID: PMC5216953 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, conserved segments of non-coding RNA which play a significant role in prostate cancer development and progression. To identify miRNAs associated with castration resistance, we performed miRNA microarray analysis comparing castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with androgen dependent prostate cancer (ADPC). We identified common underexpression of miR-4638-5p in CRPC compared to ADPC samples, which were further confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis. The role of miR-4638-5p in prostate cancer androgen-independent growth has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. We also identified Kidins220 as a target gene directly regulated by miR-4638-5p and shRNA-mediated knockdown of Kidins220 phenocopied miR-4638-5p restoration. Subsequently, we revealed that Kidins220 activates PI3K/AKT pathway, which plays a key role in CRPC. Loss of miR- 4638-5p may lead to CRPC through the activity of Kidins220 and PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, we found that miR-4638-5p, through regulating Kidins220 and the downstream activity of VEGF and PI3K/AKT pathway, influences prostate cancer progression via angiogenesis. The identification of miR-4638-5p down-regulation in CRPC and the understanding of the functional role of miR-4638-5p and its downstream genes/pathways have the potential to develop biomarkers for CRPC onset and to identify novel targets for novel forms of treatments of this lethal form of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ning Shao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xueying Mao
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Weifei Fan
- Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixiang Shen
- Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncai Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenping Bao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Deshui Yu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Caixia Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liting Wen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong-Jie Lu
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Patel N, Garikapati KR, Makani VKK, Nair AD, Vangara N, Bhadra U, Pal Bhadra M. Regulating BMI1 expression via miRNAs promote Mesenchymal to Epithelial Transition (MET) and sensitizes breast cancer cell to chemotherapeutic drug. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190245. [PMID: 29394261 PMCID: PMC5796693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group (PcG) proteinB lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (BMI1) is a transcriptional repressor that plays an important role in human carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAsthat implicate a negative regulation on gene expression. Deregulation of the expression of miRNAs has been implicated in tumorigenesis. Here, we have shown that knock-down ofBMI1increases theexpression of tumor-suppressivemiRNAs. Elevated levels of expression of miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-15a, miR-429, miR-203were observed upon knock-down of BMI1. Up-regulation of these miRNAsleads to down-regulation ofPRC1 group of proteins i.e. BMI1, RING1A, RING1B and Ub-H2A. Interestingly, overexpression of miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-15aalso produced decreased BMI1 and Ub-H2A protein expression in the CD44+ Cancer Stem Cellpopulation of MDAMB-231cells. Also,elevating the levels of BMI1 regulated miRNAspromoted Mesenchymal to Epithelial transition by regulating the expression of N-Cadherin, Vimentin, β-Catenin, Zeb, Snail thereby resulting in decreased invasion, migration and proliferation. Here, we also report that miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-203 accretes the sensitivity of MDAMB-231 cells to the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) SAHA and miR-15a sensitized breast cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin leading to apoptosis. These findings suggest that modulatingspecific miRNAs may serve as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of breast cancer
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Affiliation(s)
- Nibedita Patel
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Koteswara Rao Garikapati
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Training and Development Complex, CSIR Campus, Taramani, Chennai, India
| | - Venkata Krishna Kanth Makani
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Ayikkara Drishya Nair
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Namratha Vangara
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Utpal Bhadra
- Gene Silencing Group, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Manika Pal Bhadra
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
- * E-mail:
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71
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Brocqueville G, Chmelar RS, Bauderlique-Le Roy H, Deruy E, Tian L, Vessella RL, Greenberg NM, Rohrschneider LR, Bourette RP. s-SHIP expression identifies a subset of murine basal prostate cells as neonatal stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29228-44. [PMID: 27081082 PMCID: PMC5045392 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation of prostate stem cells (PSCs) is crucial for understanding their biology during normal development and tumorigenesis. In this aim, we used a transgenic mouse model expressing GFP from the stem cell-specific s-SHIP promoter to mark putative stem cells during postnatal prostate development. Here we show that cells identified by GFP expression are present transiently during early prostate development and localize to the basal cell layer of the epithelium. These prostate GFP+ cells are a subpopulation of the Lin- CD24+ Sca-1+ CD49f+ cells and are capable of self-renewal together with enhanced growth potential in sphere-forming assay in vitro, a phenotype consistent with that of a PSC population. Transplantation assays of prostate GFP+ cells demonstrate reconstitution of prostate ducts containing both basal and luminal cells in renal grafts. Altogether, these results demonstrate that s-SHIP promoter expression is a new marker for neonatal basal prostate cells exhibiting stem cell properties that enables PSCs in situ identification and isolation via a single consistent parameter. Transcriptional profiling of these GFP+ neonatal stem cells showed an increased expression of several components of the Wnt signaling pathway. It also identified stem cell regulators with potential applications for further analyses of normal and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Brocqueville
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, SIRIC ONCOLille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Renee S Chmelar
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hélène Bauderlique-Le Roy
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, SIRIC ONCOLille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Emeric Deruy
- BioImaging Center Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Lu Tian
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, SIRIC ONCOLille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Robert L Vessella
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Norman M Greenberg
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Present address: NMG Scientific Consulting, North Potomac, MD 20878, USA
| | - Larry R Rohrschneider
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Roland P Bourette
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, SIRIC ONCOLille, F-59000 Lille, France
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72
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Dimri M, Kang M, Dimri GP. A miR-200c/141-BMI1 autoregulatory loop regulates oncogenic activity of BMI1 in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:36220-36234. [PMID: 27105531 PMCID: PMC5094995 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to function as oncomiRs or tumor suppressors and are important noncoding RNA regulators of oncogenesis. The miR-200c/141 locus on chromosome 12 encodes miR-200c and miR-141, two members of the miR-200 family, which have been shown to function as tumor suppressive miRNAs by targeting multiple oncogenic factors such as polycomb group protein BMI1. Here, we show that BMI1 reciprocally functions as a transcriptional repressor of the miR-200c/141 cluster and that BMI1 inhibitors upregulate expression of miR-200c and miR-141. Our data suggest that BMI1 binds to the miR-200c/141 promoter and regulates it through transcription factor binding motifs E-box 2 and Z-box 1 to repress expression of miR-200c/141 cluster. We also show that PTC-209, a small molecule inhibitor of BMI1 gene expression induces cellular senescence and transcriptionally upregulates expression of miR-200c/141 cluster in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, inhibition of expression of miR-200c or miR-141 overcomes tumor suppressive effects of PTC-209 including induction of cellular senescence and downregulation of breast cancer stem cell phenotype. Therefore, our studies suggest a reciprocal regulation between BMI1 and miR-200c/141 cluster, and that BMI1 inhibitory drugs can further amplify their inhibitory effects on BMI1 via multiple mechanisms including posttranscriptional regulation by upregulating BMI1 targeting miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Dimri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mingu Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Goberdhan P Dimri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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73
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Histone 2B-GFP Label-Retaining Prostate Luminal Cells Possess Progenitor Cell Properties and Are Intrinsically Resistant to Castration. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 10:228-242. [PMID: 29276153 PMCID: PMC5768933 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence of slow-cycling luminal cells in the prostate has been suggested, but their identity and functional properties remain unknown. Using a bigenic mouse model to earmark, isolate, and characterize the quiescent stem-like cells, we identify a label-retaining cell (LRC) population in the luminal cell layer as luminal progenitors. Molecular and biological characterizations show that these luminal LRCs are significantly enriched in the mouse proximal prostate, exhibit relative dormancy, display bipotency in both in vitro and in vivo assays, and express a stem/progenitor gene signature with resemblance to aggressive prostate cancer. Importantly, these LRCs, compared with bulk luminal cells, maintain a lower level of androgen receptor (AR) expression and are less androgen dependent and also castration resistant in vivo. Finally, analysis of phenotypic markers reveals heterogeneity within the luminal progenitor cell pool. Our study establishes luminal LRCs as progenitors that may serve as a cellular origin for castration-resistant prostate cancer. A bigenic mouse model to study prostatic slow-cycling luminal epithelial cells Prostate label-retaining cells (LRCs) exhibit stem/progenitor cell activities Luminal LRCs are developmentally bipotent and display a progenitor gene signature Luminal LRCs resist castration and molecularly resemble aggressive prostate cancer
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74
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Russo MV, Esposito S, Tupone MG, Manzoli L, Airoldi I, Pompa P, Cindolo L, Schips L, Sorrentino C, Di Carlo E. SOX2 boosts major tumor progression genes in prostate cancer and is a functional biomarker of lymph node metastasis. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12372-85. [PMID: 26540632 PMCID: PMC4914291 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical issues in prostate cancer (PC) are a. identification of molecular drivers of the highly aggressive neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in adenocarcinoma, and b. early assessment of disease progression. The SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 gene, SOX2, is an essential embryonic stem cell gene involved in prostate tumorigenesis. Here we assessed its implications in NED and progression of PC and its diagnostic and prognostic value. Laser microdissection, qRT-PCR, quantitative Methylation-Specific PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze SOX2 gene expression and regulation in 206 PC samples. Results were examined according to the patient's clinical pathological profile and follow-ups. Functional studies were performed using PC cells transfected to overexpress or silence SOX2. SOX2 was consistently downregulated in PC, except in cell clusters lying within lymph node (LN)-positive PC. Multivariate analysis revealed that SOX2 mRNA expression in the primary tumor was significantly associated with LN metastasis. When SOX2 mRNA levels were ≥1.00, relative to (XpressRef) Universal Total RNA, adjusted Odds Ratio was 24.4 (95% CI: 7.54–79.0), sensitivity 0.81 (95% CI: 0.61–0.93) and specificity 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81–0.91). Patients experiencing biochemical recurrence had high median levels of SOX2 mRNA. In both PC and LN metastasis, SOX2 and NED marker, Chromogranin-A, were primarily co-expressed. In PC cells, NED genes were upregulated by SOX2 overexpression and downregulated by its silencing, which also abolished SNAI2/Slug dependent NED. Moreover, SOX2 upregulated neural CAMs, neurotrophins/neurotrophin receptors, pluripotency and epithelial-mesenchymal transition transcription factors, growth, angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors, and promoted PC cell invasiveness and motility. This study discloses novel SOX2 target genes driving NED and spread of PC and proposes SOX2 as a functional biomarker of LN metastasization for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vincenzo Russo
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,Ce.S.I. Biotech, Aging Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Esposito
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,Ce.S.I. Biotech, Aging Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tupone
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,Ce.S.I. Biotech, Aging Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lamberto Manzoli
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Irma Airoldi
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto "Giannina Gaslini", Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pompa
- Operative Unit of Urology, "Santo Spirito" Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Luca Cindolo
- Department of Urology, "San Pio da Pietrelcina" Hospital, Vasto, Italy
| | - Luigi Schips
- Department of Urology, "San Pio da Pietrelcina" Hospital, Vasto, Italy
| | - Carlo Sorrentino
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,Ce.S.I. Biotech, Aging Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Emma Di Carlo
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,Ce.S.I. Biotech, Aging Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
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75
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Zhang X, Guo W, Wang X, Liu X, Huang M, Gan L, Cheng Y, Li J. Antitumor activity and inhibitory effects on cancer stem cell-like properties of Adeno-associated virus (AAV) -mediated Bmi-1 interference driven by Bmi-1 promoter for gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22733-45. [PMID: 27009837 PMCID: PMC5008396 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bmi-1 is aberrantly activated in various cancers and plays a vital role in maintaining the self-renewal of stem cells. Our previous research revealed that Bmi-1 was overexpressed in gastric cancer (GC) and it's overexpression was an independent negative prognostic factor, suggesting it can be a therapeutic target. The main purpose of this investigation was to explore the antitumor activity of Bmi-1 interference driven by its own promoter (Ad-Bmi-1i) for GC. In this study, we used adenoviral vector to deliver Bmi-1 shRNA driven by its own promoter to treat GC. Our results revealed that Ad-Bmi-1i could selectively silence Bmi-1 in GC cells which overexpress Bmi-1 and suppress the malignant phenotypes and stem-like properties of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, direct injection of Ad-Bmi-1i into xenografts suppressed tumor growth and destroyed cancer cells in vivo. Ad-Bmi-1i inhibited the proliferation of GC cells mainly via inducing senescence in vitro, but it suppressed tumor through inducing senescence and apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis in vivo. Bmi-1 knockdown by Ad-Bmi-1i downregulated VEGF via inhibiting AKT activity. These results suggest that Ad-Bmi-1i not only inhibits tumor growth and stem cell-like phenotype by inducing cellular senescence directly, but also has an indirect anti-tumor activity by anti-angiogenesis effects via regulating PTEN/AKT/VEGF pathway. Transfer of gene interference guided by its own promoter by an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector might be a potent antitumor approach for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijian Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufan Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tianyou Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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76
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MicroRNA-128 suppresses paclitaxel-resistant lung cancer by inhibiting MUC1-C and BMI-1 in cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110540-110551. [PMID: 29299167 PMCID: PMC5746402 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is the main reason for failure of cancer treatment caused by drug resistance. Therefore, eradicating cancers by targeting CSCs remains a significant challenge. In the present study, because of the important role of BMI-1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger (BMI-1) and C-terminal Mucin1 (MUC1-C) in tumor growth and maintenance of CSCs, we aimed to confirm that microRNA miR-128, as an inhibitor of BMI-1 and MUC1-C, could effectively suppress paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant lung cancer stem cells. We showed that CSCs have significantly higher expression levels of BMI-1, MUC1-C, stemness proteins, signaling factors, and higher malignancy compared with normal tumor cells. After transfection with miR-128, the BMI-1 and MUC1-C levels in CSCs were suppressed. When miR-128 was stably expressed in PTX-resistant lung cancer stem cells, the cells showed decreased proliferation, metastasis, self-renewal, migration, invasive ability, clonogenicity, and tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo and increased apoptosis compared with miR-NC (negative control) CSCs. Furthermore, miR-128 effectively decreased the levels of β-catenin and intracellular signaling pathway-related factors in CSCs. MiR-128 also decreased the luciferase activity of MUC1 reporter constructs and reduced the levels of transmembrane MUC1-C and BMI-1. These results suggested miR-128 as an attractive therapeutic strategy for PTX-resistant lung cancer via inhibition of BMI-1 and MUC1-C.
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77
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Wang Q, Li Z, Wu Y, Huang R, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Cheng J. Pharmacological inhibition of Bmi1 by PTC-209 impaired tumor growth in head neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:107. [PMID: 29200967 PMCID: PMC5697105 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bmi1 (B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog) contributes to human tumorigenesis via epigenetic transcriptional silencing and represents a novel therapeutic target with great potentials. Here we sought to determine the therapeutic efficiency of PTC-209, a potent and selective Bmi1 inhibitor, in head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells and a HNSCC xenograft model. Methods The mutation pattern, mRNA level of Bmi1 in HNSCC and its associations with clinicopathological parameters were determined through comprehensive data mining and interrogation using publicly available databases GENT, cBioPortal, Oncomine and TCGA. The PTC-209, a selective and potent Bmi1 inhibitor, was exploited and its effect on Bmi1 expression was measured in two HNSCC cell lines Cal27 and FaDu. The phenotypical changes of HNSCC cells were observed upon PTC-209 treatment in vitro. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of PTC-209 for HNSCC were determined in a xenograft animal model. Results Through comprehensive data mining and interrogation, we found that Bmi1 mRNA was frequently overexpressed in a subset of HNSCC samples. Our data revealed that PTC-209 robustly reduced the expression of Bmi1 in Cal27 and FaDu cells presumably by post-transcriptional repression and ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation. PTC-209 treatment resulted in impaired cell proliferation, G1-phase cell cycle arrest, compromised migration and invasiveness, and increased cell apoptosis and chemosensitivity to 5-FU and cisplatin in vitro. Moreover, PTC-209 exposure reduced colony formation, tumorsphere formation and the percentage of ALDH1+ subpopulation in both Cal27 and FaDu cells. Importantly, in vivo PTC-209 administration significantly reduced tumor growth in a HNSCC xenograft model probably by Bmi1 inhibition and impaired cell proliferation. Conclusions Our findings indicate that pharmacological inhibition of Bmi1 is a novel therapeutic strategy for HNSCC patients, especially with those with aberrant Bmi1 overexpression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-017-0481-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Yaping Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Rong Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Yumin Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China.,Department of Oral Pathology, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
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78
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Nouri M, Caradec J, Lubik AA, Li N, Hollier BG, Takhar M, Altimirano-Dimas M, Chen M, Roshan-Moniri M, Butler M, Lehman M, Bishop J, Truong S, Huang SC, Cochrane D, Cox M, Collins C, Gleave M, Erho N, Alshalafa M, Davicioni E, Nelson C, Gregory-Evans S, Karnes RJ, Jenkins RB, Klein EA, Buttyan R. Therapy-induced developmental reprogramming of prostate cancer cells and acquired therapy resistance. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18949-18967. [PMID: 28145883 PMCID: PMC5386661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment-induced neuroendocrine transdifferentiation (NEtD) complicates therapies for metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). Based on evidence that PCa cells can transdifferentiate to other neuroectodermally-derived cell lineages in vitro, we proposed that NEtD requires first an intermediary reprogramming to metastable cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) of a neural class and we demonstrate that several different AR+/PSA+ PCa cell lines were efficiently reprogrammed to, maintained and propagated as CSCs by growth in androgen-free neural/neural crest (N/NC) stem medium. Such reprogrammed cells lost features of prostate differentiation; gained features of N/NC stem cells and tumor-initiating potential; were resistant to androgen signaling inhibition; and acquired an invasive phenotype in vitro and in vivo. When placed back into serum-containing mediums, reprogrammed cells could be re-differentiated to N-/NC-derived cell lineages or return back to an AR+ prostate-like state. Once returned, the AR+ cells were resistant to androgen signaling inhibition. Acute androgen deprivation or anti-androgen treatment in serum-containing medium led to the transient appearance of a sub-population of cells with similar characteristics. Finally, a 132 gene signature derived from reprogrammed PCa cell lines distinguished tumors from PCa patients with adverse outcomes. This model may explain neural manifestations of PCa associated with lethal disease. The metastable nature of the reprogrammed stem-like PCa cells suggests that cycles of PCa cell reprogramming followed by re-differentiation may support disease progression and therapeutic resistance. The ability of a gene signature from reprogrammed PCa cells to identify tumors from patients with metastasis or PCa-specific mortality implies that developmental reprogramming is linked to aggressive tumor behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mannan Nouri
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Josselin Caradec
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amy Anne Lubik
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Na Li
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Brett G Hollier
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Mengqian Chen
- Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Melanie Lehman
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Dawn Cochrane
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael Cox
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Colin Collins
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Martin Gleave
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nicholas Erho
- GenomeDX Biosciences, Vancouver, Canada.,GenomeDX Biosciences, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Elai Davicioni
- GenomeDX Biosciences, Vancouver, Canada.,GenomeDX Biosciences, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Colleen Nelson
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sheryl Gregory-Evans
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Eric A Klein
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ralph Buttyan
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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79
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Su W, Xu M, Chen X, Chen N, Gong J, Nie L, Li L, Li X, Zhang M, Zhou Q. Long noncoding RNA ZEB1-AS1 epigenetically regulates the expressions of ZEB1 and downstream molecules in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:142. [PMID: 28830551 PMCID: PMC5568204 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging studies show that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. The lncRNA ZEB1 antisense 1 (ZEB1-AS1) derives from the promoter region of ZEB1 and we still know little about its expressions, roles and mechanisms. Methods RACE was used to obtain the sequence of ZEB1-AS1. RNA interference was used to decrease ZEB1-AS1 expression. Adenovirus expression vector was used to increase ZEB1-AS1 expression. CHIP and RIP were used to detect the epigenetic mechanisms by which ZEB1-AS1 regulated ZEB1. CCK8 assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay were used to measure proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells. Results In this study, in prostate cancer cells, we found that RNAi-mediated downregulation of ZEB1-AS1 induced significant ZEB1 inhibition while artificial overexpression of ZEB1-AS1 rescued ZEB1 expression, which means that ZEB1-AS1 promotes ZEB1 expression. Also, ZEB1-AS1 indirectly inhibited miR200c, the well-known target of ZEB1, and upregulated miR200c’s target BMI1. Mechanistically, ZEB1-AS1 bound and recruited histone methyltransferase MLL1 to the promoter region of ZEB1, induced H3K4me3 modification therein, and activated ZEB1 transcription. Biologically, ZEB1-AS1 promoted proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells. Conclusions Collectively, ZEB1-AS1 functions as an oncogene in prostate cancer via epigenetically activating ZEB1 and indirectly regulating downstream molecules of ZEB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Su
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ling Nie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinglan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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80
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O-GlcNAcylation modulates Bmi-1 protein stability and potential oncogenic function in prostate cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:6293-6305. [PMID: 28714959 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Polycomb group transcriptional repressor Bmi-1 often overexpressed and participated in stem cells self-renewal and tumorigenesis initiating of prostate cancer. In this progression, Bmi-1 protein was regulated by transcription and post-translational modifications (PTMs). Nobly, the underlying PTMs regulation of Bmi-1 is poorly known. Here we use co-immunoprecipitation show that in C4-2 cell line, Bmi-1 directly interacted with OGT which is the only known enzyme catalyzed the O-GlcNAcylation in human. Furthermore, we identified that Ser255 is the site for Bmi-1 O-GlcNAcylation, and O-GlcNAcylation promoted Bmi-1 protein stability and its oncogenic activity. Finally, microarray analysis has characterized potential oncogenes associated pathway subject to repression via the OGT-Bmi-1 axis. Taken together, these results indicate that OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation at Ser255 stabilizes Bmi-1 and hence inhibits the TP53, PTEN and CDKN1A/CDKN2A pathway. The study not only uncovers a novel functional PTMs of Bmi-1 but also reveals a unique oncogenic role of O-GlcNAcylation in prostate cancer.
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81
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Zhang X, Tian T, Sun W, Liu C, Fang X. Bmi-1 overexpression as an efficient prognostic marker in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7346. [PMID: 28658153 PMCID: PMC5500075 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic effect of B-cell-specific Moloney leukemia virus insertion site 1 (Bmi-1) in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. We thus performed a meta-analysis to reveal the correlation between Bmi-1 with clinical features and overall survival (OS) in NSCLC. METHODS Relevant studies were searched through PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as well as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated by using STATA version 12.0. RESULTS Fourteen studies consisting of 1323 patients were included for quantitative analysis. The results showed that Bmi-1 was significantly associated with tumor size (n = 7, OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.19-2.71, P = .005, fixed effect), poor differentiation (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.11-2.33, P = .011, fixed effect), and distant metastasis (n = 4, OR = 4.69, 95% CI = 1.52-14.41, P = .007, fixed effect). In addition, high Bmi-1 expression also predicted poor OS (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.14-2.3, P < .001). There was no significant publication bias for any of the analyses. CONCLUSION In conclusion, Bmi-1 overexpression was correlated with tumor size, poor differentiation, distant metastasis, and worse OS in NSCLC. Therefore, Bmi-1 could be recommended as an efficient prognostic marker for NSCLC.
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82
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Roubaud G, Liaw BC, Oh WK, Mulholland DJ. Strategies to avoid treatment-induced lineage crisis in advanced prostate cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2017; 14:269-283. [PMID: 27874061 PMCID: PMC5567685 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The increasing potency of therapies that target the androgen receptor (AR) signalling axis has correlated with a rise in the proportion of patients with prostate cancer harbouring an adaptive phenotype, termed treatment-induced lineage crisis. This phenotype is characterized by features that include soft-tissue metastasis and/or resistance to standard anticancer therapies. Potent anticancer treatments might force cancer cells to evolve and develop alternative cell lineages that are resistant to primary therapies, a mechanism similar to the generation of multidrug- resistant microorganisms after continued antibiotic use. Herein, we assess the hypothesis that treatment-adapted phenotypes harbour reduced AR expression and/or activity, and acquire compensatory strategies for cell survival. We highlight the striking similarities between castration-resistant prostate cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, another poorly differentiated endocrine malignancy. Alternative treatment paradigms are needed to avoid therapy-induced resistance. Herein, we present a new clinical trial strategy designed to evaluate the potential of rapid drug cycling as an approach to delay the onset of resistance and treatment-induced lineage crisis in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Roubaud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Bergonié, 229 Cours de l'Argonne, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Bobby C Liaw
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - William K Oh
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - David J Mulholland
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10029, USA
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83
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Zhang K, Guo Y, Wang X, Zhao H, Ji Z, Cheng C, Li L, Fang Y, Xu D, Zhu HH, Gao WQ. WNT/β-Catenin Directs Self-Renewal Symmetric Cell Division of hTERThigh Prostate Cancer Stem Cells. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2534-2547. [PMID: 28209613 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongzhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Haematology and Centre for Molecular Medicine (CMM), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helen He Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai, China
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84
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Pakula H, Xiang D, Li Z. A Tale of Two Signals: AR and WNT in Development and Tumorigenesis of Prostate and Mammary Gland. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:E14. [PMID: 28134791 PMCID: PMC5332937 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers and among the leading causes of cancer deaths for men in industrialized countries. It has long been recognized that the prostate is an androgen-dependent organ and PCa is an androgen-dependent disease. Androgen action is mediated by the androgen receptor (AR). Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard treatment for metastatic PCa. However, almost all advanced PCa cases progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after a period of ADT. A variety of mechanisms of progression from androgen-dependent PCa to CRPC under ADT have been postulated, but it remains largely unclear as to when and how castration resistance arises within prostate tumors. In addition, AR signaling may be modulated by extracellular factors among which are the cysteine-rich glycoproteins WNTs. The WNTs are capable of signaling through several pathways, the best-characterized being the canonical WNT/β-catenin/TCF-mediated canonical pathway. Recent studies from sequencing PCa genomes revealed that CRPC cells frequently harbor mutations in major components of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, the finding of an interaction between β-catenin and AR suggests a possible mechanism of cross talk between WNT and androgen/AR signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of both AR and WNT pathways in prostate development and tumorigenesis, and their interaction during development of CRPC. We also review the possible therapeutic application of drugs that target both AR and WNT/β-catenin pathways. Finally, we extend our review of AR and WNT signaling to the mammary gland system and breast cancer. We highlight that the role of AR signaling and its interaction with WNT signaling in these two hormone-related cancer types are highly context-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Pakula
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Room 466, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Dongxi Xiang
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Room 466, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Zhe Li
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Room 466, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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85
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Wang MC, Jiao M, Wu T, Jing L, Cui J, Guo H, Tian T, Ruan ZP, Wei YC, Jiang LL, Sun HF, Huang LX, Nan KJ, Li CL. Polycomb complex protein BMI-1 promotes invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer stem cells by activating PI3K/AKT signaling, an ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo study. Oncotarget 2017; 7:9586-99. [PMID: 26840020 PMCID: PMC4891062 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cell theory indicates cancer stem cells are the key to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. Studies showed that BMI-1 could promote self-renew, differentiation and tumor formation of CSCs and invasion/metastasis of human cancer. However, whether BMI-1 could regulate invasion and metastasis ability of CSCs is still unclear. In our study, we found that up-regulated expression of BMI-1 was associated with tumor invasion, metastasis and poor survival of pancreatic cancer patients. CD133+ cells were obtained by using magnetic cell sorting and identified of CSCs properties such as self-renew, multi-differentiation and tumor formation ability. Then, we found that BMI-1 expression was up-regulated in pancreatic cancer stem cells. Knockdown of BMI-1 expression attenuated invasion ability of pancreatic cancer stem cells in Transwell system and liver metastasis capacity in nude mice which were injected CSCs through the caudal vein. We are the first to reveal that BMI-1 could promote invasion and metastasis ability of pancreatic cancer stem cells. Finally, we identified that BMI-1 expression activating PI3K/AKT singing pathway by negative regulating PTEN was the main mechanism of promoting invasion and metastasis ability of pancreatic CSCs. In summary, our findings indicate that BMI-1 could be used as the therapeutic target to inhibiting CSCs-mediated pancreatic cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Cong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Jing
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tian
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-ping Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Chang Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Xuan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Jun Nan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Li Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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86
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Tanaka T, Atsumi N, Nakamura N, Yanai H, Komai Y, Omachi T, Tanaka K, Ishigaki K, Saiga K, Ohsugi H, Tokuyama Y, Imahashi Y, Hisha H, Yoshida N, Kumano K, Okazaki K, Ueno H. Bmi1-positive cells in the lingual epithelium could serve as cancer stem cells in tongue cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39386. [PMID: 28004815 PMCID: PMC5177893 DOI: 10.1038/srep39386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that the polycomb complex protein Bmi1 is a marker for lingual epithelial stem cells (LESCs), which are involved in the long-term maintenance of lingual epithelial tissue in the physiological state. However, the precise role of LESCs in generating tongue tumors and Bmi1-positive cell lineage dynamics in tongue cancers are unclear. Here, using a mouse model of chemically (4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide: 4-NQO) induced tongue cancer and the multicolor lineage tracing method, we found that each unit of the tumor was generated by a single cell and that the assembly of such cells formed a polyclonal tumor. Although many Bmi1-positive cells within the tongue cancer specimens failed to proliferate, some proliferated continuously and supplied tumor cells to the surrounding area. This process eventually led to the formation of areas derived from single cells after 1–3 months, as determined using the multicolor lineage tracing method, indicating that such cells could serve as cancer stem cells. These results indicate that LESCs could serve as the origin for tongue cancer and that cancer stem cells are present in tongue tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.,Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Naho Atsumi
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Naohiro Nakamura
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Yanai
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.,Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komai
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Taichi Omachi
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kiyomichi Tanaka
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ishigaki
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kazuho Saiga
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Ohsugi
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yoko Tokuyama
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yuki Imahashi
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hisha
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshida
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Keiki Kumano
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Okazaki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Hiroo Ueno
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
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87
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Matsumoto H, Munemori M, Shimizu K, Fujii N, Kobayashi K, Inoue R, Yamamoto Y, Nagao K, Matsuyama H. Risk stratification using Bmi-1 and Snail expression is a useful prognostic tool for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Int J Urol 2016; 23:1030-1037. [PMID: 27704680 DOI: 10.1111/iju.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the expression levels of E-cadherin, Snail, Twist and Bmi-1 in the human upper tract urothelial carcinoma, and to assess whether these factors could be prognostic markers. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was carried out to determine the expression of E-cadherin, Snail, Twist and Bmi-1 in upper tract urothelial carcinoma samples from 144 patients that underwent total nephroureterectomy between January 1995 and December 2010. The patient population had a median age of 71 years, and comprised 104 men and 40 women, with a median follow-up period of 40 months. The prognostic value of these markers was assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. A risk stratification analysis was carried out. RESULTS Snail and Bmi-1 expression predicted worse overall survival (P = 0.0075 and 0.0035), cancer-specific survival (P = 0.0919 and 0.0085) and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.0360 and 0.0817, respectively) compared with tumors that lacked Snail and Bmi-1 expression. Additionally, clinical parameters, grade, stage and lymphovascular invasion correlated with overall survival, cancer-specific survival and recurrence-free survival. Multivariate analysis showed that Bmi-1 expression was among the most significant factors in predicting cancer-specific survival (P = 0.0333). The combination of Snail, Bmi-1 and pathological stage was the most useful prognostic biomarker for upper tract urothelial carcinoma. CONCLUSION Risk stratification by epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell-regulated genes, such as Snail and Bmi-1, might be useful prognostic markers for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masaru Munemori
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kosuke Shimizu
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nakanori Fujii
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Keita Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagao
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hideyasu Matsuyama
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
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88
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Yoo YA, Roh M, Naseem AF, Lysy B, Desouki MM, Unno K, Abdulkadir SA. Bmi1 marks distinct castration-resistant luminal progenitor cells competent for prostate regeneration and tumour initiation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12943. [PMID: 27703144 PMCID: PMC5059479 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of defined cell populations with stem/progenitor properties is key for understanding prostate development and tumorigenesis. Here we show that the polycomb repressor protein Bmi1 marks a population of castration-resistant luminal epithelial cells enriched in the mouse proximal prostate. We employ lineage tracing to show that these castration-resistant Bmi1-expressing cells (or CARBs) are capable of tissue regeneration and self-renewal. Notably, CARBs are distinct from the previously described luminal castration-resistant Nkx3.1-expressing cells (CARNs). CARBs can serve as a prostate cancer cell-of-origin upon Pten deletion, yielding luminal prostate tumours. Clonal analysis using the R26R-confetti allele indicates preferential tumour initiation from CARBs localized to the proximal prostate. These studies identify Bmi1 as a marker for a distinct population of castration-resistant luminal epithelial cells enriched in the proximal prostate that can serve as a cell of origin for prostate cancer. The polycomb repressor protein Bmi1 has a role in self-renewal and tumorigenesis. Here, the authors use lineage tracing to show that Bmi-expressing cells are a distinct population of cells, primarily found in the luminal compartment, which is castration resistant, can initiate cancer and regenerate prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young A Yoo
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Meejeon Roh
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.,The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Anum F Naseem
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Barbara Lysy
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Mohamed M Desouki
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37215, USA
| | - Kenji Unno
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Sarki A Abdulkadir
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.,The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.,Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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89
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Wang X, Wang C, Zhang X, Hua R, Gan L, Huang M, Zhao L, Ni S, Guo W. Bmi-1 regulates stem cell-like properties of gastric cancer cells via modulating miRNAs. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:90. [PMID: 27644439 PMCID: PMC5029045 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background B cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi-1) plays an important role in regulating stemness in some kinds of cancer. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. This study was to investigate whether and how Bmi-1 regulates stemness of gastric cancer. Methods We firstly explored the role of Bmi-1 in regulating stem cell-like features in gastric cancer. Secondly, we screened out its downstream miRNAs and clarified whether these miRNAs are involved in the regulation of stemness. Finally, we investigated the mechanisms how Bmi-1 regulates miRNAs. Results Bmi-1 positively regulates stem cell-like properties of gastric cancer and upregulates miR-21 and miR-34a. There was a positive correlation between Bmi-1 and miR-21 expression in gastric cancer tissues. MiR-21 mediated the function of Bmi-1 in regulating stem cell-like properties, while miR-34a negatively regulates stem cell-like characteristics via downregulating Bmi-1. Bmi-1 binds to PTEN promoter and directly inhibits PTEN and thereafter activates AKT. Bmi-1 also regulates p53 and PTEN via miR-21. Bmi-1 activated NF-kB via AKT and enhanced the binding of NF-kB to the promoter of miR-21 and miR-34a and increased their expression. Conclusions Bmi-1 positively regulates stem cell-like properties via upregulating miR-21, and miR-34a negatively regulates stem cell-like characteristics by negative feedback regulation of Bmi-1 in gastric cancer. Bmi-1 upregulates miR-21 and miR-34a by activating AKT-NF-kB pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0323-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixi Hua
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujie Ni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijian Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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90
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Sobecka A, Barczak W, Suchorska WM. RNA interference in head and neck oncology. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3035-3040. [PMID: 27899959 PMCID: PMC5103899 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer worldwide. The treatment of choice in case of head and neck cancer is surgery, followed by chemo- or/and radiotherapy. A potentially effective instrument to improve the outcome of numerous diseases, including viral infections, diabetes and cancer, is RNA interference (RNAi). It has been demonstrated that small interfering RNA and microRNA molecules are strongly involved in the regulation of various different pathological processes in cancer development. RNAi has become a valuable research tool allowing a better understanding of the mechanisms regulating cancer pathogenesis. Considering those advantages over other current therapeutics (including specificity and high efficacy), RNAi appears to be a potentially useful tool in cancer treatment. The present review discusses the current knowledge about the possibility of using RNAi in HNSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sobecka
- Department of Medical Physics, Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Barczak
- Department of Medical Physics, Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-866 Poznan, Poland; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Maria Suchorska
- Department of Medical Physics, Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
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91
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Abstract
SUMMARYEpigenetic changes are present in all human cancers and are now known to cooperate with genetic alterations to drive the cancer phenotype. These changes involve DNA methylation, histone modifiers and readers, chromatin remodelers, microRNAs, and other components of chromatin. Cancer genetics and epigenetics are inextricably linked in generating the malignant phenotype; epigenetic changes can cause mutations in genes, and, conversely, mutations are frequently observed in genes that modify the epigenome. Epigenetic therapies, in which the goal is to reverse these changes, are now one standard of care for a preleukemic disorder and form of lymphoma. The application of epigenetic therapies in the treatment of solid tumors is also emerging as a viable therapeutic route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B Baylin
- Cancer Biology Program, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Peter A Jones
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
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92
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Bansal N, Bartucci M, Yusuff S, Davis S, Flaherty K, Huselid E, Patrizii M, Jones D, Cao L, Sydorenko N, Moon YC, Zhong H, Medina DJ, Kerrigan J, Stein MN, Kim IY, Davis TW, DiPaola RS, Bertino JR, Sabaawy HE. BMI-1 Targeting Interferes with Patient-Derived Tumor-Initiating Cell Survival and Tumor Growth in Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:6176-6191. [PMID: 27307599 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-3107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Current prostate cancer management calls for identifying novel and more effective therapies. Self-renewing tumor-initiating cells (TICs) hold intrinsic therapy resistance and account for tumor relapse and progression. As BMI-1 regulates stem cell self-renewal, impairing BMI-1 function for TIC-tailored therapies appears to be a promising approach. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We have previously developed a combined immunophenotypic and time-of-adherence assay to identify CD49bhiCD29hiCD44hi cells as human prostate TICs. We utilized this assay with patient-derived prostate cancer cells and xenograft models to characterize the effects of pharmacologic inhibitors of BMI-1. RESULTS We demonstrate that in cell lines and patient-derived TICs, BMI-1 expression is upregulated and associated with stem cell-like traits. From a screened library, we identified a number of post-transcriptional small molecules that target BMI-1 in prostate TICs. Pharmacologic inhibition of BMI-1 in patient-derived cells significantly decreased colony formation in vitro and attenuated tumor initiation in vivo, thereby functionally diminishing the frequency of TICs, particularly in cells resistant to proliferation- and androgen receptor-directed therapies, without toxic effects on normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our data offer a paradigm for targeting TICs and support the development of BMI-1-targeting therapy for a more effective prostate cancer treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6176-91. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu Bansal
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Monica Bartucci
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Shamila Yusuff
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Stephani Davis
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Kathleen Flaherty
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Eric Huselid
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Michele Patrizii
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Daniel Jones
- Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, RBHS-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Liangxian Cao
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Corporate CT, South Plainfield, NJ 07080
| | - Nadiya Sydorenko
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Corporate CT, South Plainfield, NJ 07080
| | - Young-Choon Moon
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Corporate CT, South Plainfield, NJ 07080
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Daniel J Medina
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - John Kerrigan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Mark N Stein
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Isaac Y Kim
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Department of Surgery, RBHS-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Thomas W Davis
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Corporate CT, South Plainfield, NJ 07080
| | - Robert S DiPaola
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Joseph R Bertino
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Hatem E Sabaawy
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, RBHS-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
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93
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Packer JR, Maitland NJ. The molecular and cellular origin of human prostate cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1238-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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94
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Yin Yang 1 is associated with cancer stem cell transcription factors (SOX2, OCT4, BMI1) and clinical implication. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:84. [PMID: 27225481 PMCID: PMC4881184 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is frequently overexpressed in cancerous tissues compared to normal tissues and has regulatory roles in cell proliferation, cell viability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis and drug/immune resistance. YY1 shares many properties with cancer stem cells (CSCs) that drive tumorigenesis, metastasis and drug resistance and are regulated by overexpression of certain transcription factors, including SOX2, OCT4 (POU5F1), BMI1 and NANOG. Based on these similarities, it was expected that YY1 expression would be associated with SOX2, OCT4, BMI1, and NANOG’s expressions and activities. Data mining from the proteomic tissue-based datasets from the Human Protein Atlas were used for protein expression patterns of YY1 and the four CSC markers in 17 types of cancer, including both solid and hematological malignancies. A close association was revealed between the frequency of expressions of YY1 and SOX2 as well as SOX2 and OCT4 in all cancers analyzed. Two types of dynamics were identified based on the nature of their association, namely, inverse or direct, between YY1 and SOX2. These two dynamics define distinctive patterns of BMI1 and OCT4 expressions. The relationship between YY1 and SOX2 expressions as well as the expressions of BMI1 and OCT4 resulted in the classification of four groups of cancers with distinct molecular signatures: 1) Prostate, lung, cervical, endometrial, ovarian and glioma cancers (YY1loSOX2hiBMI1hiOCT4hi) 2) Skin, testis and breast cancers (YY1hiSOX2loBMI1hiOCT4hi) 3) Liver, stomach, renal, pancreatic and urothelial cancers (YY1loSOX2loBMI1hiOCT4hi) and 4) Colorectal cancer, lymphoma and melanoma (YY1hiSOX2hiBMI1loOCT4hi). A regulatory loop is proposed consisting of the cross-talk between the NF-kB/PI3K/AKT pathways and the downstream inter-regulation of target gene products YY1, OCT4, SOX2 and BMI1.
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95
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Moreira D, Zhang Q, Hossain DMS, Nechaev S, Li H, Kowolik CM, D'Apuzzo M, Forman S, Jones J, Pal SK, Kortylewski M. TLR9 signaling through NF-κB/RELA and STAT3 promotes tumor-propagating potential of prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:17302-13. [PMID: 26046794 PMCID: PMC4627309 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer progression was associated with tumorigenic signaling activated by proinflammatory mediators. However, the etiology of these events remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that triggering of the innate immune receptor, Toll-like Receptor 9 (TLR9), in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells initiates signaling cascade leading to increased tumor growth and progression. Using limited dilution/serial transplantation experiments, we show that TLR9 is essential for prostate cancer cells' potential to propagate and self-renew in vivo. Furthermore, low expression or silencing of TLR9 limits the clonogenic potential and mesenchymal stem cell-like properties of LNCaP- and PC3-derived prostate cancer cell variants. Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of prostate cancer cells isolated from xenotransplanted TLR9-positive and -negative tumors revealed a unique gene expression signature, with prominent upregulation of inflammation- and stem cell-related markers. TLR9 signaling orchestrated expression of critical stem cell-related genes such as NKX3.1, KLF-4, BMI-1 and COL1A1, at both mRNA and protein levels. Our further analysis identified that TLR9-induced NF-κB/RELA and STAT3 transcription factors co-regulated NKX3.1 and KLF4 gene expression by directly binding to both promoters. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of using TLR9-targeted siRNA delivery to block RELA- and STAT3-dependent prostate cancer cell self-renewal in vivo. The intratumoral administration of CpG-RELAsiRNA or CpG-STAT3siRNA but not control conjugates inhibited growth of established prostate tumors and reduced clonogenic potential of cancer cells. Overcoming cancer cell self-renewal and tumor-propagating potential by targeted inhibition of TLR9 signaling can provide therapeutic strategy for late-stage prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayson Moreira
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapeutics & Tumor Immunology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Qifang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapeutics & Tumor Immunology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Dewan Md S Hossain
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapeutics & Tumor Immunology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sergey Nechaev
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapeutics & Tumor Immunology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.,Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Haiqing Li
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Claudia M Kowolik
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Massimo D'Apuzzo
- Department of Pathology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Stephen Forman
- Department of Hematologic Malignancies, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jeremy Jones
- Department of Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sumanta K Pal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Marcin Kortylewski
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapeutics & Tumor Immunology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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96
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Talati PG, Gu L, Ellsworth EM, Girondo MA, Trerotola M, Hoang DT, Leiby B, Dagvadorj A, McCue PA, Lallas CD, Trabulsi EJ, Gomella L, Aplin AE, Languino L, Fatatis A, Rui H, Nevalainen MT. Jak2-Stat5a/b Signaling Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem-Like Cell Properties in Prostate Cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 185:2505-22. [PMID: 26362718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Active Stat5a/b predicts early recurrence and disease-specific death in prostate cancer (PC), which both typically are caused by development of metastatic disease. Herein, we demonstrate that Stat5a/b induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of PC cells, as shown by Stat5a/b regulation of EMT marker expression (Twist1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, and fibronectin) in PC cell lines, xenograft tumors in vivo, and patient-derived PCs ex vivo using organ explant cultures. Jak2-Stat5a/b signaling induced functional end points of EMT as well, indicated by disruption of epithelial cell monolayers and increased migration and adhesion of PC cells to fibronectin. Knockdown of Twist1 suppressed Jak2-Stat5a/b-induced EMT properties of PC cells, which were rescued by re-introduction of Twist1, indicating that Twist1 mediates Stat5a/b-induced EMT in PC cells. While promoting EMT, Jak2-Stat5a/b signaling induced stem-like properties in PC cells, such as sphere formation and expression of cancer stem cell markers, including BMI1. Mechanistically, both Twist1 and BMI1 were critical for Stat5a/b induction of stem-like features, because genetic knockdown of Twist1 suppressed Stat5a/b-induced BMI1 expression and sphere formation in stem cell culture conditions, which were rescued by re-introduction of BMI1. By using human prolactin knock-in mice, we demonstrate that prolactin-Stat5a/b signaling promoted metastases formation of PC cells in vivo. In conclusion, our data support the concept that Jak2-Stat5a/b signaling promotes metastatic progression of PC by inducing EMT and stem cell properties in PC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja G Talati
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elyse M Ellsworth
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Melanie A Girondo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marco Trerotola
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David T Hoang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin Leiby
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ayush Dagvadorj
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter A McCue
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Costas D Lallas
- Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edouard J Trabulsi
- Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Leonard Gomella
- Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lucia Languino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alessandro Fatatis
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hallgeir Rui
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marja T Nevalainen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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97
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Dhar Dwivedi SK, Mustafi SB, Mangala LS, Jiang D, Pradeep S, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Ling H, Ivan C, Mukherjee P, Calin GA, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK, Bhattacharya R. Therapeutic evaluation of microRNA-15a and microRNA-16 in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:15093-104. [PMID: 26918603 PMCID: PMC4924772 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of chemo-resistant ovarian cancer (OvCa) remains clinically challenging and there is a pressing need to identify novel therapeutic strategies. Here we report that multiple mechanisms that promote OvCa progression and chemo-resistance could be inhibited by ectopic expression of miR-15a and miR-16. Significant correlations between low expression of miR-16, high expression of BMI1 and shortened overall survival (OS) were noted in high grade serous (HGS) OvCa patients upon analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Targeting BMI1, in vitro with either microRNA reduced clonal growth of OvCa cells. Additionally, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as expression of the cisplatin transporter ATP7B were inhibited by miR-15a and miR-16 resulting in decreased degradation of the extra-cellular matrix and enhanced sensitization of OvCa cells to cisplatin. Nanoliposomal delivery of the miR-15a and miR-16 combination, in a pre-clinical chemo-resistant orthotopic mouse model of OvCa, demonstrated striking reduction in tumor burden compared to cisplatin alone. Thus, with the advent of miR replacement therapy some of which are in Phase 2 clinical trials, miR-15a and miR-16 represent novel ammunition in the anti-OvCa arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Soumyajit Banerjee Mustafi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lingegowda S. Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dahai Jiang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui Ling
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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98
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Di Martino MT, Rossi M, Caracciolo D, Gullà A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Mir-221/222 are promising targets for innovative anticancer therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1099-108. [PMID: 26959615 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1164693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key non-coding RNA post-transcriptional regulators of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and are deeply dysregulated in human cancer. A rising body of evidence indicates that miRNAs represent valuable therapeutic targets. In this light, the cluster miR-221/222 are of particular relevance, given that they are strongly upregulated in a variety of solid and hematologic malignancies. AREA COVERED This review summarizes recent findings on the roles played by miR-221/222 in human cancer and their potential clinical value as promising targets for therapeutic studies. EXPERT OPINION The rising body of advanced preclinical evidence on the biological significance of miR-221/222 in a variety of malignancies indicates that they will play a crucial role in the future of innovative therapeutic strategies, both as validated biomarkers and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Di Martino
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Annamaria Gullà
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy.,b Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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Zhang R, Wu WR, Shi XD, Xu LB, Zhu MS, Zeng H, Liu C. Dysregulation of Bmi1 promotes malignant transformation of hepatic progenitor cells. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e203. [PMID: 26926789 PMCID: PMC5154353 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) are involved in a wide range of human liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Bmi1 has been reported to have vital roles in stem cell self-renewal and carcinogenesis. We have previously demonstrated that Bmi1 is upregulated in HCC with bile duct tumor thrombi, a subtype of HCC characterized by profuse expression of hepatic stem cell markers. However, the function of Bmi1 in HPCs has not yet been well elucidated. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of Bmi1 on the biological properties of rat HPCs. To accomplish this, Bmi1 was silenced or enhanced in two HPC cell lines (WB-F344 and OC3) by, respectively, using either small interfering RNA against Bmi1 or a forced Bmi1 expression retroviral vector. The biological functions of Bmi1 in HPCs were investigated through cell proliferation assays, colony-formation assays, cell cycle analysis and invasion assays, as well as through xenograft-formation assays. In this study, genetic depletion of Bmi1 repressed cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion in both assessed HPC cell lines relative to controls. Conversely, forced expression of Bmi1 in two HPCs cell lines promoted cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion in vitro. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) assay revealed a significant increase in the number of ALDH-positive cells following the forced expression of Bmi1 in HPCs. Most importantly, transplantation of forced Bmi1 expression HPCs into nude mice resulted in the formation of tumors with histological features of poorly differentiated HCC. Taken together, our findings indicate that forced expression of Bmi1 promotes the malignant transformation of HPCs, suggesting Bmi1 might be a potential molecular target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - W R Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X D Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - L B Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M S Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - C Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Lu X, Sun S, Qi J, Li W, Liu L, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhang S, Wang L, Miao D, Chai R, Li H. Bmi1 Regulates the Proliferation of Cochlear Supporting Cells Via the Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1326-1339. [PMID: 26843109 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9686-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cochlear supporting cells (SCs), which include the cochlear progenitor cells, have been shown to be a promising resource for hair cell (HC) regeneration, but the mechanisms underlying the initiation and regulation of postnatal cochlear SC proliferation are not yet fully understood. Bmi1 is a member of the Polycomb protein family and has been reported to regulate the proliferation of stem cells and progenitor cells in multiple organs. In this study, we investigated the role of Bmi1 in regulating SC and progenitor cell proliferation in neonatal mice cochleae. We first showed that knockout of Bmi1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of SCs and Lgr5-positive progenitor cells after neomycin injury in neonatal mice in vitro, and we then showed that Bmi1 deficiency significantly reduced the sphere-forming ability of the organ of Corti and Lgr5-positive progenitor cells in neonatal mice. These results suggested that Bmi1 is required for the initiation of SC and progenitor cell proliferation in neonatal mice. Next, we found that DKK1 expression was significantly upregulated, while beta-catenin and Lgr5 expression were significantly downregulated in neonatal Bmi1-/- mice compared to wild-type controls. The observation that Bmi1 knockout downregulates Wnt signaling provides compelling evidence that Bmi1 is required for the Wnt signaling pathway. Furthermore, the exogenous Wnt agonist BIO overcame the downregulation of SC proliferation in Bmi1-/- mice, suggesting that Bmi1 knockout might inhibit the proliferation of SCs via downregulation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Our findings demonstrate that Bmi1 plays an important role in regulating the proliferation of cochlear SCs and Lgr5-positive progenitor cells in neonatal mice through the Wnt signaling pathway, and this suggests that Bmi1 might be a new therapeutic target for HC regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Hearing Research Institute of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medicine Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shan Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Hearing Research Institute of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medicine Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Hearing Research Institute of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medicine Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Liman Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Hearing Research Institute of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medicine Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Hearing Research Institute of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medicine Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Hearing Research Institute of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medicine Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. .,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Hearing Research Institute of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medicine Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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