51
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Hamzah J, Altin JG, Herringson T, Parish CR, Hämmerling GJ, O'Donoghue H, Ganss R. Targeted liposomal delivery of TLR9 ligands activates spontaneous antitumor immunity in an autochthonous cancer model. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:1091-8. [PMID: 19561111 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accessibility of tumors for highly effective local treatment represents a major challenge for anticancer therapy. Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) with CpG motifs are ligands of TLR9, which prime spontaneous antitumor immunity, but are less effective when applied systemically. We therefore developed a liposome-based agent for selective delivery of CpG-ODN into the tumor environment. A peptide that specifically targets angiogenic endothelial cells in a transgenic tumor model for islet cell carcinogenesis was engrafted into CpG-ODN containing liposomes. Intravenous injection of these liposomes resulted in specific accumulation around tumor vessels, increased uptake by tumor-resident macrophages, and retention over time. In contrast, nontargeted liposomes did not localize to the tumor vasculature. Consequently, only vascular targeting of CpG-ODN liposomes provoked a marked inflammatory response at vessel walls with enhanced CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell infiltration and, importantly, activation of spontaneous, tumor-specific cytotoxicity. In a therapeutic setting, 40% of tumor-bearing, transgenic mice survived beyond week 45 after systemic administration of vascular-directed CpG-ODN liposomes. In contrast, control mice survived up to 30 wk. Therapeutic efficacy was further improved by increasing the frequency of tumor-specific effector cells through adoptive transfers. NK cells and CD8(+) T cells were major effectors which induced tumor cell death and acted in conjunction with antivascular effects. Thus, tumor homing with CpG-ODN-loaded liposomes is as potent as direct injection of free CpG-ODN and has the potential to overcome some major limitations of conventional CpG-ODN monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Hamzah
- Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
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52
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Said Hassane F, Phalipon A, Tanguy M, Guerreiro C, Bélot F, Frisch B, Mulard LA, Schuber F. Rational design and immunogenicity of liposome-based diepitope constructs: application to synthetic oligosaccharides mimicking the Shigella flexneri 2a O-antigen. Vaccine 2009; 27:5419-26. [PMID: 19559116 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have designed chemically defined diepitope constructs consisting of liposomes displaying at their surface synthetic oligosaccharides mimicking the O-antigen of the Shigella flexneri 2a lipopolysaccharide (B-cell epitope) and influenza hemagglutinin peptide HA 307-319 (Th epitope). Using well controlled and high-yielding covalent bioconjugation reactions, the two structurally independent epitopes were coupled to the lipopeptide Pam(3)CAG, i.e. a TLR2 ligand known for its adjuvant properties, anchored in preformed vesicles. The synthetic construct containing a pentadecasaccharide corresponding to three O-antigen repeating units triggered T-dependent anti-oligosaccharide and anti-S. flexneri 2a LPS antibody responses when administered i.m. to BALB/c mice. Moreover, the long-lasting anti-LPS antibody response afforded protection against a S. flexneri 2a challenge. These results show that liposome diepitope constructs could be attractive alternatives in the development of synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatouma Said Hassane
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS - UMR 7199, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
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53
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Fairman J, Moore J, Lemieux M, Van Rompay K, Geng Y, Warner J, Abel K. Enhanced in vivo immunogenicity of SIV vaccine candidates with cationic liposome-DNA complexes in a rhesus macaque pilot study. HUMAN VACCINES 2009; 5:141-50. [PMID: 18690014 DOI: 10.4161/hv.5.3.6589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This pilot study tested the immunogenicity of a novel cationic liposome-DNA complex (CLDC) immunomodulatory vaccine adjuvant. Combined with a specific antigen, CLDC enhanced anti-SIV immune responses induced by various SIV vaccine candidates. Rhesus macaques immunized in the presence of CLDC developed stronger SIV-specific T and B cell responses compared to animals immunized without CLDC. These differences persisted and resulted in better memory responses after an in vivo boost of the animals several months later with whole AT-2 inactivated SIVmac239. Thus, CLDC should be explored further as a potential immunomodulatory adjuvant in HIV vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Fairman
- Juvaris BioTherapeutics, Inc., Burlingame, CA, USA
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54
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Espuelas S, Thumann C, Heurtault B, Schuber F, Frisch B. Influence of ligand valency on the targeting of immature human dendritic cells by mannosylated liposomes. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 19:2385-93. [PMID: 19053315 DOI: 10.1021/bc8002524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An important challenge for the development of new generations of vaccines is the efficient delivery of antigens to antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells. In the present study we compare the interaction of plain and targeted liposomes, containing mono-, di-, and tetraantennary mannosyl lipid derivatives, with human monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells (iDCs). Whereas efficient mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis by iDCs was observed for the mannosylated liposomes, in contrast, only nonspecific interaction with little uptake was observed with plain liposomes. In accordance with the clustering effect, liposomes prepared with multibranched mannosylated lipids displayed higher binding affinity for the mannose receptor than vesicles containing the monomannosylated analogs. Importantly, we have found that dimannosylated ligands present at the surface of the liposomes were as efficient as tetramannosylated ones to engage in multidentate interactions with the mannose receptor of iDCs, resulting in both cases in an effective uptake/endocytosis. This result will greatly facilitate, from a practical standpoint, the design of mannose-targeted vaccination constructs. Moreover, we showed that mannose-mediated uptake of liposomes did not result in an activation of iDCs. Altogether, our results suggest that antigen-associated targeted liposomes containing diantennary mannosylated lipids could be effective vectors for vaccines when combined with additional DC activation signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Socorro Espuelas
- Institut Gilbert Laustriat, UMR 7175-LC01 CNRS/Universite Louis Pasteur, Departement de Chimie Bioorganique, Laboratoire de Chimie Enzymatique et Vectorisation, Faculte de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch, France
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55
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Bonacucina G, Cespi M, Misici-Falzi M, Palmieri GF. Colloidal soft matter as drug delivery system. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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56
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Heurtault B, Gentine P, Thomann JS, Baehr C, Frisch B, Pons F. Design of a liposomal candidate vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its evaluation in triggering systemic and lung mucosal immunity. Pharm Res 2008; 26:276-85. [PMID: 18781377 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To design and evaluate liposomal constructs capable of inducing a potent systemic and airway humoral response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa METHODS Liposomes contained a peptide derived from P. aeruginosa pilin protein as B epitope, a peptide derived from Influenza hemagglutinin protein as Th epitope, the TLR agonist Pam3CAG or Pam2CAG as adjuvant, and a mannosylated lipid as dendritic cell targeting agent. These constructions were administered to mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) or intranasally (i.n.). Their immunogenicity was evaluated by measuring B epitope-specific immunoglobulins in the serum and the airways by ELISA. RESULTS The B epitope, in its native form or after substitution of a cysteine by a serine, induced high systemic IgG titers when formulated in the presence of Pam3CAG or Pam2CAG and administered i.p.. No IgA response was observed in the airways upon injection of candidate vaccines by i.p. route, whatever the B epitope or the adjuvant. However, i.n. vaccination resulted in a significant local production of IgA. Finally, the production of IgG was more rapid when mannose was incorporated. CONCLUSIONS All liposomal candidate vaccines tested induced the production of IgG and/or IgA directed against an immunogenic peptide from P. aeruginosa. Liposomal constructs could be attractive in the vaccination against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Heurtault
- Laboratoire de Chimie Enzymatique et Vectorisation, Université Louis Pasteur, Institut Gilbert Laustriat, CNRS-UMR 7175, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, BP 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France.
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Abe Y, Kuroda Y, Kuboki N, Matsushita M, Yokoyama N, Kojima N. Contribution of Complement Component C3 and Complement Receptor Type 3 to Carbohydrate-dependent Uptake of Oligomannose-coated Liposomes by Peritoneal Macrophages. J Biochem 2008; 144:563-70. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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58
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Kojima N, Biao L, Nakayama T, Ishii M, Ikehara Y, Tsujimura K. Oligomannose-coated liposomes as a therapeutic antigen-delivery and an adjuvant vehicle for induction of in vivo tumor immunity. J Control Release 2008; 129:26-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Revised: 03/22/2008] [Accepted: 03/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Induction of a specific strong polyantigenic cellular immune response after short-term chemotherapy controls bacillary reactivation in murine and guinea pig experimental models of tuberculosis. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2008; 15:1229-37. [PMID: 18524883 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00094-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
RUTI is a therapeutic vaccine that is generated from detoxified and liposomed Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell fragments that has demonstrated its efficacy in the control of bacillus reactivation after short-term chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to characterize the cellular immune response generated after the therapeutic administration of RUTI and to corroborate the lack of toxicity of the vaccine. Mouse and guinea pig experimental models were infected with a low-dose M. tuberculosis aerosol. RUTI-treated animals showed the lowest bacillary load in both experimental models. RUTI also decreased the percentage of pulmonary granulomatous infiltration in the mouse and guinea pig models. This was not the case after Mycobacterium bovis BCG treatment. Cellular immunity was studied through the characterization of the intracellular gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-producing cells after the splenocytes' stimulation with M. tuberculosis-specific structural and growth-related antigens. Our data show that the difference between the therapeutic administration of BCG and RUTI resides mainly in the stronger activation of IFN-gamma(+) CD4(+) cells and CD8(+) cells against tuberculin purified protein derivative, ESAT-6, and Ag85B that RUTI generates. Both vaccines also triggered a specific immune response against the M. tuberculosis structural antigens Ag16kDa and Ag38kDa and a marked mRNA expression of IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-12, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and RANTES in the lung. The results show that RUTI's therapeutic effect is linked not only to the induction of a Th1 response but also to the stimulation of a quicker and stronger specific immunity against structural and growth-related antigens that reduces both the bacillary load and the pulmonary pathology.
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60
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Cancer vaccines: accomplishments and challenges. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2008; 67:93-102. [PMID: 18400507 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Revised: 02/09/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in knowledge in diverse fields of science, including genetics, cell biology, molecular biology and biochemistry, have shed light on the origins of cancer and cell intrinsic properties that allow it to grow, invade and metastasize. Many therapies currently in use or under development are based on this knowledge. Advances in immunology, on the other hand, have shed light on how the host responds to these malignant properties of cancer. Based on that knowledge, immunotherapy, in particular vaccines directed at improving the host response against cancer, is being developed as an alternative therapeutic approach. In this review, we address main issues that have driven development of cancer vaccines and the challenges that have been met and/or are anticipated.
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61
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Gao JQ, Okada N, Mayumi T, Nakagawa S. Immune cell recruitment and cell-based system for cancer therapy. Pharm Res 2007; 25:752-68. [PMID: 17891483 PMCID: PMC2279154 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, B cells, and dendritic cells, have a central role in cancer immunotherapy. Conventional studies of cancer immunotherapy have focused mainly on the search for an efficient means to prime/activate tumor-associated antigen-specific immunity. A systematic understanding of the molecular basis of the trafficking and biodistribution of immune cells, however, is important for the development of more efficacious cancer immunotherapies. It is well established that the basis and premise of immunotherapy is the accumulation of effective immune cells in tumor tissues. Therefore, it is crucial to control the distribution of immune cells to optimize cancer immunotherapy. Recent characterization of various chemokines and chemokine receptors in the immune system has increased our knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of the immune response and tolerance based on immune cell localization. Here, we review the immune cell recruitment and cell-based systems that can potentially control the systemic pharmacokinetics of immune cells and, in particular, focus on cell migrating molecules, i.e., chemokines, and their receptors, and their use in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Naoki Okada
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tadanori Mayumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe-gakuin University, 518 Arise, Igawadani, Nishiku, Kobe, 651-2180 Japan
| | - Shinsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
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Lee KE, Kim HM, Lee JO, Jeon H, Han SS. Regulation of CD40 reconstitution into a liposome using different ratios of solubilized LDAO to lipids. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 62:51-7. [PMID: 17981441 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2007] [Accepted: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The integral membrane protein CD40 was found on the surface of B lymphocytes that interact with CD40L on T cells during the immune response. The hydrophobic transmembrane domains of membrane proteins can be stabilized in detergent or in lipid bilayers such as liposomes. Membrane proteins can be incorporated into the liposome in a similar fashion to the way they are handled in vivo. In this study, a large amount of full-sequence CD40 was produced using a bacterial system that contained a Mistic construct. The CD40 was then reconstituted into liposomes by detergent-mediated reconstitution. All stages in the process of liposome disruption with various detergent ratios were easily observed by monitoring the optical density. The structure of the liposome and the reconstitution of CD40 were confirmed by cryo-TEM. The results of the present study show that the detergent ratio had an effect on the structure of the liposome and the amount of CD40 that was reconstituted into the liposome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Eun Lee
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering and 3D Structure, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 1, 5-ka, Anam Dong, Sungbuk Ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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63
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Qin LJ, Liu ZJ. Preparation of adriamycin liposome coupled with HTf(Fe) 2 and its anti-tumor activity on human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2007; 15:1441-1445. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v15.i12.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To modify the adriamycin (ADM) liposome with transferrin HTf(Fe)2 according to the difference of receptor or antigen expression between tumor cells and normal cells, and study its efficacy of anti-tumor activities on human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721.
METHODS: Cross-linking reagent (SPDP) reacting with human transferrin HTf(Fe)2 was utilized, and liposomes coupled with transferrin [named as HTf(Fe)2-ADM-liposome] were prepared. Then human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 was treated with different concentrations of HTf(Fe)2-ADM-liposome and MTT assay was used to the killing effect on SMMC-7721 cells.
RESULTS: The success rate of HTf(Fe)2 coupling with liposomes was 73.5%. Electron microscopy showed no significant difference in the diameters between HTf(Fe)2-ADM-liposome and ADM-liposome (56 ± 38 nm vs 54 ± 30 nm, P < 0.05). Modification and coupling didn't affect the activity of HTf(Fe)2. The specific cytotoxicities of HTf(Fe)2-ADM-liposome, ADM-liposome and free ADM on SMMC-7721 cells were 64.52%, 22.12% and 37.82%, respectively, and there were marked difference between the former and the latter two (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The anti-tumor activity of HTf(Fe)2-ADM-liposome on SMMC-7721 cells in vitro shows a high potency and specificity and a minimal dosage is able to achieve this effect.
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Ritchie DS. DC research in Australia. Cytotherapy 2007; 9:225-30. [PMID: 17464753 DOI: 10.1080/14653240701306212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Australian researchers have contributed significantly to the understanding of DC biology and clinical application over the past 25 years. Active DC research programs are in place in all major centers, pursuing the key questions of DC phylogeny, physiology and clinical applicability. Pre-clinical and clinical research include the pathophysiology of DC in malignancy, autoimmunity, chronic viral infection, chronic renal failure and transplantation medicine. In addition, Australian laboratories have uncovered some of the subtle complexities of DC subsets, often utilizing novel investigational tools discovered in their laboratories. Above all, Australian DC research has benefited from the existence of a potent culture of active collaboration, which has led to key interactions between cellular immunologists, clinician scientists and clinical researchers. These collaborations have led to the emergence of DC research programs that extend from in vitro and animal models of DC biology through each step of clinical translation and into active clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Ritchie
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Australia.
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