51
|
Martinez-Ibeas AM, Munita MP, Lawlor K, Sekiya M, Mulcahy G, Sayers R. Rumen fluke in Irish sheep: prevalence, risk factors and molecular identification of two paramphistome species. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:143. [PMID: 27430977 PMCID: PMC4950795 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rumen flukes are trematode parasites found globally; in tropical and sub-tropical climates, infection can result in paramphistomosis, which can have a deleterious impact on livestock. In Europe, rumen fluke is not regarded as a clinically significant parasite, recently however, the prevalence of rumen fluke has sharply increased and several outbreaks of clinical paramphistomosis have been reported. Gaining a better understanding of rumen fluke transmission and identification of risk factors is crucial to improve the control of this parasitic disease. In this regard, a national prevalence study of rumen fluke infection and an investigation of associated risk factors were conducted in Irish sheep flocks between November 2014 and January 2015. In addition, a molecular identification of the rumen fluke species present in Ireland was carried out using an isolation method of individual eggs from faecal material coupled with a PCR. After the DNA extraction of 54 individual eggs, the nuclear fragment ITS-2 was amplified and sequenced using the same primers. RESULTS An apparent herd prevalence of 77.3 % was determined. Several risk factors were identified including type of pasture grazed, regional variation, and sharing of the paddocks with other livestock species. A novel relationship between the Suffolk breed and higher FEC was reported for the first time. The predominant rumen fluke species found was C. daubneyi. Nevertheless, P. leydeni was unexpectedly identified infecting sheep in Ireland for the first time. CONCLUSIONS An exceptionally high prevalence of rumen fluke among Irish sheep flocks has been highlighted in this study and a more thorough investigation is necessary to analyse its economic impact. The isolation of individual eggs coupled with the PCR technique used here has proven a reliable tool for discrimination of Paramphistomum spp. This technique may facilitate forthcoming studies of the effects of paramphistomosis on livestock production. The most noteworthy finding was the identification of P. leydeni affecting sheep in Ireland, however further studies are required to clarify its implications. Also, a significant relationship between Suffolk breed and a heavier infection was found, which can be used as a starting point for future research on control strategies of rumen fluke infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Martinez-Ibeas
- Animal and Biosciences Department, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
| | - Maria Pia Munita
- Animal and Biosciences Department, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Kim Lawlor
- School of Veterinary Medicine UCD, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Sekiya
- School of Veterinary Medicine UCD, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grace Mulcahy
- School of Veterinary Medicine UCD, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Riona Sayers
- Animal and Biosciences Department, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Cauquil L, Hüe T, Hurlin JC, Mitchell G, Searle K, Skuce P, Zadoks R. Prevalence and Sequence-Based Identity of Rumen Fluke in Cattle and Deer in New Caledonia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152603. [PMID: 27043709 PMCID: PMC4820108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An abattoir survey was performed in the French Melanesian archipelago of New Caledonia to determine the prevalence of paramphistomes in cattle and deer and to generate material for molecular typing at species and subspecies level. Prevalence in adult cattle was high at animal level (70% of 387 adult cattle) and batch level (81%). Prevalence was lower in calves at both levels (33% of 484 calves, 51% at batch level). Animals from 2 of 7 deer farms were positive for rumen fluke, with animal-level prevalence of 41.4% (29/70) and 47.1% (33/70), respectively. Using ITS-2 sequencing, 3 species of paramphistomes were identified, i.e. Calicophoron calicophorum, Fischoederius elongatus and Orthocoelium streptocoelium. All three species were detected in cattle as well as deer, suggesting the possibility of rumen fluke transmission between the two host species. Based on heterogeneity in ITS-2 sequences, the C. calicophorum population comprises two clades, both of which occur in cattle as well as deer. The results suggest two distinct routes of rumen fluke introduction into this area. This approach has wider applicability for investigations of the origin of rumen fluke infections and for the possibility of parasite transmission at the livestock-wildlife interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cauquil
- Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien, Connaissance et amélioration des agrosystèmes, Laboratoire de Parasitologie, BP 73, 98890, Païta, Nouvelle Calédonie
| | - Thomas Hüe
- Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien, Connaissance et amélioration des agrosystèmes, Laboratoire de Parasitologie, BP 73, 98890, Païta, Nouvelle Calédonie
| | - Jean-Claude Hurlin
- Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien, Connaissance et amélioration des agrosystèmes, Laboratoire de Parasitologie, BP 73, 98890, Païta, Nouvelle Calédonie
| | - Gillian Mitchell
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Searle
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Skuce
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Ruth Zadoks
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Sargison N, Francis E, Davison C, Bronsvoort BMD, Handel I, Mazeri S. Observations on the biology, epidemiology and economic relevance of rumen flukes (Paramphistomidae) in cattle kept in a temperate environment. Vet Parasitol 2016; 219:7-16. [PMID: 26921033 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There is concern about the probable recent introduction, increased prevalence and potential economic impact of rumen fluke infection of United Kingdom cattle. A study of 339 cattle slaughtered in a Scottish red meat abattoir was undertaken with the aims of describing the prevalence and geographical distribution of rumen fluke infection, estimating its effect on production, and evaluating faecal egg counts (FECs) as a tool to diagnose infection in live animals and study the epidemiology of the disease. The overall proportion of cattle consigned to the abattoir from northern United Kingdom with rumen fluke infection in the forestomachs was 0.29. Rumen flukes were distributed predominantly in the cranial sac of the rumen and adjacent to the reticular groove. Overall, a mean of 213 and median of 44 rumen flukes was identified in the forestomachs of rumen fluke-positive cattle. The mean and median FECs of animals were 26.01 and 5.20 eggs per gram (epg), respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean FECs per rumen fluke of 0.08 and 0.13 epg during summer/autumn and winter sampling periods, respectively. The overall correlation between rumen fluke FECs and the number of flukes in the forestomach was high, albeit lower in the summer/autumn than in the winter period. The sensitivities of rumen fluke FECs for the identification of flukes in the forestomach during the summer/autumn and winter sampling periods were 0.65 and 0.85, respectively. These results will aid in the interpretation of rumen fluke FECs when monitoring cattle health and production and studying the parasite's epidemiology in a temperate environment, thereby informing rational, precise and sustainable disease control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Sargison
- University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Francis
- University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Davison
- University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ian Handel
- University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, United Kingdom
| | - Stella Mazeri
- University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, United Kingdom; University of Edinburgh, Roslin Institute, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Sanna G, Varcasia A, Serra S, Salis F, Sanabria R, Pipia AP, Dore F, Scala A. Calicophoron daubneyi in sheep and cattle of Sardinia, Italy. Helminthologia 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/helmin-2015-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of paramphistomosis and confirm the species identity of rumen flukes from sheep and cattle of Sardinia (Italy), by molecular methods. From 2011 to 2014, 381 sheep and 59 cattle farms were selected and individual faecal samples were run on 15 sheep and 5 cattle for each farm, respectively. The prevalence at the slaughterhouse was calculated by examination of 356 sheep and 505 cattle. 13adult flukes collected from sheep and cattle and 5 belonging to the historical collection of Laboratory of Parasitology at the Department of Veterinary Medicine of Sassari, previously classified as Paramphistomum spp., were used for PCR amplification and sequencing of the ITS2+ rDNA. Previously classified Paramphistomum leydeni from South America were used as controls.
The EPG prevalence was 13.9 % and 55.9 % for sheep and cattle farms respectively. At slaughterhouses, paramphistomes were found in 2 % of the sheep and 10.9 % of the examined cows. Conversely to the latest reports, the sequences comparison showed that all the Sardinian rumen flukes belong to Calicophoron daubneyi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. Sanna
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary Department, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - A. Varcasia
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary Department, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - S. Serra
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary Department, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - F. Salis
- Veterinary Practitioner, Martini Zootecnica, Italy
| | - R. Sanabria
- Veterinary Faculty, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentine. National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentine
| | - A. P. Pipia
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary Department, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - F. Dore
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary Department, University of Sassari, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Toolan DP, Mitchell G, Searle K, Sheehan M, Skuce PJ, Zadoks RN. Bovine and ovine rumen fluke in Ireland—Prevalence, risk factors and species identity based on passive veterinary surveillance and abattoir findings. Vet Parasitol 2015; 212:168-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|