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Maurice NM, Sadikot RT. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Bacterial Infections. Pathogens 2023; 12:1005. [PMID: 37623965 PMCID: PMC10458073 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical in numerous cellular processes, including energy generation. Bacterial pathogens target host cell mitochondria through various mechanisms to disturb the host response and improve bacterial survival. We review recent advances in the understanding of how bacteria cause mitochondrial dysfunction through perturbations in mitochondrial cell-death pathways, energy production, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial quality control, DNA repair, and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. We also briefly highlight possible therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring the host mitochondrial function as a novel strategy to enhance the host response to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Maurice
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Ruxana T. Sadikot
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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52
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Lee DH. Obesity Paradox in Sepsis: Role of Adipose Tissue in Storing Mitochondrial Toxins. Crit Care Med 2023; 51:e172-e174. [PMID: 37439650 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Duk-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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53
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Ilamathi HS, Benhammouda S, Lounas A, Al-Naemi K, Desrochers-Goyette J, Lines MA, Richard FJ, Vogel J, Germain M. Contact sites between endoplasmic reticulum sheets and mitochondria regulate mitochondrial DNA replication and segregation. iScience 2023; 26:107180. [PMID: 37534187 PMCID: PMC10391914 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifaceted organelles crucial for cellular homeostasis that contain their own genome. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication is a spatially regulated process essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial function, its defect causing mitochondrial diseases. mtDNA replication occurs at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria contact sites and is affected by mitochondrial dynamics: The absence of mitochondrial fusion is associated with mtDNA depletion whereas loss of mitochondrial fission causes the aggregation of mtDNA within abnormal structures termed mitobulbs. Here, we show that contact sites between mitochondria and ER sheets, the ER structure associated with protein synthesis, regulate mtDNA replication and distribution within mitochondrial networks. DRP1 loss or mutation leads to modified ER sheets and alters the interaction between ER sheets and mitochondria, disrupting RRBP1-SYNJ2BP interaction. Importantly, mtDNA distribution and replication were rescued by promoting ER sheets-mitochondria contact sites. Our work identifies the role of ER sheet-mitochondria contact sites in regulating mtDNA replication and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema Saranya Ilamathi
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l’Université du Québec (RISUQ), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Benhammouda
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l’Université du Québec (RISUQ), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Amel Lounas
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de L’agriculture et de L’alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Khalid Al-Naemi
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Justine Desrochers-Goyette
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l’Université du Québec (RISUQ), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew A. Lines
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - François J. Richard
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de L’agriculture et de L’alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jackie Vogel
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Germain
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l’Université du Québec (RISUQ), Laval, QC, Canada
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54
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Choppa VSR, Kim WK. A Review on Pathophysiology, and Molecular Mechanisms of Bacterial Chondronecrosis and Osteomyelitis in Commercial Broilers. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1032. [PMID: 37509068 PMCID: PMC10377700 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern day broilers have a great genetic potential to gain heavy bodyweights with a huge metabolic demand prior to their fully mature ages. Moreover, this made the broilers prone to opportunistic pathogens which may enter the locomotory organs under stress causing bacterial chondronecrosis and osteomyelitis (BCO). Such pathogenic colonization is further accelerated by microfractures and clefts that are formed in the bones due to rapid growth rate of the broilers along with ischemia of blood vessels. Furthermore, there are several pathways which alter bone homeostasis like acute phase response, and intrinsic and extrinsic cell death pathways. In contrast, all the affected birds may not exhibit clinical lameness even with the presence of lameness associated factors causing infection. Although Staphylococcus, E. coli, and Enterococcus are considered as common bacterial pathogens involved in BCO, but there exist several other non-culturable bacteria. Any deviation from maintaining a homeostatic environment in the gut might lead to bacterial translocation through blood followed by proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in respective organs including bones. It is important to alleviate dysbiosis of the blood which is analogous to dysbiosis in the gut. This can be achieved by supplementing pro, pre, and synbiotics which helps in providing a eubiotic environment abating the bacterial translocation that was studied to the incidence of BCO. This review focused on potential and novel biomarkers, pathophysiological mechanism, the economic significance of BCO, immune mechanisms, and miscellaneous factors causing BCO. In addition, the role of gut microbiomes along with their diversity and cell culture models from compact bones of chicken in better understanding of BCO were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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55
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Stefano GB, Büttiker P, Weissenberger S, Esch T, Anders M, Raboch J, Kream RM, Ptacek R. Independent and sensory human mitochondrial functions reflecting symbiotic evolution. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1130197. [PMID: 37389212 PMCID: PMC10302212 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1130197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial origin of mitochondria has been a widely accepted as an event that occurred about 1.45 billion years ago and endowed cells with internal energy producing organelle. Thus, mitochondria have traditionally been viewed as subcellular organelle as any other - fully functionally dependent on the cell it is a part of. However, recent studies have given us evidence that mitochondria are more functionally independent than other organelles, as they can function outside the cells, engage in complex "social" interactions, and communicate with each other as well as other cellular components, bacteria and viruses. Furthermore, mitochondria move, assemble and organize upon sensing different environmental cues, using a process akin to bacterial quorum sensing. Therefore, taking all these lines of evidence into account we hypothesize that mitochondria need to be viewed and studied from a perspective of a more functionally independent entity. This view of mitochondria may lead to new insights into their biological function, and inform new strategies for treatment of disease associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B. Stefano
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pascal Büttiker
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Tobias Esch
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Martin Anders
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Raboch
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Richard M. Kream
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radek Ptacek
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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56
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Kumar M, Sharma S, Mazumder S. Role of UPR mt and mitochondrial dynamics in host immunity: it takes two to tango. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1135203. [PMID: 37260703 PMCID: PMC10227438 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1135203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system of a host contains a group of heterogeneous cells with the prime aim of restraining pathogenic infection and maintaining homeostasis. Recent reports have proved that the various subtypes of immune cells exploit distinct metabolic programs for their functioning. Mitochondria are central signaling organelles regulating a range of cellular activities including metabolic reprogramming and immune homeostasis which eventually decree the immunological fate of the host under pathogenic stress. Emerging evidence suggests that following bacterial infection, innate immune cells undergo profound metabolic switching to restrain and countervail the bacterial pathogens, promote inflammation and restore tissue homeostasis. On the other hand, bacterial pathogens affect mitochondrial structure and functions to evade host immunity and influence their intracellular survival. Mitochondria employ several mechanisms to overcome bacterial stress of which mitochondrial UPR (UPRmt) and mitochondrial dynamics are critical. This review discusses the latest advances in our understanding of the immune functions of mitochondria against bacterial infection, particularly the mechanisms of mitochondrial UPRmt and mitochondrial dynamics and their involvement in host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmohan Kumar
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shagun Sharma
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shibnath Mazumder
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Delhi, India
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57
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Sbai O, Bazzani V, Tapaswi S, McHale J, Vascotto C, Perrone L. Is Drp1 a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in Alzheimer's disease? Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1166879. [PMID: 37251647 PMCID: PMC10213291 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1166879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances highlight that inflammation is critical to Alzheimer Disease (AD) pathogenesis. Indeed, several diseases characterized by inflammation are considered risk factors for AD, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and traumatic brain injury. Moreover, allelic variations in genes involved in the inflammatory cascade are risk factors for AD. AD is also characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, which affects the energy homeostasis of the brain. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction has been characterized mostly in neuronal cells. However, recent data are demonstrating that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs also in inflammatory cells, promoting inflammation and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn induce neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarize the recent finding supporting the hypothesis of the inflammatory-amyloid cascade in AD. Moreover, we describe the recent data that demonstrate the link between altered mitochondrial dysfunction and the inflammatory cascade. We focus in summarizing the role of Drp1, which is involved in mitochondrial fission, showing that altered Drp1 activation affects the mitochondrial homeostasis and leads to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, promoting the inflammatory cascade, which in turn aggravates Amyloid beta (Ab) deposition and tau-induced neurodegeneration, showing the relevance of this pro-inflammatory pathway as an early event in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oualid Sbai
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT02, Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LTCII), Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Joshua McHale
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Vascotto
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- IMol Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lorena Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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58
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Marzoog TR, Jabir MS, Ibraheem S, Jawad SF, Hamzah SS, Sulaiman GM, Mohammed HA, Khan RA. Bacterial extracellular vesicles induced oxidative stress and mitophagy through mTOR pathways in colon cancer cells, HT-29: Implications for bioactivity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119486. [PMID: 37172765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial-extracellular-vesicles (BEVs) derived from Escherichia coli, strain-A5922, were used as a therapeutic tool to treat colon cancer cells, HT-29. BEVs induced oxidative stress, and observed mitochondrial autophagy, known as mitophagy, were crucial in initiation of treatment. The mitophagy, induced by the BEVs in HT-29 cells, produced adenocarcinomic cytotoxicity, and stopped the cells growth. The trigger for mitophagy, and an increase in productions of reactive oxygen species led to cellular oxidative stress, that eventually led to cells death. A reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and an increase in the PINK1 expressions confirmed the oxidative stress involvements. The BEVs triggered cytotoxicity, and mitophagy in the HT-29 carcinoid cells, channelized through the Akt/mTOR pathways connecting the cellular oxidative stress, effectively played its part to cause cells death. These findings substantiated the BEVs' potential as a plausible tool for treating, and possibly preventing the colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorria R Marzoog
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Majid S Jabir
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
| | - Sumayah Ibraheem
- Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sabrean F Jawad
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Sawsan S Hamzah
- Department of Dentistry, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ghassan M Sulaiman
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
| | - Hamdoon A Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riaz A Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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59
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Jiao Y, Yan Z, Yang A. Mitochondria in innate immunity signaling and its therapeutic implications in autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1160035. [PMID: 37122709 PMCID: PMC10130412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1160035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by vast alterations in immune responses, but the pathogenesis remains sophisticated and yet to be fully elucidated. Multiple mechanisms regulating cell differentiation, maturation, and death are critical, among which mitochondria-related cellular organelle functions have recently gained accumulating attention. Mitochondria, as a highly preserved organelle in eukaryotes, have crucial roles in the cellular response to both exogenous and endogenous stress beyond their fundamental functions in chemical energy conversion. In this review, we aim to summarize recent findings on the function of mitochondria in the innate immune response and its aberrancy in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc., mainly focusing on its direct impact on cellular metabolism and its machinery on regulating immune response signaling pathways. More importantly, we summarize the status quo of potential therapeutic targets found in the mitochondrial regulation in the setting of autoimmune diseases and wish to shed light on future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- 4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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60
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Nishida Y, Yagi H, Ota M, Tanaka A, Sato K, Inoue T, Yamada S, Arakawa N, Ishige T, Kobayashi Y, Arakawa H, Takizawa T. Oxidative stress induces MUC5AC expression through mitochondrial damage-dependent STING signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells. FASEB Bioadv 2023; 5:171-181. [PMID: 37020748 PMCID: PMC10068767 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2022-00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress increases the production of the predominant mucin MUC5AC in airway epithelial cells and is implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Oxidative stress impairs mitochondria, releasing mitochondrial DNA into the cytoplasm and inducing inflammation through the intracytoplasmic DNA sensor STING (stimulator of interferon genes). However, the role of innate immunity in mucin production remains unknown. We aimed to elucidate the role of innate immunity in mucin production in airway epithelial cells under oxidative stress. Human airway epithelial cell line (NCI-H292) and normal human bronchial epithelial cells were used to confirm MUC5AC expression levels by real-time PCR when stimulated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). MUC5AC transcriptional activity was increased and mitochondrial DNA was released into the cytosol by H2O2. Mitochondrial antioxidants were used to confirm the effects of mitochondrial oxidative stress where antioxidants inhibited the increase in MUC5AC transcriptional activity. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) or STING knockout (KO) cells were generated to investigate their involvement. H2O2-induced MUC5AC expression was suppressed in STING KO cells, but not in cGAS KO cells. The epidermal growth factor receptor was comparably expressed in STING KO and wild-type cells. Thus, mitochondria and STING play important roles in mucin production in response to oxidative stress in airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Nishida
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Hisako Yagi
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Masaya Ota
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
- Department of PediatricsNiigata University Graduate School of MedicineNiigataJapan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of Medical SciencesYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Koichiro Sato
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Takaharu Inoue
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Satoshi Yamada
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Naoya Arakawa
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Takashi Ishige
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Yasuko Kobayashi
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Hirokazu Arakawa
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
| | - Takumi Takizawa
- Department of PediatricsGunma University Graduate School of MedicineGunmaJapan
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61
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San-Millán I. The Key Role of Mitochondrial Function in Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040782. [PMID: 37107158 PMCID: PMC10135185 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of mitochondrial function in health and disease has become increasingly recognized, particularly in the last two decades. Mitochondrial dysfunction as well as disruptions of cellular bioenergetics have been shown to be ubiquitous in some of the most prevalent diseases in our society, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple diseases have yet to be elucidated, making it one of the most significant medical challenges in our history. However, the rapid advances in our knowledge of cellular metabolism coupled with the novel understanding at the molecular and genetic levels show tremendous promise to one day elucidate the mysteries of this ancient organelle in order to treat it therapeutically when needed. Mitochondrial DNA mutations, infections, aging, and a lack of physical activity have been identified to be major players in mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple diseases. This review examines the complexities of mitochondrial function, whose ancient incorporation into eukaryotic cells for energy purposes was key for the survival and creation of new species. Among these complexities, the tightly intertwined bioenergetics derived from the combustion of alimentary substrates and oxygen are necessary for cellular homeostasis, including the production of reactive oxygen species. This review discusses different etiological mechanisms by which mitochondria could become dysregulated, determining the fate of multiple tissues and organs and being a protagonist in the pathogenesis of many non-communicable diseases. Finally, physical activity is a canonical evolutionary characteristic of humans that remains embedded in our genes. The normalization of a lack of physical activity in our modern society has led to the perception that exercise is an "intervention". However, physical activity remains the modus vivendi engrained in our genes and being sedentary has been the real intervention and collateral effect of modern societies. It is well known that a lack of physical activity leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and, hence, it probably becomes a major etiological factor of many non-communicable diseases affecting modern societies. Since physical activity remains the only stimulus we know that can improve and maintain mitochondrial function, a significant emphasis on exercise promotion should be imperative in order to prevent multiple diseases. Finally, in populations with chronic diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction is involved, an individualized exercise prescription should be crucial for the "metabolic rehabilitation" of many patients. From lessons learned from elite athletes (the perfect human machines), it is possible to translate and apply multiple concepts to the betterment of populations with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo San-Millán
- Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80198, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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62
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Prem PN, Chellappan DR, Kurian GA. High-fat diet-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with loss of protection from ischemic preconditioning in renal ischemia reperfusion. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:637-653. [PMID: 36867229 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and the latter act as a critical factor in determining the severity of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in different cell types. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), a well-known protocol that render IR protection in kidney works via mitochondria. In the present study, we evaluated how HFD kidney with underlying mitochondrial changes respond to precondition protocol after IR induction. Wistar male rats were used in this study and were divided into two groups: SD (standard diet; n = 18) and HFD (high-fat diet; n = 18), which were further subdivided into sham, ischemia-reperfusion, and precondition groups at the end of the dietary regimen. Blood biochemistry, renal injury marker, creatinine clearance (CrCl), mitochondrial quality (fission, fusion, and phagy), mitochondrial function via ETC enzyme activities and respiration, and signalling pathway were analysed. Sixteen weeks of HFD administration to the rat deteriorated the renal mitochondrial health measured via 10% decline in mitochondrial respiration index ADP/O (in GM), reduced mitochondrial copy number (55%), biogenesis (56%), low bioenergetics potential (19% complex I + III and 15% complex II + III), increased oxidative stress, and reduced expression of mitochondrial fusion genes compared with SD rats. IR procedure in HFD rat kidney inflicted significant mitochondrial dysfunction and further deteriorated copy number along with impaired mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics. IPC could effectively ameliorate the renal ischemia injury in normal rat but failed to provide similar kind of protection in HFD rat kidney. Even though the IR-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in both normal and HFD rats were similar, the magnitude of overall dysfunction and corresponding renal injury and compromised physiology was high in HFD rats. This observation was further confirmed via in vitro protein translation assay in isolated mitochondria from normal and HFD rat kidney that showed significantly reduction in the response ability of mitochondria in HFD. In conclusion, the deteriorated mitochondrial function and its quality along with low mitochondrial copy number and downregulation of mitochondrial dynamic gene exhibited by HFD rat kidney augments the sensitivity of renal tissue towards the IR injury which leads to the compromised protective ability by ischemic preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka N Prem
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - David Raj Chellappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. .,Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India.
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63
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García-Rodríguez FJ, Buchrieser C, Escoll P. Legionella and mitochondria, an intriguing relationship. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 374:37-81. [PMID: 36858656 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, a severe pneumonia. L. pneumophila injects via a type-IV-secretion-system (T4SS) more than 300 bacterial proteins into macrophages, its main host cell in humans. Certain of these bacterial effectors target organelles in the infected cell and hijack multiple processes to facilitate all steps of the intracellular life cycle of this pathogen. In this review, we discuss the interplay between L. pneumophila, an intracellular bacterium fully armed with virulence tools, and mitochondria, the extraordinary eukaryotic organelles playing prominent roles in cellular bioenergetics, cell-autonomous immunity and cell death. We present and discuss key findings concerning the multiple interactions of L. pneumophila with mitochondria during infection and the mechanisms employed by T4SS effectors that target mitochondrial functions to subvert infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Buchrieser
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires and CNRS UMR 6047, Paris, France.
| | - Pedro Escoll
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires and CNRS UMR 6047, Paris, France.
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Rubio-Tomás T, Sotiriou A, Tavernarakis N. The interplay between selective types of (macro)autophagy: Mitophagy and xenophagy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 374:129-157. [PMID: 36858654 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a physiological response, activated by a myriad of endogenous and exogenous cues, including DNA damage, perturbation of proteostasis, depletion of nutrients or oxygen and pathogen infection. Upon sensing those stimuli, cells employ multiple non-selective and selective autophagy pathways to promote fitness and survival. Importantly, there are a variety of selective types of autophagy. In this review we will focus on autophagy of bacteria (xenophagy) and autophagy of mitochondria (mitophagy). We provide a brief introduction to bulk autophagy, as well as xenophagy and mitophagy, highlighting their common molecular factors. We also describe the role of xenophagy and mitophagy in the detection and elimination of pathogens by the immune system and the adaptive mechanisms that some pathogens have developed through evolution to escape the host autophagic response. Finally, we summarize the recent articles (from the last five years) linking bulk autophagy with xenophagy and/or mitophagy in the context on developmental biology, cancer and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Rubio-Tomás
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aggeliki Sotiriou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Division of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Division of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Role of mitochondria in regulating immune response during bacterial infection. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 374:159-200. [PMID: 36858655 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles of eukaryotes involved in energy production and fatty acid oxidation. Besides maintaining ATP production, calcium signaling, cellular apoptosis, and fatty acid synthesis, mitochondria are also known as the central hub of the immune system as it regulates the innate immune pathway during infection. Mitochondria mediated immune functions mainly involve regulation of reactive oxygen species production, inflammasome activation, cytokine secretion, and apoptosis of infected cells. Recent findings indicate that cellular mitochondria undergo constant biogenesis, fission, fusion and degradation, and these dynamics regulate cellular immuno-metabolism. Several intracellular pathogens target and modulate these normal functions of mitochondria to facilitate their own survival and growth. De-regulation of mitochondrial functions and dynamics favors bacterial infection and pathogens are able to protect themselves from mitochondria mediated immune responses. Here, we will discuss how mitochondria mediated anti-bacterial immune pathways help the host to evade pathogenic insult. In addition, examples of bacterial pathogens modulating mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics will also be elaborated. Study of these interactions between the mitochondria and bacterial pathogens during infection will lead to a better understanding of the mitochondrial metabolism pathways and dynamics important for the establishment of bacterial diseases. In conclusion, detailed studies on how mitochondria regulate the immune response during bacterial infection can open up new avenues to develop mitochondria centric anti-bacterial therapeutics.
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Effect of prebiotics administered during embryo development on mitochondria in intestinal and immune tissues of adult broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102663. [PMID: 37030257 PMCID: PMC10105484 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are the place of many metabolic processes and thus have a significant impact on the proper functioning of the organism. These organelles respond easily to environmental stimuli and cellular energy demands. To ensure the proper functioning of mitochondria, a high supply of specific nutrients is needed. Literature reports suggest that a favorable profile of the intestinal microbiota may improve the functioning of the mitochondria. The gut microbiota transmits a signal to the mitochondria of the mucosa cells. This signaling alters mitochondrial metabolism, activates cells of the immune system, and alters intestinal epithelial barrier functions. The aim of the study is to determine the relative number of mtDNA copies and to analyze the mitochondrial expression of genes related to respiratory chain proteins and energy metabolism in the intestinal mucosa and cecal tonsils of broiler chickens injected on the d 12 of egg incubation with various prebiotics. 300 incubated eggs of Ross 308 broiler chicken on d 12 of incubation were injected with: control group with physiological saline, prebiotics: XOS3, XOS4, MOS3, and MOS4. On d 42 after hatching, 8 individuals from each group were sacrificed. Cecal mucosa and cecal tonsils were collected postmortem for DNA and RNA isolation. Relative mitochondrial DNA copy number analysis was performed by qPCR method using 2 calculation methods. Gene expression analysis of the cecal tonsils and cecal mucosa was performed by RT-qPCR for the gene panel selected based on literature data and gene functions related to mitochondria: CS, EPX (MPO), CYCS, TFAM, NRF1, ND2, MnSOD (SOD2). As the results showed the overall mt DNA copy number is stable in both tissues. The significant change in gene expression in cecal mucosa was induced by XOS4 and MOS3. Both prebiotics caused upregulation of gene expression. In cecal tonsils all prebiotics caused downregulation of entire set of genes under the analysis. Statistically significant results of gene expression were detected for CYCS, ND2, NRF, TFAM for all experimental groups.
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Xie XQ, Yang Y, Wang Q, Liu HF, Fang XY, Li CL, Jiang YZ, Wang S, Zhao HY, Miao JY, Ding SS, Liu XD, Yao XH, Yang WT, Jiang J, Shao ZM, Jin G, Bian XW. Targeting ATAD3A-PINK1-mitophagy axis overcomes chemoimmunotherapy resistance by redirecting PD-L1 to mitochondria. Cell Res 2023; 33:215-228. [PMID: 36627348 PMCID: PMC9977947 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00766-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Only a small proportion of patients with triple-negative breast cancer benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in combination with chemotherapy. Here, we discovered that therapeutic response to ICI plus paclitaxel was associated with subcellular redistribution of PD-L1. In our immunotherapy cohort of ICI in combination with nab-paclitaxel, tumor samples from responders showed significant distribution of PD-L1 at mitochondria, while non-responders showed increased accumulation of PD-L1 on tumor cell membrane instead of mitochondria. Our results also revealed that the distribution pattern of PD-L1 was regulated by an ATAD3A-PINK1 axis. Mechanistically, PINK1 recruited PD-L1 to mitochondria for degradation via a mitophagy pathway. Importantly, paclitaxel increased ATAD3A expression to disrupt proteostasis of PD-L1 by restraining PINK1-dependent mitophagy. Clinically, patients with tumors exhibiting high expression of ATAD3A detected before the treatment with ICI in combination with paclitaxel had markedly shorter progression-free survival compared with those with ATAD3A-low tumors. Preclinical results further demonstrated that targeting ATAD3A reset a favorable antitumor immune microenvironment and increased the efficacy of combination therapy of ICI plus paclitaxel. In summary, our results indicate that ATAD3A serves not only as a resistant factor for the combination therapy of ICI plus paclitaxel through preventing PD-L1 mitochondrial distribution, but also as a promising target for increasing the therapeutic responses to chemoimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Xie
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao-Fei Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan-Yu Fang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng-Long Li
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Yu Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Ya Miao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Ding
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin-Dong Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Yao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Tao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Breast Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxiang Jin
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.
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Mitochondrial dynamics in macrophages: divide to conquer or unite to survive? Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:41-56. [PMID: 36815717 PMCID: PMC9988003 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria have long been appreciated as the metabolic hub of cells. Emerging evidence also posits these organelles as hubs for innate immune signalling and activation, particularly in macrophages. Macrophages are front-line cellular defenders against endogenous and exogenous threats in mammals. These cells use an array of receptors and downstream signalling molecules to respond to a diverse range of stimuli, with mitochondrial biology implicated in many of these responses. Mitochondria have the capacity to both divide through mitochondrial fission and coalesce through mitochondrial fusion. Mitochondrial dynamics, the balance between fission and fusion, regulate many cellular functions, including innate immune pathways in macrophages. In these cells, mitochondrial fission has primarily been associated with pro-inflammatory responses and metabolic adaptation, so can be considered as a combative strategy utilised by immune cells. In contrast, mitochondrial fusion has a more protective role in limiting cell death under conditions of nutrient starvation. Hence, fusion can be viewed as a cellular survival strategy. Here we broadly review the role of mitochondria in macrophage functions, with a focus on how regulated mitochondrial dynamics control different functional responses in these cells.
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Liu J, Tang M, Li Q, Li Q, Dai Y, Zhou H. ATG2B upregulated in LPS-stimulated BMSCs-derived exosomes attenuates septic liver injury by inhibiting macrophage STING signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109931. [PMID: 36857936 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Pretreated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes have shown great potential in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. Recent evidence suggests that macrophage stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signal activation plays a critical role in sepsis and septic liver injury. Here, we aimed to investigate the role and effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-pretreated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes (L-Exo) on macrophage STING signaling in septic liver injury. Exosomes were collected from the BMSCs medium via ultracentrifugation. Liver injury, intrahepatic inflammation, and the activation of macrophage STING signaling were analyzed. Mitophagy and the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol were investigated. Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, L-Exo could markedly attenuate cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic liver injury and inhibit macrophage STING signaling. Mechanistically, L-Exo inhibited macrophage STING signaling by enhancing mitophagy and inhibiting the release of mtDNA into the cytosol. Furthermore, autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B (ATG2B) may be a major factor involved in this effect of L-Exo. These findings reveal that macrophage STING signaling plays an important role in septic liver injury and may be a therapeutic target. In addition, LPS pretreatment is an effective and promising approach for optimizing the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs-derived exosomes in septic liver injury, providing new strategies for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qunchao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Haoquan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, Hefei, China.
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Liu C, Zhou S, Lai H, Shi L, Bai W, Li X. Protective effect of spore oil-functionalized nano-selenium system on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by regulating oxidative stress-mediated pathways and activating immune response. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:47. [PMID: 36759859 PMCID: PMC9912657 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice, cisplatin is the most commonly used chemotherapy drug to treat a range of malignancies. Severe ROS-regulated nephrotoxicity, however, restricts its applicability. Currently, the main mechanisms leading to cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in clinical settings involve hydration or diuresis. However, not all patients can be treated with massive hydration or diuretics. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a treatment modality that can effectively reduce nephrotoxicity through a foodborne route. Selenium has been reported to have strong antioxidant as well as anticancer effects when administered as spore oil. Herein, we established cellular and animal models of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and synthesized spore oil-functionalized nano-selenium (GLSO@SeNPs). We found that GLSO@SeNPs inhibit the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by maintaining oxidative homeostasis and regulating related signaling pathways (the MAPK, caspase, and AKT signaling pathways). In vivo, GLSO@SeNPs could effectively improve cisplatin-induced renal impairment, effectively maintaining oxidative homeostasis in renal tissues and thus inhibiting the process of renal injury. In addition, GLSO@SeNPs were converted into selenocysteine (SeCys2), which may exert protective effects. Furthermore, GLSO@SeNPs could effectively modulate the ratio of immune cells in kidneys and spleen, reducing the proportions of CD3+CD4+ T cells, CD3+CD8+ T cells, and M1 phenotype macrophages and increasing the proportion of anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells. In summary, in this study, we synthesized food-derived spore oil-functionalized nanomaterials, and we explored the mechanisms by which GLSO@SeNPs inhibit cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Our study provides a basis and rationale for the inhibition of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by food-derived nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Liu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China ,grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Molecular Rapid Detection for Food Safety, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sajin Zhou
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China ,grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Molecular Rapid Detection for Food Safety, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoqiang Lai
- grid.412601.00000 0004 1760 3828The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China ,grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China ,grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Molecular Rapid Detection for Food Safety, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weibin Bai
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China ,grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Molecular Rapid Detection for Food Safety, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Molecular Rapid Detection for Food Safety, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Collie S, Saggers RT, Bandini R, Steenkamp L, Champion J, Gray G, Bekker LG, Goga A, Garrett N, Patricios J. Association between regular physical activity and the protective effect of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in a South African case-control study. Br J Sports Med 2023; 57:205-211. [PMID: 36280289 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both vaccination and physical activity have been shown to independently decrease the likelihood of severe COVID-19 infection. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between regular physical activity and vaccination against COVID-19 among healthcare workers. METHODS A test negative case-control study design was used to estimate the risk of having an associated COVID-19-related hospital admission, among individuals who were unvaccinated compared with those who were fully vaccinated with Ad26.COV2.S (>28 days after a single dose). 196 444 participant tests were stratified into three measured physical activity subgroups with low, moderate and high activity, to test the hypothesis that physical activity is an effect modifier on the relationship between vaccination and hospitalisation. RESULTS Vaccine effectiveness against a COVID-19-related admission among vaccinated individuals within the low activity group was 60.0% (95% CI 39.0 to 73.8), 72.1% (95% CI 55.2 to 82.6) for the moderate activity group, and 85.8% (95% CI 74.1 to 92.2) for the high activity group. Compared with individuals with low activity levels, vaccinated individuals with moderate and high activity levels had a 1.4 (95% CI 1.36 to 1.51) and 2.8 (95% CI 2.35 to 3.35) times lower risk of COVID-19 admission, respectively (p value <0.001 for both groups). CONCLUSIONS Regular physical activity was associated with improved vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalisation, with higher levels of physical activity associated with greater vaccine effectiveness. Physical activity enhances vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 outcomes and should be encouraged by greater public health messaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Collie
- Healthcare Analytics, Discovery Health, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Robin Terence Saggers
- Wits Sport and Health (WiSH), School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Rossella Bandini
- PRINCE: Project to Improve Neonatal Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wits University, Johannesburg-Braamfontein, Gauteng, South Africa
| | | | - Jared Champion
- Healthcare Analytics, Discovery Health, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Glenda Gray
- COVID-19 Research Committee, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Linda-Gail Bekker
- Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Ameena Goga
- COVID-19 Research Committee, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nigel Garrett
- Centre for the Aids Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,School of Nursing and Public Health, Discipline of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Jon Patricios
- Wits Sport and Health (WiSH), School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
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Gvozdjáková A, Sumbalová Z, Kucharská J, Rausová Z, Kovalčíková E, Takácsová T, Navas P, López-Lluch G, Mojto V, Palacka P. Mountain spa rehabilitation improved health of patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome: pilot study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:14200-14211. [PMID: 36151435 PMCID: PMC9510276 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
European Association of Spa Rehabilitation (ESPA) recommends spa rehabilitation for patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. We tested the hypothesis that a high-altitude environment with clean air and targeted spa rehabilitation (MR - mountain spa rehabilitation) can contribute to the improving platelet mitochondrial bioenergetics, to accelerating patient health and to the reducing socioeconomic problems. Fifteen healthy volunteers and fourteen patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome were included in the study. All parameters were determined before MR (MR1) and 16-18 days after MR (MR2). Platelet mitochondrial respiration and OXPHOS were evaluated using high resolution respirometry method, coenzyme Q10 level was determined by HPLC, and concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as a parameter of lipid peroxidation was determined spectrophotometrically. This pilot study showed significant improvement of clinical symptoms, lungs function, and regeneration of reduced CI-linked platelet mitochondrial respiration after MR in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. High-altitude environment with spa rehabilitation can be recommended for the acceleration of recovery of patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gvozdjáková
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Sumbalová
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jarmila Kucharská
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Rausová
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Timea Takácsová
- Sanatorium of Dr. Guhr, 059 81 High Tatras, Tatranská, Polianka, Slovakia
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Viliam Mojto
- Faculty of Medicine and UNB, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Derer’s Hospital in Bratislava, Comenius University in Bratislava, Limbová 5, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Patrik Palacka
- Faculty of Medicine, 2nd Department of Oncology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Klenová 1, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Makinde E, Ma L, Mellick GD, Feng Y. Mitochondrial Modulators: The Defender. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020226. [PMID: 36830595 PMCID: PMC9953029 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are widely considered the "power hub" of the cell because of their pivotal roles in energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. However, beyond the production of ATP, which is the major source of chemical energy supply in eukaryotes, mitochondria are also central to calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance, and cell apoptosis. The mitochondria also perform crucial multifaceted roles in biosynthetic pathways, serving as an important source of building blocks for the biosynthesis of fatty acid, cholesterol, amino acid, glucose, and heme. Since mitochondria play multiple vital roles in the cell, it is not surprising that disruption of mitochondrial function has been linked to a myriad of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the key physiological and pathological functions of mitochondria and present bioactive compounds with protective effects on the mitochondria and their mechanisms of action. We highlight promising compounds and existing difficulties limiting the therapeutic use of these compounds and potential solutions. We also provide insights and perspectives into future research windows on mitochondrial modulators.
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HIV Replication Increases the Mitochondrial DNA Content of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031924. [PMID: 36768245 PMCID: PMC9916095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their cargo have been studied intensively as potential sources of biomarkers in HIV infection; however, their DNA content, particularly the mitochondrial portion (mtDNA), remains largely unexplored. It is well known that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART) lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced mtDNA copy in cells and tissues. Moreover, mtDNA is a well-known damage-associated molecular pattern molecule that could potentially contribute to increased immune activation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. We investigated the mtDNA content of large and small plasma EVs in persons living with HIV (PLWH) and its implications for viral replication, ART use, and immune status. Venous blood was collected from 196 PLWH, ART-treated or ART-naïve (66 with ongoing viral replication, ≥20 copies/mL), and from 53 HIV-negative persons, all recruited at five HIV testing or treatment centers in Burkina Faso. Large and small plasma EVs were purified and counted, and mtDNA level was measured by RT-qPCR. Regardless of HIV status, mtDNA was more abundant in large than small EVs. It was more abundant in EVs of viremic than aviremic and control participants and tended to be more abundant in participants treated with Tenofovir compared with Zidovudine. When ART treatment was longer than six months and viremia was undetectable, no variation in EV mtDNA content versus CD4 and CD8 count or CD4/CD8 ratio was observed. However, mtDNA in large and small EVs decreased with years of HIV infection and ART. Our results highlight the impact of viral replication and ART on large and small EVs' mtDNA content. The mechanisms underlying the differential incorporation of mtDNA into EVs and their effects on the surrounding cells warrant further investigation.
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75
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Wu Z, Berlemann LA, Bader V, Sehr DA, Dawin E, Covallero A, Meschede J, Angersbach L, Showkat C, Michaelis JB, Münch C, Rieger B, Namgaladze D, Herrera MG, Fiesel FC, Springer W, Mendes M, Stepien J, Barkovits K, Marcus K, Sickmann A, Dittmar G, Busch KB, Riedel D, Brini M, Tatzelt J, Cali T, Winklhofer KF. LUBAC assembles a ubiquitin signaling platform at mitochondria for signal amplification and transport of NF-κB to the nucleus. EMBO J 2022; 41:e112006. [PMID: 36398858 PMCID: PMC9753471 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are increasingly recognized as cellular hubs to orchestrate signaling pathways that regulate metabolism, redox homeostasis, and cell fate decisions. Recent research revealed a role of mitochondria also in innate immune signaling; however, the mechanisms of how mitochondria affect signal transduction are poorly understood. Here, we show that the NF-κB pathway activated by TNF employs mitochondria as a platform for signal amplification and shuttling of activated NF-κB to the nucleus. TNF treatment induces the recruitment of HOIP, the catalytic component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), and its substrate NEMO to the outer mitochondrial membrane, where M1- and K63-linked ubiquitin chains are generated. NF-κB is locally activated and transported to the nucleus by mitochondria, leading to an increase in mitochondria-nucleus contact sites in a HOIP-dependent manner. Notably, TNF-induced stabilization of the mitochondrial kinase PINK1 furthermore contributes to signal amplification by antagonizing the M1-ubiquitin-specific deubiquitinase OTULIN. Overall, our study reveals a role for mitochondria in amplifying TNF-mediated NF-κB activation, both serving as a signaling platform, as well as a transport mode for activated NF-κB to the nuclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiao Wu
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Lena A Berlemann
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Verian Bader
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
- Department Biochemistry of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Dominik A Sehr
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Eva Dawin
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
- Leibniz‐Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften—ISAS—e.VDortmundGermany
| | | | - Jens Meschede
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Lena Angersbach
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Cathrin Showkat
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Jonas B Michaelis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Christian Münch
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Bettina Rieger
- Institute for Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of BiologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Dmitry Namgaladze
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of MedicineGoethe‐University FrankfurtFrankfurtGermany
| | - Maria Georgina Herrera
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Fabienne C Fiesel
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFLUSA
- Neuroscience PhD ProgramMayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesJacksonvilleFLUSA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFLUSA
- Neuroscience PhD ProgramMayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesJacksonvilleFLUSA
| | - Marta Mendes
- Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthStrassenLuxembourg
| | - Jennifer Stepien
- Medizinisches Proteom‐CenterRuhr‐Universität BochumBochumGermany
- Medical Proteome Analysis, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI)Ruhr‐University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Katalin Barkovits
- Medizinisches Proteom‐CenterRuhr‐Universität BochumBochumGermany
- Medical Proteome Analysis, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI)Ruhr‐University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Katrin Marcus
- Medizinisches Proteom‐CenterRuhr‐Universität BochumBochumGermany
- Medical Proteome Analysis, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI)Ruhr‐University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz‐Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften—ISAS—e.VDortmundGermany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthStrassenLuxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Karin B Busch
- Institute for Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of BiologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Laboratory for Electron MicroscopyMax Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesGöttingenGermany
| | - Marisa Brini
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
- Centro Studi per la Neurodegenerazione (CESNE)University of PadovaPaduaItaly
| | - Jörg Tatzelt
- Department Biochemistry of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
- RESOLV Cluster of ExcellenceRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Tito Cali
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
- Centro Studi per la Neurodegenerazione (CESNE)University of PadovaPaduaItaly
- Padua Neuroscience Center (PNC)University of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - Konstanze F Winklhofer
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
- RESOLV Cluster of ExcellenceRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
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76
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Kumar M, Shelly A, Dahiya P, Ray A, Mazumder S. Aeromonas hydrophila inhibits autophagy triggering cytosolic translocation of mtDNA which activates the pro-apoptotic caspase-1/IL-1β-nitric oxide axis in headkidney macrophages. Virulence 2022; 13:60-76. [PMID: 34967692 PMCID: PMC9794009 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.2018767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying Aeromonas hydrophila-pathogenesis are not well understood. Using head kidney macrophages (HKM) of Clarias gariepinus, we previously reported the role of ER-stress in A. hydrophila-induced pathogenesis. Here, we report that PI3K/PLC-induced cytosolic-Ca2+ imbalance induces the expression of pro-apoptotic ER-stress marker, CHOP in A. hydrophila-infected HKM. CHOP promotes HKM apoptosis by inhibiting AKT activation and enhancing JNK signaling. Elevated mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) was recorded which declined significantly by ameliorating ER-stress and in the presence of ER-Ca2+ release modulators (2-APB and dantrolene) and mitochondrial-Ca2+ uptake inhibitor, Ru360, together suggesting the role of ER-mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics in mtROS generation. Inhibiting mtROS production reduced HKM death implicating the pro-apoptotic role of mtROS in A. hydrophila-pathogenesis. The expression of autophagic proteins (LC3B, beclin-1, and atg 5) was suppressed in the infected HKM. Our results with autophagy-inducer rapamycin demonstrated that impaired autophagy favored the cytosolic accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the process depended on mtROS levels. Enhanced caspase-1 activity and IL-1β production was detected and transfection studies coupled with pharmacological inhibitors implicated mtROS/mtDNA axis to be crucial for activating the caspase-1/IL-1β cascade in infected HKM. RNAi studies further suggested the involvement of IL-1β in generating pro-apoptotic NO in A. hydrophila-infected HKM. Our study suggests a novel role of ER-mitochondria cross-talk in regulating A. hydrophila pathogenesis. Based on our observations, we conclude that A. hydrophila induces ER-stress and inhibits mitophagy resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction which leads to mtROS production and translocation of mtDNA into cytosol triggering the activation of caspase-1/IL-1β-mediated NO production, culminating in HKM apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmohan Kumar
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Asha Shelly
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Dahiya
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Atish Ray
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shibnath Mazumder
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India,Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India,CONTACT Shibnath Mazumder Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
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77
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Purandare N, Kunji Y, Xi Y, Romero R, Gomez-Lopez N, Fribley A, Grossman LI, Aras S. Lipopolysaccharide induces placental mitochondrial dysfunction in murine and human systems by reducing MNRR1 levels via a TLR4-independent pathway. iScience 2022; 25:105342. [PMID: 36339251 PMCID: PMC9633742 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in placental growth and development, and mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with inflammation in pregnancy pathologies. However, the mechanisms whereby placental mitochondria sense inflammatory signals are unknown. Mitochondrial nuclear retrograde regulator 1 (MNRR1) is a bi-organellar protein responsible for mitochondrial function, including optimal induction of cellular stress-responsive signaling pathways. Here, in a lipopolysaccharide-induced model of systemic placental inflammation, we show that MNRR1 levels are reduced both in mouse placental tissues in vivo and in human trophoblastic cell lines in vitro. MNRR1 reduction is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, enhanced oxidative stress, and activation of pro-inflammatory signaling. Mechanistically, we uncover a non-conventional pathway independent of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) that results in ATM kinase-dependent threonine phosphorylation that stabilizes mitochondrial protease YME1L1, which targets MNRR1. Enhancing MNRR1 levels abrogates the bioenergetic defect and induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We therefore propose MNRR1 as an anti-inflammatory therapeutic in placental inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraja Purandare
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yusef Kunji
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yue Xi
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Andrew Fribley
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lawrence I. Grossman
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Siddhesh Aras
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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78
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Arumugam P, Chauhan M, Rajeev T, Chakraborty R, Bisht K, Madan M, Shankaran D, Ramalingam S, Gandotra S, Rao V. The mitochondrial gene-CMPK2 functions as a rheostat for macrophage homeostasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935710. [PMID: 36451821 PMCID: PMC9702992 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to their role in cellular energy production, mitochondria are increasingly recognized as regulators of the innate immune response of phagocytes. Here, we demonstrate that altering expression levels of the mitochondria-associated enzyme, cytidine monophosphate kinase 2 (CMPK2), disrupts mitochondrial physiology and significantly deregulates the resting immune homeostasis of macrophages. Both CMPK2 silenced and constitutively overexpressing macrophage lines portray mitochondrial stress with marked depolarization of their membrane potential, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and disturbed architecture culminating in the enhanced expression of the pro-inflammatory genes IL1β, TNFα, and IL8. Interestingly, the long-term modulation of CMPK2 expression resulted in an increased glycolytic flux of macrophages akin to the altered physiological state of activated M1 macrophages. While infection-induced inflammation for restricting pathogens is regulated, our observation of a total dysregulation of basal inflammation by bidirectional alteration of CMPK2 expression only highlights the critical role of this gene in mitochondria-mediated control of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Arumugam
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Meghna Chauhan
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Thejaswitha Rajeev
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Chakraborty
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanika Bisht
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mahima Madan
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Deepthi Shankaran
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sivaprakash Ramalingam
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sheetal Gandotra
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Vivek Rao
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
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79
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Falabella M, Minczuk M, Hanna MG, Viscomi C, Pitceathly RDS. Gene therapy for primary mitochondrial diseases: experimental advances and clinical challenges. Nat Rev Neurol 2022; 18:689-698. [PMID: 36257993 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The variable clinical and biochemical manifestations of primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs), and the complexity of mitochondrial genetics, have proven to be a substantial barrier to the development of effective disease-modifying therapies. Encouraging data from gene therapy trials in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and advances in DNA editing techniques have raised expectations that successful clinical transition of genetic therapies for PMDs is feasible. However, obstacles to the clinical application of genetic therapies in PMDs remain; the development of innovative, safe and effective genome editing technologies and vectors will be crucial to their future success and clinical approval. In this Perspective, we review progress towards the genetic treatment of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-related PMDs. We discuss advances in mitochondrial DNA editing technologies alongside the unique challenges to targeting mitochondrial genomes. Last, we consider ongoing trials and regulatory requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micol Falabella
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Michal Minczuk
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael G Hanna
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- NHS Highly Specialised Service for Rare Mitochondrial Disorders, Queen Square Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Carlo Viscomi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- CESNE - Center for the Study of Neurodegeneration, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Robert D S Pitceathly
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
- NHS Highly Specialised Service for Rare Mitochondrial Disorders, Queen Square Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
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80
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Sumbalová Z, Kucharská J, Rausová Z, Palacka P, Kovalčíková E, Takácsová T, Mojto V, Navas P, Lopéz-Lluch G, Gvozdjáková A. Reduced platelet mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in patients with post COVID-19 syndrome are regenerated after spa rehabilitation and targeted ubiquinol therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1016352. [PMID: 36339707 PMCID: PMC9634579 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1016352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
European Association of Spa Rehabilitation recommend spa rehabilitation for patients with post COVID-19 syndrome (post C-19). We studied effects of special mountain spa rehabilitation program and its combination with ubiquinol (reduced form of coenzyme Q10-CoQ10) supplementation on pulmonary function, clinical symptoms, endogenous CoQ10 levels, and platelet mitochondrial bioenergetics of patients with post C-19. 36 patients with post C-19 enrolled for rehabilitation in mountain spa resort and 15 healthy volunteers representing the control group were included in this study. 14 patients with post C-19 (MR group) were on mountain spa rehabilitation lasting 16-18 days, 22 patients (MRQ group) were supplemented with ubiquinol (2 × 100 mg/day) during the rehabilitation and additional 12-14 days at home. Clinical symptoms and functional capacity of the lungs were determined in the patients before and after the spa rehabilitation program. Platelet bioenergetics by high-resolution respirometry, plasma TBARS concentration, and CoQ10 concentration in blood, plasma and platelets were evaluated before and after the spa rehabilitation program, and in 8 patients of MRQ group also after additional 12-14 days of CoQ10 supplementation. Pulmonary function and clinical symptoms improved after the rehabilitation program in both groups, 51.8% of symptoms disappeared in the MR group and 62.8% in the MRQ group. Platelet mitochondrial Complex I (CI)-linked oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and electron transfer (ET) capacity were markedly reduced in both groups of patients. After the rehabilitation program the improvement of these parameters was significant in the MRQ group and moderate in the MR group. CI-linked OXPHOS and ET capacity increased further after additional 12-14 days of CoQ10 supplementation. CoQ10 concentration in platelets, blood and plasma markedly raised after the spa rehabilitation with ubiquinol supplementation, not in non-supplemented group. In the MRQ group all parameters of platelet mitochondrial respiration correlated with CoQ10 concentration in platelets, and the increase in CI-linked OXPHOS and ET capacity correlated with the increase of CoQ10 concentration in platelets. Our data show a significant role of supplemented ubiquinol in accelerating the recovery of mitochondrial health in patients with post C-19. Mountain spa rehabilitation with coenzyme Q10 supplementation could be recommended to patients with post C-19. This study was registered as a clinical trial: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05178225.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Sumbalová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jarmila Kucharská
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Rausová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Patrik Palacka
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, 2nd Department of Oncology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Viliam Mojto
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lopéz-Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Anna Gvozdjáková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
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81
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Liu Y, Zhou J, Zhang N, Wu X, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Li X, Tian Y. Two sensory neurons coordinate the systemic mitochondrial stress response via GPCR signaling in C. elegans. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2469-2482.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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82
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Wang J, Xu G, Ning Y, Wang X, Wang GL. Mitochondrial functions in plant immunity. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:1063-1076. [PMID: 35659746 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are energy factories of cells and are important for intracellular interactions with other organelles. Emerging evidence indicates that mitochondria play essential roles in the response to pathogen infection. During infection, pathogens deliver numerous enzymes and effectors into host cells, and some of these effectors target mitochondria, altering mitochondrial morphology, metabolism, and functions. To defend against pathogen attack, mitochondria are actively involved in changing intracellular metabolism, hormone-mediated signaling, and signal transduction, producing reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species and triggering programmed cell death. Additionally, mitochondria coordinate with other organelles to integrate and amplify diverse immune signals. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding how mitochondria function in plant immunity and how pathogens target mitochondria for host defense suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guojuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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83
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Sannigrahi MK, Rajagopalan P, Lai L, Liu X, Sahu V, Nakagawa H, Jalaly JB, Brody RM, Morgan IM, Windle BE, Wang X, Gimotty PA, Kelly DP, White EA, Basu D. HPV E6 regulates therapy responses in oropharyngeal cancer by repressing the PGC-1α/ERRα axis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:159600. [PMID: 36134662 PMCID: PMC9675449 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.159600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy with radiation plus cisplatin kills HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) by increasing reactive oxygen species beyond cellular antioxidant capacity. To explore why these standard treatments fail for some patients, we evaluated whether the variation in HPV oncoprotein levels among HPV+ OPSCCs affects mitochondrial metabolism, a source of antioxidant capacity. In cell line and patient-derived xenograft models, levels of HPV full-length E6 (fl-E6) inversely correlated with oxidative phosphorylation, antioxidant capacity, and therapy resistance, and fl-E6 was the only HPV oncoprotein to display such correlations. Ectopically expressing fl-E6 in models with low baseline levels reduced mitochondrial mass, depleted antioxidant capacity, and sensitized to therapy. In this setting, fl-E6 repressed the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1α/estrogen-related receptor α (PGC-1α/ERRα) pathway for mitochondrial biogenesis by reducing p53-dependent PGC-1α transcription. Concordant observations were made in 3 clinical cohorts, where expression of mitochondrial components was higher in tumors of patients with reduced survival. These tumors contained the lowest fl-E6 levels, the highest p53 target gene expression, and an activated PGC-1α/ERRα pathway. Our findings demonstrate that E6 can potentiate treatment responses by depleting mitochondrial antioxidant capacity and provide evidence for low E6 negatively affecting patient survival. E6's interaction with the PGC-1α/ERRα axis has implications for predicting and targeting treatment resistance in OPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ling Lai
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Varun Sahu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jalal B. Jalaly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert M. Brody
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery and
| | - Iain M. Morgan
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Bradford E. Windle
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Phyllis A. Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel P. Kelly
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Devraj Basu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery and
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84
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Lin C, Ou Q. Emerging role of mitochondria in response to
HBV
infection. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24704. [PMID: 36111656 PMCID: PMC9551126 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B is a major global health problem that potentially life‐threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which can lead to death due to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A considerable of research has demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction exists in patients with HBV infection, indicating that there is clinical relation between HBV infection and mitochondrial alterations. To explore the complex interplay between the functions of mitochondria and HBV infection in greater depth, we systematically summarized these mitochondrial alterations due to HBV infection in recent years. The liver is the central organ of metabolism that is a mitochondria‐rich tissue and represents strong defense and regeneration capabilities in the body. Infested cells and their microenvironment must upregulate energy production for proliferation, growth, and effector functions to restrain the damage imposed by HBV. The changes in metabolic pathways caused by HBV infection are nothing more than those in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Thus, this article brings into focus the effects of novel reprogramming of inner and outer mitochondria on HBV infection and then derives novel insights and new approaches for HBV diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caorui Lin
- Department of Laboratory MedicineGene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Qishui Ou
- Department of Laboratory MedicineGene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
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85
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Jiang C, Okazaki T. Control of mitochondrial dynamics and apoptotic pathways by peroxisomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:938177. [PMID: 36158224 PMCID: PMC9500405 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.938177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are organelles containing different enzymes that catalyze various metabolic pathways such as β-oxidation of very long-chain fatty acids and synthesis of plasmalogens. Peroxisome biogenesis is controlled by a family of proteins called peroxins, which are required for peroxisomal membrane formation, matrix protein transport, and division. Mutations of peroxins cause metabolic disorders called peroxisomal biogenesis disorders, among which Zellweger syndrome (ZS) is the most severe. Although patients with ZS exhibit severe pathology in multiple organs such as the liver, kidney, brain, muscle, and bone, the pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Recent findings indicate that peroxisomes regulate intrinsic apoptotic pathways and upstream fission-fusion processes, disruption of which causes multiple organ dysfunctions reminiscent of ZS. In this review, we summarize recent findings about peroxisome-mediated regulation of mitochondrial morphology and its possible relationship with the pathogenesis of ZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Jiang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Okazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tomohiko Okazaki,
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86
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Jesus K, Moita LF. Tetracyclines: four rings to rule infections through resistance and disease tolerance. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e162331. [PMID: 36047498 PMCID: PMC9433098 DOI: 10.1172/jci162331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several classes of antibiotics have long been known for protective properties that cannot be explained through their direct antimicrobial effects. However, the molecular bases of these beneficial roles have been elusive. In this issue of the JCI, Mottis et al. report that tetracyclines induced disease tolerance against influenza virus infection, expanding their protection potential beyond resistance and disease tolerance against bacterial infections. The authors dissociated tetracycline's disease-resistance properties from its disease-tolerance properties by identifying potent tetracycline derivatives with minimal antimicrobial activity but increased capacity to induce an adaptive mitochondrial stress response that initiated disease tolerance mechanisms. These findings have potential clinical applications in viral infections.
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87
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Beebout CJ, Robertson GL, Reinfeld BI, Blee AM, Morales GH, Brannon JR, Chazin WJ, Rathmell WK, Rathmell JC, Gama V, Hadjifrangiskou M. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli subverts mitochondrial metabolism to enable intracellular bacterial pathogenesis in urinary tract infection. Nat Microbiol 2022; 7:1348-1360. [PMID: 35995841 PMCID: PMC9756876 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections are among the most common human bacterial infections and place a significant burden on healthcare systems due to associated morbidity, cost and antibiotic use. Despite being a facultative anaerobe, uropathogenic Escherichia coli, the primary cause of urinary tract infections, requires aerobic respiration to establish infection in the bladder. Here, by combining bacterial genetics with cell culture and murine models of infection, we demonstrate that the widely conserved respiratory quinol oxidase cytochrome bd is required for intracellular infection of urothelial cells. Through a series of genetic, biochemical and functional assays, we show that intracellular oxygen scavenging by cytochrome bd alters mitochondrial physiology by reducing the efficiency of mitochondrial respiration, stabilizing the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF-1 and promoting a shift towards aerobic glycolysis. This bacterially induced rewiring of host metabolism antagonizes apoptosis, thereby protecting intracellular bacteria from urothelial cell exfoliation and preserving their replicative niche. These results reveal the metabolic basis for intracellular bacterial pathogenesis during urinary tract infection and identify subversion of mitochondrial metabolism as a bacterial strategy to facilitate persistence within the urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Beebout
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gabriella L Robertson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bradley I Reinfeld
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexandra M Blee
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Grace H Morales
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John R Brannon
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Walter J Chazin
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vivian Gama
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Maria Hadjifrangiskou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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88
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Dinarvand M, Koch FC, Al Mouiee D, Vuong K, Vijayan A, Tanzim AF, Azad AKM, Penesyan A, Castaño-Rodríguez N, Vafaee F. dRNASb: a systems biology approach to decipher dynamics of host-pathogen interactions using temporal dual RNA-seq data. Microb Genom 2022; 8. [PMID: 36136078 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection triggers a dynamic cascade of reciprocal events between host and pathogen wherein the host activates complex mechanisms to recognise and kill pathogens while the pathogen often adjusts its virulence and fitness to avoid eradication by the host. The interaction between the pathogen and the host results in large-scale changes in gene expression in both organisms. Dual RNA-seq, the simultaneous detection of host and pathogen transcripts, has become a leading approach to unravelling complex molecular interactions between the host and the pathogen and is particularly informative for intracellular organisms. The amount of in vitro and in vivo dual RNA-seq data is rapidly growing, which demands computational pipelines to effectively analyse such data. In particular, holistic, systems-level, and temporal analyses of dual RNA-seq data are essential to enable further insights into the host-pathogen transcriptional dynamics and potential interactions. Here, we developed an integrative network-driven bioinformatics pipeline, dRNASb, a systems biology-based computational pipeline to analyse temporal transcriptional clusters, incorporate molecular interaction networks (e.g. protein-protein interactions), identify topologically and functionally key transcripts in host and pathogen, and associate host and pathogen temporal transcriptome to decipher potential between-species interactions. The pipeline is applicable to various dual RNA-seq data from different species and experimental conditions. As a case study, we applied dRNASb to analyse temporal dual RNA-seq data of Salmonella-infected human cells, which enabled us to uncover genes contributing to the infection process and their potential functions and to identify putative associations between host and pathogen genes during infection. Overall, dRNASb has the potential to identify key genes involved in bacterial growth or host defence mechanisms for future uses as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Dinarvand
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Forrest C Koch
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Al Mouiee
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Data Science Hub, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kaylee Vuong
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Abhishek Vijayan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Afia Fariha Tanzim
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A K M Azad
- ProCan®, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Anahit Penesyan
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Vafaee
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Data Science Hub, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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89
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Mysiris DS, Vavougios GD, Karamichali E, Papoutsopoulou S, Stavrou VT, Papayianni E, Boutlas S, Mavridis T, Foka P, Zarogiannis SG, Gourgoulianis K, Xiromerisiou G. Post-COVID-19 Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis: The Exosomal Cargo Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9739. [PMID: 36077138 PMCID: PMC9456372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, globally. Dopaminergic neuron degeneration in substantia nigra pars compacta and aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein are the PD hallmarks, accompanied by motor and non-motor symptoms. Several viruses have been linked to the appearance of a post-infection parkinsonian phenotype. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has evolved from a novel pneumonia to a multifaceted syndrome with multiple clinical manifestations, among which neurological sequalae appear insidious and potentially long-lasting. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles bearing a complex cargo of active biomolecules and playing crucial roles in intercellular communication under pathophysiological conditions. Exosomes constitute a reliable route for misfolded protein transmission, contributing to PD pathogenesis and diagnosis. Herein, we summarize recent evidence suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection shares numerous clinical manifestations and inflammatory and molecular pathways with PD. We carry on hypothesizing that these similarities may be reflected in exosomal cargo modulated by the virus in correlation with disease severity. Travelling from the periphery to the brain, SARS-CoV-2-related exosomal cargo contains SARS-CoV-2 RNA, viral proteins, inflammatory mediators, and modified host proteins that could operate as promoters of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory cascades, potentially leading to a future parkinsonism and PD development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George D. Vavougios
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyprus, Lefkosia 1678, Cyprus
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Eirini Karamichali
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatia Papoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Thessaly, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios T. Stavrou
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Eirini Papayianni
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Stylianos Boutlas
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Theodoros Mavridis
- 1st Neurology Department, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Pelagia Foka
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gourgoulianis
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgia Xiromerisiou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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90
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de Souza FG, Cavalcante GC. Mitochondria in Mycobacterium Infection: From the Immune System to Mitochondrial Haplogroups. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179511. [PMID: 36076909 PMCID: PMC9455157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, mitochondria play key roles in the regulation of cellular functions, such as the regulation of the innate immune response and are targets of several pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Mycobacteria are intracellular pathogens that infect cells important to the immune system of organisms and target mitochondria to meet their energy demands. In this review, we discuss the main mechanisms by which mitochondria regulate the innate immune response of humans to mycobacterial infection, especially those that cause tuberculosis and leprosy. Notably, the importance of mitochondrial haplogroups and ancestry studies for mycobacterial diseases is also discussed.
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91
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Lin C, Chen W, Han Y, Sun Y, Zhao X, Yue Y, Li B, Fan W, Zhang T, Xiao L. PTEN-induced kinase 1 enhances the reparative effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells on mice with renal ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1650-1670. [PMID: 35962179 PMCID: PMC9515057 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common severe acute syndrome caused by multiple factors and is characterized by a rapid decline in renal function during a short period. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are effective in treating AKI. However, the mechanism of their beneficial effects remains unclear. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) may play an important role in kidney tissue repair. In this study, we explored the effect of PINK1 overexpression on enhancing BMSC-mediated repair of AKI. In this study, ischaemia/reperfusion-induced AKI (IRI-AKI) in mice and a hypoxia-reoxygenation model in cells were established, and the indices were examined by pathology and immunology experiments. After ischaemia/reperfusion, PINK1 overexpression reduced apoptosis in injured kidney tissue cell, decreased T lymphocyte infiltration, increased macrophage infiltration, and alleviated the inflammatory response. PINK1 relieved the stress response of BMSCs and renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs), reduced apoptosis, altered the release of inflammatory factors, and reduced the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In conclusion, BMSCs and RTECs undergo stress responses in response to hypoxia, inflammation and other conditions, and overexpressing PINK1 in BMSCs could enhance their ability to resist these stress reactions. Furthermore, PINK1 overexpression can regulate the distribution of immune cells and improve the inflammatory response. The regulation of mitochondrial autophagy during IRI-AKI maintains mitochondrial homeostasis and protects renal function. The results of this study provide new strategies and experimental evidence for BMSC-mediated repair of IRI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Lin
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yong Han
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhao
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China.,Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China.,Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Binyu Li
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Wenmei Fan
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China
| | | | - Li Xiao
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Immunology Regulatory, the 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 17 Heishan Hu road, Qinglongqiao street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100091, China.
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92
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Wang L, Yi J, Yin XY, Hou JX, Chen J, Xie B, Chen G, Wang QF, Wang LN, Wang XY, Sun J, Huo LM, Che TJ, Wei HL. Vacuolating Cytotoxin A Triggers Mitophagy in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Human Gastric Epithelium Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:881829. [PMID: 35912184 PMCID: PMC9329568 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.881829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-derived vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) causes damage to various organelles, including mitochondria, and induces autophagy and cell death. However, it is unknown whether VacA-induced mitochondrial damage can develop into mitophagy. In this study, we found that H. pylori, H. pylori culture filtrate (HPCF), and VacA could activate autophagy in a gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1). VacA-caused mitochondrial depolarization retards the import of PINK1 into the damaged mitochondria and evokes mitophagy. And, among mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified 25 mitochondrial proteins bound with VacA, Tom20, Tom40, and Tom70, TOM complexes responsible for PINK1 import, were further identified as having the ability to bind VacA in vitro using pull-down assay, co-immunoprecipitation, and protein–protein docking. Additionally, we found that the cell membrane protein STOM and the mitochondrial inner membrane protein PGAM5 also interacted with VacA. These findings suggest that VacA captured by STOM forms endosomes to enter cells and target mitochondria. Then, VacA is transported into the mitochondrial membrane space through the TOM complexes, and PGAM5 aids in inserting VacA into the inner mitochondrial membrane to destroy the membrane potential, which promotes PINK1 accumulation and Parkin recruitment to induce mitophagy. This study helps us understand VacA entering mitochondria to induce the mitophagy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qun-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Geriatrics Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei-Ming Huo
- Neurosurgery Department, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tuan-Jie Che
- Key Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Molecular Diagnosis of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Baiyuan Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tuan-Jie Che, ; Hu-Lai Wei,
| | - Hu-Lai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Molecular Diagnosis of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Baiyuan Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tuan-Jie Che, ; Hu-Lai Wei,
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93
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Zhao D, Du B, Xu J, Xie Q, Lu Z, Kang Y. Baicalin promotes antibacterial defenses by modulating mitochondrial function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 621:130-136. [PMID: 35820283 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural flavonoids, such as baicalin, have been extensively studied for their role in bacterial infection. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We demonstrated that baicalin coordinates mitochondrial function and dynamics to promote antibacterial response. Baicalin protected against Staphylococcus aureus infections and alleviates inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro. An increase in mitochondrial mass and elevated expression of factors regulating mitochondrial fission and fusion were observed in baicalin-treated macrophages. Baicalin induced Drp1-dependent biogenesis, which contributes to the generation of additional mitochondria. Baicalin improved the mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP levels, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production. Importantly, the inhibition of mitochondrial function by rotenone or MitoTEMPO suppressed the antimicrobial activity of baicalin in macrophages. We conclude that baicalin can regulate immune responses during S. aureus infection by improving mitochondrial function and dynamics, implying that it is a promising therapeutic agent for controlling infection and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjiu Zhao
- Hangzhou Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Binhao Du
- Hangzhou Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Jihao Xu
- Hangzhou Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Qinzi Xie
- Hangzhou Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Zhe Lu
- Hangzhou Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Yanhua Kang
- Hangzhou Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
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94
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Mottis A, Li TY, El Alam G, Rapin A, Katsyuba E, Liaskos D, D'Amico D, Harris NL, Grier MC, Mouchiroud L, Nelson ML, Auwerx J. Tetracycline-induced mitohormesis mediates disease tolerance against influenza. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:151540. [PMID: 35787521 PMCID: PMC9433105 DOI: 10.1172/jci151540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitohormesis defines the increase in fitness mediated by adaptive responses to mild mitochondrial stress. Tetracyclines inhibit not only bacterial but also mitochondrial translation, thus imposing a low level of mitochondrial stress on eukaryotic cells. We demonstrate in cell and germ-free mouse models that tetracyclines induce a mild adaptive mitochondrial stress response (MSR), involving both the ATF4-mediated integrative stress response and type I interferon (IFN) signaling. To overcome the interferences of tetracyclines with the host microbiome, we identify tetracycline derivatives that have minimal antimicrobial activity, yet retain full capacity to induce the MSR, such as the lead compound, 9-tert-butyl doxycycline (9-TB). The MSR induced by doxycycline (Dox) and 9-TB improves survival and disease tolerance against lethal influenza virus (IFV) infection when given preventively. 9-TB, unlike Dox, did not affect the gut microbiome and also showed encouraging results against IFV when given in a therapeutic setting. Tolerance to IFV infection is associated with the induction of genes involved in lung epithelial cell and cilia function, and with downregulation of inflammatory and immune gene sets in lungs, liver, and kidneys. Mitohormesis induced by non-antimicrobial tetracyclines and the ensuing IFN response may dampen excessive inflammation and tissue damage during viral infections, opening innovative therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Mottis
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Bioengineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Terytty Y Li
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Bioengineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gaby El Alam
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Bioengineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Rapin
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Bioengineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elena Katsyuba
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Bioengineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Liaskos
- EPFL Innovation Park, Nagi Bioscience SA, Ecublens, Switzerland
| | - Davide D'Amico
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Bioengineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicola L Harris
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark C Grier
- Echelon Biosciences, Inc., Salt Lake City, United States of America
| | | | - Mark L Nelson
- Echelon Biosciences, Inc., Salt Lake City, United States of America
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Bioengineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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95
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Schuster EM, Epple MW, Glaser KM, Mihlan M, Lucht K, Zimmermann JA, Bremser A, Polyzou A, Obier N, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Trompouki E, Ballabio A, Vogel J, Buescher JM, Westermann AJ, Rambold AS. TFEB induces mitochondrial itaconate synthesis to suppress bacterial growth in macrophages. Nat Metab 2022; 4:856-866. [PMID: 35864246 PMCID: PMC9314259 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00605-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Successful elimination of bacteria in phagocytes occurs in the phago-lysosomal system, but also depends on mitochondrial pathways. Yet, how these two organelle systems communicate is largely unknown. Here we identify the lysosomal biogenesis factor transcription factor EB (TFEB) as regulator for phago-lysosome-mitochondria crosstalk in macrophages. By combining cellular imaging and metabolic profiling, we find that TFEB activation, in response to bacterial stimuli, promotes the transcription of aconitate decarboxylase (Acod1, Irg1) and synthesis of its product itaconate, a mitochondrial metabolite with antimicrobial activity. Activation of the TFEB-Irg1-itaconate signalling axis reduces the survival of the intravacuolar pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. TFEB-driven itaconate is subsequently transferred via the Irg1-Rab32-BLOC3 system into the Salmonella-containing vacuole, thereby exposing the pathogen to elevated itaconate levels. By activating itaconate production, TFEB selectively restricts proliferating Salmonella, a bacterial subpopulation that normally escapes macrophage control, which contrasts TFEB's role in autophagy-mediated pathogen degradation. Together, our data define a TFEB-driven metabolic pathway between phago-lysosomes and mitochondria that restrains Salmonella Typhimurium burden in macrophages in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ev-Marie Schuster
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Immunobiology, Epigenetics and Metabolism (IMPRS-IEM), Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian W Epple
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Immunobiology, Epigenetics and Metabolism (IMPRS-IEM), Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina M Glaser
- International Max Planck Research School for Immunobiology, Epigenetics and Metabolism (IMPRS-IEM), Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Mihlan
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Lucht
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia A Zimmermann
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Immunobiology, Epigenetics and Metabolism (IMPRS-IEM), Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Bremser
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aikaterini Polyzou
- International Max Planck Research School for Immunobiology, Epigenetics and Metabolism (IMPRS-IEM), Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Obier
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Cabezas-Wallscheid
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eirini Trompouki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- IRCAN Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, INSERM Unité 1081, CNRS UMR 7284, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science and SSM School for Advanced Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jörg Vogel
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joerg M Buescher
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander J Westermann
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angelika S Rambold
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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96
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Bakalova R, Aoki I, Zhelev Z, Higashi T. Cellular redox imbalance on the crossroad between mitochondrial dysfunction, senescence, and proliferation. Redox Biol 2022; 53:102337. [PMID: 35584568 PMCID: PMC9119829 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that redox imbalance of NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH pairs due to impaired respiration may trigger two “hidden” metabolic pathways on the crossroad between mitochondrial dysfunction, senescence, and proliferation: “β-oxidation shuttle” and “hydride transfer complex (HTC) cycle”. The “β-oxidation shuttle” induces NAD+/NADH redox imbalance in mitochondria, while HTC cycle maintains the redox balance of cytosolic NAD+/NADH, increasing the redox disbalance of NADP+/NADPH. Senescence appears to depend on high cytoplasmic NADH but low NADPH, while proliferation depends on high cytoplasmic NAD+ and NADPH that are under mitochondrial control. Thus, activating or deactivating the HTC cycle can be crucial to cell fate – senescence or proliferation. These pathways are a source of enormous cataplerosis. They support the production of large amounts of NADPH and intermediates for lipid synthesis and membrane biogenesis, as well as for DNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Bakalova
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria & Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bugaria
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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97
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Jiao Y, Cao S, Zhang Y, Tan Y, Zhou Y, Wang T, You Y, Chen H, Ren Y, Yang R, Du Z. Yersinia pestis-Induced Mitophagy That Balances Mitochondrial Homeostasis and mROS-Mediated Bactericidal Activity. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0071822. [PMID: 35768946 PMCID: PMC9241946 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00718-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Manipulating mitochondrial homeostasis is essential for host defense against infection and pathogen survival in cells. This study reports for the first time that Y. pestis infection caused mitochondria damage that subsequently leads to the activation of Pink1/Parkin-independent mitophagy in macrophage, and the effector YopH from the type III secretion system was required for these effects. The generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) by damaged mitochondria enhances the antibacterial activity of macrophages against Y. pestis and promotes apoptosis of the infected cells. Therefore, Y. pestis-induced mitophagy was employed to eliminate dysfunctional mitochondria and relieve the mROS accumulation. This study reveals a novel role for YopH of Y. pestis in damaging host macrophage mitochondria during plague infection and underlines the vital role of mitophagy in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis by clearing bacteria-damaged mitochondria. The results show that mitophagy or mitochondrial fission manipulation could be used as a new strategy to treat plague. IMPORTANCE Y. pestis, the pathogen of plague, also known as the "Black Death," has caused millions of deaths throughout history. This study reports that Y. pestis infection induces mitochondrial fragmentation and abnormal mROS accumulation, and releases mitochondrial contents into the cytoplasm in macrophages. mROS promotes the antibacterial activity of macrophages against Y. pestis and increases apoptosis of the infected cells. PINK-Parkin-independent mitophagy is activated to balance mitochondrial homeostasis and mROS-induced bactericidal activity in Y. pestis-infected macrophages. These findings deepen the understanding of Y. pestis pathogenesis on mitochondria damage to disturb the host cellular immune elimination. Manipulating mitophagic activity or mitochondrial fission may be a novel therapeutic approach to treat plague.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yafang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang You
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zongmin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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98
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Vasconcellos AF, Melo RM, Mandacaru SC, de Oliveira LS, de Oliveira AS, Moraes ECDS, Trugilho MRDO, Ricart CAO, Báo SN, Resende RO, Charneau S. Aedes aegypti Aag-2 Cell Proteome Modulation in Response to Chikungunya Virus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:920425. [PMID: 35782121 PMCID: PMC9240781 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.920425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a single-stranded positive RNA virus that belongs to the genus Alphavirus and is transmitted to humans by infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus bites. In humans, CHIKV usually causes painful symptoms during acute and chronic stages of infection. Conversely, virus–vector interaction does not disturb the mosquito’s fitness, allowing a persistent infection. Herein, we studied CHIKV infection of Ae. aegypti Aag-2 cells (multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1) for 48 h through label-free quantitative proteomic analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM images showed a high load of intracellular viral cargo at 48 h postinfection (hpi), as well as an unusual elongated mitochondria morphology that might indicate a mitochondrial imbalance. Proteome analysis revealed 196 regulated protein groups upon infection, which are related to protein synthesis, energy metabolism, signaling pathways, and apoptosis. These Aag-2 proteins regulated during CHIKV infection might have roles in antiviral and/or proviral mechanisms and the balance between viral propagation and the survival of host cells, possibly leading to the persistent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fernanda Vasconcellos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Reynaldo Magalhães Melo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Samuel Coelho Mandacaru
- Laboratory of Toxinology and Center for Technological Development in Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Athos Silva de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos André Ornelas Ricart
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Sônia Nair Báo
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Renato Oliveira Resende
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Sébastien Charneau, ; Renato Oliveira Resende,
| | - Sébastien Charneau
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Sébastien Charneau, ; Renato Oliveira Resende,
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99
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Aghapour M, Tulen CBM, Abdi Sarabi M, Weinert S, Müsken M, Relja B, van Schooten FJ, Jeron A, Braun-Dullaeus R, Remels AH, Bruder D. Cigarette Smoke Extract Disturbs Mitochondria-Regulated Airway Epithelial Cell Responses to Pneumococci. Cells 2022; 11:1771. [PMID: 35681466 PMCID: PMC9179351 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial functionality is crucial for the execution of physiologic functions of metabolically active cells in the respiratory tract including airway epithelial cells (AECs). Cigarette smoke is known to impair mitochondrial function in AECs. However, the potential contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction in AECs to airway infection and airway epithelial barrier dysfunction is unknown. In this study, we used an in vitro model based on AECs exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) followed by an infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp). The levels of oxidative stress as an indicator of mitochondrial stress were quantified upon CSE and Sp treatment. In addition, expression of proteins associated with mitophagy, mitochondrial content, and biogenesis as well as mitochondrial fission and fusion was quantified. Transcriptional AEC profiling was performed to identify the potential changes in innate immune pathways and correlate them with indices of mitochondrial function. We observed that CSE exposure substantially altered mitochondrial function in AECs by suppressing mitochondrial complex protein levels, reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing mitochondrial stress and mitophagy. Moreover, CSE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction correlated with reduced enrichment of genes involved in apical junctions and innate immune responses to Sp, particularly type I interferon responses. Together, our results demonstrated that CSE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to impaired innate immune responses to Sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahyar Aghapour
- Infection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.A.); (A.J.)
- Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christy B. M. Tulen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (C.B.M.T.); (F.-J.v.S.); (A.H.R.)
| | - Mohsen Abdi Sarabi
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Angiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.A.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Sönke Weinert
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Angiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.A.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Mathias Müsken
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Frederik-Jan van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (C.B.M.T.); (F.-J.v.S.); (A.H.R.)
| | - Andreas Jeron
- Infection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.A.); (A.J.)
- Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Angiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.A.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Alexander H. Remels
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (C.B.M.T.); (F.-J.v.S.); (A.H.R.)
| | - Dunja Bruder
- Infection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (M.A.); (A.J.)
- Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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100
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Selective inhibition of miRNA processing by a herpesvirus-encoded miRNA. Nature 2022; 605:539-544. [PMID: 35508655 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Herpesviruses have mastered host cell modulation and immune evasion to augment productive infection, life-long latency and reactivation1,2. A long appreciated, yet undefined relationship exists between the lytic-latent switch and viral non-coding RNAs3,4. Here we identify viral microRNA (miRNA)-mediated inhibition of host miRNA processing as a cellular mechanism that human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) exploits to disrupt mitochondrial architecture, evade intrinsic host defences and drive the switch from latent to lytic virus infection. We demonstrate that virus-encoded miR-aU14 selectively inhibits the processing of multiple miR-30 family members by direct interaction with the respective primary (pri)-miRNA hairpin loops. Subsequent loss of miR-30 and activation of the miR-30-p53-DRP1 axis triggers a profound disruption of mitochondrial architecture. This impairs induction of type I interferons and is necessary for both productive infection and virus reactivation. Ectopic expression of miR-aU14 triggered virus reactivation from latency, identifying viral miR-aU14 as a readily druggable master regulator of the herpesvirus lytic-latent switch. Our results show that miRNA-mediated inhibition of miRNA processing represents a generalized cellular mechanism that can be exploited to selectively target individual members of miRNA families. We anticipate that targeting miR-aU14 will provide new therapeutic options for preventing herpesvirus reactivations in HHV-6-associated disorders.
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